Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty Land Warrant Application File R. 10,821, John Valentine, Va.

SERVICE
NUMBER _____
U.S. ..... .....
Valentine John Mary
R. 10.821
CONTENTS

State of Virginia Shenandoah County } ss } 10
On this 10 day of February 1842 personally appeared before me the subscriber a justice of the peace in and for the County aforesaid, Mary Valentine a resident of Shenandoah County, aged Ninety two years, who being first duly sworn according to law, doth on her oath, make the following declaration, in order to obtain the benefit of the provision made by the act of Congress, passed July 7. 1838, entitled "An act granting half pay, and pensions to certain widows;" That she is the widow of John Valentine, whom she has often heard State, that he had entered into the regular army and had served in the army nearly all or quite to the end of the war; that he lived in the County of Shenandoah in the State of Virginia at the time of his enlistment, and that she cannot now State (in consequence of old age and the loss of her memory) the names of any of the officers under whom her husband served, neither can she State to what Regiment he belonged; but she has often heard him say that he was wounded whilst in the service having been shot through the ankle, and that he was entitled to one hundred acres of Land for his services as a soldier in the Revolutionary war; she therefore begs leave to refer to the evidence accompanying her declaration for the proof of his services in the war aforesaid; She further declares that she was married to the said John Valentine, to the best of her recollection and belief in the fall or winter of 1786; that she was married by a preacher by the name of John Koontz and that her maiden name before marriage was was Mary Griffith; that her husband the aforesaid John Valentine died died to the best of her recollection on the            day of October 1829 that she was not married to him prior to his leaving the service,

but the marriage took place previous to the first day of January Seventeen hundred and ninety four; viz at the time above stated
Mary her Valentine mark
Sworn to and subscribed on the day and year before written before me George M. Girtuff P.
I certify that I am well acquainted with Mary Valentine and that she is unable to appear in Court in consequence of old age and bodily infirmity, and that she is entitled to full dower, the name of John Valentine interlined before qualified to George M. Girtuff P.
State of Virginia Shenandoah County ss.
On this 10 th day of February 1842 before me a justice of the peace in and for the County aforesaid personally appeared Rebecca Clem and made oath in due form of law, that she was well acquainted with John Valentine, the late husband of Mary Valentine, and that the said John Valentine died on the day of October 1829, and that the said Mary Valentine has never intermarried but still contin- ues to be his widow
Rebecca her Clem mark
Sworn to and subscribed on the day and year above written before me, George M. Girtuff P.
I certify that I well acquainted with Rebecca Clem and that she is entitled to full dower
George M. Girtuff P.

Virginia Shenandoah County ss
I Philip Williams Clerk of the County Court of Shenandoah Certify that among the record of marriage certificates I find the following Agreeable to the licenses brought to me I the Subscriber John Koonts have married the following persons viz
John Valentine and Mary Griffith Jan'y 3 1756. and that the same is a true copy
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of said Court at the Court House this 2 nd day of March 1842 and in the 66 th year of the Commonwealth
P Williams Ed. S. H.
State of Virginia
S Shenandoah County ss
At a Court held for the County of Shenandoah on this 7 th day of March 1842 The declaration of Mary Valentine made under the provisions of an act of Congress entitled an act granting half pay and pensions to certain widows passed July 7 1828, bearing date Feby 10 1842 together with the certificate of George W. McIntuff a Justice of the Peace in and for the County of Shenandoah and State of Virginia was produced in open Court upon examination of the said declaration and certificate, the Court doth order that it be certified to the War Department at Washington City that the said declaration and certificate and other proceedings annexed are approved of by the Court
In testimony whereof, and further to certify that George McIntuff before whom the said declaration and affidavits were made was at the time a Justice of the Peace in and for said County duly commissioned and qualified. I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of said Court this 9 th day of March 1842
P Williams Ed. S. H.

