The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg, Va.), 1775-04-28 00:00:00

VIRGINIA
GAZETTE.
ALWAYS FOR LIBERTY,
AND THE PUBLICK GOOD.
ALEXANDER PURDIE, PRINTER.
CONSTANTINOPLE, January 18. BY accounts from Marshal Romanzow's camp, the last division of the troops were upon their march to Poland. If the overflowings of the Niester has not prevented them, they are by this time out of the Turkish dominions. We have had a great fall of snow, and an unusual cold season.
Moscow, Jan. 23. On Saturday last, the 21st instant, the rebel Pugatcheff, and four of his accomplices, were executed according to their sentences. Pugatcheff, and his principal associate, named Perfliet, were beheaded; the three others were hanged; eighteen were knouted, and sent to Siberia, amongst whom was an officer who had been instrumental in fomenting the rebellion. As soon as Pugatcheff was brought upon the scaffold, the detail of his crimes and his condemnation were twice deliberately read; he acknowledged the justice of his sentence, and declared to the people, in a short speech, that he was not the person he had given himself out to be, but that he was a Don Cossack, by name Pugatcheff. His head is fixed on an iron spike over a wheel, on which his body and Perfliet's are placed; and his limbs are exposed in four different parts of the town, where they are to remain till to-morrow; when, it is said, all the bodies are to be burnt, together with the scaffold. The whole of this execution passed without the least tumult, and tranquillity seems to be perfectly re-established. A general pardon is said to have been published in the provinces which were the seat of rebellion.
ROME, Jan. 28. The fine yacht which is to carry the Duchess of Kingston and her suite to England is arrived in the Tiber, where numbers of people go to see it. That Lady, it is said, will soon set out for London, to carry on her suit there, and then returned hither again.
MADRID, Jan. 31. The following is some farther account of the proceedings before Melille:
One of the frigates of Don Francisco Hidalgo de Cisneros did great damage to the enemy's camp, by keeping a continual fire; but as soon as the Moors perceived she was going to remove, they fired several bombs at her from the two mortars on the small point, but without doing her any damage. In the night of the 11th, they set fire to our palisadoes, in revenge for our setting fire to their intrenchments on the 9th; and all would have been consumed, if Capt. Don Antonio Manso, with Ensign Don Ferdinand Moyano, and six active men, had not found means to extinguish it. The enemy sprung part of the mine they are directing against our advanced forts; they surely could not hope to hurt either the forts La Victoire or La Rosaire thereby, which are not in the least damaged, any more than our mines. The bombardment still continues.
LEGHORN, Feb 4. Advice has been received here, that the Moors have been defeated before Melille.
ENAMOUR, in Caramania, Nov. 12. Courjoui Pacha is arrived within these few days in the capital of this province, at the head of 10,000 Turkish troops. He levies great
contributions in every place through which he passes, and the capital will be charged at least 100 purses. This Pacha, who is furnished with orders from Constantinople, seizes on his route all the Agas who had rendered themselves independent, and who had tyrannised over the people. He has stripped them of the sums which they had illegally amassed, and afterwards struck off their heads. This has caused a consternation all around, and every officer is terrified at his approach. In the meantime, he in no wise oppresses the people, and makes his troops observe the most exact discipline.
BRESLAW, Feb. 8. Letters from Poland advise, that the Empress of Russia has given leave to Field-Marshal Count de Romanzow to assist at the rejoicings and festivals to be given at Moscow, on occasion of the conclusion of the peace. The publick entry of that great General will be very brilliant, and will follow that of the Empress. That Princess will receive him on horseback, and the General will not alight from his. They will both pass under two opposite triumphal arches, and will meet in that interval that parts them. One of these arches has cost 15,000, and the other 28,000 roubles.
VERSAILLES, Feb. 26. We are informed, by a courier which arrived here the 22d, that Cardinal Braschi, born at Cesena, in 1717, was elected Pope the 15th instant, and has taken the name of Pius VI.
LONDON, February 2.
YESTERDAY the Upper Assembly was crowded below the bar at half after two o'clock, in expectation of Lord Chatham making a motion respecting America. At two, his Lordship made his appearance; and, after waiting an hour for the several members of Administration, he acquainted the House, that he had a bill of a conciliating nature in his hand, which he proposed to submit to their consideration. He now entered very fully into the main objects it had in view, apologised for the rude unformal manner in which it was drawn up, entreated their indulgence and assistance to model and bring it into form, and reminded them that it was in performance of a promise he had given the last day, which then seemed to be well received, of proposing to their consideration some wide, extensive, comprehensive plan of reconciliation.
When his Lordship had finished, he delivered in the bill at the table. The title of it was read, and is as follows: "A provisional bill for quieting the troubles in the American colonies, and for asserting the legislative supremacy and controlling superintending power of the British Parliament over the same."
The bill is directed to a variety of important objects, but the two main points on which it principally turns are, the repeal of the declaratory act of 1766, which asserts the supremacy of the British Parliament in all cases whatsoever, and substitutes in its place a supremacy directed to acts of mere legislation and control only, and to make it lawful for a Congress to meet at Philadelphia on the 9th of May next, where
the whole continent of America (the infant colonies and Quebec excepted) should acknowledge this restricted supremacy, and grant a certain benevolence or sum of money to his Majesty to be under the disposal of Parliament, and to be employed towards alleviating the publick burthens which the mother country now labours under.
Lord Dartmouth consented that the bill should lie on the table, and be taken into consideration on some future day, after the papers referred to his Majesty were read and considered.
Lord Sandwich opposed this strenuously, said he had received letters a few days since, informing him that vessels were now loading at Amsterdam, L'Orient, and Rochford, the cargoes of which were intended for America; that all conciliating measures were to no purpose, and that he should therefore move that the said bill be rejected in the first instance.
A very able and well supported debate ensued, which continued till three quarters after nine o'clock; when the question being put, there appeared for Lord Sandwich's amendment: Contents 61, proxies 7, in all 68; non-contents, 32; so the bill was rejected, by a majority of 36.
The Lords who voted in support of Lord Chatham's plan of reconciliation were the following: The Dukes of Cumberland, Richmond, Devonshire, Portland, Manchester, Northumberland; Marquis of Rockingham; Earls of Stamford, Abingdon, Scarborough, Cholmondeley, Stratford, Tankerville, Stanhope, Effingham, Fitzwilliams, Temple, Radnor, Spencer, Chatham; Lords Abergavenny, Ferrers, Craven, Romney, King, Fortescue, Ponsonby, Lyttleton, Wycombe, Sondes, Milton, Camden. In all, 32.
Yesterday the Speaker of the House of Commons took the chair, about half past two o'clock; near an hour was taken up in swearing members who had not yet taken their seats.
Mr. Lascelles presented a petition similar to the first received from Birmingham, purporting to be "the petition of the Mayor, Aldermen, and inhabitants of the town of Leeds, Halifax, and other parts of the West Riding of Yorkshire, praying that the laws respecting America might be enforced."
He moved, "that it might be referred to the committee to which the North American merchants petition was referred."
Mr. Charles Fox moved an amendment, "that it might be referred to the committee to whom the papers presented by Lord North were referred;" which amendment passed in the negative.
Mr. Hartely then presented a counter petition from "the merchants, traders, manufacturers, and other persons concerned in the trade of North America, residing in Leeds, Halifax, and other parts of the West Riding of Yorkshire," which petition on be moved might be referred to the last-mentioned committee; but Mr. Jenkinson moved an amendment, that it be referred to the former, which amendment passed in the affirmative.

An altercation ensued between Mr. B--ke and Sir William B---t, as to a Mr. T---t, who had signed the Birmingham petition; they were both very warm in support of their arguments, but were called to order by the Speaker.
Mr. Sawbridge made his annual motion for leave to bring in a bill for shortening the duration of Parliaments. He was seconded by Mr. Alderman Oliver, and followed by the Lord Mayor, Mr. Moyley (member for Bath) and Serjeant Glynn. The conversation was over in less than an hour, not a syllable being offered on the part of Administration; and the question being put, the House divided, Ayes 100, Noes 195.
Lord North afterwards presented papers received on Tuesday from America, the titles of which being read, they appeared to be "letters from General Gage, of the 26th of December; from Annapolis, of the 30th of December; and from Philadelphia, of the 31st of December."
The members were most of them about to quit the House, when Lord North acquainted the House "that he should next day make a motion, in consequence of the said papers."
