Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty Land Warrant Application File S. 36,060, for Aaron Marshall, Delaware
Page 1

Service
Del.

Marshall, Aaron

Number
S. 36.060
Page 2

April 1st 1834
the certif. of 
this pensioner has been annuled
and a new one is coming.
31st Augt 1818 - see let: to agent
4 April 1834
agent to pay him up to the
23d July 1831 -
that being
the time that his first pension
commenced
4 April 1834 certif: Sent to
Mr. Wandain U. S. Senate
this day-
---
Dead
Letter to J. D. Marshall 24 Oct 39
Order to pay 13 Feb 1840
Died July 18, 1839
(AB.)



20.346
Delaware
---
Aaron Marshall Sen
of Sussex Co in the State of Delaware
who was a private in the company commanded
by Captain Perry of the Regiment commanded
by Colonel ____________
in the Delaware
line, for the term of ten months
from _________1778 to _________ 1779

Inscribed on the roll of Delaware
at the rate of eight Dollars per month, to
commence on the
23 day of July 1831
31 August 1818-
1st Apl 34

Certificate of Pension issued the 25 of July
1831- and sent to Hon. C.S.
Layton George Town. Del.

Arrears to 4th of Sept. 1831 $11.38
Semi-anu'l all'ce ending
$11.38

Revolutionary Claim,
Acts March 18, 1818,
and May 1, 1820.

Rec. Book D.
Vol: 6. fol: 141
Page 3

31
22
 9  = 2.32
         8
         1.06
        11.38
Page 4

State of Delaware
Sussex County ss

Be it Remembered that on the twenty
fifth day of May in the year of our Lord one thouand
eight hundred and eighteen, and again on the
twenty first day of April in the year eighteen hundeed
and nineteen, came before Samuel Paynter Junr one of the
Associate Judges of the Supreme Court of the
said State of Delaware Aaron Marshall of the County
aforesaid aged sixty years, who being solemnly affirmed, deposeth and saith that in the Revolutionary War in the year seventeen hundred and seventy eight
 he enlisted under Captain William Perry with whom 
he served as a private Soldier in his Company
stationed at and near Lewis Town in the County aforesaid
under Col. David Hall and continued at and near that place to do faithful duty in the afsd. Company during
the time for which he enlisted which was twelve
months, that John Westley was first Lieutenant, John
Harrand was second Lieut. and William Hall was
ensign of said Capt Wm Perrys Company, all said officers
except (John Harrand) are deceased - And the
foresaid Aaron Marshall further deposed and
saith that from his reduced circumstances in life
he needs the assistance of his Country for support
Aaron Marshall

Affirmed and subscribed the day and year above
written before me ____Sam'l Paynter Junr A.J.C.
I believe the facts above stated to be true, and that
he needs the Assistance of his Country for support
Sam'l Paynter Jun. A. J. L.C.

Rejected, the
Claimant not
having served
in the continental
estabishment
Page 5

The State of Delaware
Sussex County to wit

I Do hereby certify that Samuel Paynter
Esquire is one of the judges of the Supreme court 
for the State of Delaware afrd and
that full faith and credit is and ought to be given all his acts and Deed as such. In Testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and
affixed the seal of my office at George Town
the twenty sixth day of April in the year our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and nineteen
Wm Russel Clk, L.C.

-
I Do also Certify that Samuel Paynter Esquire who has 
Subscribed his name to the within Certificate
did sign the same witness my hand the day & year asd
Wm Russell Clk L.C.
.
Office of the Secetary of the State of Delaware
Dover 7 July 1819
There are not in this office any pay rolls or muster rolls of Captain
William Perry's company, and it is believed that the said company
never was attached to a formal part of the regiment of regular troops
commanded by Colonel David Hall during the revolutionary war in
the service of the United States or the continental establishment and which regiment was furnished by the State of Delaware. It is also believed that the said company never was in the service of the United States or the continental establishment during the revolutionary war.
---
Certified for the United States War Departed
S. J. M. Ridgely
Page 6

21.616.
Copy Record [de] in favor of Mr. Aaron Marshall Sen'r
Page 7

We do certify that we know and perfectly remember when Captain
William Henry's Company was raised for the defence of Lewes Town
and the adjacent country in the Spring of the year seventeen
hundred and seventy seven, and that John Westly and
John Harrard were Lieutenants and William Hall Ensign
in said Company and we do further certify that Aaron
Marshall was a private in the said Company in the year
of One thousand seven hundred and seventy eight, and
that we have seen Aaron Marshall parading in the
company often times before our Father Major Henry Fisher
dwelling in Lewes Town. Witness our hands the Tenth
day of March One thousand Eight hundred and thirty one.
Margaret Thompson
Eliza F. Row.

John M. West one of the Justices
of the peace in and for the County aforesaid
Do certify that the above named Margaret Thompson and Elizabeth
Row personally came before me and were duly sworn
that the above and foregoing certificate is true and
Court and I do certify that I am personally acquainted with
the said Margant Thompson and Elizabeth Row,
that they are of the most respectable of the Inhabitants of
Lewes and that their statement is entitled to the fullest
credit. In Testimony whereof I have hereunto set
my hand and seal the day and year above written
John M. West. (seal)

State of Delaware Sussex County ss. Be it known that before
me Matthew Reach a Justice of the Peace in and for
said County, personally appeared Reuben Heaveloe of
the County aforesaid aged seventy six years and declared
on his solemn affirmation that he knew Aaron Marshall
who is now a resident of the town of Lewes in said
County and who has always resided there since the
beginning of the Revolutionary War, that in the latter
part of the month of February or first of the month of
March in the year seventeen hundred and seventy
eight he enlisted and served nine months and upwards
as a Soldier in an independent company raised by
order of Congress for the defence of the said Town of Lewes
containing four hundred men and commanded by
Capt. William Perry who had been commissioned
by Congress for that purpose, and that said Marshall
Page 8

continued to serve as a soldier in said Company untill
he was discharged, at the end of the year seventh
hundred and seventy eight. And the said Reuben
Heaveloe further does depose and say that he deponent
was also a soldier in said Independent Company which
serves to strengthen his recollection in relation to the case
of Mr. Marshall, and further the deponent saith not.
Sworn & Subscribed
Reubin Heaveloe his mark
25 April M. Reach J.P.  

