Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty Land Warrant Application File S. 8,786, for Moses Kelley, Maryland
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(3-1776)

SERVICE                      NUMBER
Md.     Kelley, Moses     S.8.786

carded

CONTENTS
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+ Ohio 25234
+ Indiana [crossed out]

Moses Kelley of Clay Co in the state of Indiana who was a private in the com  commanded by Captain Marshall of the regt commanded by  Col Lux in the Virginia * line for 11 months.  

* Md. Line  Records corrected, Oct. 31, 1904
pp in Indiana to 4 Mar. '34

Inscribed in the Roll of Indiana at teh rate of 36 Dollars 66 Cents per annum, to commence on the 4th day of March, 1834.

Certificate of Pension affirmed the 14 day of Decr 1833 and Hon John Carle [illegible]

Arrears to the 4th of Sept 91.67
Semi-an. allowance ending 4 March 1833
$110.00
Revolutionary Claim, Act June 7, 1832.

Record by Dan Boyd Clerk, Book 6, Vol. 7  Page 118

in to Pensioner, & [illegible] 30th Augt. '34

Transferred to Ohio from 4th March 1834 - April 20th, '35

Order to pay May 6, 1837.
Let. 22nd July 1839
Hon. J. R. Poinsett
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No

Moses Kelley
Pension

Hon. John. Carr  H R

Direct communication to D. R. Eckels [crossed out] [illegible]
[crossed out, illegible]
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State of Indiana
Owen County

On this 17th day of October 1833 personally
came before the Owen Circuit Court now sitting for [illegible] a resident of Owen County and State of Indiana  aged eighty two [crossed out]  years the 27th day of February next
hereafter, who being first duly sworn in open Court, (the said Court being a Court of record) doth on his oath make the following declaration, in order to obtain the
benefit of the act of Congress passed June 7th 1832.

That he enlisted in the service of the United States in the year 1776 or 1777 being as this applicant believes in the month of April preceeding [preceding] the battle at Germantown that the recruiting officers name under whom he so enlisted was James Hamilton, that the Regiment was
of the Maryland line, number not recollected, that he enlisted as aforesaid in the company of Light Horse commanded by Captain Plunkel, that the company had three months to prepare themselves to perform and equip. that while equipping himself and training his horse, he was thrown from his horse and broke
his skull, and was not fit for service and unable to attend his duty as a soldier and that afterwards to writ in the July [crossed out] August  following he joined the army as a volunteer in the company under Captain Thomas Marshall, David Guess Lieutenant,  Henry Butler Ensign, that William Harvey was the Major who commanded said company Darby Lux Colonel, that said company belonged to the Maryland Regiment from Baltimore County hat they were march across the Susquehanna and at Peach Bottom ferry, from thence to Potts grove on the Schuylkill river where we tarried for a short time, and thence were marched to the main army under
Genrl. Washington, the he thinks the place where they joined the main army aforesaid was on a water course, the name of which was Perkiomy as this applicant thinks, that he continued with the main army till after the battle of Germantown in which engagement
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this applicant was that shortly after the battle aforesaid, the company was marched back to the town of Baltimore where the company was discharged that this applicant received a written discharge for his services during this tour, which was destroyed by the burning of his house in Grant County, Hinton, Ky
about 22 years since, and where he then
lived, that during the tour last aforesaid he served three months, applicant assisted in burying the dead after the battle at Germantown aforesaid, and was in New Jersey and Pennsylvania during said tour as aforesaid. And this affiant further states that the
spring following after the tour above mentioned

{the following crossed out]: five companies of war drafted to go to the head of [illegible] in the state of Maryland, the [illegible] in the state of the State of Pennsylvania from Baltimore from Baltimore County in the State of Maryland, the captain's name was
Richard Owens, [illegible] Owens, John C. , Owens Robt and then [end of crossed out section]

a company was drafted to go
to the head of Elk in Pennsylvania, to guard the
Place, and the captains name was William
Kelly, Lieutenants name was William Hudson. They were marched across the Susquehanna at Haverdegrass [Havre de Grace] a little town, in this company also he was a volunteer (not being subject to do military duly owing to the hurt received in training his horse as heretofore named) the company staid at the
head of Elk about three months when they returned home, and this applicant volunteered by the consent of the his captain aforesaid and remain at the aforesaid the fort, and as such volunteer till the last of October following, when he returned to the town of Baltimore. he thinks it was the first of November when he got to Baltimore where he returned his arms and received his discharge from an officer in the magazine whose name he does
Page 6

not now recollect.  that in this last tour he served between eight and nine months, that the last mentioned [illegible] discharge was also burnt the same time and place herein before mentioned, that he was born in
Baltimore County in the State of Maryland, that
he continued to live in said County near forty
years, when he removed to East Tennessee and
Washington County and lived about three years and moved to Washington County in the State of Virginia where he lived about 9 years, and from thence to Grant County in the State of Kentucky and from thence he moved to Indiana and has lived in
the Counties of Dearborn, Rippley [Ripley], Green and Marian for short periods till he moved to Owen County aforesaid, about a week since, that he is very frail & debilitated by reason of the hurt received from his horse as herein afore mentioned and his age, that he was in the service in all about thirteen months.

[crossed outl He hereby has knowledge [end of crossed out line]

He has no documentary evidence by which he can prove the services aforesaid
he has procured the affidavit of Joshua Kelly which herewith exhibited to the war department, and he hereby relinquishes every claim every claim whatever to any pension or annuity except the present and he declares that his name is not on the pension Roll of any agency in any state.

Moses Kelly  + his mark

Signed and sworn to
in open court this 18th day of October 1833
 G. C. Johnson  Clk. c+ c+
Page 7

We Joshua Kelly Senr. and John Kelly Junior (there being no Clergyman resident of the neighborhood with whom he is acquainted) residents of the County of Owen in the State of
Indiana hereby certify we are well acquainted with the said Moses Kelly who has subscribed and sworn to the above declaration that we believe him to be eighty years of age that he is reputed and believed in the neighborhood by all who know him to have been a soldier in the revolution and we concur in that opinion

Joshua Kelley Senr [illegible]
Joshua Kelly jr

Read signed and sworn to this 18th day of October 1833.
Test J. C. Johnson Clk


And the said Court does hereby declare their their opinion after the investigation of the matter and after putting the interrogatories prescribed by the war department, that the above named applicant was a revolutionary soldier and served as he states that the other persons who signed the above certificate and affidavit and entitled to credit as witnesses and that the affidavit of Joshua Kelly
hereto attached was duly made in open court and forms a part of these proceedings and that it appears to us that his statement is entitled to credit and of the age of eighty two
years as he states


Signed in open Court
this 18th October 1833

A. Kinney Prest Judge of the 7th judicial circuit
Wm Dunning Associate judge of Owen County

State of Indiana
Owen County

I Thomas C. Johnson Clerk of the Circuit
Court of this County in the State aforesaid do hereby certify that the above is the original proceedings of the court in the case
applications of Moses Killey [Kelly]. 

Given under my hand as Clerk of the court aforesaid with the seal of said Court at Office in Spencer this 18th day of October AD 1833.

T. C. Johnson Clk C.T+ C.+
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Owen Circuit Court October Term 1833
State of Indiana
Owen County Set.

Joshua Kelly aged eighty two being sworn in
open Court before and by the order of the Hon Amory Kinney President Judge of the seventh Judicial Circuit of Indiana and William Dunning Associate Judge of the County of Owen.
The Judges of the said Circuit Court aforesaid, it being
Court of Record upon his oath deposeth and saith that he is well acquainted with Moses Kelly who now resides in Owen County in the State of Indiana, that he became acquainted with said William [crossed out] Moses Kelly in the County of Baltimore in the State of Maryland when they were children, that as well as he can recollect the said Moses is aged about eighty years or thereabout. that he recollects of the said Moses Kelly volunteering in the service of the United States while he was yet a resident of the County and State last above mentioned this affiant thinks about the year one thousand seven hundred and seventy seven, that the captain of the company
in which the said Moses volunteered was by the name of Thomas Marshall, David Gess Lieutenant (brother of [illegible] Mordecai Gess.) Henry Butler ensign, that William Harvey was the Major who commanded said company,  Darby Lux was the Colonel, and that said Moses was gone from home about three , and this affiant was present at the City of Baltimore when the company aforesaid returned from the service aforesaid 
and seen the said Moses and that afterwards he conversed with the above named David Guess the Lieutenant aforesaid who told this affiant that said Moses served during said
Tour and was a good soldier, and this affiant further saith that some time after the above-mentioned services, this affiant thinks about nine months after the said William [Moses} again volunteered in the service aforesaid, in a company commanded by the Captain William Kelly a brother to this affiant. The rest of the officers names except the private and whose name was as those name was William [illegible] this affiant dont now recollect; and said last named company marched from Baltimore to go to the head of Elk [illegible] and was gone on this second [word crossed out] about three months when the said [word crossed out] Captain Kelly and  his company, returned in about three months after they left, and this affiant
the monies when he
Captain Kelly and his company returned in
three months after they left, and this affiant further saith that he was informed by his brother Captain William
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Kelly that the said Moses Kelly had served during said last mentioned tour of three months, and after the expiration of said term had again volunteered, in some other
company. the name of the officers or of which this affiant knows nothing of, and remained at the head of Elk as aforesaid.
And this affiant of further saith that prior to the afore said services as a volunteer, this affiant believes in the year seventeen hundred and seventy five or six the said Moses Kelly enlisted in the service of the United States
 under James Hamilton a recruiting officer
and that said Moses belonged to the company of Captain Plunket, that during the time of preparation for starting into actual service said Moses was thrown from a horse and by the fall his skull bone was fractured, so that he
was unable to perform any service, and was as this affiant was then informed and believes on account of said hurt and the inability occasioned thereby discharged [crossed out]  let off from the performance of the service last aforesaid and further this affiant saith not.

Joshua Kelley Snir

Test T. C Johnson Clk
State of Indiana
Owen County Sec

I Thomas C. Johnson Clerk of the circuit court of the county in the State aforesaid do hereby certify that after the above affidavit was read the said Joshua Kelley Snir. signed and duly sworn to the same in open court, and that this is the affixed writ referred by the judges of said court in their declaration of opinion to affixed to the pension application of Moses Kelly on this 18th day of October 1833. 

Given under my hand such clerk aforesaid with the seal of this said court at office in Spencer this 18th day of October 1833.

T. C. Johnson, Clk C+ C+
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APPLICATION FOR A TRANSFER.

County of Hamilton SS.

On this tenth day of April 1835, before me, the subscriber, a Justice of the Peace for the said County of Hamilton personally appeared Moses Kelly who, on his oath, declares that he is the same person of formerly belonged to the company commanded by Captain Thomas Marshall in the Regiment commanded by Colonel Darby Lucks [Lux] in the service of the United States; that his name was placed on the pension roll of the State of Indiana from whence he has lately removed; that he now resides in the state (District or Territory,) of Ohio where he intends to remain, and wished his pension to be there payable, in future. The following are his reasons for removing from the State of Indiana to the State of Ohio -- in Indiana he was comparatively a stranger and had no settled home--in Ohio he has a little home and is more acquainted

Moses Kelly   his mark X

Sworn and subscribed to, before me, the day and year aforesaid,
Joseph Burgoyne   [hand-drawn seal]
justice of the peace

The oath to be taken before a duly qualified Magistrates, whose official character and signature must be certified by the proper officer, under his seal of office. The county Clerk, Secretary of State, or some other officer,
must certify, under his seal of office, that the officer who administered the oath is a Justice of the Peace, Judge, Mayor, Alderman, or Notary Public, as the case may be, and that the signature purporting to be his is genuine.

The oath must be supported by the testimony of some respectable person, as to the Pensioner's identity. He must swear that the person who has taken the above oath is the person described in the affidavit. The Magistrate must certify that the witness is a person of veracity; and the affidavit must also be authenticated in the manner above directed.
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The State of Ohio
Hamilton County SS

Before me the undersigned is a justice of the peace in and for said county personally appeared George Fox to me person all known as a reputable man, a minister of the Gospel and a man of undoubted veracity who on his oath declared that the person who has sworn the above oath is the identical person described in the affidavit


George Fox


Sworn to and subscribed before me this 10th day of April 1835

Joseph Burgoyne    [hand-drawn seal]
justice of the peace

The State of Ohio
Hamilton County SS

William H. Harrison clerk of the court of Common Pleas within and for the county of aforesaid do hereby certify that Joseph Burgoyne is a justice of the peace in and for said county duly elected commissioned and qualified; his commission bears date from the first day of February A.D. 1834 and will expire on the first day of February A.D. 1837 and also that his signature above written is
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The State of Ohio
Hamilton County SS

Before me the undersigned is a justice of the peace in and from said county personally appeared George Fox  to me personally known as a reputable man, a minister of the gospel and a man of undoubted veracity who on his oath declared that this person who has taken the above oath is the identical person described in the affidavits

George Fox

Sworn to and subscribed before me this 10th day of April 1835

Joseph Burgoyne    [hand-drawn seal]
justice of the peace

The State of Ohio
Hamilton County

I William H Harrison clerk of the court of Common Pleas with and for the county aforesaid do hereby certify that Joseph Burgoyne is a justice of the peace in and for said county duly elected commissioned and qualified; his commission  bears date from the first day of February A.D. 1834 and will expire on the first day of February A.D. 1837 and also that his signature above written is genuine.

In testimony where of I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of our said court at Cincinnati this 10th day of April Anno Domini 1835

Wm H Harrison clk
by H S Rucker Dpy
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Cincinnati Apl 10 1825                
(Recd noted Apl 17)

J L Edwards Esq
Comm. of Pensions
City of Washington

Sir,
Moses Kelly, an aged soldier of the Revolution requests me to enclose to you the papers herewith sent, yours of instruction, he says, send along. It can do no harm and that you will have all before you.  He begs to thank you for your kind attention to him and hopes to realize it further, by a speedy reply to this.
Yours very respectfully, 
Elam P. Langdon
of the Post Office

Note:  He also begs that you deliver the enclosed letters to the President, which is, he says, connected with his pension.
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Apl. 17

[Illegible]

Honorable Lewis Cass Secretary
Pension Office


Cincinnati [stamp]
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No 172.23
Moses Kelly
Indiana

from 1777 private 11 months 
for 36 66/100

Hon. John Carr
N R
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WAR DEPARTMENT,
Pension Office

Sir:

The evidence in support of your claim, under the act of June 7, 1832, has been examined, and the papers are herewith returned. The following is a statement of our case in tabular form.  On comparing these papers with the following rules, and the subjoined notes, you will readily perceive that objections exist, which must be removed, before a pension can be allowed. The notes and the regulations will show what is necessary to be done. These points to which your attention is more particularly directed, you will find marked in the margin with a brace (thus: } ). You will, when you return your papers to the Department, send this printed letter with them; and you will, by compiling  with this request, greatly facilitate the investigation of your claim.


A Statement, showing the Service of Moses Kelly

Period when the service was rendered
1777    Months: 3   Days: 
1778    Months: 8   Days:

Rank of the claimant.  Priv.


Names and rank of the Field officers under whom he served.
Cap Marshall
Col  Lux

Age at present, and place of abode when e entered the service.

Proof by which the declaration is supported.
Traditionary and witnesses

Jesse McIntire's official character and signature as Clerk of Clay County Court not authenticated. See note i.

