The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1793-11-04 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1793.
[NUMBER 155—VOL. 3.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
NOTICE.
BEING sworn in, at the last Worshipful Court of Berkeley County, to collect the arrears of taxes, clerks fees, &c. due JAMES CRANE, late of Berkeley, deceased, as a former Deputy Sheriff for said County. I therefore earnestly request all persons in arrearages in like manner, to make immediate provision for payment, or they will be compelled as the law directs, which will be very disagreeable to me, as no longer indulgence can or will be given. JOSEPH CRANE.
October 23d, 1793.
SOME time in the month of August last, I gave a promissary note to John Phillips, for fifteen pounds, Pennsylvania currency, payable the first instant, in consideration for a horse sold me by said Phillips, but as said horse does not prove sound, agreeable to contract, I hereby caution all persons against taking an assignment on said note, as I am determined not to pay it, unless compelled thereto by law. CHRISTOPHER BRIDENHART.
Martinsburg. October 28, 1793.
NOTICE.
ALL Persons who stand indebted to me in any manner, are desired and earnestly requested, to make an early provision for the payment of the several sums which are due; those who neglect the observance of and compliance with this request, will not I hope blame me for commencing suits against them, which I am determined to do.
MOSES HUNTER.
Martinsburg, 17th October, 1793.
THE Subscribers respectfully inform their Friends and the Public, that they will receive raw cloth at Mr. Seth Duncán's, (formerly Mr. Thomas Duncán's) in Martinsburg, and return the same when dressed the first day of Court following. We return thanks to those who have favoured us with their custom, and those who wish to continue, may depend on due attention, and an immediate dispatch, by
THOMAS BUTTERFIELD, and Co.
October 28, 1793.
FOUR DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away from the Subscriber, an apprentice boy named ZACHARIAH LOVLAND bound to the blacksmith trade, about nineteen years of age, six feet high, and fair complexion. Whoever apprehends said apprentice and brings him to me, shall receive the above reward and reasonable charges, paid by
SAMUEL McCLELLAND.
Mill-Creek, Berkeley County, October 20, 1793.
ALL persons having any demands against the Subscriber, are requested to bring them in for settlement; and those who are indebted to him, are desired to make provision for payment, as he is determined immediately to settle all his accounts both in favor or against him.
The tailoring business is still carried on by him, in its fullest extent; any demand for a suit of clothes can be completed in three days, and other work in the usual proportion of time, executed with neatness, and in the newest taste.
GEORGE TILLEY.
Martinsburg, October 28, 1793.
At a Court held for Berkeley County, the 20th day of August, 1793.
Simeon Hiatt,
Compt.
against
Upon an Injunction.
Isaac Hiatt and James Hiatt, Defts.
THE defendants not having entered their appearance, agreeable to an Act of Assembly and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that they are not inhabitants of this commonwealth. On the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the third Tuesday in November next, and answer the bill of the Complainant; and that a Copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette, for two months successively, and published at the church door, in the parish of Norborne, on some Sunday immediately after divine service, and also at the door of the Court House of the said county.
A Copy.
Teste.
MOSES HUNTER. C. C.
An account of the origin, symptoms and treatment of the epidemic fever, which now prevails in the city of Philadelphia, in a letter from Dr. BENJAMIN RUSH to Dr. JOHN RODGERS, physician in New York.
My dear friend,
IN compliance with your request, I sit down at a late hour, and after a busy day, to give you a short account of the origin, symptoms, and treatment of the fever, which has prevailed with so much mortality in our city, for the last six weeks.
I shall begin by observing, that I have satisfactory documents to prove, that the disease was generated in our city. To suppose, because the yellow fever is an endemic of the West-Indies, and because it seldom occurs in North-America, that it can exist among us only by importation, is as absurd as to suppose, that the hurricanes which are so common in the West-Indies, and which occur here only once in twenty or thirty years, are all imported from that country.
The disease attacks in a variety of ways, according to the habit and predisposition of the patient, or the nature and force of the exciting cause. It sometimes comes on in the form of a regular quotidian or tertian. Many are indisposed for two or three days, with head-ach and pains in the back, sides, or loins, without much perceptible fever. But in a majority, it attacks with chills, head-ach, sickness or vomiting, and severe pains in the limbs or back. The pulse, in this state of the disease, since the 10th day of September, has generally been full and tense—the tongue whitish and moist—the eyes red—the pupils dilated—the urine high colored—the thirst great, and the skin hot and dry. These symptoms remit every day, or every other day, and from the tertian type, which is its original and natural form, a recovery or death, generally happens in acute cases, on the 3d, 5th, or 7th day. It attacks all ages. Even young children are not exempted from it, but it is most acute, and most mortal, in young persons, between fourteen and twenty five.
Before the 10th of September, I found strong purges of calomel and jalap, alone given on the first day of the disease, sufficient to conquer it in most cases. They brought away large quantities of green, dark colored, or black bile, of a most acrid and acerb nature. The pulse, which in the warm weather, was weak and low, rose with every evacuation. The skin likewise which remained dry under the most powerful sudorifics, became moist, under the use of those active remedies.
Since the 10th of September, I have found bleeding, in addition to the mercurial purges, to be necessary in nineteen cases out of twenty. The pulse, the appearance of the blood, the spontaneous hæmorrhages, and the weather (exclusive of the stimulus of the contagion) all indicated the use of the lancet. At first I found the loss of ten or twelve ounces of blood sufficient to subdue the pulse, but I have been obliged, gradually, as the season advanced, to increase the quantity to sixty, seventy, and even eighty ounces, and in most cases with the happiest effects. I have observed the most speedy convalescence, where the bleeding has been most profuse, and as a proof that it has not been carried to excess, I have observed in no one instance, the least inconvenience to succeed it.