The House then went into a committee on the American papers, and finished reading the whole about seven o'clock, at which time they adjourned until this day.
An authentick letter from Cuba says, that the Governor of that island has prohibited the entrance of any English Guinea-men into any of the ports of that island, or the importation of negroes from Africa.
Private letters from St. Vallery, in France, mention that two subjects of Britain, a Scotchman, and an Irishman, had been arrested there, and conveyed to Paris under a strong guard; they are suspected of high crimes against the state.
Feb 4. The substance of the address moved for by Lord North on Thursday night, in the House of Commons, is as follows:
"To return his Majesty thanks for laying the American papers before them; that, after taking them into consideration, we find that an actual rebellion now exists in America; that we see, with concern, that they are encouraged by unlawful combinations; that their conduct is inexcusable, when we see with how much good temper his Majesty and his Parliament have acted; that we can never relinquish any of the authority which is vested by law in his Majesty, and the British Parliament; that we will support his Majesty against all rebellious attempts; that we have been always ready to afford them all reasonable indulgence, when properly applied for, &c. &c. Mr. Charles Fox, with great spirit, moved, as an amendment to Lord North's motion, "that an address might be presented to his Majesty, thanking him for the communication of the American papers, but deploring that the information they had afforded served only to convince the House that the measures the Ministry had adopted tended rather to widen than heal the unhappy differences which had for so long a period subsisted between Great Britain and America, and praying a speedy alteration of these measures." Another amendment was proposed, to leave out certain words; on which the House divided, Ayes 304, Noes 105. Then the question for the address was agreed to, on a division, 296 against 106.
The following circumstance is strictly true. In September last, one Collings, a farmer at Eastree in Hertfordshire, married a wife, who died in three weeks; and in a fortnight after he was married to another woman, who died on Christmas day last; in a month after he married a third wife, who died about a fortnight since; and the morning after her burial he married a fourth.
WILLIAMSBURG, April 28. BY a ship just arrived, in a short passage from Ireland, we have the following agreeable intelligence, viz. That the Ministry are gradually relaxing, and mat-
ters respecting America begin to wear a more cheerful aspect on the other side of the Atlantick; and that the two Houses of Parliament were to have a free conference, to debate on the propriety of adopting a plan of accommodation between Great Britain and the American states, proposed by the immortal Lord CHATHAM, to which, it was generally supposed, they would accede. The Captain farther informs, that the transports which were bound for America, and had been sent to Ireland to victual, were ordered to wait for farther orders.
Extract of a letter from a merchant in London, to his correspondent in Virginia, dated Feb. 28.
"You will, no doubt, hear that Lord North has held out an olive branch to the Americans (as it is called here) for conciliatory measures to be adopted; but how they are to be brought about, I know not. There is at this time a great contest in Parliament, between the landed and commercial interests. The latter is little thought of, and the general cry is now in favour of empire; which is indeed truly ridiculous, without trade to support it. Our committee is still kept open, though we have been hitherto unsuccessful. The Speaker of the House of Commons tells a friend of mine, he thinks some principal persons of the nation should be sent over to America, to meet the Delegates in Congress, in order, if possible, to settle the unhappy differences. God send something may be done. I am very well informed, that the King is alarmed; and, perhaps, that may have been the cause that the olive branch is sent out. The manufacturers and labourers in our metropolis are greatly exasperated at the proceedings of Parliament; in short, a general confusion prevails here, amongst all ranks of people."
Extract of a letter from London, dated March 3.
"The present unhappy disputes must, I think, shortly be drawn to a conclusion. However, from the present temper of the Ministry, and the variety of opinions prevalent among all ranks of people, it is impossible to form any just idea of their intentions; for while they are preparing an armament with one hand, they are holding out terms of reconciliation with the other. But, be assured, that nothing is more dreaded by them than unanimity among you."
Another letter, from London, dated the 4th of March, says:
"Yesterday reports prevailed that the people of New York had absolutely protested against the proceedings of the Continental Congress, and had made application for Parliamentary aid; at which your friends here (who, I may venture to say, are two thirds of the most sensible people) were greatly alarmed."
The Randolph, M c Nabb, and Virginia, Arthurs, are just arrived from London, the former in James river, the latter in York.
Marriages. ] Mr. HUBARD WYATT, of Prince George, to Miss KATHARINE COCKE, of the same county.
Deaths. ] Mrs. ELIZABETH BLAND, spouse to Col. Richard Bland, of Jordan's, in Prince George; a Lady not more distinguished by her good sense and sweetness of temper, than for the many virtues which adorned her character through life.
JAMES BURWELL, Esq; of King's creek, near this city.
ADVERTISEMENTS.
NEWCASTLE, April 28, 1775. WANTED immediately, two vessels, one of 3, the other of 5000 bushels burthen, the former for Boston, the latter for Britain. For terms inquire of
2
JOHN SYME.
For SALE, on long credit, THE HOUSE and LOT in this city where Mr. William Hornsby lately lived. For terms, inquire of the Printer.
To be SOLD cheap, for ready money, A COLLECTION of valuable Books, either separately, or together; a portfolio of engravings, etchings and mezzotintos (chiefly proofs) by the most celebrated masters; several articles of mahogany furniture, &c. a three year old chestnut colt by Valiant, a year old bay filly by Fearnought, both from a high-blooded mare, and a very light and strong single chair; the property of Samuel Henley, of William & Mary college, who intends to leave the colony soon.
FOR SALE, THE BRICK HOUSE and its appurtenances, near the Capitol in Williamsburg, belonging to the daughters of the late John Palmer. For terms apply to me, in Charles City. (4) JOHN TYLER. Indian Fields, April 11, 1775.
AS I intend to leave the colony as soon as I can settle my affairs, I must earnestly request all persons indebted to me on my own account, or in partnership with Mr. William Maitland, to discharge their balances by the ensuing meeting of the merchants. As there are probably some who may not have it in their power to comply with this request, it is expected they will give bond for what they owe, which will in some measure answer my purpose, and enable me to support my credit in future.----- The goods I have on hand, amounting to upwards of 600l. sterling, I would gladly dispose of at a low advance, and allow twelve months credit, the purchaser giving bond with approved security. ROBERT MILLER.
WILLIAMSBURG, April 28, 1775. I INTEND to leave the colony immediately. JOHN KATHER.
OSCAR STANDS at my house, near Peterburg, and will cover mares from this time till the end of the season, at a pistole the single leap, the money to be paid down; or three pistoles, payable in October, for the season. He is a horse of great size and activity, a fine sorrel, and in high order.
"He was got by young Snip, his dam by Lord Morton's Arabian, his grandam by old Crab, his great grandam by the bald Galloway, his great great grandam by Dailey's Arabian, out of bay Bolton's dam." JOHN BANISTER.
VIRGINIA, to wit. At a general court held at the Capitol, the 13th day of April, 1775.
Joseph Wharton, of the city of Philadelphia, merchant, plaintiff, against Richard Ford, and Co. of the city of London, merchants, George Moore, and Co. of Alicante, merchants, Peter Trotter, and Co. merchants, John Marsh, Esq; and John Syme, Esq; defendants,
THE defendants, Richard Ford and Co. George Moore and Co. Peter Trotter and Co. and John Marsh, being beyond sea, on the motion of the plaintiff, by his counsel, it is ordered that the other defendant, who hath effects of the said Richard Ford and Co. George Moore and Co. Peter Trotter and Co. and John Marsh, in his hands, as is suggested, do not pay, convey away, or secrete such effects, until the farther order or decree of this court; that the said defendants, Richard Ford and Co. George Moore and Co. Peter Trotter and Co. and John Marsh, do appear here on the first day of the next court, to answer the plaintiff's bill; and that a copy of this order be within 15 days inserted in the Virginia Gazette, for two months successively, and published on some Lord's day, immediately after divine service, in the church of the parish of St. Paul, in the county of Hanover, and be also posted up at the front door of the Capitol, in the city of Williamsburg.
BEN: WALLER.

Williamsburg, April 25, 1775. S OME time in February last, I gave my bond, in a very imprudent and rash manner, to Mr. John Holt , merchant in this city, for the sum of 105 l. payable the 25th of October, together with a bill of sale for the three following negroes, to wit, Little Lucy , Daniel , and Grace ; and whereas I find that I have been greatly imposed upon, and cheated, by the said Holt , in the goods that I purchased of him, they being sold at a very high advance: This is to forewarn all persons from taking an assignment of the said bond, or purchasing any of the above mentioned slaves: as I am determined not to pay the same, unless compelled so to do by a regular and due course of law.
