Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty Land Warrant Application File S. 10575, James Dowling, Penn.
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(3-1776)

Service Penn.
Dowling, James
Number S 10575

Pensioner in Vt.
Carded
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CONTENTS
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Vermont 18.893
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James Dowling of Rutland Co in the State of Vermont who was a pr in the company commanded by Captain Romayne of the Regt commanded by Col Wayne in the Penna line for 1 yr. private $40.00
decd spring of 1834

Inscribed on the Roll of Vermont at the rate of 40 Dollars -- Cents per annum, to commence on the 4th day of March, 1831.

Certificate of Pension issued the 21st day of Octr. 1833 and sent to R. Temple, Rutland, Vt

Arrears to the 4th of Sept 1833 100.00
Semi-anl. allowance ending 4 Mch 1833 20
$120.00 [double underlined]

{Revolutionary Claim,} 
{Act June 7, 1832       }

Recorded by J.T. Sprague Clerk,
Book E Vol. 3 Page 60
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James Dowling
1 year, artillery
16500
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STATE OF VERMONT,
RUTLAND COUNTY, SS.
On this 27th day of August A.D. 1832 personally appeared in open Court before the Judge of the Probate Court of Rutland Dist. now sitting, James Dowling a resident of the County of Rutland and State of Vermont, aged 81 years, who being first duly sworn according to law, doth on his oath make the following declaration, in order to obtain the benefit of the act of Congress, passed June 7, 1832.
That he entered the service of the United States under the following named officers, and served as herein stated. In 1775 he lived at a place called Little Britain in the County of Chester State of Pennsylvania & in the spring or summer of that year he enlisted at Philadelphia into Capt Romayne's company of Artillery, Capt. Lt. Jones, Lt. Donald, Col. Wayne: Regt for one year, and marched through New Jersey & up the North River to Ticonderoga, Thence through the Lake Champlain to St. Johns - Ticonderoga- thence through the Lake Champlain - Chambly & Sorel & in the spring of 1776 retreated with the American army to Ticonderoga, thence to Philadelphia, where he was discharged after serving one year. He received a written discharge, but has lost it. He was born in Ireland, in the County of Kilkenny & came to this country when he was about 21 or 22 years old, but he has forgotten the date of his birth.  He has no documentary evidence & knows of no person whose testimony he can procure who can testify to his services; since the revolutionary war he has lived most of his time in Vermont, & for the last thirty years he has lived in Middletown in this county of Rutland, & is known to most of the people there--the clergyman of this place has recently died.
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He hereby relinquishes every claim whatever to a pension or annuity except the present, and declares that his name is not on the Pension Roll of the Agency of any State.
James Dowling [signature]

Sworn to and subscribed the}
day and year aforesaid.         }
R.C. Royce Reg

We Samuel Willard residing in Middletown and Jeremiah Leffingwell residing in the same place, hereby certify, that we are well acquainted with James Dowling who has subscribed and sworn to the above declaration; that we believe him to be 81 years of age; that he is reputed and believed, in the neigbourhood [sic] where he resides, to have been a soldier of the Revolution, and that we concur in that opinion.
Samuel Willard [signature]
Jeremiah Leffingwell [signature]

Sworn and subscribed the }
day and year aforesaid.      }
R.C. Royce Regt

And the said Court do hereby declare their opinion, after the investigation of the matter, and after putting the interrogatories prescribed by the War Department, that the above named applicant was a Revolutionary soldier, and served as he states. And the Court further certifies, that it appears to them that Samuel Willard who has signed the preceding certificate, is a credible person, resident in Middletown and that Jeremiah Leffingwell who has also signed the same, is a resident in Middletown and is a credible person, and that their statement is entitled to credit.

I Rodney C. Royce Regt. of the Court of Probate do hereby certify, that the foregoing contains the original proceedings of the said Court in the matter of the application of Amos Dowling for a Pension.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal of office this 5th day of Oct. A.D. 1832
R.C. Royce [signature]
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James Dowling
Rutland Co Vermont
Proof of service
notified

[written sideways on left-hand side of page]
To Col Wayne the claim could not be admitted without some evidence
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War Department, Pension Office, 183
Sir:
The evidence in support of your claim, under the act of June 7, 1832, has been examined, and the papers are herewith returned. The following is a statement of your case in a tabular form. On comparing these papers with the following rules, and the subjoined notes, you will readily perceive that objections exist, which must be removed, before a pension can be allowed. The notes and the regulations will shew what is necessary to be done. Those points to which your attention is more particularly directed, you will find marked in the margin with a brace, (thus: } ). You will, when you return your papers to this Department, send this printed letter with them; and you will, by complying with this request, greatly facilitate the investigation of your claim.