I am, respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
James JAMES L. EDWARDS,
Commissioner of Pensions.
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REGULATIONS UNDER THE ACT OF JUNE 7, 1832. 
The following regulations have been adopted: 
This law has been construed to extend, as well to the line, as to every branch of the Staff of the Army, and to include under the terms "Continental Line," "State troops," "militia" and "volunteers, all persons enlisted, drafted, or who volunteered and who were bound to military service, but not those who were occasionally employed with the army upon civil contracts, such as Clerks to Commissaries and to Store Keepers, &c., Teamsters, Boatmen, &c. Persons who served on board of private armed vessels are also excluded from the benefits of the law, as well as persons who turned out as patrols, or were engaged in guarding particular places at night, and were not recognized as being in actual military service. 

Four general classes of cases are embraced in this law: 
1.	The Regular Troops. 
2.	 The State Troops, Militia, and Volunteers.  
3.	Persons employed in the Naval Service.   
4.	Indian Spies. 

As rolls of the regular troops in the Revolutionary War exist in this Department, all persons claiming the benefit of this law as officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians or privates, will, in the first instance, make application by transmitting the following declaration, which will be made before a Court of Record of the County where such applicant resides. And every Court having by law a seal and Clerk is considered a Court of Record. 

DECLARATION. 
In order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress of the 7th of June, 1832. 
State, Territory, or District of } ss. 

On this ___ day of ___  personally appeared  (a) before  A. B. a resident (b) of ___ in the county of ___ and State, Territory or District  of ___  aged (c) ___ years, who being first duly sworn, according to law, doth on his oath make the following declaration, in order to obtain the benefit of the provision made by the act of Congress, passed June 7th, 1832. That he enlisted in the Army of the United States in the year (d) ___,  served in the ___ (e) regiment of the ___ line, under the following named officers: 

Here set forth the names and rank of the Field and Company Officers; the time he left the service; (and if he served under more than one term of enlistment, he must specify the particular period, and rank and names of his officers;) the town or county and State in which he resided when he entered the service; the battles, if any, in which he was engaged, and the country through which he marched. This form is to be varied so as to apply to the cases of officers and persons who belonged to the militia, volunteers, navy, &c.] 

He hereby relinquishes every claim (f) whatever to a pension or an annuity, except the present, and he declares that his name is not on the Pension Roll of any Agency in any State, or (if any) only on that of the Agency in the State of ___
Sworn to and subscribed the day and year aforesaid. A. B. 
And then will follow the certificate of the Court. 
And the said Court do hereby declare their opinion (g) that the above named applicant was a revolutionary soldier, and served as he states. 

I ____ of the Court of ___ do   hereby certify (h) that the foregoing contains the original proceedings of the said Court in the matter of the application of ___  for a pension.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal of office (i) this day of ___ &c. 
If, on examination of the proper record, the names of applicants, making such declaration, cannot be found, they will produce such proof as the rule given in note (j) points out. Every applicant who claims a pension by virtue of service in the State Troops, Volunteers or Militia, except those who belonged to the New Hampshire Militia and State Troops of Virginia, will make and subscribe a declaration similar to the foregoing with the following additions, viz: 
(k) We, A. B., a Clergyman, residing  in the ___  and C. D. residing in (the same) hereby certify, that we are well acquainted with ___ , who subscribed and sworn to the above declaration; that we believe him to be ___  who has ___ years of age; that he is reputed and believed, in the neighborhood where he resides, to have been a soldier of the Revolution, and that we concur in that opinion. 
Sworn and subscribed the days and year aforesaid. And then will follow the certificate of the Court. 
And the said Court do hereby declare their opinion, after the investigation of the matter, and after putting the interrogatories prescribed by the War Department, that the above named applicant was a Revolutionary Soldier, and served as he states. And the Court further certifies, that it appears to them that A. B. who has signed the preceding certificate is a clergyman, resident in the ___ and that C. D., who has also signed the same is a resident in the ___ and is a credible person, and that their statement is entitled to credit. 

I, ___ Clerk of the Court of ___ do hereby certify that the foregoing contains the original proceedings of the said Court, in the matter of the application of ___ for a pension. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal of office, this ___ day of ___ &c. 

Every applicant will produce the best proof in his power. This is the original discharge or commission; but if neither of these can be obtained,  the party will so state under oath, and will then procure, if possible, the testimony of at least one credible witness, stating in detail his personal knowledge of the services of the applicant, and such circumstances connected therewith, as may have a tendency to throw light upon the transaction. 

If such surviving witness cannot be found, the applicant will so state in his declaration, (l) and he will twill also, whether he produce such evidence or not, proceed to relate all the material facts, which can be useful in the investigation of his claim, and in the comparison of his narrative with the events of the period of his
Page 18

3

alleged service, as they are known at the Department. A very full account of the services of each person will be indispensable to a favorable action upon his case. The facts stated will afford one of the principal means of corroborating the declaration of the applicant, if true, or of detecting the imposition, if one be attempted; and unless, therefore, these are amply and clearly set forth, no favorable decision can be expected. All applicants will appear before some Court of Record in the County in which they reside, and
there subscribe and be sworn to, one of the declarations above provided, according to the nature of his
case..

The Court will propound the following (m) interrogatories to all applicants for a pension, on account of service in the Militia, State troops, or Volunteers, except the Militia of New Hampshire and the State troops of Virginia.

1. Where and in what year were you born?
2. Have you any record of your age, and if so, where is it?
3. Where were you living when called into service; where have you lived since the Revolutionary war , and where do you now live?
4. How were you called into service; were you drafted, did you volunteer, or were you a substitute?
And if a substitute, for whom?
5. State the names of some of the Regular Officers, who were with the troops, where you served; such Continental and Militia Regiments as you can recollect, and the general circumstances of your services,
6. To a Soldier, Did you ever receive a discharge from the service, and if so, by whom was it given, and what has become of it?
To an Office, Did you ever receive a commission, and if so, by whom was it signed, and what Office has become of it?
7. State the names of persons to whom you are known in your present neighborhood, and who can testify as to your character for veracity, and their belief of your services as a soldier of the Revolution.

The Court will see that the answers to these questions are embodied in the declaration, and they are requested to annex their opinions of the truth of the statement of the applicant.
The applicant will further produce in Court, if the same can be done, in the opinion of the Court, without too much expense and inconvenience to him, two respectable persons--one of whom should be
the nearest clergyman, if one lives in the immediate vicinity of such applicant, who can testify, from their acquaintance with him, that they believe he is of the age he represents, and that he is reputed and believed in the neighborhood to have been a Revolutionary soldier, and that they concur in that opinion.
If one of these persons is a Clergyman, the Court will so certify, and they will also certify to the character and standing of other persons giving such certificates.

The traditionary evidence of service is deemed very important, in the absence of any direct
proof, except the declaration of the party. And the Courts are requested to be very particular in the inquiry whether the belief is general, and whether any doubts have ever existed upon the subject.

Applicants unable to appear in Court, by reason of bodily infirmity, may make the declaration before required, and submit to the examination, before a Judge or Justice of a Court of Record of the proper county, and the Judge or Justice will execute the duties, which the Court is herein requested to perform,
and will also certify that the applicant cannot, from bodily infirmity, attend the Court.

Whenever any official act is required to be done by a Judge or Justice of a Court of Record, or by a Justice of the Peace, the certificate of the Secretary of State or Territory, or of the proper Clerk of the Court or County, under his seal of office, will be annexed, stating that such person is a Judge or Justice of a Court of Record, or a Justice of the Peace, and that the signature annexed is his genuine signature.

No payments can be made on account of the services of any person, who may have died before the taking effect of the act of June 7, 1832; and in case of death subsequent thereto, and before the declaration herein required is made, the parties interested will transmit such evidence as they can procure, taken and authenticated before a Court of Record, showing the services of the deceased, the period of his death, the opinion of the neighborhood respecting such services, the title of the claimant, and the opinion of the Court upon the whole matter.

(a) The declarant must appear in open Court, unless prevented from doing so by reason of bodily infirmity; in which case the declarant will follow the rule laid down for his guidance.
(b) The declarant must make his declaration in the county where he resides. If he should fail to do so, he must assign a sufficient reason for not conforming to the rule.
(c) The age of the claimant must invariably be mentioned.
(d) The declarant must mention the period or periods of the war when se served.
(e) Every continental officer or soldier must give the name of the Colonel under whom he served; otherwise a satisfactory examination of the claim cannot be had. Every claimant must state, with precision, the length of his service, and the different grades in which  he served, in language so definite as to enable the Department to determine to what amount of pension here entitled. In a case where the applicant cannot, by reason of the loss of memory, state precisely how long he served, he should amend his declaration by making an affidavit in the following words:

"Personally appeared before me, the undersigned, a Justice of the Peace, &c. A. B. who, being duly sworn, deposeth and saith, that, by reason of old age, and the consequent loss of memory, he cannot swear positively as to the precise length of his service; but, according to the best of his recollection, he served not less than the periods mentioned below, and in the following grades:
For  ___ year ___  months and ___ days, I served as a ____ ; and for such service I claim a pension."


It is important, in all cases, to determine with precision the period for which each applicant served, and the particular rank he held, as the law directs the pension to be paid according to the grade  of the pensioner and the length of his service. The use of the phrase about three or four months, is too indefinite, and all such qualifying expressions are objectionable.
Some persons who apply for pensions merely state that they served two years in the militia, &c. without specifying the tours, the names of the officers, and other particulars respecting their service. This form of a declaration is
purifying the tours, the names of the officers, and other particulars respecting their service. This form of a declaration is highly objectionable. It must, in every case, be clearly shown under what officers the applicant served; the duration of each term of engagement; the particular place or places where the service was performed; that the applicant served with an embodied corps called into service by competent
authority; that he was either in the field or in garrison; and for the time during which the service was performed, he was not employed in any civil pursuit.

(f) The law makes the relinquishment indispensable.
(g) The opinion of the Court is always required.
(h) The Clerk must give his certificate in every case.
(i) The Clerk must affix his seal, and if it has no device or inscription by which it can be distinguished from any other seal, or if he has no public seal of office, the certificate of a Member of Congress, proving the official character and signature of the certifying officer, should accompany the papers.

Mode of authenticating papers.
In every instance where the certificate of the certifying officer who authenticates the papers is not written on the same sheet of paper which contains the affidavit, or other papers authenticated, the certificate must be attached thereto by a piece of tape or narrow ribbon, the ends of which must pass under the seal of office of the certifying officer, so as to prevent any paper from being improperly attached to the certificate.

Proof of Service.
(j) In a case where the name of the applicant is not found on the records of the Department, he must prove his service by two credible witnesses who are required to set forth in their affidavits the time of the claimant's entering the service, and the time and manner of his leaving the same, as well as the regiment, company, and line to which he belonged. The magistrate who may administer the oaths must certify to the credibility of the witnesses, and the official character and signature of the magistrate must be certified by the proper officer, under his seal of office.
The notes from (1) to (i) are all equally applicable to the cases of Militia men, Volunteers and State Troops. The proof required by rule in note (j) applies to continental troops only.
(k) This traditionary evidence is indispensable in militia cases.
(l) If a witness cannot be found, the declarant must state the fact.
(m) The answers to the interrogatories must all be written, and sent to the War Department, with the declaration.
Page 19

ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.
Published by A. B. Claxton & Co. at $5 a year, payable in advance.

Vol. VIII -- No. 15. WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 1839. Whole No. 223

MISCELLANY.
From the London Times
AMERICAN MARINE,
A CHAPTER FROM THE FORTHCOMING WORK OF CAPTAIN MARRYAT ON AMERICA.

It may be inferred that I naturally directed my attention to every thing connected with the American marine, and circumstances eventually induced me to search much more minutely into particulars than at first I had intended to do.
The present force of the American navy is rated as follows:

Ships of the Line
Of 120 guns, 1
       80 guns, 7
        74 guns, 8
Total,  11

Frigates, (1st class.)
Of 54 guns, 1
     44 guns, 14
Total, 15

Frigates, (2d class.)
Of 36 guns, 2

Sloops.
Of 20 guns, 12
     18 guns, 3
Total, 15

Schooners.
Of 10 guns, 6
Others, 7
Total, 13
Grand total, 56

The ratings of these vessels will, however, very much mislead people as to the real strength of the armament. the 74's and 80's are in weight of broadside equal to most three decked ships; the first class frigates are double banked, of the scantling, and carrying the complement of men, of our 74''s. The sloops are equally powerful in proportion to their ratings, most of them carrying long guns. Although flush vessels, they are little inferior to a.35 gun frigate in scantling, and are much too powerful for any that we have in our service, under the same denomination of rating.

It is impossible not to be struck with the beautiful architecture in most of these vessels. The Pennsylvania, rated 120 guns, on four decks, carrying 146, is not by any means so perfect as some of the line of battle ships. The Ohio is, as far as I am a judge, the perfection of a ship of the line. But in every class you cannot but admire the superiority of the models and workmanship. The dock yards in America are small, and not equal to what they may eventually require. They certainly do not require such establishments or such store houses as we have, as their timber and hemp are at hand when required; but they are very deficient both in dry and wet docks. Properly speaking, they have no great naval depot. This arises from the jealous feeling existing between the several States. A bill brought into Congress to expend so many thousand dollars upon the dockyard at Boston, in Massachusetts, would be immediately opposed by the State of New York, and an amendment proposed to transfer the works intended to their dockyard at Brooklyn. The Other States who possess dockyards would also assert their right, and thus they will fight for their respective establishments until the bill is lost, and the bone of contention falls to the ground. 

It is remarkable that along the whole of the eastern coast of America, from Halifax, in Nova Scotia, down to Pensacola, in the Gulf of Mexico, there is not one good open harbor. The majority of the American harbors are barred at the entrance, so as to preclude a fleet running out an din to manoeuvre at pleasure; indeed, if the tide does not serve, there are few of them in which a line of battle ship, hard pressed, could take refuge. A good spacious harbor, easy of access, like that of Halifax, in Nova Scotia, is one of the few, perhaps the only, natural advantage wanting in the United States.

[Here follows an epitome of the American navy list, with the rates of pay.]

It will be perceived by the above list, how very much better all classes in the American service are paid in comparison with those in our service. But let it not be supposed that this liberality is a matter of choice on the part of the American Government; on the contrary, it is one of necessity. There never was, nor ever will be, any thing like liberality under a democratic form of government. The navy is a favorite source, it is true, but the officers of the American navy have not once cent more than they are entitled to, or absolutely require. In a country like America, where any one by industry and application may become an independent, if not a wealthy man, in a few years it would be impossible for the Government to procure officers if they were not tolerably paid--not parents would permit their children to enter the service, unless there were enabled to keep up a respectable appearance by their allowances; an din America every thing, from the annuitant, or person not making money, and living upon his income, is much dearer than with us. The Government, therefore, are obliged to pay them, or young men would not embark in the profession; for it is not in America as it is with us, every department filled up, and no room for those to obtain respectable employment emolument becomes a secondary consideration. It may, however, be worth while to put in juxtaposition the sums paid to officers of respective ranks in the two navies of England and America.