On the 2nd May in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and thirty one personally appeared before
the Subscriber a Justice of the Peace for the County of Sussex
and State of Delaware Cornelius Paynter Esq. of said County
aged sixty eight years and declares on his solemn oath,
that he is well acquainted with Aaron Marshall and
has known him as a resident of the town of Lewes since
the beginning of the Revolutionary War; that he believes said
Aaron Marshall inlisted in an Independent Company raised
by order of Congress and commanded by Captain William
Perry on or about the first March in the year seventeen
hundred and seventy eight. that he deponent, was at the
time an Inhabitant of the town of Lewes, that said
Independent company was raised for the defence of the
said town of Lewes, that he deponent has cause to
believe and does believe that said Aaron Marshall
served as a soldier in the company aforementioned for
the time of nine months and upwards to wit from
about the first of March 1778 untill the end of that year.
that the circumstances connected with this case having
passed so long ago he cannot speak with absolute certainty
 as to the particular year or month he entered
the service, but he believes they took place as above stated
Corn’l Paynter
Sworn & Subscribed
the day year aforesaid
Matthew M Reach J.P.

State of Delaware Sussex County
I Certify that Reuben Heaveloe and
Cornelius Paynter each of whose affidavits have been taken
before the Subscriber a Justice of the Peace in and for the
County aforesaid, are among the most respectable of the
inhabitants of said County, and on whose statements the
almost reliance may be placed, that the said Reuben
Heaveloe is a man of wealth, and not likely (although
Page 9

a Soldier at the same time in the same company with
Aaron Marshall) to become a petitioner for a pension
from the United States on his own account, that the said
Cornelius Paynter Esquire is at this time the Register for
the probate of Wills and granting letters of Administration
for the County aforesaid, Witness my hand and seal
this 9th May 1831  M. Reach J. P. (seal)

Aaron Marshall is assessed in Lewes & Rehoboth Hundred
for the year 1831 with a House and Lot $200.00 1 Cow & Calf
$6. person seventy seven years old in (1828) $0.00 $206.00 and
20 percent off land $40 [=] $166.00

Sussex County State of Delaware I Certify the above and foregoing
to be a true copy of the assessment of Aaron Marshall in Lewes
and Rehoboth Hundred in the County and State aforesaid. In
Testimony of which I have hereunto set my hand and
affixed the seal of my office at George Town this
thirtyth day of March AD 1831 (seal)
Jos. J. Layton C.P.

The State of Delaware Sussex County Ss. on this fifteenth day of March
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty
one personally appeared before the Honourable the Justices of
the Supreme Court of the State of Delaware, now sitting at George
Town in and for the County of Sussex aforesaid in Open Court
being a Court of Record because it proceeds according to the Common
law with Jurisdiction unlimited in point of account of keeping a record
of its proceedings, and having the power of fine and imprisonment,
Aaron Marshall Senior resident in said County aged seventy two
years, who being duly affirmed according to law doth on his
affirmation make the following declaration in order to obtain
the provision made by the act of Congress of the 18th March 1818
and first of May 1820; that he the said Aaron Marshall senior
enlisted for the term of ten months, wanting four days (or
until the end of the year on the fourth day of March in the
year 1778) in the State of Delaware, in the company commanded
by Captain William Perry raised by order of Congress for the
defence of Lewes in the County and State aforesaid on the
continental establishment, that he continued to serve in the
said corps untill the first day of January 1776 when he
was discharged from the service in the army, or said
company in the State of Delaware; that he hereby relinquishes
every claim whatsoever to a pension except the present, that
his [name] is not on the role of any State except as aforesaid,
that he has heretofore frequently applied for the provisions
Page 10

made by the aforesaid Acts of Congress to wit in 1818 in 1819
and in 1826, and again in 1828 and 1830 but from some
defect in the papers, certificates or affidavits exhibited with
his said petition he has been unable heretofore to obtain said
provision. these are the reasons why this application is made
at so late a period
Aaron Marshall sen’r
Affirmed and subscribed to
in open Court the 16th March 1831
Before J. H. Harris Clk of L.C.


And in pursuance of the act of Congress of the 1st May 1820
I do solemnly affirm, that I was of resident Citizen of the
United States on the 18th day of March 1818, and that I have
not, since that time by gift sale, or in any manner, disposed
of my property, or any part thereof, with intent thereby so to
diminish it as to bring myself within the provisions of an
act of Congress entitled "An act to provide for certain persons
Engaged in the land and naval service of the United States
in the Revolutionary War" passed on the 18th day of March 1818;
and that I have not nor has any person in trust for me
any property or securities, contracts or debts due to me,
nor have I any income, other than what is contained
in the schedule hereto annexed and by me subscribed to wit.
1 House and Lot in Lewes Del’e Valued per assessment to $200.00
1 Cow and Calf 6.00
$206.00 [subtotal]
Deduct 20 percent of the land after order of Lewes Court $40.00
$166.00 [subtotal] 

I have debts owing to me as follows to wit
A. Balance on a Note from Col Saml B. Davis $102.65
Do -Do from Doct. Henry F. Hall $47.65
$150.10 [subtotal]
$316.10 [final total]

The above Schedule exhibits all my real and personal
Estate of what nature or kind soever in law or Equity
amounting to three hundred and sixteen Dollars and ten
Cents.
I owe and and Indebted as follows to wit.
To Caleb Rodney Esquire on a Judgment dated 21 Feby 1802. $200.48
Interest thereon from the 21 Feby 1802 up to 15 Mar. 1831 $70.18
To Peter Meekins on a Judgment dated [no date entered] for $216.80
Interest thereon up to 15 Mar. 1831 $117.90
To Aaron Marshall Jun’r for Balance on Book account $68.10
$604.18 [total - note that the total is 70.18 less than the numbers above]
Making in the whole the sum of Six hundred and
four Dollars and eighteen cents, leaving a balance against
me and which I have no prospect or ability to pay
of $288.08.
Page 11

That since the 18th of March 1818, the following changes
has been made in my property to wit.
one negro boy named George sold at a time of years to
Col Samuel B. Davis, of Philadelphia in the spring
of 1828 for whom I received of said Davis his note and
the note on Doct. H.F. Hall as above stated, no other
change has been made in my property from said 18th
Of March 1818.
That I am a shoe maker by occupation, on the 5th
day of September 1829; I had a bad stroke of the palsy, and
Have not been able since that time to work at my trade,
and that I have ever since been boarding with Martha
Bebee my Daughter - I have no family and and
dependant upon my friends for support.
Aaron Marshall sen’r
Affirmed and declared to on the fifteenth day of March
in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and thirty one
Before John H. Harris Clk L. C.