5|| WILLIAM DAWSON.
Fifty dollars reward. STOLEN from the subscriber, living in Cumberland county, Guilford township, in Pennsylvania, a dark bay stallion COLT , three years old this spring, some mixture of white hairs in his face, light about the mouth and hips, is fourteen hands high, trots, paces, and gallops, but has neither brand nor ear mark. There was a saddle and bridle on him when taken, with a light coloured sur-tout coat, with some red in it mixed in the wool, and is home-made cloth. I will give for the horse, if brought home, 20 dollars and charges; and for the thief, if secured so as he be brought to justice, 30 dollars. 1|| JAMES YOUNG.
Williamsburg, April 14, 1775. I HAVE on hand a neat assortment of GOLD and SILVER WORK , which I will sell cheap, for ready money.
All kinds of JEWELLERY WORK , particularly MOURNING RINGS , is made at my shop, in the newest taste; and MINIATURE PICTURES are set in gold and silver.
CLOCKS and WATCHES cleaned and repaired there likewise.
JAMES CRAIG.
ROBERDEAU & JACKSON Have for sale at their new distillery, in the town of Alexandria, on the river Potowmack, in the colony of Virginia,
ALEXANDRIA RUM, WHICH they engage equal in quality, either in strength, agreeable smell, and good flavour, to any made on this continent. They will be much obliged to the venders of that article for their custom, which they hope to merit, as well by the goodness of their rum, and the moderate profit they design to sell at, as their constant endeavours to give general satisfaction.
*** They propose to sell for cash only, or country produce delivered at the distillery.
G I F T
STANDS this season at the subscriber's, and will cover at 12 s. 6d. the leap, and 40 s. the season. Good pasturage gratis, but I will not be answerable for those that stray, or any accidents whatever.
JOHN C. COCKE.
James City, April 21, 1775.
F O R S A L E, A SET of very fine BLACK COLTS , and another of BAYS , all of the best breeds, and from 3 to 4 years old, with long tails, and just broke; also a set of young BAY HORSES , that are large and strong, and go very well. Inquire of the Printer.
James City, April 21, 1775. STRAYED , or stolen, from the subscriber, on Monday last, a likely bay MARE , five years old this spring, about fourteen hands and a half high, one or both hind feet white, a hanging mane and switch tail, and branded on the near buttock TB in a piece. Whoever delivers her to me, in this county, shall have 20 s. and for the thief 5 l.
JOHN C. COCKE.
For S A L E, T HE high blooded horse DOTTEREL . He is full fifteen hands three inches high, and remarkable for the strength and beauty of his form, being in every respect worthy of his high descent, which is from the best stock in England, as may be seen by his pedigree in the hand-writing, and signed by, Sir John Pennington , who bred him. The Gentlemen of the turf are well acquainted with Dotterel's performances in Great Britain, and that he was esteemed the swiftest horse in England, Eclipse excepted. He is remarkable for getting colts, and they are uncommonly beautiful, and fit for the turf or the road. The above mentioned pedigree may be seen, and the terms of sale made known, to any person inclined to purchase, by applying to the steward at Stratford , the seat of the late Honourable Philip Ludwell Lee , Esq; in Westmoreland county. (4)
For S A L E, A NEW BRIG , burthen about 115 tuns, now on the stocks, and ready for launching. Her upper timbers are altogether of black walnut, cedar, locust, and mulberry. The terms of sale will be made known to any person inclining to purchase, by applying to the steward at Stratford , the seat of the late Honourable Philip Ludwell Lee , Esq; in Westmoreland county. (4)
F O R S A L E, A TRACT of LAND, containing 3000 acres, whereon is a plantation which has employed, for some years past, twelve or fourteen slaves; this tract lies in the upper end of King William county. Also a tract lying in the lower end of the said county, containing 1100 acres, and pleasantly situated on Pamunkey river; a brick dwelling-house, with necessary offices, a fishing shore, and a lively fertility of soil, recommend the latter tract to any Gentleman who may be about to settle in life. Possession will be delivered on the 25th of December next, to the purchaser, or purchasers, who will have liberty of sowing fall grain. Mr. Benjamin Grymes , jun. of Orange , will make known particulars to any person who may be inclined to purchase the whole, or any part of the said tracts. Credit till the first of January 1777 will be allowed, by
JUDITH ROBINSON. (tf.) LUCY ROBINSON. BENJMIN GRYMES, jun.
To be SOLD, in the town of Richmond, on Tuesday the 2d of May, if fair, otherwise next fair day, pursuant to the will of the late James Gunn,
A VALUABLE tract of land, supposed to contain about 400 acres, within three miles of the town, and conveniently situated otherwise; ten exceedingly likely NEGROES , men and women; a great variety of valuable household and kitchen furniture, flocks of horses, cattle, and hogs. Credit will be allowed, for all sums above 5 l. till the first of October 1776, the purchasers giving bond, with approved security, to bear interest from the day of sale, if not discharged by the 25th of the month in which they become payable.
TURNER SOUTHALL, JAMES LYLE, JAMES BUCHANAN, PATRICK COUTTS, JOHN PENDLETON, jun. } Executors.
*** The creditors are requested to make known their demands to John Pendleton , jun. in Richmond.
STOLEN out of the subscriber's cornfield, in Orange county, near the courthouse, about the first of December last, a bright bay HORSE about four feet eight inches high, four years old this spring, dockt, and branded on the near buttock with the bottom of a woman's stirrup iron. He is very gentle, and has been rode a little. Whoever will inform me where I can get the said horse shall have 20 s. or if brought to my house 40 s.
|| JAMES TAYLOR , senior.
FIFTY VERY LIKELY S L A V E S
Among them four valuable tradesmen, will be sold at Richmond fair, for ready money, by the SHERIFF of King William county. 2||
R UN away from the subscriber, at West Point , in King William county, the 21st of last December, a very likely Virginia born negro man, named MIKE , about 22 years old, six feet high, and stutters much; had on, when he went away, a suit of negro cotton, but may probably change his clothes. I forewarn all masters of vessels from carrying him out of the colony. Whoever brings the said negro to me shall have 3 l. reward, besides what the law allows, and if taken out of the colony 10 l. (tf.) JOHN WEST.
Ten pounds reward.
R UN away, two convicted servant men, just imported from London , in the Justitia , Capt. Kidd , lying at Leeds town, viz. WILLIAM PEARCE , a stout likely fellow, five feet eight or nine inches high, red hair, fair complexion, tolerably well dressed, and about 25 years of age.
RALPH EMANUEL , about six feet high, a likely strong made man, darkish coloured hair, well dressed, with a chocolate coloured surtout coat and red cape, a little tarred, a bound hat with a black band round it, and about 22 years of age. They left the company in which they were traveling a few miles above Leeds town, and both will endeavour to pass for sailors. To those used to the smell of servants just from a ship, they will be easily discovered, unless they have procured new clothes. I will give 6 l. for securing, or 10 l. for bringing both home, and half for each. All masters of ships are forbid harbouring them, at their peril.
ANDREW LEITCH.
Dumfries, April 6, 1775.
Fifty six dollars reward.
R UN away last night from the subscribers, living near Bush river, Harford county, Maryland . Seven English servant men, viz. JOHN BROWN , about 35 years of age, about five feet eight inches high, has black hair, large temples, narrow chin, and thick lips, used to the sea, and a great swearer.
ABRAHAM PETERS , about 28 years of age, about five feet nine inches high, has black hair and beard, of a swarthy complexion, his left hand somewhat perished and lame, says he is a Jew , and talks very good Dutch .
JOHN COOLEY , about 22 years of age, by trade a plasterer, about five feet eight inches high, round faced, and well set.
WILLIAM CHILDS , about 21 years of age, about five feet six inches high, a carver and gilder by trade, but meanly dressed,
THOMAS ABLE , about 25 years of age, about five feet five inches high, has a remarkable red face, very rotten teeth, is a great talker, and very much pitted with the smallpox.
WILLIAM BLANCHLET , about 27 years of age, about five feet four inches high, thin visaged, sharp nose, black hair and beard.
