Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty Land Warrant Application File W. 10,376, William Banks, Va.
Page 1

(3-1776)
[word partially blocked by paper clip] SE_V_CE 
[SERVICE]
Va. [Virginia]

NUMBER
W. 10376
B.L.Wt. 13895-160-55

Banks, William 
[Banks,] Elizabeth 
__________________________________________
CONTENTS
Page 2

[On left side of this record:]

22345
Indiana
William Banks
[missing letters at left page margin] _ Putnam Co [County] in the State of Indiana -ho [who] was a Sergeant in the Com [Company] commanded _y [by] Captain Pamplin of the regt [regiment] commanded _y [by] Col [Colonel] Richardson in the Virginia -ine [line] for 6 months Sergeant

Inscribed on the Roll of Indiana _t [at] the rate of [?] 30 Dollars __ Cents per annum, __ [to] commence on the 4th day of March, 1831.


Certificate of Pension issued the 29 day of October 1833 and [illegible] 
_ Farley - GreenCastle

Arrears to the 4th of Sept [September] [$] 75__ [$75.00]
Semi-anl. [Semi-annual.] allowance ending 4 March [$] 15- [$15.00]
_______________________________________________________________________
$90.__ [$90.00]

(Revolutionary Claim,)
(Act June 7, 1832.)
Recorded by Dan Boyd[,] Clerk,
Book E [or Q] Vol. 7 Page 105

[At top right side of this record:]
(Letter to Pen Agt [Pension Agent] 31 Oct 1837
(A B Fontaine
Order to pay Same - 10 Jany [January] 1838
Page 3

[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the long text block easier to read.]

State of Indiana)
Putnam County) SS.

On this 22nd [or 23rd] day of October A.D., 1832 personally appeared in open Court before the Honorable Amory Kinny president Judge of the Seventh Judicial Circuit of the State Aforesaid in which is included the County of Putnam aforesaid And the Honorable David Deweese and William Elrod asociate [associate] Judges for the County aforesaid the Putnam Circuit Court now Sitting William Banks[,] a resident of Putnam County aforesaid and State of Indiana aforesaid[,] Aged Seventy two years who first being duly Sworn according to law, doth, on his Oath make the following declaration in order to Obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress passed June 7th 1832.   

That he entered the Service of the United States under the following named officers And Served as herein Stated[;] The Marquis De La Fayette[,] General.  _____ Muhlenburg[,] Brigadier General[;] Richardson[,] Colonel of the light Infantry regement [regiment.]

The names of the other field officers not recollected [.] 
James Pamplain[,] Captain[;]  Lieutenant Horseley[;] Wilham [or William] McNeece[,] Ensign.  
That he entered the service Some time in the first of March 1781 And Served a tour of six months.  That he resided at the time of entering the service in Amherst County in Virginia
Page 4

[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the long text block easier to read.]

That he was drafted into the service under the above named officers in the Virginia Militia[.]  That ^he did not march out of the State of Virginia[.]  He says I was born in Culpepper County in the state of Verginia [Virginia] in the year 1761 on the [?] 3rd day of June.  have a record of my age in my family bible.  

I have lived in the State of Kentucky Chiefly since the Revolutionary War and now live in the state of Indiana [in] Putnam County.  He says I served as Sergeant: was regularly discharged but have long since lost it as I did not think it worth preserving[.]  

He hereby relinquishes every Claim whatever to a pension or annuity except the present [here “and declares” is stricken through, then repeated] and declares that his name is not on the pension roll of the agency of any State, [here “Sworn and Subscribed the day and year aforesaid” is stricken through] ^ that he has no documentary evidence And that he Knows of no person whose testimony he can procur_ [procure] Who Can testify to his Service 

William Banks [his X mark]

Sworn to and Subscribed the day and year aforesaid
A McGaughey[,] Clerk 

We John Clements a Clergyman [partially-blotted word appears to be:] residing in Putnam County and Daniel [?] Chadd residing in the same hereby Certify that we are well Acquainted with William Banks who has Subscribed and Sworn to the above declaration[;]  that we believe him to be 72 [or ? 78] Years of age; that he is reputed and believed in the neighbourhood where he resides to have been a Soldier of the revolution and that we concur in that Opinion.
John Clements
Daniel Chadd
Page 5


[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the text block easier to read.]

And the Said Court do hereby declare their opinion After the investigation of the matter and after putting the interrogatories prescribed by the War Department that the above ^ named applicant was a revolutionary Soldier And served as he states

And the Court further Certifies that it appears to them that John Clements Who has signed the preceding Certificate is a Clergyman resident in the County of Putnam aforesaid and ^ that Daniel Chadd is a Credible Person and that their Statement is entitled to Credit.

A. Kinney
Wm [William] Elrod 
David Deweese

State of Indiana
Putnam County 

I[,] Arthur McGaughey Clerk of the Circuit Court in And for the County of Putnam aforesaid do hereby certify that the foregoing Contains the original proceedings of the said Court in the matter of the application of Williiam Banks for a pension.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of Said Court at Greencastle on this 22nd Dayof October, A.D. 1832; A. McGaughey, Clerk

[Near the lower left side margin, there is what appear to be a very faint impression of a round seal of office, showing through from the other side of the record.]
Page 6

[Occasional spacing has been included to make the text block easier to read.]

And now at this day to wit at a Circuit Court Continued by adjournment and held for the County and Circuit aforesaid on the 26th day of April A D 1833 present as before Stated in this declaration

Comes now into Open Court the aforesaid William Banks the declarant and makes this amendment to his former declaration[,] 

That is to say in answer to the fifth and Seventh qestions [questions] prescribed by the war department[,]  he States. General Wayne and General Morgan and Gen. [General] Green and Col [Colonel] Mathews were officers in the regular service with whom he was acquainted. And he says that [?] Mr John Wingate [and] [?] Mr Daniel [?] Chadd and the [hard-to-read, possibly Revd meaning Reverend] John Clements are persons in his neighbourhood who Can testify to his good morel [moral] Character[.]

Wm Banks 26.745

William Banks [his Mark]

And the said Court State that they believe the said William Banks States the truth as his said amended declaration,
A. Kinney
Wm. [William] Elrod
David Deweese

State of Indiana) [?] Sct
Putnam County) 
I[,] Arthur McG__gley Clerk of the Circuit Court in and for the county of Putnam aforesaid hereby Certify that the foregoing Contains all the original proceedings in the matter of the applicatio_  [application] of William Banks for a pension
In testimony whereof I have hereto Set my hand and affixed the seal of Said Court on the 26th day of Apl [April] 1833

A. [?] McGeseghey[,] Clerk
Page 7

William Banks

return

[Illegible] 5 & 7

R. Boon
Page 8

BRIEF in the case of William Banks
County of Putnam in the State of Indiana
(Act 7th June, 1832.)

1. Was the declaration made before a Court or a Judge? Court

2.  If before a Judge, does it appear that the applicant is disabled by bodily infirmity? ____

3.  How old is he? 72

4.  State his service, as directed in the form annexed.

[Chart categories:]
Period. l Duration of Service. l Rank. l Names of General and Field Officers under whom he served.

[Period:] drafted In 1781 March
 
[Duration of Service:] Years, ____   Months, 6    Days, _____.

[Rank] As a ["private" is stricken through] ^ Sergeant

[Names of General and Field Officers under whom he served:] 
Gen, ______
^ Capt. [Captain] J. Pamplin, Col. [Colonel] Richardson, Gen. [General] Muhlenburg [or Muklenburg], Lafayette

5.  In what battles was he engaged? none

6.  Where did he reside when he entered the service?  Amherst Cty [County], Va. [Virginia]

7.  In his statement supported by living witnesses, by documentary proof, by traditionary evidence, by incidental evidence, or by the rolls?  traditionary

8.  Are the papers defective as to form or authentication?  and if so, in what respect?  Correct

I Certify that the foregoing statement and the answers agree with the evidence in the case above mentioned.

F. Waugh[,] Examining Clerk.
Page 9

[On left side of record:]
5204
Indiana  Indians 
Elisabeth Banks.
widow of William Banks
Va [Virginia, appearing to the left of "William Banks"]
who served in the Revolutionary war, as a Sergeant.

Inscribed on the Roll at the rate of 30_ dollars 00. cents [$30.00] per annum, to commence on the 3d February, 1853.

Certificate of Pension issued 24th day of May 1855 and sent to Matson and Hanna
Green Castle
Inda [Indiana]

Recorded on Roll of Pensioners under act February 3, 1853 Page 188. Vol. A 

[On right side of record:]
Date of death not on A.B.
[?] Messrs. Florence and Conant [or Cowant.]
April 1. 1863.
Page 10

Act Feb 3d [the last number in the year is hard to read, but it looks most likely:] 1853 [or 1859] 

Application for Pensien [Pension]
Mes Elizoleth [Mrs Elizabeth] Banks

Addeess [Address]
Matson & Hanna her attys [her attorneys]
SeeenCastle [Greencastle] Indiana
Page 11

[Occasional spacing has been included to make the long text block easier to read.]

State of Indiana
County of Putnam

On this twenty sixth day of April AD one thousand eight hundred and fifty five personally appeared before me the undersigned a Justice of the Peace within and for the County and State aforesaid a Justice of the Peace within and for the County and State aforesaid Elizoleth [Elizabeth] Banks a resident of Putnam County in the State of Indiana aged Seventy three yeals [years] and nine months who being duly suoln [sworn] according to Law doth on her oath make the following declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the provisiens [provisions] made by the act of Congress passed February the 3d AD 1853, see [illegible] section of said Act.