State of Virginia } Shenandoah County } S.S.
Be it known that on this 14 th day of April 1845 before me the subscriber a justice of the peace in and for the County aforesaid personally appeared Isaac Volintine aged fifty years and made oath in due form of law, that he is the son of the late John & Mary Valentine that he has often and repeatedly heard his late father the said John Volintine and John Lary talk of their services in the revolutionary war, and they both stated that they belonged to the same company and to the same regiment and he has further heard his father state that he was in the battle of Brandywine and was wounded in the ankle by a musket ball, which ball he carried in his foot to his grave affiant further states that he does know that the said John Lary drew a pension from the United States he believes at the rate ninety six dollars per annum, and that he resided in the County of Shenandoah and State of Virginia at the time he drew said pension and affiant further states that he has often heard his father state that he belonged to the artillery while in service as aforesaid
Isaac his Volintine mark
Sworn to and subscribed on the day and date last above mentioned before
Henry Gullers J.P.
W. M. Roll with John Lary - see C. P. Paym 31 st Payt -

Virginia to Wit
I Samuel C Williams Clerk of the County Court of Shenandoah in the State of Virginia, Certify that the within named Henry Collins is an acting Justice of the peace in and for the County of said and that the within signature purporting to be his is genuine.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of said Court at the first named place this 7 th day of November 1845 and in the 70 th year of the Commonwealth,
Sam d C Williams Clerk

Virginia } County of Page } To Wit:
Be it known that before me, a Justice of the Peace in and for the County aforesaid, duly authorized by law to administer oaths personally appeared Mary Catherine Carr a resident of Page County in the State aforesaid, who being first duly sworn according to law, states that she is the daughter of Mary Valentine dec d . widow of John Valentine dec d . each of the County and State aforesaid, the said Mary was an applicant for a pension under the act of July 7 th 1838, for the Military services of her dec d husband, in the Revolutionary war, and that she believes the United States are still indebted, under existing laws, for the pension that was due under the application heretofore made, and that she is directly interested as an heir in the pension for which application was made as aforesaid. I hereby constitute and appoint Mrs. daughter of Rappahannock County Va my true and lawful attorney, with irrevocable power to examine into, investigate, and establish the claim for said pension, and do all acts necessary thereto, as well for myself as in behalf of the rest of the heirs. Herby revoking all powers of Attorney or other authority that may have been heretofore executed for the purposes aforesaid. In testimony whereof I have hereto subscribed my name and affixed a my seal This 24 th day of November in the year 1854.
Mary Catherine thr (Seal) mark
Signed, sealed, acknowledged, and sworn to before me, a Justice within and for said County this 24 th day of November 1854.
L. C. Roarty J. P. Seal

State of Virginia } To Wit. County of Page }
I, John M. Watson Clerk of the County Court of Page County in the State aforesaid, do certify that Lewis C. Koontry whose genuine signature appears to the foregoing Certificate, is a Justice of the Peace within and for said County, and that his official acts as such are entitled to full faith and credit.
In testimony whereof I have hereto subscribed my name and affixed the seal of said Court, at the Court House thereof this 27. day of November 1884
J. M. Watson Clerk Page County Court

Surrey August 17-1858
Comr of Pensions Sir
Enclosed please find Power of Atty. and evidence in the Valentine Case before your department - suspended for further proofs - if the enclosed is not sufficient please inform me to give me an opportunity to seek further in order to obtain the legal proof if possible, as the Case has been on hand for a long time and the parties are in want of the amount, of their rights
Very Respectfully
G. H. Jones
address
Surrey - Page County - Va

This is to Certify, That it appears from a List in this Office of such Officers and Soldiers of the Virginia State Line, during the Revolutionary War, as settled their Accounts, and received Certificates for the balance of their Full Pay, according to an Act of Assembly, passed the November Session, 1781, that a Certificate issued on the 16 th day of May 1783 , in the name of John Valentine as Born's Artillery for £ 76. 0. 10 , which Certificate appears to have been delivered to Lt. Vawter and was given for services prior to the 1st January, 1782.
£ 204. { No Seal of Office. }
Given under my hand at the Auditor's Office, Richmond, this
21 st day of February 1882
J. H. Heath AUDITOR.