THOMAS SHARP , about 15 years of age, about five feet three inches high, fair complexion, and had on a green coat turned up with blue. They had, and took with them, a country square-barrelled smooth bore gun rifle-stocked, one pistol, and other fire-arms. Several of them have hobnails in their shoes. Whoever takes up the said servants, and secures them, so that their masters may get them again, shall have, if taken ten miles from home, 10 l. if out of the county 14 l. and if out of the province the above reward, or in proportion for each, including what the law allows, paid by us,
Buckler Bond. Thomas Saunders. Thomas Bond. Ben. Bradford Norris. William Smithson. ||

WILLIAMSBURG, April 15, 1775.
THE subscribers, having this day entered into partnership, beg leave to acquaint the publick in general, and their friends and neighbours in particular, that they intend practising PHYSICK and SURGERY to their fullest extent, and that they intend also, as soon as the situation of the times will admit, to keep full and complete assortments of DRUGS and MEDICINES, which they will endeavour to procure of the very best in quality, and will take care to have them fresh, by making several importations in the year. It is proposed that John M Galt shall pay his particular attention to surgery, to whom our friends are desired to apply on all such occasions, but will be advised and assisted by W. Pasteur in all difficult cases. They both desire to make their most grateful acknowledgments to their friends and customers for the many favours and civilities they have received, and hope, by this union they will be enabled to carry on their business to the entire satisfaction of their friends, as on their part the strictest assiduity and attention shall be observed. PASTEUR & GALT.
TAKEN up, in Pittsylvania , a sorrel MARE eight or nine years old, four feet eight or nine inches high, paces naturally, and branded on the near shoulder 3, with a stroke on the top. Also a bay MARE colt two years old, neither dockt nor branded. A roan HORSE colt two years old, neither dockt nor branded. A black stone COLT two years old, neither dockt nor branded. Posted, and appraised, the sorrel mare to 16l. the bay mare colt to 8l. the roan colt to 5l. the black stone colt to 3l.
WILLIAM LYNCH.
TAKEN up, in Cumberland , a dark bay MARE about twelve years old, four feet six inches high, a switch tail, her mane has been roached, shou before, and branded on the near buttock B. Posted, and appraised to 7l. 10s.
ROBERT BECK.
For SALE at Tappahannock ,
AN exceeding likely young negro man, who is a very good house servant, understands taking care of horses, and is a tolerable good cook. If the purchaser is not perfectly satisfied with him after a month's trial, he may return him if in health.
(tf.) ARCHIBALD M'CALL.
ROSLIN, April 10, 1775.
TWENTY five likely NEGROES, consisting of men, women, boys, and girls, will be sold at Blandford , on Monday the 1st of May next, to the highest bidders, for ready money, tobacco, or merchants notes payable at the ensuing meeting.
CHARLES DUNCAN.
NORFOLK, April 3, 1775.
JOURNEYMEN WEAVERS, that are acquainted with any of the following branches, viz. weaving of cotton velvets, thicksets, jeans, fustians, dimities, counterpanes, damask, diaper, gauze, woollens, or linen, will meet with good encouragement by applying to the subscriber. A good linen weaver may soon weave any of the above, and shall have the pieces prepared and mounted for them, by
GARDINER FLEMING.
*** I should be obliged to any smith or cutler that would furnish me with a plough, and three different sets of wires, for making cotton velvets.
¶ I have muskito curtains, and sundry other kinds of cloth, for sale; and will give a good price for well spun cotton, flax, or wool, in payment (preferable to cash) such as will run from six to fifteen yards to the pound.
WARWICK, April 18, 1775.
I INTEND to leave the colony soon. ALEXANDER GORDON.
The noted swift HORSE TRISTRAM SHANDY, NOW in great perfection, stands at my house in the lower end of Caroline county , and covers mares this season at 50s. Good pasturage gratis, and great care taken of the mares, but I will not be answerable for any that may get away.
Tristram Shandy was got by Moreton's Traveller, his dam by Janus, out of a very fine English mare.
JAMES UPSHAW.
To be SOLD by publick auction, for ready money only, at Gloucester courthouse , on the 4th of May next, at one o'clock,
SEVERAL valuable horses and mares, together with a mahogany escritoire and book-case, the property of
JONATHAN WATSON.
*** The land, negroes, stock, house, &c. may yet be purchased on the terms specified in a former advertisement.
To be SOLD in Amherst county , FOUR THOUSAND acres of exceeding good tobacco LAND, being part of a large tract formerly advertised, together with a very valuable gristmill, upon Buffalo river . This land is equal to any that has yet been sold of the tract. The time of payment will be made agreeable to purchasers. Mr. Gabriel Penn, who lives near the land, is authorised to bargain for it, and will show it to any persons inclinable to purchase.
(tf.) CARTER BRAXTON.
To be SOLD, on the fourth Thursday in May next, being Pittsylvania court day , by virtue of a deed of trust from James Roberts,
THE tract of land where the courthouse stands, containing about 1000 acres, 50 of which are laid off into a town, and several houses are built thereon. It would be profitable to any person that inclines to keep tavern, as that, without any land but a garden, now rents for 60l. per annum. There are near 100 acres cleared, and in good order for cropping. Also the following tracts of land, viz. one on Dan river , in the said county, joining the great falls, containing about 700 acres. Another tract on the said river, in Guilford county, North Carolina , containing 650 acres, 100 of which are cleared, and in good repair. It is known by the name of Covington's , or Matrimony Quarter , and has rented for 25l. per annum. A third tract on Moon's creek , in Orange county, North Carolina , containing 337 acres, on which is a good plantation that has rented for 8l. per annum. These several tracts of land will be divided into lots, if required, and will be sold by private sale, between this and the day of sale, on application being made to the said Roberts , or the subscriber. At the same time will be sold, several valuable SLAVES; two of the women are exceeding good house servants. The stocks of horses and cattle will also be sold. Good titles to the lands, &c. will be made the purchasers, and as long credit as the affair will admit.
WILLIAM TUNSTALL.
RICHMOND, April 4, 1775.
I SHALL leave the colony in a few weeks. JAMES WATT.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from the subscriber, in Williamsburg , a dark bay HORSE about fourteen hands and a half high, has a white face, roach mane and bob tail, paces slow, and branded on the near buttock TL in a piece. Whoever brings the said horse to me in this city, or to Mr. Lowdwell Blackey Taylor in New Kent county , shall receive a reward adequate to his trouble. WILLIAM DAWSON.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from Rocky Ridge , in November , at the sale of negroes there, a bay mare with a blaze in her face, has a number of remarkable small white spots on her back and rump, some saddle spots, is about ten years old, and branded, but I have forgot what it is. Whoever contrives the said mare to me, near Buckingham courthouse , shall have 3l. reward, if strayed; and if stolen, on conviction of the thief, 5l. paid by
THEODORICK WEBB.
FALMOUTH, April 5, 1775.
RUN away from the sloop Susannah , Capt. John Dow, about the 5th ult. a negro man named NED, 40 years of age, about five feet ten inches high, much pitted with the smallpox, has a remarkable sore on his right leg, is fond of liquor, and when intoxicated has an impediment in his speech, is very deceitful, and will, no doubt, endeavour to pass as a freeman. He had on, when he left the sloop, a gray kersey short coat, almost new, with metal buttons, breeches of the same cloth, a spotted cotton jacket, a pair of yarn hose, and an old fine hat. Any person delivering the said negro to Capt. Dow on board, or to the subscriber at Falmouth , shall have a reward of 5l. if apprehended in this colony, and 10l. if in any other. I forewarn all masters of vessels from harbouring, employing, or carrying off the said negro, at their peril.
GEORGE HAMILTON.
COMMITTED to Northampton county jail, North Carolina , the 22d ult. an outlandish negro man, who cannot, or will not, tell his owner's name. He is a small black fellow, about five feet four inches high, and has some of his country marks between his eyes; had on a negro cotton jacket with a red collar, and some red round the sleeves, and an old pair of leather breeches. The owner may have him on proving his property, and paying charges. DRURY GEE, Sheriff.
TAKEN up, in Pittsylvania , a dark bay HORSE four feet three inches and a half high, about eight years old, a large star in his forehead, had on a small bell with two patches on it, and branded on the near buttock DY. Posted, and appraised to 3l. 15s.
ROBERT HARSTONE.