She states that her husband William Banks was a Sergeant in the Army of the Revolution and rendered service in said war, and that in consideration of said service so rendered, her said husband in his lifetime made application for a Pensien [Pension] and received from the war department a certificate under the Act of 7th of June 1832 which entitled him to thirty dollars per annum during his natural life, which said Certificate is hereto attached and herewith enclosed as proof of the service of her said husband.  

She states that she is at present unable to give a detailed statement of the facts pertaining to the service of her said husband and hence respectfully refees [refers] to the application made by her said husband in his lifetime and the enclosed evidence of said service and the Meritorious character of the same. 

She further declares declares that she was mueeied [married] to the said William Banks on the tenth day of December Eighteen hundred and one:  that her husband the aforesaid William Banks died on the fifth day of September Eighteen hundred and thirty nine;  that she was not married to him prior to his lieveing [leaving] the service, but the marriage took place previous to the third day of February Eighteen hundred and fifty three viz at the time above stated.  She further swears that she is now a widow and that she has Never before made any application for a pension.  She further States
Page 12


that She is at present very infirm with age and that in Consideration of the Services of her deeeased [deceased] husband and by Virtue of the [nearly illegible, possibly pervishens, meaning provisions] of the [?] Secend [? Second] section of said Act of Feb 3 AD 1853 She respectfully asks to be placed on the pension roll and prays that a certificate according to the rules and regulations in such case made and [illegible] may at the earliest convenience be issued to her and that the sum allowed her per annum may commence with the date of said Act of 1853.

Elizabeth [or Elisabeth] Banks [her X mark]

Sworn to and subscribed on the day and year above written before me. and I heeely [hereby] certify that said Elizabeth Banks on account of bodily infirmity is unable to appear in open Court and that the above and foregoing declueatien [declaration] was ackowledge [acknowledged] and swoen [sworn] to at the residence of her son Wesley Banks in the County of Putnam in the state of Indiana.

John s. Jennings JP [Justice of the Peace] Seal 

I John S Jennings, do herby [hereby] certify that the Said Elizabeth Banks, is in a condition that She could not be brought into Court to have her papers made out without great danger to her life; and I further State that I was well acquainted with William Banks in his lifetime and was preasent at his funeral and am acquated [acquainted] with the said Elizabeth Banks and know that She is a widow; and I further certify that I took the annexed from the family Record. "William Bank. and Elizabeth. his Wife were Married December 10th 1801."  

John S Jennings JP [Justice of the Peace] Seal
Page 13

State of Indiana)
Putnam County) SS

I Jacob McGinnis[,] Clerk of the Circuit Court of said county; do hereby certify that John S Jennings Esq [Esquire] before whom the within and foregoing declaration and affidavit were made[,] is an acting justice of the peace of the county and State aforesaid. duly commissioned and qualified. and that full faith and credit are due all his official acts as such.  and that his signature thereto is genuine,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affix the seal of said court at Greencastle this 27th day [here a second "day" is stricken through] of Apriel [April] 1855

Jacob McGinnis[,] Clerk
Page 14

[On the bottom of the left page of this record:] Vol. B [or B1] - 11, 

[From the top of the right page of this record:]
114,512 Act March 2/53 [March 2, 1853]
May 2/53 [May 2, 1853]

Elizabeth Banks
Widow of 
Wm [William] Banks, Sergeant.

Sergeant
Va Line
Revolutionary War

Pensioner, under Act June 7/32 [June 7, 1832]

Ind [Indiana] Feby 53 [February 1853] - 5204 [or 5294 or 5214]

[?Ad. or ?AW.] 160 acr [or acs, probably meaning acres] Jany [January] 10th/56 [January 10, 1856]
[Two separate illegible entries]

Matson F [or S or L] Hanna.
Green Castle, Ind. [Indiana] 

[Diagonally, across about the top half of this record, appears:] No 13895 iss [issued] Jany 12/56 [January 12, 1856]
Page 15

[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the long text block easier to read.]

State of Indiana
County of Putnam

On this twenty sixth day of April AD one thousand eight hundred and fifty [illegible] personally appeared before me the undersigned a Justice of the Peace within and for the County and State aforesaid Elizobeth [Elizabeth] Banks aged Seventy three years and nine months a resident of Putnam County in the State of Indiana who being duly sworn according to law declares that she is the widow of William Banks deceased who was a Sergeant in the Army of the Revolution.  

She is not able to State in what particular service he was engaged or the precise length of time he was engaged in said Revolutionary war. but for  proof of his said Service in Said war she respectfully refers to the papers and application on file made by her said husband in his lifetime for a Pension under the "Act of 7th" of June 1832" as [and] also to a certified copy of the Certificate duly issued to her said husband by Lewis Cass[,] Secretary of War[,] granting a pensien [pension] for said services which said certifiee [certified] Copy of said Certificate is heeeto [hereto] annexed Maekee [probably meaning "Marked"] "A" 

She further states that she was married to the said William Banks in Larrard [probably meaning Garrard] County in the State of Kentucky on the tenth day of December Eighteen hundred and one by one Randol [or Randal] Hall and that her name before her said marriage was Elizobeth [or Elizabeth] Brown, that her said husband aiel [died] at Putnam County in the State of Indiana on the 5th of September AD Eighteen hundred and thirty nine and that she is now a widow.  

She further states that she has no knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief that her said husband ever received any Bounty Land whatever for ["service" is stricken through] said service eendeerea [rendered] in said Revolutienay [Revolutionary] War.  She therefore makes this declaration for the purpose of obtaining the Bounty Land to which she may be entitled under the [illegible] March 8th 1855.  She also declares that she has never [?] received nor applied for Bounty Land under this or any other act of Congress.

Elizabeth Banks [her mark]

Swoen [Sworn] to and subcribed before me the day and year above Witten [Written] and I certify that I believe the claimant to be the identical person she represents herself to be and that I have no intust [interest] in said Claim
Page 16

State of Indiana
County of Putnam
On this twenty sixth day of April AD one thousand eight hundred and fifty five personally appeared before me the undersigned a Justice of the Peace within and for the County and State aforesaid John C Seller and [partially stricken through and overwritten} Wesley J Bank residents and citizens of the County and State aforesaid who being duly sworn according to Law declare that they are persenally [personally] acquainted with Elizobth [Elizabeth] Banks who signed her name in their presence to the foregoing declaration.  that they Know her to be the identical person therein represented and that she is now a widow and they swear they are disintereested [disinterested] witnesses

John C Sellers
Wesley I [or J] Banks

Subscribed and swoen [sworn] to before me the day and year above written: and I certify that I am well acquainted with said John C Sellers and Wesley J Banks and that they are credible and respectable citizens of the Court and State aforesaid.
John S Jennings JP [Justice of Peace] Seal

State of Indiana
Count [County] of Putnam
On this twenty Sixth day of April AD one thousand Elight hundred and fifty five personally appeaeea [appeared] before me the undersigned a Justice of the Peace with and for the County and State aforesaid John C Sellers who being duly swoen [sworn] according to law on ooth [oath] says that he has been acquainted with Elizobeth [Elizabeth] Banks for fifty five yiaes [years.] 

that he Knew William Banks her husband in his lifetime.  that of his own Kneuledge [Knowledge] said Elizubeth [Elizabeth] [illegible] said William lived together as man and wife for 40 years, that he knew them as man and wife in the State of Kentucky. that he has good reason to believe and does believe that they were lawfully married, that said William departed this life several years ago and she said Elizobeth [Elizabeth] is now his
Page 17

widow and never has been married since the death of said William [Banks.] I have no intest [interest] in her claim.
John. C. Sellers

Sworn to and subscribed before me this April 26th 1855; and ^x I certify that I am well acquainted with said [blank] and that he is a credible and respectable citizen of the County of Putnam in said State of Indiana. 
John S Jennings JP [Justice of the Peace] (Seal)

State of Indiana
County of Putnam
I[,] Jacob McGinnis[,] Clerk of the Circuit Court within and for the County and State aforesaid do hereby certify that John. S. Jennings esq [esquire] the person before whem [whom] the within and foregoing declaration and affidavit were signed and sworn to[,] was at the time of the execution of the same an acting Justice of the Peace in and for said County and that his Signature thereto is genuine

In testimony whereof I said Clerk have hereunto Set my hand and hereto affixed the seal of said Court at my office in the town of Green Castle [Indiana] the twenty sixth day of April AD 1855. [26 April 1855.]
Jacob McGinnis[,] Clerk 

State of Indiana) SS
County of Putnam)  I John C Sellers, a residen [resident] of the County and State aforesaid Swores [Swore] that the following is a true copy of the family record of William Banks deceased and his wife Elizabeth Bank [or Bankes or Banks] the preasent [present] applicant, [here "December 10th. day 1801, Ware Married" is stricken through] "William Banks, and Elizabeth, his Wife were Married December 10th [or 18th] 1801"
John C Sellers 

Subscribed and Sworn to before me this 26th day of April 1855 and I certify the Same is a true Copy. 
John S Jennings JP [Justice of the Peace} (Seal)
Page 18

114,512
Act March [?] 9 [or 3] 1855
Bounty Land
Mrs Elizoleth {Elizabeth] Banks

Addeess [Address]
Matson & Hanna her Attys. [Attorneys]
Leeen [Green] Castle Indiana
Page 19

11 [or "]

War Department 
Revolutionary claim

I certify that in confoemity [conformity] with the law of the United States of the 7th June 1832 William Banks of the State of Indiana who was a Sergeant in the Army of the Revolution is entitled to receive thirty dollars and ____ cents per annum during his natural life, commenceing [commencing] on the 4th of March 1831 and payable semi annually on the 4th of March and 4th of September in every year

[Near the left margin, there is what looks like a hand-drawn seal of office.]
Livn [Given] at the War office of the United States this 29th day of October one thousand eight hundred and thirty three
Lewis Cass
Secretary of War

Examined and)
Countersigned)
J.L. Edwards
Commissiener [Commissioner} of Pensiens [Pensions]

Payment to be made at [?] Coryden by Thomas Posey[,] Agent for paying Pensienels [Pensioners] in the Agency of Indiana.
Received in the Pensien [Pension] office in Book E [or Q] Vol 7 Page 105 by Danl Boyd [or Boyer]. Clerk.

