Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty Land Warrant Application File W. 17184, for Hezekiah Munsell, Connecticut

SERVICE
NUMBER _____
Musek, Pgekiah No. 17184. Drena
CONTENTS

Reported
4091
Connecticut.
Irena Munsell, widow of Hezekiah Munsell Ct. 4091 who died on the 18th April, 1844 of Hartford in the State of Connecticut who was a Private in the Company by Captain Conn. of the Reg't by Col. Peckham in the Conn't line for 15 Mo. & 20 days
Inscribed on the Roll of Hartford at the rate of 52 Dollars 22 Cents per annum to commence on the 4th day of March , 1839. 15th day of April 1844, by death.
Certificate of Pension issued the 3rd day of Oct. 1844 and sent to Mrs. the Blackwell, East Windsor, Conn.
Arrears to the 4th Semi-annual allowance ending
{ Revolutionary Claim, Act July 4, 1836, Section the }
Recorded by Thos. Van Patten Clerk, Book 6 Vol. 1 Page 78

17.409 Connecticut
Hezekiah Munsell
of St Windsor in the State of Conn
who was a Pri - in the Conn commanded
by Captain _____ of the Regt commanded
by Col Perkins in the Conn
line for State Troops 15 mo 20
ds
$ 52. 22
Inscribed on the Roll of Conn
at the rate of 58 Dollars 25 Cents per annum, to commence on the 4th day of March, 1831.
Certificate of Pension issued the 20 day of Augt 1880 and sent - G H
Parsons - Hartford Ct
Arrears to the 4th of March 33 $104.44
Semi-ant. allowance ending Sept 11 26.11
$ 130.55
{ Revolutionary Claim, } { Act June 7, 1832. }
Recorded by E.D. Buelock Clerk,
Book E Vol. 3 Page 28

1228
Irena Munsell, Madam of Hoosick Law
July 1836
m 77. a 44
State of Connecticut } Office of Secretary of State }
I hereby Certify that Depe Charlton Esq. was on the 10th day of May A.D. 1844 a Justice of the Peace in and for the County of Hartford duly appointed and Commissioned; And I further Certify that
noted to possess the Manual

State of Connecticut, Hartford County, } ss East Windsor
On this Third day of May A.D. 1844; personally appeared before the Court of Probate for the District of East Windsor, in Hartford County, and State of Connecticut, Irene Munsell, a resident of said town, in the 89 th year of her age: Born in said East Windsor in July 1755: Who being first duly sworn according to Law, doth on her oath make the following declaration in order to obtain the benefits of the provision made by the Act of Congress passed July 4 th A.D. 1836.
That she is the Widow of Hezekiah Munsell, late of said East Windsor, who served as a private in the army of the Revolution, and was pensioned for his services, under Act of June 7 th 1832, at the rate of Fifty Eight dollars & Seventy eight cents on the 20 th August 1833.
She further declares, that she was married to the said Hezekiah Munsell, at said East Windsor at the house of her father, Moses Bissell, by the Reverend Thomas Polwine, pastor of the Second Congregational Church in said town, on the 24 th day of January 1777; or Seventeen hundred & Seventy Seven; Sixty Seven years ago, last January.
That her husband, the said Hezekiah Munsell, died in said East Windsor on the 14 th day of April, Eighteen hundred & forty four.
And that she has remained a Widow ever since that period, as will more fully appear by reference to the proof hereto annexed she has no family record but her Childrens ages are recorded on the Town Books
Dept. Wm. Baines. Laura Munsell
Irene Munsell Sworn to and subscribed

before said Probate Court, on the day and year first named.
In testimony whereof, I Benaiah Sexton Clerk of said Probate Court, do hereunto subscribe my name, and affix the Seal of said Court at said East Windsor, on the day and year first named. B. Sexton Clerk.

I Shubael Bartlett a resident of East Windsor in Hartford County and State of Connecticut do hereby depose and say, That I am now, sixty six years of age That I now am, and have been for forty years last past Pastor of the second Congregational Church in said town; that I am the immediate successor of the Rev Thomas Potwine, who was the first Pastor of said Church, and held that office from the year Seventeen hundred and, fifty four to the year Eighteen hundred and, two That I have never seen or known of any record kept by him of the Marriages he solemnized during his Ministry, and if he ever made and kept any such records, I fully believe they are lost.
I further certify, that I have been for many years acquainted with the late Hezekiah Munsell He lived in the 3 rd Society and was a man much respected,
Shubael Bartlett Pastor of the Second Church & Socy - East Windsor ~
Sworn to and subscribed before me Jesse Charlton one of the Justices of the Peace for said Hartford County, and I further certify That the deponent is a person to me well known, & now is, and for more than Forty years has been pastor of the Congregational second Church, in said East Windsor, & is a witness entitled to full credit. Done at E st East Windsor this 27 th day of April 1844.
Attest Jesse Charlton Justice of the Peace.

I Homer Reed Town Clerk and Register of the Town of East Windsor in Hartford County, and State of Connecticut do hereby certify, That I have the cus- tody of the public Records of said town, and I find by the examination of them, That there is no entry of the Marriage of Hezekiah Munsell, and Irene Bissell under any date, and I further certify, That previous to the year Eighteen hundred and twenty where a new Law went into operation the number of marriages recorded in the town books were very few; that but two marriages under the letter M are recorded previous to 1820, in all our Town records: But the ages of the Children of Hezekiah Munsell, & Irene Munsell, are recorded in our Town record of Marriages  Births in the following manner, Viz , Hezekiah, Son to Hezekiah Munsell, & Irene his Wife was born 17 th September Seventeen hundred & Seventy Seven: Irene, daughter to Hezekiah Munsell, & Irene his Wife was born 21 st February Seventeen hundred & Seventy Nine; Joel, Son to Hezekiah Munsell & Irene his Wife, was born 19 th January Seventeen hundred eighty three. Ezra Son to Hezekiah Munsell & Irene his Wife was born 27 th  March 1878  July 1878 seventeen hundred eighty five Timothy Munsell Son to Hezekiah Munsell, & Irene his Wife, was born 1 st July Seventeen hundred & eighty seven & after this there is two others, the above is a true extract from the record with the exception of the date, which is entered in plain legible figures as follows Hezekiah Son to Hezekiah Munsell & Irene his Wife was born 17 Sept 1777 Irene daughter to Hezekiah Munsell & Irene his Wife was born 21 st February 1779, and so of the rest which in the original is all put down in figures. And I further certify that I have been acquainted with the said Hezekiah Munsell many years & with some of their children.
The family are a respectable one Mr Munsell was for some time a Select man of the Town

The family are a respectable one Mr Mearnsell was for some time a Select man of the Town
and there is not the least doubt that they were lawfully Married & that the above is a true record of the ages of their children it is recorded in the hand writing of Aaron Bissell the Town Clerk who died in the year 1785, the four first ones.
Abner Reed - Town Clerk.
Sworn to and subscribed before me Jesse Charlton one of the Justices of the Peace for Hartford County on this 27 th day of April 1844, and I certify, that the deponent is Town Clerk & register of said Town, & a man of integrity & who has been Deacon of the Congregational Church for Sixty Six years
Attest Jesse Charlton Justice of the Peace And I further certify that before the signing and oath, the words Marriages & Deaths July 1787 were erased & seven in one line altered to five & Births & Deaths were interlined
Attest Jesse Charlton Justice of the Peace

Irene Mansell Records

We Beulah Allen and Vashti Parsons residents of the town of Bristol and James Wolcott a — Resident of Bloomfield in the State of New York, do hereby depose and say, that in the time of the Revolutionary War, we were living in the town of East Windsor, in Hartford County, and State of Connecticut; That we were then well acquainted with Hezekiah Munsell, & Irene Bissell, and we were present at the house of Moses Bissell of East Windsor, & witnessed the Marriage of the said Hezekiah and the said Irene, it was in the Winter of the year Seventeen hundred and Seventy Seven, or Sixty Seven years ago the past winter, I know by remembering how old I was at that time & how old I am now; and at that time the said Hezekiah Munsell was twenty four and the said Irene was twenty two I remember their first Son Hezekiah Munsell Jun he was born the next fall after the Marriage of the said Hezekiah & the said Irene: They were married by the Rev Thomas Pitkin, pastor of the second, or North Congregational Church, in said town, we removed from said East Windsor many years ago to the places where we now reside.
James Wolcott Beulah Allen Vashti Parsons
Sworn to and subscribed before me, the subscribing authority, at East Bloomfield in the County of Ontario & State of New York on this fifteenth day of May — 1844, and I certify that the affiants are well known to me & they are credible witnesses
Riverius C Stiles - Justice of Peace of said Ontario County
Sworn to and subscribed

State of New York Ontario County ss
I Alexander H Howell Clerk of the said County
do hereby certify that Riverias C Stiles Esq. before whom the annexed dispositions were taken was at the time of taking the same, & before and after; a lawful Justice of the Peace for said County; duly qualified & sworn; and the signature purporting to be his, is his genuine signature in testimony whereof, I do hereunto subscribe my name, and affix the Seal of said County at and Canandaigua on this twenty second day of May A D - 1844
Alex r H Howell Clerk By R Murray Jr Dep Clk
1844 1776 68
18 25

1844 1776 68
18 65
I Elijah F Reed, a resident of East Windsor in the County of Hartford and State of Connecticut, aged, almost Seventy seven years, do hereby depose and say; That said East Windsor is my native place; and that I have known Hezekiah Munsell of said town, (now deceased) about Fifty five years: and that he has lived with his present widow, Irene Munsell, from my earliest acquaintance with them. Their oldest son, Hezekiah Munsell Jun, was but a few years younger than myself, and is, (I believe) near Sixty seven years old.
That I have been in the practice of Physic for Fifty five years, and that for the whole of said time, I have been the Regular Physician in the family of said Munsell. I state these facts, for the purpose of saying further, That if it should be found, that all the persons who were present at the Marriage of said Munsell, to his present widow, are dead, (as it is very likely they may be, in such a lapse of time; such is the character of Mrs Munsell for integrity, and her statement is so corroborated by the age of her children, and the traditional evidence is so entirely in its favor, that Mrs Munsells declaration is entitled to the fullest credit in this behalf.
Her husband, the said Hezekiah Munsell, whom I knew to be a pensioner of the United States, died in said town, on the 14 th day of April 1844; I attended him in his last sickness, and the said Irene is now his widow.
Elijah F. Reed
Sworn to and subscribed

before me the subscribing authority at said East Windsor in said Hartford County on this tenth day of April May 1844 and I certify that the deponent is a credible and respectable person and has been the principal physician in said East Windsor for many years I have myself known him as such for about forty seven six years And I certify, that the word April & seven were erased by me, & the word May was interlined by me.
Jesse Charlton Justice of the Peace.
No 2 H. Reed Deponent

before me the subscriber I Marvin Root of Country, in the County of Tolland and State of Connecticut, aged forty one years, do hereby Depose and say; That I was Pastor of the Third Congregational Church, and Society in the Town of East Windsor in Hartford County & State of Connecticut for four years That during all that time Kezekiah Munsell a Revolutionary Pensioner was a Member of that Society and I was well acquainted with him and was intimate with him and his family and they are among the most respectable in that place, and I give this deposition to say that the all the witnesses to Marriage of Mr Kezekiah Munsell & his present widow Irene Munsell may be dead; as they are likely to be, I suppose, as it is, by Mr Munsells account Sixty Seven years since it took place; such is her character for integrity that her declaration on this subject I should think was intitled to entire confidence; And I would further say; That the account published in the Supplement to the Connecticut Courant, on the third day of April 1841 was written by me and was all taken from the statement made to me by Mr Kezekiah Munsell and mostly in his own words and is believed by all who knew said Munsell to be perfectly correct and without exaggeration. Marvin Root.
Sworn to and subscribed before me the subscriber one of the Justices of the Peace for the County of Tolland, and State of Connecticut on this 27 th day of April 1844 And I certify that the deponent is well known to me & is a credible

person and was, as he has stated, pastor of the 3 rd Church in East Windsor in Hartford County. a state of Connecticut before signing four years was instituted.
Pleaser Hunt Justice of the Peace
Rev. Mr. Noble: Professor for New Haven Manual
1228
Irena Munsell Mason of Hoosick New
July 1836
m 77. a 44
State of Connecticut } Office of Secretary of State }
I hereby Certify that Depe Charles Esq. was on the 10 th day of May A.D. 1844 a Justice of the Peace in and for the County of Hartford duly appointed and Commissioned; And I further Certify that Ebenezer Hunt Esq was on the 27 th day of April A.D. 1844, a Justice of the Peace in and for the County of Tolland duly appointed and Commissioned As appears of record in this Office and that I believe their signatures above written are genuine
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the Seal of said State at Hartford this 9 th day of June A.D. 1844 Daniel P. Tyler Secretary of State

Declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress passed June 7 th 1832
State of Connecticut } ss. Hartford Hartford County }
On this 26 th day of July 1832 personally appeared in open Court of Probate for the district of Hartford in the County & State aforesaid, being a Court of record having by Law a Clerk & Seal, Hereshiah Munroe a citizen & President of East Windsor in said County of Hartford & State aforesaid, aged seventy nine years who being first duly sworn according to law, doth on his oath, make the following declaration, in order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress passed June 7 th 1832
No. 1. That he entered the service of the United in April 1775 as a volunteer under Capt. Samuel Houghton of S t . East Windsor, soon after the alarm on account of the Lexington battle; that he marched to Roxbury & remained there about three weeks on duty & was then dismissed & returned home - he served as a private.
Isabel Hales of S t . East Windsor went with these volunteers & returned at the same time & can testify to the truth of this declaration
No. 2. Soon after he returned home, he enlisted & entered the public service under Col. George Pitkin of East Hartford in the County aforesaid for seven months. He entered this service sometime in May or first part of June 1775 he don't remem- ber certainly which. He marched in Col. Pitkin's company Lieut. Asa Russell - 2 nd Lieut. David Johnson & Sylvanus Martin was the Ensign from Bolton (where the company met) to Roxbury & arrived there in June & was there, he thinks, to Genl. Spencer's Brigade but of this he is not confident. That he remained there & at other places in that vicinity in the line of his duty, until the last of December 1775 or first part of January 1776. He was dismissed; having served one month over the term of his enlistment, by request of his officers, making the whole term of service, for this tour eight months .
John Taylor of Tolland County served with him on

and as regards others of your company in this town I can testify, (if he is now living) to the facts stated.
No. 3. That in the latter part of July 1778 he was drafted as a private from East Windsor to go to the White Plains & marched in about the 2 nd day of August, under Capt. Churchill of Wethersfield to Danbury & from thence to the White Plains in the State of New York where he arrived after the last of August - remained there about the time he was discharged & returned home. - On this tour we took on several pieces of field ordnance & from Farmington to the White Plains. That he was gone from home on this tour about one month . That he does not know of any body now living who served with him on this tour. but if he, on enquiry, can find that any one is living, he will endeavour to obtain his testimony.
No. 4. That in the forepart of Sept. 1780 he was drafted as a private under Capt. Israel Converse of Stafford & marched to Horse Neck - remained there on the lines some time, but went to North Castle when Col. Sheldon's Regt. of Dragoons were there; - then to Bedford, - thence back to Horse Neck, & was discharged the 11. day of Nov. 1780. having been absent on this tour, about nine or ten weeks.
That he will enquire but does not now know of any person now alive who served with him. -
No. 5. That in the last of May or beginning of June 1776 he enlisted as a private for seven months under Capt. Simon Wolcott of East Windsor, Lieut. Charter & 2 nd Lieut. Wells & Ensign Eaton - Fisher Gay was the Col. Delah Kent the Lt. Col. & S. Mott the Major. That he marched with the company to New Haven & there embarked in a vessel & landed in New York in June 1776 - That he was with the troops on Long Island when the British landed there & left there enroute to New York about the last of August as near as he can recollect - That while on Long Island he saw Genl. Israel Putnam, Lord Sterling & several other Genl. Officers.

This town of New Bedford (if this is now living) is the place where
That he continued with the troops from New York to Harlem. - to Mile Square - & to the White Plains - then to the Mills, to Phillipsburgh & to North Castle where he with he with others, whose term of service had expired, were honorably dismissed on the 25 th day of December A.D. 1778 being as he well remembers Christmas day.
Asahel Steles was with the deponent in this campaign & will testify to the facts.
And the deponent hereby relinquishes every claim whatever to a pension or annuity, except the present, & declares that his name is not on the pension roll of the agency of any State.
And in reply to certain interrogatories, propounded by the Court, the deponent further declares. That he was born in East Windsor in this County of Hartford on the 17 th day of January A.D. 1753 but to his own knowledge that a record of his birth was made, but that he thinks it is recorded at the office of the Town Clerk of Windsor, before the division of that Town was made. That at the several periods when he was called into the service in the manner as is herein before stated he was a member of his father's family in S d East Windsor & that since then he has always resided in the same Town. That from the great length of time which has elapsed since the close of the revolutionary war, he is unable to recall & mind the names of the several number of the Continental Officers, under whose command the company to which he belonged, was placed.
Nehemiah Russell
Sworn & subscribed the day & year first before written.
And the said Court of Probate, hereby declares its opinion, after the investigation of the matter, after putting the interrogatories prescribed by the War Department, that the above named applicant was a revolutionary

1832 July 26 Soldier & served as he states.
And the Court further certifies that it appears, that the Rev. Shubael Bartlett who has signed an affidavit is a clergyman, resident in the Town of East Windsor in the County of Hartford, & that Mr. Asahel Hiles who signed the same affidavit is a resident of the same Town - & that John Taylor of Ellington - & Frederick Wm. Grant all of whose affidavits or depositions have been presented to the Court, are credible persons & their statements are entitled to credit.
I Wm Whitman, Clerk of the Court of Probate for the district of Hartford in Hartford County, do hereby certify that the foregoing, contains the original proceedings of the said Court, in the matter of the application of Hezekiah Ellensell for a pension
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand & seal of office this 26 th day of July A.D. 1832
Wm Whitman, Clk of Court of Probate for the district of Hartford.

Soldier, appeared as he states. And the Court further certifies that
We Shubael Bartlett, a settled Clergyman in East Windsor in the County of Hartford State of Connecticut, & Asahel Stiles of said East Windsor certify & declare, That we are well acquainted with Jeremiah Munsell of said East Windsor & from our acquaintance with him we believe him to be Seventy nine years of age, & further that he is reputed & believed in the neighbourhood where he resides, to have been a revolutionary soldier on several tours of duty in the service of the country. & further that we entirely fully concur in that opinion. We also certify that Mr. Munsell sustains a fair character for integrity & veracity - Dated at Hartford 24. July 1832 Shubael Bartlett Asahel Stiles
State of Connecticut } Hartford County } ss
Sworn & subscribed the day & year above written
Before Me. En. Parsons Just. Peace
The Rev. Mr. Bartlett & Mr. Stiles the above deponents are gentlemen of very fair & excellent character. En Parsons Just. Peace

No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Re Mr Bartlett & W. A. Stiles deposition
de Rev. Munsell's application

I Asahel Hiles of East Windsor in the County of Hartford & State of Connecticut aged Seventy eight years on the 2 nd day of May 1832 depose & say that I entered into the Service of the United States under Capt. Samuel Stough- ton of East Windsor, soon after the Burgoyne battle, went to Roxbury in Massachusetts did duty as a private for two  about weeks, I was dismissed & returned home. That I am well acquainted with Heshiah Munsell of East Windsor, - were boys together, & have always known him since, That said Munsell went also as a volunteer in the Company & served as a private at Roxbury, we were both dismissed at the same time & returned home together - gone three weeks
That in May or June 1776 I again entered the service for seven months as a drummer under Capt. Simon Wolcott, First  then Capt. Charter & Hon. Wells & Ensign Eaton in Col. Gays Regiment, - That I went with the troops by land to New Haven & from there, by water, to New- York, which place we reached sometime in June of the same year, I continued in the service until the 25 th day of December 1776. That the above mentioned Heshiah Munsell enlisted at the time I did, & served with me during the whole time as a pri- -vate we were both with many others dismissed at North Castle in the State of New York on Christmas day, 25 th Dec r 1776, having served out our term of seven months.
The deponent further says that he supposes he believes, & that it is, he thinks, understood & believed, in the neighbourhood of S r . Munsell's residence, That he the said Munsell entered into the service at sundry times , other than those above stated. He but what other what periods of service the said Munsell engaged, other than those above stated, he the deponent does not remember. He has no reason however to doubt, indeed he verily believes, the times & the periods of service, set forth in said Munsell's declaration

(which has been read to him) is strictly true. If further the deponent saith not. —
The words "depose Gray" — "about" — "after an absum of about three weeks" — "the Company" — "the deponent" were interlined before signing this deposition. — Asahel Stiles
Sworn & subscribed this 26 th day of July 1832
in Hartford, Hartford County State of Connecticut
Before me Ch. Parsons Just. Peace
I certify that W. Asahel Stiles the above deponent, sustains a fair character for truth integrity — Ch. Parsons Just. Peace

9 Asa Stiles of
N o 1, 155 - also N o 2, - 3, 4, 5, 6 Abahel Stiles deposition de Her M rs Mansell's application

I John Taylor of Ellington in the County of Tolland of lawful age testify & say - That Jeremiah Munnell of East Windsor in the County of Hartford enlisted into the Company commanded by Col. George Pitkin for the term of seven months. That the said Munnell served a soldier in the Company eight months That I was present in the Company and served with him the whole of the term of eight months. served at Roxbury & Cohasset and further the Deponent saith not.
J. Taylor
Tolland County ss Ellington July 25 th 1832 Personally appeared John Taylor the subscriber to the foregoing Deposition & made solemn battle that the Deposition contains the truth the whole truth and nothing but the truth taken at the request of Jeremiah Munnell to be impressed by him for the purpose of obtaining a pension before me
Asa Willey Justice of Peace.
I also certify John Taylor the Deponent who since the taking of this Deposition has died. sustained a fair character for truth. and at the time of taking this Deposition the said Taylor was more than eighty years old. Asa Willey Justice of Peace Ellington May 16 th 1833

The Deposition of John Sayloo to be introduced before the Court of Probate for the District of Washington taken and sealed up by me
Asa Whitney Postmaster
John Sayloo deponent Mr. Merrill affidavit No. 145 No. 2-3-46 v. 2 H. C.