Woodstock October 7 th 1845-
Sir,
I send herewith enclosed some additional evidence in support of the claim of Mrs. Mary Valentine for a pension, you will perceive that the evidence is circumstantial, but I have no doubt that if you will have the declaration of Mr. John Lary who was a pensioner of the United States upon the Virginia agency and resided in the county of Shenandoah at the time he drew his pension, and ascertain to what company and Reg t he belonged. that you will there find the name of John Valentine as belonging to the same Reg t if not the same company, please have the matter examined into before the meeting of Congress if possible
I am very respectfully your obed t Serv t Thomas M c Moran
J. L. Edwards Esq r

Woodstock Va. February 2 nd 1844
Sir,
I have enclosed to you some additional evidence in support of the claim of Mrs. Mary Valentine for a pension, and would beg that you will please have the papers in her case reexamined as soon as it can be done.
I have likewise herewith enclosed to you the affidavit of Henry Alshits explaining his former affidavit in support of the claim of Mrs. Mary Long (Widow of Mathias Long) for a pension. I wrote to you some time since enclosing an affidavit of Mr. James Long of Illinois in support of her claim, and requested that her papers might be withdrawn from Committee on Revolutionary pensioners of the House of Representatives, and that you would please have her claim reexamined,
Very respectfully your ob d Serv t Thomas Morda
J. L. Edwards Esq. Commissioner of Pensions

Mary G. Gane
Newmarket Road
Nov 19. 1857
Mary Valentine
To Sec. of War. respecting a pension.
Respectfully referred to the Commissioner of Pensions. { Moses Kelly Dept. Int. } Chf. Clk. Nov. 23/57. }
Respectfully referred to the Hon: the Secty of the Interior.
War Dept. } Nov. 21. 1857 }
Rec'd 23 Nov: 57 Mr. Pratt

Newmarket Sta. Co. Virginia Nov. 19 th 1857.
J. B. Floyd,
Sir. The pension papers of Mary C. Cave of Page Co. Va. and Daughter of John Valentine who was a soldier of the Revolution, has been made out and sent on, but she cannot get the Pension from the Government, therefore she has understood that the said John Valentine who was in the Revolution was not identified as a soldier of the line of Virginia, therefore she desires to know what proofs is necessary accomplish the papers and obtain the Pension, therefore Sir will you do me the favour and letting me know about it I will be very much oblige to you
as desire wrote,
J. B. Floyd
Your humble Servant. Mary C. Cave,

Acts of July 17, 1862, and March 3, 1873.
REJECTED
10821
P. O.
Mary Valentine
Service: wid. of John
Enlisted: _____, 18
Discharged: _____, 18
Application filed: _____, 18
Alleges: _____ _____
Re-enlisted: _____ _____
Attorney: _____
P. O. _____
_____ Recognized. _____ Contract.
_____ Cert. of Dis. Searched for _____, 18

New Market Feby 3 rd 1858.
to the Commissioner of the Pension Office. Dear Sir!
I have received your last statement about the claim of John Valentine Revolutioner Soldier of Virginia you have stated that the Government dont allow the pension of the said Soldier to the Widow and his heirs, the Government dont discontinue the law which was published in the News Papers for the Law and the Government did allow it to every Soldier and Widow double Rations, therefore we would like to know, how it is that the Govt will not allow it to us therefore Sir I pray let us know once more about it yours. Mary C Cave,

Sir,
Woodstock March 10 th 1842
I have herewith enclosed to you the declaration of Mrs. Mary Valentine widow of John Valentine a Revolutionary Soldier. With the evidence proving Service & Marriage. Mrs. Valentine requests me to say to you that she is very old and extremely poor, now confined to her bed with sickness, and that she is dependent upon her country for a support. She therefore asks, as a particular favour, that you will please take up her case, as soon as possible, and if the evidence should be satisfactory that you will place her upon the pension roll immediately and send the pension certificate to me
I am Sir Very respectfully your obed. Serv t
Thomas Monroe
J. L. Edwards Esq. Commissioner of pensions

Alma, Page County Va To the Pension Office Dec. 10 th 1856
I am one of the heirs of John Valentine who was a soldier in the war of the Revolution and write to request such information as your office may afford in regard to the matter. If any such pension has been granted and paid and to whom. Your attention will much oblige Yours Mary C. Cave
Please direct the letter to Mary C. Cave care of Geo B Urban Alma Page Co. Va