Officers.                          America,   Eng'd                          [pounds]

Half-pay Post Captains, senior on leave, corresponding to Commodore or Rear Admiral in England,     730   456
Post Captains off duty, (that is, duty on shore,) 730
On leave,   525   191
Commanders, off sea duty,   440
In yards, and on leave,   380   155
Lieutenants--shore duty,   315
Waiting orders, or on leave   250  90
Passed midshipmen--full pay,  156  25
Half pay,  125   0
Midshipmen--full pay   83   25
Half pay,   63   0

My object in making the comparison between the two services is not with an insidious feeling. More expensive as America certainly is, still the disproportion is such as must create surprise; and if it requires such a sum (or an American officer to support himself in a creditable and gentlemanlike manner, what can be expected from the English officer with his miserable pittance, which is totally inadequate for his rank and station? Not withstanding which our officers do keep up their appearance as gentlemen, and those who have no half pay support themselves; and I point this out, that when Mr. Hume or other gentlemen clamor against the expense of our naval force, they may not be ignorant of one fact, which is, that not only on half pay, but
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226 ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE. 

when on active service, one half at least of the expenses necessarily incurred by our officers to support themselves according to their rank, and to entertain and keep their ships in proper order, is, three lives out of four, paid out of their own pockets, or those of their relatives, and that without constraint, as long as they are not checked in their legitimate claims to promotion. 
   During my sojourn in the United States I became acquainted with a large portion of the senior officers of the American navy, and i found them gifted, gentlemenlike, and liberal.   With them I could converse freely upon all points relative to the last war, and always found them ready to admin all that could be expected.  The American naval officers certainly form a strong contract with the majority of their countrymen, and proved by their enlightened and liberal ideas how much the Americans in general would be improved if they had had the same means of comparison with other countries which the naval officers by their profession have obtained.  Their partial success during the late war were often the theme of discourse, and conducted with candour and frankness on both sides.  No unpleasant feelin was ever raised by any argument with them on the subject, while the question raised among their "free and enlightened"  brother citizens, who knew nothing of the matter, was certain to bring down upon me such a torrent of bombast, falsehood and ignorance, as required all my philosophy to put up with, with apparent indifference.  But I must now take my leave of the American navy to refer to their merchant marine. 
   Before I went to the United States, I was aware that a large portion of our seamen were in their employ. I knew that the whole like of packets, which is very extensive, was manned by British seamen, but it was not until I arrived in the States that I discovered the real state of the case. 
   During my occasional residence at New York, I was surprised to find myself so constantly called upon by English seamen who had served under me in the different ships I had commended since the peace.  Every day seven or eight would call upon me, touch their hats, and remind me in what ships and in what capacity they had done their duty. I had frequent conversations with them, and found out that their own expression, "We are all here, sir," was strictly true.  To the why and the wherefore, the answer was invariably the same": "18 dollars a month, sir."   Some of them, I recollect, told me that they were going down to New Orleans, because the sickly season was coming on, and during the time that the yellow fever raged they had always had a great advanced of wages, sometimes as high as 30 dollars per month.  I did not attempt to dissuade them: they were just as right to risk their lives from contagion at 30 dollars a month, as to stand and be fired at at 1s. a day.  The circumstance of so many of my own men being in American ships, and their assertion that there were no other sailors than English in New York, induced me to enter very minutely into my investigation, of which the following are the results. 
   The United States, correctly speaking, have no common seamen, or seamen bred up as apprentices before the mast; indeed, a little reflection will point out how unlikely it is that she ever should have, or should have had; for who would submit to such a dog's life at the best, or what parent would consent that his children should wear out an existence of hardship and dependence, when they can so easily render them independent on shore?  The same period of time requisite for a man to learn his duty as an able seaman, and be qualified for the pittance of 18 dollars a month, would be sufficient to establish a young man as an independent or even wealth landowner, factor, or merchant on shore.  That there are classes in America who do go to sea is certain, and who and what these are I shall hereafter point out; but it may be positively asserted that, unless by escaping from his parents at an early age, and before his education is complete, he becomes, as it were, lost, there is not instance of a white boy being sent to sea to be brought up as a foremast man in the United States of America. 
   The whole amount of tonnage of the American mercantile marine may be taken in round numbers at 2,000,000 tons, which may be subdivided as follows: 
REGISTERED.
Foreign trade, 700,000 tons
Whale fishery,  130,000 tons
ENROLLED.
Coasting trade, 920,000 tons
Steam, 150,000 tons
Coast fisheries, 100, 000 tons
Total, 2,000,000 tons
   The American merchant vessels are generally sailed with fewer men than the British. We calculate five men to 100 tons, which I believe to be about the truth.  Mr. Carey, in his work, estimates the proportion of seamen in American vessels to be four and one third to every 100 tones, and I shall assume his calculation is correct.  The number of men employed in the American mercantile navy will then be as follows.
Foreign trade, 30,333 men
Whale fishery, 5,633 men
Coasting trade, 39,000 men
Steam, 6,500 men
Coast Fisheries, 4,333 men
85, 799 men
And now I will submit, from the examinations I have made, the proportions of American and British seamen which are contained in this aggregate of 85,799 men. 
   In the foreign trade, we have to deduct the masters of the ships; the mates, and the boys who are apprenticed to learn their duty and rise to mates, and their masters, not to serve before the mast. These I estimate at - 
Masters, 1,500
Mates, 3,000
Apprentices, 1,500
   Do. colored men, as cooks, stewards, &c. 2,000
8,000
Which, deducted from 30,333, will leave 22,333 seamen in the foreign trade, who with a slight intermixture of Swedes, Danes, and more rarely Americans, may all be asserted to be British seamen. 
   The next item is that of the men employed in the whale fishery, and, as near as I can ascertain the fact, the proportions are two thirds Americans to one-third English. The total is 5,633, out of which 3,756 are Americans, and 1,877 British seamen. 
   The coasting trade employs 39,000 men; but a small proportion of them can be considered as seamen, as it embrace - all the internal river navigation. 
   The steam navigation employs 6,500 men, of whom, or course, not one in ten is a seamen.  I shall refer to them hereafter. 
   The fisheries for cod and herring employ about 4,333 men; they are a mixture of American, Nova Scotians, and British; but the proportions cannot be ascertained; it is supposed that about one-half are British subjects, i.e, 2,166.
   As my subsequent remarks will prove, I do not think that I am at all overrating when I estimate that the Americans employ at least 30,000 of our seamen in their service. The questions which are now to be considered, are the nature of the various
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branches in which the seamen employed in the American marine are engaged, how far they will be available to America in case of war.  The coasting trade is chiefly composed of sloops manned by two or three men and boys.  The captain is invariably part if not whole owner of the vessel, and those employed are generally his sons, who work for their father, or some emigrant Irishmen, who after a few months, were fully equal to this sort of fresh water sailing.  From the coasting trade, therefore America would gain no assistance.   Indeed, the majority of the coasting trade is so confined to the interior, that it would not receive much check from a war with a foreign country. 
   The coast fisheries might afford a few seamen- but very few, certainly not the men required to man her ships of war.  As in the coasting trade, they are mostly owners of partners.  In the whale fishery much of the same system prevails; it is a speculation, and the men embark stipulating for such a proportion of the fish caught as their share of the profits; they are generally well to do, connected together, and are the least likely of all to volunteer on board of the American navy.  They would speculate in privateers if they did any thing. 
   From steam navigation, of course, no seamen can be obtained. 
   Now, as all service is voluntary, it is evident that the only chance that America has of manning her navy is from the 30,000 British seamen in her employ, the other branches of navigation either not producing seamen, or those employed in them being too independent in situation to serve as foremast men.  When I was at the different seaports I made repeated inquiries as to the fact if ever a lad was sent to sea as a foremast man, and I never could ascertain that it ever was the case.  These who are sent as apprentices, are learning their duty to receive the rating of mates, and ultimately fulfil the office of captains; and it may be here remarked, that many Americans, after serving as captain for a few years, return on shore, and become opulent merchants - the knowledge which they have gained during their maritime career proving of the greatest advantage to them.  There are a number of free black and colored lads, who are sent to sea, and who eventually serve as stewards and cooks; but it will be observed, that these master's mates are not people who will enter before the mast and submit to the rigorous discipline of a Government vessel, and the cooks and stewards are not seamen; so the whole dependence of the American navy, in case of war, is upon the British seamen who are employed in her foreign trade and whale fisheries, and in her men of war, in commission during the peace. 
    If America brings up non of her people to a seafaring life before the mast, now that her population is upwards of 13,000,000, still less likely was she to have done it when her population was less, and the openings to wealth by other channels were even greater, from whence it may be fairly inferred -- 
   That during our continued struggle with France, when America had the carrying trade in her hands, that her vessels were chiefly manned by British seamen.
  That when the war broke out between the two countries, the same British seamen who were in her employ manned her ships of war and privateers. 
   It may be surmised that British seamen would refuse to be employed against their country.  Some might; but there is no character so devoid of all principle as the British sailor and soldier.  In Dibdin's songs, we certainly have another version, "True to his country and King." &c., but I am afraid that they do not deserve it; soldiers and sailors are mercenaries; they risk their lives for money - it is their trade, and if they can get higher wages, they never consider the justice of the cause or whom they fight for.   Now America is a country particularly favorable for those who have little conscience or reflection; they speak the same language, the wages are much higher, spirits are much cheaper, and the fear of detection or punishment is trifling; nay, there is none; for in five minutes a British seamen may be made a bona fide American citizen, and of course an American seamen, and it is not surprising, after sailing for years out of the American ports in American vessels, that the men, in case of war, should take the oath and serve.  It is necessary for any one wanting to become an American citizen that he should give notice of his intention; this notice gives him, as soon as he has signed, all rights of an American citizen, excepting that of voting at elections, which requires a longer time, as specified in each State.  The declaration is as follows:
   "That it is his bona fide intention to become a citizen of the United States, and to renounce for ever all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign power, potentate, state, or sovereignty whatever, and particularly to Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to whom he is now a subject."
   Having signed this document, and it being publicly registered, he becomes a citizen, and may be sworn to as such by any captain or merchant vessel or man of way, if it so required. 
   Now there are two points ascertained from the above remarks. 
   1. That America always has obtained, and for a long period to come will obtain, her seamen altogether from Great Britain. 
   2. That the seamen can be naturalized immediately, and become American seamen by law. 
   To which we may add - 
   That under present circumstances, England is under the necessity of raising seamen not only for her own navy, but also for the Americans; and that in proportion is the commerce and shipping of America shall increase, so will the demand upon us become more numerous; and that should we fail in producing the number of seamen necessary for both services, the Americans will always be full manned, and any defalcation must fall upon ourselves. 
   And it may be added, that in all cases the Americans have the choice and refusal of our men; and, therefore, they have invariably all the prime and best seamen which we have raised.
   The cause of this is simple and well known : it is the difference between the wages paid in the merchant vessels of the two nations: 
American ships per month, [pound symbol] 3  10
British ships,                do                    2    2  to 2   10
American men of war,                         2   0
British men of war,                               1   14
   It will be observed that in the American men of war, the able seamen's pay is only [pound symbol] 2; the consequence is, that they remain for months in port without being able to obtain men. 
    But we must pass by this cause, and now look to the cause of the cause, or, in other words, how is it that the Americans are able to give such high wages to our seamen as to select any number of our best men for their service; and how it is that they can compete with, and even underbid, our merchant vessels in freight, at the same time that they sail them at a greater expense. 
   This has been occasioned partly from circumstances and partly from a series of mismanagement on our part, and partly from the fear of impressment; but the principal cause may be ascribed to the former peculiar unscientific mode of calculating the tonnage of our vessels, the error of which system induced the merchants to build their ships so as to evade the heavy channel and river duties, and thus all the first principles of naval architecture were disregarded, and the sailing properties of vessels considered of no consequence. 
.
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The fact is, that we have overtaxed our shipping to carry as much freight as possible, and at the same time to pay as few of the onerous duties. Our mercantile shipping generally assume more of the form of floating boxes of merchandize than sailing vessels, and by the false method of measuring the tonnage, they were enabled to carry 600 tons, when by measurement they were only taxed as being of the burden of 400 tons; but every increase of tonnage thus surreptitiously obtained, was accompanied with a decrease in the sailing properties of the vessels. Circumstances, however, rendered this of less importance during the war, as few vessels ran without the protection of a convoy, and it must be also observed, that vessel being employed in one trade only, such as the West India, Canada, Mediterranean, &c. then voyages  during the year were limited, and they were, for a certain portion of the year, unemployed.

During the war, the fear of impressment was certainly a strong inducement for our seamen to enter into the American vessels, and naturalize themselves as American subjects; but they were also stimulated, even at that period, by higher wags, as they are now that the fear of impressment no longer operates upon them.

It appears, then, that from various causes, our merchant vessels have just their sailing properties, while the Americans are the fastest sailors in the world; and it is for that reason, and no other, that, although sailing at a much greater expense, the Americans can afford to outbid us, and take all our best seamen.

An American vessel is in no particular trade, she is ready and willing to take freight anywhere when offered. She sails so fast that she can make three voyages while one of our vessels can make but two; consequently she has the preference as being the better manned and giving the quickest return to the merchant; and as she receives three freights while the English vessel only receives two, it is clear that the extra freight will more than compensate for the extra expense that the vessel sails at in consequence of paying extra wages to the seamen. Add to this, that the captains, generally speaking, being better paid, are better   informed and more active men; that they get through their work with fewer hands from board is followed up and supported by an equal activity on the part of the agents and factors on shore; and you have the true cause why America can afford to pay and secure for herself all our best seamen. 

One thing is evident, that it is a mere question pounds, shillings, and pence between us and America; and that the same men who now serve in the American service, would, if our wages were higher than those offered by America, immediately return to us and leave her destitute.

That it would be worth the while of this country, in case of war with the United States, to offer a head to able seamen in most certain. It would swell the naval estimate, but it would shorten the duration of the war, and in the end would probably be the saving of many millions. But the question is, cannot and ought not something to be done, now in time of peace, to relieve our mercantile shipping interest, and hold out a bounty for a return to those true principles of naval architecture, the deviation from which has now proved to be attended with such serious consequences.

Fast sailing vessels will always be able to pay higher wages than others, as what they lose in increase of daily expense, they will gain by the short time in which the voyage is accomplished; but it is by encouragement alone that we can expect that the exchange will take place. Surely some of the onerous duties imposed by the Trinity House, might be removed, not from the present class of vessels, as upon those built hereafter with first-rate sailing properties; and, indeed, it is to be questioned whether, now that Greenwich Hospital has become so enormously wealthy. and has so few pensioners to support, the charges of lights, &c., ought not to be put upon her, and thus the mercantile navy be relieved. These, however, are considerations which must be attended with a much fuller investigation than I have the means of obtaining; but these are considerations of vital importance to our maritime superiority, and as such should be immediately weighed by the Government of Great Britain, and a committee be appointed for the purpose. 
-------
[italicized] From the New York Journal of Commerce.

THE FRENCH SOUTH POLAR EXPEDITION. -- The ship Caledonia, under the command of that intelligent and talented voyager, Captain B.F. Pendleton, recently arrived at Stonington, from the Pacific.

The Caledonia was fitted out to perform her voyage to the Pacific under the agency of one of the most patriotic and enterprising citizens of the celebrated borough of Stonington, so conspicuous in those adventurous voyages to the South Seas.

On her outward passage, a few days after her departure from the Western Islands, where she had touched for refreshments, to preserve the health of her crew, she had the misfortune to have that baneful disease, the small pox, break out her crew, whereby her first officer and fourteen other persons were taken down and confined her to their berths with it. This meritorious young commander, in a praiseworthy example, nothing daunted, promptly took upon himself the comforting duty of physician and nurse; nevertheless, in spite of all his ardor, and painful attention, this most afflicting disease proved fatal to S. George, their Cooper, as worthy and valuable a mechanic, says Capt. P., as ever took tool in hand. Such a deprivation made it absolutely necessary to put into port to fill again the berth. Maldonado, in the river La Plate, was selected, and there the ship anchored, to favor the sick, and procure a cooper.

