The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1792-06-12 00:00:00

United States.
SECOND CONGRESS of the UNITED STATES. AT THE FIRST SESSION.
Begun and held in the city of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, on Monday the twenty-fourth of October, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one.
An ACT more effectually to provide for the National Defence, by establishing an Uniform Militia, throughout the United States
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That each and every free able-bodied white male citizen of the respective States, resident therein, who is or shall be of the age of eighteen years, and under the age of forty-five years (except as is herein-after excepted), shall severally and respectively be enrolled in the militia by the captain or commanding-officer of the company, within whose bounds such citizen shall reside, and that within twelve months after the passing of this act. And it shall at all times hereafter be the duty of every such captain or commanding officer of a company, to enrol every such citizen, as aforesaid, and also those who shall, from time to time, arrive at the age of eighteen years, or being of the age of eighteen years, and under the age of forty-five years (except as before-mentioned) shall come to reside within his bounds; and shall without delay notify such citizen of the said enrolment, by a proper non-commissioned officer of the company, by whom such notice may be proved. That every citizen so enrolled and notified, shall, within six months thereafter, provide himself with a good musket or firelock, a sufficient bayonet and belt, two spare flints, and a knapsack, a pouch with a box therein to contain not less than twenty-four cartridges, suited to the bore of his musket or firelock, each cartridge to contain a proper quantity of powder and ball; or with a good rifle, knapsack, shot pouch and powder-horn, twenty balls suited to the bore of his rifle, and a quarter of a pound of powder; and shall appear so armed, accoutred, and provided, when called out to exercise or into service, except, that when called out on company days to exercise only, he may appear without a knapsack. That the commissioned officers shall severally be armed with a sword or hanger, and spontoons; and that from and after five years from the passing of this act, all muskets for arming the militia as is herein required, shall be of bores sufficient for balls of the eighteenth part of a pound: And every citizen so enrolled, and providing himself with the arms, ammunition and accoutrements required, as aforesaid, shall hold the same exempted from all suits, distresses, executions, or sales, for debt or for the payment of taxes.
And be it further enacted, That the Vice-President of the United States; the officers, judicial and executive, of the government of the United States; the members of both Houses of Congress, and their respective officers; all custom-house officers, with their clerks; all post-officers, and stage-drivers who are employed in the care and conveyance of the mail of the post-office of the United States; all ferrymen employed at any ferry on the post-road; all inspectors of exports; all pilots; all mariners actually employed in the sea service of any citizen or merchant within the United States; and all persons who now are or may hereafter be exempted by the laws of the respective States, shall be and are hereby exempted from militia duty, notwithstanding their being above the age of eighteen, and under the age of forty-five years.
And be it further enacted, That within one year after the passing of this act, the militia of the respective States shall be arranged into divisions, brigades, regiments, battalions, and companies, as the legislature of each State shall direct; and each division, brigade, and regiment, shall be numbered at the formation thereof, and a record made of such numbers in the adjutant-general's office in the State; and when in the field, or in service in the State, each division, brigade, and regiment shall, respectively, take rank according to their numbers, recording the first or lowest number highest in rank. That if the same be convenient, each brigade shall consist of four regiments; each regiment of two battalions; each battalion of five companies; each company of sixty-four privates. That the said militia shall be officered by the respective States, as follows: To each division, one major-general and two aids de camp, with the rank of major; to each brigade one brigadier-general with one brigade-inspector, to serve also as brigade-major, with the rank of major; to each regiment, one lieutenant-colonel commandant; and to each battalion, one major; to each company, one captain, one lieutenant, one ensign, four sergeants, four corporals, one drummer, and one fife or bugler. That there shall be a regimental
staff, to consist of one adjutant, and one quartermaster, to rank as lieutenants; one paymaster; one surgeon, and one surgeon's-mate; one sergeant-major; one drum-major, and one fife major.
And be it further enacted, That out of the militia enrolled, as is herein directed, there shall be formed, for each battalion, at least one company of grenadiers, light infantry or riflemen; and that to each division there shall be, at least, one company of artillery, and one troop of horse: There shall be to each company of artillery, one captain, two lieutenants, four sergeants, four corporals, six gunners, six bombardiers, one drummer, and one fife. The officers to be armed with a sword or hanger, a fufee, bayonet, and belt, with a cartridge-box to contain twelve cartridges; and each private or matross shall furnish himself with all the equipments of infantry, until proper ordnance and field artillery is provided. These shall be to each troop of horse, one captain, two lieutenants, one cornet, four sergeants, four corporals, one faddler, one farrier, and one trumpeter. The commissioned officers to furnish themselves with good horses of, at least, fourteen hands and an half high, and to be armed with a sword and a pair of pistols, the holsters of which to be covered with bear-skin caps. Each dragoon to furnish himself with a serviceable horse, at least fourteen hands and an half high, a good saddle, bridle, mail-pillion and valise, holsters, and a breast-plate and cropper, a pair of boots and spurs, a pair of pistols, a sabre, and a cartouch-box to contain twelve cartridges for pistols. That each company of artillery and troop of horse shall be formed of volunteers from the brigade, at the discretion of the commander in chief of the State, not exceeding one company of each to a regiment, nor more in number than one eleventh part of the infantry, and shall be uniformly clothed in regimentals, to be furnished at their own expense; the colour and fashion to be determined by the brigadier commanding the brigade to which they belong.
And be it further enacted, That each battalion and regiment shall be provided with the state and regimental colours by the field officers, and each company with a drum and fife or bugle-horn, by the commissioned officers of the company, in such manner as the legislature of the respective States shall direct.