New Market February 23 d 1858.
Dear Sir! —
In reply to your letter on the 22 d inst. I have discovered, that you inform me, that the children of the said, Revolutionary Soldier John Valentiner, could not recover the claim, why, because that claim was rejected, and the Government not allows any Pension to the children, of a Revolutionary Soldier, But it is due, to the same Family, and, never was drawn, and why could, not the children get it as well as any other claim which is due to any Estate, we suppose that a Estate would owe you any amount of money, which never was drawn from the said Estate, and suppose you have Wife & Children, and in the meantime before you can recover the said, claim, are not your Wife, or perhaps your Wife, dies too, aint your children entitled to the same claim? yes I would say yes, she are entitled to it if the can proved, satisfactorily. Therefore I should, suppose, the same claim could be recovered, too.
Your respectfully
Mary C Cave

✓ No 8214 Mary Valentine Mado of John
10821

State of Virginia Page County } ss.
On this 12 th day of February 1842 before me the subscriber a justice of the peace in and for the County aforesaid personally appeared Thomas Cave aged sixty three years, and made oath in due form of law, that he was well acquainted with John Valentine, the late husband of Mary Valentine; and that he has often heard the said John Valentine, State, that he had enlisted into the regular army of the United States, in the time of the Revolutionary war; and served a long time in the army, and that he was wounded whilst in the service, having been shot through the ankle by a musket ball, deponent further states that in the repeated conversations he had with the said John Valentine respecting his services in the army, he often stated that he served to the North, and that he belonged to the Artillery Service, he further states that John Valentine has been dead twelve years or more and that Mary Valentine still remains his widow
Thomas his Cave mark
Sworn to and subscribed on the day and year above written before me -
Jacob C. Kite J.P.
I certify that I am well acquainted with Thomas Cave above named and he is entitled to full confidence
Jacob C. Kite J.P.

State of Virginia Page 60 of 300
On this 12 th day of February 1842 before me the subscriber a justice of the peace in and for the county aforesaid personally appeared, John Valentine, the son of John Valentine and Mary Valentine and made oath in due form of law, that he has often heard his late Father, the said John Valentine, state that he was a regular soldier in the Army of the Revolution, and he stated he was attached to the artillery and belonged to the Virginia troops. John Valentine
Sworn to and subscribed on the day and year above written before me Jacob C. Kirtland, P.
I certify that I am well acquainted with John Valentine who has subscribed the above affidavit and he is entitled to full confidence, the word said interlined by me qualified to. Jacob C. Kirtland, P.

Virginia, Page County To wit
I, William C. Lauck, Clerk of the County Court of Page County, do hereby certify that Jacob C. Kite is an acting Justice of the Peace in the County aforesaid, duly Commissioned and qualified, and that the foregoing Signatures purporting to be his are genuine.
In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name, and affixed the seal of my Office, this the 14th day of February 1842.
William C. Lauck, Clerk of Page County Court

State of Virginia Page County 3 pp.
Be it known that on this 24 th day of January 1848 before me the Subscriber a justice of the peace in and for the county aforesaid personally appeared Philip Sour aged fifty two years and made oath in due form of law, That he was well acquainted with John Valentine (the late husband of Mary Valentine) that he was well acquainted with the said Valentine for upwards of Forty years, that he had frequently employed the said Valentine to do Millwright work for him and whilst in his employ and at various other times, he has often heard the said John Valentine say, that he had enlisted and served as a soldier in the revolutionary war. he believes he stated he was in the service two and a half years or more, and affiant has often heard the said Valentine state that he was entitled to bounty land, for his service in the war as aforesaid; affiant further states that he has heard the said John Valentine, say that so long as he could live without a pension he never would apply for one, and affiant further states that from his acquaintance with the said John Valentine he considered him a man of truth and entitled to full confidence
Philip Sour
Sworn and Subscribed on the day and year last above mentioned before me I Certify that I am well acquainted with Philip Sour and he is entitled to full confidence
N. H. Deyo J. P.

Virginia Page County to Wit.
I William P. Sauck Clerk of the County Court of Page in the State of Virginia do hereby certify that Nich- olas W. Yager whose name is subscribed to the within certificate and affidavit as a Justice of the Peace, is an acting Magistrate in and for our said County duly commissioned and qualified and that the signature purporting to be his is genuine.
In Testimony whereof, I hereunto sub- scribed my Name and affixed the Seal of our said Court at Luray this 23 d day of January 1844 and in the 68 th Year of the Commonwealth.
Wm P. Sauck C. C.

