The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg, Va.), 1773-01-28 00:00:00

VIRGINIA
GAZETTE.
Open to ALL PARTIES,
but influenced by NONE.
ANECDOOTE of the late Dr. BARROWBY.
AT the time of the great contested election for representatives of the city and liberty of Westminster, in 1749, when Lord Trentham (now Lord Gower) and Sir George Vandeput were candidates, Dr. Barrowby greatly interested himself in favour of the latter, who was put up to oppose the court party.
At this period, he had, for some weeks, attended the noted Joe Weatherby, master of the Ben Johnson's Head, in Russel street, who had been greatly emaciated by a nervous fever. During the Doctor's visits, the patient's wife, not knowing that Gentleman's attachment, had frequently expressed her uneasiness, that her dear Joey could not get up and vote for her good friend Lord Trentham.
Towards the end of the election, when very uncommon means were used on both sides to obtain the suffrages of the people, the Doctor, calling one morning on his patient, to his great astonishment found him up, and almost dressed by the nurse and her assistants. Hey dey!—what's the cause of this? exclaims Barrowby; why would you get out of bed without my direction? Dear Doctor, says poor Joe, in broken accents, I am going to poll. To poll! replies the Doctor, with great warmth (supposing he was of the same opinion with his fair rib) going to the Devil, you mean; why, do you know that the cold air may destroy you? Get to bed, man, get to bed as fast as you can, or immediate death may ensue. Oh! if that be the case, Sir, returns the patient, in a feeble voice, to be sure I must act as you advise me; but I love my country, Sir, and thought, while my wife was out, to seize this opportunity to go to Covent Garden church, and vote for Sir George Vandeput. How, Joe, for Sir George? Yes, Sir, I wish him heartily well. Do you? says the medical politician. Hold! nurse, don't pull off his stockings again. Let me feel his pulse, Hey! very well, a good firm stroke. Egad this will do. You took the pills I ordered last night? Yes, Doctor; but they made me very sick. Aye, so much the better. How did your master sleep, nurse. O, charmingly, Sir. Did he? Well, if his mind be uneasy about this election, he must be indulged. Diseases of the mind greatly affect those of the body. Come, come, throw a great coat or a blanket about him. It is a fine day; but the sooner he goes the better; the sun will be down very early. Here, here, lift him up. Adad! a ride will do him good. He shall go with me to the Husting in my chariot.
The Doctor was directly obeyed, and poor Joe Weatherby was carried in the chariot to the place of poll, where he gave his voice according to his conscience, amidst the acclamations of the people; and, two hours after his physical friend had left him at his own house, absolutely departed this life, loaded with the reproaches of his beloved wife, and her friends of the court party.
ON TIME.
THE natural advantages which arise from the position of the earth we inhabit, with respect to the other planets, afford much employment to mathematical speculation, by which it has been discovered that no other confirmation of the system could have given such commodious distributions of light and heat, or have imparted fertility and pleasure to so great a part of the revolving sphere. This may perhaps be observed by the moralist, with this reason, that our globe seems particularly fitted for the residence of a being, placed here for a short time only, whose task is to advance himself to an higher and happier state of existence, by unremitting vigilance of caution, and activity of virtue. The duties required of man are such as human nature does not willingly perform, and such as those are inclined to delay, who yet intend, some time or other, to fulfil them. It was therefore necessary that this universal reluctance should be counteracted, and the drowsiness of hesitation awakened into resolve, that the danger of procrastination should be always in view, and the fallacies of security be immediately detected. To this end all the appearances of nature uniformly conspire. Whatever we see, on every side, reminds us of the lapse of time, and the flux of life. The day and night succeed each other, the rotation of seasons diversifies the year, the sun rises, attains the meridian, declines and sets, and the moon, every night, changes its form. The day has been considered as an image of the year,
and the year as a representation of life. The morning answers to the spring, the spring to childhood and youth. The noon corresponds to the summer, the summer to the strength of manhood. The evening is an emblem of autumn, and the autumn of declining life. The night, with its silence and darkness, shews the winter, in which all the powers of vegetation are benumbed, and the winter points out the time when life shall cease, with all its hopes and pleasures. He that is carried forward, however swiftly, by a motion equable and easy, perceives not the change of place, but by the variation of objects. If the wheel of life, which rolls thus silently along, passed on through undistinguished uniformity, we should never mark its approaches to the end of the course. If one hour were like another, if the passage of the sun did not shew that the day was wasting, if the change of seasons did not impress upon us the flight of the year, quantities of duration, equal to days and years, would glide imperceptibly away. If the parts of time were not variously coloured we should never discern their departure or succession, but live thoughtless of the past, and careless of the future, without will, or perhaps without power, to compute the periods of life, or to compare the time which is already lost with that which may probably remain. But the course of time is so visibly marked that it is even observed by the birds of passage, and by nations that have raised their minds but very little above animal instinct. There are human beings whose language does not supply them with words by which they can number four; but I have read of none that have not names for day and night, for summer and winter. Yet it is certain that these admonitions of nature, however forcible, however importunate, are too often vain, and that many, who mark with much accuracy the course of time, appear to have but little sensibility of the decline of life. Every man has something to do which he neglects; every man has faults to conquer which he delays to combat. So little do we accustom ourselves to consider the effects of time that things necessary and certain often surprize us, like unexpected contingencies. We leave the beauty in her bloom, and, after an absence of twenty years, wonder, at our return, to find her faded. We meet those whom we left children, and can scarcely persuade ourselves to treat them as men. The traveller visits in age those countries through which he rambled in his youth, and hopes for merriment at the old place. The man of business, wearied with unsatisfactory prosperity, retires to the village of his nativity, and expects to play away the last years with the companions of his childhood, and to recover youth in the fields where he once was young. From this inattention, so general, and so dangerous, let it be every man's study to exempt himself. Let him that desires to see others happy make haste to give while the benefit can be enjoyed, and remember that every moment of delay takes away something from the value of his bounty; and let him who purposes his own happiness reflect that, while he forms his purpose, the day rolls on, and the night cometh, when no man can work.