And be it further enacted, That there shall be an adjutant-general appointed in each State, whose duty it shall be to distribute all orders from the commander in chief of the State to the several corps; to attend all public reviews, when the commander in chief of the State shall review the militia, or any part thereof; to obey all orders from him relative to carrying into execution and perfecting the system of military discipline established by this act; to furnish blank forms of different returns that may be required, and to explain the principles on which they should be made; to receive from the several officers of the different corps throughout the State, returns of the militia under their command, reporting the actual situation of their arms, accoutrements, and ammunition, their delinquencies, and every other thing which relates to the general advancement of good order and discipline; All which, the several officers of the divisions, brigades, regiments, and battalions are hereby required to make in the usual manner, so that the said adjutant-general may be duly furnished therewith: From all which returns he shall make proper abstracts, and lay the same, annually, before the commander in chief of the State.
And be it further enacted, That the rules of discipline approved and established by Congress, in their resolution of the twenty-ninth of March, 1779, shall be the rules of discipline to be observed by the militia throughout the United States, except such deviation, from the said rules, as may be rendered necessary by the requisitions of this act, or by some other unavoidable circumstances. It shall be the duty of the commanding officer, at every muster by battalion, regiment, or single company, to cause the militia to be exercised and trained, agreeably to the said rules of discipline.
And be it further enacted, That all commissioned officers shall take rank according to the date of their commissions, and when two of the same grade bear an equal date, then their rank to be determined by lots, to be drawn by them before the commanding officer of the brigade, regiment, battalion, company, or detachment.
And be it further enacted, That if any person whether officer or soldier, belonging to the militia of any State, and called out into the service of the United States, be wounded or disabled while in actual service, he shall be taken care of and provided for at the public expense.
And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the brigadier-inspector, to attend the regimental and battalion meetings of the militia composing their several brigades, during the time of their being under arms; to inspect their arms, ammunition, and accoutrements; superintend their exercise and ma-
neuvres, and introduce the system of military discipline before described throughout the brigade, agreeably to law, and such orders as they shall, from time to time, receive from the commander in chief of the State; to make returns to the adjutant-general of the State, at least once in every year, of the militia of the brigade to which he belongs, reporting therein the actual situation of the arms, accoutrements, and ammunition of the several corps, and every other thing which, in his judgment, may relate to their government and the general advancement of good order and military discipline; and the adjutant-general shall make a return of all the militia of the State, to the commander in chief of the said State, and a duplicate of the same to the President of the United States.
And whereas sundry corps of artillery, cavalry, and infantry, now exist in several of the said States, which by the laws, customs, or usages thereof, have not been incorporated with or subject to the general regulations of the rest of the militia.
Be it enacted, That such corps retain their accustomed privileges, subject, nevertheless, to all other duties required by this act, in like manner with the other militia.
JONATHAN TRUMBULL, Speaker of the House of Representatives. RICHARD HENRY LEE, President, pro tempore, of Senate.
Approved, May 5th, 1792. GEORGE WASHINGTON, President of the United States. Deposited among the Rolls in the Office of the Secretary of State. THOMAS JEFFERSON, Secretary of State.
Foreign Advices.
VIENNA, March 7.
ALL that has hitherto transpired relative to the death of the Emperor tends to refute the suppositions of those who attribute his death to any but natural causes.
Instead therefore of indulging suspicions, at all times odious, the cause of the disorder which silently undermined the Emperor's constitution, may be ascribed to a dysentery too suddenly stopped last year, the time of his coronation, as King of Bohemia, at Prague.
COBLENTZ, March 13.
The French Princes yesterday received a courier from King Francis, with a letter from his Majesty, informing them, that far from abandoning the projects of his father Leopold, he would hasten the execution of them, and that the troops already appointed to march are not only in motion, but orders have been issued for the other corps to march.
March 14. The Prince of Nassau is expected here in ten days from Peterburg. It is said, he brings very favourable news for the French Princes. The promotion of the Count d'Aranda to be Prime Minister of State in Madrid, opens likewise a very flattering prospect for the Emigrants; he is well known to be much attached to the House of Bourbon: But it is known, that Count Florida Blanca, was about to persuade the King to annul the family compact with France, and to form new connexions with Great-Britain; and it was that which caused his disgrace.
HAMBURGH, March 27.
This afternoon two messengers arrived here from Stockholm, the one going to Madrid, the other to Warlaw. They bring the dreadful news of his Majesty the King of Sweden being assassinated in the night from the 16th to the 17th of March, at a masked ball in the opera-room. A pistol was fired at the Monarch, loaded with a bullet, a square piece of lead, several nails, and a large quantity of shot. The assassin, who is arrested, is a nobleman of the name of Ankerstrom, formerly an Ensign in the Garde, a dissolute character, whom the King had recalled lately from his exile in Gothland. The plot is terrible, and is said to consist of more than forty persons, some of whom have already been taken into custody. A young Count Horn, son of the old General is one of them. The King is wounded in the upper part of the left hip. The assassin was armed with three pistols and a dagger, but had only time to fire one pistol. His Majesty received immediately every assistance, and was removed in the easiest manner. They have tried to extract the contents of the pistol out of the wound but have only been able to bring out one single piece of a nail. The King passed the day, great as the pains of the wound were, with great mildness and courage. The surgeons assure that the King is out of danger, if no other dangerous incidents

happen. It is incredible how heroic the Monarch behaves, and how he comforts his friends. About two hours before the commencement of the ball, the King received a letter not to go thither; but for that very reason he went. The letter was from Major Lilienhorn, who was likewise arrested, for not having signed his name to it. The gates of Stockholm being shut, the messengers did not depart until the third day after. A Regency hath been appointed, whereof the Duke of Sutherland, Count Wachmeister, Count Oxenstierna, Count Tauber, Baron Armfeldt are members.