John H. Harris Clerk of the Supreme Court of the State of 
Delaware in and for Sussex County, do hereby Certify that it
appears to the satisfaction of the Court, that the said Aaron
Marshall, Senior did serve in the Revolutionary War, as
stated in the preceding declaration, against the Common
enemy, for the time of nine months under one engagement
on the continental establishment, I also certify that the
foregoing affirmation, and the schedule thereto annexed
are truly copied from the records of the said Court, and
I do further certify that it is the opinion of the said land
that the total amount in value of the property exhibited
in the aforesaid Schedule is three hundred and Sixteen
Dollars and ten cents.

In Testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed
the seal of the said Court at George Town, in this sixteenth day of May
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty one
John H. Harris Clk
Page 12

Secretary's Office
George Town, Delaware
The State of Delaware
June 24th 1831

I , Caleb G. Layton Secretary of the State of Delaware, and as 
such keeper of the Great Seal, and of the Register of the official acts 
and proceedings of the Governor of the said State, do hereby certify
 That John M. West, and Matthew Reach before whom the
within and foregoing depositions of Margarett Thompson,
Elizabeth Dow and Reuben Heaveloe and Cornelius Paynter 
were taken, were at the time of taking the said depositions
and now are two of the Justices of the Peace of the State of
Delaware, aforesaid, in and for the County of Sussex. I
further certify that Joshua S. Layton, who has given a certificate
 of the Assessment of the said Aaron Marshall, as within
mentioned, was at the time of giving the same, and now is,
the Clerk of the Peace of the said State of Delaware, in and
for the said County of Sussex: I further certify that
John H. Harris, who has given the within and foregoing
Certificate, was at the time of giving the same and now
is the Clerk of the Supreme Court of the State of Delaware
aforesaid, in and for the County of Sussex, aforesaid, and
that full faith and credit should be given to all the official 
acts and proceedings of the said John M. West, Matthew Reach, 
Joshua G. Layton and John H. Harris. And I further certify that the
 within and foregoing certificates are in due form of Law.
In Testimony whereof, I have hereto set my hand and affixed the
Great Seal of the State of Delaware, aforesaid, at George Town, aforesaid,
the day and year first above written
Caleb G. Layton
Secretary of the State of Delaware
Page 13

Georgetown, Del
Oct 21st

[intital JNM? crossed our 12 cents?]

J. L Edwards
Commissioner of Pensions
Washington City

Oct 24
[Left side vertical illegible-Norwood?]
Page 14

Lewes Oct. 21st 1839
Sir
Aaron Marshall Sr (my Father) was a Revolutionary Pensioner belonging to the Company of Capt. Wm Perry, and died July 18th, 1839. I have proved before the Court his Death and that he left no widow, and that he left seven Children, three of which reside in Phila and the other four in Sussex County State of Del. Their names are as follows Moses Marshall, David Marshall and Mary Twist who was before intermarried with John Twist, Mary Marshall the three above mentioned reside in Phila the other four in Del'e are Martha Beebe who was before married Martha Marshall, Aaron Marshall, Jacob Marshall and John D. Marshall. I was advised by the Hon. Mr. M. Clayton to write to you, and you would furnish me with an exact certificate with a power of Attorney for all the heirs in and out of the State to sign. You will much oblige me if you will forward it to me as soon as you possibly can. 
With much respect Your Humble Servt. 
Jno D. Marshall

J L Edwards 
Commissioner of pensions
Page 15

March 28, 1940
AARON MARSHALL
S. 36060
BA-J/MLB
Mrs. Lee S. Coy
314-32nd Street, N. W.,
Cedar Rapids, Iowa 
Dear Madam:
Reference is made to your letter in which you request the Revolutionary War record of Aaron Marshall.
There is only one claim for pension on file based upon service in the Revolutionary War of an Aaron Marshall. Such claims are the source of Revolutionary War data furnished by the Veterans Administration. His record follows as found in the papers of pension claim, S. 36060, based upon his service in the Revolutionary War.
The date and place of birth of Aaron Marshall and names of his parents are not shown.
Aaron Marshall enlisted in Delaware in the spring of 1776 under Captain William Peery for the defense of Lewes and served as guard until March, 1778, when he reenlisted in Captain William Peery's Independent Company, Colonel David Hall's Delaware regiment, which was raised by order of Congress for the defense of Lewes, and served until January 1, 1779. 
The soldier applied for pension May 25, 1818, at which time he was aged sixty years and residing in Sussex County, Delaware. His claim for pension was allowed and his name was borne on the pension roll as Aaron Marshall, Senior, as he signed. 
Aaron Marshall died on July 18, 1839. His wife, name not stated, did not survive him but he left seven children whose names follow:
Moses Marshall, a resident of Philadelphia, Penn.
Davis [same as above]
Mary Twist, wife of John Twist, and of Philadelphia, Penn. 
Martha Beebe or Bebe, given name of husband not shown, and of Delaware
Aaron Marshall, a resident of Delaware
Page 16

Names of children of Aaron Marshall continued-
Jacob Marshall, a resident of Delaware
John D. [same as above], with post office at Lewes
There are no further data relative to Aaron Marshall or his family.
Very truly yours
A. D. HILLER
Executive Assistant
to the Administrator
Page 17

Aaron Marshall (Del.)
S.3606
A roll of Captain William Peery's Independent co. stationed at Lewes in 1777 and who were sharers in four guns taken from the sloop Pembroke has been removed from this claim to be sent to the War Dept.
On
Oct. 3, 1911
Sent to War Dept. Jan. 16, 1913
Page 18

Jany 5 - 1903
Geo. M. Marshall
Milford, Del.
Acts of July 14, 1862 and March 3, 1873.
6927
P_: ___________________________
Aaron Marshall
Service:______________________
Enlisted:__________________, 18  .
Discharged:______________,  18  .
Application filed:__________,  18  .
Alleges:_______________________