NEWPORT, (Rhode Island) December 21.
TO be, or not to be? That is the question: Whether our unalienable rights and privileges are any longer worth contending for is now to be determined. Permit me, my countrymen, to beseech you to attend to your alarming situation.
The stamp act you opposed with a spirit and resolution becoming those who were truly solicitous to transmit to posterity those blessings which our forefathers purchased for us in the wilds of America, at an immense expence of blood and treasure. But behold an evil infinitely worse, in its consequences, than all the revenue laws which have been passed from the reign of Charles the First to this time, now threatens this distressed, tragically plundered country.
A court of inquisition, more horrid than that of Spain, and Portugal, is established within this colony, to enquire into the circumstances of destroying the Gaspee Schooner, and the persons who are the commissioners of this new-fangled court are vested with most exorbitant and unconstitutional power. They are directed to summon witnesses, apprehend persons not only impeached, but even suspected! and them, and every of them, to deliver to Admiral Montagu, who is ordered to have a ship in readiness to carry them to England, where they are to be tried. Three of the commissioners are a quorum, who are directed
to apply to General Gage for troops to protect them in their offices, and preserve the colony from riots and disturbances. The Royal commission for these Gentlemen, together with their instructions, are transmitted to Admiral Montagu, who, upon being notified that they are convened in conformity to their appointment, is to attend them, and then deliver their commission and instructions, and to be aiding with his sage counsel and advice, whenever necessary. So much has transpired respecting this alarming star chamber inquisition; and who, among the natives of America, can hear it without emotion? Is there an American, in whose breast there glows the smallest spark of public virtue, but who must be fired with indignation and resentment against a measure so replete with the ruin of our free constitution. To be tried by one's Peers, is the greatest privilege a subject can wish for; and so excellent is our constitution, that no subject shall be tried, but by his Peers. This establishment is the grand barrier of our lives, liberties, and estates; and whoever attempts to alter or invade this fundamental principle, by which the liberties of the people have been secured time immemorial, is a declared enemy to the happiness and welfare of the King and State. The tools of despotism, and arbitrary power, have long wished that this important bulwark might be destroyed, and now have the impudence to triumph in our faces, because such of their fellow subjects in America, as are suspected of being guilty of a crime, are ordered to be transported to Great Britain for trial, in open violation of magna charta: Thus are we robbed of our birth rights, and treated with every mark of indignity, insult, and contempt; and can we possibly be so supine, as not to feel ourselves firmly disposed to treat the advocates for such horrid measures with a detestation and scorn proportionate to their perfidy and baseness? Luxury and avarice, a more fatal and cruel scourge than war, will ere long ravage Britain, and ultimately bring on the dissolution of that once happy kingdom. Ambition, and a thirst for arbitrary sway, have already banished integrity, probity, and every other virtue, from those who are entrusted with the government of our Mother country. Her colonies loudly complain of the violences and vexations they suffer by having their monies taken from them, without their consent, by measures more unjustifiable than highway robbery, and applied to the basest purposes, those of supporting tyrants and debauchees. No private house is inaccessible to the avarice of custom house officers; no place so remote, whither the injustice and extortion of these miscreant tools in power have not penetrated.
Upon the whole, it is more than probable, it is almost an absolute certainty, that, according to present appearances, the state of an American subject, instead of enjoying the privileges of an Englishman, will soon be infinitely worse than that of a subject of France, Spain, Portugal, or any other the most despotic power on earth: So that, my countrymen, it behoves you, it is your indispensable duty, to stand forth in the glorious cause of freedom, the dearest of all your earthly enjoyments; and, with a truly Roman spirit of liberty, either prevent the fastening of the infernal chains now forging for you and your posterity, or nobly perish in the attempt! To live a life of rational beings is to live free; to live a life of slaves is to die by inches. Ten thousand deaths by the halter or the ax are infinitely preferable to a miserable life of slavery in chains, under a pack of worse than Egyptian tyrants, whose avarice nothing less than your whole substance and income will satisfy; and who, if they cannot extort that, will glory in making a sacrifice of you and your posterity, to gratify their master, the D—l, who is a tyrant, and the father of tyrants, and of liars.
AMERICANUS.
LONDON, November 5.
AN extraordinary divorce is like to take place not far from Grosvenor Square: Two females of fashion, who professed the highest friendship for each other, and who were almost inseparable (the one a widow, the other a wife) being one night at an assembly, the wife complained to her friend she feared her husband was inconstant to her; the friend advised her not to fill her head with such fancies. The wife went home, but her husband not returning all night, she arose early, and flew to her friend to communicate her surprise; the milkwoman being at the door, and the maid engaged in talk with her, she walked

in without ceremony, d up stairs she went, where, she found her husband n bed with her friend!
The paragraphs which have appeared in the paper, insinuating that John Wilkes, Esquire, has sold his chariot and horses, must be fabricated by some ministerial hireling, to prejudice that steady patriot; for we are assured, for a truth, that he has only pawned them.
Mr. Wilkes having been so unsuccessful in his endeavours to gain preferment by his writings, is now determined to make trial of his abilities as an orator: His intention is to turn travelling preacher, for which purpose he is now under the tuition of the Reverend Doctor W——, and a very costly and commodious pulpit is making for him by the company of joiners, which is to be ornamented with the Basso Relievo of Lord Halifax, in imitation of the Rostras of Rome, which were ornamented with the stems or fore fronts of the ships of the antients, whom they had overcome. He intends to deliver his first oration in St. George's Fields, when he will illustrate and make his observations on the tragedy that was acted there.
MEMOIRS of the celebrated BOERHAAAVE.