A Statement, shewing the Service of James Dowling

Period when the service was rendered. 1775
Duration of the claimant's service.  1 year artillery 
Rank of the claimant. Private
Names and Rank of the Company officers under whom he service. Capt. Romayne
Names and Rank of the General and Field officers. Col. Wayne
Battles in which the applicant was engaged.
Country through which he marched. Marched from Philadelphia to N. Jersey at the North river to Ticonderoga.
Place of abode when he entered the service, and age at the present period. 81 years, Chester County Pennsylvania
Evidence by which the declaration is supported. Traditionary 2 witnesses
I am, respectfully,  Your obedient servant,
J. L. Edwards, Commissioner of Pensions.

As there is no evidence of an artillery service under command of Col Wayne, the claim could not be admitted without some evidence.
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REGULATIONS UNDER THE ACT OF JUNE 7, 1832.

The following regulations have been adopted:
This law has been construed to extend, as well to the line as to every branch of the Staff of the Army, and to include under the terms "Continental Line," "State troops," "militia," and "volunteers," all persons enlisted, drafted, or who volunteered and who were bound to military service, but not those who were occasionally employed with the army upon civil contracts, such as Clerks to Commissaries and to Store Keepers, &c. Teamsters, Boatmen, &c. Persons who served on board of Private Armed Vessels are also excluded from the benefits of the law, as well as persons who turned out as patrols, or were engaged in guarding particular places at night, and were not recognized as being in actual military service.
Four general classes of cases are embraced in this law:
1. The Regular Troops.
2. The State Troops, Militia, and Volunteers.
3. Persons employed in the Naval service.
4. Indian Spies.
As rolls of the regular troops in the Revolutionary War exist in this Department, all persons, claiming the benefit of this law as officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians or privates, will in the first instance, make application by transmitting the following declaration, which will be made before a Court of Record of the County where such applicant resides. And every Court having by law a seal and Clerk is considered a Court of Record.

DECLARATION,
In order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress of the 7th of June, 1832.

State, Territory, or District of } ss.
County of

On this day of personally appeared (a) before A. B. a resident (b) of in the county of and State, Territory or District of aged (c) years, who being first duly sworn, according to law, doth on his oath make the following declaration, in order to obtain the benefit of the provision made by the act of Congress, passed June 7th, 1832. That he enlisted in the Army of the United States in the year (d) , with and served in the (e) regiment of the line, under the following names officers:

[Here set forth the names and rank of the Field and Company Officers; the time he left the service; (and if he served under more than one term of enlistment, he must specify the particular period, and rank and names of his officers;) the town or county and State in which he resided when he enered the service; the battles, if any, in which he was engaged, and the country through which he marched. This form is to be varied so as to apply to the cases of officers and persons who belonged to the militia, volunteers, navy, &c.]

He hereby relinquishes every claim (f) whatever to a pension or an annuity, except the present, and he declares that his name is not on the Pension Roll of any Agency in any State, or (if any) only on that of the Agency in the State of
Sworn to and subscribed the day and year aforesaid. A. B.
[And then will follow the certificate of the Court.]
And the said Court do hereby declare their opinion (g) that the above named applicant was a revolutionary soldier, and served as he states.
I of the Court of do hereby certify (h) that the foregoing contains the original proceedings of the said Court in the matter of the application of for a pension.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal of office (i) this day of &c.

If, on examination of the proper record the names of applicants, making such declaration, cannot be found, they will produce such proof as the rule given in note (j) points out.
Every applicant who claims a pension by virtue of service in the State Troops, Volunteers or Militia, except those who belonged to the New Hampshire Militia and State Troops of Virginia, will make and subscribe a declaration similar to the foregoing with the following additions, viz:

(k) We, A. B., a Clergyman, residing in the and C. D. residing in (the same) hereby certify, that we are well acquainted with , who has subscribed and sworn to the above declaration; that we believe him to be years of age; that he is reputed and believed, in the neighborhood where he resides, to have been a soldier of the Revolution, and that we concur in that opinion.
Sworn and subscribed the day and year aforesaid.

[And then will follow the certificate of the Court.]