March 30. Letters from Landscron of the 22d. inst. mention, that the Governor of that place had received an order to guard the whole coast, and to let no letters pass without opening them first, in order to make further discoveries, respecting the conspiracy.
P A R I S, March 16.
When the Queen heard of her brother's death, she said, "Si la mesure de mes maux n'e'toit pas a son comble, cet evènement terrible la combleroit—If my misfortunes were not before at their height, their measure would now be filled."
Reports of every kind are in circulation; Austrian Flanders are said to have mounted the signal of rebellion, the colours of modern France.
The environs of Orleans have caught the contagion—all is disordered there.
L O N D O N, March 14.
At no time in the recollection of our memory was the general situation of Europe more critical than at the present moment; there is scarce a foreign Power which does not appear in some degree interested, SPAIN, FRANCE, GERMANY, and PORTUGAL, are particularly involved.
The EMPEROR OF GERMANY certainly did NOT die of POISON. The facts of his death are attended with very unusual circumstances, which it would not be proper to relate at length. By taking too large a portion of a stimulative medicine, his vessels swelled so prodigiously, that they actually burst before he died.
April 3. The recruitment of the army (say Parisian accounts) has amounted already to 110,000 effective men, instead of 51,000. Patriotism is not a mere idea in France; and though many good citizens seem to dread war as not very distant, notwithstanding the death of Leopold, yet a comparative view of the formidable force of France with that of her supposed enemies, is sufficient to destroy their fears. To remedy in some respect the enormous expenses which have been totally caused by the conduct of the Emigrants, the National Assembly have decreed, that an indemnity shall be made from the general mass of their property for the disbursements hitherto made by the nation in warlike preparations. The Emigrants still continue flocking home in hundreds; the Fauxbourg, St. Dennis, and St. Martin, are alive from dusk in the evening, as these gentry choose to arrive in the dark. Their equipages are then washed, the arms neatly varnished and painted out, and thus equipped, unescutcheoned, and unemblazoned.
The news of an insurrection at Hesse-Cassel is confirmed. The Landgrave, wishing a regiment to be sent to Sangerhausen, a small town on the Rhine, where he has others, ordered it to appear on the parade. Being there drawn up, five soldiers came out of the ranks, and desired to speak to the captain. They obtained the permission, and in the name of their comrades demanded to be paid as in time of war. The Prince of Hesse was informed of this immediately, and in answer ordered the five soldiers to run the gauntlet ( passer aux verges ) instantly. The regiment hearing this order, declared they would not suffer the execution of it. The noise spreading, all the garrison of Cassel ran to the parade, and the people followed in multitudes, threatening that the Prince himself should undergo the punishment, if he dared to carry his orders into execution.
CAPTURE OF SERINGAPATAM.
Saturday last a report was circulated in London to the following effect, viz.
That an express over land had this day arrived at the India-House, with intelligence that our army had taken Seringapatam, by storm, on the 15th November.
The loss on our part is stated to have been 400 Europeans, and 7000 natives—Gen. Meadows killed, and Lord Cornwallis wounded.
This was at first generally believed and had considerable effect on the stocks, but after proper enquiry, was found to be merely a humbug.
PRE AT GOTHENBURG.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in the neighbourhood of Gothenburg, dated the 3d current, to his friend in Leib.
Just as I was finishing this letter I have received the melancholy news, that a south part of Gothenburg was last night consumed by fire, which first took place in a joiner's house in Hollender Gaten (the name of the street) the fire continued with fury from the Old Port of the town to the new. The large Sngar-house, Flesh-market, and the sluice, are burnt down.
Letters from Vienna of the 5th March, mention, that the New King of Hungary had given orders to all the regiments that were marching, to stop proceeding; and he has at the same time declared, that he would have no concern in the disturbances of France, in which the Emperor only interfered as chief of the Empire.
The Prince Royal of Denmark has published an arrest, by which the slave trade is to cease, and forever abolished after 1803.
The French funds are in such discredit at Amsterdam, that there were offered in the exchange there 1000 French livres for 1600 Holland florins.
United States.
B O S T O N, May 5. MODERN LOGICK.
The reports of the secretary of the treasury, on the finances, are elegant compositions, containing accurate information, and recommended in the most modest, humble manner— ergo —The said reports are pernicious, diabolical, dangerous to liberty, and subversive of republicanism!
The plan of the secretary at war for a national militia, was formed on the most ample discussion of the subject, united safety, economy, and discipline; and tended fully to annihilate every pretence for a STANDING ARMY— ergo —the said plan is insulting to freemen—and dangerous to liberty!
The secretary of the treasury, ought to feel himself under obligations to the scribblers who flatter round his reports—By calling the public attention to them, their latent beauties are more fully discovered.
C H A R L E S T O N, May 17.
By several gentlemen, who arrived here on Saturday last, from Rock-Landing, we are informed, that the utmost harmony subsists between the Creeks and the Federal Troops stationed at that place; and that Mr Seagrove received a letter from General McGillivray, on the day of their departure, stating that he had been prevented from attending at the Rock-Landing as early as was intended, by the high freshes in the Ocmulgee; but that he would be there in a few days, with 1500 Creeks, in order to carry into full effect the treaty with the United States.
N E W B E R N, May 12.
By a letter from Mr. Allison, who left Watagua in March, on his way to Congress, with despatches from his Excellency Governor Blount, we hear that a treaty is to be held at Nashvill, with the Shawanese and Chickasaw tribes of Indians on the first of June.
K N O X V I L L E, May 19.
A gentleman, lately from Georgia, whose veracity may be depended on, informs, that an express had arrived from General McGillivray to the Governor of Georgia, requesting him to make provision for two thousand Indians, who were to attend him at the running of the line determined on by the late treaty—that Bowles was sent to the mines, and the Indians who were with him at the robbery of the Spanish stores, were permitted to return to their squaws—This early check in the career of Bowles induced the Creeks to implore the protection of Gen. McGillivray, and to solicit him to return to his country.