HERMAN BOERHAAAVE was born at Woerhout, near Leyden, in the year 1668. This great physician has given us the institutes of medicine, which he wrote for the instruction of his pupils, and aphorisms upon the knowledge and cure of disorders. He may be stiled the Euclid of physicians, and these the elements of chemistry. This last work is considered as the masterpiece of this illustrious man, who has published several other useful works. From the time of the learned Hippocrates no physician has more justly merited the esteem of his cotemporaries, and the thanks of posterity, than Boerhaave. He united to an uncommon genius, &c. extraordinary talents, the qualities of the heart, which give them so great a value to society. He is painted to us as above the middle size, and well proportioned; of a strong, robust constitution. He made a decent, simple, and venerable appearance, particularly when age had changed the colour of his hair. In a word, he greatly resembled the picture that is given us of Socrates; he had the same features, but they were softened, and more engaging. He was an eloquent orator, and declaimed with dignity and grace. He taught very methodically, and with great precision; he never tired his auditors, but they always regretted that his discourses were finished. He would sometimes give them a lively turn with raillery; but this raillery was refined and ingenious, and it enlivened the subject he treated of, without carrying with it any thing severe or satirical. A declared foe to all excess, he considered decent mirth as the salt of life. Morning and evening he consecrated to study; he gave the public part of the time which intervened, the rest was for his friends, and his amusement. When health would permit, he regularly rode on horseback; when his strength began to fail him he walked on foot; and, upon his return home, music, of which he was passionately fond, made the hours of relaxation glide agreeably away, and enabled him to return to his labours with redoubled alacrity.
Boerhaave, at the age of fifteen, found himself without parents, protection, advice, or fortune. He had already studied theology, and the other ecclesiastical sciences, with the design of devoting himself to a clerical life; but the science of nature, which equally engaged his attention, soon engrossed his whole time. He practised physic, after being received Doctor in that science in 1693. This illustrious physician, whose name afterwards spread throughout the world, and who left at his death above two hundred thousand pounds sterling, could at that time barely live by his labours, and was compelled to teach the mathematics to obtain necessaries. His merit being at length discovered, many powerful friends patronized him, and procured him three valuable employments; the first was that of professor of medicine in the University of Leyden; the second, that of professor of chemistry; and thirdly that of professor of botany. The academy of sciences at Paris, and the Royal Society at London, invited him to become one of their members. He communicated to each his discoveries in chemistry. The city of Leyden became in his time the school of Europe for this science, as well as medicine and botany. All the Princes of Europe sent him disciples, who found in this skilful professor not only an indefatigable teacher, but even a tender father, who encouraged them to pursue their labours, consoled them in their afflictions, and solaced them in their wants.
When Peter the Great went to Holland in 1715, to instruct himself in maritime affairs, he also attended Boerhaave to receive his lessons. His reputation was spread as far as China. A Mandarin wrote to him, with this inscription, To the illustrious Boerhaave, physician in Europe , and the letter came regularly to him.
The city of Leyden have raised a monument in the church of St. Peter to the salutary genius of Boerhaave, Salutifero Boerhaavii genio sacrum . It consists of an urn upon a pedestal of black marble; six heads, four of which represent the four ages of life, and two the sciences in which Boerhaave excelled, form a group issuing between the urn and its supporters. The capital of this basis is decorated with a
drapery of white marble, in which the artist has shown the different emblems of disorders, and their remedies. Above, upon the surface of the pedestal, is the medallion of Boerhaave; at the extremity of the frame a ribband displays the favourite motto of this learned man: Simplex sigillum veri , Truth unarrayed.
Boerhaave, after passing an useful and agreeable life, departed this world in the year 1738, aged sixty nine, sincerely lamented by his friends, regretted by the worthy and the good, and revered by the great and the learned.
A receipt to clean the teeth and gums, and make the flesh grow close to the root of the enamel.
TAKE an ounce of myrrh in fine powder, two spoonfuls of the best white honey, and a little green sage in fine powder; mix them well together, and rub the teeth and gums with a little of this balsam every night and morning.
A liquid remedy for decayed teeth.
TAKE a pint of the juice of the wild gourd, a quarter of a pound of mulberry bark, pellitory of Spain and henbane, of each three ounces; roach-allum, salgem, and borax, of each half an ounce; put these ingredients into a glass body, and distil it in a sandy heat to dryness; take of this liquor and brandy, of each an equal part, heat them and gargle the mouth. It removes all putridity, and cleanses away dead flesh.
A remedy for sore gums and loose teeth.
BOIL oak leaves in spring water, add a few drops of spirit of sulphur, and gargle the mouth with a little of this decoction every morning while necessary.
A sure preservative against the tooth ach, and defluxions on the gums or teeth.
AFTER having washed your mouth with water, as cleanliness, and, indeed, health require, you should every morning rinse the mouth with a teaspoon full of lavender water, mixed with an equal quantity of water. This simple and innocent remedy is a certain preservative, the success of which has been confirmed by long experience.
A remedy for corns on the feet.
ROAST a clove of garlic on a live coal, or in hot ashes; apply it to the corn, and fasten it on with a piece of cloth, the moment of going to bed. Renew this application for three or four nights successively. It softens the corn to such a degree, that it loosens and entirely removes the core, however inveterate; afterwards wash the foot with warm water; in a little time the indurated skin, that forms the horny tunic of the corn, will disappear, and leave the part as clean and smooth as if it had never been attacked with any disorder.
NEW YORK, January 4, 1773.
Extract of a letter from London.
"We have the pleasure to inform the public, that the Countess of Huntington has purchased of the heirs of the late Reverend Mr. Whitefield, their rights in the Orphan House in Georgia, in order more effectually to secure to the British colonies the advantages of that seminary, and render it a public blessing. She has, to establish and superintend it, engaged proper persons, who are to sail in the Georgia packet for that place, and are expected to arrive there almost as soon as this account."
Extract of a letter from a Gentleman of character in London, by the last packet.