And the said Court do hereby declare their opinion, after the investigation of the matter, and after putting the interrogatories prescribed by the War Department, that the above named applicant was a Revolutionary Soldier, and served as he states. And the Court further certifies, that it appears to them that A. B. who has signed the preceding certificate is a clergyman, resident in the and that C. D., who has also signed the same is a resident in the and is a credible person, and that their statement is entitled to credit.
I, Clerk of the Court of do hereby certify that the foregoing contains the original proceedings of the said Court, in the matter of the application of for a pension,

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal of office, this day of &c.
Every applicant will produce the best proof in his power. This is the original discharge or commission; but if neither of these can be obtained, the party will so state under oath, and will then procure, if possible, the testimony of at least one credible witness, stating in detail his personal knowledge of the services of the applicant, and such circumstances connected therewith, as may have a tendency to throw light upon the transaction.
If such surviving witness cannot be found, the applicant will so state in his declaration (l) and he will also, whether he produces such evidence or not, proceed to relate all the material facts which can be useful in the investigation of his claim, and in the comparison of his narrative with the events of the period of his alleged service, as they are known at the Department. A very full account of the services of each person.
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will be indispensable to a favorable action upon his case. The facts stated will afford one of the principal means of corroboration the declaration of the applicant, if true, or of detecting the imposition, if one be attempted; and unless, therefore, these are amply and clearly set forth, no favorable decision can be expected. All applicants will appear before some Court of Record in the County in which they reside, and there subscribe and be sworn to one of the declarations above provided, according to the nature of his case. The Court will propound the following (m) interrogatories to all applicants for a pension, on account of service in the Militia, State troops, or volunteers, except the Militia of New Hampshire and the State troops of Virginia. 
1. Where and in what year were you born?
 2. Have you any record of your age, and if so, where is it? 
3. Where were you living when called into service; where have you lived since the Revolutionary war, and where do you now live?
4. How were you called into service; were you drafted, did you volunteer, or were you a substitute? And if a substitute, for who? 
5. State the names of some of the Regular Officers, who were with the troops, where you served; such continental and Militia Regiments as you can recollect, and the general circumstances of your services. 
6. [To a Soldier {Did you ever receive a discharge from the service, and if so, by whom was it given, and what has become of it? [To an Officer {Did you ever receive a commission, and if so, by whom was it signed, and what has become of it? 
7. State the names of persons to whom you are known in your present neighborhood, and who can testify as to your character or veracity, and their belief of your services as a soldier of the Revolution. 
The Court will see that the answers to these questions are embodied in the declaration, and they are requested to annex their opinions of the truth of the statement of the applicant. The applicant will further produce in Court, if the same can be done, in the opinion of the Court without too much expense and inconvenience to him, two respectable persons - one of whom should be the nearest clergyman, if one lives in the immediate vicinity of such applicant, who can testify, from their acquaintance with him, that they believe he is of the age he represent, and that he is reputed and believed in the neighborhood to have been a Revolutionary soldier, and that they concur in that opinion. If one of these persons is a Clergyman, the Court will so certify, and they will also certify to the character and standing of other persons giving such certificates. 
The traditionary evidence of service is deemed very important, in the absence of any direct proof, except the declaration of the party. And the Courts are requested to be very particular in the enquiry whether the belief is general, and whether any doubts have ever existed upon the subject. 
Applicants unable to appear in Court, by reason of bodily infirmity, may make the declaration before required, and submit to the examination, before a Judge or Justice of a Court of Record of the proper county, and the Judge or Justice will execute the duties, which the Court is herein requested to perform, and will also certify that the applicant cannot, from bodily infirmity, attend the Court. 
Whenever any official act is required to be done by a Judge or Justice of a Court of Record, or by a Justice of the Peace, the certificate of the Secretary of State or Territory, or of the proper Clerk of the Court or County, under his seal of office, will be annexed, stating that such person is a Judge or Justice of a Court of Record, or a Justice of the Peace, and that the signature annexed is his genuine signature. 