State of Indiana
County of Putnam. I Jacob McLinnis [or McGinnes,] Clerk of the Circuit Court within and for the County and State aforesaid do hereby certify that I have compared the above and foregoing certificate issued to William Banks with the original and find the same to be a true full and correct copy theeof [thereof.]

In witness whereof I the said Clerk have hereunto set my hand and hereto affixed My seal of said Court at my office in the town of Leeen Cistl [Green Castle] this April the 26th 1855.
Jacob McGinnes [or McGinnis,] Clerk.
Page 20

[Column on the left side of the page.]
Malachi complaineth of Israel's profaneness.
CHAP. [Chapter] I, II, III. 
The priests and people reproved.


Before CHRIST cir 367. 
1 Rev. 18, 2. 
thus saith the Lord of hosts, They shall build, but I will throw down; and they shall call them, The ^i border of wickedness, and, The people against whom the Lord hath indignation forever.

k Ps. 59, 10. 
l Ps. 35, 26, 27.
5 And ^k your eyes shall see, and ye shall say, The Lord will be ^l magnified from the border of
Israel.

m. Ex. 20, 12. 
n 1 Pet 1, 17.
o Hos. 5, 1. 
p Hos. 12, 8.
6 A son ^m honoureth his father, and a servant his master: if then I be a ^n father, where is mine
honour? and if I be a master, where is my fear? said the Lord of hosts unto you, ^o O priests, that despise my name.  And ye say, Wherein ^p have we despised thy name?

[illegible] Deut. 15, 21. 
r Isa. 65. 11 
7 Ye offer ^q polluted bread upon mine altar; and ye say, Wherein have we polluted the? In that ye say, ^r The table of the LORD is contemptible.

s 1 John 3, 20. 
t Pr. 21, 27. 
8 And if ye offer the blind for sacrifice, ^ s is it not evil? and if ye offer the ^t lame and sick, is it not evil? offer it now unto thy governor: will he be pleased with thee, or accept thy person? said the Lord of hosts.

u Isa. 47, 12.
x 1 Sam 1, 30. 
9 And now, ^u I pray you, beseech God that he will be gracious unto us: this hath been by your means: will he ^ x regard your person? said the Lord of hosts.

y 1 Cor. 9, 13.
z Isa. 1, 13 
10 Who is there even among you that would shut the doors for nought?  neither do ye kindle fire ^y on mine altar for nought.  I have ^z no pleasure in you, said the Lord of hosts, neither will I accept an offering at your hand.

a Isa. 60, 5.
b 1 Tim. 2, 8. 
11 For from the rising of the sun, even unto the going down of the same, my name shall be great ^a among the Gentiles; and ^b in every place incense shall be offered unto my name, and pure offering; for my name shall be great among the heathen, said the Lord of hosts.

c Mark 14, 37.
d Jer. 52. 17.
Dan 5, 3, 4.
12  But ^c ye have profaned it, in that ye say, The table of the Lord is ^d polluted; and the fruit thereof, even his meat, is contemptible.

e. Isa. 58, 3
Amos 8, 5
John 12, 5, 6. 
13  Ye said also, Behold, what a ^c weariness is it! and ye have snuffed at it, saith the LORD of hosts; and ye brought that which was torn, and the lame, and the sick; thus ye brought an offering; should I accept this of your hand? said the Lord.

f Gen. 4, 3.
Jer 4, 22.
Hag. 1, 2, 6, 
Acts 5, 1, 2, 3.
g 1 Tim. 6, 15.
Rev. 6, 10.  
14 But cursed be the ^f deceiver, which hath in his flock a male, and voweth, and sacrificeth unto the Lord a corrupt thing; for I am a great ^g King, said the Lord of hosts, and my name is dreadful among the heathen.

CHAP. II.
Malachi sharply reproveth the priests and the people for their sins.

2 ch. 1, 13.  
AND now, O ye ^a priests, this commandment is for you.

b Rev. 2, 5.
c Josh. 7, 9.
d Micha 6, 16.
2  If ye will ^b not hear, and if ye will not lay it to heart, to ^c give glory unto my name, saith the Lord of hosts, I will even send a curse upon you, and will ^d curse your blessings; yea, I have cursed them already, because ye do not lay it to heart. 

[NOTE: Here the next verse 3 in this page of Bible verses has not been transcribed, because of the nature of the wording that specific verse contains. All other verses from this page have been transcribed.]

g Isa. 26, 11. 
h Num. 1, 5. 
4  And ye shall ^g know that I have sent this commandment unto you, that ^ h my covenant might be with Levi, said the Lord of hosts.

[Right side column begins.   Note that here the chapter and verse numbers, such as those which had appeared near the left side margin in the previous left side column, in this transcription, now have been placed above the applicable verse, continuing as in the previous column transcription, rather than along the left side margin as it appeared in the original Bible page, in order to make all the text easier to read.]

Before CHRIST cir. 397.
The priests and people reproved.                                                                                                          
5 My covenant was with him ^1 of life and peace; and I gave them to him for the fear wherewith he feared me, and was ^k afraid before my name.  

i Num. 25, 12.
k Isa. 66, 2.
l Ps. 37, 30.
m Rev 14, 5.                                                                             
6 The ^l law of truth was in his mouth, and ^m iniquity was not found in his lips: he walked with me in peace and equity, and did ^n turn many away from iniquity.

n Jer. 23, 22.
Dan. 12, 3.
o Mat. 15, 14.
7 For the priest's ^o lips should keep knowledge, and they should ^p seek the law at his mouth; for he is the messenger of the Lord of hosts.

p Pr. 8, 34.
q John 8, 39.
r I Sam. 2, 17.
8 But ye are ^q departed out of the way; ye have caused many to stumble ^r at the law; ye have corrupted the covenant of Levi, saith the LORD of hosts. 

s I Sam. 2, 30.
t Mic. 3, 5.
9 Therefore have I also made you ^2 contemptible and base before all the people, according as ye have not kept my ways, but have been ^t partial in the law.

u Eph. 4, [illegible]
x Jer. 9, 4.
10 Have ye not all ^u one father? hath not one God created us?  why do we deal ^x treacherously every man against his brother, by profaning the covenant of our fathers?

y Hos. 11, 12.
z Ezra 9, 1.
11 ^y Judah hath dealt treacherously, and an abomination is committed in Israel and in Jerusalem:  for Judah hath profaned the holiness of the LORD which he loved, and hath ^z married the daughter of a strange god. 

a 1 Sam. 2, 23.
b Jer. 8, 8
12 The Lord will ^a cut off the man that doeth this, the master and the scholar, out of the tabernacles of Jacob, and him that ^b offereth an offering unto the Lord of hosts. 

c 2 Tim. 3, 13.
d 1 Sam. 1
6, 10.
13 And this have ye done ^c again, covering the altar of the Lord with ^d tears, with weeping, and with crying out, insomuch as he regardeth not the offering any more, or receiveth it with good-will at your hand. 

e Gen. 31, 44.
Prov. 2, 17.
[?] Heb. 13, 5.
14 Yet ye say, Wherefore? Because the LORD hath been ^e witness between thee and the wife of thy youth, against whom thou hast dealt treacherously: yet she is thy companion, and the wife of thy covenant.

f [?] Mat. 19, 4.
g Ezra 2, 1, 2.
1 Cor. 7, 14.
b 1 Cor. 7. 5 [or 6.]
15 And did he not ^f make one? Yet had he the residue of the Spirit.  And wherefore one? That he might seek a godly ^g seed.  Therefore take heed to your spirit, and let none ^h deal treacherously against the wife of his youth.

i Deut. 24, 15.
Mat. 5, 31.
16. For the LORD, the God of Israel saith, that he hateth ^i putting away: for one covereth violence with his garment, saith the LORD of hosts; therefore take heed to your spirit, that ye deal not treacherously.

k Isa. 43. 24.
Amos 2, 13.
1 Ps. 37, 3, 5.
chap. 3. 15.
m Job 20. 5.
& 21, 11, & 27, 8, 23.
17 Ye have ^k wearied the LORD with your words: yet ye say, Wherein have we wearied him? When ye say, Every one that ^l doeth evil is good in the sight of the LORD, and he delighteth in them; or, Where is the God of ^m judgment?  