On the last of April three Indians stole seven horses from Crooked Creek. They were pursued and overtaken at the ford of Hiwassee river, and six of the horses retaken. At Big Tellico the white people were joined by some Indians who were very active in the pursuit and recovery of the horses.
P H I L A D E L P H I A, May 23.
One of the vessels employed in transporting the free blacks from Nova-Scotia to Sierra Leona, commanded by Capt. Nicols, has returned from Africa, and arrived at this port after 8 weeks passage—The whole fleet of 13 sail arrived safe at the place of destination, though numbers of the blacks died on the passage.
Their landing was at first opposed by the natives—but they were on peaceable terms when Captain Nicols left them—the country appears fertile, and on the whole the settlement bore a promising aspect, and the enterprize bid fair to answer the views of the benevolent projectors. No vessel from England had arrived. Capt. Nicols has a paper from the Agent, testifying his humanity and attention to the blacks during the voyage.
Capt. Eve, of the sloop Sally, arrived here yesterday in 17 days from St. Kitts, says that a few hours before he sailed, accounts were received there of the arrival of a sloop of war at Martinico from France, with intelligence of war having commenced between that kingdom and Spain. No particulars had transpired, but the account was looked upon as authentic. Capt. Eve left St. Kitts so late as the 28th of April, and our readers will see that this news agrees with that under the Salem head, brought by a recent arrival at Marblehead from St. Martins.
A gentleman just arrived in this city from New-Orleans, which place he left about a month ago, informs, that five hundred men had arrived there from the Spanish Islands, and that one thousand more were expected.
June 1. Yesterday arrived the ship Harmony, Captain Athmead, after a passage of four months from Calcutta.—This ship brings the latest accounts of the operations of the British arms in India, but it does not appear that any thing decisive had occurred, the time having been chiefly spent in preparations for the siege of Seringapatam, the fall of which is predicted in very sanguine terms by the news-writers of the English Asiatic papers.
P I T T S B U R G H, May 26.
Extract of a letter from Ensign Murphy, dated Reed's station, May 22.
"This morning about sunrise Reed's block-house was attacked by the Indians, and one Gasper Redick and a child of John Harbeson's killed, and Harbeson's wife and two children taken prisoners, and one of the levies wounded. This news I received about 4 o'clock, and immediately set off for this place, with 11 men; since my arrival here I am
informed that John Currie's house is burnt and his cattle killed, and a Mr. Millen's house, up Pockety, was seen on fire. The number of Indians is said to be about 40."
B A L T I M O R E, June 5.
The PROVIDENCE GAZETTE of 19th Uli. advises, that Captain Dring, arrived there from Bordeaux, informs, "That the political Affairs of France had assumed a very pleasing Aspect, which was evinced by a sudden Advance in the Value of Assignats—That he saw at Bordeaux 20 000 Men paraded at one Time in Uniform, and completely equipped; and that he was informed, there were 300,000 National Troops on the Frontiers of France, ready to repel any Attempts to effect a Counter-Revolution, of which the Nation had very little Apprehension."
Major-General ANTHONY WAYNE set out from Philadelphia on Thursday last to join the Army (of which he is Commander in Chief) in the Western Country.
M A R T I N S B U R G, JUNE 12.
On Saturday last, a special Court was held in this town, for the trial of Cornelius Conway, for horse-stealing, when after a full examination of the evidences, he was, by the unanimous voice of the Court, ordered for further trial before the District Court, to be held at Winchester in September next.
William Johnson, who was to have been executed at Winchester on Friday last, received a respite until the 8th day of July next.
A late New-York paper asserts, that there are now settled to the westward of the Seneca Lake, in that state, upwards of four thousand inhabitants, chiefly industrious emigrants from Massachusetts and Connecticut, and whose numbers are daily and rapidly increasing. The same paper represents the projected northern and eastern canals in that state in a fair way of being carried into execution, and probably, completed in the course of ten years, whereby a navigation will be opened into the heart of the American continent, the far greater part of the way on those immense bodies of fresh water called the Lakes, and where they fail, by means of locks, canals, and natural communication. It is computed that in ten years after the canals are completed the produce now brought to New-York market will be increased at least a third.
An enthusiastic French writer, on the folly of dreading a counter-revolution in France, says,—"We need no Generals to lead us—in such a cause every province in France will supply its Conde, its Turenne, and a glorious band of Patriots, emulous of WASHINGTON's immortal character—The Enemy of Despotism."
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Fayette county, Kentucky, to his brother in Greene county, dated May 1.
"I am very sorry to inform you of the invasion of our country. It is said 600 Indians are now in our settlements. The night before last a party of them burnt Frankfort, a frontier town, and killed 50 persons."
Paragraph from a Petersburg (Virginia) News-Paper of the 24th of last Month.
"We are happy to acquaint the Public, that the Reports respecting an Insurrection among the Negroes, on the Eastern Shore, are not so alarming as have been represented.—It appears from the Discoveries which have been made, of Arms, &c. in their Possession, and from the Confessions of some of them, that they have long had it in Contemplation to make an Attempt of the Kind, but it fortunately was timely discovered:—Enough, however, has transpired, to render it necessary that the Citizens should watch and guard against such an Event in future."
