Lynchburg star (Lynchburg [Va.]), 1806-10-23 00:00:00

LYNCHBURG STAR.
Virginia,
PUBLISHED BY JAMES GRAHAM.....AT THREE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.....(Payable in advance.)
No. LII.]
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 23.....1806.
[Vol. II.]
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Foreign News.
NEW-YORK, Oct. 3.
By the ship Eliza from Liverpool, and the Science, capt. Howard, from London, we have completed our files of London papers and Lloyd's lists to the 16th of August.
The prospect of peace, it will be perceived, is not so flattering as the reports we had for some time past been in the habit of receiving, would have inclined us to suppose. On this subject—interesting not only to the belligerent parties but to the whole civilized world, and especially to our own country—we have been favored with the following extracts from letters, of a date subsequent to any printed accounts:—
LIVERPOOL, Aug. 17.
A messenger has arrived from our ambassador at Paris. The intelligence by him is and good to be such, that the prospect of peace are materially lessened. Probably the French government, having concluded a separate peace with Russia, have risen in their demands. The funds have in consequence experienced a considerable decline.
Mr. Fox was rapidly advancing in a state of convalescence, and had been able to devote a portion of his time to his official duties. His physicians had encouraged his family and friends, with the hope of his being out of danger.
Captain Howard informs us, that in consequence of dispatches recently received, Mr. Monroe would postpone his return to America until the ensuing spring, and that the time of Mr. Erskine's departure on his embassy to the Government of the United States was not fixed upon.
LONDON, August 11.
Though nothing has yet transpired with respect to the terms of the peace between Russia and France; yet they are reported to be nearly as follows:—
The Russians to evacuate Cattaro, and separate themselves from the Montenegrins.
The French to evacuate Ragusa, which shall again be placed under the protection of the Porte.
The Porte guaranteed in the integrity of its dominions.
France promises, within a certain time after the evacuation of Cattaro, to withdraw her troops from Germany.
Russia to use her good offices to restore peace between England and France, and to accommodate the differences between Prussia and Sweden.
Nothing is said with respect to the king of Naples, who if the above sketch be correct, is left to his fate!
The new act of confederation was received by the Arch Chancellor on the 24th, and was immediately to be laid before the Diet. In the mean time French troops are taking positions for the purpose of preventing all opposition to the execution of the act of confederation. A great camp is to be formed near Ratibon, and Germany will not be evacuated till the work of treason, by which so many members of the empire are to throw off allegiance to the head of the empire, has been consummated.
It has been agreed between the Austrian government and the French ambassador, that nothing farther shall be done with respect to Cattaro, till the arrival of a declaration from Paris. Cattaro is in the hands of the Montenegrins, who are represented as increasing in force, and laying waste the whole country with fire and sword. The French are represented as being shut up in Ragusa, but the accounts received by the Paris papers, which arrived on Friday, are of a later date than those brought by the mail.
The arrival of the messenger has produced a rise in the Funds. Omnim has risen about 1-4 per cent. A rise not sufficiently great to warrant an inference that the dispatches are decisively favorable. As there had been a report that Lord Lauderdale was on his return, the rise may be attributed principally, if not wholly, to the knowledge that the rumor is unfounded, and that his Lordship remains at Oxford.
August 12.
The intelligence of peace having been signed with Russia, was received with the greatest surprise in every part of Germany, for the movements which the troops had begun to make, seemed rather to announce preparations for war—we can hardly believe that the sketch of the terms of the treaty brought by the mails yesterday, was correct:—some of the principal stipulations seem to have been omitted. It is obvious, however, that Germany has been abandoned to her fate, and that Bonaparte is to parcel it out, and new cast and model it according to his pleasure.
The deputies of the new states will assemble at Frankfort on the Maine, on the 1st of September. Napoleon will be present in person.
The Prussians are said to be marching to the Ems. A Prussian army of 40,000 men is assembling near Munster. On the 2d inst. the Prussian garrison marched out of Oldenburg, and troops have broken up from other parts of Westphalia.
August 14.
The anxiously expected messenger is at length arrived. At three o'clock yesterday afternoon the Vestal frigate came into Lw., and landed Mr. Basilico, with dispatches from the earl of Lauderdale, who immediately set off for town, where he arrived at Mr. Fox's office about two o'clock this morning.
A cabinet council was held upon the dispatches this morning, and it is said that a messenger is to be dispatched to Paris this evening. Of the nature of the dispatches we cannot be supposed to be informed. It is natural, however, to believe that they are of the highest importance.
THE WAR—CONTINUED.
NEW-YORK, October 2.
The news given in this morning's Gazette, is confirmed. The ship Eliza, brings London dates to the 15th Aug. at which time the prospect of accommodation with France was fast dissipating. The funds experienced a great and sudden depression. The subjoined articles are all we have time to copy for you, before the closing of the mail. Mr. Fox was recovering. He was so far convalescent as to dine from home.
In consequence of dispatches, received in London from Lord Lauderdale at Paris, brought over by the messenger, Basilico, Omnim, which was at 11 3/4 fell to 5 1/2. It was stated, that Lord Lauderdale, so far from meeting with "a correspondent disposition on the part of France," as expressed in the King's speech, had not even been favored with an interview with either Bonaparte or Talleyrand. The expectation, therefore, was confirmed, that his Lordship would immediately return to England.
There are now below 2 ships and four brigs. One of the ships, from the signal is the Science, from London. She will bring news to the 20th August, which we shall without fail, forward to you, promptly.
LIVERPOOL, August 17.
"We were yesterday upon the point of dispatching the annexed price current, when we received the advices, through the prints and private letters, that Lord Lauderdale was upon the point of returning, without effecting the object of his mission."
"The accounts of this morning, neither absolutely contradict or confirm this statement. The whole rests upon the depression of the public funds, which, in Omnim, is a reduction of four per cent."
By the Latest Arrivals from Europe.
STATE PAPER.
Declaration in council of his Majesty the King of Prussia to the assembled deputies of the Hanoverian Provinces.
GENTLEMEN,
"By your appointment, your Deputy, count VON HARDENBURG, has laid before me your representation of the 3d instant; and I have observed from it, with satisfaction, that you have acknowledged with gratitude my regulation with regard to the Hanoverian States. The additional sentiments therein contained are to me a security, that you will henceforth be devoted to me and my House with the same loyalty which you discovered for your former Sovereigns. I therefore have made no delay in more closely learning from your Delegates those concerns that were entrusted to them by you, and now communicate to you the following answer to the declaration given in by them:
"1. With regard to the secularization of the Abbey of Marienrode, and the representation relative thereto, that not only the constitution of the States thereby suffered an alteration, but that one of the securities thereby appropriated to the payment of the public revenue, and the discharge of the public debt, would be withdrawn, should the revenues of the said Abbey be inseparably united with the possession of the domains, contrary to the legal agreement between the impro priators and the states, whereby the revenues accruing from secularized spiritual foundations should be distinctly and separately applied to charitable purposes: it should be observed, that this Abbey legally belongs to Hildesheim, and thus my particular regulation respecting the same can in no way prejudice the said Constitution. Besides, I have expressly established in the Act of secularization, that in the mean time, no change shall take place in respect to the contribution chargeable upon this Abbey, towards the national revenue and the redemption of the public debt. For the rest, as it is far from being my intention to alter the destination of the effects of the Abbey to charitable purposes, I feel satisfaction in assuring you, that the special administration of such parts as have been separated from the domains, and the application thereof to such beneficent and laudable purposes, shall be scrupulously continued, and the utmost care shall be taken both to augment these revenues by good management, and to ameliorate the mode of applying them, by the removal of existing abuses."
"2. The ad interim prohibition of homemade salt is to be considered solely as an inevitable regulation of police for securing an equal supply of that article of primary necessity, and cannot have the apprehended pernicious consequences, since the supply of salt will not thereby be diminished, but will only receive another direction."
"3. The continuance of the hitherto existing Constitution of the country in general, and,
"4. The continuance of the provincial constitution in particular, presuppose that a new and intimate acquaintance with them may be more necessary, than the commission of organization has been able to procure, in so short a period, and under such difficult circumstances. But they will incessantly continue their labours in this respect, and I will not hereafter introduce any arbitrary changes, but such only as may be necessary to unite as intimately as possible the Hanoverian territory with my monarchy, of which it now constitutes a part, and to govern it by such laws as have been found, by long experience, the fundamental pillars of the power, the security and prosperity of the Prussian States; wherefrom the established constitution will be so little excluded, that it will much rather be built up and strengthened, as you may learn from the example of the neighbouring provinces, Brandenburg, Magdeburg, and Halberstadt."
"5. The petition, with regard to any new modifications, upon which the States, together with other privileged orders, who may, perhaps, have particular knowledge of the subject, shall be consulted, before that introduction, on account of any injurious consequences apprehended therefrom, is wholly conformable to the spirit of the maxims of the Prussian government, and will be pursued by the commission of organization in all doubtful cases whatsoever, and without particular instructions."