CHAP. III.
1 Of the messenger, majesty, and grace of Christ.  7 Of the rebellion, sacrilege, and infidelity of the people.

a Mat. 11, 10.
Luke 1, 76
b John 2, 14.
c Hag. 2, 3.
Gal. 4, 4.
d Num 14, 2.
chap 4, 1.
BEHOLD, I will send my ^a messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me: and the LORD, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his ^b temple, even the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in; behold, he ^c shall come, saith the Lord of hosts.

Rev. 6, 13 [or 15], 16
2 But who may ^d abide the day of his coming? 

631
Page 21

/The priests &c reproved for treachery./ MALACHI.        /Elija's coming, &*c/
//COLUMN 1//
Before
CHRIST
cir 397
e Eph. 5, 27.

f Heb 13,
16
g 2 Thes. 1,
2. 5.

h Rora. 3,
11.
i James 1,
17
k Lam. 3,
22.
i Acts 7, 51.

m Zech. 1,3.

n Rom. 10,
21
o Neh. 13,
10.
p Mat. 25,
45.
Acts 9,4
q Hag 1, 6.

r Neh. 10,
38 & 13, 11,
13
s Ps. 37,3.

t Mat. 6, 33
2 Cor. 9,6.

u Pr 3,9,10.

x Deut 11,
14.
L Iag. 1, 10
y Deut. 28,
3.
Job 29, 11.

z Job 22, 13
Ps. 73, 11.
Zeph. 1 12

n Job 21 15

//COLUMN 2
and who shall stand when he appeareth? for he 
/is/ like a refiner's fire, and like fuller's soap:
     3 And he shall sit ^e /as/ a refiner and purifier of
silver; and he shall purify the sons of Levi, and
purge them as gold and silver, that they may offer
unto the LORD an offering in righteousness.
    4 Then shall the offerings of Juda and Jerusa-
lem ^f be pleasant unto the LORD, as in the days of
old, and as in former years.
     5 And I will ^g come near to you to judgment ;
and I will be a swift witness against the sorcerers,
and against the adulterers, and against false
swearers, and against those that oppress the hire-
ling in /his/ wages, the widow, and the fatherless,
and that turn aside the stranger /from his right/,
and ^h fear not me, saith the LORD of hosts.
     6 For I /am/ the LORD, ^i change not; therefore
ye sons of Jacob are ^k not consumed.
      7 Even from the days of ^l your fathers ye are 
gone away from mine ordinances, and have not
kept /them/. Return unto me, and I will return
^m unto you, saith the LORD of hosts. But ye said,
^n Wherein shall we return?
     8 Will a man ^o rob God? yet ye have robbed
^p me. But ye say, Wherein have we robbed thee?
in tithes and offerings.
     9 Ye /are/ ^q cursed with a curse: for ye have
robbed me, /even/ this whole nation.
     10 Bring ye all the tithes into the ^r storehouse,
that there may be meat in my house, and ^s prove
me now herewith, saith the LORD of hosts, if I will
not open you the windows of heaven, and pour you
out a blessing, that /there shall/ not /be room/^t enough
/to receive it.
     11 And I will rebuke the devourer ^u for you sakes, 
and he shall not destroy the fruits of your 
ground; neither shall you ^x vine cast her fruit
before the time in the field, saith the LORD of hosts.
     12 And all nations shall call you ^y blessed: for
ye shall be a delightsome land, saith the LORD of
hosts.
     13 Your words have been ^z stout against me,
saith the LORD: yet ye say, What have we spoken
/so much/ against thee.
     14 Ye have said, ^z It /is/ vain to serve God ; and

//COLUMN 3//
Page 22

FAMILY RECORD.

[Left side of record:]
MARRIAGES
[Faint] William Banks & Elizabeth his wife were married [?] Dec 10th, 1801.

[Right side of record:]
John Banks & Louisa his wife was marriad [married] Nov. 21st, 1843 [or 1845 or 1842]
Page 23

[Some entries are very faint and hard to read for certain.]
FAMILY RECORD.

BIRTHS.    l     DEATHS.
William Banks was born [?] June [or Mar or April] 25th A.D. 1742 [or ? 1744 or 1764]  l  [DEATH]  Departed this life Sept [?] 5th [or 6th] AD [?] 1837 [or 1839 or 1831] 

Elizabeth Banks - Consort of William [?Banks] [illegible] on the 27th of [?] [illegible, possibly ? August or ? April] 1789 [or 1781.]
[No death date shown for Elizabeth Banks.]

Nancy Banks daughter of William [?&} Elizabeth Banks was Aug 4 1802  l  Departed this life Jan 22nd AD 1827 [or 1821 or 1829.]

Frances Banks was born [?] June 16th 1805. l  Departed this life October ___ 1806. 

Mary Banks was born [?] Feby 15th 1807.   l  Depated [Departed] this life Feb the 12th A.D. 1846.

Elizabeth [?] P Banks was born [?Feb] 4th [or ? 14th] 1809.  l  [No death date shown for Elizabeth [P.] Banks.]

Daniel P. Banks was born Sept 30th [or ? 20th] 1810  l  [No death date shown for Daniel P. Banks.]

William [?] S. [or T or L. or J.] Banks was born Feb 2nd A.D. 1814 [No death date shown for William.]
Page 24

[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the text block easier to read.] 

State of Indiana
Putnam Count [County]

Be it remembered that on this day personally came before me the undersigned a Justice of the Peace within and for the County and State eforesaid [aforesaid] John F [or H] Seller who being dul Swoen aeeording [duly Sworn according] to Law on oath says that he was acquainted with William Banks in his lifetime and that he is also aequainted [acquainted] with Elizobeth [Elizabeth] Banks now the widow of said William:

that he became aequaintea [acquainted] with them in the State of Kentucky about the year 1819. that at that time they lived together as man and wife and were eepoytea [reputed] as such. that he Knew them as man and wife feom [from] that date until the deeuth [death] of said William; that she said Elizaleth [Elizabeth] is now a widow 
John F [or H] Seller

Subscribed and sworn to before me This [or the] 12th day of May AD 1855 [or 1859] 
James [?] A or J] Crawley [nearly illegible, but probably Seal] 
Justice of The Peace

And I hereby certify that the said John F [or H] Seller who signed the above affidavit is a credible witness and citizen of Putnam County
James [?A] [or J] Crawley JP [Justice of the Peace] Seal
Page 25

[This record image appears to be a duplicate of the previous image.] 

[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the text block easier to read.]

State of Indiana
Putnam Count [County]

Be it remembered that on this day personally came before me the undersigned a Justice of the Peace within and for the County and State eforesaid [aforesaid] John F [or H] Seller who being dul Swoen aeeording [duly Sworn according] to Law on oath says that he was acquainted with William Banks in his lifetime and that he is also aequainted [acquainted] with Elizobeth [Elizabeth] Banks now the widow of said William:

that he became aequaintea [acquainted] with them in the State of Kentucky about the year 1819. that at that time they lived together as man and wife and were eepoytea [reputed] as such. that he Knew them as man and wife feom [from] that date until the deeuth [death] of said William; that she said Elizaleth [Elizabeth] is now a widow
John F [or H] Seller

Subscribed and sworn to before me This [or the] 12th day of May AD 1855 [or 1859]
James [?] A Crawley [nearly illegible, but probably Seal]
Justice of The Peace

And I hereby certify that the said John F [or H] Seller who signed the above affidavit is a credible witness and citizen of Putnam County
James [?A] [or J] Crawley JP [Justice of the Peace] Seal
Page 26

FAMILY RECORD.

BIRTHS.
Emily A Banks [^in a different handwriting style:] Jun [Junior]
was born May the 10th 1845

DEATHS.
[Blank]
Page 27

[Short line marks were added, to help separate out each entry, to make the births and deaths information for each individual easier to read.] 

FAMILY RECORD.
__________________
BIRTHS.
Emily A. Banks was born [?] Dec 19th 1815,

DEATHS.
[Blank]
__________________
BIRTHS.
[Extremely faint, nearly illegible, possibly ?? Christian Banks was born [illegible phrase and date] 

DEATHS.
Departed this life Sept the 4th. AD. 1847
_________________

BIRTHS.
John Smith Banks was born [??] Nov [illegible] 1816.

DEATHS.
[Blank]

___________________

BIRTHS.
Joseph B [or R] Bank [Banks]
was born July 15 1823 [or 1829]

DEATHS.
Departed this life ["Feb" was stricken out] Dec the 4th AD. 1846

___________________

BIRTHS.
Wesley [?] J. Banks was born July [?] 15th [or ? 19th] 1825 

DEATHS.
[Blank] 
___________________
Page 28


October 19, 1936.

Mrs. Charles H. Rector
Greencastle, Indiana.

BA-J/ILL
William Banks
W. 10376
[Handwritten note appears to read Cer x]

Dear Madam:

Reference is made to your letter in which you request the Revolutionary War records of William Banks and William Shepherd, both pensioners.

Because of the great demand for Revolutionary War data and the limited trained clerical force available for furnishing such information, it is not possible to comply in full with each request for information pertaining to soldiers of that war.  The record of William Banks is furnished herein as found in pension claim, W. 10376, based upon his service in that war.

William Banks was born June 3, 1761 or June 23, 1762, in Culpeper County, Virginia; the names of his parents were not stated.

While a resident of Amherst County, Virginia, he enlisted the first part of March 1781, and served six months as sergeant in Captain James Pamplain's company, Colonel Richardson's Virginia regiment.

After his service in the Revolutionary War, the soldier resided most of the time in Kentucky, afterwards moved to Indiana.