REJECTED
Page 19

1940 Mar. 28- Hist to Mrs. Lee
S. Coy-  M.L.B.

36060
Revy
INVALID.
File No. 36060
Aaron Marshall
Pri. Rev War

Act : 18th March 1818

Index:--Vol. 2 Page 212
{Arrangement of 1870.}
Page 20

STATE OF DELAWARE
Insurance Department
Milford, Del. December 25th, 1902.
[Stamped: GREAT SEAL OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE]
GEORGE W. MARSHALL, M.D.
Commissioner
Commissioner of Pensions, 
Washington, D.C.
Sir:-
Can you furnish me the information asked for in the within enclosure?.
Yours Truly,
Geo. W. Marshall
[Stamped: PENSION OFFICE U.S. D DFC 26 1902]
Page 21

[Stamp of Delaware]
GEORGE W. MARSHALL, M.D.
Commisioner
Insurance Department
Milford, Del. Dec, 22nd, 1902.
Chief of Records and Pension Office, 
Washington, D.C.
Dear Sir:-
Will you please advise me what record you have of [underlined] Aaron Marshall, of Lewes, Delaware, a soldier in the Revolutionary War from the State of Pennsylvania.?
Born July 5th, 1758;
Died July 18th, 1839. aet 81 years 0, mo, 18, days.
I have always understood that he was a pensioner, and if I remember correctly served in Colonel Allan McLanes' Company.
He was related to me as Great Grandfather.
Yours Very Truly,
Geo. W. Marshall
[Stamped: PENSION OFFICE U.S. D DFC 26 1902]
Page 22

[Stamped: RECORD AND PENSION OFFICE DEC 23 1902 WAR DEPARTMENT 708797]
Milford, Del
Dec 22, 1902
Aaron Marshall
Del or Pa. Rev war
Geo W. Marshall
Requests record of above named ancestor.
Record and Pension Office
War Department
Washington, December 23, 1902.
Mr. George W. Marshall,
Mifford,
Delaware.
The name Aaron Marshall has not been found on the rolls, on file in this Department, of any organization of Pennsylvania, Delaware, or Continental troops in service during the war of the Revolution. 
It is proper to add, however, that the collection of Revolutionary war records in this office is far from complete, and that the absence therefrom of any name is by no means conclusive evidence that the person who bore the name did not serve in the Revolutionary army. 
It is suggested as a possibility that the desired information may be obtained from the Adjutant General of Pennsylvania. 
In view of your statement that the soldier was a pensioner, it is also suggested that information with regard to his service may possibly be obtained from the Commissioner of Pensions, Washington, D. C., who is the custodian of the pension records of all wars and whose office is separate and distinct from the Record and Pension Office of the War Department. 
By authority of the 
Secretary of War:
[Illegible]
Chief, Record and Pension Office.
(300a-a)
Page 23

Veterans Administration,
Washington, D.C.
Cedar Rapids Iowa. 
Oct 26 1939
[In pen: only me in Red pen fill]
Attn. W C Black
Gentleman:
With reference to my inquiry of June 23rd 1939 concerning Aaron Marshall, Revolutionary War Veteran has not been answered under seperate cover as stated in your letter of June 30th to date. I am wondering whether the routine work of the bureau will make the data available to me in the near future?
Any information that you may be able to supply will be greatly appreciated andI wish to thank you for the information supplied with reference to Thomas Marshall. 
very truly yours,
[Signed] Mrs. Lee S. Coy
Mrs Lee S Coy,
314 32nd St NE
Cedar Rapids Iowa.
[Stamped: RECIEVED OCT 30 1939 MAIL SUB-DIV READER NO. 18 VETS ADM]
Page 24

June 30, 1939.

Mrs. Lee S. Coy,
314 - 32d Street, N. E.
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.


BAHB
MARSHALL, Thomas,
XC-2,565, 601.

Dear Madam:
Receipt is acknowledged of your communication of June 23,1939, requesting information concerning certain veterans.
A pension record has been identified for one Thomas Marshall, Civil War veteran, and a summary of his case is enclosed.
Your inquiry concerning Aaron Marshall, Revolutionary War veteran, will be answered under separate cover. The pension claim of
Emery Marshall is on file in the National Archives,
By direction,
A pension record has been identified for one Thomas Marshall,
W. C. BLACK,
Chief Clerk.

Enc.
Page 25

[2 circular stamps]

RECEIVED JUNE 26 1939
MAIL [ILLEGIBLE - 3 LINES]

RECEIVED JUNE 27 1939
SUSSEX [ILLEGIBLE]
Page 26

Cedar Rapids Iowa
June 23 1939
[Stamped:  RECEIVED JUN 28 1939 MAIL SUB-DIV. VETS ADM READER 10]
Veteran's Administration,
Old Records Division, 
Washington, D.C.
[Written] Rev
Gentleman:
Will you kindly advise whether you have record of Pension being issued to Aaron [underlined "Marshall"] Marshall believed to have served in the Revolutionary War. 
[Written] Mrs Finch. Rev 1851 Mary [illegible]
The following family data is available, AARON MARSHALL, came from England, settled in old Virginia (now West Virginia) then to Carroll County, Ohio and then to Perry County, Ohio. He had the following children, Joshua Marshall, Eli Marshall, David Marshall and Daniel Marshall. no other family data available.
[Written, underlined] 1812
Daniel [underlined "Marshall] Marshall was born April 14 1801 and died August 23 1872, married Hannah Daniels (Virginia) born 1807 and died 1895. It is believed that Daniel Marshall served during the latter part of the War of [underlined "1812"] 1812 with Ohio Militia and I would appreciate information from Pension Records if such records are available. 
[Written] (6-2839) XC2568601 S. C. 707190 6/2839 [illegible]
[Written] NoC S. C. 862885 MC-655084 6/28/39 [illegible]
The following children are of record, Emery Marshall, Mary Ann Marshall Glenn, Ester Marshall, born Feb 9 1831 died Apr 27 1911., Miriam Marshall (1) Gaver, (2) Conn., Steward Marshall, George Marshall, Lucinda Marshall (1) Brooks, (2) Mc Kinney,. Thomas Marshall, Civil War Veteran, Private Co A., 160 Reg. Ohio National Guard, Co D., 187 Reg., Ohio Volunteer Infantry.,
[Underlined "Emery Marshall] Emery Marshall mentioned above was my grandfather and he also served in the Civil War with an Ohio Regiment. I would appreciate it very very much for the record of his service recorded in Pension records. He was married to Mary Bone daughter of Valentine Bone and Avis Rebecca Spurrier residents of Hemlock, Perry County, Ohio and both buried at Beach Grove Cemetry near Hemlock, Perry Co., Ohio. Emery Marshall was a resident of Jasper County Iowa at the time of his death residing near Newton Iowa. Postoffice address might have been Metz, Iowa. Mary Bone Marshall received Pension and resided in Newton Iowa at the time of her death.
Your kind assistance in supply [written "a"] family history in the above cases will be greatly appreciated.
Page 27