"Finally, the military regulations, as soon as it can be done with safety, shall be so modified that the grievances of the country, which are connected with the present extraordinary measures, shall cease."
"From this answer you will infer, and I give you with pleasure, the strongest assurances on this head, that my whole endeavors are exclusively directed to heal the wounds, which the hitherto unhappy wars have produced, and to render your country completely happy. Neither ambition nor the lust of territory, but solely a conviction founded on experience, that the incorporation of the Hanoverian states with the Prussian monarchy, is obviously necessary for the welfare and security of both, have determined me to this union, and to the sacrifices connected with it. The past has taught you that England cannot protect you, and that you can be protected by Prussia alone. Prussia has now taken upon herself, this protection, from which you have to expect greater security of person and of property, as well as the abolition of all oppressive abuses which the distance of your rulers produced. But you must also closely unite with a government which has wrought you all these blessings, and support, with counsel and action, a constitution which has been decided upon for your benefit. On the other hand, I will always approve myself your gracious sovereign."
(Signed)
"FREDRICK WILLIAM. Charlottenburgh, June 25, 1806."
LONDON, August 12.
The publication of the new Constitution of Germany will soon appear. The whole of the plan was projected and matured at Paris, between Talleyrand and the Envoy of the Confederate Courts. Nothing but the ratification seems to have been trusted to the deliberation of the persons they represented.
August 15.
A variety of rumours, none of them favorable to peace, were in circulation yesterday. The buyers or sellers were completely "the Lords of the Ascendant." We believe we were correct in asserting, that Talleyrand, under pretence of other more important business (as if there could be any other business of more importance) evaded seeing Lord Lauderdale for some days after his arrival. It was not till Saturday or Sunday that his Lordship is said to have had his first interview. On Monday he had another interview. The answer to his dispatch is rumored to be decisive. It will bring the business to a very speedy decision—perhaps the next dispatches will bring the decision. There is a report that Russia and France co-operate to resist our right of search. Other rumors in circulation stated, that a treaty of alliance, offensive and defensive, had been concluded between Russia and
France—that Lord Levison Gower, who arrived yesterday, had brought very unfavorable intelligence with respect to the sentiments of the new Russian Ministry towards this country. It was said too the revival of a Maritime Confederacy in the North was not unlikely—that Lord Lauderdale might be expected back in a few days, &c. Upon these reports, we cannot, of course, pronounce with any certainty. It was generally believed, however, that the negotiation was in a very unfavorable state—that France had evinced a disposition to protract, and that we were determined not to be the dupes of such a policy, nor to order Lord Lauderdale to quit Paris directly, if he should discover that the enemy were resolved to persist in such a disposition.
August 16.
The "Delicate Investigation," seems now to have been merely a nine days wonder; but, unless the Morning Post comes forward with some report, or some satisfactory statement, upon the subject in a very few days, I shall convince my readers, that this paper, at any rate, is not to be silenced—"MUM," is now the word; but, any one man has the power, if he has the will, to prevent the matter from being so hushed up.
Cobbett's Reg.
GIBRALTAR, July 12.
The Spanish government has issued orders to put thirteen regiments of infantry, two of artillery, and twelve of militia, on the footing of war; but the destination of these troops is not known. Many are the conjectures in which people indulge upon this subject, the least probable of which is certainly that of an approaching rupture with France. Not but that there are sufficient grounds for it. The unworthy usage which the Spanish monarch has lately had to bear from Bonaparte, for having ventured to intercede in behalf of the king of Naples, and hesitated to subscribe the required renunciation of his rights to that throne; the obligation imposed upon him to continue at war with England, however ruinous that war may prove; the imperious command so recently laid upon him as to Sweden, though the melancholy condition of the Spanish commerce rendered her friendship more necessary to Spain than ever; and finally the heavy tributes which are exacted from him, while his army and navy are left without pay, and almost every class of his subjects are reduced to the greatest straits; all these would certainly warrant a rupture; but nothing of the kind can be expected. Bonaparte's diplomatick aide-de-camp (Duroc) is at this very moment on an extraordinary mission at Madrid, and the Spanish government appears to be even loth to a sense of its degradation. Others suppose, that the regulars are to be employed in expeditions beyond the seas, while the militia will do their duty in the interior; and this opinion is corroborated by the order sent to the commander of the Cadiz squadron to hold himself ready to sail, at a moment's warning, with 8 sail, however manned; and by the well known want in which Spanish America stands of assistance from the mother country. But, on the other hand, how could the Spanish government think of exposing part of its army, and the remnants of its navy, to almost certain destruction, informed as it is, that Lord Collingwood is at the mouth of the harbour, from which the expedition must sail, and that the Atlantic is covered with our fleets? The third opinion, which sends these troops to Portugal to garrison the sea ports, from which it is intended to exclude the English ships, is the least unlikely; and we should not be surprised, if the king had consented to the measure, however contrary to his inclinations, to prevent the state of his son-in-law being overrun with French troops.
VENICE, July 22.
On the 20th inst. the French troops commanded by gen. Seras, were embarked; & the same evening the flotilla of 40 small transports, & 15 sail under the French Italian number of men on board is more than who will be disembarked in Dalmatia to reinforce the army there. A room of the division of Seras, there arrive in Trieste two regiments from Frioul, forming part of the army commanded by Gen. Marmont.

MIRANDA'S PROCLAMATION.
Don Francisco de Miranda, Commander in Chief of the Columbian Army, to the Inhabitants of the Continent of Columbian America:
BRAVE COUNTRYMEN & FRIENDS,
Obedient to your wishes, and to the repeated requests and calls of the country, to whose service we have cheerfully con- secrated the greater part of our lives, we have disembarked in this province of Ca- racas. The opportunity and the time appears to us highly favorable for the completion of our design; and all per- sons composing this army are your friends or countrymen; all resolved to sacrifice their lives, if necessary, for your liberty and independence, under the auspices and protection of the British Navy! With these auxiliaries, we can safely say, that the day will come when our America, re- covering her Sovereign Independence, her Sons will be able freely to shew to the U- niverse their exalted spirit. The oppres- sive unfeeling Government which has ob- scured our finer qualities, and blackened with calumnies our deference and cha- racter, managed also to maintain her a- bominable system of administration for three successive centuries, but was never able to eradicate from our hearts those moral and civil virtues which a holy reli- gion, and regular code of laws, incorpo- rated with our customs, and led to an hon- est and natural course of action.
Let us be worthy then of those admi- rable qualities, that the mean, odious a- gents of the Court of Madrid being ex- elled, we may be able quietly to establish the civil order necessary to the completion of so honorable an undertaking. The re- covery of our rights as citizens, and of our national glory as Columbian Ameri- cans, will be amongst the least benefits we shall derive from a just and necessary de- termination.
The innocent Indians, and other men, will consider us all as Brother-Citizens, and that precedence belongs only to me- rit and virtue, in which belief they will gladly obtain most certainly, military and civil recompences, the reward of me- rit alone.
If the Dutch and Portuguese were able, in former times, to throw off the yoke of Spanish oppression; if the Swiss, and A- mericans, our neighbours, have equally succeeded to establish their liberty and in- dependence with the general applause of the world, and to the benefit of their in- habitants, when each of them, separately, scarcely contained two or three millions of people—Why then shall we, who are at the least sixteen millions, not be able ea- sily to extricate ourselves? Possessing be- sides, over and above these considerations, the most fertile, inexhaustible and rich continent in the known world? The fact is, that it depends solely upon our own will—and that the will, progressing to our independence, Union will assure to us permanent and perpetual happiness: the Divine Providence ordains it, to alleviate the miseries of our unhappy countrymen, and for the protection and benefit of the human species!
Those people who are timorous or less instructed, and who wish to inform them- selves of the ground-work of the justice and equity which those proceedings require —joined to the historical truths that prove the inconceivable ingratitude, unheard of cruelties, and atrocious persecution of the Spanish Government, towards the innocent and unhappy inhabitants of the New World, almost from the moment of its discovery, will read the subjoined ac- counts of Don Juan Picoardo, of the order of Jesus, directed to his countrymen, and they will find in it irrefragable proofs, and solid arguments in favor of our cause, dictated by a Holy Man, at a time when he was about taking his leave of this world, to appear before the creator of the Universe.
To carry this plan into its due effect with security and efficacy, the Citizens will be obliged, without distinction of classes or fractions (Ecclesiastics only except- ed, in the parts where they may be ap- pointed) to conform themselves strictly to the following articles:—
I. Every person, military, judicial, ci- vil, or ecclesiastical, who exercises any au- thority granted by the Court of Madrid, shall suspend, ad interim all their functions— and those who may continue them after the present publications, as well as those who obey such persons, shall be severely punished.