He was allowed pension on his application executed October 22, 1832, at which time he resided in Putnam County, Indiana.  He died September 5, 1839 in that county.

The soldier married December 10, 1801, in Garrard County, Kentucky, Elizabeth Brown.  She was born July 27, 1781; the place of
Page 29

her birth and the names of her parents were not stated.

Elizabeth Banks, the widow of William Banks, was allowed pension on her application executed April 26, 1855, at which time she resided in Putnam County, Indiana.  She was living there in 1863.

The ^names of the children of William and Elizabeth Banks [here "were" is stricken through] ^are shown as follow:

Nancy Banks, born August 4, 1802, died January 22, 1827
Frances " [Banks] '' [born] June 16, 1805, " [died] October __, 1806.
Mary " [Banks] " [born] February 15, 1807, " [died] February 12, 1846.
Elizabeth " [Banks] " [born] February 8, 1809.  [No death date shown.]
Daniel P. " [Banks] " [born] September 30, 1810. [No death date shown.]
William S. " [Banks] "[born] February 2, 1814. [No death date shown.]
Emily A. " [Banks] " [born] December 19, 1815. [No death date shown.]
Almirium " [Banks] " [born] February 5, 1818, died September 4, 1847.
John Smith " [Banks] " born March 7, 1820. [No death date shown.]
Joseph R. " [Banks] " [born] July 15, 1823, died December 4, 1846.
Wesley J. " [Banks] " [born] July 28, 1825.

The following data are also of record -
John Banks and Louisa married November 21, 1843.
Emily A. Banks Jun. born May 10, 1845.

In 1855, soldier's sons, Daniel P. Banks and Wesley J. Banks were residents of Putnam County, Indiana.

Very truly yours,
[Signature line blank]
A. D. HILLER,
Executive Assistant
to the Administrator.

2.
Page 30

[Left side of record] story to pp-

[Middle part of record] Revy [Revolutionary] WIDOW, &c.
File No. 10,376
Elizabeth Banks
Widow of William Banks
Sergt Rev War [Sergeant Revolutionary War] 
Act Feb. 3rd'/53 [Feb. 3rd, 1853.]
Index: Vol. B, Page 32.
[Arrangement of 1870.]

[Right side of record]
Apr. 29. 1897 Hi [or Ai] Mr. Herman Kna [It's unknown if the preceding surname perhaps was cut off at the margin of the page, but it doesn't look like it.]
Ames, Iowa

1908 May 9. Hist. [History] to Col. John T. Barnett[,] Pres. S.A.R. [probably meaning, President, Sons of the American Revolution] Ind. [Indiana]
1909 May 24. Hist. [History] to Mrs. Martin Wright = [Here there is what looks like C with a diagonal line through it.]

1913 Oct. 4. Hist [History] to Mrs. James H. Wilson [followed by a C with a diagonal line through it.]

1934 Aug. 27 - Hist. [History] to Mrs. Royston St. Noble = see letter in Rev. Cl. [probably meaning Revolutionary Claim.]
Wm [William] Allen. W25344.

1936 Oct. 19. Hist [History] to Mrs. Charles H. Rector- 
JLL [or ILL]
Page 31

13,895
Rev [Revolutionary] [illegible] 

3-871.
RECORD DIVISION.
Department of the Interior,
BUREAU OF PENSIONS.

Briefed by L.D.L.
Claim No. [blank]
Certificate No. [blank]
Claimant [blank]
Soldier Wm. [William] Banks
Service Va [Virginia]
Additional Service Rev. [Revolutionary] War

No ___ claim, State records ____, 190_
No claim, combination records, ___, 190_

REMARKS:
No claim except W.#10376

[Nearly illegible number, possibly 3 or 9]-8
[blank] Chief Division
Page 32

[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the text block easier to read.] 

State of Indiana
Putnam Count [County]

Be it remembered that on this day personally appeaeed [appeared] before me the undersigned a Justice of the Peace within and for the County and State aforesaid Daniel P. Banks who being duly swoen [sworn] accoeding [according] to Law on oath says that the [here the next two words are underlined] family recoed [record] to which this his affidavit is attaehed [attached] [,] he took out of the family Bible now in the possession of himself[,] his Beother [Brother], and his Mothee] [Mother] they living together): that the same contains the date of the Birth of his father and Mother:  the date of their maeeiage [marriage] and the date of his said farthees [father's] Death:

said affiant state [states] that he is the son of said Elizoleth [Elizabeth] the applicant for a pension:  and that the reeoea [record] to which this his affidavit is attachea [attached] is genuine. and that said Elizoleth [Elizabeth] is now the widow of William Banks lote [late] Pensioner.
[Signature] Daniel P Banks

Subscribed and Swoen [sworn] to before me this May 21st 1855 and I heeef [probably meaning hereby] certify that I am peesonolly [personally] acquainted with Daniel P. Banks and that he is a ceedible [credible] witness and a Citizen of Putnam Couty [County.] 
John S Jennings JP [Justice of the Peace] Seal
Page 33

William Banks
Putnam Co.
Indiana

from 1780 Sergeant
6 months
$30.-

J. F. Farley
[Here the following name appears to have been partially stricken through, or underlined:] Arthur McGaughey
Clk [Clerk] Putnam Co [County] 
Greencastle, India [Indiana]
Page 34

WAR DEPARTMENT,
Pension Office,

Sir: 
The evidence in support of your claim, under the act of June 7, 1832, has been examined, and the papers are herewith returned.  The following is a statement of your case in a tabular form.  On comparing these papers with the following rules, and the subjoined notes, you will readily perceive that objections exist, which must be removed, before a pension can be allowed.  The notes and the regulations will shew what is necessary to be done.  Those points to which your attention is more particularly directed, you will find marked in the margin with a brace, (thus: }).  You will, when you return your papers to this Department, send this printed letter with them; and you will, by compling [complying] with this request, greatly facilitate the investigation of your claim.

A Statement, shewing the Service of William Banks

[Printed table with the following categories, and the answers added in:]

Period when the service was rendered.  1781

Duration of the claimant's service. Years. l Months. l Days. 
6 Months. 

Rank of the claimant.
Sergt [Sergeant] 

Names and rank of the Field officers under whom he served.
Col. [Colonel] Richardson
Cap. [Captain] Pamplin 

Age at present, and place of abode when he entered the service.
72 VA [William Banks was age 72, and he entered the service in Virginia.]

Proof by which the declaration is supported.
Traditionary

I am, respectfully, 
Your obedient servant,
J. L. EDWARDS,
Commissioner of Pensions.
Page 35

[Occasional spacing, and lines designating blank spaces, have been included, to make the text easier to read.]

REGULATIONS UNDER THE ACT OF JUNE 7, 1832.
The following regulations have been adopted:

This law has been construed to extend, as well to the line, as to every branch of the Staff of the Army,
and to include under the terms "Continental Line," "State troops," "militia," and volunteers," all
persons enlisted, drafted, or who volunteered and who were bound to military service, but not those who
were occasionally employed with the army upon civil contracts, such as Clerks to Commissaries and to
Store Keepers, &c, Teamsters, Boatmen, &c. Persons who served on board of private armed vessels are
also excluded from the benefits of the law, as well as persons who turned out as patrols, or were engaged
in guarding particular places at night, and were not recognized as being in actual military service.

Four general classes of cases are embraced in this law:
The Regular Troops.
2. The State Troops, Militia, and Volunteers.
3. Persons employed in the Naval Service.
4. Indian Spies.

As rolls of the regular troops in the Revolutionary War exist in this Department, all persons claiming the benefit of this law as officers, non-commissioned officers, mucicians [musicians] or privates, will, in the first
instance, make application by transmitting the following declaration, which will be made before a Court of
Record of the County where such applicant resides. And every Court having by law a seal and Clerk is
considered a Court of Record.

DECLARATION.
In order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress of the 7th of June, 1832.
State, Territory, or District of  )
County of) ss.

On this ____ day of ____  personally appeared (a) before ____ A. B. a resident (b) of _____ in the county of ____ and State, Territory or District of _____ aged (c) ____ years, who being first duly sworn, according to law, doth on his oath make the
following declaration, in order to obtain the benefit of the provision made by the act of Congress, passed
June 7th, 1832. That he enlisted in the Army of the United States in the year (d) ____, with ___ and served in the ____ (e) regiment of the ____ line, under the following named officers: 

(Here set forth the names and rank of the Field and Company Officers; the time he left the service; (and if he served under
more than one term of enlistment, he must specify the particular period, and rank and names of his officers;) the
the town or county and State in which he resided when he entered the service; the battles, if any, in which he was engaged, and the country through which he marched [illegible]  This form is to be varied so as to apply to the cases of officers and persons who belonged to the militia, volunteers, navy, &c.]

He hereby relinquishes every claim (f) whatever to a pension or an annuity, except the present, and he
declares that his name is not on the Pension Roll of any Agency in any State, or (if any) only on that of
the Agency in the State of ______
Sworn to and subscribed the day and year aforesaid.   _______________________, A. B.

(And then will follow the certificate of the Court.)

And the said Court do hereby declare their opinion (g) that the above named applicant was a revolutionary
soldier, and served as he states.

I _______ of the Court of _____ do hereby certify (h) that the foregoing contains the original proceedings of the said Court in the matter of the application of _______ for a pension.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal of office (i) this _____
day of ______ &c. [and etcetera.] 