THREE months ago I purchased, from the executors of Littlebury Hardiman , a negro woman named RACHEL, formerly Mr. Hardiman's cook, since which I have not seen her. I am informed she has a husband at one of Col. Carter's quarters on James river , through whose benevolence I imagine she is now harboured. Whoever brings her to me, at Drummond's Neck , near Cowles's ferry , shall receive 30s. or 20s. if conveyed to Charles City prison . I am determined not to dispose of her, and will sue any person who entertains her.
JOHN AYLETT.
For SALE,
A TRACT of LAND in Caroline county , near Newmarket , containing about 3000 acres of well timbered land, having thereon two plantations, in good repair, with proper and convenient edifices for farming, or making tobacco. For terms apply to the subscriber.
(tf) JOHN BAYLOR.
For SALE,
A TRACT of LAND in Caroline county , contiguous to Mattaponi , containing about 2000 acres of well timbered land, the property of Mr. Robert Baylor. The terms may be known by applying to Mr. Nathaniel Burwell in King William , Mr. John Armistead in Caroline , or Mr. John Baylor, Executors. (tf)
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L O N D O N, March 1. Extract of a letter from the Earl of Dunmore to the Earl of Dartmouth, dated Williamsburg, Dec. 24; laid before the House of Commons, Feb. 15, by Lord North.
MY necessary absence, on the occasion of the Indian disturbances, will, I hope, account and excuse me for my not having acknowledged your Lordship's several letters in due time and order, and for not having regularly communicated accounts of the publick affairs of the colony, to which some of them refer; and I wish I were now so fortunate as to have it in my power to make a representation of their appearing with a more favourable aspect than when I last wrote upon those important concerns.
The associations first, in part, entered into, recommended by the people of this colony, and adopted by what is called the Continental Congress, are now enforcing throughout this country, with the greatest rigour. A committee has been chosen in every county, whose business it is to carry the association of the Congress into execution, which committee assumes an authority to inspect the books, invoices, and all other secrets of the trade and correspondence of merchants, to watch the conduct of every inhabitant without distinction, and to send for all such as come under their suspicion into their presence, to interrogate them respecting all matters which, at their pleasure, they think fit objects of their inquiry; and to stigmatise, as they term it, such as they find transgressing, what they are now hardy enough to call the laws of the Congress, which stigmatising is no other than inviting the vengeance of an outrageous and lawless mob to be exercised upon the unhappy victims. Every county, besides, is now arming a company of men, whom they call an independent company, for the avowed purpose of protecting their committees, and to be employed against government, if occasion require. The committee of one county has proceeded so far as to swear the men of their independent company, to execute all orders which shall be given them from the committee of their county.
"As to the power of government which your Lordship, in your letter No. 11. directs should be exerted to counteract the dangerous measures pursuing here, I can assure your Lordship that it is entirely disregarded, if not wholly overturned. There is not a justice of peace in Virginia that acts, except as a committee man; the abolishing the courts of justice was the first step taken, in which the men of fortune and pre-eminence joined equally with the lowest and meanest. The general court of judicature of the colony is much in the same predicament; for though there is at least a majority of his Majesty's Council who, with myself, are the judges of that court, that would steadily perform their duty, yet the lawyers have absolutely refused to attend, nor indeed would the people allow them to attend, or evidences to appear. The reason commonly assigned for this proceeding is the want of a fee bill, which expired the last session of the Assembly; and it is a popular argument here, that no power but the legislature can establish fees, and the free bill not having been renewed is attributed to the dissolution. But the true cause of so many persons joining in so opprobrious a measure was to engage their English creditors, who are numerous, to join in the clamours of this country; and, not a few, to avoid paying the debts in which many of the principal people here are much involved.
"With regard to the encouraging of those, as your Lordship likewise exhorts me, who appeared, in principle, averse to these proceedings, I hope your Lordship will do me the justice to believe I have left no means in my power unassayed to draw all the assistance possible from them to his Majesty's government; but I presume your Lordship will not think it very extraordinary that my persuasions should have been unavailing, against the terrors which, on the other hand, are held out by the committee.
"Independent companies, &c. so universally supported, who have set themselves up superior to all other authority, under the auspices of their Congress, the laws of which they talk of in a stile of respect, and treat with marks of reverence which they never bestowed on their legal government, or the laws proceeding from it, I can assure your Lordship, that I have discovered no instance where the interposition of government, in the feeble state to which it is reduced, could serve any other purpose than to suffer the disgrace of a disappointment, and thereby afford matter of great exultation to its enemies, and increase their influence over the minds of the people.
"But, my Lord, every step which has been taken by these infatuated people must inevitably defeat its own purpose. Their non-importation, non-exportation, &c. cannot fail, in a short time, to produce a scarcity, which will ruin thousands of families. The people, indeed, of fortune, may supply themselves and their negroes for two or three years; but the middling and poorer sort, who live from hand to mouth, have not the means of doing so, and the produce of their lands will not purchase those necessaries (without which themselves and negroes must starve) of the merchants who may have goods to dispose of, because the merchants are prevented from turning such produce to any account. As to manufacturing for themselves, the people of Virginia are very far from being naturally industrious; and it is not by taking away the principal, if not the only encouragement to industry, that it can be excited; nor is it in times of anarchy and confusion that the foundation of such improvements can be laid. The lower class of people too will discover that they have been duped by the richer sort, who, for their part, elude the whole effects of the association, by which their poor neighbours perish. What then is to deter those from taking the shortest mode of supplying themselves; and, unrestrained as they are by laws, from taking whatever they want, wherever they can find it?
"The arbitrary proceedings of these committees, likewise, cannot fail producing quarrels and dissensions, which will raise partisans of government; and I am firmly persuaded that the colony, even by their own acts and deeds, must be brought to see the necessity of depending on its mother country, and of embracing its authority."
March 2. It is said that orders are sent from the Admiralty for a clean frigate to hold herself in readiness to sail at the shortest notice, which is to take a Nobleman of abilities over to New York, in order to improve and confirm the conciliating spirit which has taken place there, by giving the inhabitants the strongest assurances from Government of protection, and every other encouragement which they can reasonably desire.
Three thousand butts of porter are ordered on board the fleet bound to Boston,
for the use of the army already there, who are in a bad state of health for want of beer, &c.
It was talked of on Tuesday, in Westminster, that a great person in the army, who had just received orders to prepare himself for America, wrote a letter to a certain great personage, informing him, that military duty was now likely to be so very different from what he had ever done, that, to avoid it, he must beg leave to resign.
A correspondent thinks it an odd circumstance, that the Cerberus (whom the poets feign to be the three-headed dog that guards the mouth of hell) should be the ship appointed to carry over to America the three Generals appointed to tame the Americans.
A great and illustrious LADY is said to be so much alarmed at the present crisis of affairs as to exert her utmost interest and eloquence in favour of lenity, justice, and a happy accommodation. [ God save our good and gracious Queen. ]
Upwards of 150 sail of outward bound ships are now lying in the Downs, some of which have been wind-bound there more than five weeks.
Monday last upwards of 1000 tuns of water were shipped off from the Tower, and they are now very busy in filling a great number of butts with the same element, for the use of the transports that are going to America.
March 4. Yesterday, after the levee broke up at St. James's, one of the messengers in waiting was sent off with an express to Paris.
Yesterday, after the breaking up of the levee at St. James's, the Marquis de Cordow, the Sardinian envoy, had the honour of a conference with his Majesty in his closet, before his return to Buckingham House.
Yesterday a private board was held at the Plantation Office, Whitehall, at which Lord Dartmouth presided. It broke up about twelve o'clock, his Lordship being obliged to attend the levee at St. James's.
Yesterday the Right Hon. the Earl of Chatham came to town from his seat at Hayes in Kent, and was afterwards at the House of Peers.
The warmest opponents of Lord North admire his fortitude, perseverance, and close attention to the affairs of America, and it is now the prevailing opinion that he will be able to terminate all disputes, even with the New England refractory subjects, without being obliged to have recourse to arms; after which, it is said, his Lordship has some regulations to propose, which will render him very popular on the other side the Atlantick, if they are agreed to at home.
Yesterday Lord North laid before the House of Commons several American papers, the titles of which were read by the clerk, and the papers then ordered to lie on the table.
Lord North will not open the budget so soon as has been talked of, for he has not yet had time to fill it, on account of being so engaged in American affairs. We must not, therefore, expect to hear of anything of that kind till the close of the session.