Having again shipped one, and the first officer and men recovered, the C. proceeded on her voyage, doubling Cape Horn. In the Pacific, on the coast of Chili, she procured her cargo. While thus engaged, it became necessary to put into Talcahuana for refreshments, in order to the preservation of the health of the crew, There Capt. P. met with Louis Philippe's royal discovery squadron, consisting of two corvette ships, under the command of Commodore D'Urville, out on the French South Polar Scientific Expedition. A portion of their crews were now invalids on shore, on their recovery from the sea scurvy; having lost some men by this disease previous to their arrival at this port. The Commodore, who possessed a full share of that French national gentlemanly politeness, that is so obviously courteous and creditable to the French, (particularly in their navy officers,) or learning that Captain P. had voyaged to the South Shetland islands, received him with much urbanity; became freely communicative; observed that they had discovered an extensive continent in about the longitude of Cape Horn, to the south of the 60th degree of latitude, (which to Capt. Pendleton's certain personal knowledge can be no other than Palmer's Land, discovered by the Americans in 1820 and '21, *) and that they had explored many leagues of its icy coast, where among the ice islands and bergs the whales were innumerable. The briny pyramidal shower from the blows of those Leviathans of the deep, were continually in view during the day light, in every direction, and were constantly so near, and around the corvettes, that ever and anon could be heard the sounding roar of those
---------
* Let Yankee enterprise have its due.
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giants of the ocean, breaking through the air to their spouting to obtain their respiration.

The ships were forced to quit their interesting exploration of its coasts, owing to their officers and seamen being lamentably and discouragingly attacked with sea scurvy, occasioned by the wet, unapproved construction of their vessels, they being not well adapted to favor and preserve the health of those on board, in such a high latitude, sea, and clime, during and in an exposed and arduous service in that icy region.

Capt. Pendleton at different times and seasons having had occasion to visit several ports on the coast of Chili, in wait of refreshments, gives decidedly the preference to Talcahuana over all others on that coast, for whale ships to touch at, in want of those indispensable necessaries. St. Carlos is an excellent harbor; but ships at times will be several days in working again their passage from it out to sea. E.G.

From the Montreal Courier.

Should a war unfortunately arise between Great Britain and the United States, its effects will be more severely felt in the two countries than those of any former contest which either ever engaged in. We do not speak now of the unnatural character of a bloody contest between people of the same origin, language, religion, habits, and laws -- between father and son -- or, of the resources of the two countries, and of the intellectual and physical energy, the proud spirit and unyielding determination that mark their respective inhabitants, all of which would aggravate the consequence of a capture; we allude, particularly, to the extent of commercial intercourse, to the amount of their mutual dependence on each other for the supply of the necessities and luxuries of life. This is far greater than it is generally supposed. According to a parliamentary return, of the trade of the United Kingdom, for the year ending the 5th January, 1832, there was exported to the United States, British and Irish manufactures to the value (official) of [pound sign] 12,596,173; and, against this, there was produce, chiefly cotton, imported from the same, to the value (official) of [pound sign] 8,970,342. Since that period the intercourse between the two countries has considerably increased; and, if three or four millions be added to the above sums, respectively, a pretty correct estimate of the value of the trade between them may be arrived at. This, however, is not the only tie of interest, however extensive its ramifications, that binds the two nations to "keep the peace" towards each other. A large amount of American stocks is held in England, not less, it is calculated, than [pound sign] 25,000,000. When these circumstances are considered, not to mention others of a less appreciable, but not less important or binding kind, it must be allowed that the history of the world presents no parallel to the present relative position of the two countries, and that past experience could furnish no data on which to calculate the loss both would sustain by a war, or the effects on their respective populations from a sudden and violent suspension of their commercial connections.

IMPROVED POWER OF LIGHTHOUSES.--Lieut. Drummond, three or four years ago, produced from gases thrown on line, what he called a white light, the flame of which was so intensely brilliant, that by means of a polished reflector, it could be discerned at sea for upwards of five times the usual distance. The difficulty, however, of getting men to manage the gases was so great that this superb light still continues unemployed; but something of the same sort, exhibited by a Mr. Gurney, on Friday last, at the Polytechnic Institution, will probably meet with a better fate, though far less ingenious and effective, from its superior approach to practicability. This light is on the principle of an argand lamp, with the addition, conducted through its centre, of a jet or stream of oxygen, which displaces the mere atmospheric air, and, by constituting the heavy oleginous smoke inseparable from the burner, produces a glame of increased paleness, and therefore of increased visibility.--London Chronicle.

CAPT. MARRYAT AND THE BRAZILIAN NAVY.--The following letter from Capt. Marryatt has been published in the London newspapers:
"SIR: You will oblige me by contradicting a report which has appeared in your paper, as well as in many others, of my having accepted the command of the Brazilian Navy. No such offer has been made to me, nor am I in the least inclined to serve under any other flag than that of my own country. I am, sir, your obedient servant,
F. MARRYATT.

PARIS, Feb. 16.--A royal ordonnance, dated the 14th inst., promotes Captain Casy, late commander of the Hercule, during the cruise of the Prince de Joinville previous to the expedition against Mexico, to the rank of Rear-Admiral, vice Admiral Bandin, promoted. Another ordonnance, dated the 15th, confers on Rear-Admiral Casy the post of Major General of the Marine at Toulon, vice Rear Admiral Massieu de Clerval.

European correspondence of the N. York American.
PARIS, Dec. 5, 1838--I witnessed, the 80th ult., for the third or fourth time, the degradation of soldiers in the Place Vendome. The spectacle is not merely impressive; it has produced in me, each time, strong emotion; and since I first saw it, I have not been surprised at the instances of suicide which it has occasioned at the moment of infliction. After a soldier is sentenced for desertion, theft, or other offence severely penal, detachments and officers from all the regiments, of the garrison at Paris, are marched with large bands of music, to the Place Vendome, under the grand column and statue of Napoleon, and the culprit or culprits are brought thither in a covered vehicle, well guarded. On the 30th ult., there were two condemned, as deserters, to five years of public labor, with a chain and massive bullet attached to the leg of each. They were stripped of their uniform, and covered with a dark-brown course overcoat. When the troops, in number about two thousand, were formed in a parallelogram over half the great Place, the officers being collected near the column, each of the deserters was run, blindfold, by several of his comrades, backward and forward, from one end of the area to the other. Then the music was stationed in the centre, and the troops paraded round their degraded comrades, from whose eyes the bandages were removed.

Nothing, within the same compass, could be finer than the general effect of the movement, as the rays of the sun glanced on the various metal equipments of the different corps, the rich uniforms of the groups of officers, and the sides of the gigantic brass column and statue. The deserters were replaced in the vehicle, and escorted to the military penitentiary. At this solemnity, as it may well be called, crowds of spectators are generally assembled on the adjacent pavements, and I have seen no concourses elsewhere in Paris, that seemed to be so attentive and so sensibly touched.

I do not recollect that I have ever gone abroad in Paris, in the day time, without having heard the sound of drums, and encountered military companies of strollers. All the troops of the garrison are well clad and well fed; the great majority are young men, rather under the middle size; so many look like mere lads, that the observer can hardly persuade himself of their competency for a conflict with the robust British and German men-soldiery. We know, however, what they can accomplish in the
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[Left column:]
field. Their countenances are lively and ingenuous;
their service, in garrison, I should suppose to
be light; they saunter, singly and in bands, in every
part of Paris and its vicinity, by permission, and,
in this sense, are less confined than the many thousand 
of college pupils. They exhibit, in the streets,
the gaiety of the national character; but I have never
seen them conduct themselves in a way which I could
term disorderly. I have visited the interior of two
of their barracks near this capital, and surveyed
others when the windows were open, in different parts
of France. The discipline of the interior did not
edify me; numbers of the inmates were half-dressed 
and noisy, and there was a want of neatness and
cleanliness throughout. On parade, every thing is in
the best trim and array.
I have never had a predilection for standing 
armies and barracks; and all that I have gazed and
pondered on in Europe, has rendered the more and 
more averse. It is a sorry sight; the hundreds of
thousands of able-bodied conscripts withdrawn from 
productive labor, to be supported at the national cost
in the habits of barracks and garrisons, and for the
purposes to which they are assigned. The principal
continental governments keep up immense military
establishments, more from fear of their subjects than 
of each other. Most of the secondary states are 
thus burdened far beyond the proportions of population
and treasury, from various causes to which I
can foresee probable aggravation, but no probable
end. It is really lamentable that countries such as
Holland and Belgium, eminently disposed and filled
for the best arts and labors of agriculture, commerce,
and manufactures -- for all beneficial internal 
improvement -- should divert, as they do, their means
and attention, to armies and fortresses, with one half,
or less, of which they could even gratify their mutual
animosities, and settle their disputes quite as 
speedily and efficiently as with the whole. If they
should increase their forces to the utmost extent of
their resources, they would still be unable to cope
with the Great Powers.
I cannot give you an idea of the jealousy with 
which the Dutch guard their military stations.  They
have held Belgian Muestricht, as you know, since
the revolution of 1830. In July last I wished to 
visit that place, merely as a traveller. I found that 
no one could enter without a special license from the
Dutch commander, and that the license was 
extremely difficult to be procured. All communication 
was cut off between the town (of 22,000 inhabitants,) 
and Liege, distant only a few leagues, and
between which a considerable trade had been carried on
by the river Meuse.
LITERARY GOSSIP.
PARIS, Dec. 13, 1838. -- Lieut. General Count Dupont, 
who lost the battle of Baylen in Spain, has 
recently published a poem, entitled the Art of War,
(L'Art de la Guerre,) in ten cantos, and in royal
octave, beautifully printed. The unfortunate
commander was always a man of letters, and has 
employed the leisure of some years in teaching hispro-
fession, in elaborate metre, by precept and example.
Each canto is devoted to one or more of the principal
branches of the Art, (les grandes parties de la
Guerre.) The French military achievements since
the beginning of the Revolution are particularly
commemorated in illustration of the Count's theme.
He has introduced into the sixth book a military 
delineation of Napoleon, which strikes me as able in
every respect. Notes are appended to each canto. 
I looked into the volume with curiosity, and was
satisfied on the whole with the plan and the verse. 
You know that there is a poem in five cantos, on 
the same subject, in the works of Frederick the
Great.
OFFICIAL ARMY REGISTER, 1839. -- Just 
published and for sale at this office. Price 50 cents.
March 7.

[Right column:]
LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.
[PUBLIC -- No. 36]
AN ACT making appropriations for preventing and
suppressing Indian hostilities for the year eighteen
hundred and thirty-nine.  
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
That the following [illegible] amounting to one million
eight hundred and four [thous]and seven hundred and
seventy-four dollars, be, and the same are hereby 
appropriated out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to defray the expenses which have
been, or may be, incurred, in preventing or suppressing
the hostilities of any Indians, in the year eighteen
hundred and thirty-nine; to be expended under the 
direction of the Secretary of War, conformably to the acts
of Congress of the nineteenth of March and the second
of July, eighteen hundred and thirty-six and of the acts
therein referred to:
For forage for the horses of the second dragoons,
mounted volunteers and militia officers entitled to forage
in kind, and for horses, mules, and oxen, in the service
of trains, three hundred and ninety-two thousand eight
hundred and thirty-one dollars.
For freight or transportation of military supplies of
every description from the places of purchase to Florida,
two hundred and fifty-four thousand six hundred and
twenty-eight dollars.
For the purchase of wagons, harness, boats and lighters,
horses to keep up the trains, tools, leather and
other materials, for repairs, ninety two thousand dollars.
For the transportation of supplies from the principal
depots to the several posts, as well as troops when they
move by water, including the hire of steamboats and
other vessels for the service in the rivers and on the
coasts, and the expenses of maintaining and sailing the
several steamers and transport schooners connected
with the operations of the army, three hundred thousand 
dollars.
For the hire of mechanics, laborers, mule-drivers, 
teamsters, and other assistants, including their subsistence, 
and for soldiers on extra duty, conformably to law,
one hundred thousand dollars.
For the transportation of the militia or volunteers while
marching to and from the scene of operations, thirty
thousand dollars.
For miscellaneous expenses of all kinds, not embrace
under the foregoing heads, and which, from their 
contingent character, cannot be specified, four hundred thousand dollars.
For accoutrements and arms for infantry and cavalry,
including militia infantry and cavalry ammunition for
men and field artillery, and repairs of arms, and for 
contingencies, seventy-one thousand dollars.
For the pay of such militia and volunteers as may
have been, or may be, called into the service of the
United States, in addition to the unexpended balance of
the appropriation for the payment of four thousand 
volunteers for the year eighteen hundred and thirty-eight,
one hundred and fourteen thousand three hundred and
fifteen dollars.
For the purpose of holding a treaty with the Seminole
Indians, five thousand dollars.
For the purchase and maintaining in active service
the vessels of light draught of water, to cruise along
the coast of Florida, for the protection of the lives and
property of the citizens, fifty thousand dollars.
For paying the value of the horses and equipage of
the Tennessee and other volunteers, who have at any
time been in the service of the United States in the 
Territory of Florida, and which were turned over to the
Government, by the order of the commanding general or
other commanding officer, said value to be ascertained
by the appraizement of said value when the [the] volunteers
entered the service, fifty-two thousand dollars.
And the provisions of acts approved and in force at 
various periods since eighteen hundred and twelve, 
authorizing payment for horses lost in the service of the
United States by rangers, militia, and volunteers, are
 hereby revived and extended for two years, from and
after the passage of this act, and under the action of
the Third Auditor, shall be deemed to embrace all cases
not already satisfied, of horses lost to their owners in service
as aforesaid, in battle, or otherwise, when care and
diligence be rendered manifest on the part of the owner;
Page 25

ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.  231
[Left column:]
and if the death or loss of rangers' horses shall have occurred
for want of forage, if it be at places where, 
acting in [illegible] the orders of commanding officers,
forage could not have been procured by proper [illegible]
on the part of the owner; no payment, however, shall
be made for horses or other properly lost or destroyed, 
when the loss or destruction shall have been occasioned 
by the fault or neglect of the owner, or where, by the
terms of the contract, the risk was upon the owner of 
the property: and no greater sum of money than the 
fifty-two thousand dollars appropriated by this section 
shall be drawn from the Treasury by reason of its provisions.

Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That no part of 
the money appropriated by this act shall be applied to 
the payment of any volunteers, except for arrearages,
or for any expenses growing out of the employment of 
any volunteers for the year eighteen hundred and thirty
-eight.
-
[PUBLIC -- No 27.]
AN ACT making an appropriation for the protection 
of the northern and northwestern frontier of the 
United States.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
 That the sum of five hundred thousand dollars, in 
addition to a former appropriation, shall be, and the 
same is hereby appropriated out of any unappropriated
money in the Treasury, to defray any expenses which 
have been or may be incurred in protecting the northern
and northwestern frontier of the United States, by
the employment of steamboats, the transportation of 
troops and supplies, or any other extraordinary expenses
attending the operations of the army in the defence
of that frontier, and by culling out, under the direction 
of the President of the United States, any part of the 
militia or volunteers, according to the provisions of the 
constitution and laws; and such part of said sum as may 
be required for the latter purpose, shall be expended 
under the direction of the Secretary of War, conformably
to the provisions of the act of Congress of January 
the second, seventeen hundred and ninety-five; and of 
the act of April the fifth, eighteen hundred and thirty-
two, making appropriations for the support of the army:
and of the act of March the nineteenth, eighteen hundred
and thirty-six, providing for the payment of volunteer
and militia corps in the service of the United States.
APPROVED, March 3, 1839.

[PUBLIC -- No. 28.]
AN ACT to amend an act entitled "An act regulating
the pay and emoluments of brevet officers." 
passed April the sixteenth, eighteen hundred and 
eighteen.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
That from and after the passage of this act, the 
act entitled "An act regulating the pay and emoluments 
of brevet officers," approved April sixteenth, eighteen
hundred and eighteen, be, and the same shall be 
so construed as to include the case of the Adjutant General
of the United States
APPROVED, March 3, 1839.