II. The Ecclesiastical courts, & courts of Justice, in all cities, towns and places, shall exercise, ad interim all the functions of Government, Civil, Administrative and Judicial, with personal responsibility, and regulated by the laws of the country: and the curates of parishes and missiona- ries shall remain in their respective church- es and Parishes, without altering the ex- ercise of their sacred functions.
III. All the Ecclesiastical courts and courts of Justice, shall send one or two Deputies to the Head quarters of the ar- my, in order that they may, unite them- selves in a general assembly on our ar- rival in the Capital, and to form there a provisional time, to establish another go- vernment general and permanent with the consent of all the nation.
IV. Every Citizen, from the age of 16 to 55 years, shall repair, without fail to the Army, bringing with him such arms as he may be able to procure—and if they be none, they shall receive them from Military depots of the Army.
V. The citizen who may have the base- ness to make common cause with the a- gents of the Spanish government, or who be found with arms, encamped, in camp or place of strength for the moment, shall be treated as a trai- tor. If any persons in the service of Spain shall be so pusillan- imime, that they are in ho- nest fear against the indepen- dence of the country, they shall be for- given.
VI. On the contrary, all those who are
exercising my military, civil, or whatever other employ, who may join, with prom- ptitude, the standard of the country, shall receive honours and employments propor- tioned to the zeal and love of the country which they may have manifested at such an important conjuncture: soldiers and seamen shall be equally rewarded accord- ing to their capacity and zeal.
VII. The Treasurers of the public money shall immediately deposit the same with the Administrators Civil and Eccle- siastical: who shall nominate persons capa- ble of managing the same, and for the supply of the Columbian Army, with whatever may be necessary to its mainte- nance and operations; not only in money but also in provisions, cloathing, vegeta- bles, carriages, mules, horses, &c.
VIII. In order to prevent all kind of injury or aggression on the part to the sol- diers, or the advanced posts of the army, the Magistrates and Parish Priests of the cities, towns, and villages (under their personal responsibility) shall cause to be fixed the colors or ensign of the National Independence, in the highest and most con- spicuous parts of the Churches, and the Citizens shall also wear in their hats the cockade which denotes them to be such, without which they would not be respect- ed and protected as brothers.
IX. This proclamation shall be fixed by the priests and magistrates on the doors of the parish churches and all public buildings in order that it may be speedily notified to all the inhabitants; they shall also read in the churches, and in every civil court, once a day at least, the pam- phlet formerly mentioned, written by J. Vilardo, which accompanies this edict.
X. Whoever shall hinder, retard, or neglect the completion of the nine pre- ceding articles, shall be considered as a public offender, and punished immediate- ly with exemplary severity—The public good is the supreme law.
Done at Head Quarters, at Coro, 2d Au- gust, 1806.
FRANC. DE MIRANDA. THOMAS MOLINE, Sec.
LYNCHBURG.
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 23.
THE LYNCHBURG STAR
is now one year old.—On occasions similar to the present, usage has sanctioned annual addresses. At the conclusion or com- mencement of every year such are expected. From the Editor, on this occasion a few words will be sufficient. The experience of the past will be the best possible criterion whereby to estimate the probable future management & value of this paper. It shall be independent—Undismayed by any fear, and unbiased by any party—a fair, honest, and impartial narration of facts, and cir- cumstances, with inferences and deducti- ons, agreeable to the best lights of our understanding and judgment, and the nar- row weekly limits allotted us, have, and shall be constantly exhibited.—Unawed, and unaided, by either Monk, or Minister, the STAR shall be ever open to whatever may tend to support and confirm the just liberties of the world—the principles of genuine democracy—and improve, and pro- mote, the condition, and happiness of Mankind.
WE are informed that the next Ses- sion of the New London Academy will commence on the 10th day of November next, under the direction of Mr. Dunlap. This gentleman, we hear, is the son of the President of Jefferson College, Penn- sylvania: a circumstance which mea- surable guarantees the faithful, and suc- cessful fulfilment of the arduous duties, which must devolve upon him, as Princi- pal of the New London Academy.
The Trustees of this Institution de- serve well of their Country. Aware of the necessity and importance of litera- l education, pains and property have been expended, in order to render the esta- blishment beneficial to the public. Un- der circumstances occasionally embar- rassing, and not without some disappoint- ments, they persisted laudably, and have been generally successful, in procuring good masters.—In point of healthiness of situation, the New London Academy is surpassed but by few in the state.—It is retired—the neighbourhood around is gentle and enlightened—circumstances highly favourable and conducive to the establishment and maintenance of pure morals, and the acquirement of high in- tellectual accomplishments.
Mr. JOSEPH FLOOD, of Bedford County, Virginia, has, after much time and labour, prepared for publication, an Excellent Concise Treatise on ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
Possessing the inestimable advantages of a good early education, and being engag- ed for years past in the instruction of youth, this gentleman has had an oppor- tunity of comparing the different systems extant, on the subject—of discovering their inaccuracies, and of adopting or re- jecting whatever was valuable, or super- fluous in all.
This work was at first exclusively de- signed for his own pupils, and to syste- matic instruction in the several classes in his own school: but meeting the appro- bation of men deemed competent judges, Mr. F. has resolved on the publication to foster as a number of subscribers sufficient to defray the expenses of publication shall be obtained. Public utility, not enrol- ment, is, we are assured, Mr. Flood's sole motive for coming before the public.
The following extract from his preface will give the reader some idea of the au- thor's manner and motives.
"The design of the following NOTES is to assist young persons in the study of science; and particularly in that of EN- GLISH GRAMMAR. The Notes are designedly short, and consequently easy to be memorised."
"The form into which they are thrown renders the work useful to reading classes where two or more read or recite the same passage."
"As to the merit or demerit of the performance, it stands on the same foot- ing with other publications of a similar nature, viz: on the liberality or caprice of mankind."
"The enquiring youth who loves stu- dy, will, I hope, be rewarded for his at- tentive perusal ; and he has the author's sincere wish for his prosperity and suc- cess in the comprehension and useful ap- plication of the work."
"With a view of rendering this Treatise the more extensively beneficial, the author has determined that the price to subscribers (fitted in blue paper) shall not exceed 25 cents."
Subscriptions to "Flood's Notes on the English Grammar" will be received at the Sar Office.
WE received no Wesleyan papers by the last mail.
The Democratic citizens of Philadel- phia, anxious for the re-election of Mr. Jefferson as President of the U. S. have appointed committees to form an address requesting him not to decline being a can- didate at the next Presidential Election.
There is now in the Press at Philadel- phia, a new Edition of the VISION OF COLUMBUS , by Mr. Barlow.
The New Hampshire Gazette states that in the late Congressional Election in that state, the Republican Ticket has prevailed.—Stores, Durell, Smith, Gard- ner, and Carleton, all Republicans, are chosen to the next congress by a majority or upwards of 2000 each.
Intelligence is received at Halifax that 5 of Strachan's fleet had been dismasted in the gale of last month. Several A- merican vessels were met in a similar situa- tion.
The WHOOPING COUGH is said to be effectually cured by rubbing the back- bone (well) night and morning, before the fire, with equal parts of rum and spi- rits of turpentine. An emetic occasion- ally promotes the cure.
The Political Observatory says that Andrew Wright, printer of the Northum- berland Spy, has been lately sentenced to 6 months imprisonment, for an alleged libel on Governor Strong.
The Rev. Dr. KOLLOCK, late Pro- fessor of Theology in the College of New- Jersey, having resigned his office, the In- vocations of that Professorship devolve, for the present, on the President of the Col- lege. Instructions in this science, and the same advantages to students of The- ology which have already been held out to the public, will always be continued in this institution.
SAMUEL S. SMITH. Princeton, Oct. 6, 1806.
Such Editors of public papers in the southern and western states, as are friendly to the College, will confer a fa- vor on it by inserting the above notice- tion, at least once in their respective ga- zettes.
Literary Ladies.—After all, except in some few instances, I am not very partial to Literary Ladies; they are generally of an impertinent, encroaching disposition; and almost always bring to my mind the Female Astronomer, who after applying her nocturnal Telescope for a long series of months, and raised the jealousy, as well as the expectations of the male- gazettes, declared her only object was to discover if there were men in the moon. Lord Lyttleton.
From the Hudson Bee. NEW CHURCHES.
On the 21st ult. a new Ep'cop'l Church at Troy was consecrated by Bi- shop More, under the name of St. Paul's Church. The next day another at Lan- singburgh, called Trinity Church was consecrated by him. On Friday the 29th another was to be consecrated at Charlton and another at Utica, in the same tour by the Bishop. The consecration sermon at Troy was preached by Mr. Judd, of the Church in this city. Thus all class- es of worshippers, from the members of the simple and apostolical camp-meeting to the tenants of the stately sculptured dome, find at least no impediment to the growth and prosperity of religion under the administration of Mr. Jefferson.