N o 1 at also N o 2, - 3, 4, 5 N o 2
John Taylor's deposition de. Rev. Murrell's application.
The deposition of John Taylor to be read in evidence the County Probate Court Docket of No. 10-10-10 witness it by me His Willy Presbyter

I Fred k W m Grant of East Windsor in Hartford County in the State of Connecticut, depose & say, That I am acquainted with M rs Mary Ann Murrell & Sarah Hicks both of s d East Windsor, & that they both sustain a fair & good character for veracity & integrity
Dated at Hartford in Hartford County this 24 th day of July A D 1832.
Sworn & subscribed the day of year above written
Fredrick W m Grant
Before the Hon. Parsons Just. Pac.
I certify that the above deponent is personally known to me, & that he sustains a respectable character for truth & integrity - Hon. Parsons Just. Pac.

character.
• Fred H. Grants
affidavit. —
re
Hon. Murrell's application

State of Connecticut } ss. Hartford County of Hartford }
Personally appeared before me, the undersigned a Justice of the Peace for said County of Hartford Hezekiah Munsell, of East Windsor in the County aforesaid, known to me as a person of veracity, and applicant for a pension under the Act of 7. June 1832. who made solemn oath that by reason of of old age, and the consequent loss of memory, he cannot swear positively as to the precise length of his service, but according to the best of his recollection he served not less than the periods mentioned below, and in the following grades:
 1 st . For at least twenty one days I served as a private in Captain Samuel Strong's company of foot.  2 d . For at least Seven months & twenty days I served as a private in a company commanded by Colonel George Pitkin.  3 d . For at least thirty seven days , I served as a private in a company of foot commanded by Captain Churchill. Austin Phelps of Windsor was Lieutenant. Eleazar Burham Ensign. Josiah Allen of Windsor. Camp Adams of Wethersfield. Jeremiah Pease of Enfield. & one O'Leath of Manchester were Sergeants.  4 th . For two months and six days at least I served as a private in Captain Israel Converse's company of foot. David Root was Lieutenant, Stephen Dexter 
John Taylor of Tolland County served with him on

of Somers was Ensign - Weston of Stafford - Wallace of Somers & Alexander Brown of Stafford were Sergeants.
5 th For at least Seven months I served as a private in Captain Simon Wolcott's Company in Colonel Chubb's Infantry Regiment - Colonel Hart was Colonel The aggregate amount of my services as a private soldier in the war of the revolution is at least eighteen months and fifteen days . and for such services I claim a pension under the Act of 7. June 1832. these services are detailed in my declaration dated July 26. 1832.
I do hereby subscribe } this 16 day of May 1833 } Neriah Munsell
Gen. Parsons Judge Pres
I certify that

I, Thomas Day, Secretary of the State of Connecticut and keeper of the Seal thereof, do hereby certify, That Enock Parsons Esq. before whom the foregoing affidavits of Rev. Michael Bartlett and Asahel Stiles were taken, is, and at the time of taking said affidavits was, a Justice of the Peace within and for the county of Hartford; and that Asa Willey Esq. before whom the foregoing affidavit of John Taylor was taken, is and at the time of taking said affidavit was, a Justice of the Peace within and for the county of Tolland; both said Justices having been duly appointed, commissioned and qualified, with power and authority to administer oaths to witnesses and to take affidavits out of court and to certify the same; that I verily believe the foregoing signatures purporting to be the signatures of said Justices respectively are genuine; and that full credence may and ought to be given to their official acts and attestations.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and affixed the Seal of said State, at Hartford, the 23rd day of May, A. D. 1833.
Thomas Day

O. W. & N. Div.
W 17184
L. W. B.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
BUREAU OF PENSIONS,
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
November 14, 1896.
Sir:
Replying to your request for information concerning the military record of Hezekiah Munsell, a soldier of the Revolutionary War, you are advised that he made application for pension July 26, 1832, at which time he was 79 years of age and residing at East Windsor, Conn., and his pension was allowed for fifteen months and twenty days' actual service as a private in the Conn. troops, Revolutionary War; a part of the time he served under Capt. George Pitkin and Col. Mirman. He enlisted at East Windsor, Conn.
Very respectfully,
Commissioner.
Mr Charles C. Taintor,
232 William Street,
New York City.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE COURANT.
PUBLISHED EVERY OTHER WEEK AS A PART OF THE CONNECTICUT COURANT.
VOL. IX.
HARTFORD, SATURDAY, JUNE 8, 1844.
NO. 12.
Poetry.
FOR THE SUPPLEMENT.
Stanzas to the Memory of Mrs. Sarah Trumbull.
"Why do we mourn?"
I.
Nay! Ask not—thou who lingerest sadly there, A faithful watcher by the lifeless clay,— Why from a couch of pain and world of care, She passed so young and beautiful away.
II.
Thou would'st not ask why birds of joyous wing Speed from the wintry clime to sunny skies; Why from the leafless grove they fly, to sing Where new-born sweets and spring-tide odors rise.
III.
Thou would'st not ask why when the day is done, Its strife and care,—we seek an eve of rest, When wakeful turmoils of the world we shun And find repose on Love's delicious breast.
IV.
Oh! when the boon to her pure, faithful heart To choose 'twixt earth and heaven was kindly given, Repine not that she chose the better part— That her heart's treasure was laid up in heaven.
V.
Her mansion was prepared, and like a child, Weary with wandering, she sought her home; Her Father called her—her bright spirit smiled And breathed with heaven-tuned sweetness, "Lo, I come."
VI.
And has she fled too early?—Loved of God, How could she longer live away from Him? The angel's welcome up the heavenly road Rose sweet above the mourner's requiem.
VII.
In life victorious o'er the power of sin, Wafted to heaven by the destroyer's breath, She lived to hope for, and she died to win, Lovely in life but lovelier in her death.
VIII.
Too early for her happiness? ah no! Life's morning flowers receive the dews of love: Youth were best fit to serve her God below, Undying youth to sing his praise above.
IX.
The beams of her affection falling here Warmed the fond hearts who made her heart their home, Now kindling with immortal glory there Her love more brightly gilds the hour of gloom:
X.
While you with tears bedew the bed of death, Or cling in sadness to the burial clod, Her spirits bends from heaven to whisper Faith, "I am not here, but risen to my God."
XI.
Oh! bind her blessed memory to your heart, To heal the wound which her departure made: Rejoice that she enjoys a brighter part, Exchanging earth for joys that cannot fade.
XII.
And is heaven happy? Unbelieving soul, Humble before her purity thy pride; Look upward, seek, like her, the heavenly goal, And meet in bliss her spirit glorified.
Hartford, May, 1844.
H. B. F.
Life.
FOR THE SUPPLEMENT.
Life, like a river dim begins afar, And onward glides to boyhood's quickening course, Then madly rushes with impetuous force Down youth's swift cataract, as if at war
With all that would its current stop or mar; The quickened stream now further from its source Rolls o'er the rocks of manhood and grows hoarse, As round and round it whirls with eddying far; Now wider, smoother, flows the stream of life, As age succeeds full manhood and grows mild, Soon, soon shall end existence's waning strife, For once again the man is but a child: 'Tis past, life's course is run, the finite soul Has sought its source, the everlasting whole.
The sea gives up its dead, and life anew Speeds on its wonted way, and yet again Flows on as ever onward to the main, True to itself, to its own nature true; No part of all that is is ever lost But e'er must have its place in God's own realm Who ever guides the universal helm Through nature's oft returning heat and frost. If to our sight we but unite our thought, Where'er we turn our eyes, we may behold These tokens that, with forced conviction fraught, Shall to our sense, life's mystery unfold. Oh mind! God's image that hath power to scan, And learn his way—his "universal plan."
FOR THE SUPPLEMENT.
The Power of God displayed in a South American Hurricane, imagined.
Behold the Deity! the clouds his car; While with a breath, he shakes the solid ground, Shakes nature's pillars to the rolling earth, And with his finger, wheels the earth around,
Islands and oceans, kingdoms, empires, states, Worlds to the Heaven of Heavens his throne: And unknown orbs, he into being spoke, And to their centre, rules as God alone.
Lo, with a word, the earth's old sources burst: As though her surface were a little crust, And the vast mountains quake, cities and towns, In one dread hour from nature's volume thrust.
Lo! in the southern world Almighty arm, Thou bids the raving winds assert their reign; The blacken'd clouds with wildest animals roar, Rush from their fountains o'er Bolivia's plain.
Lo! in the hurricane, Jehovah's strength, Riding while in the dark en'd east it scowls, With hanging clouds around the mountain's top, And roaring wind around the landscape howls.
Behold! are broken all the holds of air; In wild confusion rush to airy caves: Mingling with the crash of falling towers, The wind God in his airy chariot raves,
Lets loose his reins, his steeds to battle run, Seeming to mock the works of art and show, Hurls the rough rock from off the mountain's brow, Rolling and tumbling to the plain below.
The fruitful field, the orange bursting bloom, Whose nature's beauties deck the spicy vale, And blended with their odors and their breath, Mingling with Columbia's sweet gale.
Lo! thy pavilion here, the raging wind, Like ocean's waves wide sweeping all around; Breathes dire destructions o'er her verdant plains, And leaves her wither'd track along the ground.
The tall tree from its throne is quickly thrust, The wild waves madly dash upon the shore: Mountain and hill with awful crush are torn, Above the wild winds 'neath the torrents roar.
The brute creation tremble at the scene; The bird takes refuge in his strength of wing; While the old ocean and wild Neptune strives, Destruction's arrows o'er the earth to fling.
See nature fair; to one dread ruin crushed, When the Almighty's arm its fountains slakes: And Chili's fruitful shore the earthquake wrecks, And fertile vallies sink to putrid lakes.
But see that hand that gave the winds their reins: Controls again their rage and stays their hand; The waves retreat and to their caverns rush, And stills the tempest at his dread command.
See through the skies with shining robes he rides, Thunders and lightnings echo on his way; And at his word the hills and mountains nod, And worlds their orbits burst and fly away.
Jehovah, Lord, of all the worlds on high! Creator, Author, of this shining frame: The whole vast universe is thine alone, And this alone's too mean to speak thy name.
We would not lisp upon our feeble tongue, Thy name so grand, absorbing angels high; Oh wondrous in earth, yet God of Heaven, And in this passing moment thou art nigh.
Long Island, March 15, 1844.
C. E. S.
Held their annual meeting at New Haven, on the 15th May, which was attended by a large number of the members and friends of the Institution.
An interesting Report on the condition and prospects of the Society, was presented, and read by Samuel H. Parsons, Esq. of this city, a copy of which will be found below.
The Society then proceeded to the election of officers for the ensuing year and the following gentlemen were chosen, viz:
Hon. THOMAS DAY, President.
Vice Presidents—Prof. J. L. Kingsley, Rev. David D. Field, D. D.; David S. Boardman, Esq., James Ward, Esq., Hon. John S. Peters, Thomas S. Perkins, Esq., John McClellan, Esq., Thomas B. Butler, Esq.
Corresponding Secretary—Henry Barnard, 2d, Esq.
Recording Secretary—Charles Hosmer.
Treasurer—James B. Hosmer.
Standing Committee—Rev. Leonard Bacon, D. D., Erastus Smith, Esq., Rev. George Burgess, E. Champion Bacon, Esq., Gideon Welles, Esq., Charles H. Olmsted, Esq., Edward C. Herrick, Esq.
After transacting its usual business, the Society proceeded to the Centre Church, where an able address from Isaac W. Stuart, Esq. on the "History of the
Hezekiah Munnell Comm. W. 17154

Charter of Connecticut," was listened to by a large assembly of citizens, strangers and members of the Legislature.
In the evening an eloquent and highly interesting Historical discourse was delivered by the Rev. Horace Bushnell, D. D. Subject "Connecticut: her history as a basis of State feeling and public enthusiasm, and what is required of us to maintain her place, and her honor in her future history."
As these able addresses will probably be published, we deem it unnecessary to give any extracts from them at this time.
Believing, however, that Mr. Parsons' Report, explaining the objects of the Institution, and containing a brief account of its numerous and valuable collections of books, manuscripts, maps, pictures, coins, medals, &c. illustrative of the history of this State and country from an early period, will interest many of our readers, and the numerous friends of the society, here and elsewhere, we now give it entire as follows:
REPORT.
The committee recently appointed to report on the situation of the Connecticut Historical Society, respectfully submit the following statement.
From the short time allowed for the examination of the great variety of Historical materials; the want of a catalogue—and the somewhat unarranged condition of the property of the Society, the report of your Committee, at this time, must necessarily, be brief, informal and incomplete.
The Committee deem it unnecessary to notice in detail, the proceedings of the Society; it may not, however be uninteresting to those members, who have not usually attended its meetings, to learn generally, that its prospects are of a flattering and cheering character. In June 1839, the first meeting of the Society, under its revived charter, was held at Hartford. The act of incorporation was accepted and the Society organized. At that time, the Hon. Thomas Day was chosen President. Professor Kingsley, of New Haven and Rev. Dr. Field, of Haddam, Vice Presidents, Henry Barnard 2d, Esq. Corresponding Secretary, Charles Hosmer, Recording Secretary, and James B. Hosmer, Treasurer.—Nearly five years have elapsed since the first meeting of the Society, and the respectable and worthy gentlemen then chosen, have been continued in office to the present time, a satisfactory proof of ability, and fidelity in the performance of the duties assigned them.
During this period, there have been admitted one hundred and seventy two Resident members, and forty five Honorary members; among them, gentlemen distinguished for their learning and science, who have contributed essentially in promoting the objects of the institution.
The Society having been established with a view to the collection of Records and other documents connected with the early settlement of our country; the discovery, procuring, and preserving whatever relates to the Civil, Ecclesiastical and Natural History of the United States, especially of this State, have received at various times, a large number of valuable books and documents relating to the general history of America—accounts of early Discoveries, Explorations—Voyages and Travels—Histories of Towns and Churches in this and other States—Biographical Memoirs—Laws, Journals, and proceedings of Congress, State Legislatures, Conventions in this and other States, Judicial Reports—numerous Pamphlets, Newspapers and Manuscripts—Maps and Charts—Pictures and Engravings illustrating Historical Events—Busts, Portraits and Prints of eminent men—genealogies of families, especially of the first settlers of the Colony, brought down to the present times—designs of public buildings and other works—views of cities and remarkable places—plans of battles and fortifications—Indian antiquities—specimens in natural science, and many other curiosities exceedingly valuable in illustrating
the history and antiquities of our country. Among the public documents presented to the Society, are the Journals of the American Congress from 1774 to 1788 complete in 13 volumes. The secret Journals of Congress during the same period; Executive, Senatorial and House Journals and documents and State Papers in 630 volumes, since the adoption of the Constitution of the United States—Reports of Committees 55 volumes—the Laws of the United States—Gales and Seaton's State Papers in 21 volumes—American Archives, embracing a Documentary History of the Revolutionary War, a very valuable work compiled by Peter Force, Esq. of Washington City, of which four volumes have been already issued from the press and presented by him to the Society. We have likewise the statutory enactments of this and some other States of the Union, from an early period.
Although our Congressional Documents are nearly complete, still there are several valuable books granted to Universities and other Literary Institutions which, by existing laws of Congress, cannot be distributed to Historical Societies, but from measures already adopted, it is probable they will be eventually obtained. It may be proper here, also to remark, that the British Government have presented to several Literary Institutions in this country copies of their "Public Records," printed and bound in more than one hundred and fifty volumes. This Society have requested their President to make application to the proper authorities in London for a similar donation, and it is hoped, this very valuable work will be ultimately obtained.
The Society have many valuable works on Theological subjects; among them are the Sermons and Essays of distinguished clergymen of by-gone days.
The collection of Pamphlets is large; probably six or seven thousand—of which, about one sixth are duplicates. They have been examined and arranged under distinct and appropriate heads, to wit: Political, Scientific, Ecclesiastical, Financial, Historical, &c. Some relate to ancient land cases, particularly the Susquehannah and Gore claims. There are many Anniversary, Farewell, Century, Half Century, Election, Funeral, Fast, Thanksgiving, Ordination and Dedication Sermons and Addresses; Annual and Triennial Catalogues of Collegiate Institutions and Pamphlets relating to these and other literary institutions. Agricultural Addresses, Essays and Reports; Peace and Temperance Addresses—Pamphlets relating to Bible, Missionary and Anti-Slavery Societies, &c. &c. It may be true, that some of these very numerous pamphlets are of little value, but most of them contain important and interesting Historical facts relating to towns, families, and distinguished individuals, explaining the usages of society in past times, the opinions and the tone of public feeling at different periods on the subjects of Religion and Government.
The collection of Newspapers consist of about 250 volumes bound, and a still larger number not yet arranged for binding. Some are rare and exceedingly valuable; rare for their antiquity and valuable for historical reference, indicating as they do the popular sentiments of the day and forming a record of events at the time of their respective publication. The first newspaper produced by the English Press entitled "The English Mercury" is preserved in the British Museum. It was printed in London, July 28, 1688, by Christopher Barker, about 146 years after the art of printing was known in Europe, and 120 years after its introduction into England.
Among the papers belonging to this Society we find "The Boston News Letter" dated in 1711. This was the first Anglo-American newspaper published on this continent. It was established in Boston, April 21, 1704, by John Campbell, Postmaster, and printed by Bartholomew Green, and was discontinued in 1776 when the British evacuated Boston. It is believed that a full copy of this paper does not now exist. The New
York Historical Society however, have about 209 numbers from its establishment in 1704 until April 1708.
We have also a volume of the Connecticut Gazette printed at New Haven, January 1, 1755, by James Parker & Co. It was the first paper established in the colony of Connecticut. We have likewise the first number and volume of the Connecticut Courant, the third paper established in this colony. It was issued October 1764, by Thomas Green, and was the first paper printed in Hartford.
The second paper published in the colony was the "New London Summary," printed in 1758, but was soon discontinued and succeeded by the "New London Gazette," published in 1763, by Timothy Green. Several of the early volumes of this paper are possessed by this Society. A collection of all the newspapers printed in this State before the revolutionary war, and extending from that period to the present time, would in the opinion of your committee be an exceedingly valuable acquisition.
Among the donations we cannot omit to mention a complete set of the "New York Evening Post," from the year 1801 to 1817, in 16 volumes, presented by Mrs. Burnham widow of the late proprietor and publisher, Michael Burnham, Esq., of New York.
The collection of manuscripts embrace many valuable and interesting documents, such as "Orders in Council" from the year 1715 to 1763. The correspondence of the early Governors of the colony—Autographs and letters of distinguished individuals prior to, as well as during and since the revolutionary war—Military Orderly Books—Journals—History of Towns and Churches—Sermons and Letters and Essays of early and distinguished Divines—Ancient Deeds—Records of Courts and of the Society of the Cincinnati of Connecticut—Original Records of the Laws passed by the Colony of Connecticut from 1676 to 1705—Some of the Original Manuscripts and historical papers of the late venerable and distinguished Wm. Samuel Johnson of Stratford. The "Trumbull Papers" especially those relating to the first Governor Trumbull, embracing the theological, mercantile, military and political history of that distinguished statesman—a large collection of valuable letters, manuscripts and account books of the late Hon. Jeremiah Wadsworth who was a Commissary General in the revolutionary war, and afterwards for several years a leading and influential member of Congress; also many other valuable miscellaneous papers of which a schedule in part, is hereto annexed.
Your committee believe that the archives of public institutions are the proper depositories for manuscripts. In the hands of individuals, ignorant of their value, they are frequently lost or destroyed. It is therefore hoped that the members and friends of this institution will use their endeavors to persuade individuals and families possessing important correspondence to deposit the same among the archives of this Society.
A great variety of gold, silver, and copper coins of this and other countries have been presented to the Society, including the famous "pine-tree shilling of Massachusetts, which so much disturbed his Majesty Charles II., being regarded as an encroachment upon his royal prerogative until assured by the ingenious explanation of Sir Thomas Temple, (a warm friend of New England and Governor of Nova Scotia) that it was merely a 'loyal medal' in honor of his Majesty, and that the tree represented the Royal Oak of Boscobell, whose branches shielded the sacred person of his Majesty against the rapacious cruelties of his pursuers.
We find also a number of medals intended to commemorate important historical events in this and foreign countries, from an early period.
The Society possess a variety of maps and charts of this and neighboring countries from an early period to the present time. Among the oldest may be seen the divisional lines of most of the English colonies in America,