"I hear your militia are put on a good footing, and that you are marching and counter marching: It is well; but I am most desirous you should fortify; as sure as you live, if you do not, the town will be burnt about your ears in the next war; and in a couple of years, or sooner, such an event is like to take place."
Several letters from London by the packet say, that the Ministry are determined to use their influence in Parliament for a repeal of the act, imposing a duty on all teas exported to the colonies from Great Britain.
PHILADELPHIA, January 11.
Extract of a letter from London, dated November 4.
"Wilkes, you see, is defeated in his attempt to obtain the Mayorality, and I have reason to think he ever will be, as some of the most respectable among his own party have contracted, for very good reasons, a great aversion to him, and begin to see through his artful manœuvres, which are purely selfish, and tend to promote a general confusion, that he may get something for himself in the scramble."
"The Parliament, you see, as I conjectured in my last, assembles the 26th of this month, in order to take into consideration the state of the India company. The Ministry have already rejected the propositions they made for encreasing their capital, or borrowing money on bonds, as totally inadmissible, and with great justice. So they must lower their dividends, and contract many useless expences, and then they may soon be on a good footing again. I was at their General Court last Thursday, when the directors made their report of the supervisors. Some spoke against the measure of supervisors altogether; some for the necessity and utility of it; all against electing the majority of the supervisors from among the directors. Mr. Dempster's speech on this head, was, with justice, much applauded; he observed that a variety of military, legal, and civil talents, were requisite for the proper discharge of so very important
a trust (the greatest that had ever been committed to subjects) which, without derogating from the abilities of the Gentlemen nominated by his brethren of the court of directors, could not be expected to be found among them. In conclusion, it was agreed, that the form of the commission under which they were to act should be printed, and taken into farther consideration that day fortnight; postponing, for the present, the nomination of the supervisors, and of the instructions to be given them. We shall now soon see how the Parliament takes this matter up; it being allowed on all hands, that the company are unequal to the management of their great territorial acquisitions, and cannot fall upon methods to check the rapacity of their servants at so immense a distance."
"The present Ministry not only stand their ground, but gather strength every day; so that a change is apparently at a great distance. Lord North acts his part very well; spirited, firm, and cool in his operations; neither foolhardy nor over cautious, he proceeds in a way in general unexceptionable, and often praiseworthy; and his private character is without blemish. The other day he was unanimously elected Chancellor of the University of Oxford; an honour, very rarely, if ever before, conferred on the Prime Minister. In short, from every quarter it is apparent, that the people are, in general, well satisfied with our present rulers, and are duly sensible of the many blessings peculiar to this country. The discontent and scurrility with which our news papers are constantly filled, exist only in them, and are the productions of a few profligate individuals. You must therefore, in considering the present state and temper of this nation, put them entirely out of the question, otherwise you will be lead to make a very erroneous estimate of the times."
MR. RIND,
If you think the following HYMN worthy a place in your Gazette, be pleased to insert it, and you will much oblige
A CUSTOMER.
WHATEVER IS, IS BEST.
POPE'S ESSAY ON MAN.
JEHOVAH, Lord of Heav'n and earth, From whom all being took its birth, Good, wise, and pow'rful King! My abject thoughts refine and raise, While homage kindling into praise, I worship as I sing. With humble transport I admire Thy love, that active genial fire, Prone to create and bless: This will'd, in whatsoe'er should be, The greatest possible degree Of gen'ral happiness. Thy wisdom look'd all systems through, Of all, the best thy wisdom drew, To gain the glorious end: This saw from evil good proceed, And vice and folly thence decreed To noblest use should tend. Thus plann'd, in nature's quick'ning hour, Majestic God! thy wond'rous pow'r Fulfil'd the great design! This bid the spheres in order roll, This still sustains th' amazing whole, All perfect! all divine! Since reason's dazzled eye can find Love, wisdom, power, in thee combin'd; By reason 'tis confess'd, That all thy boundless goodness wills, Thy wisdom plans, thy power fulfils, And thus, what is, is best. Yet what thou doest, who knows to praise! Who justly what thou art displays! Or counts thy glories o'er! Before thee, Father, Lord of all! Let men and angels prostrate fall, And silently adore.
WILLIAMSBURG, January 28.
WE hear that Dr. GRAHAM, the celebrated oculist and aurist, at Philadelphia, is expected in this province early in the spring.
DEATHS.
Mrs. ELIZABETH TRAVIS, wife of Mr. Edward Travis, junior.
You who can feel another's woe May here your tender pity shew; Here drop the sympathetic tear, And wail a mother, husband, here: But weep not for the early fate Which did her soul to Heav'n translate; For sure 'twill be a welcome guest, In white rob'd innocence full drest.
Mr. JOHN SMITH, at his seat in Hanover, one of the Representatives for that county. He died without a child to pay the tribute of a sigh; but a "tomb of orphans tears are shed upon him!" He died without a parent to lament a son, but left mankind, who have adopted him with their grief!
SEVERN EYRE, Esquire, of Northampton. Is it not enough to mention that he is gone? We will not profane his name with empty adulation, but for his virtues refer the reader to the world who have felt their influence.
Mr. MAXIMILIAN CALVERT, eldest son of Maximilian Calvert, Esquire, of Norfolk.

Mrs. MARGARET GARRETT , housekeeper at the college.
On Friday last departed this life, in a good old age, at William and Mary college, Mr. JAMES NICOLSON , who for upwards of twenty years discharged, with the most unshaken fidelity, the many important trusts that were reposed in him by the professors of that seminary. The warm zeal, and sincere regard, for the interest of the college, which animated all his proceedings, will ever render his memory sacred to every friend of it. The genuine honesty of his soul was invariably indicated by that regularity of action, and independence of sentiment, which were the shining characteristics of his venerable conduct. By his indefatigable industry, and a moderate frugality, he was enabled to leave some mementoes to friends and relations of his esteem and affection for them; and to all that knew him, the noble example of an honest man, and a good christian.