NORFOLK, Oct. 10.
Incendiaries....On Wednesday night a most diabolical attempt was made to set fire to the house of Mr. Wright Southgate on Main Street. It appears that the per- petrator of this horrid act had been at some trouble to effect the nefarious design. A coil of fire was wrapt in a piece of cot- ton, and over that a piece of newspaper, which had been dipped in oil, these were put into a piece of canvas, and put un- der the fire door. Another coil had been put into a deal box, which was in a cellar in the front of the house. A pane of glass being broken in the cellar win- dow prevented any noise. The box is much burned, and the door a little. Pro- videntially the fire went out, but the hor- ror which such an attempt excites, will it is hoped, induce an active and perseve- ring endeavour to discover the perpetrator.
From the Enquirer.
COMMUNICATION.
Among the various means adapted by party spirit and malice, for the condem- nation of Mr. J. Randolph, and those re- publican members, who thought and act- ed with him, during the last session of congress; not the least unfounded and important, is the fabricated story, that he was disappointed in the expectation of be- ing sent under a diplomatic appointment to Europe; and that a friend of his, Mr. Clark, carried about a paper last winter, to obtain subscribers, to be presented to the executive for this purpose. The whole of this is a base calumny.
The following narrative is a true state- ment of the whole transaction; and in order that it may be presented in its pro- per point of view, it must be recollected that in the course of the last session, many remonstrances were sent to congress from almost all the large commercial cities, a- gainst the conduct of the British govern- ment, in permitting and encouraging their cruisers and prize courts, in the capture and condemnation of American vessels, and recommending various expedients for obtaining redress for these aggressions. Some of them, particularly from B. Bos- ton, strongly advised an extraordinary mission to the court of St. James's as the most conciliatory and efficacious.
About this time too, a resolution pas- sed the senate countenancing this course of procedure. It then became a topic of general conversation at Washington, that a minister extraordinary was to be sent to London. And the conjecture was who this would be. The superlative talents of Mr. Randolph, his high standing before the government, knowing the general will, and possessing the confidence of the peo- ple, the great services he had rendered his country, the ardor and inflexible integri- ty of his mind, with the importance of the embassy, all combined to point him out as the properest person for the station. The members of congress who anxiously wished an amicable adjustment of our dif- ferences with Britain, could not be indis- creet to the expected appointment. The deepest interest of their country was the stake, and they felt a corresponding solici- tude; the eyes of many of them were nat- urally turned to Mr. R.—Of this num- ber was Mr. C. He mentioned the sub- ject to several of the most conspicuous members, most, if not all of whom, ap- proved the measure. Mr. C. then endea- voured to ascertain whether it was the in- tention of the executive to pursue this course, intending, if it was, to mention to the president, how agreeable it would be to the republicans, to give Mr. R. the ap- pointment. He was sternly informed, there was no thought of increasing the mission, as at that time there existed but little hope of terminating the dispute by negotiation; that the fullest confidence was reposed in Mr. Monroe, our minister resident, who was competent to any e- mergency. The subject of Mr. R.'s ap- pointment was then entirely dropped.
This is all that ever was done, and this too, without Mr. R.'s approbation or knowledge. As this matter was talked for several days, and in mixed compa- nies, Mr. C. thought it his duty to hint to Mr. R. the circumstances, not with a view to draw from him any expression of his opinion, but merely that he might be informed what was contemplated. Mr. R. turning to his friend, replied, "If I did not know you so well, I should sup- pose you were intent to me by the executive to buy off my opposition, which they fancy must take place from the course they pursue!" Mr. C. explained the reasons and motives of the suggestion, and nothing further passed.
This affair never having assumed any shape but mere conversation, was suppo- sed incapable of being misrepresented, or the cause of serious accusation; but what will not faction, party-spirit and preju- dice do? for long before the session end- ed, and after the circumstance had hap- pened; and after Mr. R. had come openly out, and used a bitter asperity towards some of the members, a gentleman one day came to Mr. C. and informed him that Matthew Lyon had just told him, that Mr. C. had been carrying a paper about to get subscribers to send Mr. R. ambassador to England, and had referred him to Messrs. Crowningfield and Con- rad for a confirmation of the intelligence. These gentlemen were, at the desire of Mr. C. instantly called out, who prompt- ly contradicted the charge, and the mem- ber returned with contempt and indig- nation to Lyon with the information. This foolish story being, as Mr. C. sup- posed, crushed in the embryo, was thou- no more of, and it would have forever continued unnoticed, but for a paragraph which appeared in the Enquirer of the 19th of September. The writer of this thought it justice to make the foregoing statement, every circumstance of which can be established in a court of justice. Oct. 1, 1806. HAMPDEN.
EXTRACT—Nachioches, 26 Aug. 1806.
"Mr. Freeman returned to this place on Saturday last, after having ascended 430 miles above this place, where the Spaniards had been waiting for him for five days. A little after the usual time for stopping for dinner, a detachment of the Spanish party amounting to 150 men, crossed the river in full gallop, with an e- vident intention to charge our party. Capt. Sparks with great address, took possession of an elevated bank, 30 feet a- bove the surface of the water; and the men being provided with rests for their rifles, in such a manner as to have made an impression—The Spanish commander appears to have perceived our advantage, and the awkward situation in which he had placed himself and brought his troops to halt immediately;—when a flag be- ing hoisted, a conference took place be- tween Mr. Freeman and the Spanish com- mander Vieme, who declared his positive
orders to be, not to allow any armed whatsoever to proceed beyond that place, and to repel by arms any attempt to pro- ceed.—The conference continued about half an hour, when Mr. Freeman con- ceived it to be his duty to return, con- sidering that the tract already explored was extensive, and the waters now become so shallow, that for the few preceding days they had to haul the boats over the land banks."
"Mr. Freeman describes the land ad- jacent to this river as almost wholly com- posed of prairies and thick cane-brakes; the latter are always an indication of rich land, and requires little more labour in clearing than that of a corn-patch."
"Yesterday Governor Claiborne ar- rived to concert measures with Col. Cushing respecting our situation, and to organize the militia. In his conversation he appears to feel very sensibly the hos- tile conduct of the Spanish forces, and if I may trust my judgment, something e- nergetic will take place at no great dis- tance of time. The Spanish force is sta- tioned about fifty miles from us, having fallen back to their former position on Bayou Pierre."
"This morning capt. Bowyer and his company arrived from Opelousas, and we expect three companies from Fort Adams. Boats having been sent for them 12 or 14 days ago; collecting this force here would appear to indicate a determination to force the Spaniards to recroce the Sabine. If such is the determination it puts the result of an engagement in our favour without risk, but the troops here could not be better pleased than to march with only two hundred men against the Spani- ards on this side the Sabine. We have no sort of apprehensions of danger here from any force the Spaniards can bring against us; the solicitude here appears to be led forward; and the only fear that the Spa- niards may escape without paying them for the trouble they have taken." Aurora.
FROM A PARIS PAPER.
SECOND ADDRESS TO THE BRITISH NATION.
Permit me to resume the history of the proceedings of your courts, in relation to the question of the trade with the co- lonies of your enemies, and indulge me to hope that it will excite a blush in the countenance of every honest Briton. Dur- ing the whole of the war of 1793, and the greater part of the existing one, this principle was either suffered to lie dor- mant, or when brought into exercise in a few cases, it was contrived to extend on- ly to cases of direct intercourse between the colony of the enemy and the mother country. The rights of the Americans to trade with the colonies, to transport the produce of those colonies to America, and from thence to Europe, was explicit- ly sanctioned by a long series of decrees, either never appealed from, or at least ne- ver reversed or even doubted. Sir Wil- iam Scott, the most intelligent Judge that Doctors' Commons has ever produced, sanctioned this right in a variety of cases, out of which I will cite the Polly, Las- ky, in which that learned officer declared "that if the landing the goods in Ameri- ca, and securing the duties, was not suf- ficient to break the continuity of the voyage, and to render of course the re- exportation of the goods lawful, he did not know what circumstances would suffice." In every case therefore where the goods had been landed, Sir William Scott or- dered the restoration of them.
Will it be contended, that Sir William Scott, an eminent practitioner in Doctors' Commons for 40 years, was ignorant of this principle of the law of nations? Or will it be contended that foreign nations are bound to admit a principle of doubt- ful authority, of which the most eminent men of the nation, most interested to ex- tend belligerent rights against those of neutrals, was ignorant after 40 years stu- dy?