while those of more recent publication, show the divisional lines between the several States of the Union.
They have also numerous portraits, busts, and engravings of eminent men of this and other countries. Among them are Governors Saltonstall, Wolcott, Treadwell, and Ellsworth, Hon. Silas Deane, Gen. Hamilton, President Harrison, Henry Clay, and many other distinguished statesmen, also of many eminent divines, among whom we find the Rev. President Wheelock, the Rev. Elnathan Whitman, and the Rev. Dr. Strong of Hartford, Rev. Dr. Joseph Sewell, Thomas Prince, Benjamin Colman, with many others too numerous to mention.
Your committee congratulate the Society and the friends of the Institution and of learning, upon the erection of a permanent and substantial building in Hartford, where the valuable collections of the Society may be preserved beyond the reach of accident, or misfortune from the ravages of fire or other casualties. The building where are now deposited the archives of the Historical Society, is called "Wadsworth Atheneum," in honor of the munificent liberality of its founder, Daniel Wadsworth, Esq. of Hartford. The south wing of the splendid edifice is now occupied by the society, and measures have been taken for finishing the upper room in the most convenient and appropriate style, combining utility and elegance in its arrangements. When the room appropriated to the use of the Society is ready for their accommodation, it is recommended by your committee that a properly digested catalogue of the Library and Collections be made—the want of which has been a source of much inconvenience, and has embarrassed your committee in their examinations.
The funds of the Society, as will appear from the Report of your Treasurer, have been solely derived from the admission fee of its members. There have been receipts from occasional Lectures the past winter, and from some inconsiderable private donations. These, however, have nearly been exhausted by necessary and unavoidable expenditures, and are totally inadequate to meet the wants of the Institution.
Regarding the objects of the Institution as wholly of a public nature, in which all the citizens of this State are equally interested, and encouraged by the liberal donation made by the Legislature of the State of New York to the Historical Society of that State, as well as to its other literary institutions, your committee would respectfully suggest the expediency of an immediate appeal to the enlightened and patriotic Legislature of the State of Connecticut, for a liberal donation to aid this Society in accomplishing the purposes of its establishment,—and from the known intelligence, liberality and public spirit of the members of our Legislature, it is presumed the application will not be unsuccessful.
Respectfully submitted,
SAMUEL H. PARSONS, Committee.
FOR THE SUPPLEMENT.
THE PROGRESS OF TRUTH.
1. It was morning in Jerusalem. Soldiers, Priests and Levites, and a mighty throng of citizens were pressing upward to the judgment hall.
2. In the midst of this moving mass of life was a child—a little girl. Her form was beautiful—her countenance beamed with intelligence and love—and the brightness of her eye was even remarkable. The proud and bigoted pharisees gazed upon her—and the haughty scribe confessed that her like he had never seen. And he inquired from which tribe of Israel she came.
3. The child was borne onward by the crowd, and at length reached the spacious hall. There sat Pilate on the judgment seat, and before him stood the man of Nazareth—the Son of God. Around stood his accusers, the Jewish priests, with their brows knit, and their countenances glowing with rage, thirsting for the blood of their victim.
4. The little girl pressed on—ascended the steps, and
approached the governor's seat. Pilate turned and gazed upon her. A little child—a girl —and there —in such a throng of rude and barbarous men. He looked upon her, and looked again. His brow relaxed, his bosom heaved, and a mighty change came over him.
5. The child now raised her full and expressive eye upon the governor, and with her hand pointed to the Son of God. But at this moment, like the sound of many waters, arose the mingled cry of rage and execration, "crucify him, crucify him."
6. Pilate commanded silence, and in tones that thrilled the brutal mass, inquired, "What is Truth?" A question that the world for the first time heard, and not asked by priest, levite, or scribe , but by a Gentile, a Roman governor.
7. Even the blessed Jesus looked at Pilate, as if surprised that he should be the first to ask this all-important question. Pilate now arose and said, "I find, notwithstanding all your accusations, no fault in the man." He is innocent.
8. At this moment a body of priests, as if believing that the child had exerted some secret influence upon the governor that had led him to this decision—rushed forth and seized her, and dragged her through the crowd, and drove her from the temple gates.
9. Days, months, and years rolled away, and the child where was she? An aged man, lying in the dungeons of Rome, once said, that as he held the clothes of those who stoned a certain follower of the man of Nazareth, he saw a little girl standing beside the dying man, with her hand upon his brow.
10. Again, he observed, that once on a journey to Damascus, a little child ran by his side. And notwithstanding the speed with which he hurried on,—the child kept up with equal pace. "There she was," said he, "her eye fixed on mine. But all at once a light above the brightness of the mid-day's sun, shone round about me, and the child I saw no more."
11. It was noon in Rome. The streets were empty, for all had gone to witness the spectacle in the vast amphitheatre. Twelve christians were to fight with lions and be devoured for the sport of Rome.
12. An old man, bent by age and infirmity, was led into the arena. He gazed upon the mighty multitude around and above him. But a cry now arose to let in the beast. The door was opened, and out rushed a huge majestic lion opposite to the aged man. At that instant a little girl was discovered standing by the side of the old man. A thousand mothers shrieked out, "the child, the child, save, save the child."
13. The lion crouched before her, crept fawningly to her feet, and with a moaning sound, returned to his den. At that moment a crown of light brighter than the sun, encircled the old man's brows. His garments were radiant with hues, and he stood forth in youthful vigor and exclaimed, "I have fought the good fight, I have kept the faith, I have finished my course." As he said this, a cloud of light enveloped him and the child, and as it vanished they were gone.
14. Ages rolled on. The child was seldom seen. A stranger called on Copernicus one day; a little girl sat smiling by his side. As the keeper one morning entered the dungeon of Galileo, he was surprised to see a child comforting and cheering the poor, infirm, and broken hearted old man.
15. Years passed away, when an aged traveller, a stranger, on his way to a distant city, was passing through Geneva. He was met by a man of stern and rigid features, who had him arrested, hurried before a tribunal of justice, where he was condemned to be burned alive. His only crime was an honest difference of opinion from that of the man who caused his arrest.
16. He was led to the stake. Green wood, that his torments might be lengthened, was placed around him. Fire was set to the pile. At that instant, a little child was seen standing on the summit of the burning fuel,
apparently unconscious of harm, and conversing with the unhappy victim. As the flames and smoke curled up around the child, she pointed upwards, smiled, and disappeared. Servetus was no more.
17. Time rolled on, centuries passed away, when early one summer's morning—a little girl of ruddy countenance, and in a dress widely differing from that of the inhabitants, was seen entering the streets of a populous city.
18. The passers by stopped and gazed at her. Some inquired whence she came. For all were struck by the beauty and loveliness of the child. "She comes," said one, "from the mountains of Caucasus. 'Tis only there that such loveliness is seen."
19. "No, no," said an aged sea captain, "she is a child of the ocean. Once in sailing down the Malabar coast in a terrible gale, when all appeared lost—only destruction before us—a little girl appeared standing upon the bow of the ship, pointed with her hand and vanished from our sight. We changed our course, steered in the direction given, and soon entered a spacious bay, secure from the storm, and thus were saved from inevitable destruction." But how came she here?
20. An aged female accosted the child, inquired whence she came, whither going, her name, and the object of her journey. But the child made no reply. She placed her finger upon her mouth, and sweetly smiled.
21. The female after gazing upon her exclaimed, "her home is not here. She is no child of earth. She is an angel from heaven."
22. The little girl now pursued her way—gazing apparently with delight upon the scene before her. Soon she came to a crowded mart, where the rich and the poor were purchasing various commodities to supply their wants. A lady was bargaining for a necklace of great price.
23. The merchant assured her it was of the purest material, and the price far less than its real value. The child touched it with her finger, and wonderful to tell, the necklace became but tinseled dross—a thing of no value.
24. The merchant in a rage, drove the child from his stand, and cursed her in the bitterness of his wrath. The child passed on, and strange to tell, every article she touched lost its glare and beauty. Golden trinkets became but a base alloy. Rich silks and costly linens dwindled down to a cotton base.
25. A gentleman of fashion was strutting forth among the crowd, exhibiting his costly dress and the graces of his person. The child touched his hand, and his true character was at once seen—supreme ignorance and blotted vanity—an object of derision and contempt to all who beheld him.
26. A lady, habited in silks, and decorated with the most costly ornaments, was endeavoring to excite the gaze and admiration of all around her, but no sooner did the child touch her person, than she stood forth a mass of ugliness, with false teeth, a false complexion, a false eye, and a false heart.
27. A change came over every thing that the child approached. Her presence was dreaded, and imprecations followed her wherever she went.
28. A man noted for his regular attendance on religious meetings and the strict performance of his devotional duties, and who condemned all who differed from him in religious opinions—no sooner came in contact with the little girl than he was changed into the selfish, niggardly, disgusting hypocrite—a stranger to the religion of Jesus, and instead of being a child of heaven, he was but an imp of 'tother place.
29. The child passed on—entered the office of a professedly benevolent society. The agent was addressed a number on the great, the pure, the holy object for which the society was laboring. The child touched him—and lo, he became a mass of selfishness. The pounds he collected, he kept for his own use, and dis-

tributed the pennies to enrich his friends. He cursed the child and with blows drove her away.
30. The little girl next entered a church. The minister was warning his hearers against the errors of other sects, denouncing all who differed from him in opinion as infidels, heretics, and despisers of the truth. "We," said he, "are right—we are the children of God, and the light of the world. Shun all who differ from us. Hear them not, read not their writings, lest ye become ungodly like them."
31. The child touched his hand, and what a change came over him. Instead of love to God and love to man—ignorance, envy, hate, bigotry and selfishness, were written on his brow. He stood forth a bigoted Pharisee, a seed attorney, a dog in the manger. He loved the flock for the sake of the fleece. He invoked imprecations on the child, and the audience in rage drove her from the house.
32. The poor child wandered many a day houseless, homeless. At length she came to a cottage, in a retired part of the country. She entered it, but entered timidly and trembling, fearful that the inmates would drive her hence. But the people of the house—an old man and his wife, and a son and a daughter, received her kindly, and welcomed her to their homely fare.
33. She tarried there weeks and months. If they went to the fields to labor, the child accompanied them thither. In their morning and evening devotions—in their songs of thanksgiving and praise, she joined with fervor and seemed enraptured with delight.
34. It appeared to this retired family, that since this poor, forsaken child came among them, that a brighter sun beamed upon them, that the birds sung more joyously their notes of love, and a more balmy fragrance filled the air. They loved—they blessed the child—for to her they attributed the peace, the happiness, and heavenly joy of their daily lives. On a certain occasion, as the family stood on a little eminence, surveying the landscape around, the child waved her hands before them, and a new vision was imparted to each. All nature wore a new aspect. The fields, the brooks and towering forests, now seemed a mighty page, written in characters of light, filled with the knowledge of the glory of God.
35. At once, enrapturing music from all around, broke upon their ear. All nature pealed forth an anthem of praise, so sweet, so loud, so exhilarating, that their spirits soared on the voice of song to other worlds. The child now became enveloped in rays of light and glory, and in the midst of this mighty chorus of nature, she ascended on high, to heaven—her native home. The name of this child was Truth. And her story—is—the Progress of Truth.
FOR THE SUPPLEMENT.
Messrs. Editors: By publishing the following sketch, you will oblige your friends and readers. MARVIN ROOT. Coventry, April 29th, 1844.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF HEZEKIAH MUNSEL.
All nations either in story or song have celebrated the virtues and spoken of the feats of their poets, their philosophers, their statesmen, their heroes, and their soldiers. And why should not the United States in a laudable manner imitate in this particular the example of other nations? A race of men are fast passing away from this land, to whom the inhabitants of our country owe a greater debt of gratitude than any other nation ever owed to a single class of men. The writer refers to the old revolutionary soldiers. As one of them, an acquaintance of the writer, has recently departed this life, it is thought that a biographical sketch is justly due to his memory. When a revolutionary soldier dies, his patriotism belongs to the nation and to the world. His virtues then ought to be published.
Died at East Windsor, April 14th, 1844, Hezekiah
Munsel, in the 92d year of his age—a pensioner. He was born in East Windsor, near Warehouse Point, January 17th, 1753, new style. He is one of the very few who live to this day, who came under the personal influence of the venerable Timothy Edwards, who baptized him in infancy. Mr. Munsel was married to Irene Bissell, January 24th, 1777, consequently as she survives her husband they had lived together more than 67 years at the time of his decease. Hezekiah Munsel, at the time of his death, was the oldest male person in the town of East Windsor.
Some things were so remarkable in his life that it is thought proper to take some notice of his character. He was born a total abstinence person from all intoxicating drinks. Of cider, wine, beer, rum, brandy, gin, he never drank, unless he drank them in medicine, and then, let it be understood, he used them as he used calomel, as arsenic, and antimony. He never loved intoxicating drinks, he had no desire for them and consequently he never used them as a beverage. Mr. and Mrs. Munsel had ten children, nine of whom survive him—six sons and three daughters.
His memory was very tenacious, and he retained his faculties remarkably until within a week of his death. As one specimen of his memory to retain facts, the writer would state that Mr. Munsel when quite a lad could remember the three first brick buildings erected in Hartford. The location of these buildings were given to the writer and minuted down at the time, one he said stood near Dr. Bull's Drug store in State street—one north of the Court House, west of Hartford Bank, which was the first ever built in the city. Mr. M. related the following anecdote related by a Frenchman while the building was going up. The Frenchman passing it, remarked, "that house will stand a thousand years." "How do you know," says one who heard the remark. "You see if it don't" was the reply. This venerable relic of former times, continued his story, I well remember when there were not more than three or four merchants in Hartford. Caleb Bull, and Capt. Hopkins were the principal merchants there in 1770. But it is the citizen and soldier in Mr. Munsel that claim our attention. As a neighbor and citizen, no one could be more perfectly honest or purely benevolent. Some account of his recollections of the revolution was published in the Supplement for April 3rd, 1841. In this published account he gives a statement of his toils and sacrifices to help forward the revolution, the good cause of liberty. To this statement the reader is referred for further particulars. Mr. Munsel, from his youth was fond of reading, and with his memory profited by what he read. He always read the Connecticut Courant, for in 1775 and previous to that time it was the only newspaper printed in Hartford. He says, by reading that, my mind was principally prepared to repel British invasion. Gov Trumbull's letters to Gen. Gage before the revolution commenced, had a powerful influence on his mind, and prepared him for the scenes which followed and in which he took an active part.
He has said to the writer, most of the inhabitants now living in Massachusetts and Connecticut can hardly conceive of the spirit of indignation which was enkindled in the community at the news of the march of the British troops from Boston to Concord, and the consequent battle at Lexington, in April, 1775. Mr. Munsel with others marched on the reception of this news to Roxbury and vicinity, prepared to repel the foreign enemy. Then commenced a series of events which have not yet unfolded but in part which are destined ere long to claim the attention of the inhabitants of earth. Munsel then in the 23d year of his age, felt that the cause of colonies—the cause in which they were struggling was the cause of humanity, of liberty, and the cause of God.
In the war of Independence he was out in four campaigns, the longest was seven months, which was during the year 1776. He was in the battle on Long Island;
and one fact the writer of this sketch wishes to have remembered. A certain writer says of that battle, "Washington never left his saddle during the day."—"I saw" he says, "Washington on his feet, and he walked along the lines where the regiment to which I belonged was stationed, and gave his orders in person to the colonel." When the old gentleman had placed the facts of an event in his mind thus and so, to succeed in finding him to be wrong, was a hard task. Like other revolutionary soldiers he had the highest veneration for Washington. When Washington and his army retreated from New York to Harlem heights, the evening previous our soldier was set as sentinel at the southern part of the fortification. He was relieved at the proper hour.—Early next morning he was stationed as sentinel in the same place; in this situation his life was greatly endangered, for one of the enemy's ships were firing their stern guns on the guard and on that part of the fortification where he was stationed. One of his comrades seeing the army retreating, said to him "Munsel what shall we do;" he replied, "we must stay here till we die for ought I know." Soon the enemy were seen marching into the upper part of the fortification a mile from them; and one of the sentinels said, Munsel the guard has gone.—They then left in pursuit of the army. This was probably as great personal danger as he was ever exposed to in the war. He was in the army in Sept. 1780, when Arnold was making his league as traitor. Nothing of any marked interest occurred in this campaign to him. He was often called to go as teamster in those days to different parts of the country, which and other tours he had taken since then, made him acquainted with more of the country than many men in his calling and circumstances. He was one of the plain yeomanry of New-England.
The number of old Revolutionary Patriots and Sages is fast diminishing; soon it will be true, no one living can say, "I stood by the side of Washington and saw him in battle." Very soon no living man can be found that will say, "I fought with Washington in the Revolution." When one and another and still another of the revolutionary heroes, and sages depart; when they cease to mingle in the scenes of earth, shall not the living recall their virtues, and register their names. It appears to the writer very desirable that the detached fragments of our history, as they fall from the lips of the surviving sages and heroes of the revolution should be collected and published; that in this manner the present generation may be better able to appreciate what our liberty cost.
OLE BULL.
The Boston Atlas gives the following description of the astonishing performances of this great master of the violin, at an instrumental concert in Boston last week:
At the close of the Overture, the great master came forward to the platform. He was received with the fullest demonstration of respect and enthusiasm. When the deafening reception was concluded, he commenced his first piece, a Concerto in A. in three parts: Allegro Maestoso , Adagio Sentimentale , and Rondo Pastorale , a composition of Ole Bull. His manner, free from all parade and ostentation, is remarkable for simplicity.—The Concerto, although not so popularly effective as some other performances, had some good points. A succession of double shakes was made with great purity and evenness. The succession of double staccatos, with up bow and down bow, was also admirably given. This was a novel point, and even to have accomplished it passably well would be creditable. The bird notes were surpassingly beautiful. A passage played on the bass string alone had the effect of a full, mellow voice at his devotions, and this succeeded by a passage of harmony on the other strings was the united response of a congregation of worshippers. This was a picture presented to fancy, and it was a beautiful piece of musical coloring.

His second piece was the 'Carnival of Venice,' composed by Paganini. This highly wrought and capricious music was best adapted to popular admiration. In playing an accompaniment to the air, an invention of the modern school, the union of difficulty and gracefulness was fully marked. Perhaps the elaborate passage, resembling the angry voice of a man, and the grieved and tremulous voice of a woman, was the most popular and captivating. And this may be inferred from the fact that the performer was highly applauded for it.
At the close of the 'Carnival,' Mr. Bull was loudly called for. He returned, and expressed his thanks in nearly these words:—'Ladies and Gentlemen, if it was in my power, I would tell my gratitude to you. But whatever shall happen to me in my life, I shall never forget your kindness.' He then played, without accompaniment, 'Hail Columbia,' succeeded by 'Yankee Doodle,' both with variations. The particular feature of this performance was, that both were played on the four strings simultaneously.
His third piece was Adagio Religioso , or a Mother's Prayer, composed by himself. A beautiful piece of art this, to the musician, was probably the most satisfactory. It had a simple, subdued accompaniment, and it was plain enough that in this, the performer relied on the purity of his tone, united with appropriate expression. There was little or nothing of ornament. It must have been highly satisfactory to a chaste and sensitive ear.
His last performance was the 'Polacca Guerriera,' composed by himself. In this was introduced a novelty of arpeggios , of nine tones, the arpeggios being played as accompaniment to a bass melody. This singularly constructed music seemed to give some little embarrassment to the orchestra, but they went through it with credit. At the termination of the bill, he was again called out and under evident embarrassment endeavored to express his feelings. Holding up his violin he said:—'Ladies and Gentlemen, I wish my violin could speak. It would tell you the thanks of my heart.' He then played, without accompaniment, a fine introduction, followed by 'The last Rose of Summer.' A beautiful variation was made in double flageolet tones, excellently presented. His diminuendo was one of the fine things of the evening. There was breathless silence throughout the house, and when he terminated the motion of the bow at an inaudible point, the applause was immense.
It was surprising to listen to the correctness of his four string playing. Performance on three strings was frequent. His staccato runs combining the down-bow notes with the up-bow, was a particular feature. A very long piccato passage, followed by rapid runs in double stops, was also noticeable.
Who can trace the lightning's course, as it flashes in terror on the beholder, or gives its fitful glimmer on the distant cloud? Who can paint the whirling storm-cloud as it rushes in fearful majesty, across the heavens, or throws back its lovely colors, at the setting sun? Who can describe the fickle wind, that prostrates the mighty oak, in its terrific passage, or sighs onward in the breath of summer?—Who then shall tell of the beautiful creations and existences rising, in quick succession, at the bidding of the master mind presiding over the lovely but intangible forms of music?
Mrs. Child, in a letter to the Boston Courier, gives the following glowing description of Ole Bull's performances in New York:
When urged to join the throng, who are following this Star of the North, I coolly replied, 'I never like lions; moreover, I am too ignorant of music to appreciate his skill.' But when I heard this man, I at once recognized a power that transcends science, and which mere skill may toil after in vain. I had no need of knowledge to feel this subtle influence, any more than I needed to study optics to perceive the beauty of the rainbow. It overcame me like a miracle. I felt that my soul was
for the first time, baptised to music; that my spiritual relations were somehow changed by it, and that I should henceforth be otherwise than I had been. I was so oppressed with 'the exceeding weight of glory,' that I drew my breath with difficulty. As I came out of the building, the street sounds hurt me with their harshness. The sight of ragged boys and importunate coachmen jarred more than ever on my feelings; I wanted that the angels that had ministered to my spirit should attune theirs also; it seemed to me as if such music should bring all the world into the harmonious beauty of divine order. I passed by my earthly home, and knew it not; for my spirit seemed to be floating through infinite space. Afterward, I felt like a person who had been in a trance, seen heaven opened, and then returned to earth again.
This doubtless appears very excessive in one who has passed the enthusiasm of youth, with a frame too healthy and substantial to be conscious of nerves, and with a mind instinctively opposed to lion worship. In truth, it seems wonderful to myself; but so it was. Like a romantic girl of sixteen, I would pick up the broken strings of his violin, and wear it as a relict, with a half superstitious feeling that some mysterious melody lay hidden within.
I know not whether others were as powerfully wrought upon as myself; for my whole being passed into my ear, and the faces around me were invisible.—But the exceeding stillness showed that the spirits of the multitude bowed down before the magician. While he was playing, the dropping of a pin might have been heard; and when he closed, the tremendous burst of applause told how the hearts of thousands leaped up like one.
His personal appearance increased the charm. He is by no means what the ladies call a handsome man; but he looks pure natural, vigorous yet gentle, like Adam in Paradise. His inspired soul dwells in a healthy body and looks out with wondrous intensity from the depths of his plaintive, earnest eye. The religious sentiment must be strong in his nature; for Teutonic reverence, mingled with impassioned aspiration, shines through his honest northern face, and runs like electricity through all his music, I speak of him as he appears while he and his violin converse together. When not playing, there is nothing observable in his appearance, except genuine health, the unconscious calmness of strength in repose, and the most unaffected simplicity of dress and manner. But when he takes his violin, and holds it so caressingly to his ear, to catch the faint vibration of its strings, it seems as if the angels were whispering to him; and as his fingers sweep across the strings, they pass into his soul, give him their tones, and look out from his eyes, with the deep, wondrous beauty of prophecy. His motions sway gracefully to the music like a tree in the winds; for soul and body chord. In fact, 'his soul is but a harp, which an infinite breath modulates; his senses are but strings, which weave the passing air into rhythm and cadence.'
Ole Bull was educated for the ministry, but afterwards studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He is said to be a man of literature and taste. The story of his poverty in Paris, of his being robbed of everything except his genius; of his throwing himself into the Seine, in the desperation of loneliness and despair, is all true. Luckily he was rescued. A poor widow, who saw in him the likeness of a son recently dead, opened to him her house and heart. She tended him like a mother; her daughter watched over him like a sister, and at last betrayed that she loved him with more than a sister's love. He borrowed a violin, and as soon as he could earn a little money he married her to whom he owed such depth of gratitude. His wife and two children are now living in Norway, where he has a handsome estate. He travelled from Paris to Italy, where
*William Story's Address before the Musical Association.
the star of his first fame rose resplendent. He was at Bologna, trying to compose a piece of music in sadness and tears. Madame Rossini chanced to pass by his humble apartment and was fascinated by the sounds. The director of the Philharmonic Society was in distress, in consequence of the failure of a promise from De Barriot and Malibran. Madame Rossini informed him of the treasure she had discovered. Ole Bull was received with great eclat, and from that time has played to overflowing houses, in the principal cities of France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Russia, Sweden, Norway and England. He came to us because he wanted a new world to conquer—because genius craves to pour itself upon the sympathies of the universe—to give itself out like the sunbeams. His reception in New York has exceeded all preceding stars. His first audiences were beside themselves with delight, and the orchestra threw down their instruments, in extatic wonder. Familiarity with his performances brings less excitement, but I think more pleasure.
POWERS, THE SCULPTOR.
AMUSING ANECDOTE.—A friend of ours, a gentleman who spent a part of the past winter in Italy has related to us a capital anecdote which was told by Powers while a party of Americans were whiling away an evening at his house in Florence. The great sculptor is said to be a born wag, and tells a Yankee story in a style that not even Marble or Hill can ever hope to imitate. We know that the anecdote must suffer in our hands; yet we shall attempt to give it as nearly as possible in the words of the artist.
A few months since, said Powers, I received a letter, post-marked at Leghorn, which proved to be the commencement of a correspondence from an eccentric genius that I had never seen or heard of before. The old gentleman, for such I knew him to be by his style and penmanship, wrote me that he had experienced a very tedious passage from Boston, was dreadful sea-sick on the voyage, had a gale of wind every few days, stated how many fellow passengers he had, how many ropes had been broken, how he had fared, &c. &c., and all this in the plainest, simplest and most unsophisticated style, and with as much freedom and familiarity as though he had been my father, and I must necessarily feel a deep interest in every incident of his travels.
A few days afterwards I received another letter, in which he told me all that had occurred to him since he landed in Italy, and stating, three or four times before he concluded, that he had written to me a few days before! He informed me also that he would be at Florence in a few days, when he hoped to have the pleasure of seeing me "face to face." He thought, however, that this pleasure might possibly be delayed a few weeks for he was of half a mind to go down to Rome and Naples before he visited me.
Three days afterward I received a third letter from my unknown friend, in which he said he was sorry to inform me that he had fully determined to go to the south of Italy, repeatedly dwelling upon his regret that he could not come 'straight' to see me and at the same time informing me that he was 'pretty well off in the world,' having made 'as much as he should want by trading in Boston,' and having 'no chick nor child to cry for bread.' In each of the two latter epistles he was careful to advert to the previous communications, and to recapitulate all that he had said in them, in a style not much unlike that for which Mr. Slick is so notorious, and in a hand-writing which required all my powers (and I have a family of some five or six) to decipher.
But the most amusing things in the last letter were the nota bene and postscript with which, by-the-way they all more or less abounded. And having made two or three at the foot of the third letter, the old gentleman could not put it into the post without adding two or three more on the back after it was sealed. Those on the back ran thus:—