If, on examination of the proper record, the names of applicants, making such declaration, cannot be
found, they will produce such proof as the rule given in note (j) points out.

Every applicant who claims a pension by virtue of service in the State Troops, Volunteers or Militia,
except those who belonged to the New Hampshire Militia and State Troops of Virginia, will make and
subscribe a declaration similar to the foregoing, with the following additions, viz:

(k) We, A.B., a Clergyman, residing in the ______ and C. D. residing in (the same) 
hereby certify, that we are well acquainted with   _________, who has subscribed and sworn to the above declaration; that we believe him to be ____ years of age;  that he is reputed and believed, in the neighborhood where he resides, to have been a soldier of the Revolution, and that we concur in that opinion.

Sworn and subscribed the days and year aforesaid.
(And then will follow the certificate of the Court.)

And the said Court do hereby declare their opinion, after the investigation of the matter, and after
putting the interrogatories prescribed by the War Department, that the above named applicant was a Revolutionary
Soldier, and served as he states. And the Court further certifies, that it appears to them that A.B. and that C. D., who has also signed the same is a resident in the __________   and is a credible person, and that their statement is entitled to credit.

I, ______ Clerk of the Court of _______do hereby certify that the foregoing contains the original proceedings of the said Court, in the matter of the application of __________ for a pension.

In testimony whereof, I haver hereunto set my hand and seal of office, this ___ day of ____ &c. [and etcetera.]

Every applicant will produce the best proof in his power. This is the original discharge or commission; but if neither of these can be obtained, the party will so state under oath, and will then procure, if possible, the testimony of at least one credible witness, stating in detail his personal knowledge of the services of the applicant, and such circumstances connected therewith, as may have a tendency to throw light upon the transaction.

If such surviving witness cannot be found, the applicant will so state in his declaration, (l) and he will
also, whether he produce such evidence or not, proceed to relate all the material facts, which can be useful
in the investigation of his claim, and in the comparison of his narrative with the events of the period of his
Page 36

[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the long text blocks easier to read.] 

3

alleged service, as they are known at the Department. A very full account of the services of each person will be indispensable to a favorable action upon his case. The facts stated will afford one of the principal
means of corroborating the declaration of the applicant, if true, or of detecting the imposition, if one be attempted; and unless, therefore, these are amply and clearly set forth, no favorable decision can be expected.  All applicants will appear before some [same] Court of Record in the County in which they reside, and there subscribe and be sworn to, one of the declarations above provided, according to the nature of his
case.
The Court will propound the following (m) interrogatories to all applicants for a pension, on accoun [account] of
service in the Militia, State troops, or Volunteers, except the Militia of New Hampshire and the State
troops of Virginia.
1. Where and in what year were you born?
2. Have you any record of your age, and if so, where is it?
3. Where were you living when called into service; where have you lived since the Revolutionary war, and where do you now live?
4. How were you called into service; were you drafted, did you volunteer, or were you a substitute?
And if a substitute, for whom?
5. State the names of some of the Regular Officers, who were with the troops, where you served; such
Continental and Militia Regiments as you can recollect, and the general circumstances of your services.

6. (To a Soldier)
Did you ever receive a discharge from the service, and if so, by whom was it given
, and what has become of it?
(To an Officer.) Did you ever receive a commission, and if so, by whom was it signed, and what
office, has become of it?

7. State the names of persons to whom you are known in your present neighborhood, and who can testify
as to your character for veracity, and their belief of your services as a soldier of the Revolution.
The Court will see that the answers to these questions are embodied in the declaration, and they are
requested to annex their opinions of the truth of the statement of the applicant.

The applicant will further produce in Court, if the same can be done, in the opinion of the Court,
without too much expense and inconvenience to him, two respectable persons--one of whom should be
the nearest clergyman, if one lives in the immediate vicinity of such applicant, who can testify, from
their acquaintance with him, that they believe he is of the age he represents, and that he is reputed
and believed in the neighborhood to have been a Revolutionary soldier, and that they concur in that opinion.
If one of these persons is a Clergyman, the Court will so certify, and they will also certify to the character
and standing of other persons giving such certificates.

The traditionary evidence of service is deemed very important, in the absence of any direct
proof, except the declaration of the party. And the Courts are requested to be very particular in the
inquiry whether the belief is general, and whether any doubts have ever existed upon the subject.

Applicants unable to appear in Court, by reason of bodily infirmity, may make the declaration before
required, and submit to the examination, before a Judge or Justice of a Court of Record of the proper
county, and the Judge or Justice will execute the duties, which the Court is herein requested to perform,
and will also certify that the applicant cannot, from bodily infirmity, attend the Court.

Whenever any official act is required to be done by a Judge or Justice of a Court of Record,
or by a Justice of the Peace, the certificate of the Secretary of State or Territory, or of the proper
Clerk of the Court or County, under his seal of office, will be annexed, stating that such person is a
Judge or Justice of a Court of Record, or a Justice of the Peace, and that the signature annexed is
his genuine signature.

No payments can be male [made] on account of the services of any person, who may have died before
the taking effect of the act of June 7, 1832; and in case of dea_h [death] subsequent thereto, and before the
declaration herein required is made, the parties interested will transmit such evidence as they can procure, taken and authenticated before a Court of Record, showing the services of the deceased, the period
of his death, the opinion of the neighborhood respecting such services, the title of the claimant, and the
opinion of the Court upon the whole matter.
_____________________

(a) The declarant must appear in open Court, unless prevented from doing so by reason of bodily infirmity; in which case the declarant will follow the rule laid down for his guidance.
(b) The declarant must make his declaration in the county where he resides.  If he should fail to do so, he must assign a sufficient reason for not conforming to the rule.
(c) The age of the claimant must invariably be mentioned.
(d)  The declarant must mention the period or periods of the war when he served.

(e) Every continental officer or soldier must give the name of the Colonel under whom he served; otherwise a satisfactory examination of the claim cannot be had.  Every claimant must state, with precision, the length of his service, and the different grades in which he served, in language so definite as to enable the Department to determine to what amount of pension he is entitled.  In a case where the applicant cannot, by reason of the loss of memory, state precisely how long he served, he should amend his declaration by making an affidavit in the following words:
 
"Personally appeared before me, the undersigned, a Justice of the Peace, &c. A.B., who being duly sworn, deposeth and saith, that, by reason of old age, and the consequent loss of memory, he cannot swear positively as to the precise length of his service; but, according to the best of his recollection, he served not less than the periods mentioned below, and in the following grades:  ___ For ___ year ____ months, and ____ days, I served as a ___________.  For _____ months and ____ days I served as a ______; and for such service I claim a pension." 

It is important, in all cases, to determine with precision the period for which each applicant served, and the particular rank he held, as the law directs the pension to be paid according to the grade of the pensioner and the length of his service.  The use of the phrase about hree o [three or] four months, is too indefinite; and all such qualifying expressions are objectionable.  Some persons who apply for pensions merely state that they served two years in the militia, &c. [and etcetera] without specifying the tours, the names of the officers, and other particulars respecting their service.  This form of a declaration is highly objectionable.  It must, in every case, be clearly shown under what officers the applicant served; the duration of each term of engagement; the particular place or places where the service was performed; that the applicant served with an embodied corps called into service by competent authority; that he was either in the field or in garrison; and for the time during which the service was performed, he was not employed in any civil pursuit.

(f) The law makes the relinquishment indispensable.
(g) The opinion of the Court is always required.
(h) The Clerk must give his certificate in every case.
(i)  The Clerk must ffix [affix] his seal, and if it has no device or inscription by which it can be distinguished from any other seal, or if he has no public seal of office, the certificate of a Member of Congress, proving the official character and signature of the certifying officer, should accompany the papers.

Mode of authenticating papers.
In every instance where the certificate of the certifying officer who authenticates the papers is not written on the same sheet of paper which contains the affidavit, or other papers authenticated, the certificate must be attached thereto by a piece of tape or narrow ribbon, the ends of which must pass under the seal of office of the certifying officer, so as to prevent any paper from being improperly attached to the certificate.

Proof of Service.
(j) In a case where the name of the applicant is not found on the records of the Department, he must prove his service by two credible witnesses who are required to set forth in their affidavits the time of the claimant's entering the service,  and the time and manner of his leaving the same, as well as the regiment, company, and line to which he belonged.  The magistrate who may administer the oaths must certify to the credibility of the witnesses, and the official character and signature of the magistrate must be certified by the proper officer, under his seal of office. 

[Image of a pointing hand] The notes from (a) to (i) are all equally applicable to the cases of Militia men, Volunteers and State Troops.  The proof required by rule in note (j) applies to continental troops only.
(k) This traditionary evidence is indispensable in militia cases.
(l) If a witness cannot be found, the declarant must state the fact.
(m) The answers to the interrogatories must all be written, and sent to the War Department, with the declaration.
Page 37

Double
[Appearing perpendicularly:] Oct 30  W. Evans

FREE

[Illegible] J L Edwards, ["Esq" for Esquire is stricken through] 
Commer [Commissioner] of Pensions
Washington City

[Round postmark, with hard-to-read text showing unknown location, then:] Oct 19 Ia.
Page 38

[Illegible] State Bank of Indiana
[Two illegible words] Octo. [October] 18. 1837.