Last year the court of appeals, consist- ing of three officers in the pay of the crown, in the case of the Essex, Orne, re- versed the decision of Sir William Scott, and laid down the monstrous rule, that the goods though landed in a neutral country, are still liable to seizure if re-ex- ported by the same persons who had im- ported them. Had these gentlemen sit- ting with their telescopic eyes some new pla- net, some new light in the science of the law of nations which justified such a de- parture from her former decisions? If they have, let them state the book and page. Sir William Scott is, however, still ignorant of this authority, because in the application of it to the case of the brig he acknowledges his former contradictory opinions, but says that, "now it is his duty to bow to higher authorities" without assigning a single reason for the opin- ion given by the higher tribunals.
This decision was the signal for hun- dreds of hungry privateersmen, and green- upon our defenceless commerce—and soon the ports of the channel swarmed with the ships of our unfortunate country- men. So long as it was possible to pre- sume, that these seizures were the effect of a simple decision of your courts render- ed in the ordinary course, unauthorised and uninfluenced by the cabinet's so long the indignation of the Americans has been in some degree repressed. But since the late pamphlet issued by the govern- ment, or at least under its sanction, sup- ports those decisions, and even proposes an extension of them, it is no longer to be doubted, that the reversal of the decision in the case of the Essex, Orne, was the effect of a decision of the cabinet, and a part of a deliberate system intended either to force us to renounce the advantages of neutrality, or to accept the alternative of the sword.
Thus then I have endeavoured to give a history of the rise and progress of this

ern law of nations, or to give it a force a little more conformable to its character, this modern decree of G. Britain against neutral trade. Let me here refer to a suggestion made by the British writers upon the subject of the late decisions; that the Americans cannot complain of not having had due notice, as the case of the Essex , Orme , was a sufficient advertisement to them of the principles set up by G. Britain. This reminds one of the old legal fiction, that every one is presumed to know the law; but I believe it is the first time it ever was applied in this manner between nations. What the American merchants are bound to know every decision of Doctors' Commons, and this too by a sort of inspiration, as soon as they are declared, though the Americans are at three thousand miles distance!
In fact many of the vessels were captured before the decision could have been known in America; by physical possibility, and while the Americans were acting under the sanction of Sir William Scott's decisions, published by Robertson, and spread throughout the U. S. Is it credible in point of fact that the Americans would thus throw their property into the hands of the British cruisers, if they had understood the extent and effect of the principles set up by G. Britain? How much more noble would it have been in the cabinet of your country, if its real design was to hinder the state rather than to crush the rising prosperity of the U. S. to have formally notified our government its intention to maintain this new principle?
The second doctrine advanced by your ministry during the late and present war, is the right to declare a whole country in a state of blockade, and this, whether there be ships constantly before the ports of that country or not—This sort of blockade by proclamation is founded upon the perversion of a very reasonable doctrine of the law of nations, that when a town or castle is actually invested, that is to say, is surrounded that its inhabitants have no means of getting out, and while there is a hope of reducing the town or castle, it shall not be lawful for a neutral to enter into the besieged or blockaded port, or to carry in any provisions to their assistance. It was reserved to G. Britain to discover, that under this very rational and limited doctrine, was comprised the right to declare all the ports of an enemy in a state of blockade, whether actually invested or not, and where there was neither a hope nor an intention of reducing the port of the country. Now there is another equally clear principle of the law of nations, and that is that neutral nations may lawfully carry on their trade with either of the belligerent nations without interruption. One of these two principles must then fall, for they cannot exist together. If a belligerent nation has the right to declare a whole country in a state of blockade, whether actually blockaded or not, or whether there be hopes of reducing the place or not, then the right of neutrals is entirely negatived, and may be expunged from the code of nations.
But it may be said that G. Britain keeps a fleet off the ports of her enemies which she declares blockaded. This may be partly true, but this blockade is merely nominal; it never has interrupted the intercourse of these ports with the other parts of the same country; nor is it done with the hope or intention of reducing the place by famine, which is the essence of the principle, and upon which alone the right to exclude neutrals is founded. This leads me to consider the wickedness and injustice of these principles as practiced by your government. These interruptions to neutrals are not done or permitted with a view of injuring the enemies, so much as with the design of aiding the commerce of G. Britain, or of checking the growth of neutral nations of whose prosperity she is jealous. That this is the case is manifest, because your government permits the free importation of the same goods to her enemies from her own ports that the prevents neutrals from carrying. It is a well known fact that American vessels bound to the Spanish colonies have been condemned in the Bahamas, their cargoes purchased by British subjects, and shipped for those very Spanish colonies under a license from council, with the king's own sign manual.
This is not merely confined to that trade, but in G. Britain itself, the commerce in the produce of colonies is permitted from the ports of England directly to the ports of the enemy.
It is not therefore to injure their enemy, it is not to cut off his supplies, that this vexatious warfare is carried on against neutral commerce, it is simply to arrogate to herself, to monopolize the advantages of a lucrative trade, and to check the too rapid growth of a nation whose prosperity she dreads.
This base, selfish, and abominable principle is explicitly avowed in the Pamphlet, which has lately been published and which I shall examine in another number. AN AMERICAN.
ON Sunday the 10th instant, in the prime of life, after a short illness, died Mrs. MARTHA CARTER, (consort of Mr. John D. Carter) the third daughter of Sackville King Esquire, of Campbell county.
In the discharge of the various duties of daughter, wife, mother and mistress, Mrs. Carter was affectionate and exemplary. Numerous relatives, three small children, and a fond husband, are left to deplore her premature fate.
For Sale, ONE NEGRO WOMAN and her two CHILDREN. For particulars enquire at the Star Office. tf.
THE Planter's and Farmer's ALMANACK For the year 1807,
IS now published and for sale, by Retail or wholesale , at the Star Office . Besides the Calendar pages, Eclipses , &c. &c. this Almanack contains a List of the County, Quarterly, Superior and Chancery Courts in the Commonwealth of Virginia—The Executive and the members of the Privy Council of State—The Judges of the High Courts of Appeals—of the Chancery Courts—The General Courts—and of the other officers of the Government—The members of the Senate, and of the House of Delegates—Also the Civil establishment of the United States, with the amount of Salaries, (not found in any other Almanack, for the ensuing year, that we have seen)—The List of members of the Senate of the U. States, and of the House of Representatives—The Supreme Judiciary—District Judges—Clerks to the U. S. Supreme, Circuit, and District Courts—District Attorneys, Marshals, Commissioners of Loans—Times and terms of holding the Federal U. S. Courts of Law—Department of the Federal Government, with the Salaries of the several Secretaries—Territorial Governors, Secretaries, and Judges—The amount of the salaries of each, with a variety of other matter, Agricultural, Moral, Useful and Entertaining.
A generous allowance will be made to merchants itinerant or stationary , or to others, who purchase to sell again.
At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Mutual Assurance Society, against Fire on Buildings of the State of Virginia, held at the General Office, on the 30th of September, 1806. The following Resolution was adopted, which is by order of the Board published for the information of all persons concerned, Viz.
A GREAT variety of causes having concurred to render it inconvenient & impracticable to complete the revaluation of those Buildings, in the Towns and in the country, which had been insured prior to the 30th of January 1805, at the period limited by the last resolution of that Board on the subject. Resolved , therefore, that the special agents of this Society be allowed till the first day of December next inclusive, to complete the revaluation of all buildings which have been insured as aforesaid, within the districts and towns for which they may have been severally appointed; and that no further indulgence, hereafter, will be extended to those members of the Society, who shall fail to have their buildings revalued, on or before the said first day of December next.
ALEXANDER M C RAE, F.M.A.S. Teile. Lewis M. Rivault, C.B.D. October 3. 1806. oooow.
To Mr. Benjamin Maccrae, of the State of North Carolina.
YOU will please take notice that we shall on the 22nd and 23rd days of November next, between the hours of 9 o'clock in the morning and sunset of each respective day, at the house of Austin Leitwich, in the county of Bedford and State of Virginia, proceed to take depositions which will be read as evidence in the suit now depending in the High Court of Chancery for the Richmond District, between us plaintiffs, and yourself defendant—and we shall further proceed to take the deposition of William Stansel at the house of John Smith in Pittsylvania County, on the 29th November, which will also be read as evidence in the said suit, on which occasion you are hereby desired to attend.—We are Sir, your most obt.
BARNABAS ARTHER, AND ROBERT POWELL. Franklin, Virginia, Nov. 15, 1806.
Runaway in Jail.
W AS committed to the jail in this place, as a Runaway, on Thursday the 16th instant, a negro man who calls his name NATT, and says he belongs to a certain Richard Herd, in the State of Georgia, Albert or Elbert county—he is between 30 and 40 years of age, a very dark skin, lost some of his upper fore teeth, has remarkable small hands and feet, was but badly clothed when taken, he had an old green plain round jacket, an ozanaburgs shirt, an old pair of home spun yarn Breeches, striped with yellow, and an old felt Hat, is mild spoken and appears humble when spoken to—He says he was endea d to make his way to Maryland, where he was entitled to freedom by devise —The owner of said negro is requested to come forward immediately, prove property, pay charges and take him away, or be will be delt with as the law directs.