'N. B. I think after all I shall see you in a few days.'
'P. S. If I do not see you, I will write to you.'
'P. S. again. If you should not hear from me in a month you may conclude that I have gone to the Holy Land.'
Well, continued Powers, in his peculiarly humorous and happy manner, while I did not complain at paying postage on the old gentleman's letters, I must confess that I was rather pleased at the idea that he was probably on his way to Jerusalem, for he did not seem to need any of my assistance in anything, and the information which he communicated, had not aided me much in my profession, producing always a degree of excitement in the risible faculties too immoderate to be beneficial.
Some two months afterwards, while occupied, chisel in hand, over some of the finishing traces of my favorite 'Eve,' an old gentleman, with a slouched hat and a pepper and salt coat with heavy, sagging pockets at the sides, entered my studio, and took a seat upon a block of marble. I made him my best bow, invited him to a chair, and continued my work. He then pulled a corn-cob out of one pocket and a barrel of a goose-quill out of the other, and inserting the latter into the former asked me if I ever smoked. On being answered in the negative, he said, 'I always smoke when I can get a chance'; and, raking a brimstone match along the bottom of his left shoe, set fire to the tobacco with which he had loaded his pipe, and began puffing away like a steamboat. After sitting and smoking for about a quarter of an hour, he stood up, and looking me full in the face, asked, with a genuine 'Down-East' drawl—
'Is your name Powers?'
'That is my name, sir.'
'What! Hiram Powers?'
'The same, sir—your humble servant.'
'Wal, you're the very man I wanted to see—I've writ you three letters.'
'I am aware of that, sir—I received them.'
'I'm from Boston myself, and I b'lieve you are from them are parts somewhere; and bein' as you was the only American I had heard of here in Italy, I just thought I would write you a letter when I got to shore. I am very sorry that I couldn't get here before, but there was no help for it.'
I assured him that it afforded me great pleasure to meet him, and offered my services for any purpose that he might please to command them. He repeated verbally what he had before written—that he had 'made as much as he should want by trading in Boston,' was 'pretty well off in the world,' and had 'no chick nor child to cry for bread.' He seemed to be pleased with the figures and busts around him, making the most particular inquiries about every piece.
'What is that one?' he asked.
'That is my Greek slave.'
'Du tell! Did you ever see a Greek slave?'
'I have, and have endeavored faithfully to represent one in that figure.'
'It is a great pity that so pretty a woman should be in chains. And what is this—this 'ere small figure of a boy, with a conkshell at his ear and a fisherman's seine in his hand?'
'This is my Fisher boy—an ideal figure, illustrative of the beautiful superstition among Eastern fishermen, that they can tell whether the storm is approaching by holding to their ear the sea shell.'
'Why he really looks like a live feller a listin'—And what is that 'ere you're at work on?'
'This is intended to represent Eve, holding in her hand the forbidden fruit.'
'Wal, it's my opinion, Mr. Powers, that all these statys, as you call 'em, would look a good deal better if they had some clothes on.'
'But you must confess they would not look so natural.'
'O yes; but what's the price of that are piece of statuary you are making there?'
'It should be worth from four to five thousand dollars, I think.'
'What! five thousand dollars for that are: I had thought I should buy me a piece of statuary before I go home, but that's out of the question! Haz'nt statuary riz lately? How's paintins here now?'
I informed him that I hadn't noticed any 'sudden change in the market,' when he replied that I was a 'leetle too hard' for him, and bade me good morning.—Whether he purchased any statuary or paintings before leaving for home I did not learn. He was so astonished at my price for Eve, that a period was put to our correspondence.
Such is the story which we have undertaken to give our readers second hand from the great sculptor. There is no American residing abroad who is prouder of his country and its institutions than Powers, and he would be the last to say a disparaging word against one of his own countrymen to foreigners. Nevertheless, being himself a Yankee boy, he enjoys a Yankee story with great relish, and never fails to entertain a company of American friends with more or less of his New England anecdotes, and stories of New England characters.—N. O. Picayune.
MALTE BRUN ON EARTHQUAKES.
A late number of the Philadelphia Inquirer contains the following translation from a French work, by Malte Brun:
'There is a dreadful phenomenon intimately connected with volcanic eruptions—earthquakes, those convulsive movements which shake the surface of the earth, whether in a horizontal direction, with undulations similar to those of the sea; or vertically, when a part of the ground is raised up, and the other part sinks down as into a gulf; or circularly, when ponderous masses of rocks and earth revolve, as it were, on a pivot.'
There are three kinds of motion distinguished by Italian writers who are well acquainted with these phenomena.
Earthquakes produce the most calamitous effects.—They often change the surface of a country in such a manner that it is difficult to recognize it.
Enormous gaps appear to discover to the eyes of the living the empire of the shades. These fissures emit blueish flames and deadly vapors; in the course of ages they form new valleys. In other places mountains are swallowed up or overthrown: often detached from one another, they glide along upon the lower ground, and as the force with which they are impelled redoubles at every moment, these ambulatory rocks bound over both valleys and hills. Here the vineyard descends from its height and settles in the midst of fields of corn; there, farms with their gardens, lifted without separating, become attached to distant villages. In one quarter, new lakes are formed in the midst of the earth; in another, rocks hitherto invisible, suddenly rear their wet summits from the bosom of the foaming sea. Springs are dried up, rivers disappear and lose themselves underground; others chocked up by fragments of rocks, spread out into vast marshes. New springs gush out from the shattered sides of the mountain; incipient rivers struggle with youthful impetuosity, and endeavor to hollow out a channel for themselves amid the ruins of cities, palaces and temples. What makes earthquakes still more dreadful, is, that there are no signs which unequivocally indicate either their approach or their termination. They happen at all seasons, and under every constitution of the atmosphere. A subterraneous noise indeed is their infallible fore-runner; but it is scarcely heard before the earth gives way. Animals, particularly horses, dogs, and fowls, show by their terror a presentiment of their coming. The barometer falls extremely low.
Earthquakes act with astonishing rapidity. It was one single shock, which on the 5th of February, 1783, overthrew Calabria and destroyed Messina in less than
two minutes. But these agitations are sometimes repeated for the space of months and whole years, as in 1755.
The direction of earthquakes is one of the most remarkable freaks in physical geography. Sometimes we remark a central point where the shocks are most violent, and this centre sometimes changes its place, as if the subterraneous force rebounded from one point to another; sometimes we can distinguish a certain line along which this force seems to move. The sphere of such a revolution seems often to embrace a fourth part of the terrestrial globe. The earthquake which caused such devastations at Lisbon was felt in Greenland, in the East Indies, in Norway and in Africa. That of 1601 shook all Europe and a part of Asia.
In 1803 the shock was felt almost simultaneously at Algiers, in Greece, at Constantinople, Bukarest, Kiow, and Moscow.
No part of the globe appears to be exempted from their terrible effects. The Alps contain no trace of a volcanic agency, and yet they are often shaken by earthquakes. The silver mine at Konigsberg in Norway, was first opened up to view by a shock in 1603. Even the frozen zone is subject to earthquakes. Greenland feels frequent shocks; and in 1758 Lapland experienced a violent commotion.
The sea often, but not always, shares in the convulsions of the earth. In 1755 the waters of the Tagus rose suddenly to 30 feet above their ordinary level, and retired immediately with such force, that the middle of the river was observed to be dry. Four minutes afterwards the same phenomenon recurred, and it was three times repeated.
Similar motions occurred the same day at Madeira, at Guadaloupe, and at Martinique. In the earthquake which proved destructive to Lima in 1746, the ocean had a movement of the same nature; but proportionate to the mass of water which was thrown into agitation, it rushed forward upon the land for a space of several leagues. All the large vessels which were in the port of Callao were swallowed up; all the small craft were driven beyond the town.
Navigators assure us, that ships are very often dreadfully tossed by a sudden and convulsive motion in the sea, very similar to those which shake the land. These are from agitations of the earth. At other times, they are the effect of submarine shocks in the very bottom of the ocean.
The causes of these catastrophes are not well ascertained. It appears that there are several concurring causes of a very different nature. Some slight shocks arise, without doubt, from fallings in of the ground and subterraneous sinkings, which take place after great draughts. At other times, the shocks may be produced by the terrestrial atmospheric electricity, which seeks to recover its equilibrium. These phenomena, the reality of which can scarcely be contested, depend upon the temporary constitution of the seasons.
The most generally received opinion attributes earthquakes to elastic vapors, enclosed in subterraneous cavities; whether they arise from the abundance of ruin collected in the craters of volcanoes, or are disengaged from the inflammable substances with which the subterraneous rivers or waters of the sea come in contact, or finally, are extricated by the fermentation of that subterraneous fluid, which Deluc supposes to be the residue of the mother waters of the globe. These vapors become dilated by heat, and seeking an outlet they raise up or shake the earth.
If this last hypothesis be true, as many circumstances lead us to suppose, the Japanese have not been wrong in saying that it is a great submarine dragon which raises up the earth by its breathing. A similar tradition prevails in the mythology of the Scandinavians. It is probably in allusion to this, that Homer has given to Neptune the epithet of Ennosigaios, that is, he who shakes the earth."

Annual Report of the Commissioner of Patents.
The last annual report of the Hon. Henry L. Ellsworth, Commissioner of Patents, is a valuable document. It covers 335 large octavo pages, closely printed, and should be in the hands of every farmer, mechanic and manufacturer in the country. There were granted in 1843 no less than 531 new patents, and 446 expired during the same time. The applications for patents during the same period numbered 819. The whole number of patents issued by the United States up to the commencement of the present year, was 13,523.—The receipts of the Patent Office during 1843 were $35,315; the expenditures $24,750; the sum returned to persons making application, whose claims to patents were denied, $5,26. There were expended during the year for the restoration of models, records, and drawings destroyed by the burning of the old Patent Office, $4,586.
The Report estimates the present population of the United States at 19,183,583; increase since 1840, 2,114,130 souls.
A full account is given of a process, hitherto a secret, by which Butter may be kept for years, fresh and sweet, in any climate, which we subjoin:
It has been discovered that most kinds of wood contain considerable quantities of pyroligneous acid, which decomposes salt in butter kept in such tubs. The linden, or bass wood, is the only one which, it appears by careful experiment, is free from it; others, it is stated, may be freed from it, and thus rendered suitable, by boiling three or four hours, well pressed under water.
Much importance has always been attached to the preparing of butter, so that it will keep on board of ships at sea, and in warm climates. A simple process is now practised, which is to have good butter well churned, and worked and packed hard and tight in kegs of seasoned white oak; the head is then put in, leaving a small hole into which brine is poured to fill the vacant space; and of so much importance is it deemed, to prevent any bad taste, that the plugs for the hole must not be made of cedar or pine, but of cypress or bass wood, as otherwise it would be injured. After which, these kegs are placed in hogsheads well filled with brine of full solution, that will bear an egg, which is then headed up tight and close. The importance of this subject may be estimated from the fact that, as it appears, the standing contracts for butter, in our navy, that will keep at sea, are twenty-six cents per pound, and for cheese twenty cents per pound. It is now put up of good dairies in Orange County, and keeps perfectly.
The Appendix to the Report contains a letter addressed to Mr. Ellsworth by G. Fox, Esq. a merchant of Hartford, Conn. corroborating the above.
Accounts are also given of many new and valuable plants, and improved varieties of grains, grasses, &c., which possess no ordinary interest for the farmer.—Twelve thousand packages of seeds were distributed from the Patent Office during the last year, "and when we recollect," remarks the report, "that the improvement of ten per cent. by the selection of seeds would increase the value of the agricultural products of this country $30,000,000 annually, the attempt thus far made by this office must be deemed a good beginning for still more extended benefits."
Mr. Ellsworth makes mention of a hardy kind of rice which flourishes on the edge of the snows of the Himalaya mountains, and states that he has ordered some of the seed, which he hopes to receive before long for distribution. The opinion is now entertained both in Europe and in this country that upland rice may be raised wherever Indian corn will ripen.
A very interesting account is given of an extraordinary grain called the multicolle rye, raised in the west of France, the prolific qualities of which almost exceed belief. A few bushels of imported by Mr. E. have been distributed.
The Report remarks that 'the advancement of the arts from year to year taxes our credulity, and seems to pre-sage the arrival of that period when human improvements must end.' We annex a few extracts from the Report respecting a few of the most important improvements and inventions of the past year:
In the operation of new furnaces recently erected in the Patent Office to warm it a curious effect is produced by particular ventilation, and deserves remark. Ventilation is often obtained through the ceiling only; but so far as it respects rooms heated by hot air furnaces only, this method is an incorrect one. If the temperature of the different parts of the room is tested by a thermometer, it will be found that the upper part heats first; and if no outlet is given, the draught of hot air ceases, the room being filled. Let an aperture be made at the top of the room, and the warm air instantly escapes; but if an opening is made near the floor the cold air within the room passes out, and the warm air descends to fill the space. An experiment, proving this, was tried in drying clothes in a room without ventilation, heated by air furnaces; the clothes that were in the upper part of the room dried well, while those in the lower part still continued moist. As soon, however, as an aperture was made for ventilation below a draught was given to the furnace, the cold air expelled, and the clothes dried rapidly. The public will thus see how easily a serious difficulty in heating rooms may be overcome.
Some facts have been collected respecting plank roads. By means of a preparation, by exhausting the air, and then infusing sulphate of iron or other substances into pores of wood for rail roads, it is said the wood has been rendered so hard that the iron wheel of the car leaves no trace after more than a year's use of this 'metallic' wood.
By a valuable machine, with ten yoke of oxen and five hands a ditch of suitable depth for draining lands, (14 inches deep, and 28 inches wide at the top,) ten miles may be excavated in one day, at an expense by contract of not more than three cents per rod. A larger machine with a greater number of oxen, will excavate a ditch three feet deep. The great importance of such an instrument on the prairies of the West will at once be seen and acknowledged.
The rapid improvements of the arts may be accounted for the reduction of price as to many articles of manufacture, and especially in some that are usually ranked among the necessaries of life. Individuals now in Congress can recollect of having, thirty years since, purchased shirtings at 62½ cents per yard, who the last year have bought that which was equally good for 11 cents a yard only.
Hosiery, too, is now made in this country with astonishing rapidity, by the aid of the power weaving loom—an American invention, and which has not yet been introduced into England. While there is a full day's work to knit by hand two pairs of drawers, a girl here (at $2,50 cents per week) will make, by the power loom twenty pairs in the same time. A piece 28 inches in width, and 1 inch long, can be knit in one minute.
The expense of manufacturing this article has thus been reduced to about one tenth of the former method by hand looms. The importance of this improvement may be estimated from the fact that the quantity of hosiery used in the United States is valued at $2,500,000; and the stockings, woven shirts, and drawers made in this country at $500,000.
The little article of hooks and eyes is another illustration of the same progress of inventive industry. Thirty years ago, the price was $1.50 the gross pairs; now, the same quantity may be purchased from 15 to 20 cents. At one establishment in New Britain, Conn., 80,000 to 100,000 pairs per day are made and plated by a galvanic battery, or the cold silver process. The value of this article consumed in a year in this country is said to be $750,000.
Another article very essential to the husbandman; horse shoes, furnishes a similar proof of the bearings of the progress of inventions. An improved kind of horse shoes made at Troy, N. Y., for some time past, is now sold at the price of only five cents per pound, ready prepared, in be used in shoeing the animal. At a factory recently erected, fifty tons of these are now turned out per day; and it is thought they can be made and sent to Europe as at good a profit, as is derived from American blocks, which have handsomely remunerated the exporter.
LUDICROUS POLITENESS.
Insincerity and extravagant adulation often betray people into uttering the most ridiculous absurdities quite unintentionally. A great man, addressing the House of Lords, said 'It is my most painful duty to inform your Lordships that it has pleased the Almighty to release the King from sufferings.' This was equivalent to saying that he was sorry the King's sufferings were over. A maid of honor, in France being asked the hour by her royal mistress, obsequiously replied, 'What your Majesty pleases;' an answer even less definite than that of the cow-boy, who, after looking up at the town clock, said it was 'only half an inch past eight.' A nurse wishing to give a very polite answer to a gentleman who inquired after the health of a sick baby entrusted to her care, said, 'Oh, sir, I flatter myself the child is going to die.' A nobleman told a visitor that he had been talking to him in a dream. 'Pardon me,' replied the other, 'I really did not hear you.' A lady of rank, having had the professional services of a village piper at a little fete which she had given on her estate, received the following ridiculously civil note from him:—'Your ladyship's pardon, for my boldness in thus applying for payment would be almost a sufficient compensation for the labor of your humble piper, Patrick Walsh.' Lord Clarendon in his essay on the decay of respect paid to old age, says, that, in his younger days, he never kept his hat on before those older than himself, except at dinner. In the present day, the wearing of it at dinner would be thought more disrespectful than at any other time. George IV, when Prince of Wales, used to return the bows of all persons in the streets except beggars. He justified this omission by remarking, that to return a beggar's bow without giving him anything would be a mockery, and to stop for the purpose of bestowing a sixpence would seem ostentatious in a prince. Sir Robert Graham being apprised that he had, by mistake, pronounced sentence of transportation on a criminal who had been found guilty of a capital offence, desired the man to be again placed in the dock, and hastily putting on the black cap, he said, 'Prisoner at the bar' I beg your pardon, and then passed on him the awful sentence of death. A country carpenter having neglected to make a gallows that had been ordered to be erected by a certain day, the judge himself went to the man, and said, 'Fellow, how came you to neglect making the gibbet that I ordered?' Without intending any sarcasm, the man replied, 'I am very sorry; for had I known it was for your lordship, it should have been done immediately.'—While an officer was bowing a cannon ball passed over his head and decapitated a soldier who stood behind him. 'You see,' said the officer to those near him, 'that a man never loses by politeness.' Napoleon's hat having fallen off, a young lieutenant stepped forward, picked it up, and presented it to him. 'Thank you, captain,' said the emperor, inadvertently. 'In what regiment sire?' inquired the sub, quick as lightning. Napoleon smiled, and forthwith promoted the witty youth to a captaincy. Notwithstanding the fury with which the battle of Fontenoy was contested, it began with a great show of civility, Lord Charles Hay, a captain of the English guards, advanced before the ranks, and Count 'Auteroche, a lieutenant of grenadiers in the French guards, stepped forward to meet him. 'Fire! gentlemen of the French guards!' exclaimed the English captain. 'No, my lord,'