Eheu fugaces — — — — — Labuntur anni; nec pietas moram Rugiet instanti senectæ Affer et indomitæque morti.
HORACE.
TREASURY OFFICE, January 29, 1773.
IT is with INFINITE concern that I find there is immediate occasion to caution the public against several very ingenious and therefore the more dangerous forgeries of many of the FIVE POUND BILLS , emitted in November 1769, and July 1771.
From the peculiar sort of paper on which these notes were impressed, the many different devices and checks with which they were guarded, it was hoped that they would have baffled the attempts of the most crafty and designing to counterfeit them. Suspicious, it seems, have been for some time entertained in the upper parts of the country; but it is only within these few days that the forgeries of the emission of 1771, and not till this morning those of 1769, have been detected and fixed upon with certainty. Let it be remarked, that in the genuine good bills of both emissions the ornaments, by some called the entablatures, by others the feathers, which are raised, and partly turned over, the mens heads in the coats of arms, are different, as the original devices are; the one is much broader than the other; the point of the halbert, or spear, held by each of the men in his left hand, runs up so as to touch the broad entablature, but in the arms with the narrow entablature, the point of the halbert falls considerably below it; so that this difference alone does not prove any of the bills to be forged, as it is common to both sorts. The five pound bills of both emissions, hitherto discovered to have been counterfeited, have all the coats of arms with the broad entablature, or feather, which, with all the other devices and types, very nearly resemble those of the genuine bills. Some of the most apparent, striking differences, in those dated 1771, are these: In the good bills the T W in the white water letters, under the signers names, appear plainly, when held up to the light, to be wrought in the texture of the paper itself; these letters appear to sink equally both on the faces and backs of the bills, and are equally transparent, whereas in the forged bills they appear to sink into the paper only on the face of them, as if done with a stamp after the paper was made, and appear a little raised on the backs of the bills. In the good bills the first double stroke of the W , wrought in the paper to the left hand, is wider where it joins the middle stroke than it is at the top; but in the counterfeits these double strokes are at equal distances, and nearer each other. The tops and bottoms of the T and W stand exactly square, and even with each other, in the good bills; but in the forged the right hand corner of the top of the T is generally raised above the top of the W , and sinks a little to the left hand. The bars, or white water strokes, observable in all writing paper, which runs down from the tops to the bottoms of these bills, are a little more than the tenth part of an inch wider from each other in the good than they are in the forged bills. The counterfeits of 1769 appear to have been made on a different paper; they all have the broad entablature, or feather; the bars, or white water strokes, above described, in these are near a quarter of an inch wider than in the true bills; nearly the same remarks may be made on these, in respect to the T W , as on the same letters on the other emission, both as to the double strokes of the W , and the situation of both letters, in relation to each other; but it is very observable that the left corner of the W comes very near to the bar, or white stroke, running down the bill in the counterfeits; but in the genuine bills the same corner is at a greater distance from the bar, or water stroke.
There are several other remarkable differences in both emissions, which cannot be so well described in writing, but which many Gentlemen, in different parts of the country, are made well acquainted with.
I cannot too earnestly again recommend it to all holders of the paper money not to suffer any thing to be pasted on the backs of the bills; such as are pasted will not be received at the Treasury.
RO. C. NICHOLAS, Treasurer.
DELAWARE LOTTERY, FOR THE SALE OF LANDS BELONGING TO THE EARL OF STIRLING.
THE public may be assured that this LOTTERY will be drawn by the 20th of May next; and till then no money will be required for TICKETS, which may be had of the subscriber, in Williamsburg. JAMES COCKE.
R U N A W A Y From Captain M C KILLUP'S BRIG, Lately stranded on E G G I S L A N D, A B O U T F I F T Y IRISH CONVICTS,
Many of which are said to have landed in Gloucester county. Whoever apprehends the said servants, and will bring them to me, in York town, or secure them in any gaol, shall have TWENTY SHILLINGS reward for each, and be allowed all reasonable expences. THOMAS LILLY.
C A N D L E S
Of all sorts MADE and SOLD by the subscriber, in Norfolk, for CASH, SHORT CREDIT, or COUNTRY PRODUCE. CHRISTOPHER CALVERT.
FROM New England and New York were shipped, last year, to Great Britain and Ireland, POT and PEARL ASH the value of near two hundred thousand pounds sterling; three fourths of which we must give the economical wives credit for, owing to their household ashes, which they save, and sell to the pot and pearl ash makers. It is now become a manufacture of so much notice that it is carried on in every town through New England provinces. In Russia, Hungary, and Switzerland, almost every family manufacture their own household ashes to pot ash, and carry it to market in small quantities, and there sell it to the merchant. And although the staple commodity of remittance in this colony, in tobacco and wheat, are equal, if not superior, to any other, yet if we can add one more to it, it must be to our credit, and an advantage to the community, as well as to the manufacturer. The landed Gentlemen here would reap great advantages by manufacturing their own ashes; for, on taking the method practised in other parts, of clearing their land, on one hundred acres, that are well timbered, they would have nine hundred bushels of ashes. These ashes will make 15 tons of pot ash, which would be worth here 600l. and where the labour is done by the family servants, the whole expence attending it will not amount to 300l. The apparatus for this purpose will not cost more than 20l.—The subscriber now acquaints the public that they may have of him, at the house of Mr. Freer Armistone, in Norfolk, for a reasonable premium, the process of making POT and PEARL ASH, warranted to answer the design, with a method of clearing land of the wood, so that the ashes, when burnt, and made into pot ash, will answer the above calculation. Numbers of Gentlemen in Maryland, and other northern provinces, have bought the process, and are now taking the method prescribed for clearing their lands, and making pot ash. BENJAMIN LEIGH.