No payments can be made on account of the services of any person, who may have died before the taking effect of the act of June 7, 1832; and in case of death subsequent thereto, and before the declaration herein required is made, the parties interested will transmit such evidence as they can procure, taken and authenticated before a Court of Record, showing the services of the deceased, the period of his death, the opinion of the neighborhood respecting such services, the title of the claimant, and the opinion of the Court upon the whole matter.
 [a] The declarant must appear in open Court, unless prevented from doing so by reason of bodily infirmity; in which case the declarant will follow the rule laid down for his guidance. [b] The declarant must make his declaration in the county where he resides. If he should fail to do so, he must assign a sufficient reason for not conforming to the rule.
 [c] The age of the claimant must invariably be mentioned.
 [d] The declarant must mention the period or periods of the war when he served. 
[e] Every continental officer or soldier must give the name of the Colonel under whom he served; otherwise a satisfactory examination of the claim cannot be had. 
Every claimant must state, with precision, the length of his service, and the different grades in which he served, in language so definite as to enable the Department to determine to what amount of pension he is entitled. In a case where the applicant cannot, by reason of the loss of memory, state precisely how long he served, he should amend his declaration by making an affidavit in the following words: "Personally appeared before me, the undersigned, a Justice of the Peace, &c. A. B. who, being duly sworn, deposeth and saith, that, by reason of old age, and the consequent loss of memory, he cannot swear positively as to the precise length of his service; but, according to the best of his recollection, he served not less than the periods mentioned below, and in the following grades: For ____ year ____ months, and ____ days, I served as a ____. For ____ months and ____ days, I served as a ____' and for such service I claim a pension." It is important, in all cases, to determine with precision the period of which each applicant served, and the particular rank he held, as the law directs the pension to be paid according to the grade of the pensioner and the length of his service. The use of the phrase about three or four months, is too indefinite, and all such qualifying expressions are objectionable. Some persons who apply for pensions merely state that they served two years in the militia, &c. without specifying the tours, the names of the officers, and other particular respecting their service. This form of a declaration is highly objectionable. It must, in every case, be clearly shown under what officers the applicant served; the duration of each term of engagement; the particular place or places where the service was performed; that the applicant served with an embodied corps called into service by competent authority; that he was either in the field or in garrison; and for the time during which the service was performed, he was not employed in any civil pursuit. 
[f] The law makes the relinquishment indispensable.
 [g] The opinion of the Court is always required. 
[h] The Clerk must give his certificate in every case. 
[i] The Clerk must affix his seal, and if it has no device or inscription by which it can be distinguished from any other seal, or if he has no public seal of office, the certificate of a Member of Congress, proving the official character and signature of the certifying officer, should accompany the papers. Mode of authenticating papers. In every instance where the certificate of the certifying officer who authenticates the papers is not written on the same sheet of paper which contains the affidavit, or other papers authenticated, the certificate must be attached thereto by a piece of tape or narrow ribbon, the ends of which must pass under the seal of office of the certifying officer, so as to prevent any paper from being improperly attached to the certificate. Proof of Service. 
[j] In a case where the name of the applicant is not found on the records of the Department, he must prove his service by two credible witnesses who are required to set forth in their affidavits the time of the claimant's entering the service, and the time and manner of his leaving the same, as well as the regiment, company, and line to which he belonged. The magistrate who may administer the oaths must certify to the credibility of the witnesses, and the official character and signature of the magistrate must be certified by the proper office, under his seal of office.
 > The notes from [a] to [i] are all equally applicable to the cases of Militia men, Volunteers and State Troops. 
The proof required by rule in note [j] applies to continental troops only. 
[k] This traditionary evidence is indispensable in militia cases. 
[l] If a witness cannot be found, the declarant must state the fact. 
[m] The answers to the interrogatories must all be written, and sent to the War Department, with the declaration.
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Newspaper Clipping
[header - "For the Country"]
[Article]
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but Pizarro, Goliah and Douglass soon came up, and were locked for three miles.
Considerable dejection depicted itself in the countenances of those who had "staked" their mite on Goliah's success, when Pizarro rushed by his rivals in a style that received the shouts and plaudits of a great concourse of visitors, and won the heat by at least two lengths - Dolly Dixon second best.