2
Thanking you very kindly for any information that you may have on record with reference to the above named men who were my grandfather, great grandfather and great great grandfather, I am,
Sincerely yours
[Signed] Mrs Lee S. Coy
Mrs Lee S Coy,
314 32nd St NE.,
Cedar Rapids Iowa.
Page 28

To
We the undesigned citizens of Lewes and its vicinity from a long acquaintance with Aaron Marshall and knowing his inductions and economical habits although poor by reason of age and the rearing a numerous family of children, and believing that his services in Captain William Perry's Company raised by order of Congress and paid by them was as useful and necessary for the General defense of the United States, as any other service of his in the Army or Navy could have been, and that the length of time he was engaged with the other circumstances presents a fair claim to the Public Bounty within the scope and intention of the Act of Congress.
We do therefore recommend his case to a favorable attention and examination believing that he needs pecuniary assistance, dated October 1824.
[Illegible, possibly A. M. Hall]
Caleb Rooney
John White
Joshua Hall aged 75 years
Lewis West
William Russel
John Rooney
Frederick [illegible, possibly "Rocis"]
Kendal Batron
George Parker aged 68 years
Henry H Rodney
Page 29

The Hon ble
John C Calhoun
Secretary of War
Page 30


Philada
October 20. 1824.
Sir;
I have the honor to enclose herewith, an application of
of Aaron Marshall, of Sussex County, Delaware State, a soldier
in the war of the Revolution who wishes to be placed upon the
pension list, and various papers in support of it. This case appears
to have been formerly before the Department, and the claim was
rejected on the ground that the claimant had not served on
the Continental establishment. He has now obtained such proof
as he was able, to shew that he really was on the Continental
Establishment. I enclose with the rest, a letter from Aaron
Marshall to the Revd Doctor Wilson, not only for the sake of
the explanation it contains of the applicants view of the bearing
of the several papers, but also for the sake of the evidence endorsed
upon it in the hand writing of Doctor Wilson. Of that gentleman it
may be necessary for your information to say, that he is the
pastor of the first Presbyterian Church in this City, an eminent
divine, not more distinguished for his talents and attainments
than for the purity and excellence of his life and character. Being
native of the lower part of the State of Delaware, and having spent
there
Page 31

there a considerable part of his life, he is acquainted with
the inhabitants, and with the events of the period referred to
and his widow is entitled to the fullest credit.
I have no knowledge of the applicant. He has been represented to me as helpless by reason of a rupture from casualty in old
age, and entitled to charitable aid, and I am satisfied of
the truth of the representation
If any thing further should be required on his part, I
will be glad to be informed,
With great respect,
Yr most obt sevt
John Sergeant

The Honorable
John C Calhoun
Secretary of War.
Page 32


I received this evening the papers you were good enough
to send me in the case of Aaron Marshall, and will with
great pleasure do what may be in my own to obtain for him
a pension, which he seems well entitled to, by reason of his former
services and his present helpless and destitute sate. I have
therefore written to the Secretary of war, enclosing the papers,
and requesting him to
take them into consideration. If there
should appear to him any defect in the evidence which is of a nature to be supplied
he will of course let me know, and I
will then inform you what further may be necessary. If the case should appear not to be within the scope of the general acts
that have been passed, application must be
made to Congress to introduce M. Marshall into the annual act for placing
individuals on the pension list.

Very respectfully
Yr Most obt serv.
John Sergeant

Oct 20, 1824.
The Revd Doct. Wilson
Page 33

Pension Office
June 30, 1831
The Hon:
John H. Eaton
Secretary of War
Washington D. C.
see letter July 2,1831
Page 34

George Town, Delaware
June 24th 1831.

The Honorable John S. Eaton
the recipt
Sir
I have the honor to enclose
to your care, the within Copy of Record with my Certificate,
in favour of Aaron Marshall Sen'r who that seeks a
pension as a soldier of the Revolution. Mr. Marshall
informs me he has made repeated application for a pension, from 1818 to this time, but some informality has hitherto been detected in his vouchers. I hope the present will be found to conform to the Act of Congress. It was objected
to papers formerly transmitted to the War Department in
behalf of Mr Marshall, that he had not accounted for
the sale of the boy, whom he owned in 1818, The present Deposition will [shew] that he obtained of Col. Sam. B. Davis, in pay for the boy. A note on Doc. H.F. Ball together with
Col. Davis Note - which yet remain unpaid.
Permit me to suggest that Mr. Marshall is a very
aged and infirm man unable to perform any service
by which he can obtain a livelihood-- & is, in consequence
a considerable charge upon his relations.
His case is similar to that of Wm Arnell - a certificate in whose favour I have the honor to acknowledge the [receipt] of.
I flatter myself that Mr Marshall's present 
application will be successful.
Very Respectfully, Sir
I have the honor to be
Your obed Serv't
Caleb S. Layton
Page 35

Geo. Town Del
July 20, 1831

free

J L. Edwards Esquire
of the Pension Office
Washington, D. C.


Pensions 23rd
pen: to com.: July 23, 1831

send cert: to Hon. C. S. Layton
Page 36


George Town Del. July 20. 1831.
J.L. Edwards Esquire

Sir,
I herewith send you a certified
transcript of the Judgments entered by Aaron Marshall
Sen’r, as also the affidavit of A. Marshall Jr. of the
[arm’] of his acc’t of the old man.
You will observe that
there is some trifling variation betwixt A. Marshall
Sr. Certificate as it now remains on file in your
office, & the Certificate here sent: this arises I
suppose from the age infirmities & failing recollections
 of the old gentleman, who had not accounted 
to the fact that those Judgments had been transferred
 to A. Marshal Jr. The Interest also appears
to have been calculated from a wrong date. I suppose
 he calculated from the period of the transfer
 of a settlement made with A.M. Jr. which
may have occurred [accrued] to him, after the lapse of a 
[full year], as the date of the original Judgement.