To be SOLD, at public auction, on the premises, on Thursday the 28th of February,
A TRACT OF LAND, pleasantly situated on Mattaponi river, in King & Queen county, containing about 650 acres, whereon is a genteel two story brick house, and convenient outhouses, all of brick, and in good repair; also a large warehouse, 60 by 24, with a brick cellar the length of the house, and within 30 yards of a wharf, where vessels of a hundred tons may load. One half the purchase money to be paid on the 25th of October next, and the other half on the 25th of April, 1774, the purchasers giving bond, with approved security, to JOHN MEREDITH.
*** There are, belonging to the above mentioned tract of land, 100 acres of marsh, on the other side the river, which will be sold with the land. Likewise, at the same time and place, will be sold, on twelve months credit, all my stock of horses, cattle, hogs, &c. with a considerable quantity of household and kitchen furniture. J. M.
To be SOLD, on Tuesday the 16th of February, pursuant to the last will and testament of Captain Servant Jones, deceased, in Warwick county,
ALL his personal estate, consisting of Negroes, flocks of different kinds, &c. Twelve months credit will be allowed, on giving bond, with approved security, to THE EXECUTORS.
WHEREAS I intend shortly to remove from the place where I now live to Fincastle county, on the Western waters, it is expected that all those Gentlemen who have business to do with me will attend at the Raleigh tavern in Williamsburg, where I shall be from the 15th of April next to the 25th of said month, in order to have all those accounts which are now unsettled properly adjusted. ISRAEL CHRISTIAN.
ALL persons who have any demands against the estate of Major Travers Turpley, late of the county of Richmond, deceased, are desired to send their accounts, properly proved, to the subscribers, on or before the last of April next. As we then intend to settle our accounts with that estate, we shall not think ourselves liable for any debts that shall be demanded after that time.
JOHN BELFIELD, RICHARD MITCHELL.
NORFOLK, January 25, 1773.
THE subscriber intends for the West Indies soon, and returns in a few months.
ROBERT TAYLOR.
A SCHOOLMASTER, capable of teaching READING, WRITING, and common ARITHMETIC, will meet with very good encouragement by applying to the subscriber in Mecklenburg. PEYTON SKIPWITH.
A YOUNG man, who understands accounts, and can be well recommended, would willingly engage with a merchant, or private Gentleman, on reasonable terms. Apply to the printer hereof.
RUN away from the subscriber, in King George, on Wednesday the 30th of December, a Virginia born Negro fellow named WILL, about 40 years of age, is very tall and slender, has a long visage, very talkative, and is by trade a carpenter; had on an oznabrig shirt, a Negro cotton coat and breeches of a green colour, a spotted jacket of the same, and a pair of white Virginia knit stockings. I will give THREE POUNDS to any person who will deliver the said slave to me, and FORTY SHILLINGS to secure him in any gaol, and give notice thereof. I do strictly forewarn all masters of vessels from carrying him out of the colony. JOHN TALIAFERRO.
TAKEN up, in Cumberland, 5 hogs, about 2 years old, most of them white, marked with a crop in the right ear, and a swallowfork and underkeel in the left. Posted, and appraised to 5l. LITTLEBURY MOSBY.
TAKEN up, in Mecklenburg, a bay mare, about 3 years old, 4 feet 3 or 4 inches high, has some saddle spots, a star in her forehead, and docked, but not branded. Posted, and appraised to 8l. WILLIAM ALLEN.
TAKEN up, near Staunton, in Augusta, a bay horse, about 14 hands high, 9 or 10 years old, with a blaze and snip, a long scar on his back, his hind feet white, trots and paces, and has no perceivable brand. Posted, and appraised to 8l. JOHN BINGHAM.
THE short notice of my sale preventing the attendance of purchasers, I propose selling the same SLAVES at Frederickburg on the 3d day of February, if fair, if not, the next fair day. Credit for one half till the 1st day of May, and for the other half till the 1st day of November next, the purchaser to get the engagement of some merchant to undertake for the payment at the time appointed. The few that attended the former sale can testify that they never saw so many young and likely slaves at one sale. As I sell forty three, and twenty more are now appointed to be sold on the same day, and as I shall have a dozen to hire out, it is supposed any person that wants may suit himself. Those who hire are to give bond and security for the payment of the same, and delivering up the slaves at the expiration of the year. JAMES MERCER.
WILLIAMSBURG, January 21, 1773.
T O B E S O L D,
THE HOUSE and LOT adjoining me, wherein I formerly lived. Twelve months credit will be allowed the purchaser, on giving approved security. WILLIAM PASTEUR.
NORFOLK, January 5, 1773.
WHEREAS the partnership of Bolden, Lawrence, and company, expired on the 1st of this instant, this is therefore to request all persons indebted to them to pay off their accounts immediately, or settle their balances by bond, and those to whom they are indebted are desired to apply, and receive payment. The business of the house will be continued, and carried on to its usual extent, by JOHN LAWRENCE, and company.
To be LET, to the lowest bidder, on the second Monday in March next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, on the land of Joshua Evans, in Cameron parish, Loudoun county,
THE building of a BRICK CHURCH 53 by 40, two feet in the clear, and the walls to be 28 feet high from the surface. One hundred and fifty pounds will be paid the undertaker the day the work is let, he giving bond, and approved security. Three hundred and fifty pounds more will be paid in June next; and the other payments to be agreed on the day the work is let. Any person inclined to engage in the said building is desired to attend at the time and place appointed. JOHN MOSS, JEREMIAH HUTCHISON, } Churchwardens.

General Post Office, New York, Nov. 1, 1771. NOTICE is hereby given, that on account of the new regulation of the post from Canada , which is to arrive every Tuesday evening at this office, and the weekly post from the eastward and southward arriving every Wednesday , the mail going from hence by the packets will, for the future, be closed at twelve o'clock at night, on the first Wednesday in every month (being the same time it closes at the General Post Office in London for America ) and a packet dispatched therewith, the next day, for Falmouth .
By command of the Deputy Postmaster General. ALEXANDER COLDEN , Secretary.