In the late war a certain person of a comical character in the American army, was, more by good luck than merit, promoted from an insignificant station to be deputy-quarter-master-general in a certain line of troops. On all occasions after this, he took care that the initials of his official dignity should be affixed to his name; so that, let the name go where it would, D. Q. M. G. was sure to be its constant, never-failing concomitant. Being at York, in Virginia, with the troops at and after the capture of Lord Cornwallis, in order to acquaint the most inattentive passenger of his military dignity, he procured his name to be affixed in monstrous large letters over the house where he quartered, with its old appendage, D. Q. M. G. Some gentlemen (mostly strangers) passing by one morning, one of them could not forbear asking what those four capital letters were intended to stand for;—What do they stand for? (said one of the company, who knew the quarter-master) why, what else should they stand for but D—D—QUICK—MADE GENTLEMEN?
A regular, weekly Post-Rider is now established from the Printing-Office in this town to BATH, by the way of Back-Creek; those who wish to be supplied with this paper on that route, are requested to give in their names.
One shilling reward.
RAN away from the Subscriber, on the 25th ult. an indentured Apprentice, named Jeremiah Miller, bound by order of Court. Whoever will apprehend the said run-away and confine him in goal, shall have the above reward.
WILLIAM HOOPER.
June 6, 1792.

I OBSERVE in your Potomac Guardian , an account of the Committee of Congress having condemned the Contractor and Quarter-Master unheard, laying the failure of the last campaign on them, and commending St. Clair for his conduct. I confess I always thought him exceedingly capable of deceiving, or defending himself against any charge that might be brought against him;—there, I think, his great abilities lie; as for his being a soldier, I well know he is not—nor is he capable of making a proper defence against an enemy in arms.
The committee having him with them, and his knowing what witnesses to call, that would say all they could in his favour, and none (if he could help it) that would speak the truth without fear or favor, or be influenced. I think he certainly had influence enough with the committee, to make them believe what he said, which they ought not, after his being proved guilty of so many misrepresentations concerning the action of the 4th of November last, and his endeavouring to injure the memory of two brave officers who were killed, General Butler and Col. Oldham. In this he is certainly proved guilty of the most glaring falsehood, in inhumanly endeavouring to injure the characters of those gallant officers, who, very likely, lost their lives by his bad management. He says in his letter to the Secretary at War, dated 9th of November, at Fort-Washington, in mentioning the safety of the camp when the attack was made, that the left flank was covered by the cavalry, when there was none there. He again says, Col. Darke was ordered to make a charge with the left wing of the army, which was proved to be false, and I believe he dare not contradict that officer to his face; in his absence he very likely would, and more so, if he was dead; he would then think himself safe in blasting his character.
He says Major Clarke, with his battalion, covered the retreat; this was another positive falsehood: Of all those matters the Committee might have been informed, had they called upon some intelligent officer to have assisted them in their enquiries, who did not fear St. Clair , and had been the whole campaign with the army. His ordering the army so small a distance from the river, where it cost the government so great a sum more than it did on the river, he seems to have convinced the committee of the necessity of, by saying it was for the sake of green forage for the horses and cattle, and to send the soldiers where they could not get whisky, &c.—there were no horses there of any account, (but a few of the Contractor's) only a few days, as the horses purchased for the dragoons were kept tied to trees, fences, &c. under the eye of the General, till they were reduced that near half of them were either lost, dead or rendered useless, though there were plenty of oats and corn, and green forage in abundance, near that place. This cannot be a fault of the Quarter Master, as he sent them down the river, and they were delivered to officers appointed by the General, and the horses in good order when delivered.
One of the officers of the army asked one Sulleven who was appointed Quarter Master of the horse by General St. Clair , and who was as fond of strong drink as any in the army, except the General, Why the horses were constantly kept tied up starving? Sulleven who was then more than half drunk, said General St. Clair had given orders that they should not be turned out until they were all found, which would never happen, as there were many lost.
On enquiring it was found, that General St. Clair had appointed officers of different cores in the army to command the horse, but did not allow them to take their own men, but ordered two or three to be taken from each company in the whole army, and of course each officer sent the greatest villain in his company; by this contrivance there was scarce a man for that important trust but what had served a tour at the wheel-barrow to save his neck. This was the reason we had no cavalry to assist us in the action, and I do not think there are six now to be found, of the whole bought for that service, which must have cost near three thousand pounds, or perhaps more; this neither could be the fault of the Quarter Master or Contractor.
The Committee seem to be convinced, that it was proper to send the army from where a ration cost 6¼ to where it cost 15½ for the sake of green forage, to keep the men from whisky, &c.—but they did not consider, that on the river, any where near that place, a ration was but 6¼, and that there was plenty of green forage on each side up and down. The river and the camp would have been easier guarded and the troops in greater safety; this the General would have considered of, had it not been his interest to send them to the other place, as a few miles up and down the river would have answered every purpose he mentions, and saved government from thirty to eighty pounds a day, for perhaps thirty days, or upwards.
The Committee mention something concerning the orders that the officers should be put in the returns for provision, and take the Contractor's due-bills; I am convinced the Committee did not rightly understand this business, or they would have reported otherwise—when the officers by general orders, contrary to justice and their desires, were put in the returns, the Contractor had a sufficient voucher that he had delivered those officers their full rations, and would receive pay for them; and indeed it is right he should, as he was obliged to give due-bills—added to this, there is a general abstract made out by these returns, and signed by the Commanding Officer, which puts the matter out of all dispute; and I insist that General St. Clair had no
right to give such orders, and that it was infringing on the rights of the officers, as the condition on which they entered the service lays, they shall have so many rations, or money in lieu thereof at the contract price, and that at their choice. But General St. Clair , in his general orders says, they shall take due-bills for their rations. Thus they are obliged to take a piece of paper for their subsistence, as follows, "Due T. D. one hundred complete rations—J. B." So the officer, if he should loose his due-bill, looses his rations, and if he gets paid for it from the public treasury it is paid twice, as the Contractor has a receipt for it; and if the officers have to look to the Contractor for those due-bills, he might, in my opinion, give them the bread and beef for them, as he is not obliged to give money. If the Committee had considered this matter rightly, they would have been convinced he was in partnership with the Contractor, or he would not have acted as he did.