The variance, however, is not considerable &
will not, hope, interfere with the old Gentleman’s
 application for a Pension. Permit me to
says he is an object of charity, & to no [one]
could a pension come in better time, or in greater
  need than to him.
Respectfully, I am yr Obt Serv
Caleb S. Layton
Page 37

Payable on the 4th March
and 4th September, of
every year, by
This certificate Cancelled
J. R. Black
Pension Agent
at New Castle

This certificate Cancelled

[Cancel this & issue - crossed out]
Issue a new Certificate allowing
Aaron Marshall's
pension to commence 
31st August, 1818

Recorded by Wm. L. Allison
Said Cert: Clerk, in Book D.
Vol 6 Page 141

to Hon. A. Naudain
Senate U.S.
Page 38

WAR DEPARTMENT
REVOLUTIONARY CLAIM
I Certify, That, in conformity with the Law of the United States, of the 18th of March, 1818, Aaron Marshall, Dec'd late a Private in the Army of the Revolution, is inscribed on the Pension List, Roll of the Delaware Agency, at the rate of eight dollars per month, to commence on the 23rd day of July one thousand eight hundred and thirty one 
Given at the War Office of the United States, this 25th day of July one thousand eight hundred and thirty one.
R.B. Taney 
acting Secretary of War
Examined and countersigned,
J.L. Edwards
Page 39


Whilst I held the Commission of associate
Justice or Judge of the Supreme Court of the
State of Delaware in the spring or summer
of the year 1818 to the best of my recollection
several of the old revolutionary Soldiers came before
 me, made application and obtained legal
Certificate of application for Pensions, amongst
others Aaron Marshall Sen’r of Lewie Delaware.
His I  thought as well as all others were claims
of right upon the United States for services rendered
in the Revolution - to the best of my recollection 
I forwarded the Certificate to the seat of
Government as I did many others, which I have
no doubt ought to have been paid from that time.
Samuel Paynter
March 12th 1834.

State of Delaware
Sussex County ss
I George R. Fisher, Prothonotary of the Superior Court
of the State of Delaware, for Sussex County, do certify, That
Samuel Paynter, whose name is above subscribed
was duly commissioned and qualified as an associate
Judge or Justice of the late Supreme Court of the saw
State, and resided in Sussex County, prior to the time
he has above mentioned in the afors’d 1818, and that
he continued to officiate as such Judge or Justice
in the said late Supreme Court In several succeeding
 years, as by the records of said late Court now
remaining in my office fully appears, and that the
signature thereto purporting to be his, I believe
to be in his own proper hand writing. In
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed
the seal of my office at Georgetown, the 19th day
March Anno Domini 1834 George R. Fisher Pro-
Page 40

Senate Chamber March 18th 1834
James L. Edwards Esqr
Commissioner of Pensions
Sir
Yesterday I received the enclosed
letter and papers from Aaron Marshall
who served in the same company with
Wm Arnell and who made application
for pension before Judge Paynter about
the same time that Arnel did. He also
desires to be allowed arrearage of pension
 to that time. The same reasons
which have induced the recognition
of Arnel's claim, I think, exist in this
and claim for it a like decision.
Permit me to ask to your early attention to the case.
With great respect
Your obt servt
A. Naudain
Page 41

Senate Chamber March 31 1834
James L Edwards Esqr
Commissioner of Pensions
Sir
This morning I received the enclosed pension certificate of Aaron Marshall dec'd which, according to your request, I transmit to you that a new certificate may be issued to him so that he may be paid a pension from the 31 one of August 1818
Most respectfully
your obt servt
Arnold Naudain
Page 42

In Court of Common Pleas, April Appearances 1812
93 R.
Caleb Rodney vs. Aaron Marshall
Debt Line Breve; Judgment entered
1st June 1812. Real debt is eighty
three dollars and thirty six cents $83.36
Interest from 30th March 1811

I do hereby transfer the above Judgment to Aaron Marshall Junior
  for value received, witness my hand and seal the 23rd Nov’r 1819.
Test F. Brown Prothy    Caleb Rodney (seal)
Costs: Attorney $2.67    Pro. 1.06   Crier .13 
$3.86 [total]

April Continuances 1816
Cr. 65 p.p.
Peter Merkins vs. Aaron Marshall Senr
Cap’s Case &C  Nov’r 26th
Aaron Marshall Senr-
1816 Judgment &c. Referred
to the Prothy to ascertain the
Amount.  Amount due on
the 6th August 1817 is one hundred and eighty seven dollars and
eighty nine cents.  $187.89

Als. Fi. Fa. issued to April Term 1819 No. 143 - Sheriff returns
"Levied on lands as per inquisition, which inquisitors say will not
Rent.  Venditioni Exponas issued to Nov’r Term [Tenor or Town?]1819 No. 157
Sheriff returns "unsold for want of buyers.”  Stayed by order of
Plffs Atty. 
May 28th 1821 this Judge for the use of
Aaron Marshall Junr at his risk & request (vide Narr)
Costs:  Attorney $2.73  Pro -  9.36  Sh’ff Robinson &c  2.37  Do Tindal  5.01 
$19.47 [total] 

State of Delaware
Sussex County, to wit
In Testimony that the above and foregoing
statements are true extracts from
the above Judgments, remaining on
Record, and unsatisfied, in my office
I have hereunto set my hand and affixed
the seal of the Court of Common Pleas
of the State of Delaware, at Georgetown
in and for Sussex County aforesaid the
14th day of July Anno Domini 1831
George R. Fisher Pro.
Page 43

Aaron Marshall Senr
To Aaron Marshall Jr Dr

1819 
November 23 To the Amt of a Judgm’t Caleb Rodney against
you enter’d in the Com. Pleas Transfer’d to me this day real
Debt is $83.63 Interest from the 30th March 1811 To this day is $43.25
and Cost of Suit $3.86  
$130.47 [total should be $130.74]

1821
May 28 to the amt of a Judgment Peter Merkins against you
enter’d in the Com. Pleas Transfer’d to me this Day Real
Debt is $187.89 Interest from 6th August 1817 to this day is
$42.97 and Cost of Suit $19.47
$250.33 [total]

1822
May 21 To the amt of my book Accp’t against you for Store
Dealings as per Settlement this day under your hand -
Exclusive of the above Judgments - - - 
$68.00