The same horses started in the second heat, Pizarro, taking the lead, but his former competitor Dolly Dixon again brushed up and ran nose and tail for nearly three miles, when she became fatigued and lagged back, leaving the contest to Goliah, who passed her and was evidently gaining on his antagonist, but little "Bobtail' had got too far ahead to be overtaken, and won the heat and race by about thirty feet.
Suicide. = On Wednesday evening, Mr. Daniel Hubbard, late street inspector of the Thirteenth Ward, committed suicide by firing a pistol through his head, while sitting upon the stoop of Alderman James Palmer's store. He survived about half an hour. The cause of this rash act is not known. The Alderman saw him about three minutes before sitting on the stoop, and asked him how he was. He said he was well. He asked how his family were. He answered that they were well. He then asked him to walk in and take a seat in the store. He said it was warm enough there. Let this prove a caution to the lovers of strong drink; the deceased was an intemperate man. - [Commercial.]
Some two years since, in the town of Fall River, Mass., John Webster hired a horse of William Newhall, to go from that place to Providence. On his return, and after he had crossed the river, and landed at the ferry, the horse became restive, backed into the river and was drowned. Newhall immediately [rest of column cut off]
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public establishments with which a merchant has b....siness, are within a stone's throw of each other....his precious time is greatly economised by this ju.... position. Therefore let well alone. But if there is to be a change, let it be to the water's edge. If the ..Custom House must be elsewhere than in Wall st., let it be on some block on the East River, with appropriate wharves in front, and warehouses attached, so that vessels arriving with cargoes to be ware-housed, may discharge opposite to them, and the wear and tear of goods, as well as expense of cartage....be saved to the importer.
If change is to be made-which we think unadvisable - let this be the change; and let the sincerity of those who profess to desire the City Hall as the most convenient place for a Custom House be vested by the manner in which the proposition for this change strikes them.
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ATTEMPT AT ROBBERY.--An attempt was made this morning at 1.2 past 8 o'clock to rob the office of Mr. J. B. Wood Broker No. 29 Wall st. by a man who entered the office, as the clerk, a son of Mr. Wood, (who was absent) 14 years of age, was distributing the money from the trunk into the drawers and inquired "what they paid for sovereigns;" the young man answered him, and then went on with his work, when the fellow struck him a severe blow on the left side of his head with a piece of iron about one inch in diameter, and fourteen inches long, which staggered him a little when the fellow grasped several packages of money and attempted to make off; but the young man sprung over the counter after and so near him, that the thief threw the money over the country behind the iron chest and, fled, the boy close behind, holloring [sic] stop thief!  A crowd immediately pursued up William and thence into Pine street, where the villain, finding himself close pressed, ran through a store hoping to escape by the yard; but a store six stories high faced him, and he was unresistingly taken and conveyed to the police office, where he was recognized as an old acquaintance, named 
George Fosdic.  The lad was not much hurt, the falling of the crown of the cloth cap having broken the force of the blow.   
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[For the New York American.]
Mr. Editor--Politicians are ever busy in creating popular excitement.  No sooner is one agitating question settled, than another is raised, which is productive of the most rancorous party warfare, and the most lamentable dissensions.  By the frequent occurrence of these bitter animosities, the feelings of men become too must enlisted in the cause of the individual interests.  One section of the country arranged against another, and uncompromising animosity and hatred is generated in the breasts of the opposing parties; the claims of honor and of patriotism are hushed in the tumult of conflicting local interests, and ignoble self becomes the ruling passion of man.   No grateful incense ascends from the alt[rest of word cut off]  of the public good--no holy sacrifice of selfishness is offered at the shrine of patriotism; but every better feeling of nature is merged in the one of self-agrandizement;[sic] and man is totally absorbed in view of mere personal interest.    
The tariff question has, by the patriotic efforts of Mr. Clay, been brought to a happy settlement; a [word cut off] with that question has ended the first act of the tragic comedy, Nullification.  Tranquillity [sic] has scarcely been restored, when a new and more thrilling question than the last is raised--even the slave question of all others the most momentous and alarming.
Northern philanthropists not finding sufficient employment in the exercise of their manufacturing and mercantile avocations, kindly devote their leisure moments to the instruction of southern patriots. The South becomes enraged, and tells Jonathan & Co to mind their own concerns and be--.  The indefatigable North still persists in its philantropic [sic] exertions, and then the welkin rings with boasts of southern rights and southern valor--
--tantas audetis tollere moles?
Quos ego--