This I must say in his favour, he has shown himself a politician in running off from his command at Fort-Washington to Philadelphia, to make the best of his bad conduct, for which he obtained praise, though he better deserved a halter. I dare say he counted much in his own favour, on account of seven of the next in command to him being killed or wounded, all of whom are dead but Col. Darke and Major Butler. Another thing I cannot see how could pass unnoticed, or be justified, which is his conduct on the retreat from Fort-Jefferson to Fort-Washington, and which was most ridiculously conducted—consider this one fact:—that when Col. Darke solicited him for a guard to go back to Fort-Jefferson with the provision that was met on the road about fifteen miles from that place, and at that garrison they had nothing but the flesh of pack-horses to eat, he could not prevail on him to lend more than sixty men from the whole army, when a few days before he sent between three or four hundred as a guard to bring on the same provisions before the defeat, and as he pretended to overtake some militia deserters, about 50 or 60, that had got 25 or 30 miles before the party was sent after them, and would travel much faster than the regulars; but he says it was to prevent more from deserting, they knowing if they did desert, that the first regiment was in their front. Strange it seems to me, that the militia should know where the first regiment was, when General Butler did not know, and was much displeased that he was not informed; nor did Col. Darke know where they were gone until after the defeat. Another thing no soldier can justify—when Col. Darke went back with the provision, it was the next morning after the defeat, about three hours earlier than the retreat commenced, or about the time the action began, and the men that were in the battle had retreated 45 or 46 miles in about 21 hours, Col. Darke mentioned to the General that they ought to halt and refresh themselves, they having eat nothing from the day before the action, and must be greatly distressed with hunger and fatigue; his answer was, that they could go on farther, and pushed on near the front of the retreat, and looking back as if he was under frightful apprehensions of being overtaken by the enemy; nor had he forethought enough to take a bullock or two back with him; nor would he, I expect, have tho't of flour, had not the pack-horse-drivers gone back with it without orders; through fear he went on some miles farther, where he ventured to make a small halt, knowing Col. Darke was gone back towards Fort-Jefferson with the provision, and was far in his rear, with a strong guard of sixty men.—The General being very near the front of this retreat, he as soon as he was halted, gave orders that the men should have one hour to make fires, make up their bread, bake and eat it; this was but bread alone, and some of it not half baked before they were hurried off, and many hundreds behind not able to keep up with the General's horse, that he said "could not be pricked out of a walk," were left behind, and did not get any thing to eat, from the place of action to Fort-Hamilton, which was about 24 miles. Another circumstance the Committee seem to have taken no notice of is, his unofficer, un-soldierly, and ungentlemanly conduct, and barefaced partiality, in sending the Virginia battalion from Fort-Washington after they were discharged, without any money or subsistence home, upwards of 700 miles. Major Bedinger, who commanded the battalion applied to him repeatedly, and he positively refused, though he granted it to all the other troops from Jersey, Pennsylvania and Maryland.
I am convinced he would have an excuse for this conduct, but being proved guilty of so many falsehoods, the Committee, I am certain, ought not to believe any thing he said. I should have expected the Committee would have been better informed as to the time the army marched to Ludlow's station, as they had the General with them. They say that the whole army consisting of about 2300 non-commissioned officers and privates, marched from Ludlow's station the 17th of September, when the truth is that a detachment of 1004 rank and file fit for duty, marched from Ludlow's station the 7th of September, and encamped on the banks of the Great Miami the 9th, near where Fort-Hamilton is; they could do little on the 10th, as Major Ferguson was not sent on to lay out the ground for the fort; on the 11th Major Ferguson came; was that day and great part of the next reconnoitering the country, and as many men were ordered on fatigue the next day as there were tools for, and on the 15th the remainder of the army marched, and the 16th or 17th joined and encamped with the first detachment. On the 5th of October, marched from there. General St. Clair must have informed the Committee the army marched on the 17th, not do I see why
he should wish to deceive them, except his love of deception, and preferring falsehood to truth, and perhaps to convince the Committee that he always kept the army together, and to shorten the time of his march a little.
The Committee, I am satisfied, wished to find truth, but my opinion is, that those that want to find that precious article, need not apply to Gen. St. Clair , for, if they do they will never find it, except it is more to his advantage to part with it than falsehood. I hope the Committee will not consider this as any reflection on them. General St. Clair is capable of deceiving, as he possesses much plausibility, but has not the least pretensions to sincerity; as for his ability as a soldier, our friend Indians that were not treated as they justly deserved, who had shown their friendship to us by going on the campaign with us, and ten of them, accompanied by Captain Sparks and another whiteman or two, took five scalps off the heads of our enemy and of their warriors: They, speaking of him, at Lexington, in Kentucky, said he was no warrior, but an old squaw, which I think was giving him as good a character as he deserves.
I am, Sir, your most obedient, humble servant. An Officer on the late expedition.
TO BE SOLD, In the County of Berkeley , on Opechee Creek , within two miles of Martinsburg , VIRGINIA , and on the most direct road to Shepherd's-Town ,
A Merchant Mill,
With two pair of Stones, one of which are French Burrs, equal to any in the State, the Mill-House very spacious, and every thing very convenient for business, the flour can be freighted from the mill door down the river, which makes it much more convenient than any mill on that Creek, with 70 acres of good lime-stone land, 30 of which are clear and under good fence, a young orchard, with a commodious House, and a never-failing spring.—This Mill is situated in a fine wheat country, and contiguous to Baltimore and Alexandria markets.—By paying half the purchase money down, a reasonable credit will be given for the other half.