1831
July 13th To Interest on your Accomp’t Settled under your hand
as above stated to this day
$37.31

" 13th To Interest on the Amt of Caleb Rodney Judgment as
me as above stated from the 23 November 1819 to this day 
$58.23

" 13th to Interest on Peter Merkins Judgment as above said from
the 28th May 1821 to this day
$114.16

$658.50 [grand total]

Aaron Marshall Jr

Sussex County
Be it known that on this fifteenth day of July
in the year of our Lord one thousand Eight hundred and thirty one
personally appeared before me the Subscriber one of the Justices of the
Peace for said County and State of Delaware Aaron Marshal Jr.
and made oath on the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God that the
above and foregoing account of Six hundred and fifty eight
and fifty cents against Aaron Marshall Sr is just and truly [illegible]
[Same starch] stated and that no part thereof
hath been paid on any thing delivered in 
[satisfaction] of the same and that the same is just and
truly due
Aaron Marshall Jr
Sworn and Subscribed 
to before me this 15th July 1831
P. Hall J. P.
Page 44

Secretary's Office
George Town, Delaware
The State of Delaware S.S.
I, Caleb S. Layton, Secretary
of the State of Delaware, and as such
keeper of the Great Seal, and of the Register
 of the official acts and proceedings
of the Governor of the said State of Delaware
 do hereby Certify, that George R.
Fisher, who has hereinbefore given his
Certificate, was at the time of making
the said Certificate, and now is the 
Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas,
of the State of Delaware aforesaid, in
and for the said County of Sussex, and
that Peter Hall, who has taken the
affidavit of Aaron Marshall Jr was, at the time of a
taking the same, and now is, one of the Justices of the Peace
of the said State of Delaware, in and for the County of
Sussex aforesaid. In Testimony whereof I have hereto
at my hand and affixed the Great Seal of the State of
Delaware, aforesaid, at George Town, this nineteenth
day of July in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight
hundred and thirty one; and of the Independence of the
said State the fifty-sixth.
Caleb S. Layton
Secretary of the State of Delaware
Page 45

19,408
Aaron Marshall
Sussex Co Delaware,

John Sergeant,
Philadelphia.

Recd 23 Oct. 1824
see letter Feb. 16. 1830
to Hon. A. Naudin

rejected Feb 10 1825

[circle stamp]
PHIL  21 OCT

6927



The Honorable
John C. Calhoun 
Secretary of War 
Washington
Page 46

When Major Perry settled
his acct's soon after the war
it is probable Robt Morris
Esqr acted as Financier
and a Committee of Congress
directed the settlement of
all military acct's
Page 47

[right side of page missing]

Therefore, we
the Late Kin
Sheriff of Len
the affd’t of
Ga. Pa.
Page 48

There are cases
Allowed;  the same [effects]
of the case of Wm
Arnell,  Let it be 
allowed
J.L.
Page 49

Lewis Town March 13th 1834
Der Sir Understanding by Henry F Rodney that
You have taken a Lively Interest in behalf of all
the Old Revolutioners in Procuring their rights from
Government I being one would wish to express my utmost
Gratitude for your Exertion, in having my business 
attended to that now is my only dependance,  which from
Infirmity of old age and a severe stroke of the palsey
Disables me from being able to do much & finding that the
present Alowance Scanty to Support me, I have taken this
opportunity to solicit of you your aid in Procuring for
me what I understand all the old Revolutioners is entitled
to - that is pay from the time they first applied to Government.
My First Application was in April 1818 Through Samuel
Paynter who then was associate Judge of our Court at
George Town, State of Delaware which papers was taken
to the Clerk of said Court William Russel which
put his Signature & Seal of Court to those papers.
Being sent Back I sent on to Congress in 1819 with
A Petition drawn up by Caleb Rodney with a Number
Of Signers with a Letter stating my Services with many other
[Pitcholers] and the Captain William Perry, Commission
& the First Lieutenant John Wesley’s Commission both
Signed by John Handcock, the said Letter I took a Coppy
of at the time which I now send you enclosed. & also
In 1824 I sent a petition to Congress papers being sent
Back in 1828. I applied again assigned by a Number
and each time I had different witness & attest to my
Services. Papers again Sent Back. then in 1830 by your
Exertions I was enabled to get a pension which Commenced
on the 23 day of July 1831 Given at the War office of the
United States,  Bearing Date 25th day of July 1838, signed by
R B Taney acting Secretary of War.
Page 50

which was Examined and countersigned by J L Edwards, 
Recorded by Wm S Allison Clerk in Book D Vol 6 Page 141, 
which paper I have in my possession. In 1824 I had all those
old papers which I sent on to Doct. Wilson in Philadelphia
who forwarded them on to John Sergent one of the Senate.
they being returned to Docter Wilson I have never
yet been able to get them but if what I now am
able to make appeal is not sufficient. I will have his
papers serch to get them and send them on. I have
in hand John Sergant Letter to James P. Wilson or Doctor
Wilson which I have enclosed. Also Samuel Paynter
Certificate who in 1818 was Judg to which I then
applied, Stating my application at that time and to
make it more strong George Fisher Seal Prothonator
now at George town Delaware to the same the Law
was past in march 1818 and it was not until July 1831 which
would make me intitled to 13 years and three months
pay which if I could git now would make me comfortable
throughout my Declining years.  your Compliance to attend
to my Business will much oblige your most humble Servint.
Aaron Marshall Sen’r

The Respectful
Arnold Naudine
Page 51

Mr Marshal is a very poor man, but credible.
He is of the Methodist denomination. I have
known him from my childhood. Major
William Perry, the captain under whom Mr.
Marshal served, was stationed at Lewes for the
double purpose of defending the place against
the English vessel, who produced often daily
alarm & frequently actually landed some of their
men; and suppressing the efforts inimical
to our cause. I have seen a company of men
in that place raid an English Jack upon
a pole erected in opposition to liberty pole.
On another occasion I was present, being the
a lad, when the enemies of liberty, act down
the County pole in the midst of the town. I
mention the circumstances to show the
importance of the service of that company
whereof Mr Marshall was a soldier.
The failure of the success of the same
application, it appears, was founded in a mistake.
The company was continental & to do
the same service, for which the riflemen &
regiment mentioned by the Mr. Marshal were stationed
at Lewes for a long time, I well remember.
James P. Wilson [illegible]
Page 52