replied the French lieutenant, 'we never fire first.' This reminds us of an anecdote told of Curran, who being called out to give satisfaction to a peer for some imaginary offence, was told by his antagonist to fire first, which he declined, saying 'As you gave the invitation, I beg you will open the ball.' At the battle of Trafalgar, a generous British sailor, seeing a brother tar bleeding profusely from a severe wound, ran to his assistance. He had no sooner raised him from the deck on which he fell than the wounded man said, 'Thank you, Jack; and, please God, I'll do the same for you before the fight's over.'— Chamber's Edinburgh Jour.
WONDERFUL CLOCK.
The Rev. Mr. Turnbull, pastor of the Harvard street Church, Boston, wrote a letter during his recent tour in Europe, to the members of the Sabbath School connected with his congregation, in which he gave an interesting account of a wonderful work of art. After introducing the letter, he proceeds as follows:—
'There is no subject that I can think of which will be so likely to interest you as the great astronomical clock, which I saw the other day in the Cathedral at Strasburg. This Cathedral by the way, is one of the finest and oldest in Europe. It is very large and its tower or steeple is the highest in the world. It is twenty-four feet higher than the great pyramid in Egypt, one hundred and forty feet higher than St. Paul's in London, and three or four times higher than the old South Church in Boston. The astronomical clock stands in the inside, in one corner of it, and is a most imposing and beautiful edifice. Five or six hundred people visit it every day at 12 o'clock, when it performs some extraordinary feats, which I shall mention presently, and several millions in the course of the year. There have been two or three clocks in the same place, upon the model of which the present one is formed; but it is almost a new one, and was constructed by a mechanic whose name was Schwilgue, in 1838, to whom a nocturnal fete or festival was given by his fellow citizens on the occasion of its completion.'
To give you some idea of the size of this clock, I will compare it with some other things with which you are familiar, instead of saying that it is so many feet high, and so many feet wide, &c. Well then, you remember the size of the Post Office in Washington street. It is as high as that, and about as wide, or at least nearly so. Its top would reach to the very summit of our meeting house and its front would go about half across the front of the meeting house. On the top of it is a figure of the prophet Isaiah, about as large as life; on its two sides are a couple of stairs to go up into it. Its front is beautifully painted, and has places upon which the hours of the day, the days of the week, the revolutions of the stars, the motions of the sun in the ecliptic, the days of the month, the seasons of the year, the phases of the sun and moon, and a great many other things are indicated. Here also, in niches prepared for them, are moveable images of the Saviour and his twelve apostles: Death and Time with his scythe; the four ages of human life, and several other forms which I cannot mention.
To give you a little further idea of its magnitude, let me say that there are means of going inside of it, and that some ten or fifteen people, perhaps more might stand together in its very heart and examine the machinery. Mr. Neale, two other gentlemen and myself, with the conductor, went into it and spent about an hour there. We went first into a lower, then into a higher, and then still higher apartment of it, and saw the various parts of the machinery, consisting, I should think, of more than a thousand pieces splendidly polished, and all dependent for the harmonious action upon the short, thick brass pendulum which swings in the centre.
But I must tell you what this clock does. It not only
points out the hours and the days, the times and the seasons, but the revolutions of the stars, the solar and lunar equations, the conjunctions and the eclipses of the heavenly bodies, their positions at any given time, and various changes through which they pass for thousands of years. It points out apparent time, mean, or real time, and ecclesiastical time. On its face you see the motion of the stars, of the sun and planets, of the moon and her satellites. Two little cherubs, who sit, one on one side, the other on the other, strike the quarters of the hour—Death strikes the hour with a mace,—while four figures pass and repass before him, representing the various stages of human life. At 12 o'clock every day, when Death strikes 12 the apostles, who are represented each with the badge of his martyrdom, come out from the clock and pass before the image of the Saviour, bowing as they pass, and receiving his benediction, which he gives with a movement of the hand. When the Apostle Peter makes his appearance a gilded cock, which is perched on one side of the clock, flaps his wings, raises his head, and crows so long and so loud as to make the whole Cathedral ring again.—This he repeats three times in memorial of the cock that crowed three times before the fall of Peter, during the crucifixion of our Saviour. Of course the cock makes no further noise or motion till the next day at 12 o'clock, when he repeats the same loud and startling crow, flapping his wings and raising his head.
BUTTER. —The Goshen butter, in the State of New York, is celebrated all over the country, and the following account is given of one of the most celebrated dairies there. The cows are "regularly salted and kept in good pasture during the summer; in the winter, each cow is kept in a stall, with a separate door to it, in a building two sides of a square, round a large yard; the upper story of the building is appropriated for fodder and hay. The cows are brought up to the yard night and morning, and regularly milked. The outer paling of the yard is 50 feet from the house; here, opposite the farm house, is placed a tunnel, into which the milk is poured as fast as a pailful is obtained from the cows. A short perpendicular tin pipe connects the tunnel with a horizontal one which is buried two feet under ground, out of the way of the frost, and leads into the cellar of the house. When the milking is going on, a woman stands in the cellar with supply pans placed under the end of this horizontal tube, which, as fast as filled, she sets away on the cellar bottom. Here the milk stands till lopped and soured, as it is said to make more butter in this state than any other, and of a better quality. In this state it is poured, cream, and all, into churns which hold a barrel each. If the weather be cool, and the milk not sufficiently warm to come readily, a can is filled with hot water, and this is placed in the milk in the churn, and stirred about till it reaches a temperature of 55 to 60 degrees." Water power is preferred for churning to any other, as it is more regular. "When the butter has come, the power is stopped, and a pump rigged into the churn; the handle of which is attached to the power, and the buttermilk pumped into a reservoir just outside of the cellar, standing on a level with the ground. From this the buttermilk is conducted by a tin pipe of about 100 feet to another reservoir close by the piggery from which it is dipped out in buckets, and fed to the pigs. After being churned, the butter is thoroughly washed with cold water; if this be not done, it is difficult to get the buttermilk clean out of it. As soon as cool and solid, the butter is taken on a marble or smooth stone table, properly salted with clean, fine salt, and worked over thoroughly with a wooden ladle or spatula—the hand never being allowed to touch the butter, as, from its heat, it softens it." After being thoroughly worked, the butter is placed in firkins of seasoned white oak. The firkin previous to packing, is well washed with cold water and then rubbed all around with salt, to
prevent the butter adhering to its sides. It is put down in layers as churned, 3 or 4 inches deep.
When the firkin is filled, a linen cloth is placed over the top of the butter; on this, half an inch of salt; to which is added a little water, to form a brine. The cellar is considered very important; it should be seven feet deep—eighteen inches of which, at the top, should be allowed for ventilation; the windows to be covered with very fine wire gauze, to let in the air and keep out the insects; the walls to be stone and pointed, the floor of slabs.
AN ANECDOTE OF A QUAKER. —The following incident is related in the course of an article in the last number of Frazer's Magazine :
We once heard an anecdote of a Quaker of the ancient city of N——. His wealth is incredible, and the liberality with which he dispenses it is not less so. He received one day a letter from America, from a gentleman of whom he had never heard, requesting a loan of £1,000. The writer stated that he also was a member of the Society of Friends, that he intended with this money to enter into a commercial speculation in which he was confident of success, and that, knowing Mr. ——'s great wealth, he had determined on applying to him. Struck with the singularity of this extraordinary request, and no doubt influenced by the ties of sect which prevail so strongly in that society, Mr. —— allowed his liberality so far to prevail over his habits of business as to grant half the request. "The rest the winds dispersed in empty air." He authorized the applicant to draw upon him for £500. The draft was paid, and nothing more passed for three years. At the end of that time Mr. —— thought he would ask for his money. He wrote to America reminding the other of the debt, hoped his speculation had been successful, and trusted that he would find it convenient to repay the £500. The answer was worthy of the first request. The American acknowledged the loan, and said that his speculation had been perfectly successful, and that by this £500 he had realized the amount of £1,500. He then begged to remind Mr. —— that the loan he applied for was £1,000, that he had only received £500, and, consequently, had entered into the speculation to only half the extent which he had proposed; that Mr. ——'s conduct had, therefore, injured him to the amount of £1,500, that being the profit which Mr. —— had prevented him from making; he must, therefore, consider Mr. —— his debtor for that sum, and requested him to remit the balance due as soon as convenient. We heard this anecdote from good authority long before the events occurred which have induced us to record it; and we may add, for the comfort of those who think that such demands ought to be resisted, that Mr. —— recovered his £500 after all.
DIGNITY OF LABOR. —In early life David kept his father's sheep; his was a life of industry; and though foolish men think it degrading to perform any useful labor, yet in the eyes of wise men industry is truly honorable, and the most useful man is the happiest. A life of labor is man's natural condition, and most favorable to mental health and bodily vigor. Bishop Hall says, "Sweet is the destiny of all trades, whether of the brow or of the mind. God never allowed any man to do nothing." From the ranks of industry have the world's greatest men been taken. Rome was more than once saved by a man who was sent from the plough.
Moses had been keeping sheep for forty years before he came forth as the deliverer of Israel. The Apostles were chosen from amongst the hardy and laborious fishermen. From whence I infer that, when God has any great work to perform, he selects as his instruments those who, by their previous occupation, had acquired habits of industry, skill and perseverance; and that, in every department of society, they are most honorable who earn their own living by their own labor.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE COURANT.
PUBLISHED EVERY OTHER WEEK FOR THE SUBSCRIBERS TO THE CONNECTICUT COURANT.
VOL. VI.
HARTFORD, SATURDAY, APRIL 3, 1841.
NO. 33.
Poetry.
From the Louisville Journal. THE RAINBOW.
BY AMELIA.
I sometimes have thoughts, in my loneliest hours, That lie on my heart like the dew on the flowers, Of a ramble I took one bright afternoon, When my heart was as light as a blossom in June; The green earth was moist with the late-fallen showers, The breeze fluttered down and blew open the flowers, While a single white cloud to its haven of rest, On the white wing of peace, floated off in the west.
As I threw back my tresses to catch the cool breeze, That scattered the rain-drops and dimpled the seas, Far up the blue sky a fair rainbow unrolled Its soft tinted pinions of purple and gold; 'Twas born in a moment, yet, quick as its birth, It had stretched to the uttermost ends of the earth, And, fair as an angel, it floated all free, With a wing on the earth, and a wing on the sea.
How calm was the ocean! how gentle its swell! Like a woman's soft bosom it rose and it fell, While its light sparkling waves, stealing laughingly o'er, When they saw the fair rainbow knelt down on the shore; No sweet hymn ascended, no murmur of prayer, Yet I felt that the spirit of worship was there, And bent my young head in devotion and love, 'Neath the form of the angel that floated above.
How wide was the sweep of its beautiful wings! How boundless its circle! how radiant its rings! If I looked on the sky 'twas suspended in air, If I looked on the ocean the rainbow was there; Thus forming a girdle as brilliant and whole As the thoughts of the rainbow that circled my soul— Like the wing of the Deity, calmly unfurl'd, It bent from the cloud and encircled the world.
There are moments, I think, when the spirit receives Whole volumes of thought on its unwritten leaves, When the folds of the heart in a moment unclosed Like the innermost leaves from the heart of a rose; And thus, when the rainbow had passed from the sky, The thoughts it awoke were too deep to pass by; It left my full soul like the wing of a dove, All fluttered with pleasure, and fluttering with love.
I know that each moment of rapture or pain But shortens the links in life's mystical chain; I know that my form, like that bow from the wave, Must pass from the earth and lie cold in the grave; Yet, oh! when death's shadows my bosom encloud, When I shrink from the thought of the coffin and shroud, May Hope, like the rainbow, my spirit enfold In her beautiful pinions of purple and gold.
The following is the thrilling and effective song which was sung by Mr. Russell at his concerts in this city. It is the production of DR. COATES.
THE GAMBLER'S WIFE.
Dark is the night! How dark! No light! No fire! Cold, on the hearth, the last faint sparks expire! Shivering she watches by the cradle side For him who pledged her love—last year a bride!
"Hark! 'Tis his footstep! No!—'Tis past!—'Tis gone!" Tick!—Tick!—How wearily the time crawls on! Why should he leave me thus?—He once was kind! And I believed 'twould last!—How mad!—How blind!"
"Rest thee, my babe!—Rest on!—'Tis hunger's cry! Sleep!—For there is no food!—The font is dry! Famine and cold their wearying work have done. My heart must break!—And thou!"—The clock strikes one.
"Hush! 'Tis the dice box!—Yes! he's there! he's there! For this!—for this he leaves me to despair!"
Leaves love! leaves truth! his wife! his child! for what? The wanton's smile—the villain—and the sot!
"Yet I'll not curse him! No! 'tis all in vain! 'Tis long to wait, but sure he'll come again! And I could starve and bless him but for you, My child!—his child! Oh, fiend!" The clock strikes two.
"Hark! How this sign board creaks! The blast howls by. Moan! moan! A dirge swells through the cloudy sky! Ha! 'tis his knock! he comes!—he comes once more!" 'Tis but the lattice flaps! The hope is o'er!
"Can he desert me thus! He knows I stay Night after night in loneliness to pray For his return—and yet he sees no tear! No! no! It cannot be! He will be here!"
"Nestle more closely, dear one, to my heart! Thou'rt cold! Thou'rt freezing! But we will not part! Husband!—Idie!—Father!—It is not he! O, God! protect my child!" The clock strikes three.
In addition to the above the following concluding stanza, from the pen of another gentleman, himself the author of some fine songs, was sung by Mr. Russell:
They're gone, they're gone! the glimmering spark hath fled!— The wife and child are number'd with the dead. On the cold earth, outstretched in solemn rest, The babe lay frozen on its mother's breast: The gambler came at last—but all was o'er— Dread silence reign'd around—the clock struck four!
SONG OVER A CHILD.
BY BARRY CORNWALL.
Dream, baby, dream! The stars are glowing; Hear'st thou the stream? 'Tis softly flowing. All gently glide the hours; Above no tempest lowers; Below are fragrant flowers In silence growing.
Sleep, baby, sleep, Till dawn to-morrow! Why wouldst thou weep, Who knowest not sorrow? Too soon come pain and fears: Too soon a cause for tears; So from thy future years No sadness borrow!
Dream baby, dream! Thine eyelids quiver. Know'st thou the theme Of yon soft river? It saith, "Be calm, be sure, Unfailing, gentle: pure! So shall thy life endure, Like mine, for ever!"
Original.
The following narrative is published as taken down from the lips of Mr. HEZERIAH MUNSELL, of East Windsor, one of the patriots of the revolution, and now in the 88th year of his age.
COMMUNICATED FOR THE COURANT.
RECOLLECTIONS OF THE REVOLUTION.
BY A SOLDIER.
At the time when the news of Lexington battle reached us, in East Windsor, I was in the 23d year of my age. In 1755, when the war commenced there was but one newspaper printed in Hartford—the Courant. By reading that my own mind was principally prepared to repel the British invasion. It is true that there was
much said in every situation and station in life by the people, in relation to our condition to the mother country at this crisis. I remember reading one, or more letters, from Governor Trumbull, to Governor Gage, which had a powerful influence on my mind, and did much to prepare me for the scenes in which I afterward took a part. The stamp act, duty on tea, Boston Port bill, and the massacre of citizens, in the town of Boston, by British soldiers, in April, 1770: all tended to prepare me to defend what I considered our common rights, and liberties. At this juncture, I felt and so did others, that there must be a war. For the feeling was quite general, that unless we defended our rights and liberties, we must be slaves: and as unnatural as some may think of it, we chose to decide the question by an "appeal to arms." In this state of mind, the news of Lexington battle reached me.
Captain Lemuel Stoughton, who then commanded the Company of Militia in the north part of this town, called out his company: and we paraded half of a mile north of Scantic meeting-house. Names were soon called for volunteers, and as many as forty volunteered to march to the field of battle with their Captain. We left our homes the next day, for the field of conflict—this day was Saturday—most of this little company were full of patriotism, and ambition.
On Monday we reached Shrewsbury, where we met Colonel Nathaniel Terry, of Enfield, who had been to Roxbury, which was the head quarters of the Provincials. He brought back to us and others, on the way to the rendezvous, advice, that we should so arrange that those who came on should stay two or three weeks.
This brought our company to a stand, and the Sergeant Ebenezer Watson, Jr., bent up for volunteers. Eleven of our number turned out to march to Roxbury. We chose E. Watson, as our Lieut., and N. Phelps, Sergeant—Tuesday we left Shrewsbury, and reached head quarters Wednesday. On this expedition, we bore our own expenses, and lived for the most part of the time on what our wives and mothers put into our knapsacks when we left home.
On reaching Roxbury, we found that many of the inhabitants had fled—we soon found a house empty, and prepared to occupy it. Two more of the volunteers soon joined our number, and we prepared to take up our quarters in a School house. We were not much exercised in military tactics at this time. I stood as sentinel two, or three times, which was the most that I did in the soldier's life at this campaign.
What was then a curiosity to me, we drew for our rations, sea-bread, which I was then told, was taken from the British, on their excursion to Concord. It was so much of a curiosity, that I brought some of it home, when I returned.
When in this campaign, I remember of seeing several Tories brought into Roxbury, by the soldiers, from the neighboring towns. I then supposed that they were considered as dangerous men in our state of affairs, to have their liberty in the community. They wore their white wigs; and for some reason or other, a number of them had settled down in Marshfield.
Most of the inhabitants, now living in Massachusetts, and Connecticut, can hardly conceive of the spirit of indignation, which was enkindled in the community at the news of the march of British troops from Boston, to Concord, in April, 1775.
SECOND TOUR.
The second time I went into the Revolutionary war, I enlisted in the month of May, 1775, for seven months. Colonel George Pitkin, of East Hartford, was Cap-
Hezekiah Munsell born W. 17184

tain. The company numbered one hundred men, rank and file; and all of them lived to return to their homes, at the expiration of the time for which we enlisted.
We were stationed at Roxbury, and Brookline, at our first going into actual service; during this campaign, the American army was reduced to discipline. I recollect, that the light house in Boston harbour, was burnt by a party of Americans not far from this time. This was done to vex the enemy's shipping, but it never amounted to much in this way.
A part of the regiment to which Colonel Pitkin's company belonged, went to the north, to join the northern army. It was the duty of the company to which I belonged, to guard the shore in the vicinity of Boston. I was not in the battle of Bunker Hill; our company was not called to take part in that conflict. I heard the cannon, and was standing on the bell deck of Brookline meeting-house, during that battle. From this elevation I saw Charlestown burnt.
The company to which I belonged, had not much fighting with the enemy, during this campaign. In addition to the towns named above, we were in Cohasset, Dorchester Farms, and Hingham. We spent the last part of the seven months in Cohasset, where we had three stations to guard. Winter was approaching—the weather was very cold, and at our guard-house we were not well supplied with wood. For the want of fuel, we burnt rails from the fence—complaint was made by the freeholders to the officers: orders were consequently given to the soldiers—not to burn any more rails! Baxter was our Sergeant, and when the time came to give his orders to the guard—he communicated the prohibition on rails! He, however, added—"there has been nothing said about posts—I advise you to keep a good fire." We burnt posts that day, and afterwards we were supplied with fuel.
During this campaign, we did not always draw our ration of rum: I was never troubled on this point, if I had such a ration, I could sell it for a trifle, or give it away—for I never drank rum. In this campaign, our food was as good as I wanted; but as I shall state by and by, it was not always so during the war.
One of the Provincial Refugees, who came from Boston, to Cohasset, was addressed by a soldier—as he was out of business—now says the soldier, "you have nothing to do." He replied "O yes!—I have to contrive how to make one shilling go as far as two used to."
When leaving for home, at the expiration of my term, Colonel Pitkin, put into my hand two or three bills of Continental money, the first I remember of ever seeing.
While our company was stationed in Roxbury, Moses Huxley was killed by a cannon ball, which was fired from Boston. He belonged to Captain Hanchet's company, and was from Suffield.
In this campaign, our chaplain was Rev. Mr. Boardman, whom the British called the cannon or gun of the gospel; on account of his strength and compass of voice.
CAMPAIGN OF 1776—THIRD TIME OF ENTERING THE REVOLUTION.
In the month of June, 1776, I again enlisted for seven months. My Captain was Simon Wolcott, of this town. Colonel Gay commanded the regiment to which this company belonged.
It was now more difficult to obtain soldiers for the campaign than it had been previously: for the war continued longer than was at first anticipated. The novelty of the campaign and field of action had gone by. Men who now enlisted expected to have hard fighting. Having these things in my mind, I marched from home the last of June. We reached New York just as the Declaration of Independence was published to the army. On the evening of the day that this instrument was made public, the city was illuminated. It is now my conviction, and has been for many years, that this event transpired not later than the 8th or 10th of July. This much I remember, it was but a few days after I reached N. York.
In the month of July, I went with others to work on Fort Independence, where I worked eight days. In this month we were ordered over to Long Island. Here our company staid for more than a month; and during this period many of the troops with whom I was stationed suffered with the dysentery. I was attacked like others, and was under the surgeon's care; though I never gave up to it a single day. It was the subject of some remark, Munsell is the most persevering fellow I ever saw, he won't be sick. The writer would say here, that this Hezekiah Munsell was born into the world a temperance child; and he has always been at antipodes with alcohol in every shape. This, i. e. the fact of his temperance habits, might have been beneficial to his constitution when attacked with disease at this time.
General Sullivan and Lord Stirling then led this division of the army. Our company was divided, one half would go from the barracks, at Brooklyn, to Flatbush to keep garrison one day, the next day the other half would come and relieve them. We were daily expecting that we should be annoyed by the enemy; and when they began to land on the Island at Redhook, I recollect the following incident. Some one of our company went every day to get milk for the sick soldiers at an old Dutchman's. I went on this errand one day, and the old man said to me in relation to the enemy—"there will be thousands and thousands of them."
Things remained much as above described, till the day of the battle on Long Island. On the morning of the general battle the soldiers laid hold and worked like men to save their lives, in throwing up a breast work, and in cutting and drawing into a line before our breast work a row of apple trees—brush turned from us, to impede the enemy, should they come on us. I worked both on the breast work and drawing in the trees. Our Lieut. Colonel Hart, had command of our regiment at this time. Colonel Gay was taken sick and died in New York. We were all now prepared for an engagement with the enemy. It has been said by some that General Washington never left his saddle this day. But I saw him walk along the lines, and give his orders in person, to the Colonels of each regiment. I heard him give orders to Colonel Hart. His orders were much like the following—If the enemy come to attack us let them approach within twenty yards before you fire. It was tho't to be a stratagem for the enemy to draw our fire, and then force us from the entrenchment; but they found Washington too old for them. I would further say that I heard Washington say, "If I see any man turn his back to day, I will shoot him through; I have two pistols loaded; yet I will not ask a man to go farther than I do; I will fight so long as I have a leg or an arm." This is but a mere scrap of what the brave Washington then said. Others have said, in this conversation, he mentioned that the time has come when Americans must be freemen or slaves—quit yourselves like men, like soldiers; for all which is worth living for is at stake.
During the day of Long Island battle, on the right wing where I was stationed, there was but little firing. The position which we held at the time was near a tide mill—the Yellow mill. When Washington was giving his orders to our Colonel, there was in the pond where this mill stood, a man who was attempting to escape from the enemy—an inhabitant of the Island I supposed, who was stuck in the mud. Some proposed to go and help him. Washington said no, knowing that they would be in the same predicament, and thus be taken by the enemy. What become of the poor fellow I never knew. I never saw the British on the day of this battle. The ground was such, and a grove intervening, as to cut off the prospect. As to this battle, I was not personally knowing to any thing more particular, but what is publicly known. On the right we retreated, I was just relieved from the breast work, when I heard Colonel Chester, of Wethersfield, say, we are going to retreat. The next person I heard speak of it was General Put-
nam—when we were on the march—he spoke I then thought imprudently; for some one might have carried his report to the enemy. I left the Island for New York between eight and nine o'clock in the evening. The retreat was conducted without any difficulty. When the morning came I went to the Grand Battery and looking over to the Island, I saw two of our men plunge into the water and swim to get away from the British. The enemy fired at them, but they swam till our boats picked them up. I don't know as any of our men were lost on the Island by being left.
When we had safely landed in New York we felt ourselves freed for a moment from the enemy. But we had not long to rest. This was as late in the season as September 1st. The main army was now in New York. Our barracks then, were at Bull's head, Queen street, which was quite the upper part of the city. When we left this street we moved to the east and pitched our tents. When we left on the retreat from New York, we lost our tents. By some misdirection they were carried to a wrong part of the city, and that was the last of them.
The enemy landed in New York, early in September. As we had no means of effectually resisting such superior forces, General Washington was obliged to retreat before them. The enemy from Long Island, passed up the East River, landed a party at Turtle Bay, where Colonel Knowlton was killed, and his troops dispersed. I saw Colonel Knowlton lie dead in a waggon, just as he was brought from the battle. His clothes were still covered with blood. He was a brave officer. The British when they landed their troops in New York at Turtle Bay, went under cover of two ships of war. They passed up the East river, and commenced firing, when under this cover their troops landed. On the evening previous to General Washington's retreat to Harlem Heights, I was set as sentinel at eight or nine o'clock, at the Southern part of our fortification, and was relieved at a proper hour. Early next morning, I looked for the place where our regiment lay, and found that the camp was broken up. I went in pursuit of my pack, which was left in this direction, when I went on duty I found it, and returned to my guard. Early in the day, I was set as sentinel again; in this situation one of the enemy's ships were firing their stern guns on our work, opposite our guard.
This fortification extended from north to south more than a mile. Our guard was stationed opposite Bull's Head at the upper part of our entrenchment. Somewhere Colonel Hart, our field officer, was made prisoner.
Our sentry consisted of seven men. In this condition we stood two hours, and then were not relieved—we in fact never were relieved. We stood I presume three hours; after we had stood more than two hours, one of the guard, whose name was Foster, came to me and said, "Munsell what shall we do"—I replied, "I don't know, we must stay here till we die, for ought I know." I now saw the enemy marching into the upper part of the entrenchment, and I knew not what to do.
It was not long before Foster came again, and enquired "what can we do." The officer of the guard had not done his duty: where he was we knew not. All this time of painful suspense, the man of war was firing on us. It was not long before Loomis, one of the sentinels said to me, as we were in sight of each other, "Munsell, the guard has gone"—I replied, "It is then time for us to go." In our retreat, we started for the North River. Some of the men on this retreat threw away their packs. I kept mine though it was somewhat heavy. In this retreat, I perspired freely, and soon after recovered from the sickness which I spoke of having on Long Island. One of the sentinels threw away his pack, and very soon found a better one. In our retreat there was great disorder; I cannot say how it was with the other troops from personal observation, though I was told at the time, that Washington enquired when retreating from New York, to Harlem Heights, have I got