Application to be made to the Subscriber, living on the premises.
IGNATIUS OFERRALL.
June 8, 1792.
Notice!
Berkeley County, 5th June, 1792.
THE Subscriber, acting Executor of the estate of Col. Van Swearingen , deceased, gives this public notice, That a settlement of the said estate is immediately called for; those persons who have any claims against it, are desired to bring them in for payment, and those indebted are also requested to settle up their accounts, &c. without delay, as they need not expect any farther notice or indulgence, than the law has pointed out.
JOSIAH SWEARINGEN.
Notice!
THERE is at my house in Berkeley County , near the Swan-Ponds , a Negro Man, late the property of Charles Mills , deceased. I had formerly hired this man of Mills ; his name is Josa a well set fellow, about 5½ feet in stature, and proportionably made: As the fellow discovers great contentment with me, I have no apprehensions of his going away, therefore I shall decline having him laid in goal, from a supposition that this method will be most agreeable to his master, who, I hope, will make a speedy application to
RICHARD CONINE.
12 Dollars reward.
RAN away from the Subscriber, the 3d instant, from York County , Marscreek Settlement , State of Pennsylvania , a Negro Man named Tom , about 27 years of age, about 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high, a straight well made fellow, thin, and white lip'd, and much white-man made, speaks the German language, and can play on the fiddle; had on when he went away, a striped cotton coat and waistcoat, old cotton breeches, a half worn felt hat, and yarn stockings. It is supposed he stole a grey horse from the subscriber, 5 years old, 15 hands high, a natural pacer, no brand, was exceeding lame for want of shoes; when stolen was seen riding through Miller's-town , and at Scot's , in the Mountain , with great speed. It is thought that he is endeavouring to get to the State of Virginia .—Whoever apprehends said Negro and Horse, and brings them home, shall, if twenty-five miles from home, receive the above reward, and in proportion for a less distance; and for the Negro alone, Eight Dollars, and for the horse Four Dollars, paid by either of us.
THOMAS LATTA, ROBERT SLEMONS.
June 9th, 1792.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
From the FARMER'S JOURNAL.
The POET'S DESCRIPTION OF HIMSELF.
SAYS Ralph, emerging from the dult, I will commence Physician, And be a man of consequence;— Be What? says Marcus, pilhing: A Doctor, Sir, I mean to be, And that will be my making.— You have not brains, replied he, For such an undertaking. Ralph thought he'd get the art howe'er, But had the luck to miss it; For nature had not mix'd in him, Of sense, quantum sufficit. I'll be a Merchant, that I will, Said Ralph, a little nettled:— But here was one obstruction still,— His purse was not well metal'd. I'll be a Printer, said he, then, And print a weekly paper. Pho! Pho! says Marcus, here again, You'll cut a pretty caper: Your weekly paper never'll sell, We're overstock'd already; Besides your noddle is not form'd, For business that's so heady. I'll be a Poet then, said he, Or rather Poetaster; And tho' perhaps I write not well, I yet may write the faster. He seiz'd his pen, began to write, To read he'll try to tempt ye: His head is full of pleasing rhymes, Tho' pure and belly's empty. Reader, if you would save his life, The present moment seize on— Convey to him some small relief— You'll find him in a prison.
STRAYED from the Subscriber about three weeks ago, a spotted black and white COW, of the Male breed. When she went off, she was in very good order. Whoever gives me information of her, or brings her home, shall have One Dollar Reward. FLORENCE MAHONY. Martinsburg, June 2, 1792.
L O S T!
IN Shepherd's Town some time last fall, a Man's SADDLE, single skin, a blue cloth with double binding, plated bosses, and common stirrups. Also, a single reign'd kiro BRIDLE, with square plated buckles. Whoever has found the same, and will give information to the Printer hereof, shall have TWO DOLLARS reward. May 28, 1792.
TO BE SOLD, At PUBLIC VENDUE, On the 19th day of JUNE next, being the first day of Court, the
House and Lot,
Where the Subscriber now lives. The convenience of said House, so near several never failing springs on the creek, as also the elegant view, is sufficiently known to need any description. The terms will be easy, and made known on the day of sale. If any one would wish to purchase at private sale, and can advance on the first payment the most part, shall have it for 100 l. less than the prime cost. Martinsburg, May 28, 1792.
CHARLES WINTERSMITH.
P. S. Signs for Taverns, Store-Keepers, or Tradesmen, made elegant, and in the most reasonable way. As also Book Binding in its several branches, done likewise, by
C. W.
THE SUBSCRIBER,
RETURNS his Friends and the Public thanks for the encouragement he met with last season at BATH. He informs them, that he has resumed the business of keeping a BOARDING-HOUSE this season at the same place; he has spared no trouble or expence to make it both commodious and agreeable for a large company, and has procured one of the first cooks in the State, together with every other necessary attendance, capital stableage, hay, oats, &c.
GEORGE GALE.
Bath, 22d May, 1792.
THE Public are hereby informed, That the drawing of Mr. T. WHITE'S Lottery, which it was intended should commence drawing on the first day of June next, is postponed until after the ensuing harvest, the better to enable a number of adventurers (and others who would wish to be so) to make payment for the tickets previous to the drawing, the positive time of which will shortly be published in this paper. Tickets may be had of the Printer hereof.
At a Court of Quarter Sessions, held for Berkeley County, the 24th day of March, 1792.
William Hays, John Hays, and Jesse Hays, Complainants, against Henry Thornborough, heir at law of Walter Thornborough.—Defendant.