The seeds of dissension humanely furnished by the North, are thickly sown by the planters at the South.  The people are soon incited to rebellion by [word cut off] orators and fiery journalists--and the game is closely followed up by desperate politicians.  The frenzy increases, it glows warmly, and at length is fanned into a flame.  Then the whole South is kindled in one great blaze, which burns brighter and brighter so long as the North furnishes combustible matter.
There is another measure much talked of at the moment, which will be a consequence of others that be persisted in.  This supposed measure is nothing less than a grand Southern confederacy, whereby the South will constitute itself a distinct republic from the United States.  If the other questions are agitated, this one will drop off for the present; for it is an ascertained fact, that two epidemics cannot rule at the same time.  It is to be regretted, however, that honest politicians should openly give credence to the existence of such a scheme, and then make themselves instrumental in bringing about such a fatuitous project.  It is especially painful to such a respectable newspaper as the New. York American, engaged in encouraging  a speculation of this nature.  It is no doubt the part of an honest politician to be vigilant in discovering the danger to which his country is exposed; but he should never give preference to an opinion which is not susceptible to mathematical demonstration.  It is highly improper to say the least [rest of sentence is illegible]
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[first part of paragraph is a repeat of previous page--it begins new as follows:]

to say the least, to frighten the community with mere bugbear; and I think the Editor of the American, contrary to his usual course, has done so in this present instance.  He has raised a shout of--Rescue, rescue! when there was nothing to be apprehended and the whole community has pursued a phantom the shape of a confederacy which threatened to overturn this glorious Union.

The ultra agitators have eagerly seized upon the plausible notion, and taking for granted the existence of such a scheme, are now laboring to force excitement on the subject.  The collared Globe [word cut off] a freight, and the prospective gentleman of the [word cut off] Verrons Enquirer, the man of loaves and fishes, extends great tribulation at so sorrowful a prospect.

But admitting the truth of such a scheme--should it be impressed upon the public mind so much in advance?--Cui bono?  It is a good rule in [word cut off] not to disturb a piece which your adversary overlooks;--not to rouse a sleeping lion, who may attack you at the next moment.  The more such a plo[rest of word cut off] this is talked about, the more will it be invigorated if it really exist:  nothing increases the strength of anything, however weak, like opposition and persecution:  it instills new life and new courage into the party opposed; and men take sides who were being indifferent.

And now, Mr. Editor, may I hope that you excuse the liberty I have taken in commenting on the course pursued by you, and that the rem [rest of word cut off] here offered may induce you to abandon the p[rest of word cut off] complained of, "unless good cause to the contrary thereof be showed?"
Entertaining this hope, I have the honor to be
Your ob't serv't,
We refer the unknown writer of B to the extent we publish to-day from a speech delivered by Senator George McDuffie in the South Carolina Convention, for  [bottom line cut off]
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same time throwing a cent upon the counter,) I'll take that fine plump fellow at wholesale."--[Alb. Daily Advertiser.]