to depend on such troops! So great was the disorder and confusion in the retreat. To return to my story—we soon reached the main road which our troops were travelling, and the first conspicuous person I met was General Putnam. He was making his way towards New York, when all were going from it. Where he was going I could not conjecture. Though I afterwards learned he was going after a small garrison of men in a crescent fortification, which he brought off safe. And when I passed him he was conversing with a field officer, who as I judged from their conversation was thinking it best to make a stand, and face the enemy. This officer was crying and I thought then rather fuddled . Putnam in harsh language told him to “go along about his business;” we soon came up with a regiment of Western Virginia troops in a grove on the road. The Colonel of this regiment was at their head; they were marching in single file. They would not allow us to pass them, though we were moving onward much faster than they were when we came up with them. The Colonel called out “halt:” his men stopped and we went on.
Here I will state a curious incident: One of our fellow soldiers came up with us, an acquaintance, who was chased by the enemy. The Hessians pushed him hard; he ran through swamps and mud, through brush and wood, and lost pack and coat, his shoes and stockings. He kept his arms, and once fired on his pursuer. I was able to furnish this destitute soldier with shoes and stockings. We reached Harlem Heights this day before sundown; here we staid something like three weeks—our cooking utensils went with our tents—I never knew where. For a few days we fared hard. We, however, pulled chestnut bark from the trees—wet our flour, and made them in cakes on it, and in this way baked it by the fire. We had for meat, fresh beef, and for this we drew salt. One great pot which our Lieut. and his waiter found, served for many, as the utensil to cook our meat at this emergency. We did not stand then about hard fare, for we were fighting for liberty—sometimes our beef was roasted on the coals.
No sharp fighting occurred at this station; the enemy came near us and we were soon on the march. The next move was to Mile Square. Here we drew tents and some cooking utensils. It was not long before we removed from this place to White Plains. This move of the army was in the night. In this march which was very slow, all our camp equipage we were obliged to carry on our backs.
WHITE PLAINS. Colonel Gay was dead—Colonel Hart taken, and the command devolved on Major Mott. Previous to the battle in this place, the enemy one morning made a feint for a battle. Our entrenchment was a stone wall. Washington called his men out and put them in readiness to fight. His orders were similar to those on Long Island. But no battle was fought that day.
BATTLE OF WHITE PLAINS.
Our regiment were ordered out on fatigue the morning of the battle. We, however, saw the enemy in the field prepared for action; and they made a most splendid appearance. It was not Washington's plan to come to a general engagement; he therefore did not call out all of his force into this action. McDougal's brigade bore the brunt of this battle.
From White Plains the regiment to which I belonged, marched to Wright's Mills. At this place we did not tarry many days. From this station we moved to Philipsburg. Here we remained a month or more, and then we removed to North Castle, where our enlistment expired, December 25, 1776. I immediately started for home, and before we reached East Windsor, the news of Trenton battle reached us. Our chaplain was Rev. Mr. Storrs.
AUGUST, 1778. —I was drafted to take care of the artillery taken from Burgoyne, which we received at Far-
mington, Ct., and delivered at White Plains, then headquarters of the American army. We were the whole month taking down these field pieces, to the Park, at White Plains. While at White Plains we met a whole guard of Hessians who came over to our army, officers and all: they were received kindly and sent to a place of safety.
No other incident occurred of interest, on this expedition. I received ten dollars in continental money for this month's service for my country, which would then buy a bushel of corn! I also received the same month, of the proper authority, for a gun which was lost in the northern army the year before, which was appraised at four pounds, twenty dollars!! Equal to two bushels of corn!
SEPTEMBER, 1780. —I was drafted and marched to Horse Neck, to guard a number of Royalist Refugees. They were collected together from New York, Conn., &c., and some of the soldiers called them cow boys and bull drivers. Here we staid a few days, and then went by order of Arnold, who was then working his card, to North Castle. Soon after reaching this place, myself with others were sent to Peekskill for flour. Bread stuff was short amongst us. Which on our way to Peekskill, we staid one night in the woods, to avoid the Refugees. On this tour we fared hard, both going and coming. We could not get near the quantity of flour we wanted, and the quality of that was very poor. By means of Arnold and others, we were in a confused state at this time; and we soon came back to Horse Neck. While at this last named place, I drew one pint of hominy in ten days; and this was all the bread stuff that I could get! The last of this militia tour I spent in threshing wheat for my living and for the support of my comrades. In November, I returned to my family; and this was the last of my going into the revolutionary war. I received for my pay for this tour of service for my country, some trash in shape of continental money, which would pay taxes.
Near the close of the revolution, I had a tax of forty dollars to pay in continental money, and others with me (my neighbors) had not money of this description to pay this tax. We got some specie together, sent a man to Springfield, where continental money was to be bought, and purchased what we wanted; so that I paid my forty dollar tax for about forty cents.
Colonel Knowlton had chased the British some distance: they were reinforced and he was killed in the vicinity of Harlem Heights. This skirmish was called the “Monday fight.” It was the day after we retreated from New York which was on Saturday.
Names of three of the heroes who took Stoney Point, with Gen. Wayne their leader. These men have said that they were in the forlorn hope.
Alexander Thompson, East Windsor, first to enter the Fort. William Burns, Coventry; and Charles Brown, of Connecticut.
PIECE OF ANTIQUITY. H. Munsell wore a hat to the field of conflict in 1775, with this motto on his brass frontispiece—“Liberty, Property, and all America.”
CONTINENTAL MONEY.
In 1781, in the months of February, or March, I drove a team to Boston, with a load, and brought one back for a merchant in Springfield, Mass. I had a five cattle team. Returning home I staid in Roxbury one night, my team was fed, I had one meal, and lodging: my bill in the morning was equal to two silver dollars; and continental money had so depreciated that I paid in it the round sum of $140 for a single night's entertainment.
FOR THE COURANT.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES.
MORTGAGES. —The three most conspicuous money lenders in Hartford from 1700 to 1740 were women, the widows of merchants, viz: Mrs. Elizabeth Willson, whose splendid house is still remembered by some of our
oldest inhabitants, Mrs. Mary Haynes, and Mrs. Mary Turner. They appear to have been the chief bankers, and to have taken security on real estate. Mrs. Willson loaned money, and took mortgages out of Hartford.
The practice of selling real estate on credit and taking mortgages of the same as security, commenced in 1717. The common designation of clergymen on the records is “clerk,” till within about 60 years. The title “Rev.” was very seldom used. The usual designation of nephews and nieces, in ancient times, was “cousins.” “Jun.” affixed to names meant simply younger whether the son or not.
Mr. Boswell.—Sir: Should you think the quantity of Snow that fell the 24 years past is worth the setting type for, you are at liberty to use the following.
Truly yours, A. R.
   Feet. Inches. Feet. Inches.     1817-18, 2 2 1830-31, 2 10   1818-19, 3 2 1831-2, 5 4   1819-20, 7 1 1832-3, 2 2   1820-21, 7 6 1833-4, 1 3   1821-2, 2 11 1834-5, 3 2   1822-3, 6 6 1835-6, 5 9   1823-4, 2 11 1836-7, 1 5   1824-5, 2 10 1837-8, 2 6   1825-6, 1 9 1838-9, 0 10   1826-7, 3 10 1839-40, 4 5   1827-8, 1 10 1840-41, 6 9   1828-9, 2 3   1829-30, 3 0 Total, 84 ft. 2 in.    Average 3 feet 6 inches, and 2-12.
Miscellaneous Selections.
From the New York American.
FOREIGN RAMBLES.
GLANCES AT MEN AND THINGS.
AYR, November, 1840.
It was a mild autumnal morning, when we took a chaise at Ayr, and rode a few miles up the valley of that name, to Tarbolton , an obscure hamlet of clay cottages, which is intimately associated with the early life of Burns. Near this village is Lochlee ; the farm where the poet lived with his father from the age of 17 to 24, in the capacity of a daily laborer on the estate. The worthy old Scotchman who now occupies it, took great pleasure and no little pride in showing us over his fields and pointing out the various localities which tradition has marked as the spots where Burns composed some of his earlier ballads. At Lochlee, he was known as a keen-witted, wild, independent, winsome fellow, loving anything but work, who would drive his team through the furrow and leave it to stand at ease by the hour, while he, leaning on the handles of his plough, whistled, or sang, or mused in rhyme, or joked in prose with the passing lass. As we traversed this humble farm, how all thoughts of the adjacent landscape, at once bold and beautiful, fled before the reflection, that here, with Nature's own book open before him, this extraordinary genius studied her choicest lessons and felt the first breathings of her inspiration—that here he trained his mind to that self-reliance and animated his soul with the contempt for aristocracy and pelf, which, even more than his delicate pathos and chastened fancy, are the glory of his verse. How the man, no less than the bard, speaks in the introduction to his Brigs of Ayr .
The simple bard, rough at the rustic plough, Learning his tuneful trade from every bough; The chanting linnet, or the mellow thrush, Hailing the setting sun, sweet, in the green thorn bush; The soaring lark, the perching red-breast shrill, Or deep-toned plovers grey, wild whistling o'er the hill;— Shall he, nurst in the peasant's lowly shed, To hardy independence bravely bred, By early poverty to hardships steel'd And trained to arms in stern misfortune's field;— Shall he be guilty of their hireling crimes, The servile, mercenary Swiss of rhymes?

No! though his artless strains he rudely sings, And throws his hand uncouthly o'er the strings, He glows with all the spirit of the bard; Fame, honest fame, his great, his dear reward.
While residing at Locklee, Burns organized a club of six or eight spirits, at Tarbolton, for mutual improvement and social enjoyment, of which himself and David Sillar, the poet, were the leading members. This association, though composed of a few illiterate country lads, was well adapted to excite and develop the powers of his wonderful mind. Burns belonged to a lodge of Freemasons in Tarbolton. At one of their meetings, he had a quarrel with the school-master of the village; and determined to revenge himself upon him. That admiral poet-burlesque, "Death and Doctor Hombook," was the consequence.
Leaving Coilsfield House, better known to the readers of Burns, as the Castle of Montgomery (it stands near Tarbolton) till our return from Mauchline, we continued our ride up the Valley of the Ayr, 3 or 4 miles, to Mossgiel-farm , which the bard occupied three years, in partnership with his brother, Gilbert. Here he ushered to the world many of his noblest productions. On this account, the spot, so homely, as not to attract the glance of the passing traveller, possesses indescribable charms in the eye of every admirer of his writings, and through all time will be trodden as consecrated ground by those who reverence genius. The house he dwelt in, is a one story cottage, surrounded by trees, under one of which—a wide spreading elm—he is said to have composed several of his best poems. The cottage stands on an elevated ridge, and commands a view of several miles of richly diversified country up and down the valley of the Ayr. While Gilbert was following the plough, or leading the reapers, in the adjacent fields, Robert might often be found reclining on the grass under the famous old elm, enjoying the gentle breeze or the genial sunshine, and giving plumage and wings to his fancy. That he occasionally held the plough at Mossgiel, we have evidence in that exquisite little poem, so rich in simple humor, delicate feeling, and lofty sentiment, entitled, "To a mouse, on turning her up in her nest with the plough."
You recollect the two first stanzas:
Wee, sleekit, cow'rin, timorous beastie, O, what a panic's in thy breastie! Thou need na start awa so hasty, Wi' bickering brattle! I wad be laith to rin an' chase thee, Wi' murdering pattle!
I'm truly sorry man's dominion Has broken nature's social union, An' justifies that ill opinion, Which makes thee startle At me, thy poor earth-born companion, An' fellow mortal,
Another proof that, while at Mossgiel, he maintained his title of "the ploughman bard," is furnished by his address To a Mountain Daisy, on turning it down with the plough :
Wee, modest, crimson-tipped flower, Thou'rt met me in an evil hour; For I maun crush amang the stoure Thy slender stem; To spare thee now is past my power, Thou bonnie gem.
Who but Burns could have entwined such an insignificant incident with the sweetest garlands of poesy, and drawn from the untimely fall of the "bonnie gem," a moral which touches the heart with a more subduing power, than the elaborate reasonings of whole libraries of theological lore? He, more than any of his contemporaries, was capable of investing any object, however prosaic it appeared to ordinary eyes, with the charms of poetry.
But though a good poet, he was a bad farmer. Affairs were sadly managed at Mossgiel, and at the end of three
years he surrendered his interest in the farm to his brother. In a characteristic account of his sojourn at Mossgiel, he says, "I entered on the farm with a firm resolution, 'Come, go to, I will be wise!' I read farming books; I calculated crops; I attended markets; and, in short, in spite of 'the world, the flesh, and the devil,' I should have been a wise man; but, the first year from unfortunately buying bad seed; the second, from a late harvest; we lost half our crops. This overset all my wisdom, and I returned 'like the dog to his vomit, and the sow that was washed to her wallowing in the mire.'"
The female-head of the family now occupying Mossgiel, magnifies her station as successor-in-possession to the illustrious ploughman. After jantly decking herself with a snow-white cap and flashing ribbon, and shuffling off her dairy apron, she entertained us with traditional anecdotes of the bard while parading us through her humble suite of apartments. And might not persons of more exalted rank be proud of occupying an "auld clay biggin," which, for three years, was the favorite abode of the Muses? While standing in its lowly kitchen, I could not but think of the half comic, half serious mood in which Burns represents himself as moralizing before its fire, when the thrilling scenes described in that unsurpassed poem, The Vision , opened to his enchanted senses.
There, lanely, by the ingle cheek, I sat and eyed the spewing reek, That fill'd wi' hoast-provoking smeeke, The auld clay biggin; An' heard the restless rations squeak About the riggin.
All in this mottie, misty clime, I backward mused on wasted time, How I had spent my youthful time, And done naething, But stringin' bleethers up in rhyme, For fools to sing.
Had I to guid advice but harkit, I might, by this, had led a market, Or strutted in a bank an' clarkit My cash account; While here, half mad, half fed, half sarkit, Is a' th' amount.
Posterity will bless "the braw hizzie" that stopped his reproachful musings,
And bound the holly round his head: Whose polish'd leaves and berries red, Did rustling play.
We had time merely to glance at Mauchline , an ancient town of 7 or 800 inhabitants, which lies about a mile from Mossgiel. It was one of Burns's favorite haunts while he occupied that farm, and among its bon vivants he strengthened those habits that ultimately ruined him. Here he became acquainted with "bonnie Jean," (Jane Armour) whom he afterwards married.
There was a lass, and she was fair, At Kirk and market to be seen, When a' the fairest maids were met, The fairest maid was bonnie Jean.
Mauchline was the scene of the Holy Fair—the poem in which he humorously caricatured the old Scotch fashion of celebrating the Communion in a country parish. Among some irreverent lines may be found much wholesome truth. How happy the hit, when describing the assembled worshippers—
Here some are thinkin' on their sins, An' some upo' their claes.
Like modern almanacs, it will apply, with slight variations, to any degree of latitude or longitude.
In returning to Ayr, we visited Coilsfield House—the Castle of Montgomery . When Burns resided near Mauchline, a Highland girl named Mary Campbell, served as a dairymaid in the family of Col. Hugh Montgomery, of the house of Eglintoune, who then occupied
Coilsfield. For her—who is described as a blue-eyed, golden-haired, maid, of Argyleshire—the poet imbibed, as is well known, an ardent but unfortunate attachment. Mary had consented to become the bride of her wooer, and left Coilsfield on a tour to the Highlands, to make some necessary arrangements previous to their union—whence she was to return to Ayrshire, and consummate the engagement. The parting between the lovers was marked by all that keen sensibility, which, more than any other trait, characterized the ill-starred bard. The separation was destined to be eternal. While returning to Ayrshire, Mary was taken sick at Greenock, where she died, and in one of whose church-yards she was buried. In reference to these sad events, Burns wrote one of his most touching ballads:—
Ye banks and braes, and streams around, The castle o' Montgomery, Green be your woods, and fair your flowers, Your waters never drumlie! There simmer first unfaulds her robes, And there they langest tarry; For there I took my last farewell O' my sweet Highland Mary. How sweetly bloom'd the gay green birk, How rich the hawthorn's blossom, As underneath their fragrant shade, I clasp'd her to my bosom!
It was with emotions of pleasing melancholy, that we spent an hour or two lingering among the groves that surround the Castle. The present modern mansion stands on the site of the old one, and is romantically situated on one of the steep banks of Faile Water, embosomed in a thick forest-park, and looking down upon the pleasant little stream that dances cheerily under its shadows.
Tradition asserts that the parting between Burns and Mary, was attended by solemn religious ceremonies of a nature to strengthen, if possible, the chain of affection which linked their destinies. The Bible on which it is said they vowed to be true to each other during their separation, was, not many years ago, in the possession of a sister of Mary Campbell, and bore on its lids, in the hand writing of Burns, the following inscriptions:—"And ye shall not swear by my name falsely; I am the Lord. Levit. xix. 12. " "Thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt perform unto the Lord thine oaths. St. Matth. v. 33. " On one of the leaves is written, "Robert Burns, Mossgiel."
What an ennobling tribute to Poetic Genius, that, though rank and splendor delight to make the castle of Montgomery their abode, these could never rescue its name from oblivion:—but, because it was the scene of an unfortunate attachment between a ploughman and a dairy maid, its fame is immortal!
The image of his departed Mary, haunted Burns to the hour of his death. If to the revulsion of feeling caused by this severe trial, we may trace those sad departures from the path of sobriety which led him to a premature grave, to the same source we must attribute some of the finest poetical compositions on record.—That tenderest and sublimest of all ballads, To Mary in Heaven , was wrung from the broken heart of Burns on the anniversary of the day he heard of his "sweet Highland Mary." He was found, by his wife, stretched on a cold mass of straw, with his eyes steadily fixed on the blue vault of Heaven. On her rousing him from his reverie, he entered the house, and calling for his desk, immediately wrote—
Thou lingering star, with lessening ray, That lovest to greet the early morn, Again thou usher'st in the day My Mary from my soul was torn. O Mary! dear departed shade! Where is thy blissful place of rest? See'st thou thy lover lowly laid? Hear'st thou the groans that rend his breast?
Yours, &c.,
RAMBLER.