JOHN DAVIS, jun. J. C. L. Lynchburg, 20th Oct. 1806. oooow.
WHEREAS that portion of the funds, of the Mutual Assurance Society against fire on Buildings of the State of Virginia, which belongs to the Country, is inadequate to the payment of the losses by fire, which have actually occurred, and which are exclusively chargeable on the Country funds, whence, has arisen the indispensable necessity, of calling for the payment of part of a quota, from the persons who have insured in the country, which requisition ought properly to be limited to those members who had insured prior to the happening of the great fire in Norfolk, on the 24th of February 1804, by which fire the joint funds of the society were nearly exhausted.
And whereas common principles of justice obviously require, that the part of a quota so to be called for, would place all the members (new and old subscribers) of the country part of the said society on an equal footing, which can only be done by requiring from those who had insured before the said 24th of February 1804, such part of a quota or quotas, as being added to the amount of the country funds, at the date of the division of the joint funds between the town and country would make a sum equal, or nearly equal, to the aggregate of the premiums originally paid, by those who had insured anterior to the 24th of February 1804.
And whereas the Board of the Directors of the said Society, have accordingly deemed it necessary and just, in conformity to a statement and estimate prepared and to them submitted by the principal Agent, to demand from each member who had insured a building or buildings in the country, prior to the 24th day of February 1804, part of a quota or quotas, equal to two thirds of a premium or premiums originally advanced by such member, to be paid on or before the 10th day of December next.
I do now therefore in pursuance of a resolution adopted by the said Board of Directors, hereby make known to all persons whom it may concern, that the said requisition of two thirds of a quota, on each building insured in the country as aforesaid, before the said 24th day of February 1804, to be paid on or before the 10th day of December next, hath been made for the causes aforesaid, by virtue of the authority vested in the President and Directors, by an act of the General Assembly, entitled, "an act for carrying into execution the constitution of the Mutual Assurance Society against fire on buildings of the State of Virginia, lately adopted at a general meeting;" and by the rules and regulations of the said Society.—And I do further hereby, in pursuance also of the resolution aforesaid, notify to all persons concerned, That every entrance on which the said two thirds of a quota shall be payable, under the foregoing requisition, will be forfeited, unless payment thereof, that is, of a sum equal to two thirds of the premium mentioned in the policy, be made on or before the said 10th day of December next; and such insurance will remain forfeited, until the payment of two thirds of a quota to withhold and interest thereon, shall afterwards be either voluntarily made, or coerced in the mode prescribed by law.
ALEX: M C RAE, President M. A. S. General Office of Assurance, } Richmond, 12th Sept. 1806. } 3w
NOTICE.
WILL be exposed to sale on Saturday next on the plantation whereon I now live, my flock of Cattle, Hogs, household and kitchen furniture—also Corn, Fodder, plantation utensils, &c. &c., too tedious to enumerate. A credit of twelve months will be given for all sums over Ten Dollars.
As I am about to move from the county of Bedford, such as are indebted to me, are requested to make immediate payment: and those who have claims against me are desired to present them for settlement.
GOODRICH SLAUGHTER. Bedford, 18th Octo. 1806. it
One Shilling & Six pence REWARD.
THE above reward will be given for apprehending and delivering to Joseph Stratton living in the county of Campbell and State of Virginia, an apprentice boy named Moses STEEN, who absconded from the subscriber on the 16th instant. The said boy is about nineteen years old—He had on when he absconded a brown coat, and ozanaburg shirt and pantaloons, and has a scald head.—Any person delivering the said boy to me shall receive the above reward, and no charges paid.
JOSEPH STRATTON. October 18th—1806. zw pd.
Notice.
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to me by James Mallory, for the purpose of securing a debt due from him, to Messrs. Smith and Taggart, of Philadelphia; will be exposed to sale for ready money, at Franklin Court house, on the first Monday in next month, Two Tracts of LAND , situated in the county of Franklin; one containing one hundred and fifteen acres, more or less, being the same tract conveyed to James Mallory by John Hiser, by a deed, now of record in the county court of Franklin: The other containing one hundred and one acres, more or less, being the same tract conveyed to the said Mallory, by Stephen Peters, by deed, also of record in the county court of Franklin—It is presumed that those disposed to purchase will make themselves acquainted with the titles and quality of the Land, as I shall only sell and convey with a Special Warranty, the right acquired under the conveyance from Mallory.
JOHN DABNEY, Trustee. Oct. 6th, 1806 oooow.
NOTICE.
I SHALL Petition the next General Assembly of Virginia, for leave to build a WAREHOUSE, for the reception and inspection of Tobacco, on my lots in the Town of Lynchburg.
ROWLAND JONES. 30th July, 1806. tf.
TO be rented, and possession given immediately, a very fine room, (half the garden and the use of a kitchen) in William Wallace's new building, on Cock street, one of the most healthy and convenient situations for a private family in or about Lynchburg.—For terms apply to
SIMEON ROBINSON. Lynchburg, October, 1806.
Black Smith
FROM the pressure of employment in the HORSE SHOEING line, and from the encouragement of my friends and the public in general in the BLACKSMITH'S BUSINESS I would wish to employ a sober, well disposed and good journeyman to the said trade. TWO brisk apprentices will be taken to the above business.
GEORGE ROBERTS. Lynchburg, August 26th, 1806.
Notice.
A PETITION will be presented to the next general Assembly of Virginia praying for the division of Amherst County.
A FREEHOLDER of Amherst.
Notice.
THAT a petition will be presented to the next general Assembly of Virginia, for leave to add the ground between first street and Black water creek to the town of Lynchburg.
JOHN LYNCH. 10th month, 1st. 1806 tf.
NOTICE.
THAT a Petition will be presented to the next general Assembly of Virginia, praying that an act may pass establishing an Inspection of Tobacco on the lots of Wm. Davis senr. in the town of Lynchburg.
10th mo. 7th, 1806. tf
AN APPRENTICE.
WANTED at the Star-Office a Lad between 11 and 15 years of age—The better his education, the more suited a d acceptable will be be.
ADVERTISEMENT.
TO be rented for One, Three, or Five years, and possession given on the first day of January next, the House and Lot occupied during the last three years by William Blake on the main Street, opposite Lynch's ware house. The excellence of the stand is sufficiently known. The garden is good, and now in fine order.—The terms may be known on application to
JAMES GRAHAM. October, 1806.
Notice,
IS hereby given that I shall petition the next general Assembly of Virginia, for the establishment of a Town on my land lying in the fork formed by the junction of Black water creek and James river—and also to establish a ferry from my said land to the land of John Lynch senr. on the opposite side of James river—likewise another ferry from my said land to the land of the said John Lynch senr. on the south side of Black water creek?
GEO: CABELL. October 13th, 1806. z.n.
Notice,
BY Virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to me by Thomas Tharp to secure the payment of a certain sum of money therein mentioned,—will be sold to the highest bidder for cash, before the Court-house door in the town of Liberty, on the 30th day of October next—the following Negroes, to wit: GRACEY, and JINNEY, and Jinney's youngest and only child a boy—or so many thereof as will raise the sum mentioned in the said Deed, together with the interest and all charges &c.
SAM. READ, Trustee. 2w
Notice.
THAT a Petition will be presented to the next general Assembly of Virginia for an Inspection of Tobacco to be established on the lands of Meredith Lambeth in the town of Lynchburg.
October 7th—1806. tf.
Doctor Wilson,
OF the city of Richmond having regularly qualified himself to practice Physic has engaged in the Apothecary business in the place.—He has just received at his shop opposite the stores of Messrs. John & Robert Gamble and Neal McCull his fall supply of Medicines, which embraces a general variety—Experience has too often proved that Physicians are disappointed and their patients injured or lost by adulterated medicines, or from the ignorance of Apothecaries—Knowing that it is of the first importance his object will be to prepare his medicines genuine and according to principles which regulate the practice of Physicians.
Physicians who live in or visit Lynchburg as well as retailers of medicines may be enabled to judge of his very low price by calling at the Office of the Lynchburg Star.
Families can be served with medicine chests or any article of medicine accompanied with proper directions as to its use.
Richmond, 10th September, 1806. tf.
FOR SALE, A Tract of LAND,
CONTAINING one hundred and twenty-one acres, lying on both sides of fishing creek, within three miles of Lynchburg—The above land is very fertile and well timbered—There is on the land a plantation in the best of order, a good dwelling house with a kitchen underneath, also good stables, lots, &c. and a young apple orchard containing 100 and 20 trees selected from the best orchards in Virginia.—Any person wishing to purchase may apply to the subscriber living on the premises.