Mr. Kean and his son appeared lately at Covent Garden Theatre in the character of Othello and Iago.  The house was extremely full.  Mr. Kean the father, for a time sustained the character of Othello with all his former energy, but at the commencement of those energetic passages, when under the infuriating sensations of jealousy, he became completely overcome by exhaustion, and was obliged to quit the stage.  Mr. Warde took up the part at the interruption and went through  with it to the conclusion.  The Iago of Mr. Kean, Jr. deserves a favorable report, many parts of the character being very well played.  The house evinced much sympathy with regard to the elder Mr. Kean.--[London paper.]
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[From the Encyclopedia Americana.]
ANTHONY WAYNE,
A distinguished general in the American army, was born in the township of Eastown, Chester county, Pennsylvania, January 1, 1745.  His father was a farmer of great respectability, and passed a long life of usefulness to his country, having frequently occupied a seat in the provincial legislature, and repeatedly distinguished himself in expeditions against the Indians.  His grandfather was a warm friend of liberal principles, and commanded a squadron of dragoons, under King Williams, at the  memorable battle of the Boyne.  He emigrated to America in 1722.  The subject of this sketch received a good education, though, for some time after his entrance into school, he spent much more time in planning and executing military amusements, than at his books; but, in consequence of a threat of his father to consign him to the drudgery of the farm, he applied himself assiduously to study, and in mathematics, attained great proficiency.  After leaving the Philadelphia academy, at eighteen years of age, he took up his residence in his native county, and commenced the business of a surveyor, in which he acquired great reputation and success, devoting also a portion of his time to practical astronomy and engineering.  On these subjects he left manuscripts, which have obtained high commendation from adequate judges.  He likewise filled some county offices, and too a very active part in the preparation for the struggle which resulted in the independence of these United States.  He was one of the provincial deputies, who, early in the year 1774, were chosen by the different counties of Pennsylvania to take into consideration the alarming state of affairs between Great Britain and her colonies and report concerning it; and a member of the Pennsylvania convention, which shortly afterwards assembled at Philadelphia, and excited powerful emulation in the other colonies.    In the same year he was chosen a representative of Chester county, in the provincial legislature, and , in the summer of 1775, was appointed a member of the committee of safety, to whom the duty appertained of calling into actual service the associators (as they were termed,) and providing for the defence of the province against invasion from abroad and insurrection at home.  Being desirous of serving his country in a military capacity, to which his natural bent was strong, he retired from civil employment in Sept. 1775, and raised a company of volunteers, of which he was unanimously elected colonel.  In January of the ensuing year, he was appointed, by congress, colonel of one of the regiments which they had resolved to raise in Pennsylvania, and, at the opening of the campaign, received order to join the army under general Lee, at New York.  Thence he proceeded with his regiment to Canada. and shared in the unsuccessful attack upon the enemy at Three Rivers (conducted by general Thompson,) on which occasion he was wounded, and distinguished himself for his bravery and good conduct igniting and bringing off the broken troops.  After the retreat from Canada, and the departure of Gates to join Washington's army, he was entrusted, by general Schuyler, with the command of the fortresses of Ticonderoga and Mount Independence.  On Feb. 21, 1777, he was promoted, by Congress, to the rank of brigadier general.  He continued in command of Ticonderoga and its dependencies until the month of May, when, in consequence of his earnest solicitations, he was allowed to join the main army, under Washington, in New Jersey, where he was immediately placed at the head of a brigade, which he made every exertion to bring into the field in the highest state of discipline.--
After the British retreated from New Jersey, the commander in chief complimented him on his bravery and good conduct.  As soon as the object of the next movement of Sir William Howe was developed, general Wayne, in pursuance of the directions of Washington, left his brigade under the next in command, and proceeded to Chester, in Pennsylvania, to arrange the militia who were to rendezvous there.  In the battle of Brandywine (Sept. 11, 1777,) he commanded a division stationed at Chad's ford, for the purpose of resisting the passage of the column under Knyphausen.  He maintained the contest with the utmost gallantry until near sunset, when, at length, overpowered by numbers, and perceiving the enemy, who had defeated the right column of the American army, approaching his flank and rear, he was compelled to retreat.  A few days afterwards (on the 16th,) Washington determined to try the fate of another battle; and, both armies being arrayed in Goshen township, Chester county, on the road leading from Philadelphia to Lancaster, the action was commenced with great spirit by Wayne, who led the advance.  It was soon arrested, however, by a violent storm, which rendered it impossible to keep the field.  On the 20th, Wayne, in pursuance of  the orders of the commander-in-chief, to move forward upon the enemy, and endeavor to cut off his baggage, took an excellent position, with 1500 troops, including militia, a mile south of the Warren tavern, and 
[does not seem to pick up at the right spot]
command.  In July of this year, he was intrusted, by the commander in chief with the execution of a design which he had formed for attacking the strong post of Stony Point, on the Hudson river.  For the details of is success in carrying the fort (on the 15th of July) by a night assault, and making the garrison prisoners with bayonets alone, without firing a single gun, we must refer to the history of the times.  In the attack, he was struck by a musket ball on the forehead, which grazed the skull nearly two inches in length, just under the hair.  He fell, but instantly rose on one knee, exclaiming, "Forward, my brave fellows, forward!"  Then, in a suppressed voice, said to his aids, "Assist me:  if mortally wounded, I will die in the fort"  They did so, and the three entered amongst the foremost troops.  The wound fortunately proved slight.  The thanks of Congress, and a gold medal emblematic of the action, were presented to Wayne for his "brave, prudent, and soldierly conduct." At the end of the year 1779, the corps of light infantry was dissolved; and, soon afterwards Gen. Wayne resumed his command in the Pennsylvania line.  During the campaign of 1780, he was constantly actively employed; and, in that of 1781, which ended in the capture of Cornwallis and the British forces at Yorktown, he bore a conspicuous part.  He was sent by Washington to take command of the forces in Georgia, where the enemy were making formidable progress.  After some sanguinary encounters, he accomplished the establishment of security and order, and was presented by the Legislature of the State with a valuable farm for his services  Peace soon after followed, when he retired to private life.  In 1789, he was a member of the Pennsylvania Convention, and an advocate of the present Constitution of the United States.  In 1792, he was appointed by Washington the successor of Gen. St. Clair in the command of the army engaged against the Indians on the western frontier.  It was at first supposed that his ardor would render him an unfit opponent of a foe remarkable for caution.  He soon, however, proved the incorrectness of this idea.  He established admirable discipline among his troops, and by his wise and prudent measures in preparing for an engagement, and the skill and bravery with which he fought and gained the battle of August 20, 1794, near the River Miami of the Lakes, he brought the war to a completely successful termination. In 1795, he concluded a definitive treaty of peace with the Indians.  Gen. Wayne died in December, 1796.
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NEW-YORK AMERICAN
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WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 8, 1833.
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[beginning part of this newspaper article is a repeat of the last page[
[picking up with new transcription:]