Yesterday a full Board of Admiralty was held, at the breaking up of which orders were sent to all the officers of the marching regiments to review the same, and make a due return thereof to the War Office by the 1st of April next.
The expence of the transports to carry the troops to America, will, on the most moderate estimate, amount to 80,000l.
What has the Admiralty to do with the Land Service?

A circumstantial account of the important debates in the American committee on Lord North's motion of Monday, Feb. 20.
ON Sunday evening, a Treasury letter, desiring an attendance in the House for the next day, was sent to the most active persons in opposition, as well as to all those who support Ministry, as Lord North had a motion of importance to make. It is unusual to send such letters to the members who oppose. This message therefore occasioned much speculation. Early on Monday, it was universally given out that Lord North intended to move a conciliatory proposition , which would have a tendency to quiet the troubles that unhappily distract the British empire.
About 4 o'clock, Sir Charles Whitworth took the chair in the American committee. Lord North immediately rose, and having laid open his design, in a speech of rather less than an hour, concluded with the following motion:
"That it is the opinion of this committee, that when the Governour, Council, and Assembly, or General Court, of any of his Majesty's provinces or colonies in America, shall propose to make provision, according to the conditions, circumstances, and situation of such province or colony, for contributing their proportion to the common defence (such proportion to be raised under the authority of the General Court or General Assembly of such province or colony, and disposable by Parliament ) and shall engage to make provision also for the support of civil government, and the administration of justice in such province or colony, it will be proper , if such proposal shall be approved by his Majesty, and the two Houses of Parliament , and for so long as such provision shall be made accordingly, to forbear , in respect of such province or colony, to levy any duty, tax, or assessment, except only such duties as it may be expedient to impose for the regulation of commerce; the neat produce of the duties last mentioned to be carried to the account of such province, or colony, respectively."
The motion was supported by Governor Pownal, Mr. Jenkinson, Sir G. Elliot, Mr. Cornwall, and Mr. Wedderburne.
The principal arguments used by these Gentlemen, and particularly by Lord North, in favour of the proposition, were the following: "That, in the late address of the two Houses, a promise was given to redress the grievances of the Americans. It was indeed impossible to define what Parliament ought to deem a real grievance, among the many factious complaints of the Americans; but as there was one point upon which they and others were most particularly clamorous, the matter of taxation, it would be proper to come to a fair and indulgent explanation on that subject; and, as many new restrictions on the trade of the Americans had been already proposed, and as many more were intended, in that situation, the colonists ought fairly to know what they are to expect, and what is expected by them."
Justice and policy (he said) required, that every person, under any government, should be compelled to become contributory to that government according to his ability, and to the support he derives from it. This principle ought to extend to the colonies, and to all other dependencies of this empire, just as much as to any part of Great Britain; and the slightest relaxation of any penal or restrictive statutes, now made or hereafter to be made, in consequence of their disobedience and contumacy, ought not to be so much as listened to, until they come to Parliament and offer such contributions as that sove-
reign judge and legislature should decide to be their just and fair proportion towards the common defence of the whole empire, and that this offer must be understood as the condition upon which we are to accept their allegiance .
This proposition ought not to be settled by a Congress . Such a mode could only tend to promote factious combinations in the colonies; who, as colonies, have no sort of relation among themselves. They are all the colonies of Great Britain, and it is through her alone that they have any relation to each other.
At present, the quota which each colony ought to pay cannot be settled; but the proportions (when the Americans come to make their offers) must be adjusted upon the following standard: The wealth and population of each colony, its advantages relatively to the other colonies, and its proportion to the wealth and other advantages, taken together with her burthens and necessities, of Great Britain.
There had been much talk of the restrictions on the trade of the colonies, but when the goods which they take from this country only, because they are the best and the cheapest, shall be deducted from the account of restriction, the Americans will have but little ground for exemption on that account, and they will be found so much on a par with the inhabitants of Great Britain, in commercial advantages, that reason and justice require they should be put on a par with regard to their contributions, and to pay (after the above deduction) full as much in taxes as the people of Great Britain . Seventy millions of debt, in the last war, was incurred solely on their account; and, in equity, the Americans ought to bear at least their fair proportion of it. The army and navy of England are employed for their protection, in common with the rest of the empire; they ought, therefore, to contribute both to the army and the navy. And when a fleet is sent to the East Indies, the colonies ought to pay their share of the charges, just as well as when it is stationed on the coast of North America; for this force being for the common benefit, the colonies are virtually included in the protection derived from it, wherever it is employed.
As the mode of taxation, provided the substantial supply is obtained, it is our interest to indulge the colonies in this particular as much as we can; partly because we may not be as knowing in the detail as the American Assemblies, and we may oppress when we meant only to tax, and partly because it has been found almost impossible for Parliament to lay taxes there which would produce any thing in any degree adequate to their purposes.
Lord North confessed that he rather imagined this proposition would not be to the taste of the Americans, and would not be complied with by several of the colonies. However, if but ONE of them submitted, that ONE link of the chain would be broken; and if so, the whole would inevitably fall to pieces. This separation would restore our empire, and divide et impera was a maxim never held unfair or unwise in government. If this hope should be frustrated, and that the proposition should do no good in America , it will not however fail doing good in England: First, it will stand as an eternal monument of the wisdom and clemency, of the humanity and justice, of British government; secondly, it will show to the traders and manufacturers of England the temper and moderation of Parliament, and the obstinacy and disaffection of the Americans, and will of course support them under the decay and loss of trade, and all the miseries of war; they will bear with patience all these temporary losses, when they are assured that they are incur-
red for the sake of a large revenue, which is to ease them from the many and heavy taxes which at present oppress their industry; thirdly, it will animate the officers and soldiers we send out to America to a vigorous and manly exertion of their native courage, without doubt or scruple, when they are assured they no longer fight for a phantom, and a vain empty point of honour, but for a substantial benefit to their country, which is to relieve her in her greatest exigencies.
That this is putting the quarrel, at last, upon a proper ground; a dispute for revenue, a dispute to compel America to come to the relief of Great Britain. That it was no conceding proposition, but what true policy must suggest, if they had actually subdued America, and had her prostrate at their feet. That it is not to abandon the authority of Parliament, but to confirm it; it is to enforce it in the most effectual manner, and for the most essential objects, because the TAXING power is by THIS resolution in the hands of Parliament , and to be exercised merely according to its discretion. All the vigorous measures, either by penal laws, or by the military force, are to go on exactly as before; no farther relaxation whatsoever is intended. This is the ultimatum .
If it should seem to be abandoning the high ground taken in the address, or to be contrary to the assurances so frequently given, "that no terms should be held out to America previous to its submission," this is nothing (said Lord North) but what is common. The greatest powers have done it. In the war of the succession, it was a fundamental point that no Prince of the House of Bourbon should ever sit on the throne of Spain. This was several times repeated, and in the most solemn manner. Such politics are necessary to gain or to animate allies, yet all the powers which composed this confederacy yielded; and a Prince of the House Bourbon did sit, and one of the same House does now sit, on the throne of Spain. In the Spanish war of 1739, we declared that we would never treat with Spain until she had given up the point of search; yet peace was made without her giving up this point, and the search continues. Lord North added to these several other instances in which great powers had abandoned their pretensions, and disappointed the hopes they had held out to their allies.
Such is the substance of the plan, and of arguments used in support of it. The House, at first, seemed strangely agitated and divided. Almost all of those who usually support Ministry manifested so great a dislike of the measure, that many apprehended Lord North, on the division, would be found in a minority. On the other hand, several in opposition seemed unwilling to vote against any thing which carried with it even the name of conciliation with the colonies. However, as the debate proceeded, the true nature and purpose of the proposition was more fully developed. The opposition to it went different ways, and on totally different grounds. On one side, it was opposed by Mr. Welbore Ellis, Vice Treasurer of Ireland; by the Solicitor General of Scotland; by Mr. Adams, Mr. Ackland, and some others of the ministerial members.