Sir
I enclose herewith for your instructions the Pension papers of William Banks who was paid last by [?] My Roll 4. Sep [September] 1836

Very truly
Yr. obt Svt [Your obedient Servant] 
[?] A B [or ? N B] Fontaine[,] Cashier

Hon. [Honorable] J. L. Edwards
Commr. [Commissioner] of Pensions
Washington City
Page 39

Breif [Brief] in the case of Elizabeth Banks, Wid: [Widow] of William, Putnam County and State of Indiana, act 3d. Feby. [February]1853.

Claim, ("original," [here, the phrase "or for increase.") is stricken through]
Proof exhibited, (if original.)

Is it documentary, traditionary, or supported by rolls?  If either, state the substance. 
Husband was pensioner under the Act of 7th June, 1832, at the rate of $30. [$30.00] per Anm [Annum.]  Marriage proven by the Original family record thereof.  Pensioner died 5th Sept: [September] 1838, as per the family record thereof, the affidavit of a credible witness report [or witness and report] of the [?] Heirs [?] Auditor. 

[Three nearly illegible words, possibly ?] The widow's identity is establish [or established] by the affidavits of A Credible Affiant & a Certificate of Court. 
(If for increase.)

Has additional evidence been filed since the admission of the claim? If so, what?
[Blank]

Messrs: [probably meaning Misters:] Matson and [?] Hanna,
Greencastle, Ind: [Indiana]
Name and residence of Agent 

[possibly ?] J C [?] Boyton
Examining Clerk.
Page 40

[Occasional spacing has been included, to make the text block easier to read.]

Thomas B. Florence and James E. Conant.)
Attorneys for the Collection of Claims upon the Government.)

Collection Office
FLORENCE & CONANT.
217 "F" Street.
Washington D.C. March 16th 1863.

Hon. [Honorable] J. H. Barrett
Comr. [Commissioner] of Pensions
Washingten [Washington] D.C.

Sir:
We are requested by Mrs. Elizabeth Banks widow of William Banks dec'd [deceased] who was a Sargeant [Sergeant] in the Revolutionary War and a pensioner[,] to enquire whether her application for an increase of Pension and back pay made in 1859 was granted.  She draws $30 per year at present payable at Indianapolis[,] Inda [Indiana] under Act of Feby [February] 3d 1853 recorded page 188 Vol A. 

Her claim for increase of Pension etc. was in the hands of L. B. True an Atty [Attorney] of this city, who sent her a power of Atty [Attorney] to execute stating the application was granted, Since which time nothing was ever heard from said Atty, [Attorney,] nor can he be found. By giving us the above information you will oblige[.]

Yours very Respy [Respectfully] 
Florence & Conant
Page 41

Payments to be made at Corydon by Thomas Posey[,] Agent for paying Pensioners, in the Agency of _ndiana [Indiana]

Recorded in the Pension Office, in Book E Vol. 7 Page [?] 405 [or 205 or 105] by Danl [Daniel] Boyd[,] Clerk.
Page 42

WAR DEPARTMENT.
REVOLUTIONARY CLAIM.

I certify that, in conformity with the law of the United States of the 7th June, 1832, William Banks of the State of Indiana who was a Sergeant in the Army of the Revolution[,] is entitled to receive Thirty dollars and _____ cents per annum, during his natural life, commencing on the 4th of March, 1831, and payable semi-annually on the 4th of March, and 4th of September, in every year.

Given at the War Office of the United States, this 29th day of October one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three[.]
Lew Cap
Secretary of War

Examined and Countersigned.]
J L Edwards
Commissioner of Pensions.
Page 43

[Faint, possibly] Pension off: [office:] 
May 21/55 [May 21, 1855]
[?] N Car [? North Carolina]. [?] 58

Sir: 
Please Certify the time to which the within named pensioner was pai_ [paid] or the date of his death.
Very Respectfully,
[?] J P [or L P or S P or I P] Waldo
Commissioner

[Perpendicularly:] William Banks paid to 4 Mar 1838
[? The following name is hard to read, but may be:] Robert A. Minser
Auditor

[At the bottom left corner, perpendicularly:]
Boynton

R. J. Atkinson. Esqr. [Esquire])
[Illegible] Auditor Treasury)
Page 44

Free

[Perpendicularly] Jan 8
Wm Evans

Free

Hon [Honorable] J L Edwards
Commr [Commissioner of Pensions]
Washington

[Postmark stamp]
TERRE HAUTE
DEC 28
IA
Page 45

[?] Off. [possibly meaning Office] State Bank of Indiana
Terre Haute Dec. 29, 1839. [or 1837 or 1831]

Sir
I enclose you William Banks' explanaties [explanations] why he made his Mark in his original declaration by which he obtained his pension and Now with his name

With much respect
Your obt [obedient] Servant 
[?] A. B. Fontaine

Hon [Honorable] J. L. Edwards
Commissioner of Pensions
Washington
Page 46

State of Indiana) Sct.
Putnam County) 

This day, before me Joseph F [or T] Farley a justice of the peace of the county aforesaid, personally Came William Banks, a Revolutionary pensioner of the United States, who being, by me [there is a small question mark underneath the word "me"] first duly sworn on his Oath, Says that the only reason why, that [here "he" is stricken through] in his Original declaration, by which he obtained his pension, he made his mark instead of writing his name[,] was that at the time of Signing Said Original paper, he had left his glasses or Spectacles at home, by forgetfulness, And further on his Oath says that without his Spectacles he is unable to See to write his name, And in such cases he is Compelled to make his mark And further saith not,
William Banks

Subscribed and Sworn to this 8th day of December AD 1837 before me Joseph F. Farley J.P [Justice of the Peace] 

I[,] Joseph F. Farley certify that I drew up William Banks.'s Original declaration for him under his directions And, that the foregoing Statement of William Banks in relation to his Making his mark to the same is true, And I further Certify that he is the Same identical individual mentioned in Said original declaration, Given under my hand this 8th day of Decr. [December] 1837

Joseph F. Farley
Page 47

La Belle, Mo.
Sept. 25, 1913

Pension Department,
Washington, D.C.

Sir: 
I am desireous [desirous] of knowing whether William Banks, born June 23, 1762, in Fauquier County. Virginia served in the War of the Revolution.  As I have it[,] he enlisted under Baron Steuben.

I also wish to know if [?] Rynir [or ? Ryan] Banks of the same ___cate ser^ved under Gen. Wash-_gton [Washington.]  If the records show either of these two men, will you kindly forward all the information relative thereto in enclosed envelope.

Very truly, 
Mrs. Jas. H. Wilson
Page 48

This Bureau can furnish the military record of only such Revolutionary soldiers as were pensioned or whose widows were pensioned for their services. 
Such of the original muster and pay rolls of the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812 as are now in the possession of the Government[,] are on file in the Record and Pension Office, War Department. Original rolls and other records pertaining to service in the Revolutionary War may also be found on file in the archives of many of the original States.

O. W. & N. DIV.
REVOLUTIONARY.

L. W. B.
W. 10376.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
BUREAU OF PENSIONS,
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
April 29, 1897.

Sir:

In response to your recent inquiry, referred to this Bureau by Hon. John M. Reynolds, Assistant Secretary of the Interior, I have the honor to advise you that William Banks, a soldier of the Revolutionary war , made an application for pension on October 22, 1832, at which time he was 72 years of age and residing in Putnam County, Indiana, and his pension was allowed for six months' actual service as a sergeant in the Virginia troops, Revolutionary war; a part of the time he served under
Capt.  [Captain] Pamplin and Col. [Colonel] Richardson. He enlisted in Amherst County, Va.

His widow, Elizabeth, made application and received a pension for
the service of her husband as above set forth.

Very respectfully,
[Blank]
Commissioner.

Mr. Herman Knapp, 
Ames, Iowa.
Page 49

[Near the top left corner, illegible]
Rev. [Revolutionary] War Section. 

October 4, 1913.

Mrs. James H. Wilson, 
La Belle, Mo. [Missouri]

Madam:  
In addition to the military record of William Banks, W. File No. 10,376, Rev. [Revolutionary] War, you are furnished the following family data from the papers on file.

Nancy Banks, born August 4, 1802, died January 22, 1827.
Frances Banks, " [born] June 16, 1805, died October -- 1806.
Mary Banks, " [born] February 15, 1807, died February 12, 1846.
Elizabeth Banks, " [born] February 6, [or 8], 1809.
Daniel P. Banks, " [born] September 30, 1810.
William S. Banks, " [born] February 2, 1814.
Emily A. Banks, " [born] December 19, 1815.
Almirium Banks, " [born] February 5, 1818, died September 4, 1847.
John Smith Banks, " [born] March 7, 1820.
Joseph R. Banks, " [born] July 15, 1823, died December 4, 1846.
Wesley J. Banks, " [born] July 28, 1825.

Emily A Banks Jr " [born] May 10, 1845.

William Banks and Elizabeth --- married December 10, 1801.
John Banks and Louisa --- married November 21, 1843.

Very respectfully,
G.M. Saltzgaber,
Commissioner.
Page 50

[Diagonally, near the top left corner] Rev [Revolutionary] 

Muncie, Inda. [Indiana]
May 13th 1909 
[Hard to read notation near top right corner, possibly:] War 

Pension Department
Washington, D.C.

Have you on your records, one William Banks, whom we think was a [here the following word is underlined] Pensioner from the Revolutionary War, being a member of Colonel Richardson's regiment and Captain Pamplin's company serving through the War, in one of the Virginia regiments.  Will you please search the War records of the Revolutio- [cut off word at document's edge, Revolution] and give me the desired information as I am very anxious to become a Daughter of the American Revolution, feeling I am elgible [eligible] to the same, as I am a descendant of the above, William Banks.