[RESOLUTION -- PUBLIC -- No. 3.]
A RESOLUTION to authorize the purchase of an 
island in the river Delaware, called the Pea Patch,
and for other purposes.
Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives
of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby authorized
and required to take all necessary measures to 
try the title of the United States to the island in the
Delaware, commonly called the Pea Patch, by submitting
all the questions growing out of the conflicting 
claims of the United States and the individual claimants, 
to the courts of law; and if it shall appear, to the 
satisfaction of the said Secretary, that the title is not 
vested in the United States, and the possession thereof 
is indispensable to the public interests, he is hereby authorized
to purchase the same from the legal owner or 
owners thereof, either by appraisement or such other 
manner as he may deem most expedient, subject to the 
approval of Congress.
APPROVED, March 3, 1839,

[Right column:]
SELECTED POETRY.
The "LIFE OF BARTON AND OLNEY," by Mrs. Williams, 
a name not unknown to fame, is the biography
of two revolutionary heroes, the former the capture of
General Prescott. For this gallant enterprise, Gen.
Barton received a sword and a vote of thanks from Congress.
We met with the following poetic ellusion in the
life of the first named hero, which is new to us, and may
be equally so to our readers -- Albany Daily Advertiser.

BOMBARDMENT OF BRISTOL.
In seventeen hundred and seventy-five,
Old Bristol town was much surprised
By a pack of thievish villains,
That will not work to get their livings.

October 'twas the seventh day,
As I have heard the people say,
Wallace, his name he ever curst,
Came in our harbor just at dusk.

And there his ships did safely moor,
And quickly sent his barge on shore,
With orders that should not be broke,
Or they might expect a smoke.

Demanding that the magistrates
Should quickly come on board his ships,
And let him have some sheep and cattle,
Or they might expect a battle.

At eight o'clock, by signal given,
Our peaceful atmosphere was riven
By British balls, both grape and round,
As plenty afterwards were found.

But oh! to hear the doleful cries
Of people running for their lives!
Women, with children in their arms,
Running away to the farms!

With all their firing and their skill,
They did not any person kill;
Neither was any person hurt,
But the Reverend Parson Burt.

And as he was not killed by a ball,
As judged by jurors, one and all;
But being in a sickly state,
He frightened fell, which proved his fate.

Another truth to you I'll tell,
That you may see they levelled well;
For aiming to kill the people,
They fired their shot into a steeple.

The fired low, they fired high,
The women scream, the children cry;
And all their firing and their racket
Shot off the topmast of a packet.
--
THE WAR.
The annexed happy hit at the unending Florida War
is from a "down east" paper:

Ever since the creation,
By the best calculation,
The Florida war has been raging,
And is our expectation
That the last conflagration
Will find us the same contest waging!

And yet 'tis not an endless war,
As facts will plainly show,
Having been "ended" forty times
In twenty months or so.

Sam Jones, Sam Jones, thou great unwhipped.
Thou mak'st a world of bother,
Indeed, we quite suspect thou art,
One Davy Jones' brother.

"The war is ended," comes the news,
We've caught them in our gin;
The war is ended, past a doubt,
"Sam Jones has just come in!"

But, hark! next day the tune we change.
And sing a counter strain,
"The war's not ended," for behold,
Sam Jones is out again!
Page 26

232
ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.

[Left column:]
And ever and anon we hear,
Proclaimed in cheering tones,
Our General's had -- a battle? -- no,
A "talk with Samuel Jones!"

For aught we see, while ocean rolls,
(As though these crafty Seminoles
Were doubly served and sinewed,)
Nor art nor force can o'er avail,
But like some modern premium tale,
The war's "to be continued"
---
From Poulson's American Daily Advertiser.
RESPECT TO THE MEMORY OF DR BOYD.
The Surgeons and Assistant Surgeons of the Navy,
on the Philadelphia station, having heard with emotions
of deep regret of the death of Dr. THOMAS J.
BOYD, a Surgeon in the Navy, assembled at the Navy 
Yard, on Friday the 29th of March, in order to 
express the high respect and esteem they entertain,
for the talents and virtues of their distinguished professional associate and beloved brother officer; their 
regret at the loss which his friends, his family, and of the
the service have suffered by his early death and the
onfeigned aliection they cherish for his memory.
On motion of Dr. HARRIS, the meeting was
organized by calling Dr. BARTON to the Chair, and 
Dr. GEORGE W. PEETE, to act as Secretary.  Dr.
MORGAN delivered the following address to the 
meeting; and presented the annexed resolutions,
which were unanimously adopted.
MR. CHAIRMAN -- From the relation in which I
stand towards my friend, the late Dr. BOYD, I feel
it my duty to take part in paying due respect to his
memory.
It does not seem necessary or proper, however, on
an occasion like the present, to dwell in terms of 
enlogy, on the excellent character of our deceased 
and lamented friend. True sorrow is in its nature
mute. The voice of praise cannot with grief,
nor "soothe the dull cold ear of death."
Most of us were personally acquainted with Dr.
BOYD, and all who knew him can attest the [singular]ness
and integrity of purpose which distinguished his
whole life, and the innocence and purity of his heart.
He has left this world too soon for those who survive 
him, but not too soon for himself, and has left to his 
children the most valuable legacy they could receive
from him -- bright example of charity and good will
to men, of fervent, unostentatious piety; and a spotless
name.
I beg leave to submit for your consideration the
following resolutions: --
Resolved, That in the death of Dr. THOMAS J BOYD,
the medical profession has lost one of its brightest ornaments, the navy one of its best officers, and society one 
of its purest and most valuable members.
Resolved, That we deplore the event which has 
deprived his country of his services, in the prime of his 
life and usefulness, and his family of their protector and
[illegible] guide.
Resolved, That we will manifest our [illegible]
for his public and private virtues, by the usual badge of
mourning, and our respect for his memory by requesting
his friend, Dr. Geo. S. Sproston, to furnish a biographical
memoir of the deceased for publication.
Resolved, That a committee be appointed to communicate the proceedings of this meeting to the family of
the deceased, and to express to them the sympathising
sorrow of his friends and brother officers.
Doctors Morgan, Greene and Ruschenberger, were
appointed a committee to carry into effect the above
resolution, Dr. W. P. C. BARTON, Chairman
Dr. GEO. W. PEETE, Secretary.

LIFE INSURANCE. -- As illustrative of the benefit
of life insurance, we may mention that the sum of
five thousand dollars is to be paid by the Pennsylvania
Life Insurance Company of this city to the family
of the late Dr. Boyd, of the U.S. Navy, who died
in New York a few days since, in the prime of life,
after a brief illness. -- Pennsylvanian.

[Right column:]
WASHINGTON CITY;
THURSDAY, ...... APRIL 11, 1839

END OF A REVOLUTIONARY VETERAN. -- It is
wisely ordained for our peace of mind here, that we
shall not know the manner or the period of the termination of our mortal existence; or, as Pope beautifully expresses it-
Heaven from all creatures hides the book of fate;
All but the page prescribed - the present state.
A knowledge of the time and manner of our end,
let them occur under as favorable auspices as are ever
allotted to man, would only fill us with dread of the
approaching hour which would seem to us to hurry
on with rapid pace. With the lover, time always
lags; but with the criminal bound to the gallows, he
runs too fast.
 Of the hand of patriots who struggled manfully and
successfully for our Independence, but a small
portion remain among us to witness the rapid increase
of our prosperity. Time is daily gathering them to
reap the reward of their labors in a better world, and
if we cannot smooth the rugged pathway of life in
their journey towards its close, we can at least offer
our prayers and sincere wishes for an easy and
comfortable road. The circumstances attending the last
end of one of these heroes have lately been communicated 
to us; and humble though the part he bore in
that struggle, and as humble his station in society,
would raise our voice, if not to snatch them from
oblivion, at least to offer our meed of respect for the
memory and gratitude for the services of each and
every one at that more than Spartan hand.
MOSES KELLY, a soldier of the Revolution, for
whose services and privations the country had
thought it sufficient to bestow a pension of three dollars
per month, -at the advanced age of ninety- of
venerable appearance - whose movements manifested
that the fire of youth and the spirit of our sires
were not extinct in his veins - whose carriage was
but little bent by the weight of years - lately took a
journey from Cincinnati to Washington, a distance of
500 miles, with a view to obtain an increase of pension
On his way hither, between Reisterstown and
Baltimore, two heartless villains who could not have
possessed one spark of pity, honesty, or gratitude,
robbed him of his little stock of money and clothing
and he arrived here penniless.  Making his situation
and the object of his visit known, KELLY was conducted to the Pension Office, but was unsuccessful in 
accomplishing the purpose of his visit--the laws
could afford him no further relief. His case, however, coming to the ears of some of our army officers, 
with that generous sympathy for which they are
so proverbial, and notwithstanding the repeated calls
upon their charity, they very soon made up a purse
of FIFTY DOLLARS. The boarders at Brown's Hotel liberally contributed the further sum of SIXTY
DOLLARS, so that what at first appeared as an irreparable loss to our wayworn traveller was not only made good, but he was provided with a small capital which
would insure his expenses home, and leave something
for his support afterwards. Mr. BROWN, the liberal
Page 27

ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.
233

[Left column:]
host of the Indian Queen, refused all compensation
for entertaining the old here at his house. One
of the officers, with a provident foresight, had taken
care to convert KELLY's capital into United States
Bank notes and gold -- a sure passport through any
part of Uncle Sam's domains,
KELLY might be compared to a scathed oak in a
forest of vigorous saplings; his trunk was left, but
its branches were lopped off -- his offspring had pre-
ceded him to the tomb, and he was left childless.
With a comparatively light heart, KELLY started
on his journey homeward, and being provided with a
letter to Messrs STOCKTON & CO., the enterprising
stage proprietors, of Baltimore, they generously
franked the veteran in their line "scot free" to
Wheeling; and we would that we could add the
pleasing information that he reached his home in
safety. But we have a far different story to relate --
that of his death by accident.
A letter was received a few days since by a 
gentleman in this city, from W. FREY, Esq., the postmaster
at Somerfield, Somerset County, Pa., giving
the melancholy intelligence that the old soldier 
had been upset in the stage near that place, by
which accident his collar bone was broken, and he
was otherwise so seriously injured that no hopes of
his recovery were entertained. Though languishing 
on the bed of pain, the veteran was not unmindful of 
those who had assisted him here in his distress; he
dictated a letter expressing his grateful acknowledgements 
to the gentlemen in Washington who had aided
him; and as he might not in all probability, 
have another opportunity to make his feelings known
to them, he could not die in peace until he had eased
his overcharged heart.
Another letter from Mr. FREY, under date of
the 26th March, announces that poor KELLY had
breathed his last. Every attention that kindness
could dictate was extended to him during the few days
that he lingered on the bed of death, and his remains
were followed to the grave by the clergy and many
respectable citizens of Somerfield.
---
In the North American Review for January, 1839,
is a notice of "STEPHEN'S Travels in the East,"
written, it is understood, by the late Secretary of
War, Gov. CASS, who, it will be remembered, passed
over subsequently a portion of the country described
by Mr. STEPHENS, when he made a tour in the U.S. frigate Constitution, with Commodore ELLIOTT.
On Mr. STEPHENS'S visit to Mehemet Ali, Pasha of
Egypt, the previous visit of Commodore PATTERSON
in the U. S. ship Delaware was mentioned, and
the Reviewer thus speaks of the 'incident.'
"We take pleasure in transcribing the following
tribute of justice, and in adding our own feeble
testimony to its truth. 'He,' the Pasha, 'knew America
from a circumstance, which I afterwards found
had done wonders in giving her a name and character
in the East; the visit of Commodore PATTERSON, 
in the ship Delaware.' That gentleman has
the present campaign will be brought down to a
behind him an enviable reputation in the various 

[Right column:]
countries of the Mediterranean, which he visited.
We have followed him in his route, and have heard
but one report of his hospitality, urbanity, and correct demeanor. His superb ship was a proud monument 
of the naval skill of his country, and the conduct 
of her officers and crew confirmed the favorable
impression she was fitted to produce."
---
Maj. Gen. SCOTT arrived in Washington on Thursday, 
4th instant, and left again last evening, for his 
head quarters at Elizabethtown, N. J.
Maj Gen. JESUP will leave the city in a day or
two for his residence in Kentucky. It is understood 
that he will return shortly with his family.
The Board mentioned in our last number adjourned
On Monday. The naval architects, we understand,
are still in session, but it is probable will adjourn to
meet again in Philadelphia some time next week.
---
Correspondence of the Army and Navy Chronicle.
FORT KING, FLA.,  [Florida] March 7, 1839.
DEAR SIR: General TAYLOR arrived here yesterday, accompanied by his staff, and Col. T. CROSS, Assistant
Quartermaster General. Capt. MACKAY and
Lieut. BLAKE, Topographical Engineers, are ordered
set about the survey of the country to be occupied
with the "system of squares." This place proposed
by General Taylor, and lately sanctioned by
the War Department, and which has created no little discussion among the people of Florida and army
officers in the country, is simply this: The peninsula
between the Georgia line and a line parallel to it
from a point on the Oklawaha, ten miles south of
Fort King, is to be cut up into squares of twenty
miles. In the middle of each, or as near the middle
as health will permit, a small work will be built,
garrisoned according to the nature of the country;
generally, however, one company is deemed sufficient, one-third of them being mounted. If you
take the map and divide the country in this manner,
the results of the plan are obvious. Each officer in
command of a district is held responsible that no 
Indians remain for a long time in it, or at least that
they commit no murders or depredations with impunity. 
If the scouting party, daily sent out by the
officer of each garrison, discovers a body of Indians
too large for its immediate attack, how easily can a
force sufficiently strong be raised from the contiguous post? The Indians will find it impossible to remain, 
or even to come within the districts. One reply 
can be brought against the objections to this
plan. Every other heretofore tried has failed, and
the only proof of the inefficacy of any plan is experience.
The regiments will be more concentrated than
they now are; the troops will be relieved of the
toll and hardships they have so long undergone; the
inhabitants of Florida, driven from their homes, can
return; while ample protection is afforded to new
comers. And, more than all, the expenditures of
the public money (although greatly lessened during
the present campaign) will be brought down to a
mere trifle. This plan is very similar to that pro-
Page 28

234 ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.

posed in the United States Senate by Mr. Benton, with the advantage of being less expensive. And, indeed, when we compare the two, we will readily conclude General Taylor's to be the more effectual plan for the expulsion of the Indians and the restoration of quiet to the genial clime so long disturbed by the vicissitudes of war. Among the turbulent principles of human nature, is that which prompts men to find fault with things they cannot remedy; to cavil at projects they cannot improve; to express dissatisfaction on opinions, when to substitute a better would puzzle them beyond measure. Give the project a fair trial, and if it fails, its originator will have the consolation to know that he is no more unfortunate than his predecessors.

Yours, truly,
TUSTENAKEE-THLOKO.

FORT HEILEMAN,
Garey's Ferry, Fla., April 5, 1839.

The General-in-chief and Aide, and Captain Edmund Schriver, Assistant Adjutant General, arrived here at day-break this morning, when an appropriate salute was fired. General Taylor has been here for some time, awaiting the arrival of General Macomb.

Three companies of the 4th Artillery have left for the north.

ITEMS.

Gen. MACOMB and staff arrived at Savannah, on Thursday, 28th ult., in the steamboat Richmond, from Charleston.