FALLS of POTOMACK, Sept. 10, 1772.
THE subscriber am the manufacturer of SNUFF and TOBACCO , who formerly resided at Bla- denburg , in Maryland , and at this time have a quantity of very good old snuff by me, grown better by age, which I would willingly dispose of by wholesale on very reasonable terms; that is, in such a manner as to allow the purchaser a very good profit in retailing it. Those who incline to become customers to me may be furnished with any quantity on notice given, and it shall either be packed in Weston's or Kippen's bottles, or in country made pots, agreeable to orders. From my own observation, patriotism in Virginia and Maryland is not so dormant but it may be awakened by a proper application to a person's real interest; and I am convinced that many Gentlemen, through choice, and taste likewise, would prefer mine to foreign snuff, provided they could be furnished with it in their own neighbourhood; which induces me to think that the Gentlemen merchants can have no objections to procure it for them, when I can assure them that customary commissions will be allowed them, or that they will have a sufficient profit in retailing it. However, such Gentlemen as would take one dozen bottles, or more, at a time, and lodge payment for the same with some merchant convenient to them, shall have it at my wholesale prices; and I will engage to deliver the same to their orders at general landing places, on both sides of the rivers Potomack and Rappahannock , and at Norfolk for Gentlemen on York and James rivers, they paying package and freight, the charge whereof will be very small, and shall not forget to recommend it to the care of their merchant. The prices will be as follow: For one dozen, or more, of snuff, commonly called plain Scotch , in Kippen's bottles, three dollars per dozen; in Weston's bottles five dollars per dozen; and in proportion for pots. Those who chuse it, may have the snuff packed in bulk, either in large pots of twelve to twenty pounds each, or in tight casks from thirty or forty pounds each, to four or five hundred pounds, at two shillings and eight pence, Maryland currency, per pound, payable in dollars, at seven shillings and six pence each, exclusive of the charge for pot or cask. I likewise make round high toast at two shillings and six pence, rappee at four shillings, and Spanish snuff at five shillings, Virginia currency, per pound, when six pounds, or more, are taken at a time. The two latter kinds, either plain or scented, at choice of the purchaser. I would gladly enforce an encouragement of my manufacture by a reiteration of my good opinion of the taste of the Gentlemen and Ladies of Virginia and Maryland , as well as of the readiness and willingness of the merchants to oblige them, by taking quantities of me for the purpose of retailing; and would recommend it to Gentlemen at a distance to give their orders to their merchant, who will forward them to me; all which orders shall be strictly and punctually complied with, both as to the kinds of snuff they may direct, and in every other respect. Those Gentlemen merchants who may receive snuff from me, to be distributed by them to Gentlemen in their neighbourhood, shall be entitled to 10 per cent. for their trouble; and I only request from them a remittance of the balance, after deducting their commissions. A collection of all orders that may be offered them is therefore desired, and their forwarding them to me immediately by post, or otherwise, will be acknowledged a particular favour. I would likewise furnish cut tobacco of two sorts, viz. shag and saffron; the first for chew, the latter for the pipe; provided orders of consequence enough to induce me to manufacture it are timely received. The price of each will be nine pence, Virginia currency, per pound, by the dozen, and in smaller quantities at ten pence per pound. I have now only to observe that those Ladies and Gentlemen who are not already acquainted with the quality of my snuff and tobacco (which I affirm to be good) may receive information from many Gentlemen concerning it, in most parts of Virginia and Maryland , who have heretofore had trial of both; and I with for no other recommendation. I humbly conceive that the interest of the public is concerned in the encouragement of country manufactures, and I shall, in future, if properly supported by it, in this very useful branch of its commerce, gratefully acknowledge the favours that may be conferred on the public's very humble servant,
RICHARD THOMPSON.
J U S T P U B L I S H E D, And to be SOLD, wholesale and retail, By WILLIAM RIND, HYMNS AND SPIRITUAL SONGS, Collected from the WORKS of several AUTHORS. IN THREE BOOKS. I. ON BAPTISM. II. ON THE LORD'S SUPPER. III. ON VARIOUS OCCASIONS. Large allowance will be made to those who purchase to retail.
HANOVER town, January 1, 1773. I HEREBY give notice that against the 1st of March next the business now under my management will be put into the hands of Mr. John Davis , who has full power to settle and collect the debts due to Messrs. Murdochs, Donalds, and company, contracted at the stores kept at Boswell's by Mr. William Donald , and at this place by me. As many people have hitherto put off the settlement of their accounts, they cannot expect longer indulgence, unless their debts are ascertained; for which purpose I will give constant attendance here till the 1st of March, except the time of the merchants meeting in Williamsburg , and some of the adjoining county court days, which can be no inconvenience to those who come to settle, as Mr. Davis , who is thoroughly acquainted with the business, will then attend. The debts due to Messrs. Andrew Cochran, Robert Donald, and company, will be collected by Mr. Richard Morris , as formerly.
JOHN JOHNSON.
To be SOLD, the 15th of February next, agreeable to the last will and testament of John Denton, deceased, in Brunswick ,
A TRACT of LAND containing about 274 acres. Twelve months credit will be given for one fourth of the purchase money, and annual payments of a quarter part for the remainder. Likewise another tract of about 140 acres. Twelve months credit will be allowed for one half the purchase money, and two years credit for the other half.
THE EXECUTORS.
J U S T P U B L I S H E D, And to be SOLD, by EDWARD CUMINS, At the NEW PRINTING OFFICE In WILLIAMSBURG,
T H E S T O R E R, OR THE A M E R I C A N S Y R E N : B E I N G A C O L L E C T I O N OF THE NEWEST AND MOST APPROVED S O N G S. Price one PISTEREEN.
TAKEN up, in Prince William , a bay mare, branded on the off buttock X, has a few white hairs in her forehead, a switch tail, and is 14 hands high. Posted, and appraised to 10l.
ELY HARPER.