State of Delaware
Sussex County
Lewestown

Most Respected Friend James Wilson, Dear Sir
With my Feble hand I now take my pen to write
you a full account of my being a Solder in
Captain William Perres Company in the spring in
the year of 1776. our town lay very much exposed
to the Enemy and from the continual alarms and
the vessels being drove ashore by the Enime which
Caused A Steady Guard to be kept by the Militia. I was
them in my Eighteenth year of my age and with the
Rest of my fellow Citisens I thout it my duty to give
Every help in my power to repel all hostility against
our beloved country therefore I paid Every attention
to the orders of our Commanding officers which was
Authorized by the State of Delaware, at that time
Colnel David Hall Sen’r and Major Henry Fisher.
and [I] served as A Militiaman without fee or reward.
Nevertheless our commanding officers did not
think our force sufficient. They wrote on to Congrees to
send men to Lewestown which they Amediently Did By
Sending Colnal Hasslet’s Ridgment and A Ridgment of
Riflemen who remained at Lewes until about the First
of August. A Call then to go to New York or long Iland
for them took place.  Our commanding officer Colnal
D. Hall Sen’r and Major Fisher wrote to Congress to Inlist
one hundred men to Garrison the two forts that lay about
one mile from each other - Miltown fort and the Upton
fort with what help the Milisha Could Aford when Necessity
Required  mite be sufficient.  Congress Amediently sent A
Blank Commission to Major Henry Fisher if he would accept
the Captain’s Commission of sd one hundred men.
But before the Commission came on Major Fisher had been
Authorised By men in Philidelphia who had the power at
that time to keep to look out & note for the purpose of giving
intelligence to Philladelphia of the Enemies Movements, and
so forth. Major Henry Fisher wrote to Congress to let them know
His sittuation and let them know that Captain William [Pierre?]
would accept the Captain’s Commission. it was Amediently Sent
on John Hancock's Name sin’d to it. the company was enlisted as
soon as possible and by 1777 sin’d up for one year. Again being [illegible] 
in the year 1778 in which year I enlisted in the Continental Services.
Page 53

We was Inlisted by order of Congress supported by Congress
and ras’d of & By Congress and when a Gratious act was Past for
giving Aid to old Revolutioners I considered I had A Just Claim
for Pension Being Sunk under the weight of years and Nede.
I also served all the Rest of the war as a Millishaman without
Ever asking a cent.  the Declar’d Independance was July 4 1776 and
 Our Company was the first or near the first that ever was raised
about Here under the Continental Astablishment by Congress.
And when the Circuit judge [asked about] my papers to send on to
Washinton he asked me if we had any Colnal & I told him no.
Nevertheless I told Him that Colnald Hall Sen’r and Major Henry Fisher
Generally held a Counsel About what was to the Done with our Captain.
Almost in Every Case and Colnal Hall’s Name Being mentioned in
our papers I suppose was takenfor Colnald Halls Sen’r name
at that time. Colnald Hall Junior was but A Captain in Conald
Haslett’s Regment. Our papers was sent to Dover to know if there was
Any muster roll or pay rolls in the offis of Captin William Perres [Perry’s]
Company at Dover and aMr. H. M. Rigle Wrote Back as thou it
Beleived there who was such a company in the Astablishment
of the Revolutionary war or that it never was attach’d to Colnal H
Regment. Therefor it Apears as if the Honorable Sect’y at war taken up
[illegible] that our Company Stood in No Hier Rank that a
Common State Company Commissoned By the Delaware State
 As to pay Rolls or muster Rolls of Captain William Perre’s Co., 
 They will never be found in the offis of the secatary of the State of Delaware.
I know that he went to Philladelphia to get money to pay the
 soldiers with and I understood that A Committee of Congress
Was appointed for that purpose. And when I applied for pension
I thought I would make everything plain. I went to Captain Perre’s widow
To get his Commission which she gave me with pleasure. I also obtained
the first Lieutenant commission which is Now in Washinton. I now send
you a book of our names made out by Captain Perre’s own h.and
Also a Copy of a letter that was sent to Congress returning thanks
the honor conferred and the Captain looking to Congress for his Conduct &
In future as well to let him know how the company was to be provided
for and particular Instructions to be governed by them. It may be that you may have 
In your possession the letter sent back as answer to
 this letter wrote by your aged Friends own Hand and would be glad that
 The  Honorable Secretary could see it. 
Aaron Marshall Sen’r aged 67 yrs
Page 54


Lewes 23 of April 1777
Sir
I had the Honor of receiving yours of
the seventh Instant yesterday by what means it was so long detain'd I know not. Words are wanting to express the obligations I am under to
the Honorable Congress for this mark of their confidence
confer'd upon me and they may be [glad] they shall ever find me ready to obey their Commands with cheerfulness in all things tending to the advancement
of the Honour and Freedom of the United States, 
and should deem it my indispensable duty
to have accepted the command of the Company ordered
to be rais'd would my Domestic and other circumstances permit but as I am already in the
service of the United States it might not perhaps
be in my power to give that attendance on the
Company it absolutely required and therefore have declin'd it.
As the Congress have been pleased to entrust
me with the nomination of the Captain [illegible].
I have agreeable to their request nominated [page torn-first name missing?]
[illegible Clinton?] to take command of the the Company who had ever distinguished himself
as a friend to the Cause of American Liberty and 
for whose character I will refer you Col McLean.
The Subalterns I have also nominated and have
enclose'd [illegible insert] a list of their names.
I must beg the favor of you
to return my sincere thanks to Congress for the
the notice they have been pleas'd to take of me and
Page 55

the few friends of America in this unhappy County
and also for the protection they have been pleased to afford us 
against our Common Enemy as well as our internal
enemies and in full confidence that the measures will effectually answer the purposes by Congress intended.
The Caption is desirous to know on whom to draw for the subsistence Money for the Company or in what manner it is to be provided for also to have particular instruction from Congress to Govern his Conduct and future.
Page 56

Copy of Major Henry Fisher's Letter to 
the Secretary of Congress - 1777-
which has been in my possess ever since the death of Mr. Fisher and de'd to Aaron Marshal, with the muster roll of Capt Perry's comp'y for the purpose of favor'g his application for a pension.
Dan'l Rodney
Lewes [Del] 1824-