Thanking You in Advance, I am; 
Yours, Turly,
Mrs. Martin Wright
723 N. Jefferson [?] St [Street]
Page 51

P.S. - I am a granddaughter of this William Banks.

[Near the bottom of this record, there are two round postmarks. The first shows:]
No________ RECORD
May 17 19__ 

[The second postmark shows:]
U.S. PENSION OFFICE
D
MAY 15, 1909
Page 52

In reply to your request of _______, received ______ for a statement of the military history of William Banks a soldier of the REVOLUTIONARY WAR, you will find below the desired information as contained in his (or his widow's) application for pension on file in this Bureau.
W. File 10,376

[Chart categories:]
DATES OF ENLISTMENT OR APPOINTMENT. l  LENGTH OF SERVICE. l 
 RANK. l OFFICERS UNDER WHOM SERVICE WAS RENDERED  l  CAPTAIN  l  COLONEL. l  STATE.

Mch [March] [?] 1781 l 6 mos. [months] l  Sergt. [Sergeant] l [Under] Captain James Pamplain  [and] Colonel Richardson.  l  Va [Virginia.]

Battles engaged in, ____ [There is what looks like a small check mark on this blank line.]
Residence of soldier at enlistment, Amherst Co., Va [Amherst County, Virginia]
Date of application for pension, Oct. 22, 1832.
Residence at date of application, Putnam Co. Ind [Putnam County, Indiana]
Age at date of application, born June 23 [or 25] 1762 in Culpeper Co, Va [Culpeper County, Virginia] 

Remarks:  Sol. mar. [Soldier married in] Garrard Co., KY [Garrard County, Kentucky] Dec. 10, 1801 Elizabeth Brown
[?] b [? born] July 27, 1781
he died Sept [September] 6, [or 5]1839 in Putnam Co., Ind. [Putnam County, Indiana.] 
Witnesses [illegible phrase] Apl [April] 26, 1855, [?at] Putnam Co., Ind. [Putnam County, Indiana.] over
Page 53

Nancy Banks b. [born] Aug 4. 1802  d. [died] Jan. 22. 1827
Frances " [Banks] [born] June 16, 1805 " [died] Oct _ 1806
Mary " [Banks] born Feb 15, 1807 " [died] Feb. 12, 1846
Elizabeth " [Banks born] Feb. 8, 1809
Daniel P " [Banks born] Sept. 30, 1810
William S. " [Banks born] Feb. 2, 1814
Emily A. " [Banks born] Dec. 19, 1815
Almirium " [Banks born] Feby 5, 1818 d. [died] Sept 4, 1847
John Smith [Banks born] March 7, 1820
Joseph R [Banks born] July 15, 1823 d. [died] Dec. 4, 1846.
Wesley J. [Banks born] July 28, 1825

Emily A. [or H.] Banks Jun [Junior] b. [born] May 10, 1845

William Banks and Elizabeth ____ mar. [married] Dec. 10, 1801.
John Banks and Louisa ___ "  [married] Nov. 21, 1843.
Page 54

[NOTE:  This document has information about both pensioners William Allen, W. 25344, and William Banks, W. 10376.
 
August 27, 1934.

Mrs. Royston St. Noble
Montvale
Virginia.

BA-J/ILL
William Allen
W. 25344
[and] William Banks
W. 10376

Dear Madam: 
Reference is made to your letter in which you request the
Revolutionary War records of William Allen and William Banks, both
pensioners.
The records of these two soldiers are furnished herein as
found in the papers on file in pension claims, based upon service in
the Revolutionary War.

WILLIAM ALLEN - W. 25344

William Allen was born October 3, 1749, in that part of Albemarle
County, Virginia, which was later Amherst County, the names of
his parents were not stated.

While a resident of Amherst County, Virginia, he enlisted June
16, 1779, served as private in Captain Porter and Thomas Taylor's
company, Colonels contains and Francis Taylor's Virginia "Convention Guards",
and was discharged May 22, 1781, at Winchester, Virginia.

He was allowed pension on his application executed September 25,
1832, at which time he resided in Nelson County, a part of Amherst County,
Virginia.

The soldier died March 6, 1838, at Nelson Court House, Nelson
County, Virginia.

William Allen married December 16, 1807, Dolly --; [illegible typo] was his
second wife, her maiden name and the date and place of her birth are
not shown, nor the name of his first wife and date of that marriage.
Page 55

Dolly Allen, the widow of the soldier, William Allen, was allowed pension on her application executed May 31, 1854, in Kanawha County, Virginia; she was then of Putnam County, Virginia. In 1862, she was at Coals Mouth, Kanawha County, then West Virginia.

The names of the children of William Allen and his wife, Dolly, are shown as follow:
Barbara L. ... born December 14, 1808.
George W. ... " March 26, 1810.
Jesse J. .. " July 16, 1813.
William H. ... " June 14, 1816.
Landon C. ... " June 6, 1819.
Sally B. ... " May 9, 1822.
James M. ... " July 8, 1825.
Elizabeth M. .. " April 14, 1828.
Andrew Jackson " June 10, 1831.

Soldier's sons, William H. Allen and Landon C. Allen were with their mother in Kanawha County, Virginia, at the time she made application for pension. James M. Allen was a resident of that county in 1855.

In 1851, John Allen of Nelson County, Virginia, another son of the soldier (William Allen), was referred to, his age not shown.

In 1854, John Hansford was a Justice of the Peace for Kanawha County, Virginia; Alva Hansford and Victoria F. Hansford were there at that time. No relationship to the family was stated.

*********

WILLIAM BANKS - W. 10376.

William Banks was born June 3, 1761 or June 23, 1762, in Culpeper County, Virginia; the names of his parents were not stated.

While a resident of Amherst County, Virginia, he enlisted in the first part of March, 1781, and served six months as sergeant in Captain James

2.
Page 56

Pamplain's company, Colonel Richardson's Virginia regiment.

After his service in the Revolutionary War, William Banks resided most of the time in Kentucky, afterwards moved to Indiana.

The soldier was allowed pension on his application executed October 22, 1832, at which time he resided in Putnam County, Indiana.

He died September 5, 1839, in Putnam County, Indiana.

William Banks married December 10, 1801, in Garrard County, Kentucky, Elizabeth Brown; she was born July 27, 1781; the place of her birth and names of her parents are not shown.

Elizabeth Banks, soldier's widow, was allowed pension on her application executed April 26, 1855, at which time she resided in Putnam County, Indiana. She was living in 1863.

The following data are shown relative to the children of William Banks and his wife, Elizabeth:

Nancy Banks, born August 4, 1802, died January 22, 1827.
Frances " " June 16, 1806, " October -, 1806.
Mary " " February 15, 1807, " February 12, 1846.
Elizabeth " " February 8, 1809.
Daniel P. " " September 30, 1810.
William S. " " February 2, 1814.
Emily A. " " December 19, 1815.
Aladrim " " February 5, 1818, died September 4, 1847.
John Smith " " March 7, 1820.
Joseph R. " " July 15, 1823, died December 4, 1846.
Wesley J. " " July 28, 1825.
******
The following data are also of record:
John Banks and Louisa married November 21, 1843.
Emily A. Banks Jun. born May 10, 1845.
******
In 1855, soldier's sons, Daniel P. Banks and Wesley J. Banks were

3.
Page 57

residing in Putnam County, Indiana.

Very truly yours,

A. D. HILLER, 
Assistant to Administrator.


4.
Page 58

Greencastle, Ind. [Indiana]
Aug. 18, 1936

Veterans Administration
Rev. [Revolutionary] War Records Division
Washington, D.C.

[On the right upper portion of this document, there is a very faint round stamped impression appearing to show the document had been received, but it's mostly illegible.]

Gentlemen.
Please send me the revolutionary Services of [here the following named is underlined] William Shepherd - Private- Congress Regiment - Pensioned 1819. and services of [here there's a large check mark, and a notation "Send one only" with a small check mark under the word "one"] William [here the following surname is underlined] Banks, Private - Virginia Militia - pensioned 1831-

Thanking you for same, I am
Yours truly
Mrs. Charles H. Rector

To [the next word is underlined] me Oct [here the date is underlined] 15 [followed by the following, which is underlined] ILL
Page 59

[NOTE: The following Bounty Land Warrant Record Card concerns 100 acres issued Sept. 4, 1792, to Zachariah Banks, a private from the Massachusetts line, in Warrant Number 3761.] 

 
THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES
Form VAM-51
12 - 5 - 41
Division of Veterans' Administration Archives

BOUNTY LAND WARRANT RECORD CARD*

NAME[,] Banks, Zachariah 
GRADE[,] Private
LINE[,] Massachusetts

WARRANT NUMBER 3761
ACREAGE 100 [100 acres] 
ISSUED Sept. 4. 1792
to ___ not shown

The information concerning the issuance of warrants carded on this form is found in volumes 2 to 4 of ""Land Warrants Issued Prior to 1800"" which are registers of bounty land warrants issued to non-commissioned officers and privates under congressional resolutions of September 16, 1776, and subsequent
dates. Other records relative to the applications for warrants appear to have been destroyed in the War Department fire of November 9, 1800. Information concerning warrants surrendered to the Federal Government is to be found in General Land Office records in The National Archives.