Mr. Ellis declared, that possibly he might differ from every other Gentleman, and stand quite single; but it was his opinion the House would be sunk, by the acceptance of the Noble Lord's motion, into the lowest state of degradation. A very few days ago, no less than three hundred of them had carried up to the Lords an address, declaring all the colonies in a state of disobedience, and one of them in actual rebellion; an address offering their lives

and fortunes for the suppression of that rebellion, an address making the previous submission of the Americans, in their humble petition to Parliament, and their acknowledgment of its authority, conditions indispensable to all redress of grievances, real or imaginary. In a few days after, without any reason assigned, without any known variation of circumstances, without any petition, submission, or acknowledgment whatsoever, for the House to come to a resolution directly contradictory to the former, was the most humiliatory stroke to the dignity of Parliament, which, in his long experience, he had ever remembered. Nothing could so highly reflect upon its courage, honour, wisdom, and consistency; but as the subject was full of irritation, and as he was afraid, though a very old member, that he might be betrayed into some improper expressions, he chose to sit down without farther discussion of a matter which indeed spoke so fully for itself.
The same line of argument was taken by the other Gentlemen on the court side, who opposed the motion upon the principle of its inconsistency with all the former declarations of Administration, and with the late address of both Houses of Parliament.
The Gentlemen of the minority, who had opposed all measures of severity towards America, declared, with a marked solemnity, that they came to the House, on the report of the change of measures, with a full resolution of supporting any thing which might lead in any way towards conciliation; but that they found the proposition altogether insidious in its nature, and therefore purposely rendered, to the last degree, obscure and perplexed in its language. Instead of being at all fitted to produce peace, it was calculated to increase the disorders and confusion in America, and therefore that they never could consent to it.
On this side, the debate was supported with remarkable force and spirit, by Mr. T. Townshend, Mr. Fox, Col. Barre, Mr. Burke, Mr. Dunning, and Lord John Cavendish.
They readily admitted, with Mr. Ellis, and with the Solicitor General of Scotland, that the proposition was a contradiction to every thing that Parliament had declared; a shameful prevarication in Ministers, and a mean departure from every declaration they had made. They were willing, however, to purchase peace by any humiliation of Ministers, and, by what was of far more moment, even by the humiliation of Parliament; but the measure was mean indeed, but not at all conciliatory. One benefit, however, was derived from it; for (said Mr. Fox) it has re-established the credit, and signified the power, of the true constitutional Whiggish principle of resistance. This had already reduced the proudest tyranny, had made it renounce its high declarations, and stoop to meanness and fraud, the sure forerunner of rout and dismay. That as Lord North had already been staggered into this unheard of act of irresolution and inconstancy, there might be some hope of his proceeding to others which might be really lenient, if it were not the nature of inconsistency not to proceed in any certain track; and that the same want of a fixed principle, which led him to renounce his first plan, might induce him, perhaps as suddenly, to return to it. That the mode of argument, on the side of Ministry, was the most ridiculous that ever had been known in Parliament. They attempted to prove, to one side of the House, that the measure was a concession; and to the other, that it was a strong assertion of authority; just on the silly principles of the tea act , which to Great Britain was to be a duty of supply, to the Americans a tax of regulation.
They were likewise (they said) astonished at another extraordinary phenomenon. To this day, during the whole course of the American debates, the Ministry have daily and hourly denied their having any sort of contest about an American revenue. That the whole was a dispute for obedience to trade laws, and to the general legislative authority. Now they turn short; and to console our manufacturers, and animate our soldiers, they tell them, for the first time, "the dispute is put on its true footing , and that the grand contest is, not for empty honour, but substantial revenue." But manufacturers and soldiers will not be so consoled, or so animated, because the revenue is as much an empty phantom as the honour; and the whole scheme of the resolution is oppressive, absurd, and impracticable, and, what indeed the Ministers confess, the Americans will not accept. It is oppressive, because it was never the complaint of the Americans that the mode of taxation was not left to themselves; but that neither the amount and quantum of the grant, nor the application , was in their free choice. This was their complaint, and their complaint was just. What else is it to be taxed by act of Parliament, in which they are not represented, but for Parliament to settle the proportion of the payment, and the application of the money? This is the purport of the present resolution. If an act of Parliament compelled the city of Amsterdam to raise an hundred thousand pounds, is not Amsterdam as effectually taxed without its consent as if duties to that amount were laid upon that city? To leave them the mode may be of some ease, as to the collection ; but it is nothing to the freedom of granting , in which the colonies are so far from being relieved by this resolution, that their condition is to be ten times worse than ever.
For the minority contended, that it is a far more oppressive mode of taxing than that hitherto used; for here no determinate demand is made. The colonies are to be held in durance by troops, fleets, and armies, until singly and separately they shall do---what? Until they shall offer to contribute to a service which they cannot know, in a proportion which they cannot guess, on a standard which they are so far from being able to ascertain, that Parliament, which is to hold it, has not ventured to hint what it is they expect. They are to be held prisoners of war, unless they consent to a ransom , by bidding at an auction against each other and against themselves, until the King and Parliament shall strike down the hammer, and say "enough."
The species of auction to be terminated not at the discretion of the bidder, but at the will of the sovereign power, was a kind of absurd tyranny, which they challenged the Ministers to produce any example of, in the practice of this or of any other nation. What was said to be most like this method of setting the colony Assemblies at guessing what contribution might be most agreeable to us in some future time, was the tyranny of Nebuchadnezzar, who, having forgot a dream of his, ordered the Assemblies of his wise men, on pain of death, not only to interpret his dream, but to tell him what his dream was .
To set the impracticability and absurdity of this scheme in the stronger light, they asked, in case an Assembly made an offer which should not be thought sufficient by Parliament, was not the business to walk back again to America, and so on backwards and forwards as often as the offer displeased Parliament? And thus, instead of obtaining peace by this proposition, all our distractions and confusions will be increased tenfold, and continued for ever.
It was said, indeed, by the Minister, that this scheme will disunite the colonies. Tricks in government had sometimes, it was admitted, been successful; but never when they were known, avowed, and hackneyed. That the Boston port bill was a declared cheat, and accordingly far from succeeding; it was the very first thing that united all the colonies against us, from Nova Scotia to Georgia.
As to the pretended justice of this extorted contribution, from the debt incurred on the sole account of America, Col. Barre said, it was false and futile. We must defend our dominions, wherever they are attacked by our enemies; but to charge the part attacked as the cause of the burthen brought on by that defence, is ridiculous. It was not the ambition of the colonies, but the designs of France aiming at an empire in America, which caused that debt.
The idea of deducting the value of goods supposed to be taken by the colonists, because we sold cheap, at a time when we did not suffer the colonies to make the trial, and by such arithmetick to deduce the propriety of their paying in nearly an equal proportion with the people of England (they said) was of a piece with the rest of the policy and the argument of this profound project.
Mr. Burke strongly declared against any scheme which began by any mode of extorting revenue. That every benefit, natural or political, must be had in the order of things, and in its proper season. Revenue from a free people must be the consequence of peace, not the condition on which it is to be obtained. That if we attempt to insert this in order, we shall have neither peace nor revenue. If we are resolved to eat our grapes crude and sour, instead of obtaining nourishment, we shall only set an edge on our own teeth, and those of our posterity for ever.
They all urged, therefore, for the reconsideration, until it could be brought to some agreement with common sense. They moved, "that the chair man do now leave the chair, and have leave to sit again."
The Minister, distracted by an opposition from such opposite quarters, seemed ready to sink under it. His allies seemed on the point of desertion, until the great BUTE STANDARD was displayed by Sir Gilbert Elliot , when most of them fell again into order, and, though ashamed and mortified, voted with the Minister.
The instantaneous effect of the few words spoken by the STANDARD BEARER, after Lord North had been five times on his legs, and only made matters worse and worse, was painted by Mr. Dunning in a vein of the most delicate irony. The numbers, upon the division, were: Ayes 274, Noes 88.
Feb. 25. In the Upper Assembly yesterday, Lord Effingham complained to the House of the licentiousness of the press, and then produced a pamphlet entitled "The present crisis with respect to America considered," published by T. Becket. His Lordship pronounced it a seditious libel, and a daring insult on the King; and after commenting on the fatal tendency of such publications, acquainted the House that he was in Sweden when the revolutions happened, which made the present King absolute, and declared that he looked upon the author of this pamphlet as a man who had the like base designs in view. He moved, that the House would come to the following resolutions, which being read, were unanimously consented to.
That the said pamphlet is a false, malicious, and dangerous libel, subversive of the principles of the glorious Revolution, to which we owe our present invaluable constitution, and of the right of the people, or words to that effect.