State of Virginia Page County - } ss
On this 20 th day of January 1844 personally appeared before me the subscriber a Justice of the peace in and for the County aforesaid Henry Kilchite and made oath in due form of law, that he was well acquainted with John Valentine the late husband of Mary Valentine whose maiden name was Mary Griffith, he affiant brought the said John Valentine in a waggon of his, from Winchester Virginia, to the County of Shenandoah, shortly after the ending of the revolutionary war, the said Valentine then wore an old suits of Uniform or Regimentals such clothing as were worn by the Soldiers of the Regular Army, affiant continued to be well acquainted with the said Valentine from the time he brought from Winchester to the day of his death, and had frequent conversations with him the said Valentine, respecting his Service in the revolutionary war, and the said Valentine often told him affiant that he had been in the regular Army that he held some Office or some Commission of some grade, and that the said John Valentine frequently told him affiant of Circumstances that took place whilst he the said Valentine was in the Service, that he does know to be so, as he affiant was an enlisted Soldier and served the period of eighteen months in the regular Army to the North, under the Command of Col. Abraham Bowman and Col John Nevil and belonged Genl. Scotts brigade, affiant does well recollect that the said Valentine told him, that after the battle of Monmouth that the Army under the Command of Genl. Washington, encamped a while at the white plains in the State of New Jersey, and afterwards marched into the State of Connecticut to Robinson's farm and afterwards marched back into the State of New Jersey and took up their winter quarters, these statements affiant knows to be facts, and affiant further states that he is to the best of his recollection and belief eighty eight years old
Henry his Kilchite Justice
Sworn to and subscribed on the day and year last above mentioned before me } H. M. Kendrick S.P.

I certify that I am well acquainted with Henry A. White Subscribed to the foregoing affidavits and that he is entitled to full confidence
Abn Kendrick J.P.
Virginia
Page County to Wit:
I William C. Sauck Clerk of the County Court for the County aforesaid do certify that Abraham Kendrick whose name is subscribed to the foregoing affidavits and application, is an Acting Magistrate in and for the County aforesaid duly commissioned and qualified and that the signatures purporting to be his are genuine
In Testimony whereof, I have hereunto submitted my name and affixed the Seal of my said Office at Luray this 22 d day of January 1844 and in the 68 th year of the Commonwealth
Wm C Sauck B.B.

State of Virginia County of Page 3/8
At a Court held for the County of Page in the State of Virginia on Monday the 3rd day of May 1858, William W. Wathley aged Seventy nine years appeared in Court and made oath in due form of law, that he was personally well acquainted with John Valentine a Revolutionary Soldier who resided in Shenandoah County Virginia, that he had several conversations with said Valentine in which he said he was wounded in the Revolutionary War, that he was lame which was occasioned by the wound he received; that he was the only man in Shenandoah County by the name of John Valentine, and that he the said William Wathley is not interested in the pension claim of the said John Valentine his heirs; and at the same time Thomas Carr aged eighty one years personally appeared in Court and made oath in due form of law that he was personally well acquainted with John Valentine a Revolutionary Soldier who resided in Shenandoah County Virginia, that he had frequent conversations with the said Valentine in which he said he was in several battles, in one of which he received a wound which lamed him for life, that he was the only man residing in Shenandoah County by the name of John Valentine, and that he, the said Thomas Carr has no interest in the pension claim of the said John Valentine's heirs.
State of Virginia County of Page 3/8
I John W. Watson, Clerk of the County Court of Page County in the State of Virginia do hereby certify that the said Court is a Court of Record and that the foregoing is a true transcript from the records of the said Court.
Given under my hand and the seal of the said Court, at Luray this 8th day of May 1858
J. W. Watson Clerk Page County Court.