He made every arrangement to prevent a surprise; but the British, having received full intelligence of his movement from traitors, and being faithfully piloted by them, contrived to attached him unawares, with superior numbers, and obliged him to retreat after an obstinate resistance:  but his troops formed again at a small distance.  This affair having caused some to attach blame to him, he demanded and obtained a court martial, by whom it was unanimously decided, that he had done "everything that could be expected from an active, brave, and vigilant officer, under the orders which he then had;" and he was therefore acquitted "with the highest honor."  At the battle of Germantown, he evinced his wonted valor, leading his division into the thickest of the fight, and in covering the retreat, he used every exertion which bravery and prudence could dictate.  His horse was killed under him within a few yards of the enemy's front, and he received two slight wounds, in the foot and in the hand.  During a large portion of this campaign of 1777, owing to a combination of circumstances, he performed alone the duty of three general officers.  About the middle of February, 1778, when the army was in winter quarters at Valley Forge, and suffering miserably from want of provisions, he was detached with a body of troops to New Jersey, in order to secure the cattle on the eastern banks of the Delaware, and to destroy the forage which could not e removed lest it should fall into the hands of the enemy.  This was a most hazardous and arduous enterprize [sic] within the limits of the enemy's lines, and in a district of country subject to his control whenever he chose to exert it; but he cheerfully proceeded to execute the orders of the commander-in-chief and literally carried on a winter campaign beyond the reach of any aid.  After several skirmishes with the enemy, in all of which was successful, he succeeded in sending to camp several hundred head of fine cattle, many excellent horses, suited for cavalry service, and also in securing a quantity of forage, and destroying much more, for the whole of which, for the well affected, he executed certificates in due form. He returned to the army about the middle of March and, with his officers and soldiers received the thanks of the commander in chief.  In all councils of war, general Wayne was distinguished for supporting the most energetic and decisive measures.  In that which was held before the battle of Monmouth, he and general Cadwallader were the only two of the seventeen general officers who were in favor of fighting.  This engagement added to his reputation, his ardor and resolution having been so conspicuous that Washington mentioned him with particular distinction in his official report to Congress.  In 1779, Washington, having formed a corps of light infantry, composed of a select body of troops from the different regiments of the army, appointed general Wayne to its
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Admit by acting commr,
Priv. Authority
/ year
R. Temple
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Rutland Co. Oct. 3, 1833
Sir
Enclosed you have the returned cases of Rufus Ross with additional proof of services, & that of James Dowling, which I will thank you to re examine.
The latter state the year's service in Wayne Regt. of Artillery, & marched from Philadelphia to Ticonderoga & Canada &c. He has mistaken the year, as I presume it must have been in 1776 instead of '75.  You will see that the Dr. Crump memorandum that proof was required because you had no evidence of an Artillery service under Col. Wayne. I accidentally discarded a biographical notice of Genl. Wayne from the Encyclope.. Americana, which I enclose. The passage which I have marked shows he served as stated by Dowling. This, I think, should give the most perfect confidence in the fidelity of Dowling's
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statements. He is an ignorant man, & has lived near 50 years in Vermont. If he had been disposed to fabricate a story, he would naturally have made it up of incidents heard from his neighbors - but his services as narrated are entirely without a parallel case within my knowledge; and one which he could not have fabricated with such historical truth. He is extremely poor & cannot look for proof among his comrades in Pennsylvania. I hope therefore his case may be admitted without further proof.
I am his respectfully,
Your obt. servt.
R Temple [signature]

J. L. Edwards Esq
Comm. of Pensions
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10575
INVALID
Rev War [written in left-hand margin]
[initialed in right-hand margin]
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File No. 10,575
James Dowling
Pri Rev War
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Act: June 7th 32
Index:-- Vol. A, Page 100

[Arrangement of 1870.]