THE defendant not having entered his appearance agreeable to an act of Assembly, and according to the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that he is no inhabitant of this County, on the motion of the complainants, by their counsel, Ordered, That the said defendant do appear here on the third Tuesday in June next, to answer the bill of the complainants, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at the Church in the Parish of Norborne, in the county aforesaid, on some Sunday after divine service, and also at the Court-House door of the said County.
A copy. Teste, MOSES HUNTER, Clk. B. C.
I DO hereby certify, that what I have reported about Isaac Vanclief respecting his character, is false. Given under my hand, this 19th day of May, 1792.
HENRY VAN DIKE, (Carpenter).
Teste, James Wallingford, Benjamin Pile.
Lands for Lands.
TO BE DISPOSED OF, FOUR Hundred Acres of Land, (called MAHON'S) lying on Buffalo-creek, Monongalia County, upon which there are upwards of 40 acres of the best meadow, a good mill seat and spring, and the land equal to any on the Western waters.
Three Hundred and eighty-four acres adjoining, below, on same creek, a large proportion of meadow, and a good spring, the upland equal, which is held by settlement-right, and a general warrantee will be given.
One Thousand Acres on the Dunkard-mill run, a branch of said creek, held by preemption-right, of equal quality to the above, and the same warrantee will be given, all lying from 14 to 25 miles from Morgan-Town, and from 3 to 11 miles from Monongalia river—the State road from Morgan-Town to the little Kenhawa passes near or through the said land.
One Thousand Acres on Bingerman's creek, held by preemption-right, a great proportion of meadow, and well watered, which lies in the same county, the upland of good quality, about 10 miles farther from Morgan-Town.
One thousand acres on the little Kenhawa, about 14 miles from the mouth of said river, held by an old location on treasury-warrant, the land also very rich.
Any property in the counties of Berkeley or Frederick, negroes, or good bonds, will be taken in payment.
DAVID GRAY.
Berkeley, April 25, 1792.
12m.
Daniel Buckius, Clock and Watch Maker, FROM FREDERICK-TOWN,
MOST respectfully informs the Public, that he has established himself in the above line of business in this town. He repairs Clocks and Watches in the best manner, on the most reasonable terms, and with the greatest expedition, at the house of Mr. PETER DEAL, senior.
Martinsburg, April 26, 1792.
WANTED TO HIRE, An active, smart
Negro MAN,
(For one year) to act in the capacity of an Ostler &c. Inquire of the Printer hereof.
4 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from off my plantation, about the 7th of October last, a dark brown Mare, 7 years old, near 14 hands high, branded W on the near shoulder, trots all, was shod before, and was with foal when she went away. Whoever takes up said Mare, and will return her to me, shall have the above reward, and necessary charges.
WILLIAM MAXWELL.
Dry Run, Berkeley County, May 6, 1792.
Woodstock-Town, in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, Foot of Laurel Hill.
THE Subscriber most respectfully informs his Christian Friends of every denomination, that in laying out the said Town he has reserved for them Lots for the purpose of erecting places of Public Worship, which he intends to convey to them gratis, together with a number of other Lots, provided they accept the same by a written order of their Church or Churches, to be furnished me before the Lottery for said Town Lots is drawn. He also informs the Purchasers of Lots in said Town, that on the flat lands on each side the same, he has laid out 50 out-lots of three acres each, which will be reserved for the 50 first improvers and settlers in said Town, and conveyed to them at a low price not exceeding three dollars per acre, who are to have choice by rotation, as they improve and settle; the situation of the above said Town Seat is beautiful, well watered, healthy and pleasant, and very near the centre of the county, and on the principal road or chief carrying place from old Fort Cumberland, on the river Potowmac, to Red-Stone old Fort, on the Monongahalia River. The advantageous situation for choice either of Eastern or Western trade, in the midst of a fertile country, renders it of consequence, a suitable seat for manufactory, of almost every kind; it has some peculiar advantages of ascending streams for water-works and building materials, &c. I expect the Lottery will be drawn some time, in June or July next; the place where is not yet fixed on, but when it is, it will be published in the Gazette, some time before, by the public's most obedient and very humble servant,
JOHN HOPWOOD.
At a Court of Quarter Sessions, held for Berkeley County, the 16th day of August, 1791.
Executors of William Munford, Compt. In Chancery. vs Executors of Martin Kerchner, Deft.
THE Defendants not having entered their appearance agreeable to an Act of Assembly, and according to the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that they are not inhabitants of this County: On the motion of the Complainants, by their Counsel, Ordered, That the said Defendants do appear here on the third Tuesday of June next, to answer the bill of the Complainants, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at the Church in the Parish of Norborne, in the County aforesaid, on some Sunday after divine service, and also at the Court-House door of the said County.
A copy, MOSES HUNTER, C.B.C.
STRAYED from the Subscriber on the 13th inst. living near Tuscorora Meeting-House, two Cows, both forward with calf—one about 6 years old, with a crop off the left ear, her colour black, with a scar in her forehead, and some white on her hind quarters—the other about 3 years old, of a brindle colour on the sides, a white face, some white on her hind quarters, across her shoulders, and about half her tail, and has small horns. Whoever will give information to me of said Cows, so that I get them again, shall have Two Dollars reward.
DAVID BEATTY.
HARP AND CROWN TAVERN.
Florence Mahony,
MOST respectfully informs his friends and the public, that he has taken that capital and well-known TAVERN belonging to Mr. MICHAEL M'KEWAN which he has opened, having furnished it in a proper manner to receive company, as he has laid in the choicest liquors, and is determined to be unremitting in his endeavours to give general satisfaction—he flatters himself that he shall meet with encouragement from a generous public.
Wanted, an active, sober Man, as an Ostler. Martinsburg, June 5, 1792.
FOR SALE, By the Printer hereof, Blank Deeds of Bargain and Sale.