Assistant Surgeon J. B. WELLS, U. S. A., arrived at Little Rock, on the 10th ult., from Fort Towson, and left on the 12th, on his way to the east, on furlough.

At the last term of the Criminal Court at Alexandria, D. C., a nolle prosequi was entered by the District Attorney, with the consent of the Court, in the case of the U. States vs R. B. Randolph, formerly a Lieutenant in the navy, for an assault and battery on Andrew Jackson, late President of the United States.

Correspondence of the Journal of Commerce.

MARSEILLES, Feb. 19.--The brig Powhattan, while going out of our harbor last night, got on shore by the pilot, and was obliged to put back to repair. Had it not been for assistance rendered by the Captain and officers of the U. S. ship Cyane, she would have been lost. Much credit is due Capt. Percival, his officers and men, for their exertions in getting her off the rocks, and bringing her into port. She will be obliged to heave down to ascertain the extent of damage.

LITTLE ROCK, March 25.--The steamboat Ozark arrived here on Wednesday last, from New Orleans, with 105 United States troops, for Fort Gibson, under the command of Capt. DE HART,  of the U. S. army.

The steamer Little Rock arrived on Thursday last, with about the same number. She left on Friday for Fort Gibson.--Times.

A fire occurred in Portsmouth, Va., on Wednesday, the 3d inst. The Norfolk Beacon says: a friend in Portsmouth speaks of the conduct of Lieutenant PIERCY, of the U. S. navy, as daring and worthy of all praise. He was in the midst of danger, and disregarded all personal consideration in his generous purpose to arrest the progress of the flames.

The British sloop of war Modeste, Commander Eyres, went to sea from the quarantine ground, New York, on Sunday last. Bermuda is said to be her destination.

ARRIVALS AT WASHINGTON.
April 1--Col. W. J. Worth, 8th infy.
Lieut. W R. Palmer, Top. Engs., Mrs. Ulrich's.
Lieut. J. E. Johnson, do. do.
4--Major Gen. W. Scott, Col. Campbell's.
Lieut. G. H. Pegram, A. D. C., Fuller's.
Capt. E. Harding, Ordnance, Gadsby's.
5--Major J. D. Graham, Top Engs., 7 Buildings.
Capt. J. M. Washington, 4th arty., Gadsby's.
8--Col. J. Bankhead, 2d arty., do.
Major J. Erving, 4th arty., Mrs. Latimer's.
9--Major W. H. Chase, Engrs., Gadsby's.
10--Lieut. W. Potter, 7th infy., Mrs. Hill's.

LETTERS ADVERTISED

NORFOLK, April 1, 1839.
NAVY--Comm'r Wm Boerum; Lieutenants C Kennedy, M F Maury, A F V Gray, J R Tucker, Samuel E Mann 2, W C Whittle, W D Porter, Arthur Lewis; Drs Thos Dillard, D C McLeod, Jas M Green, Wm L Van Horn, S C Lawrason, Wm Plumstead, C D Maxwell, Sam'l Moseley 2; Rev'd P B Wilmer; Mid Wm H Adams, H H Harrison, W Bartlett, Wilson, C O Riehle.

NEW ORLEANS, March 27, 1839.
ARMY--Gen J E Wool 3.
NAVY--Lt Junius Boyle 2, Lt W A C Farragut.

PASSENGERS.
NEW ORLEANS, March 25, per steamboat United States, from St. Louis, Capt. H S. Turner, of the army.
SAVANNAH, April 4, per ship Celia, form New York, Lieut. J. Hayden, of the army.
CHARLESTON, April 6, per steam packet South Carolina, from Baltimore, Lieut. C. J. Hughes, of the army.

ARRIVALS AT PHILADELPHIA
April 2--Col. Worth, Lt. Talcott, Lt. J. A. Thomas, army.
April 3--Lieut. T. R. Gedney, navy; Dr. Wells and lady, Lieut. West, army.
April 4--Major J. D. Graham, army.
April 5--Capt. McCall, navy; Lt. W. Frazer, army.
April 6--Lt. W. H. Emory, army
April 7-8--Eugene Rodgers, Dr. J. M. Foltz, navy.

COMMUNICATIONS.

THE NAVY, AS IT SHOULD BE.
If we desire to arrive at eminence in any profession, it becomes necessary to devote our time an undivided application, and diligent and persevering attention to every subject, however remote, calculated to advance us towards the attainment of our wishes. In the naval profession this diligence is doubly necessary, as much more depends on a proficiency in its votaries than those of any other profession whatever. A neglect of the requisite application, and consequence ignorance, on the part of those engaged in other pursuits, recoils merely on their own heads, and exposes themselves alone to the consequences, which seldom extend beyond ridicule and contempt; but in the naval service, more serious consequences are involved--the honor of the country, its flag, the lives of valuable citizens, and public property, are all staked on the competency of its officers. These are weighty consideration, and should be sufficient to arouse all the energies of those who embrace this honorable and responsible profession.

From the first moment of entering the service, the aspirant should look forward to its highest honors; the summit should be his constant aim; and to prepare himself to pass through the various grades with honor, it will be necessary to devote the most constant attention to the acquisition of knowledge, not only by a diligent attention to duty (in which it
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ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE. 235

should be his endeavor to take the lead) and close observation, but by studying attentively the best works on every branch of the profession. Obedience and a respectful subordination is another acquisition of primary importance to form the character of a good officer. A youth of discernment will soon perceive the necessity of discipline, and will do all in his power to aid in its most rigid demands. This course of conduct, invariably pursued, will gain for him the esteem of his superiors, command the respect of his equals and inferiors, and the approbation of all; and will soon qualify him for honorable preferment.

Perhaps there is no spectacle which can be presented, more gratifying to a beholder than that of a well disciplined man of war; a ship, under full sail, moving majestically "like a thing of life," is justly regarded as a beautiful object; but to appreciate her perfections, you must go on board, examine the interior of the "world within," observe the neatness of appearance, the order and celerity of movement, the silence, the cheerful, healthy, happy countenances of her crew. These are the beauties of a ship, the attendant of discipline, the result of ability in the commander, sustained by the zealous support of competent, intelligent officers. Observe her movements; at one moment you see her a "cloud" of sail, the next it vanishes as if by magic; at exercise of guns, all is silence and rapid motion; no sound of voice but in the word of command; in company with another ship, particularly of a foreign nation, life and emulation beam on every countenance; anxiety to excel predominates in every bosom; a faux pas at such a time, when even the little side boy feels his honor at stake, would be esteemed a calamity overwhelming all with shame and confusion.

Such were the ships with the stars and stripes waving proudly over their gallant crews, that by their prowess compelled the gallant flag of "Old England" reluctantly to yield. This prowess was attained by that patient and laborious process which alone can give efficiency to courage. Their discipline and performance were such as became ships of a nation where all are volunteers, where all should be stimulated by love of country. It should be pride of an American to submit to, and sustain, the strictest discipline, knowing as he must that by a superiority in this important particular, added to skill, (its consequent,) our present high reputation was achieved; and that by skill and discipline alone can it be sustained.

It was a maxim of Roman discipline, I think, in the time of their Emperors, that a soldier, to be perfect, should "be more afraid of his officers than the enemy." Such base motives we spurn; Americans will always do their duty from the most exalted and ennobling sentiments--love of country, and the glory of its banners; fearing nothing but defeat. A captious, quibbling, murmuring, spirit evinces a total absence of that patient, enduring, manly pride which should adorn to complain at the necessary and unavoidable restraints of a wholesome discipline. The misunderstandings which will sometimes occur in service ("to err is human") should be confined within the limits of the "family circle," and not be blazoned forth to the world. They are more easily reconciled, when confined to those who are so deeply interested in their amicable adjustment, than when forced on public attention, to the injury of the navy, the grief of its friends, and the destruction of that harmony which should always exist among the members of an honorable profession. The present differences and laxity of discipline in the navy are the theme of every day discussion. Is it not then the duty as well as interest of every officer to do all in his power to restore the service to that state which the country has a right to expect? It is said the first step to be taken towards the reformation of the world, is for each one to begin and reform himself. If we adopt this principle in the navy, from the greatest even to the least, subordination and discipline will again shine forth her proud characteristic. C.

CITIZEN APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY.

MR. EDITOR: I have observed, in some of the late numbers of the Chronicle, a disposition on the part of two or three correspondents--who, it is presumed, are very young men--to interfere with the duties of the Hon. Secretary of War, touching the appointment in the army of ci-devant cadets, who did not graduate.

The unusual number of vacancies in the army has rendered it necessary of late years, as formerly, to fill a portion of them by appointments from civil life, and in making the selections for that purpose, it is well known to all, who know any thing of his character, that the Hon. Secretary has acted with an eye single to the good of the country, and the best interest of the service.

If individuals have been selected, who were once cadets, it was doubtless because they were deemed better qualified for the appointments than those who never received any military instruction at all; and with this view, all the circumstances considered, their derelictions at the Academy, if any, may have been overlooked on the ground of expediency, or perhaps the appointment of some of these has been only a matter of "justice long delayed." I think every graduate will admit that a young man's having been compelled to leave West Point is no proof either of unworthiness, or inability to become a good officer; and it is the province of the Secretary of War to judge of these cases.

Any young man of ordinary capacity (and this is no disparagement to the Institution) who enters the militory Academy, may graduate, if he conducts himself properly--if he does not so conduct, he must abide the chance of being detected in his deviations from discipline and dismissed from the corps of Cadets. His offence may betray an inherent turpitude of principle, or something of a kind which would render him unfit for responsibility of confidence; but such cases seldom, very seldom, have occurred, and the Department, whatever might be the emergency, would never appoint such men officers in the army.

We are not to regard every graduate, either, whether he be an officer of the Eastern, or "Western Division," as a prodigy. We have known young men of inferior abilities to graduate high in "General Merit," while other of elevated intellect, men whose capacities we have envied in vain, have, through the thoughtlessness and folly of youth, or perhaps a misapplication of their powers, been found deficient at the examination, and dismissed accordingly. So in "conduct," many a Cadet, with seven or eight hundred "demerit" recorded against his name, has obtained his diploma at last; and others, with little or none, less fortunate, have been court martialed or struck from the rolls, even for resenting a personal insult. And in one case, not many years since, a young man was compelled to sacrifice his warrant of cadetship to visit a dying sister, although he had been two years at the Academy without a leave of absence; his resignation, tendered at the time, was not accepted for years, if it ever was. Discipline sometimes requires these things, but who will say that this young man's conduct incapacitated him for an appointment in the army after his class had graduated? Instances have lately occurred through inadvertance, it is true, of the appointment of individuals previous to the promotion of their class, but that is to be rectified, all in due time, and by the Hon. Secretary himself. But whatever may come to pass, it ill becomes young officers of the army, who have been educated at their country's expense--who owe what they are, both in acquirements and
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236 ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.

standing, to facilities afforded them by their Government--to give vent to their jealousy in futile and left-handed flings at the Department which has fostered them.

If any other feeling than jealousy, or a disposition to monopolise, is the incentive of the 'grognards;' if, as they would, but cannot, induce us to believe, the interest of the service is hteir motive, let them bear in mind that the Hon. Joel R. Poinsett is no less actuated by it; and that the welfare of the army and country, not the gratification of grumblers, is the basis of all his official conduct. CIT.

GEN. TAYLOR, AND THE MISSOUTI VOLUNTEERS.

Among those Senators who discussed the merits of Col. BENTON's bill for the armed occupation of Florida, and for other purposes, was Senator LINN, of Missouri. Without a general or particular knowledge of this gentleman, (although he occupies the honorable and distinguished position of Senator,) we must be permitted to look upon him as one of three characters, to wit: a mistaken man, an intoxicated man, or a falsifier. We view him in those lights only when reading the remarks uttered by him on the bill in question.

It is well known, that during the winter of 1837, on the 25ht day of December, Colonel Z. TAYLOR, commanding a column of the army, met and fought a large body of Seminole Indians, in a swamp and hammock bordering on the immense lake Okeechobee. The battle was most disastrous in it results to the army, but the Indians were beaten and fled; and from that day have never made any stand against any portion of our troops. Among the troops under command of Col. Taylor, was a regiment of Missouri Volunteers, and a Spy Battalion from the same State. The first was commanded by the gallant Col. GENTRY, the last by Lieut. Col. MORGAN. In the official report of the battle Col. Taylor stated truth, the whole truth and--I was about to add, nothing but the truth. He was too lenient upon the Missourians, and why? Because their brave leader, in the hour of death, said to Colonel Taylor, "Sir, I know you will do me justice! But, for the honor of Missouri, be as easy as possible upon the Volunteers!" Colonel Taylor never accused the Missourians of cowardice; yet it has been repeatedly charged upon them by officers who were in the battle; more especially by one who is lauded to the third heaven by Senator Linn.

The question is, can the charge of cowardice be proven? Most certain is it that every word contained in Col. Taylor's report can be substantiated beyond the shadow of a doubt; and if men's actions are indices of their emotions, the free and enlightened portion of Senator Linn's constituents on the shores of the Okeechobee, Dec. 25th, 1837, were most essentially bewildered, if not frightened.

Notwithstanding the vials of wrath outpoured upon the head of Colonel Taylor, by the Volunteers, (fourteen of whom signed a paper, the paragraphs of which contradict each other,) in their private capacity, and as members of the Legislature, he would not have noticed them; but when men in high places, possessing, as they may, the lowest minds, proclaim to the country that the commanding officer at the battle of Okeechobee was afraid! that the Missourians suffered "great slaughter!" that the regular army is not calculated for the warfare! then it becomes necessary for some one to answer these slanders; and most glad are we to hear that General Taylor has resolved to call for a court at the earliest day practicable.

What possible motive could General Taylor have had to misrepresent the conduct of the Missouri Volunteers? Himself a western man, having spent a great share of his life almost among the Missourians; many of his warmest friends being citizens of that State; how is it possible he should wilfully and maliciously, or even accidentally, misrepresent their conduct on the day above alluded to? Possessing, as he did, nothing but the best feelings for the people of that State, is it not rather to be supposed he would go out of his way to uphold and excuse any deviation from rectitude, rather than blame them for acts of which they were guiltless? Such is the natural supposition. K.

THE FLORIDA WAR--CAPT. THISTLE.

MR. EDITOR:--A writer in your Chronicle of Thursday last, under the signature of 1., indulges in some ill-advised remarks on my late memorial, in which he assumes that I have reflected unkindly on the army in the late Florida campaigns.

If the writer will examine the memorial and accompanying documents, he will at once see the error into which he has fallen. So far form imputing any thing unfavorably to the army, my aim and my language therein have uniformly been complimentary to it. Although Mr L. fearlessly asserts what he knows, and the public likewise, to be a falsehood, that "the volunteers have never stood their ground in any instance of close contest." It is needless for me to say much on that subject, for the community will hold him up to scorn. "Facts are stubborn things," and it is high time they should be known and remembered. So much for Mr. L.

I will trouble the reader with only two instances in a campaign of three months, in 1836, which came under my own observation, wherein the volunteers stood their ground in close "contest with the enemy," viz: on the 29th February, 1836, on the banks of the Withlacoochee; for confirmation of which I can safely refer to Gen. Gaines, Col. Twiggs, Col Foster, Major Hitchcock, and Surg. Gen. Lawson, and many other officers.

Of my proposed plan of operations the public must judge; but my motive in an effort to relieve the army from duties onerous beyond all example, or even description, was certainly not a subject for censure.

The discrimination attempted to be made between the merits of the army and the volunteer forces, I shall not touch; nor shall I suffer myself to be drawn into a controversy with any writer who may assume so untenable and unprofitable a position.