Know all men by these presents, That I Mary L. Linn (daughter of John Valentine, formerly of Shenandoah County Virginia, a Revolutionary Soldier,) of Page County Virginia, do by these presents, constitute and appoint, and in my place put and place, Edwin T. Jones of Luray, Page County Virginia, my true and lawful attor n ey for me, in my name and to my use, to ask, claim, demand and recover, and receive of and from the Commissioner of Pensions, at the Department of the Interior, Washington City, D.C. such wages, bounty money, pension or pensions and all other sum and sums of money whatsoever, as now is, or at any time or time hereafter, shall be due, payable or belonging unto me, and the other heirs of the said John Valentine dec d for his services in the War of the Revolution, now due and to become due at the Department of the Interior, from the Commissioner of Pensions, by any ways or means, right or title whatsoever, giving and hereby granting unto my said attor n ey, all my authority and lawful power in the premises for receiving, recovering, obtaining and discharging the same, as fully and effectually as I myself might or could do, if personally present, and acceptances, releases or any other discharges in my name, to make, seal and deliver, hereby ratifying and confirming all and whatsoever my said attor n ey, shall lawfully do or cause to be done in the premises by virtue of these presents. In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my Seal, this 16. th day of August 1858. Mary L. Linn I have my mark
Page County - to wit
Personally appeared before me, a justice of the peace in and for the said County, Mary L. Linn, to me well known as the identical person who signature appears above, and acknowledged the foregoing power of attor n ey to be her act and deed. Given under my hand and seal this 16. th day of August 1858.
N. W. Dyer J. P.

Virginia Page County Court.
I John W. Wootton Clerk of the County Court of Page County (being a Court of Record) do hereby certify, that Nicholas W. Yager is an acting Justice of the peace, in and for said County duly commissioned and qualified - and that the foregoing signature purporting to be his is genuine.
In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed the seal of my said Court at Luray this 17 th day of August 1858.

John Valentine
after 1832 — Va.
A. Hillarkland

State of Virginia } County of Page } cp.
Be it Known, that on this twelfth day of March A. D. 1853 before me, the undersigned, a Justice of the Peace, in and for the County and State aforesaid, personally appeared Mary Catherine Bane
resident of Washington in said County, and made oath according to law that she is a daughter of the deceased John Valentine who was a Soldier in the war of the Revolution, and who has heretofore made application for the benefit of the Pension Act of 1832
That she is directly interested as a claimant in said Pension, and makes this affidavit to be filed with such additional evidence or arguments as my Agent may use in prosecuting said claim.
Countermanding and revoking all Powers of Attorney and authority heretofore given, I hereby constitute and appoint SAMUEL M. KNIGHT , of Washington City , my true and lawful Attorney to prosecute the claim of John Valentine for any amount of Revolutionary Pension, or increase of Pension that may be due; and I hereby authorize my said Attorney to examine all papers or documents in relation to said claim, on file in the Department at Washington City or elsewhere, to file additional evidence or arguments, and to receive for my exclusive benefit, the certificate which may be issued for said claim, which certificate I wish made payable at the Washington City, D. C. Agency; to appoint one or more substitutes under him for the purposes herein expressed, and to do all things that I might or could do were I personally present. Hereby ratifying and confirming all that my said Attorney and Agent shall lawfully do in the premises.
Mary Catherine her Bane
Sworn to, Subscribed, and Acknowledged before me the day and year above written, and I hereby certify that I believe the said Mary Catherine Bane to be directly interested in said claim as set forth, and to be the identical party therein alleged.
John H. Freeman J. Peace
State of Virginia } County of Page } cp.
It is Hereby Certified, that satisfactory evidence has been exhibited before me, Clerk of the Court of Page County that Mary Catherine Bane the party who has sworn to, and acknowledged the foregoing Declaration and Power of Attorney, is the child of the reputed soldier aforesaid. I further certify, that John H. Freeman Esq. before whom the preceding affidavit and Power of Attorney were made and acknowledged, was, at the time of so doing, a Justice of the Peace, in and for said County, and that the signature purporting to be his, I believe to be genuine.
In Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal of Office,
this twelfth day of March 1853
J. H. Freeman Clerk
1. Claimant's name or names in full.—2. Post Office address. 3. "That he is the identical man," or, "that she is the widow of the identical man," or, "that he or she is the legal heir of the identical man," &c., &c. 4. Leave this line blank.—5. "He is," "she is," or "they are."—6. Revolutionary soldier's full name.—7. Claimant's signature.—8. Claimant's name.—9. Magistrate's signature. 10. "Identical," "widow of," or, "child of."—11. Magistrate's name.—12. Clerk's signature.
N. B.—Should two or more heirs join in the foregoing, the plural should be substituted for the singular number.