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
RUN away from the subscriber, living in Westmoreland , the 12th of August , an Irish convict servant man named MATTHEW THARP , by trade a gardener, about 5 feet 5 inches high, well made, much pitted with the smallpox, has short dark hair, but generally wears a dark wig over it clubbed; had on, and took with him, a pair of leather breeches, light coloured cloth coat, old striped jacket, several white and oznabrig shirts, one check ditto, an old brown holland coat, striped holland trowsers much stained, shoes and stockings of many sorts, a hat almost new, with a band and buckle. This fellow was convicted last June Oyer Court was a twelvemonth for horsestealing. Any person that will secure him in any of his Majesty's gaols, so that I get him, shall receive the above reward.
JOSEPH PEIRCE.
N. B. I have reason to believe he has taken a half blooded bay mare, as I cannot find her; she is about 14 hands high, and without a brand.
TAKEN up, in Pittsylvania , a dark bay mare, with some white hairs in her face, three or four years old this spring, about 13 hands high, and branded on the off shoulder and buttock S. Also an iron grey mare, neither docked nor branded. Posted, and appraised to 10l. each.
CHARLES DUNCAN.
WHEREAS I have passed a note of hand to a certain William Ashford for thirty pounds Virginia currency for a horse the said Ashford brought from North Carolina , which horse I have reason to suspect he did not come honestly by, I therefore forewarn all persons from taking an assignment of the said note, as I will not answer it.
AUGUSTUS DARRELL.
COMMITTED to the gaol of Accomack a runaway slave, about 21 years of age, 5 feet 4 inches high, very likely, and has a scar over his left eye, at his first commitment said he belonged to Mr. Otto Ball on James river, but now says he belongs to Mr. Morgan Sabb in Charlottesville , South Carolina , and formerly was the property of Mr. Cornelius Duvick of Maryland , and was sold by Capt. Benjamin Hammond to the said Sabb , and that his own name is ABNER ; had with him, when taken up, two oznabrig shirts, and one pair of trowsers. He says he has been from his master two or three years, and has followed the water ever since. The owner, on proving his property, and paying charges, may have him of ISAAC DUNTON , Sheriff.
TAKEN up, in Prince William , a black mare about 13 hands high, branded on the near buttock C, has a small star, some saddle spots, paces naturally, and has on a small bell.
JAMES WARDEN.
RUN away from the subscriber, at Petersburg , about the middle of September last, a very likely Negro man named PHIL , about 20 years of age, of a yellowish complexion, about 5 feet 9 inches high, and proportionably made; he is a native of Africa , but speaks broken English , having been some years in the West Indies , and has lost two joints off two of his fingers on his right hand; had on an oznabrig shirt, an old Virginia cloth waistcoat, with a new Negro cotton jacket over it, and a pair of old check trowsers. As he has been used to the sea, he will probably endeavour to get on board some ship, and make his escape out of the colony; all masters of vessels are therefore forewarned from harbouring or carrying him off, at their peril. I will give THREE POUNDS reward to any person who will deliver said slave to me, or to Mr. Hugh McMeikin at Portsmouth , and FORTY SHILLINGS to secure him in any gaol, and give notice thereof.
THOMAS GORDON.
F O R S A L E,
ABOUT eleven hundred ACRES of LAND, lying in Orange county, thirty miles from Fredericksburg , on the road to the courthouse. For particulars enquire of Capt. Reubin Daniel , who is empowered to treat for the same. The land may be laid off in parcels, as best suit the purchasers. An indisputable title will be made, and twelve months credit allowed.
GEORGE DANIEL.
WE the subscribers take this method of informing the public that a stage is now carried on between Philadelphia and Baltimore , by the way of Wilmington and Charles Town : The advantages that will attend this stage, we hope, will induce every person that wants a quick dispatch to Baltimore to favour us with their custom. As Wilmington is situated on Christiana , two miles from Delaware river, and Charles Town , on North East river, eight from the mouth of Elk river, we shall never be detained by contrary winds, which is frequently the case with other stages. Foudrey and Bush's stage leaves the Crooked Billet wharf, in Philadelphia , every Wednesday , and returns every Friday : Patrick Hamilton's stage waggon leaves Charles Town every Thursday , and returns every Friday from Wilmington ; and his packet leaves Charles Town every Saturday , and returns every Wednesday . Passengers pay from Philadelphia to Wilmington two shillings; from Wilmington to Charles Town five shillings; from Charles Town to Baltimore four shillings. Goods are received in Philadelphia by Messieurs Edwards and Marris , Chestnut street wharf.
PATRICK HAMILTON, FOUDREY AND BUSH.
WARWICK, November 1, 1772.
THE subscriber has for sale about five thousand acres of LAND, lying in different parts of Pittsylvania county, and mostly upon Smith's river, the soil of which is well calculated either for making tobacco or hemp. The terms may be known by applying to John Rowland , who lives near the land, and will shew it to any person inclining to purchase.
PATRICK HUNTER.
WARWICK, October 25, 1772.
AS the store formerly kept by Alexander Stewart at Rocky Ridge , for James and Robert Donald , and company, is now broke up, and the debts put into my hands to collect, all those indebted for dealings there are desired to pay off their accounts immediately, or settle their balances by bond; and those who have any demands against the store are desired to apply to me for payment.
PATRICK HUNTER.
Who has for sale a TRACT of LAND lying on the forks of Roanoke , in Mecklenburg county, containing about 600 acres, on which is an exceeding good dwellinghouse, storehouse, and other necessary buildings, as also several valuable improvements. As the land lies within sixteen miles of the courthouse, and eighty from Petersburg , it would answer any person very well who intends keeping a back store.
WILLIAMSBURG: Printed by WILLIAM RIND , at the NEW PRINTING OFFICE, on the Main Street. All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12/6 per Year. ADVERTISEMENTS of a moderate Length are inserted for 3/ the first Week, and 2/ each Time after; and long ones in Proportion.