The Philadelphia volunteers who served with me in Florida, and now tender their services again, enjoy as they deserve, and as has been fully manifested, the confidence and respect of the Government. In selecting me again to command them, it is seen with pleasure that their confidence has not been impaired.

If the writer be an officer, and is anxious to perform duties in the warm and inhospitable climate of Florida, I shall not dispute his taste, and surely not detract from the few and dearly bought honors to be gained there.

I shall say nothing of myself--my superior officers will give me all the merit to which I lay claim.

Very respectfully,
H. L. THISTLE,
Late Senior Capt. com'g Philadelphia Volunteers.

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.

FLORIDA WAR.
ST. AUGUSTINE, March 30--Lieut. Col. HARNEY, 2d dragoons, sailed for the military posts south on the 27th inst. Two Indians and a negro accompanied him, as guides and interpreter.

The 4th artillery is ordered north.

The Topographical survey of the military districts, as contemplated by Gen. TAYLOR, is rapidly progressing. A corporal attached to the command acting with Capt. MACKAY, T. E., was killed in the
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ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE. 237

Etanaya scrub, about a fortnight since. The Indians escaped.

General MACOMB is expected at Black creek today. It is said that the object of his visit is to hold an interview with the enemy. It is further stated that the General is furnished with dollars by way of closing the war.

It will be gratifying to the many friends of Major J. S. LYTLE, U. S. army, to learn that his health is greatly improved, since his residence in the island of Cuba. Recent letters inform us, that his recovery has been rapid; and indications will be holden out that he will be spared to continue an ornament to the service to which he belongs.--News.

SEMINOLES.--Steamer Buckeye passed up the river yesterday afternoon, having on board one hundred and forty-three Seminole Indians, besides sixty two negroes, owned by the Indians, bound to Fort Gibson. Capt. P. Morrison, Superintendant, L. J. Sere, conductor.--Natchez Free Trader, March 29.

Correspondence of the Savannah Georgian.
GAREY'S GERRY, E.F., March 29.
MY DEAR SIR: The transfer of the 4th artillery to the northern station has commenced. One company under the command of Lieut. Williams, embarked yesterday for New York harbor, in the schr. Thorn; Surgeon De Camp, medical officer. The remainder of the regiment will follow as they are relieved by companies of the 7th infantry; General Taylor is here.

The particulars of the loss of Lieut. H. J. PAUL, are given in the annexed letter:--N. Orleans Bulletin.

U.S. SHIP VANDALIA, off Tampico Bar, March 11th, 1839.

MESSRS. EDITORS: About one o'clock yesterday morning, being about forty miles to the northward and eastward of our present anchorage, acting Lieut. Henry J. Paul, whilst relieving the deck, lost his foothold and fell overboard from the poop.

In falling he struck the after gun and was so stunned that he was unable to reach the left buoy, which was cut away immediately by Lieut. Gist, and fell but a few feet from him. The ship was instantly hove to, and a boat lowered for the purpose of making search. During it absence blue lights and false fires were burned on board, and the sea was so lighted up that he might have been easily found. In an hour the boat returned with the left buoy, but our esteemed unfortunate mess-mate had sunk to rise no more. Very respectfully, your ob't servant,
J. VAUGHAN SMITH, Surgeon.

At a meeting of the Passed {Midshipmen on the Philadelphia station, on the occasion of the loss of Passed Midshipman HENRY J. PAUL, who accidentally fell overboard form the U. S. sloop of war Vandalia, while relieving the deck, and was drowned, it was unanimously
Resolved, That we feel deep sorrow for the untimely fate of our late brother officer, and see additional cause for regret in the manner of his death;
That we will wear the usual badge of mourning, in token of our respect for his memory;
That we will communicate a copy of these resolutions to his family, with the expression of our sincere sympathy for their bereavement.
WILLIAM S. RINGGOLD,
CHARLES CRILLON BARTON,
EDWARD S. HUTTER,
JOHN F. BORDEN,
GEORGE W. CHAPMAN,
HENRY CADWALADER.

The Norfolk Beacon contains the following list of officers attached to the U. S. frigate Constitution, bearing the broad pennant of Commo. ALEXANDER CLAXTON. Captain, Daniel Turner.
Lieutenants, E. W. Carpender, Wm. H. Kennon, R. R. Pinkham, Thompson D. Shaw, William Smith, Peter Turner.
Flag Lieutenant, Franklin Buchanan.
Fleet Surgeon, Thomas Dillard.
Purser, McKean Buchanan.
Acting Maser, George McCreery, P. Mid.
Assistant Surgeons, Charles D. Maxwell, Samuel Jackson.
Passed Midshipmen, James E. Brown, Lewis c. Sartoni, Montgomery Hunt, Maxwell Woodhull, Francis S. Haggerty.
Midshipmen, W. C. B. S. Porter, Silas Bent, Henry H. Harrison, George H. Cooper, John P. McFarland, John H. M. Madison, richard T. Renshaw, John S. Maury, Wm. A. McCrohan, Charles W. Bays, Martin Duralde, Aaron K. Hughes.
Chaplain, J. P. B. Wilmer.
Commodore's Secretary, Robert O. Glover.
First Lieutenant of Marines, J. C. Rich.

The U. S. ship CONSTITUTION, hearing the broad pendant of Commodore CLAXTON, will probably sail to-day and to-morrow for New York, bound to the Pacific. We wish Old Ironsides a happy time of it, and a speedy return, without incurring any such risks as are portrayed in the article in another column. The Constitution will not reach New York before the Great Western, if the latter left Bristol on the 23d ultimo, and may yet take out the special minister.--Norfolk Beacon, April 8.

OFFICERS--EXPLORING EXPEDITION.
Letter from the Secretary of the Navy, communicating information as to the pay and promotion of the officer of Exploring Expedition.
FEBRUARY 14, 1839--Read, and laid upon the table.
NAVY DEPARTMENT, February 14, 1839.

SIR: In compliance with a resolution of the House of Representatives of the 11th inst. directgin the Secretary of the Navy, "to inform this House what pay and emoluments are allowed to Lieutenant Wilkes, and the officers under his command, in the South-sea exploring expedition; and if any assurances have been given by the Department, that the acting appointments now held by them will be confirmed on their return to the United States; and whether the expedition is of a naval character or not," I have the honor to state:

That the pay and emoluments of Lieutenant Wilkes and the officers under his command, have not been increased by an authority derived from this Department, beyond those established by law:

That no assurances have been given by this Department, that the acting appointment now held by them will be confirmed on their return to the United States; but that, on the contrary, these appointments are expressly limited to the duration of this special service, and cease from the moment the officers are detached from the expedition:

And that the expedition is not of a military character, from the express terms of the law by which it is authorized; is strictly prohibited, by instructions, from engaging in hostilities, except in self-defence; and restricted to the peaceful purposes of extending the bounds of geographical knowledge, enlarging the sphere of science, and affording additional facilities to commercial enterprise.

Whether a consideration of the circumstances that most of the officers of the expedition were withdrawn from the coast survey, where they received additional pay; that they are engaged in a service of great exposure and probably hardship and privation, calling for the exercises of more than ordinary fortitude and endurance, shall entitle them to the emoluments which they sacrificed to enter upon this enterprise, when it is successfully accomplished, is for the wisdom and equity of Congress to decide.

I have the honor to be, with the highest respect, sir, your obedient, J. K. PAULDING.

Hon. SPEAKER of the House of Reps.
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239 ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.
=======
From the Globe.
   We publish Gen. Scott's letter to the Secretary of War, announcing the conclusion of an amicable and honorable adjustment of the difficulties which existed on our North-eastern boundary. To the high characters of Gen. SCOTT and Gen. HARVEY, who conducted this negociation, and to the personal relations of friendship and regard existing between them, as well as to the earnest desire of Governor Fairfield and his Republican friends to avoid a collision between the two great families of the Anglo-Saxon race, the country is indebted for this fortunate result. The matter is once again in the hands of the Federal Government, to which it rightfully belongs, and no doubt will receive the serious and prompt, attention which its importance merits.
----
HEAD QUARTERS, EASTERN DIV.,}
Augusta, Me., March 26, 1839}
   Sir: I have the happiness to enclose herewith two copies of the arrangement entered into through my agency, between the Governor of Maine and the Lieutenant Governor of the Province of New Brunswick.
   The copy of my official note to Sir John Harvey, with his acceptance of the arrangement, is in the hands of the Governor of Maine, and another copy of the same official note, followed by the acceptances of the Lieutenant Governor and the Governor, was yesterday transmitted by me to Sir John Harvey. At the same time I sent him copies of two orders which were yesterday issued by the Governor of Maine -- the first disbanding the thousand detached militia which has been held in reserve at this place, and the second recalling the military force of the State from the disputed territory; and directing the organization of the civil posse, that is to be held by the State in that territory. The papers so transmitted, and which bore the signature of the Governor of Maine, or that of the Adjutant General, were officially certified by me.
   I trust that the arrangement between the Governor and Lieutenant Governor, together with my humble agency in bringing it about, will be satisfactory for the President and the Department. The arrangement, I have no doubt, will be executed by the parties to it in good faith and in cheerfulness. In haste,
   I have the honor to remain
With high respect, your ob't serv't,
WINDIELD SCOTT.
Hon. J. R. POINSETT,
Secretary of War.
----
   As proof of the friendly disposition of the Governor of New Brunswick, we add the following:
GOVERNMENT HOUSE,}
Frederickton, March 23, 1839}
   My Dear GENERAL SCOTT: Upon my return from closing the session of the Provincial Legislature this day, I was gratified by the receipt of your very satisfactory communications of the 21st instant. My reliance upon you, my dear General, has led me to give my willing assent to the proposition which you have made yourself the acceptable medium of conveying to me, and I trust that as far as the Province and State respectively are concerned, an end will have been put, by it, to all border disputed, and a way opened to an amicable adjustment of the national question involved. I shall hope to receive the confirmation of this arrangement on the part of the State of Maine at as early a period as may be practicable; and as it is my intention to proceed to Woodstock early in the ensuing week, I request you to have the goodness to address it to me at that place.
   I shall certainly use my best endeavors to protect the timber on the valley of the St. John, within the disputed territory, from depredators, and shall probably place, for this purpose, a small civil force at the disposal of the warden.
   I grieve to learn that there is so little chance of my seeing you upon the present occasion; but I wish you to give me some ground for holding that I may have the high gratification at as early a period as may be compatible with your many important and arduous duties.
   Believe me to remain, my dear General, with sentiments of warm esteem, regard and respect, your faithful friend, J. HARVEY
   P. S. I readily consent to all my letters to you, being considered as semi-official, and thank you for the suggestion. J.H.
   Major General SCOTT, &c. &c.
----
From the Boston Daily Advertiser, Mar. 28.
   IMPORTANT FROM MAINE. --By the eastern mail of last evening, we have received the following, which we copy from the Augusta Tri-weekly Journal. It puts an end for the present to all the hostile measures on the frontier, and sets at rest all questions of controversy, until further instructions shall be received from the British Government. The troops of Maine will of course immediately return to their homes. Major Gen. Scott seems to have acted in the affair in the capacity of mediator.
HEAD QUARTERS, EASTERN DIVISION, U. S. A.}
Augusta, Me March 21, 1839}
   The undersigned, a Major General in the Army of the United States, being especially charged with maintaining the peace and safety of the entire Northern and Eastern frontiers, having cause to apprehend a collision of arms between the proximate forces of New Brunswick and the State of Maine on the Disputed Territory which is claimed by both, has the honor, in the sincere desire of the United States to preserve the relations of peace and amity with Great Britain -- relations which might be much endangered by such untoward collision -- to invite from his excellency Major General Sir John Harvey, Lieutenant Governor, &c. -- a general declaration to this effect.
   That it is not the intention of the Lieutenant Governor of Her Britannic Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, under the expected renewal of negotiations between the Cabinets of London and Washington on the subject of the said disputed territory without renewed instructions to that effect from his Government, to seek to take military possession of that teritory, or to seek by military force to expel therefrom the armed Civil posse, or the troops of Maine.
   Should the undersigned have the honor to be favored with such declaration or assurance to be by him communicated to his Excellency the Governor of the State of Maine, the undersigned does not in the least doubt that he would be immediately and fully authorized by the Governor of Maine to communicate to his Excellency, the Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick a corresponding pacific declaration to this effect: --
   That in the hope of a speedy and satisfactory settlement, by negotiation between the Governments of the United States and Great Britain, of the principal or boundary question between the State of Maine and the Province of New Brunswick, it is not the intention of the Governor of Maine, without renewed instructions from the Legislature of the State, to attempt to disturb by arms the said Province, in the possession of the Madawaska settlements, or to attempt to interrupt the usual communications between that Province and her Majesty's Upper Provinces; and that he is willing, in the mean time, to leave the question of possession and jurisdiction as they at present stand; -- that is, Great Britain, holding, in fact, possession of a part of said territory, and the Government of Maine denying her right to such possession; and the State of Maine holding, in fact, possession of another portion of the same territory, to which her right is denied by Great Britain.
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                 ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.     239
___________________________________________________
   With this understanding the Governor of Maine
without unnecessary delay, to withdraw the Military
force of the State from the said disputed territory--
leaving only, under a Land Agent, a small civil posse
armed or unarmed, to protect the timber recently cut,
and to prevent future depredations.
    Reciprocal assurances of the foregoing friendly
character having been, through the undersigned, in
terchanged, all danger of collision between the immediate
parties to the controversy will be at once
removed, and time allowed the United States and
Great Britain to settle amicably the great question of
limits.
    The undersigned has much pleasure in renewing
to his Excellency, Major Gen. Sir John Harvey, the
assurances of his ancient high consideration and respect
                                                WINFIELD SCOTT.
                          __
    To a copy of the foregoing, Sir John Harvey
annexed the following:
    The undersigned, Major General Sir John Harvey
Lieut. Governor of her Britannic Majesty's Province of
New Brunswick, having received a proposition
from Major General Winfield Scott, of the United States
Army, of which the foregoing is a copy, hereby, on his part, signifies his concurrence and acquiescence
therein.
    Sir John Harvey renews with great pleasure to
Major General Scott, the assurances of his warmest
personal consideration, regard and respect.
                                                     J. HARVEY.
    