WILLIAM JOHNSON, jun. September 29,—1806. 4t

TO HOPE. Fairest of Spirits! whole blest art Can save the writhing wretch's smart, A List' while thy humblest votary lings All the delight thy influence brings. Should some dear youth, with bosom brave, Join the bold wanderer's of the wave; Prompted by valor, should he go, Waft friends, and home, and love, be- low All that can humanize the heart, Or ron affoction of its dart; But 'tis his bleeding country calls, And each fond tie before that calls; In vain they strive his steps to stay, He rushes from their arms away, And flies where—proudly flows Diance to her foes, Where—fleets triumphant ride As far as Ocean rolls her tide. But while he runs his brave career, Each kindred bosom beats with fear; And when at night they seek repose, Should howling winds their eyes unclosed, Should lightnings flash, and thunders roar, And round their dwellings torrents pour, Then throbs the terror-stricken breast For him whom mountain-waves invest; Distressing agony, or fierce despair, 'Midst the red tempest's horrid glare, Fills each fond mind with tears of life, The tender mother, faithful wife! But let the madd'ning tempest cease, And nature sink to silent peace; Then Hope's best influence warms the soul, With restorative, soft controul; And thus the wife with winning grace, Eases each dreadful fear to chace:— "Tis true" she cries, "that here the storm, Did nature's fairest works deform; But still, I've heard that tempests fly With dubious wand'ring thro' the sky: It is, perchance, nor wind nor rain, Was felt where William roves the main; Or 'tis was felt, Hope bids me say, Its force was spent upon its way; Or it—but heav'n the thought restrain! It rag'd across the watery plain, With strength destroying, Hope still lives, And this exotic though she gives:— That though destruction round him flies, Tho' ten fold horror fills the skies; Even 'tis the crashing vessel's side Yawns to admit the foaming tide; Still the great God of mercy knows, And feels for man's untimely woes; He can yet my William save, And snatch him from the hungry wave!
AN ACCOUNT OF PRINCE WALES ISLAND. written in 1789 by Dr. James Howison, one of the surgeons to that Settlement.
This Island, which is described in the charts under the denomination of Pulo Penang, is situated in the entrance of the Straits of Malacca, in 100 deg. of East longitude, and in 5 deg. of North latitude. It is about six leagues in length, and five in breadth. Its northern extremity runs nearly parallel with the main land, at a distance of about two miles, by which a fine channel is formed, where all the vessels of Europe might ride in perfect safety, the height of the surrounding mountains acting as a barrier against the force of the prevailing winds. The climate, considering our near approach to the equator, is remarkably mild. Eighty degrees is about the mean height of the thermometer at noon, which during the night is seldom above seventy. Its salubrity, if equalled, is to be surpassed by no European settlement in the East. Out of a garrison of three hundred troops, (natives of Hindostan,) not one died for three last fourteen months; a most singular circumstance to be experienced by a new settlement in an uncultivated country.
I am of opinion, that this great salubrity may be the effect of a constant ventilation kept up by almost continued, but gentle breezes, upon a country where the uniform, but gradual, elevation from the sea to the foot of the hills prevents those stagnations of water, the existence of which in tropical latitudes has ever been found highly inimical to the health of man. A ridge of mountains, deeply indented and covered with evergreens, divides the island longitudinally. There a number of rivers receive their origin, whole waters, in pureness unequalled by the finest crystal, give beauty and fertility to the intersected plains. The shade afforded to their streams by the closeness of the cover from their source to the sea, admits of possessing a degree of cold seldom found within the tropics, and which
For the possession of this Island, the East India Company are indebted to the wisdom and penetration of Sir John M c Pherson, Esq., when Governor-General of Bengal. He immediately saw the advantages that the commerce of India would derive from a sea port so centrally situated, and at once accepted of the grant of the island offered to the Company by the King of Quedah, whose property it was.
in bathing is powerfully invigorating, to bodies relaxed by a vertical sun. The sense of pleasure produced by this amusement is too exquisite to be described, and can only be felt. The soil, which is light and sandy near the sea, gradually changes to a rich clay, on our approach to the high lands. Here the luxuriance of the sugar cane borders upon excess; and from the plentiful crops of rice with which the plains are now loaded, every thing is to be expected from their fertility.
Our gardens have already furnished us with cabbage and potatoes; and when our industry shall have reached the tops of the mountains, it will afford me but little surprise to see in our plantations most of the productions of Europe in their utmost perfection. Where the mercury will seldom ascend to summer heat with plants even natives of the temperate zones, the rays of a perpendicular sun will only give the necessary powers to vegetation.
In the decoration of the country Nature has been peculiarly lavish. An assemblage of flowering trees and shrubs, in perpetual bloom, and endless in the variety of their species, form the first shade. These are overtopped by forest trees of an immense height, which spread their wide-extended branches, and with their foliage afford protection to the tender blossoms of more delicate plants. Here strangers feel with admiration the effect of the breezes so strongly impregnated with the perfume of the woods. To the native, whole sense of smelling is blunted by long enjoyment, it is however less grateful.
The original animal productions of this island are very limited. Of quadrupeds, the wild hog, bear, and squirrel, nearly comprehend the whole. The absence of the tiger and leopard, whose numbers and ferocity almost render the opposite shores uninhabitable, amply compensates for this seeming deficiency.
Of birds we have also but few, one of which only is remarkable for the melody of its notes. The crow and sparrow, the never failing attendants on population, have but lately made their appearance; they are, however, now rapidly increasing and multiplying.
All the domestic animals arrive here at great perfection. The sea, which surrounds us, affords a vast variety of fish of the most delicate flavour, and its shores abundance of the finest turtle and oysters. In short, in an enchanting prospect, a fine climate, and the luxuries of the table, are requisites to happiness, we ought to enjoy no inconsiderable share of it.
Our central situation, which renders us accessible to all our settlements during every season in the year, and where the voyage from either is generally performed in fifteen days, and will seldom exceed a month, must, on the event of a war in India with a naval power, prove of immense advantage.
Timbers fit for the masts and yards of the largest ships can be procured in any quantity, with little trouble, and at a small expense.
The smoothness of the water admits of careening, and every other repair that can be accomplished without a dock; which, with the abundance of provisions & supplied from the main, constitute the grand essentials towards refitting of ships and refreshing of their crews.
The valuable trade in gold dust, tin, pepper, beetle nuts, and bird's nests, which is carried on in the
† In 1795, a good bullock could be purchased for 7 Sp. ds., and one hundred large pine apples for one dollar. The late Captain Pakenham, of his Majesty's ship Resistance, remarked, that at Prince of Wales Island his ship's company breakfasted, dined, and supped, on pine apples.
† This uncommon article of commerce is a nest of species of swallow built with the spawn of fish, which the bird collects from the surface of the sea. In several of the Islands contiguous to ours are deep caverns hollowed out in the rocks by the continued action of the waves, which abound with these birds, and which are farmed out during the breeding season by the Malay Princes to whom they belong. I have known a well-frequented cavern let for one season at a sum equal to good.
As the bottoms of the caverns are generally covered with the sea, the nesters enter them in boats, and are provided with ladders for the purpose of reaching their roofs, where the nests are always found in the greatest plenty.
From the entrance into the caverns being often too small to admit a sufficient quantity of light for discovering the nests, flambaus are used, which are kept burning with great difficulty, from the numbers of the birds constantly darting into the flame.
The gathering of the nests commences the beginning of February, and terminates by law about the end of March, when the birds are left to breed undisturbed. During this period, three nests may be procured from the labor of one pair; the second considerably smaller; and the third often scarce large enough to contain
Straits of Malacca, and for which we give in return opium and piece goods, the produce and manufacture of our own settlements, was, prior to our establishment, owing to the rapacious manners of the Malays, attended with the utmost danger. Now the case is widely different: a fear of punishment has produced an apparent honesty in their dealings, which their ruling passion for plunder will never admit of being sincere.
Our harbour, which is admirably calculated as a place of general resort for all the trading nations to the Eastward, whose demand for opium is immense, but whose ignorance in navigation is too great to admit of their extending their excursions beyond the mouth of the strait, will add considerably to our importance as a settlement.
The eggs, from the female being so hard pressed for time. China is the great market for this article of trade, where I have had the experience of their selling for four times their weight in silver.
In 1792, bird's nests were sold at Prince of Wales Island to the amount of forty thousand pounds sterling.
The Chinese make the nests into soups, and consider them of all foods the most powerfully provocative and strengthening.
• In a late correspondence with the author of the above account, we were happy to learn, that the sanguine expectations he had formed of the future consequence of this settlement so early as 1789, the third year of its establishment, had been in a great measure realized before his leaving it in 1795.
At that period, business were daily transacted in writing and speaking in no less than twenty different languages, European and Asiatic, and most of the latter in different characters. They were as here enumerated, and of consequence in the settlement according to their priority of arrangement.