PUBLIC BREAKFAST TO MR. JAY.
The parishioners and friends of the venerable Wm. Jay, of Bath, England, gratefully commemorated on the 2d ult. the 50th anniversary of his settlement as pastor of Argyle Chapel, and invited him and his family to accept a public breakfast. Mr. Jay is extensively known in this country by his writings, and many of our readers will be gratified with the following notice of this novel but well merited compliment, derived from the correspondence of the N. Y. Evangelist. It was well denominated "the Pastor's Jubilee" by the poet Montgomery:
About eight hundred sat down to breakfast this morning at ten o'clock, at the Assembly Rooms, which were judiciously selected and admirably arranged for the great occasion. In the large hall designated as the Ball room, no less than five hundred were seated, the adjoining smaller rooms containing the rest of the company. The table assigned to the venerable pastor and his family, and ministerial brethren was sufficiently elevated to render them visible from the most remote part of the hall. The tables, decorated with evergreens, Chinese temples, and curious devices, were amply supplied with cold ham, tongue, fowls, and urns of tea and coffee, and provided with good attendants.
As this was the first public breakfast at which I was ever present, I was by no means an inattentive observer. An entire stranger to every body, I wandered up and down, and saw parents with their children, the widow with her son, and the maiden with her lover, pastors with their people, and the stranger attracted by feelings of Christian fellowship, or of curiosity, sitting side by side, the cares of life and the turmoils of the world, forgotten in the sweet intercourse of brotherly love. We there breathed a sacred—a delightful atmosphere. We thought of the feasts of the early disciples, hallowed by the presence of their Divine Master.
The tables having been removed, all assembled in the larger room for the public exercises of the morning.—The senior deacon of Argyle Chapel, and the last survivor of those who signed the call to Mr. Jay, was to have presided, but his feeble state of health prevented his being present, and the Chair was very ably filled by a Mr. H. Goodwin. The exercises commenced with the reading of the 133d Psalm. A hymn written for the occasion by James Montgomery, the bard of Sheffield, was then sung.
The Chairman then said that he had upon the table before him, letters from several eminent ministers, expressive of their regret at being unable to be present, and their unalterable attachment to Mr. Jay. Also one from the Mayor of the city, who expressed his conviction that to no other man is the city of Bath so deeply indebted as to Rev. William Jay.
After some brief remarks to the company, he turned to the pastor and read an address from his congregation. It was written on fine vellum, surrounded by a richly ornamented border. A lady contributed a case for it, composed of rich purple brocaded satin, trimmed with bands of purple velvet and silver lace. At its close the chairman presented him a rich salver and purse containing £650. The beautiful salver was of solid silver, with shell pattern border, and contained the following inscription, surrounded with an engraved wreath of flowers:
Presented
Together with the sum of Six Hundred and Fifty Pounds,
to the
REV. WILLIAM JAY.
By the Members of the Church and Congregation Assembling in Argyle Chapel, Bath,
And by other friends,
On the completion of the fiftieth year of his Happy and useful pastorage,
As a tribute of
Christian Esteem, Affection, and Gratitude, January xxx. MDCCCXLI.
The venerable pastor rose upon receiving this rich testimony of the love and respect of his people, (in money about $3000,) laboring under deep emotion, and gave utterance to his feelings. After some feeling general acknowledgements, he remarked:
From the rank and office of some of the contributors in Church and State, it might be expected that some more distinct acknowledgment should be made for their liberality. I am willing to render them the praise that is due. But I have been most affected with the offerings of the poor of my flock. There is nothing which will remain so long engraved on the fleshy table of my heart as the circumstance of a poor woman giving sixpence to my deacons, and adding, "Oh that it were a thousand pounds!"
He concluded with the following interesting incident:
There is only one thing more. [Turning to Mrs. Jay, who sat by his side.] I take this purse and present it to you, Madam [loud applause continued for some minutes]—to you Madam, who have always kept my purse, and therefore it has been so well kept. Consider it entirely sacred—for your pleasure, your use, your service, your comfort. I feel this is unexpected to you, but it is perfectly deserved by you. Mr. Chairman and Christian friends—I am sure there is not one here but would acquiesce in this, if he knew the value of this female as a wife, for more than fifty years. I must mention the obligations the public are under to her (if I have been enabled to serve my generation;) and how much she has raised her sex in my estimate; how much my church and congregation owe to her watchings over its pastor's health, whom she has cheered under all his trials, and reminded of his duties, while she animated him in their performance—how often has she wiped the evening dews from his forehead, and freed him from interruptions and embarrassments, that he might be free for his work. How much also do my family owe to her; and what reason have they to call her blessed! She is, too, the mother of another mother in America, who has reared thirteen children, all of whom are walking with her in the way everlasting."
You cannot imagine the effect of this scene. Both the Pastor and his wife, and every individual present, were most deeply affected. The unbidden tears ran down many a cheek, while Mrs. Jay seemed entirely overcome. For a few moments the assembly gave way to their emotions, and the exercises were suspended; at length the Chairman broke the silence by calling for the first resolution.
Addresses were made by several other gentlemen present, and the interest continued unabated, till the late hour of 3 o'clock, when they parted after singing the following second hymn, written by Montgomery for the occasion:
Hallelujah! heart and voice, Yielding all the praise to Thee, Lord, the flock will now rejoice, In the Pastor's Jubilee. &c.
THE LATE SIR ASTLEY COOPER.
This distinguished surgeon died in London on the 12th of February, in the 73d year of his age. It may gratify the members of the faculty in this vicinity to read the following account of their deceased cotemporary.
Sir Astley was the second son of the Reverend Samuel Cooper, of Yarmouth, and was born in that neighborhood, August 23d, 1768. After receiving the usual rudiments of education he entered on his medical career under an apothecary of the town, but was, in a few months, transferred to the care of his uncle, a surgeon of Guy's Hospital in London, and ultimately passed over to Mr. Clive, the most eminent practitioner of the day.
After serving an apprenticeship, and "walking the hospitals" for the usual period, he entered on practice; but at first with little success, as the whole of his fees for twelve months did not exceed five pounds, and several years elapsed before his emoluments amounted to
the salary of a fashionable footman. In this respect, however, he differed but little from many eminent members of the profession, who, at the outset of their career, have met with encouragement equally small; while others, with less good fortune still, have never received any recompense for their early struggles, but prematurely descended, unknown and neglected, to the tomb.
Sir Astley no sooner emerged from obscurity, than his practice rapidly became eminently great, and more lucrative than any recorded in the annals of medicine. For nearly forty years his receipts averaging between £10,000 and £15,000 annually; and in one year, 1822, exceeded twenty thousand guineas. The fees he received were very large; an instance of which may be mentioned the case of an eccentric publican in the city, whom he attended some years ago. During several weeks Sir Astley had daily called without receiving the slightest remuneration: but, on completing the cure, he was presented with the night-cap of the interesting patient, which, on examination, was found to be lined with a thousand pound bank-note and many equally handsome fees were paid him, as, when in the zenith of his fame, persons came from all parts of the world for his advice.
Though inordinately devoted to rank, Sir Astley was not unapproachable to those of humble birth. A dentist of some repute in the city, and now, we believe, attached to the hospital with which Sir Astley was so long connected, is chiefly indebted to the late baronet for his fortune. Desirous of giving some demonstrations in tooth-drawing at Guy's Hospital, he applied to Sir Astley, who was astonished by the simplicity of the application, inasmuch as the applicant had "neither father, mother, brother, uncle, first cousin, nor any relation" connected with the institution. "Do you know no old woman about the place?" asked Cooper. "No, replied the other; "my mother is dead!" "Poor little fellow!" said Sir Astley, touched by the naïveté of the answer, and yet unable to suppress a joke. "I hope you are able to run alone; but come to-morrow and I'll see what can be done for you." The little man went, and was appointed tooth-drawer to the hospital; though this was the only instance in which Sir Astley departed from the old rule of "keeping good things in the family," so rigidly observed in these institutions.
Sir Astley's first marriage was odd and accidental. While rolling into the city one day, his carriage got locked with that of another gentleman on Ludgate Hill. The coachman interchanged civilities in the customary style, but their masters conducted themselves with exemplary patience. "Steady, steady, John! don't swear so much," said one of the gentlemen cooped up. "I think I know that voice," continued Sir Astley, "Isn't your name Jones?" "Yes," said the other, "and yours?" "Cooper." "Ah! I thought so," continued the surgeon, and what's become of our old flames, the Miss Cocks?" "I am married to one of them, was the reply, "and the other's waiting for you." "The deuce she is," was the rejoinder, and Sir Astley lost no time in driving down to his old chère amie , whom he married in less than a month, and received with her a fortune of £30,000. The lady was the daughter of a wealthy apothecary in the Borough.
Sir Astley obtained an equally large dowry with his second wife; but, notwithstanding this, and his large professional emoluments, he was always frugal, and latterly evinced no small share of the "gentlemanly vice" of avarice. In his latter days he was unwilling to give advice to medical men, from which is not customary to exact a fee. To an old friend who called on him some time ago, and tendered a sovereign instead of a guinea, he exclaimed—No, no, it won't do; I must have the shilling too;" and he resolutely insisted on giving change for a £5 note in order to get possession of the coveted coin.
Broken hearts are easily mended by silver solder. There have been a number of breaches healed that way lately.

GENERAL MILLER.
This gallant soldier, whose brilliant achievement in the late war, at the battle of Bridgewater, has wreathed his brow with imperishable laurels, was at Washington at the recent Inauguration. A correspondent of the National Intelligencer, who noted General Miller's presence among the vast throng at the Capitol, has furnished the following sketch of the incidents connected with the occasion referred to:
"I'LL TRY, SIR."
AN INCIDENT AT THE BATTLE OF BRIDGEWATER.
On the 25th of July, 1814, the bloody battle of Bridgewater and Lundy's Lane took place near the banks of the Niagara. It was six o'clock, and a sultry evening, when the British forces under Gen. Drummond advanced to meet the American columns, and a more deadly contest never raged on the soil of our beloved country than that which then commenced; the roar of the neighboring cataract lost itself in the booming of the cannon—the voices of many waters and the voices of battle sang bass together—and the dead slept in sweet forgetfulness upon the moonlit hill. The first brigade under Gen. Scott, with Towson's artillery and a body of cavalry, sustained the attack of the British army for an hour unaided. Gen. Ripley with fresh troops now arrived, and relieved General Scott, while the latter, with his exhausted brigade, formed a reserve in the rear. The British artillery had taken post on an eminence at the head of Lundy's Lane, and were pouring forth a most deadly fire on the Americans. General Brown, the commander of the American forces, seeing the terrible havoc made by the enemy's cannon, concluded that it was necessary to dislodge them or retreat. It was a dreadful duty. The troops that were to march up Lundy's Lane might well say their prayers and make their wills before moving. It was certain death to every second man of the forlorn hope. As the commanding General rode along the foot of the hill, in thoughtful mood, he saw the brave Col. Miller advancing at the head of his newly-raised regiment for further orders. He rode up to him. "Will you advance and capture that battery?" said the General. "I will try, sir," said the modest Colonel. The General rode on, and the regiment gallantly wheeled and moved up Lundy's Lane. At every rod the artillery on the height sent its messengers of death through the dense column; but still there was no flinching. The voice of the noble Miller, as he waved his sword before the bloody gap, was heard uttering the short and expressive orders, "Steady men—close ranks—march." Around him, the flower of his regiment fell like the withered leaves of autumn; but he heeded not his loss; he was ordered to take the battery on the hill, and he intended to do it. He advanced therefore, coolly and steadily to his object. Amidst a tremendous blaze of artillery, and at the point of the bayonet he carried the height. It was a gallant deed. I have never heard of its equal except at the siege of San Sebastian. It was superior in temerity to Bonaparte's attack upon Little Gibraltar, at Toulon, because Miller had no covering for his troops in case of a retreat. It was a dead march to glory; yea, at every step the rear rank trod upon the dead and the dying; and the groans of suffering humanity mingled in with the hoarse rattle of the drum.
When the conqueror, with his remnant of a regiment, trod upon the heights at the head of Lundy's Lane, and turned the cannon upon the astonished enemy, a death struggle ensued between the American and British armies. "These guns will decide the battle; they must be regained, or the army of Britain will be cut to pieces, and, if regained, the Americans will be conquered." Such were the thoughts of each General. Now came the iron grip of war. A terrible conflict raged upon the height; and, when the morning sun arose upon Bridgewater, 1,600 soldiers, friends and foes, lay sleeping in gory death upon the hill side in Lundy's Lane. Surely, the battle of Bridgewater will never be forgotten by
the patriot, the historian or the poet; and, while the laurels of a Scott and a Ripley are green and unfading, let us not forget that the gallant Miller is alive, and that his country owes him a debt of gratitude which she can never repay. She, however, can say with her children when asked to aid him, as the hero said at Bridgewater to his commander when called upon to render him service, "I will try, sir." Let her try, for the sake of her honor; and may the day never dawn when the hero of Lundy's Lane shall be forgotten by an American citizen. We glory in the services of the brave. May the laurel circle the victor's brow in life, and at last hang upon a broken column over a deathless tomb! Reader, the hero of Lundy's Lane is beside you! D.
NAVAL BATTLES AND SURVIVING NAVAL HEROES.
The recent decease of Commodore Stevens has led us to ascertain the list of the dead and living commanders who shed so much lustre upon our national flag in the last war. War was declared in June, 1812. Peace was signed at Ghent, Dec. 24, 1814, and proclaimed by the President, Feb. 18, 1815.
There were fifteen naval actions between British and American vessels of war. In eleven battles fought by single ships, the Americans conquered; in four only the British triumphed—two of which were by single ships, viz: Chesapeake, of 47 guns, taken by the Shannon, 52; and the Argus, 16 guns, taken by the Pelican, 20. The other two British captures were two to one and four to one against us.
During the war, there were captured from the British, on the ocean, three frigates, and fifteen sloops of war, and smaller ships: and on the Lakes, thirteen, several of them frigates and sloops. The whole number captured by the Americans were thirty-one. The British took from us, and destroyed at navy yards, but twenty-three armed vessels, viz: three frigates, (Chesapeake, President, and Essex,) twelve sloops and gun brigs, and eight schooners. Of the commanders who fought the naval battles, there have died—
Decatur, who took the Macedonian, Oct. 25, 1812. Bainbridge, who took the Java, Dec. 29, 1812. Lawrence, who took the Peacock, Feb. 24, 1813. Burrows, who took the Boxer, Sept. 5, 1813. Blakely, who took the Reindeer, June 23, 1814. Also the Avon, Sept. 7, 1814.
Perry, of the Lawrence; Almy, of the Somers; Conklin, of the Tigress; Senatt, of the Porcupine; and T. Holdup Stevens, of the Trippe, of Commodore Perry's squadron that captured the British squadron of six ships on Lake Erie, Sept. 10, 1813.
Macdonough, of the Saratoga, and Henley, of the Eagle, of Commodore Macdonough's squadron that captured the British squadron of four vessels on Lake Champlain, Sept. 11, 1814.
Allen, of the Argus, taken by the Pelican, Aug. 14 1813. The surviving Naval Commanders in the last war, who achieved victories, are
Isaac Hull, who took the Guerriere, Aug. 20, 1812. David Porter, who took the Alert, Aug. 13, 1812, and fought the ships Phoebe and Cherub, at Valparaiso, March 28, 1814.
Jacob Jones, who fought the Frolic, Oct. 18, 1812. Lewis Warrington, who took the Epervier, April 29, 1814.
Charles Stewart, who took the two sloops Levant and Cyane with the Constitution, Feb. 20, 1815.
Jesse D. Elliot, who commanded the Niagara in Perry's victory.
Daniel Turner, who commanded the Caledonia. Stephen Champlin, who commanded the Scorpion. Stephen Cassin, of the Ticonderoga, in Macdonough's victory.
Of the surviving commanders, all are Post Captains except commander Champlin and captain Porter.
There are many survivors still on the list of our gallant naval officers who were distinguished by bravery and conduct, in the war, under the command of superiors; but the above are all the survivors of those that had immediate commands. The catalogue presents thirteen deceased and nine living.— Boston Morning Post.
THE REAL "TEMPERANCE CORDIAL."
BY MRS. S. C. HALL.
'Well,' said Andrew Furlong to James Lacey, 'well! that ginger cordial, of all the things that I ever tasted, is the nicest and warmest. It's beautiful stuff, and so cheap.'
'What good does it do you, Andrew? and what want have you of it?' inquired James Lacey.
'What good does it do me?' repeated Andrew, rubbing his forehead in a manner that showed he was perplexed by the question; 'why no great good, to be sure; and I can't say I've any want of it; for since I became a member of the Total Abstinence Society, I've lost the megrim in my head and the weakness I used to have about my heart. I'm as strong and hearty in myself as any one can be, God be praised! And sure, James, neither of us could turn out in such a coat as this, this time twelvemonth.'
'And that's true,' replied James; 'but we must remember that if leaving off whiskey enables us to show a good habit, taking to "ginger cordial," or any thing of that kind, will soon wear a hole in it.'
'You are always full of your sun,' replied Andrew. 'How can you prove that?'
'Easy enough,' said James. 'Intoxication was the worst part of a whiskey drinking habit; but it was not the only bad part. It spent TIME, and it spent what well-managed time always gives, money. Now, though they do say—mind I'm not quite sure about it, for they may put things in it they don't own to, and your eyes look brighter, and your cheek more flushed than if you had been drinking nothing stronger than milk or water—but they do say that ginger cordials, and all kinds of cordials, do not intoxicate. I will grant this, but you cannot deny that they waste both time and money.'
'Oh, brother!' exclaimed Andrew, 'I only went with two or three other boys to have a glass, and I don't think we spent more than half an hour—not three quarters, certainly; and there's no great harm in laying out a penny or two pence that way now and again.'
'Half an hour, even, breaks a day,' said James, 'and what is worse, it unsettles the mind for work; and we ought to be very careful of any return to the old habit, that has destroyed many of us, body and soul, and made the name of an Irishman a byword and a reproach, instead of a glory and an honor. A penny, Andrew, breaks the silver shilling into coppers; and two pence will buy half a stone of potatoes—that's a consideration. If we don't manage to keep things comfortable at home, the women won't have the heart to mend the coat.—Not,' added James with a sly smile, 'that I can deny having taken to temperance cordials myself.'
'You!' shouted Andrew, 'you! a pretty fellow you are to be blaming me, and then forced to confess you have taken to them yourself. But I suppose they'll wear no hole in your coat? Oh, to be sure not, you are such a good manager!'
'Indeed,' answered James, 'I was any thing but a good manager eighteen months ago; as you well know, I was in rags, never at my work of a Monday, and seldom on Tuesday. My poor wife, my gentle patient Mary, often bore hard words; and although she will own it, I fear still harder blows, when I had driven away my senses. My children were pale, half-starved naked creatures, disputing a potatoe with the pig my wife tried to keep to pay the rent, well knowing I would never do it. Now—'
'But the cordial?' interrupted Andrew, 'the cordial!—sure I believe every word of what you've been telling me is as true as the gospel; ain't there hundreds, ay,

thousands, at this moment, on Ireland's blessed ground, that can tell the same story. But the cordial! and to think of your never owning it before; is it ginger, or anniseed, or peppermint?
'None of these—and yet it's the rare thing, my boy.' 'Well then,' persisted Andrew, 'let's have a drop of it, you're not going, I'm sure, to drink by yourself—and as I've broke the afternoon.'
A heavy shadow passed over James' face, for he saw that there must have been something hotter than even ginger in the 'temperance cordial,' as it was falsely called, that Andrew had taken, or else he would have endeavored to save lost time, not to waste more; and he thought how much better the real temperance cordial was, that instead of warming the brain, only warms the heart.
'No,' he replied after a pause, 'I must go and finish what I was about; but this evening at seven o'clock meet me at the end of our lane, and then I'll be very happy of your company.'
Andrew was sorely puzzled to discover what James' cordial could be, and was forced to confess to himself that he hoped it would be different from what he had taken that afternoon, which certainly had made him feel confused and inactive.
At the appointed hour the friends met in the lane.
'Which way do we go,' inquired Andrew.
'Home,' was James' brief reply.
'Oh, you take it at home?' said Andrew.
'I make it at home?' answered James.
'Well,' observed Andrew, 'that's very good of the woman that owns ye. How, mine takes on so about a drop of any thing, that she's as hard almost on the cordials as she used to be on the whiskey.'
'My Mary helps to make mine,' observed James.
'And do you bottle it or keep it on draught?' inquired Andrew; very much interested in the 'cordial' question.
James laughed very heartily at this, and answered.
'Oh I keep mine on draught—always on draught; there's nothing like having plenty of a good thing so I keep mine always on draught;' and then James laughed again, and so heartily that Andrew thought surely his real temperance cordial must contain something quite as strong as what he had blamed him for taking.
James's cottage door was open, and as they approached it, they saw a good deal of what was going forward within: A square table placed in the centre of the little kitchen, was covered by a clean white cloth—knives, forks and plates for the whole family, were ranged upon it in excellent order; the hearth had been swept, the house was clean, the children rosy, well dressed, and all doing something. 'Mary,' whom her husband has characterized as 'the patient,' was busy and bustling in the very act of adding to the coffee, which was steaming on the table, the substantial accompaniments of fried eggs and bacon, with a large dish of potatoes.
When the children saw their father, they ran to meet him with great a shout and clung around to tell him all they had done that day. The eldest girl declared she had achieved the heel of a stocking; one boy wanted his father to come and see how straight he had planted the cabbages; while another avowed his proficiency in addition, and volunteered to do a sum instanter upon a slate, which he had just cleaned. Happiness in a cottage seems always more real than it does in a gorgeous palace. It is not wasted in large rooms—it is concentrated—a great deal of love in a small space; a great, great deal of joy within narrow walls, and compressed, as it were, by a low roof. Is it not a blessed thing that the most narrow means become enlarged by the affections?—that the love of a peasant within his sphere is as deep, as fervent, as true, as lasting, as sweet, as the love of a prince?—that all our best and purest affections will grow and expand in the poorest worldly soil?—and that we need not be rich to be happy?
James felt all this and more when he entered his cot-
tage, and was thankful to God, who had opened his eyes, and taught him what a number of this world's gifts that were within even his humble reach might be enjoyed without sin. He stood—a poor, but happy father, within the sacred temple of his home: and Andrew had the warm heart of an Irishman beating in his bosom and filling him with joy.
'I told you,' said James, 'I had the true temperance cordial at home; do you see it in the simple prosperity by which, owing to the blessings of temperance, I am surrounded?—do you not see it in the rosy cheeks of my children, in the smiling eyes of my wife—did I not tell truly that she helped to make it? Is not this true cordial,' he continued, while his own eyes glistened with many tears, 'is not the prosperity of this cottage a true temperance cordial?—and is it not always on draught, flowing from an ever-filling fountain? Am I not right, Andrew; and will you not forthwith take my receipt; and make it for yourself? You will never wish any other; it is warmer than ginger, and sweeter than anniseed. I am sure you will agree with me, that a loving wife, in the enjoyment of the humble comforts which an industrious, sober husband can bestow—smiling, healthy, well clad children, and a clean cabin, where the fear of God banishes all other fears, make the true temperance cordial?'
To the Editor of the Boston Courier:
Sir: This is an age of discoveries, and the human race have reason to bless their lucky stars for having been born at a period when so many disinterested people are communicating to the world their invaluable secrets for the prolongation of life and the preservation of health. Being well acquainted with the philanthropy of your disposition, nothing has astonished me more than your neglecting to notice my invaluable discovery of the Patent Chemical Turnip-top Candy.
Is it possible, sir, that you never read the newspapers? They are full of it. Just take up either of those famous journals—the "Penny whistle," the "Tin Trumpet," the "Small-talk Intelligencer," the "Piddleton Gazette," or the "Mung Messenger,"—they talk of nothing else; the editors make it a standing topic: why then cannot you?
The Turnip-top Candy (I send you a couple of sticks herewith) is a sovereign remedy for coughs, colds, consumptions, catarrhs, cachexics, catalepsies, cataracts, contusions, confusions, dropsy, dyspepsia, diabetes, dizziness, drowsiness, deafness and dumpishness. It purifies the blood and purges the bowels; strengthens the stomach and stops bleeding at the nose; dispels vapors and drives away melancholy. The whole system is renewed, and resuscitated, and reinstated, and revived by it. But its highest commendation remains to be specified: it is a
CERTAIN CURE FOR THE TOE-ACHE!
Have you never seen my bills, plastered up by thousands, at shop windows and at the corners of the streets? Sir, the city is full of them, and so is every city in the United States. They are in great staring letters, and begin thus:—
"TAKE CARE OF YOUR TOES!!!" "BUBBLEUM'S PATENT CHEMICAL TURNIP-TOP CANDY!!!"
Mr. Editor, I could fill your paper with testimonials of the marvellous success of this wonderful candy: more than 40,000 toes have been restored to perfect health by it, in this city alone. Half the people in my neighborhood assure me they could not walk without taking it. The most desperate cases are cured in a day, though a great toe will sometimes take forty-eight hours. Half a dozen sticks are a dose—they are only ninepence a stick, and made of the very best of turnip-tops and molasses.
I have just received a letter from Constantinople, showing that its fame has penetrated even into the capital of the great Turkish empire. It is in the following words:
CONSTANTINOPLE, Jan. 1, 1841.
Benjamin Bubbleum, Esq! Language, my dear sir, can but feebly express the deep excitement which is produced throughout the whole Levant by the recent importation of your invaluable Turnip-top Candy. It cured the Grand Seignior of a pain in his great toe, which had afflicted him ever since he kicked out the old Vizier. One of the dancing dervishes, who had been out of service for sixteen years, in consequence of having no toes at all, has lately cut an entire new set, with nails complete, and is now able to cut capers and "toe the mark" with the best of them: and this by taking only a stick and a half!! The divan are now estimating how many ship-loads will be wanted for the army in the next campaign against the Russians—the loss of toes being always enormous among the troops when they encamp in the snow. In short, my dear Mr. Bubbleum, you are considered here to be the Greatest Bubble in America.
(Signed.) JOHN SMITH, Jr.
Mr. Editor, you will not hesitate to give publicity to the above document. More are in my possession, if wanted. In fact, I have letters and certificates, and affidavits sufficient to paper the great hall of the state-house. Will you take the trouble to call and look at them? Sir, toes are a very important part of the animal frame; and I consider myself a greater man than General Jackson; he vetoed the nation, but I have re-toed it.
Yours, BENJAMIN BUBBLEUM.
"With the Humble there is perpetual Peace."
Business.—Men usually, that is business men, undertake too much for their interest or comfort. It is a strong temptation for an enterprising young man to do a large business, if he may as well as not: he sees others, his associates, branching out and extending on every hand, and doing it apparently with success. But wait a few years—and where are they? Among all the busy throng one or two in a hundred have succeeded; the rest, like shipwrecked mariners, are glad to escape with their lives after losing everything else. Too much is left to chance. Not only so, but what great benefit can we propose to ourselves if we get rich? Do riches confer happiness? Do they not usually entail misery upon any family? Not only in the unsatisfied pride and unreal wants that they create, but also in those habits of idleness and luxury which must inevitably lead to misery.
But to return—if men intend to be rich, to do a great business is not the way to be so. Look around and observe: who among all the wealthy became so by commencing a great business! Their wealth came by small beginnings, which were extended very slowly and very carefully; and never at any time, or scarcely so, will it be found that it was extended beyond their perfect control.
Again—this small careful way of doing business is best for the community. Sudden riches are an evil to the possessor, and also an evil to society at large. It stimulates adventurous spirits to do the like: a few years past have learnt us a lesson on that score which will not soon be forgotten. But sudden riches also very often precede a sudden downfall, which scarcely ever happens without involving many innocent persons in the same catastrophe.
There is another very important reason which should weigh with all, our happiness is not advanced in having a large amount of property to care for, either in business or out of it. To desire little—to get into the habit of desiring little—in a word, to possess the spirit of a meek and humble Christian—to follow in the footsteps of the lowly Saviour—is the truest way to happiness here and hereafter too.
"Hail blest state of lowliness— Happy enjoyment of such minds As, rich in self contentedness, Can, like the reeds in roughest winds, By yielding make that blow but small At which proud oaks and cedars fall."
Newark Advertiser.