        GOVERNMENT HOUSE, FREDERICTON,
                        New Brunswick, March 23, 1839.
                                     ___
    To a paper containing the note of Gen. Scott and
the acceptance of Sir John Harvey, Gov. Fairfield
annexed his acceptance in these words:--
                           EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT,
                                 Augusta, March 25, 1839.
    The undersigned, Governor of Maine, in consideration
of the foregoing, the exigency for calling out
the troops of Maine having ceased, has no hesitation
in signifying his entire acquiescence in the proposition
of Major General Scott.
    The undersigned has the honor to tender to Major General
Scott, the assurance of his high respect and
esteem.
                                                      JOHN FAIRFIELD.  
                              ___
    We learn that Gen. Scott has interchanged the acceptances
of the Governor and Lieutenant Governor,
and also that Governor Fairfield immediately issued
orders recalling the troops of Maine and for organizing
the civil posse that is to be continued, for the
time, in the disputed territory. The troops in this
town will also be immediately discharged.
                                ______
    NORTHEASTERN BOUNDARY.--- The following extract
from the Eclectic Review, published in London, February 1st, 1839, shows that there is no universally
established opinion in England, in favor
either of the validity of the British claim, or of the
great value of the territory claimed:
    "The Northeastern Boundary line has been a subject
of national controversy ever since the treaty of
Ghent in 1814. From the period of the definitive
treaty of peace, in the year 1783, thirty years before,
a question on that topic has never arisen. Nor
would any disputed claim have appeared to this day,
had it not been ascertained during the war of 1812 to
1815, that no land communication between Quebec
and Halifax existed, except through the Northern
part of the State of Maine, unless by a route so circuitous
that it is equivalent to a non intercourse. A
claim therefore, was commenced, for all that portion
of the country which thus formed a barrier to a nearly
direct route between Canada and New Brunswick.
    "Two facts in this connexion are remarkable.
The whole contested territory, at present, is not
worth a good farm near London or Boston, and the
treaty which defines the boundary is just as evident,
as water flowing in its natural course. A more easily
decided question can scarcely be proposed, because
the current of water is both visible and tangible."
    Now it is therefore cheering, that the British periodicals
coalesce with the judgment and feelings of
American citizens on this topic, and strenuously urge
the maintenance of concord.-- Boston Daily Advertiser.
                              ________
  The U.S. SHIP NATCHEL. -- From an officer on
board the Natchez, Capt. B. Page, we are in receipt
of a letter dated at Ponce, in Porto Rico, February
18th, 1839. This part had never been visited by an
American man-of war. The reception of the Natchez
was very flattering. The public authorities
came on board, and, from their hospitable treatment,
an impression was made that cannot fail to prove
serviceable to American commerce, as well as productive
of good to our citizens residing in Porto
Rico. The harbors touched at by the Natchez were
Guayama, Ponce, Patillas, Jobos, St. Bartholomew
and St. Thomas. In many of these, this was the
first appearance of an American ship of war. While
at St. Bartholomew's, the officers and crew of the
Natchez succeeded in saving an American vessel,
the I. H. Stevens, from shipwreck. She was on a
lee shore, in a perilous situation, and but for the assistance rendered must have been lost. While
on this cruise, the Natchez has extended relief
to many American vessels in distress. Her visits
to the different ports of the West Indies, where
an American ship of war was seen for the first time,
will no doubt benefit our commercial interests. The
urbanity and courteous deportment of Captain Page
and officers, left every where an impression that will
prove favorable to American character, and make
our Navy popular in those seas. The Natchez was to
sail in a few days for St Jago, Jamaica, &c., thence
to Pensacola, where her arrival may be expected
about the 28th inst. Officers and crew all well. --
New Orleans Bulletin.
                          ________
FROM TEXAS. -- The Texian steam ship of war
Zavala, Capt. Hinton, arrived at New Orleans on the
28th ult., from Galveston. The editors of the Commercial
Bulletin were favored with a file of the Galveston
Civilian up to the 22d ult., by one of the officers
of that ship, in which the prospects of Texas
were portrayed in a highly flattering manner. Emigration
was increasing, and a spirit of harmony and
tranquility seemed to pervade all classes of society.
Prosperity appears to be the prevailing feature in all
departments of business, and arrangements were in
progress for carrying on an extensive trade in cotton
with England.
    The subjoined is a list of the officers of the Zavala:-
        A. C. Hinton, Esq., Commander
        J. T. K. Lothrop, First Lieutenant.
        Thruston M. Taylor, Second Lieutenant.
        Edward A. Harrison, Third Lieutenant.
        Wm. Thos. Brannum, Esq., Purser.
        Ezra Read, Surgeon.
        Richard Bache, Esq., Commander's Secretary.
        Midshipmen -- Alfred A. Waite, Charles B. Snow,
Cyrus Cummings, Wm. Oliver, Charles F. Fuller,
Daniel E. Wilber, Henry A. Cobb. Judson A. Rowe,
Josiah Hoyle, Samuel Whiting, jr.
        John Dickinson, Purser's Clerk.
        James Pennoyer, Esq., Chief Engineer of the Republic
of Texas
        J. W. C. Parker, Captain of Marines.
        A. H. Moore, Second Lieut. of Marines.
                               ________
Page 34

240           ARMY AND NAVY CHRONICLE.
____________________________________________
    The following account of the distribution of troop in
Upper and Lower Canada, may be relied upon as
the West which has reached this country:
     DISTRIBUTION OF TROOPS IN CANADA.
                 LOWER CANADA-QUEBEC.
1st Batt. Coldstream Guards.
11th Regiment.
                 MONTREAL.
7th Hussars, La Prairie.
1st Royals 24th Regiment.
3d Dragoon Guards, Chambly.
1st Batt, Grenadier Guards, La Prairie.
15th Foot, Isle an Noix.
66th Do. St. Johns
71st Light Infantry, L'Acadie,
3 Companies 65th Regiment.
1 1/2 Company of Royal Artillery, with 3 12-pr.
       howitzers, and 3 6 pr.
20,000 Volunteers and Militia.
    The last five are formed into a brigade under Maj.
Gen. Macdonald, on the south side of the St. Lawrence, and constantly in motion.
                     UPPER CANADA.
1 Squadron of Dragoon Guards.
32d Regiment, Sandwich.
34th Do. Amherstburgh,
43d Light Infantry, Niagara frontier.
65th Regiment, (3 comps,) Sorel and Kingston.
73, 830 Do. Branford.
85th Light Infantry, London.
93d Regiment, Toronto.
18,000 Volunteers and Militia. -- United Service Gaz.
                         ________
    REVOLUTIONARY ARMY. -- We find the following
in an old Vermont paper. The number of regulars
furnished to the Revolutionary Army were-
    By New England,            147,441
    By the Middle States,       56,571
    By the Southern States,    56,997
    It appears by the above, that New England, consisting
of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode
Island and Connecticut, furnished more troops for the
defence of the country, than the other nine States by
3,872. The number of troops furnished by South Carolina
was 6,447 -- Massachusetts 67,907 -- Georgia
2,697 -- Connecticut 31,939!
                         ________
    ERRATA in vol. 8, No. 9, of Army and Navy Chronicl, Feb. 28, 1839.
    In Major J. D. Graham's report upon the Military
Reconnoissances of the frontier of Maine, page 132,
line 3, of table of latitudes and longitudes, for "Tachevan's house," read Thereon's house.
    In line 9, of same table, for "Western post office,"
read Weston post office.
    Page 132, line 16 from top, 2d column for "protection
of its sea coast defences," read perfection of its sea
coast defences.
    Page 132, line 58, 2d column for " all arguments,"
read all the arguments.
    Page 133, line 20, 2d column for "the wood ponds,"
read the Wood Ponds.
    Page 134, line 64 of 2d column for "Temisconia
lake," read Tenacquate (or Temisquola) lake.
    Page 135, line 55 of 1st column for "Western post
office," read Weston post office.
    Page 136, line 14 of 1st column for "His," read This
    {On comparing the Chronicle with the Document from
which the report was printed, we find that all these errata
were contained in the copy.}
________________________________________________________________
        MILITARY INTELLIGENCE
_______________________________________________________________
    Paymaster General.
Nathan Towson,              City of Washington.
    Paymasters.
B. F. Larned.                     Detroit, Mich.
T. J. Leslie,                        West Point, N.Y.
D.S. Townend,                   Boston, Mass.
Daniel Randall,                 Philadelphia, Pa.-on temporary 
                                                duty Red river.
Charles H. Smith,              Norfolk, Va.
A.A. Massias,                     New Orleans, La.
T. P. Andrews,                   City of Washington.
Edmund Kirby,                  Brownville, N. Y.
L. G. De Russy,                  Natchitoches, La.
R. A. Forsyth,                    Tampa Bay, Flo.
Adam D. Stuart,                St. Louis.
John S. Lythe,                   Sick-- on leave of absence.
Charles Mapes,                Tallahassee, Flo.
P. Muhlenberg,                Augusta, Ga.
Elbert Herring,                 New York.
Wharton Rector,              Van Buren, Ark.
Chris Andrews,                St. Augustine, Flo.
Donald Fraser,                 Tampa Bay, Flo,
     SUBSISTENCE DEPARTMENT.
    Commissary General.
George Gibson,        Washington.
    Assist Com-General.
James H. Hook,         Washington.
    Commissaries Majors
Joseph P. Taylor,        Louisville.
Thomas W Lendrum, Baltimore.
    Commissaries-- Captains.
Richard B. Lee,         St. Louis.
John B. Grayson,      New Orleans.
Amos B. Eaton,         Northern frontier.
John C. Casey,          Under orders for New York.
__________________________________________________
                           NAVY.
_________________________________________________
                        ORDERS.
    April 3 - Lieut. C. H. Kennedy, Cicero Price, C. C.
Turner, Passed Mid. E. G. Parrott, W. P. McArthur,
steamship Fulton.
    5 -- Comm'r. Isaac Mayo, to command the naval forces
destined to co-operate with the land forces in suppress
ing hostilities in Florida
    Surgeon S. Rapalje, Naval Hospital, New York.
    Surgeon W. Johnson, Navy Yard,    do
    6 -- Mill. M. C. Perry, steamship Fulton,
         U. S. VESSELS OF WAR REPORTED.
    MEDITERRANEAN SQUADRON -- Ship Cyane, Comm'r
Percival, at Marseilles, Feb 23 all well.
    WEST INDIA SQUADRON. -- Ship Levant, Hiram Paulding
Esq., commander, went to sea from Pensacola,
on Thursday afternoon, March 28, bound down the Gulf.
    Ship Boston, E. B. Babbit, Esq, commander, ready
for sea at Pensacola, and would sail 31st ult., for New York, 
via Havana.
    Packet schr. Woodbury, Lieut. Com'dt Nicholas, at
Tampico, March 14.
    Frigate Macedonian and ship Erie were making preparations
for scaland expected to sail in a day or two
______________________________________________________
                                    MARRIAGE.
______________________________________________________
    In Pensacola, on the 26th March, Lieut. STEPHEN
W. WILKINSON, of the U. S. Navy, to MARY
STUART, daughter of ISAAC MIDDLETON, Esq. of
that city.
____________________________________________________________
                                        DEATHS.
____________________________________________________________
    At the Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., on the 21st ult.,
JOSEPH L. OELLERS, youngest son of Capt. JAMES
P. OELLERS, of the U. S. Navy, aged 25 years.
    On the 25th ultimo, at Brooklyn, N. Y., of apoplexy,
THOMAS J. BOYD, M. D., Surgeon U.S. navy, 41
years of age.
             GENERAL ORDER -- NAVY YARD,
                New York, March 27, 1839.
     It is with sincere grief I announce to the officers
and men attached to this station, the sudden death of
Surgeon Thomas J. Boyd, who expired yesterday morning,
at 10 o'clock, from a fit of paralysis. Since he has
been with us on this station, his uniform gentlemanly
and amiable department, and the most perfect confidence
we all had in his professional acquirements, make
this bereavement sincerely to be deplored. His funeral
will take place this afternoon, at 4 o'clock, from his late
residence near the Hospital.
                   CHAS G. RIDGELY Com'dt.
    At Brooklyn, N. Y., on the 31st ultimo, in the 73d
year of her age, FRANCES, wife of FRANCIS HARMAN
ELLISON, of the U. S. Navy, and eldest daughter of the
late A. L. BLEECKER.
Page 35

8786
Revolutionary
INVALID
File No, 8786
Moses Kelley
Priv Rev War
Act: June 7 1882
Index: Vol [illegible]
Page 202
Page 36

State of Indiana
Clay County ss

Benjamin Wheeler aged eighty years and a resident of said county and state being duly sworn in open court by the order of and before the Hon Amory Kinney, president Judge of the Seventh Judicial Circuit of Indiana and Nicholas C Cromwell and associate judges of our said County of Clay, the said Court being a Court of record and now sitting.  Upon his oath aforesaid deposeth and saith that he became acquainted with Moses Kelley in Baltimore County in the state of Maryland, (being the same Moses Kelley who made a declaration for a pension on the 8th day of October 1833 in [illegible] county.) in and about the year 1776, that he was in the same company with said Kelly under command of Captain Thomas Marshall and Lieutenant David Guess, that they rendizvoused at Baltimore city from whence they marched to the main army under General Washington near Germantown,, that in this company he knew said Kelly to serve about three months, that so far as he can recollect said Kelly was a good soldier, and was regularly discharged at Baltimore on their return, and further this affiant saith not. 
Sworn to and subscribed this 29th day of October 1833
Benjamin (his mark) Wheeler
And the said court declares that the above affidant was duly made in open court and that the said affiant is entitled to credit and of the age he states.
Oct 29th 1833
A. Kinney, Prin, Judge for 7th Judicad circuit law
Daniel Wools
Associate Judge of Clay County and U S [illegible] Judge Clay County
Test: Jesse McIntire Clk
Page 37

State of Indiana
Clay County
I, Jesse McIntire, Clerk of the Clay Circuit Cour do certify that the foregoing in the original proceedings had in said court in relation to the application of Moses Kelly of Owen County, Indiana for a pension.  Given under my hand and the adopted seal of said Court at Office in Bowling Green this 29th day of October 1833.
Jesse McIntire, Clk

I believe the foregoing certificate to be the handwriting of McIntire, whose Christian name I do not recollect, but presume Jesse, the authorized and duly commissioned clerk of the circuit court of Clay County, Indiana. 
Washington City, Dec 9, 1833
Jno Erving
Page 38

The Secretary of War desires the Commissioner of Pensions to make him a report, if in his Power, before  3.0 Clock today in the case of Moses Kelley, to whom a a pension certificate was grated on the 14th  of Decr 1833 as a private in the pension line, it is believed during the revolutionary war. The old man has called to see this day to present a claim  to increase a pension and the Sec has promised him to look into his case  as to give him an answer tomorrow morning, and it is the wish of the Sec to have such report [illegible]  will enable him to decide upon the  merits of this claim to increase.

By order of the Dept.
Very respectfully
J. T. Cochrane

May 22d 1839

I think in Ohio at Cincinnati
Page 39

Franklin Bank of Cincinnati
22d April 1837

Sir,

The enclosed pension voucher of Moses Kelley who is a pensioner under the act of 7th June 1832 is for your information which if found correct you will please return to this Agency wiht an order for payment.

I am Yours,
very respectfully
John H. Groesbeck P Agt
By R. W. Laurence

J. L. Edwards Esqr
Commissioner of Pensions
Washington
Page 40

Moses Kelley
Ohio [crossed out] Indian
[illegible] 25,235           Free

CINCINNATI MAR 17  0 [stamp]

[illegible] Lewis Cass  Secretary of War
Washington 
Mentam

March 24, 1835
Pension Office

am? Mar. 26th 1835
Page 41

[illegible]

Cincinnati March 18th 1832

Mr. Caps

Sir, I have been very ill of late but am getting some better my respect to you that these few lines may find you enjoying those Blessings Heaven affords called Health you wished me to write you a answer and the reason why I left Indianna [Indiana]  I will now tell you. Indianna was not my place of residence and the reason why I was to receive my pay. There is meat I had to go there to hunt up two of my old messmates one lived in our County the other in Clay County.
Before I could find those men I hunted 28 days and it was a matter of corse [course] that there the business  was to be transacted this man was my Proof and I never was thare [there] before me Since my friends have told me hat I can receive my money in any State by writing to you and by having my Papers transferred to me my residence is in and about Cincinnati and has been for twenty odd years Please remember me that it not been for some kind friends this winter I might of suffered  I have not had one Dollar since last fall  I have ever since been cast upon the cold  charity of of this unfriend by  want and a man of your age and experience must knowhow many Degrees the  thermometer stands below zero when Penniless and in my 82nd year my portion is but small it is better than none  Pray redress my grievances I have drawn nothing sine last March Then I Drew $1.09/6 cents my lawyer and friend set my Papers from them and then had to go to Indianapolis and imploy authorizing before I could get it

Moses Kelley
Page 42

good will. Please let me know if you want me to return the Papers you sent me to draw my money in Indiana if so. I will