Malay, Chinese, Siamese, Hindostanee, Malabar, Portuguese, English, Burmese, Achinese, Batta, Perse, Arab, Javanese, Buggeis, Persian, Bengalee, Armenian, Dutch, French, Danish.
The very rapid prosperity of this settlement is by him ascribed, in a great measure, to the appointment, by Sir John M c Pherson, of Captain Light as Governor on its first establishment.
From his great probity, mildness of disposition, and perfect knowledge of the language, character, and manners of the Malays, Captain Light was admirably qualified for the situation he held.
Description of the dock at Leith, in Scotland.
This dock, the first of the kind in North Britain, has been wholly executed within high water mark, which added greatly to the difficulty and expense of the undertaking. The space occupied by the dock is above five acres, but including the ground on its sides and ends, upwards of fifteen acres, have been taken from the sea: on these parts it is proposed to construct graving docks, building ships, sheds, and ware houses.
The sea wall of this dock being exposed to the accumulated swell from the German ocean, required to be strong; it is accordingly one of the strongest places of masonry we have seen, and is wholly composed of large ashlar stones, from a quarry at Rosyth, belonging to the earl of Hopetoun, laid in a mortar of Puzzolana. The stones on the outside of the wall are bound together by chain bars of iron, inserted in the different courses horizontally, and connected by vertical bars of the same metal; thus uniting the whole in one common mass. The binding the work in a manner with iron was a very necessary measure, as during the building of the wall it frequently happened that stones of several tons weight were displaced by the heavy eastern swell. The quay walls, and those of the entrance lock, are also fine massy pieces of masonry, and the whole are so constructed that every stone forms part of an arch.
This dock is only the first part of a most magnificent plan extending to Newhaven, where the principal entrance is intended to be made to the large dock, which will have depth of water sufficient to contain frigates of the first size; and the whole when completed will form one of the finest ranges of docks in the world.
The present dock, and other works connected with it, have occupied five years in the execution; the first stone having been laid on the 14th of May, 1801, under the magistracy of Sir William Fettes, who has also had the singular good fortune to see the work finished, and to preside on the present occasion.
The plans of this work are the production of Mr. John Rennie, of London, civil engineer, and they have been executed under the superintendence of Mr. John Patterson, of whose unremitting attention, as residing engineer, the style in which the work is finished, which has met the approbation of every one who has seen it will afford a lasting proof.
Grenach paper.
Negroes for Sale.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to us by Samuel Hill, to secure the payment of certain sums of money therein mentioned; Will be sold to the highest bidder, for cash, before the door of Seth Ward, in the town of Lynchburg, on the 10th day of November next, the following Negroes, To wit: Robin, Joe, Polly, old Winney, young Winney, and her six children, to wit, Temp, Harry, Hampton, Abraham, Juber and Garland, Beter and her five children, to wit, Rhode, Mariah, Ufula, Betsey and Parker, and their further increase, or so many thereof as will raise the several sums in the said deed mentioned, together with the interest, costs, and all charges attending the sale.
REUBEN NORVELL, } Trustees STERLING CLAIBORNE } 6th Oct. 1806. 3w.
FOR SALE, A TRACT OF LAND
CONTAINING about four hundred acres, with good improvements, lying on Ivy creek in Bedford county, seven miles above Lynchburg,—the soil is excellent for Corn, Wheat, and Tobacco, and lies convenient to three merchant mills—there is cleared land enough to work six or eight hands to advantage—all under good fencing. The terms will be made known by applying to the subscriber living on the premises.
JOSEPH POINDEXTER. October 6th, 1806. 4w.
HYMNS.
Just published and for sale at the Star Office, (Price, Twenty-Five Cents.)
A choice selection of Hymns:
This first part, contains the newest and so much admired Spiritual Songs practiced with such beneficial effects, during the late Camp, and other Meetings, in the counties of Amherst, and Bedford, and in the vicinity of Lynchburg.
GAMUTS
ALSO for sale at this Office.
To be sold,
ON Thursday the 30th day of October next, that valuable tract of
LAND
formerly the property of the late Col. David Robinson, lying on the north fork of Roan Oak in the county of Montgomery, about six miles east of Christiansburgh, containing about five hundred acres, forty of which are cleared and in good repair, nearly all bottom of the first rate, five acres of Timothy meadow, a beautiful situation for building on, near to a never failing spring of excellent water, the land is well timbered, and several cabins built thereon—Gentlemen wishing to purchase will be shown the land by applying to Mr. David Robinson near the premises—Terms of sale one sixth part of the price to be paid in hand, the balance as follows, viz. the one half in nine months, the remaining half in eighteen months after the day of sale, bonds and approved security will be required, and an indisputable title made by the subscribers.
WILLIAM ROBINSON, } Ex'rs. A. MONTGOMERY, } July 29th, —1806. 6w.
AN APPRENTICE.
WANTED to the Coach making business an apprentice, a lad of about 14 or 15 years of age. He must be smart, active, and industrious—None else need apply.
MILBY COTTINGHAM. Lynchburg, 15th September, 1806
FOR RENT OR SALE, A House & Lot,
IN the town of Lynchburg (No. 10.) rented of me for the last two years by Doctor G. Cabell Jun. In either case possession will be given the 15th December next.
SAMUEL IRVINE. Lynchburg, 30th September, 1806. 4w.
List of Letters
Remaining in the Post Office at Lynchburg the 30th September, 1806, which if not taken out by the 1st and December, 1806, will be returned to the General Post Office as due letters.—vix.
A. William Adams, 1. John Alexander.
B. John Brooke, John Bumpus, Mary Bradley, Edmund Brown, William Bailey, a. Samuel Burnett, William B. Banks, Mrs. Sally Bragg, William Barber, Absalom Bragg, Howard Bennett, Collins Bragg, Joseph Bradshaw, Jesse Burfett, Archibald Bolling, Jrn.
C. Lindsay Coleman, James Cagle, John Charlton, Robert Christian, Joseph Chilton, J. Cagler.
D. John Deprick, Gwilym & James Douglass, Robert Drayton, Miss Lucy Donald, John Dunn, Patsy Dauncy, Martin Dauncy, Jrn.
E. Benjamin Estes, Abner Early.
F. James Fisher.
G. Edmund Goodrich, David Gray, John Goodman, Beale Goodwin.
H. Bernard Hendrick, Thomas Harvey, capt. Lansford Harris.
I. Gabriel Jones, James W. Jopling.
L. John Lacey, William Lewis, Elijah Lynch.
M. Francis Meriwether, William M c Gaw, Richard Morris, George M c Lain, 2. capt. James Moorman, Daniel Marshall, Miss Sally McHone, Thomas M c Master, 2. Charles Monday, Weait Munson, Francis Mills, James Mallory.
N. Francis Oden.
P. Samuel Pannell, 3. Charles I. Price, William Peacock, John F. Powell, Thomas Purcell.
R. John Rakin, Jun. 2. Francis Rabincau, Mrs. Aphra B. Rose, Robert Rose, John Reid, John Richardson, David Ross, Jun. Ambrose Rucker, James Rucker, Robert Reil, Jacob Rohr, Samuel Richardson.
S. George Sullivan, Samuel Scott, Garrett Sneed, George Sanders, Alexander Shelton, Booker Shelton, Miss Elizabeth Strother, George Sneed.
T. Capt. Isaac Tinsley, John Tate, Jeff. Tate, Williston Talbot, William Tracy.
W. Benjamin Walrond, Jrn. 2. John Ward, William Watts, George Wheeler, Mar in Watts, Anderson Williams, Jacob White, Lewis Watkins. THO'S. W. COCKE, A. P. M.
FOR SALE A valuable Tract of LAND OR A HOUSE & LOT
In this place—For terms apply to the subscriber WILSON DAVENPORT. Oct. 7, 1806. 4w.
Notice.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to me by Delancy Holder, of the county of Pittsylvania, to secure the payment of a debt due to Reeves, Higginbotham, & Co. Will be sold to the highest bidder, on the premises, for ready money, that Tract or parcel of LAND, whereon the said Holder now lives; containing one hundred and forty acres, be the same more or less together with one dark bay Mare, one sorrel Mare, two leather Beds and furniture, Stock of Hogs, Cattle, &c. on Saturday the first day of November next.
JAMES ADAMS, Trustee. 1st Oct. 1806. 000w.
Notice.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to me by John Sanders, of the county of Pittsylvania, to secure the payment of a debt due to Stockley Turner, & Co. Will be sold to the highest bidder, for ready money, on Saturday the first day of November next, on the premises, the Tract of LAND, whereon John Sanders now lives, containing by deed, forty acres, be the same more or less: Together, with Three Feather Beds and furniture, a Pine Chest, one Sorrel Mare, Stock of Cattle and Hogs, and Kitchen Furniture.
JAMES ADAMS, Trustee. 1st Oct. 1806. 000w.