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON HEALTH. —The following extract exhibits not only a curious fact in relation to the effects of cold on the degree of mortality, but also the remarkably efficient action of the new system of registration of deaths lately adopted in England.
From the London Lancet , January 2, 1841.
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE.
"The reduction of temperature alone, when the atmosphere reaches the freezing point, is fatal to a certain number of persons."
The tables of mortality published at the General Registrar office for the last six weeks, afforded a striking illustration of this principle. The weather, after having been wet and mild, grew cold rather suddenly, and the immediate result was an increase in the number of deaths registered from 862 to 1087. The following were the numbers of deaths in the six weeks; and the temperature has been added from the tables kept at the Royal Society's Rooms by Mr. Robertson.
   Week ending No. of deaths registered. Temperature.   Saturday Daily mean. Highest. Lowest.     November 14th, 885 48 55 41   " 21st, 897 45 61 35   " 28th, 862 42 54 33   December 5th, 1087 41 55 30   " 12th, 1059 49 45 34   " 19th, 1056 30 40 21  
The greatest increase was in the class of pulmonary diseases; but we cannot now enter into a full discussion on the influence of cold, and shall merely recommend the careful study of the detailed tables to our readers. Every disease presents some positive or negative fact of importance to the medical practitioner. The old bills of mortality deserved little reliance in comparisons of this kind, for the returns were not made regularly; and it often happened that the deaths which occurred during a year in a particular parish, were entered at once in the bill of a week. The standard of calculation and comparison were thus constantly disturbed, until it became no standard at all. Science is therefore greatly indebted to the Registrar General for the publication of the series of weekly tables, which have been commenced and have been regularly continued during the past year. We have ascertained that not a single return has been omitted on any one week from any of the one hundred and twenty-five metropolitan districts; so that the tables are comparable, and indicate, as will be observed, any variation in the mortality, whether from the weather or epidemic influences, as accurately as the thermometer exhibits the temperature.
HINTS ON HEALTH. —Avoid excess of food as the principal source of dyspepsia. Five or six hours should elapse between meals. Commercial and professional men should avoid long fasting. Do not hurry from dinner to business—rest an hour afterward. Never eat things out of season, nor much of dishes to which you are unaccustomed. Much liquid at dinner delays the digestion. Avoid intemperance. Water is the most wholesome beverage. Excess of fermented liquors is highly injurious. Useful exertion is indispensable to health and happiness. Muscular exercise, well regulated, is conducive to longevity. The sedentary should walk whenever they have an opportunity. Never continue exercise after it has become painful. Standing at a high desk to write, when fatigued with sitting, will be found highly beneficial to literary men. The constant use of soft stuffed seats is injurious. Rooms in which the sedentary are employed should be warmed by fires in open grates, which assist ventilation; not by steam, hot water, gas, or close stoves. Never stand or sit with your back to the fire. Mental excitement is one of the most prevalent causes of disease, producing dyspepsia, monomania, and insanity. Few things tend more to the preservation of health and the prolongation of life, than the maintenance of a calm, cheerful, and contented state of mind, and the cultivation of feelings of affection. Mental inactivity is scarcely less injurious than excessive
exercise, giving rise to hypochondriasis. In the choice of professions, the talents, disposition, and natural bent of the mind of the individuals ought to be studied. Trips into the country, to watering and sea-bathing places, are highly beneficial to those who live in towns. Marriage is favorable to health, but should not be contracted too early. Tobacco injures digestion and relaxes the nerves.
FROM THE LOUISVILLE GAZETTE.
Mr. Editor: —The following epitaph found upon a cannon in the Island of Jamaica, near the spot where the remains of Bradshaw the chief of the regicide judges was interred, and published in a newspaper in this country in 1775, is the noblest production of its kind I ever met with.
The reader will find in the closing line, that great maxim which has hitherto been erroneously ascribed to Thomas Jefferson.
STRANGER!
Ere thou pass, contemplate this cannon; Nor regardless be told, That near its base, lies deposited the dust of JOHN BRADSHAW, Who, nobly, superior to all selfish regards, Despising alike the pageantry of courtly splendor, The blast of calumny and the terrors of vengeance, Presided in the illustrious band of heroes and patriots, Who fairly and openly adjudged CHARLES STUART, Tyrant of England, To a public and exemplary death; Thereby presenting to the amazed world, And transmitting down, through applauding ages, The most glorious example, Of unshaken virtue, love of freedom, and impartial justice, Ever exhibited on the blood-stained theatre of human action.
O! Reader,
Pass not on till thou hast blessed his memory:
And never, never forget,
THAT REBELLION TO TYRANTS IS OBEDIENCE TO GOD.
ANECDOLE OF SCHLABERNDORF. —The following anecdote of Schlaberndorf, who saved his life by losing his boots, is curious, and, we believe new:—
"One morning the death-cart came for its usual number of daily victims; and Schlaberndorf's name was called out. He immediately with the greatest coolness and good humor prepared for departure; presence of mind in some shape, a grand stoicism or mere indifference, were common in those terrible times. And Schlaberndorf was not the man to make an ungraceful departure, when the unavoidable must of fate stood sternly before him. He was soon dressed, only his boots were missing; he sought and sought, and sought, and the gaoler sought with him in this corner and in that; but they were not to be found. 'Well,' said Schlaberndorf sharply, 'this is too bad: to be guillotined without my boots will never do. Hark ye, my good friend,' continued he with simple good humor to the gaoler, 'take me to-morrow; one day makes no difference; it is the man they want, not Tuesday or Wednesday.' The gaoler agreed. The waggon full enough without the one head, went off to its destination; Schlaberndorf remained in the prison. Next morning, at the usual hour, the vehicle returned; and the victim who had so strangely escaped on the previous day was ready, boots and all, waiting the word of command. But behold! his name was not heard that day; nor the third day, nor the fourth; and not at all. There was no mystery in the matter. It was naturally supposed that he had fallen with the other victims named for the original day; in the multitude of sufferers no one could curiously inquire for an individual; for the days that followed there were enough of victims without him; and so he remained in prison till the fall of Robespierre, when
with so many others he recovered his liberty. He owed this miraculous escape, not the least strange in the strange history of the revolution, partly to the kindness of the gaoler, partly and mainly to his good temper. He was a universal favorite in the gaol."— Foreign Quarterly.
IMPORTANT RESULTS. —The Cincinnati Chronicle , copying a long statistical table from Niles' Register , in reference to the trade between the United States and Europe, accompanies it by the following summing-up of results.
1st. We are about two hundred and fifty millions of dollars, in one form or another in debt to Europe.
2d. That, in point of national economy, the administration of John Quincy Adams and James Monroe, were the most successful of any we have had.
3d. That at the end of Mr. Van Buren's administration, we were just forty millions of dollars more in debt than at the beginning.
4th. In the four years of Mr. Adams' administration, the nation made just twenty millions of dollars by foreign trade.
5th. The most economical administration and the most prosperous was the one under the highest tariff.
TEMPERANCE CAKES. —The Editor of the U. S. Gazette , who is, as he deserves to be, one of the most fortunate of the editorial fraternity, has received from a subscriber, a plate of temperance cakes, which he avers are excellent—accompanied with the following receipt for making them:
"Take two pounds of wheat flour, three-fourths of a pound of fresh lard or butter, one pound of powdered white sugar, one nutmeg grated. After the flour and butter have been incorporated, lay the sugar in and pour upon it a small teaspoonful of saleratus, previously dissolved in a large teaspoonful of boiling water; have well beaten six eggs, and with a spoon incorporate them all well together, till it can be moulded with the hands; roll it thin, cut with a tumbler, and bake in a few minutes in a quick oven without turning. I can recommend these cakes as particularly delicious, when eaten with fruse of COLD WATER."
A WIFE PACKED UP. —In the correspondence from Algiers of the Toulonnais , the following singular story is related.—During the Marshal's last expedition, one of our chasseurs found, near the tents of a tribe we were ravaging, a sack of considerable magnitude. Without seeking to know its contents, he fastened it on the crupper of his horse. Ere long, to his utter astonishment, he heard a human voice issue from his burthen, and dismounted to solve the mystery. On opening the sack, he discovered a beautiful female, between 16 and 17 years of age, and a valise containing about 10,000 francs. It appears that the young woman was the wife of an Arab who had thus packed her up with his money as his two greatest valuables, but in his terror had abandoned them both. The soldier placed his living prize on one of the ammunition wagons, and divided the money with his comrades.
MISS WILBERFORCE. —When Mr. Wilberforce was chosen member for York, his daughter in walking home from the scene of the election, was cheered by an immense crowd, who followed her to her own door, crying, "Miss Wilberforce for ever! Miss Wilberforce for ever!" The young lady turned, as she was ascending the stairs, and motioning to the populace to be quiet, said, very emphatically, "Nay, gentlemen, if you please, not Miss Wilberforce for ever," which sent them all home in good humor.
☞ The SUPPLEMENT TO THE COURANT will be furnished to those who do not take the paper, for ONE DOLLAR per annum.

perceived Albany N.Y. Mch. found in
Rev
WIDOW, &c.
Apr. 18/96 Soldier D. C. M. Culver
File No. 171 841
Emma Mansell
Widow of
Abraham Mansell
Rev. from War
Nov 14/96 paid Chas C Taylor NY City NY July 6-1900 Ino. C. V. Stolzenberg
History To 7-Rev. Albany N.Y.
Act: July 4th 86
Index: Vol. 16 Page 42
[Arrangement of 1870.]

David Williams, Publisher.
Main Office
232-238 William Street.
New York, Oct. 29 1896
Hon Commission of Pensions Washington D.C.
Dear Sir:
Will you kindly furnish me a copy of the record of service of Hezekiah Munsell , a pensioner of the War of the Revolution , and greatly oblige
Yours very truly Chas. C. Gailor
ad Mrs
Elizabeth, N.J.
PS - Mr Munsell was from Windsor Conn., and served in a Connecticut Regiment. Died 1844.

own rec
#110 East Main Street New Albany, Indiana
June 27 th 1900.
Officer in charge of Revolutionary Rolls Pension Office.
Dear Sir,
Can you give me the service of Hezekiah Munsell of Windsor, Connecticut , who was out in 4 campaigns in the Revolutionary War?
Yours respectfully,
John H. Stotsenburg

40P Francis Munn Clerk - 4091 - Ct. Wk -36. Hon. J. L. Edwards. Commissioner of the Washington.
Ans d on 10 Oct 15 '44

Q 11 1/2 44
Francis Munnel Clerk -
4091 - Ct wh -36.
REC.
Hon. J. L. Edwards. Commissioner of Pensions Washington. D. C.

East Windsor, Hartford County Conn October 10, 1844.
Sir.
The Pension certificate for Irene Munsell, widow of Hezekiah Munsell is received by me. Mr Munsell was pensioned at the rate of $58.78 per annum; and Mrs Munsell at $52.22. I write Sir, to enquire the reason of the difference, for I may be able to send satisfactory evidence that too much has been deducted from the original sum granted her husband, (if anything ought to have been, in consequence of the more precise information now possessed by the department, than there was when the pensions were granted under the act of June 7 th 1832.
I am Sir, most respectfully your obed t Servant.
J. M. Charlton
J. L. Edwards Esq Commissioner of Pensions Washington D. C.

673.5
Hezekiah Mansell
15 in 20 deep
$ 52.22
  1520  ✓     129   60      128    17.19   58.78  
Y. H. Parsons
Stafford Ct

BRIEF objections to the admission of Pension Claims , of which those answered in the negative, in red ink, will apply to the claim of Hezekiah Munsell which require further proof or explanation.
I. Does the declaration show where the applicant resides? Yes II. Did the declarant make the declaration in the county where he resides? Yes III. If the applicant did not make the declaration in the county where he resides, is there any reason assigned for his not doing so? (No reason assigned) IV. Has the declarant mentioned the period or periods of the war when he served? Yes V. * Has he mentioned with precision the length of his service, and the different grades in which he served, in language so definite as to enable the department to determine to what amount of pension he is entitled? No VI. Has he given the names of the officers under whom he served, in conformity with the regulations? Yes VII. Has he made a relinquishment of every claim to any other pension than the one under the Act of June 7, 1832? Yes VIII. Has the Court given their opinion? Yes IX. Has the Clerk given his certificate? Yes X. Is the Clerk's seal affixed? And if so, has it a device or inscription by which it can be distinguished from any other seal? Yes

XI. Has the applicant obtained the evidence of a clergyman and another respectable citizen as to their belief respecting his age and the general belief in his neighborhood relative to his revolutionary service? Yes
XII. If the clergyman's affidavit has not been produced, is there any reason assigned for not obtaining it? Yes
XIII. If the applicant has no documentary evidence, and has not obtained the testimony of at least one living witness, has he stated in his declaration that such proof cannot be had? Yes
XIV. † If the applicant has produced a witness or witnesses as to his service, has the magistrate who administered the oath certified that he, she, or they are persons of credibility? Yes Has the official character and signature of the magistrate been certified by the proper officer under his seal of office? No
XV. Does it appear from any of the papers that the witness was in such a situation, or of such an age, as to have a personal knowledge of the applicant's service? Yes
XVI. ‡ Are the papers authenticated as the regulations direct? No
XVII. Are the seven interrogatories prescribed by the War Department answered satisfactorily? And, if not, which of them is not so answered? Yes
EXPLANATORY NOTES.
* QUERE V. In a case where the applicant cannot, by reason of the loss of memory, state precisely how long he served, he should amend his declaration by making an affidavit in the following words:
“Personally appeared before me, the undersigned, a Justice of the Peace, &c. A. B. who, being duly sworn, deposeth and saith, that, by reason of old age, and the consequent loss of memory, he cannot swear positively as to the precise length of his service, but according to the best of his recollection he served not less than the periods mentioned below, and in the following grades: For _____ year _____ months and _____ days, I served as a _____. For _____ months and _____ days, I served as a _____; and for such service I claim a pension.”

It is important in all cases to determine with precision the period for which the applicant served, and the particular rank he held, as the law directs the pension to be paid according to the grade of the pensioner and the length of his service. The use of the phrase about three or four months is too indefinite, and all such qualifying expressions are objectionable.
†QUERE XIV. Proof of Service.
In a case where the name of the applicant is not found on the records of the Department, he must prove his service by two credible witnesses, who are required to set forth in their affidavits the time of the claimants entering the service, and the time and manner of his leaving the same, as well as the regiment, company, and line to which he belonged. The magistrate who may administer the oaths must certify to the credibility of the witnesses, and the official character and signature of the magistrate must be certified by the proper officer, under his seal of office.
†QUERE XVI. Mode of authenticating papers.
In every instance where the certificate of the certifying officer who authenticated the papers is not written on the same sheet of paper which contains the affidavit, or other paper authenticated, the certificate must be attached thereto by a piece of tape or narrow ribbon, the end of which must pass under the seal of office of the certifying officer, so as to prevent any paper from being improperly attached to the certificate.

Hezekiah Russell

Comptrollers Office Aug. 23 rd 1833.
I Elisha Phelps, Comptroller of Public Accounts of the State of Connecticut do certify, that it appears by an authenticated copy of the pay roll of the 2 nd Co. 4 th Reg t raised in the Colony of Connecticut by order of the General Assembly May 1775 that Hereticah Mansell inserted into said company on the 21 st day of May 1775, and served therein as a private until the 20 th day of December 1775 having served therein six months & twenty nine days E. Phelps
I have been requested to state that the 4 th regiment was one of the six that were raised in this State for seven months May 1775 — E. Phelps

Hartford September 14 th 1893
Lin
On the 22 nd Ult o . I forwarded to you a Certificate from the Comptroller of this State, that Henekeah Mansell served 6 months & 29 days in Colonel Pitkins regiment in 1775 in stead of 5 months as stated in your letter of 17 th same month I now enclose the pension Certificate issued August 20 th in favor of said Mansell and would respectfully request that the additional allowance  pension of at least 1 month & 29 days may be added to his pension -- and also, that the extra service of one month as set forth in his declaration and proved by his witnesses may be allowed him.
Your early attention to the above will oblige Yrs obly
J. L. Edwards Esq Comr of Revenue Washington
Sam H. Pardon

East Windsor Hartford Co. Ct
June 12 th 1844
Sir
I send herewith the application of Mrs. Anne Hunsell Widow of Rev. Hunsell late of said East Windsor for a pension under the act of July 4 th 1836 —
I send herewith it a Newspaper giving some account of Mr. Hunsell which corroborates the Widows claim.
The notice there contained is from Rev Mr Root one of Mr Hunsells witnesses I also send the Supplement of the last Courant which containing some further account of Mr M. together with notice of his death.
Respectfully Yours
James H. Charlton
J. V. Edwards Esq. Commissioner of Pensions Washington

6228
Irena Mansell Widow of Ebenezer Con
act 4 July 1836
Adm d 15 Mo 20 days private, Commencement on 15 day of April 1844 $52 22
James H. Chailton East Windsor Con.

Aug 27 1883
Dear Sir
Pension Office
Dear Sir My of Mar Washington
Y

1- J Hon: Lewis Cass Secretary of War Washington

Hartford August 22nd 1833
Sir,
Herekiah Munsell, in his declaration under oath of June 1832, states that he enlisted for seven months, under Colonel George Pitkin in 1775, and served  one month longer than the term of enlistment, by the Special request of his Officers.
I have rec d your letter of 17 th inst. in which you admit only five months for this service, on the ground that one of the battalions commanded by Colonel Pitkin is believed to have served only for the latter period. I have examined the Original pay roll of Colonel Pitkin's Regiment lodged in the Comptroller's Office in this State and find the name of Herekiah Munsell enrolled for Six months and 29 days . The subsequent detention of one month not being noticed in the pay roll, inasmuch as there was no subsequent enlistment , but merely

a detention by the request of the officers I have enclosed the Campbrottes certificate by which Mr Mansell is entitled to one month and 29 days more than is allowed in your letter of 17 inst. - and if Mr Mansell (who is an intelligent & respectable man) is credited, another month will be allowed for detention, by request of his officers I beg you will cause an immediate correc- tion of this error. and oblige
Yours very obedient Servant
Samuel W Parsons
J. L. Edwards Esq Commissioner of Pensions Washington.

O. W. & N. Div. P. S. M. E. C. W. 17184.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, BUREAU OF PENSIONS,
WASHINGTON, D. C., April 18, 1896.
Sir:
In response to your request for the military record of Hezekiah Munsell, a soldier of the Revolutionary war, you are advised that he made an application for pension on July 26, 1832, at which time he was residing in East Windsor, Conn., and his pension was allowed for fifteen months and twenty days' actual service as a private in the Connecticut troops, Revolutionary war; a part of the time served under Capt. George Pitkin and Col. Hinman. Enlisted at East Windsor, Conn.
Very respectfully,
Commissioner.
Dr. C. M. Culver, 36 Eagle St., Albany, N. Y.

17184 - 0000
H. G. Mearnsell
July 26 - 1832 - 79
East Windsor Conn.
In East Windsor Conn.
Apr 25 Capt Samuel Strongton
Col -
3 wks
- 75 May 5, June
Col. Geo. Fitch
8 mos
Aug 28 Capt Churchill
Col - 1 m
Sept 80 Capt Israel Converse
to Nov. 11, 80
moved Jan 76
Capt Simon Walcott
Col Fisher Gay 7 m
Born Jan 17, 1753. married Anne Bissell Jan 24, 1777 - died Apr 14 1840,
No Prob

P
Mr D. J. Murphy -
Commissions of Pension I think that my Great- Grandfather William Paine of Conn. enlisted in the Revolution. His son, my Grandfather, Lyman Paine went to live in Auburn, New York. They may have spelt their name with a y in an early day. My Grandfather Lyman Paine married Polly Swift. Her Father, Hester, was of some service during the Revolution but I do not know his Christian name. The

families lived near New Milford and Cornwall Conn. Would like certificate of sur An early answer will oblige
Mrs. Martha Paine Higgin 715 Fair Oaks Ave. Oak Park Ill.
Oct. 22 nd 1906
P.S. Please tell me where to get Molecul. History of the Paine, Swope and Knapp of Conn. and New York.