That one of the pamphlets be burnt by the common hangman, in Old Palace Yard, on Monday the 6th of March, at one in the afternoon; and another at the Royal Exchange, the sheriffs of London attending, at the same hour, on Tuesday the 7th of March.
That these resolutions be communicated to the House of Commons on Monday next, at a conference, and that the concurrence of that House be desired. Their Lordships then adjourned the cause till Wednesday, and broke up.
The offensive doctrines in the said pamphlet are, that taxes, according to our constitution, are not voluntary contributions of the people; that if the Commons refuse to grant the annual subsidies, the King, who is the executive power, may legally raise them without their consent. He may do the same if the nation is threatened or invaded by a foreign enemy, as necessity must govern upon these occasions; and the safety of the nation must not depend on a majority of the Commons, who, for private views or caprice, refuse to grant the aids for the support of government, &c. The fallacy of these pernicious tenets, Lord Effingham observed, had been severely felt by two of our Kings; and if the author was not noticed and punished, people out of doors would be apt to conclude that his Majesty and the Ministry countenanced such writings.
BOSTON, April 10.
A NUMBER of families are moving themselves and their most valuable effects from this town into the country, in consequence of the late advices from England.
PHILADELPHIA, April 19.
LETTERS by the last vessels from England assure us, that if we remain steady and firm, and keep sacredly to the non-importation, we have nothing to fear; that the non-importation begins to work, and by midsummer will be strongly felt on the other side of the water, where nothing but feeling convinces.
We hear Lord North, and others, took great courage from some letters from New York, &c. wrote by the enemies of this country, a list of whom, it is said, are received here by Capt. Reed, and no doubt, in due time, will, with the letters, be published, that the Americans may know who are the snakes they are cherishing in their bosom.
The above having got wind, on Monday last a person, on a visit in this city, took horse with the utmost haste, and has decamped. It is not improbable we may soon hear of more flights, or perhaps something worse.
WILLIAMSBURG, April 28.
YESTERDAY, about 1 o'clock, Mann Page, jun. Esq; one of the Representatives for Spotsylvania, arrived here in 24 hours from Fredericksburg; being charged by a number of people from different counties, now assembling there, to inquire whether the gunpowder had been replaced in the publick magazine, the removal of which had spread a general alarm, and greatly exasperated all ranks of people. Expresses had been sent into several counties, and it was expected that upwards of 2000 men would be assembled in Fredericksburg by this evening; and the militia of Caroline was ordered to meet to-morrow, at 10 o'clock, to be in readiness to join those of the upper counties. Mr. Page returned again in the evening, and carried a letter from the Hon. the Speaker, to endeavour to pacify the people; and as that Gentleman sets out to-morrow, by land, to attend the General Congress, we hear he proposes meeting them; and it is hoped, from his great influence, that he will be able to prevail on them to return
home, and rest satisfied with the Governor's promise that the powder shall be given up when there is occasion for it.--- The independent companies of Caroline and Spotsylvania, we hear, have determined to escort the Delegates from this colony to Hooe's ferry, on Potowmack.
By some Gentlemen who came passengers with Capt. Miller, we learn that matters had been settled in Parliament agreeable to the general petition of the address from the Congress, and that the welcome tidings had been received in most of the principal towns in England with every demonstration of joy, such as ringing of bells, bonfires, flags flying, &c. That Capt. Delancey, of New York, was at Portsmouth, and was to sail in the Nautilus, Capt. Collins, for Boston, with proposals from the Ministry to the Continental Congress; the purport of which was, that a sum of money (300,000 l.) should be raised by the different colonies annually, in their own mode, and then all the obnoxious acts were to be repealed. That Lord North had offered to resign, but his Majesty insisted on his continuing in the Administration. That ten or twelve men of war, and about 50 transports, with 10,000 land forces on board (amongst them one regiment of dragoons, and two of light-horse) were in readiness to sail for Boston, under the command of three Generals. That it was said, the number of troops to be stationed at Boston was to be augmented to 25,000; but it was the opinion of others, that the forces now coming out were to relieve those already at Boston, who are to return home. That Lord William Campbell is appointed Governor of South Carolina, and was at Portsmouth, ready to sail for his government.
The Mary, Miller, from London, and Tom, Clark, from Liverpool, are arrived in York river; the Jenny, Welch, Molly, Collins, and Sparling, Priestman, from Liverpool, at Norfolk.
His Majesty's ship Fowey, Capt. Montague, came round last Sunday to York, from Hampton road.
This day two Negroes are to be executed at Norfolk, who were condemned as principals in some late disturbances there.
AT a meeting of the committee of Gloucester county, at the courthouse of the said county, on Monday the 3d of April 1775, WARNER LEWIS, Esq; was unanimously elected chairman.
The resolves of the Convention, held at the town of Richmond the 20th of March 1775, were read, and unanimously approved of.
Resolved, that the thanks of this committee be presented to THOMAS WHITING, and LEWIS BURWELL, Esquires, our worthy Delegates, for their faithful discharge of the important trust reposed in them.
It being late before a sufficient number of members assembled, to proceed upon business, the committee adjourned to Tuesday the 25th instant.
Tuesday the 25th of April, 1775, the committee met according to adjournment, and came to the following resolves:
Resolved, that as an encouragement to the manufacturing GUNPOWDER in this colony, we will give a premium of 25 l. to any person who shall produce to the chairman of this committee, on or before the 25th of October next, 300 lbs. of good gunpowder made in Virginia, which we will purchase at the current price of that commodity; and if it shall be proved to be made wholly of the materials of this colony, we will give an additional premium of 10 l.
Resolved, that we will give 50 l. to any person who shall produce to the chairman of this committee 60 pair of good WOOL and 60 pair of good COTTON CARDS, on
or before the 25th of October next, with an authentick certificate of their having been made in this colony; and we will purchase the same at the usual price.
The committee having received authentick information, that last Thursday night an officer of one of his Majesty's armed vessels, with a party of armed men, by express command of Lord Dunmore, privately removed the gunpowder belonging to this colony out of the magazine, it was unanimously resolved that the removal of the powder from the publick magazine, on board one of his Majesty's armed vessels, by order of the Governor, is exceedingly alarming at this time.
Resolved, that his Lordship's verbal answer to the address of the Mayor, Recorder, Aldermen, and Common Council of the city of Williamsburg, on that occasion, is unsatisfactory, disrespectful, and evasive.
Resolved, that his Lordship, by this and other parts of his conduct, which have lately transpired, has justly forfeited all title to the confidence of the good people of Virginia.
Resolved, that the powder ought immediately to be restored.
Ordered, that the clerk send by express copies of these resolves to each of the printers, and they are desired to publish them in their next Gazettes.
JASPER CLAYTON, clerk.
HENRICO COUNTY.
In committee, Wednesday, April 26, 1775.
IT appearing, from the Virginia Gazette of the 21st instant, that the powder in the publick magazine, in the city of Williamsburg, deposited there at the expense of the country, and for the use of the people in case of invasion, or insurrection, had been secretly removed, under the clouds of the night, by Captain Collins, of the Magdalen sloop of war, and by order of the Governor; and the committee having taken into their consideration the address of the corporation of the city of Williamsburg, as also his Excellency's answer thereunto, came to the following resolutions:
Resolved, that it is the opinion of this committee, that the removing the said gunpowder, in the manner, at the time, and for the reasons given for so doing, is an insult to every freeman in this country, a high reflection upon the respectable corporation of the city of Williamsburg, and to the last degree cruel, under their circumstances, being then threatened with an insurrection; that we consider the act itself as a determined step, tending towards establishing that tyranny we so much dread, and which the British Ministry, with unrelenting fury, have so long and are still endeavouring to effect: And farther, that we consider it as injurious to the fame, and tending to destroy the pleasing idea, we had entertained, of his Excellency's regard for the happiness and true interests of this colony.
Resolved, that we think it incumbent upon us to avow our sentiments upon this occasion; and while we declare our detestation and abhorrence of the act, we will use our best endeavours to procure an immediate restitution of the said powder, to the magazine from whence it was taken.
Resolved, that as we cannot rest satisfied with his Excellency's answer to the address of the corporation of the city of Williamsburg, that it be an instruction to the committee of correspondence to write to the committee of the city of Williamsburg, or to the committees of York or James City counties, and procure the most authentick intelligence respecting the same, and report to this committee at their next meeting.
By order of the committee.
JOHN BECKLEY, clerk.