I have bled in three cases where I have seen incipient pericardiæ and in each case, with success. I was warranted in this bold practice, not only by the tension of the pulse, but by a precedent for it, which I recollected in the works of Dr. De Haen, of Vienna.
I bleed not only in the exacerbations of the fever, but likewise in its remissions and intermissions, where I find a low, slow, but corded pulse. I have recovered two patients with this pulse, in whom it beat less than 50 strokes in a minute.
On every day of the disease, after giving the mercurial medicine, I prescribe a purge. Castor oil—salts—cremor tartar—sulphur, and glysters, answer in most cases, but in some, I have been obliged to have recourse to calomel and gamboge in moderate doses. I was led to purge every day, not only by recollecting the advantages of that practice in the yellow fever of 1762, in carrying off the re-accumulated bile, but by observing the disease in all cases to attack a weak or previously disordered part of the body. The purging creates an artificial weak part, which by inviting a determination of the fluids to the bowels, prevents those effusions in the brain, stomach, bowels, liver and lungs, which bring on death.
* Each purge consists of ten grains of calomel, and fifteen of jalap. One should be given every six hours, until four or five large evacuations are procured from the bowels.
† Each dose consists of two or three grains of calomel, and two grains of gamboge, made into a pill with a little flour and common syrup. A dose should be given two or three times a day, so as to procure large evacuations from the bowels.
I have in nearly every case for the three last weeks, rejected bark, wine, and laudanum in the first stage of the disorder, even though the most perfect intermission of the fever took place. Nor do I conceive those medicines to be necessary in the convalescent state of the disease. Mild and nourishing diet, restores the strength much sooner than the most powerful tonics. I have reason to believe laudanum to be poison when given with an active or corded pulse in this fever.
The next articles to purging and bleeding in my materia medica, are cool air and cool drinks. I often direct the head to be bathed, and the hands and face to be washed with cold water. Toast and water, balm tea, lemonade, tamarind water, barley water, and apple water, are the common drinks of my patients. The less they eat in the first stage of the disorder the better. As soon as the pulse is reduced, I indulge them in wine whey, bread or roasted apples, or mush in milk, chicken, beef, mutton, or veal broth, coffee and tea with buttered toast, and weak chocolate.—I forbid the use of animal food, until they are able to walk about. Cleanliness is advised in every stage of the disorder, with gentle exercise, and country air to complete the cure.
In those few cases where the disease comes on with typhoid or typhus symptoms, I recommend the common remedies for those states of fever.
If sufficient bleeding and purging have been omitted in the beginning of the disorder, and hæmorrhages, with pericardiæ, a low pulse, and a black vomiting, have come on little can be done. The ceremonies of bark, glysters, and the cold bath, may be performed in such cases, but I have heard of no instance in which they have done any service.
I think I have seen blisters afford relief in local determination to the head, breast and stomach, after sufficient evacuations have been used.
Where a troublesome vomiting does not yield to blood letting, I know of no remedies equal to a table spoonful of sweet milk given every half hour, or to weak chamomile tea.
Where a dull pain in the bowels attends with a full, or corded pulse, I have prescribed glysters of cold water with evident advantage. Where flatulency attends, I prescribe chamomile tea, or weak brandy and water, provided the pulse be sufficiently reduced.
By means of the remedies before mentioned, I think I was the unworthy instrument in the hands of a kind Providence, of recovering more than ninety-nine out of an hundred of my patients, before my late indisposition. A number died during the few days of my confinement, from the want of well timed bleeding and purging. Since my recovery, the disease has become more violent and obstinate, and some have died under my care, from my inability, from weakness, and occasional returns of my fever, to be early and punctual in my attendance upon them; for a recovery often depends upon the application of the remedies, not only on a certain day, but frequently at a certain hour. The concentration of the contagion in every part of the city, moreover, has increased the difficulty of curing the disease, for it constantly counteracts the use of the remedies which are intended to abstract stimulus; hence we observe, (other circumstances being equal) there is most mortality where there is most contagion. The delays in procuring bleeders, and the ignorance or neglect of nurses, added to some other circumstances too gloomy to be mentioned, have contributed, very much of late to increase the mortality of the disorder. But with punctual and skilful medical assistance, good nursing, and airy rooms, I am still of the opinion, that this disease is as much under the power of medicine as the measles or influenza.
The newspapers have informed you, how much the opinions and practice, I have delivered in this letter, have been opposed by many of the physicians of our city. They first called the prevailing epidemic, the jail fever. They might as well have called it the small-pox. They have declared, that we have two distinct fevers in town—the one a putrid yellow fever, and the other a common remittent.
‡ The bark has been recommended as a preventative of the fever. However proper it might have been during the warm weather, I am satisfied that it is not so now. So universally is the contagion diffused through every part of the city, that out of a great number of persons in apparent good health, whose pulses I have examined, I have met with only two, in whom they were not fuller and quicker than natural. In two old persons in good health between 70 and 80, the pulse beat between ninety and an hundred strokes in a minute. I have found this preternatural quickness, in the pulses of black as well as white people; also in a woman who had the yellow fever in 1762. This state of the pulse cannot be ascribed to fear, for that tension awakens it. The only preventative that experience warrants, are, a temperate diet—the loss of a little blood—and the keeping the bowels gently open. To these should be added great caution in avoiding fatigue—the hot sun, and the night air.

asserted, that we have two tons and two moons shining upon our globe. What makes this mistake the more inexcusable is, the common remitting fever, which has been confounded with the present highly contagious epidemic, has not been observed a usual, in the suburbs, or in the neighborhood of the city.
But the mistakes of some of my brethren have not ended here. Where the disease has made its chief impression on the head, it has been called the internal dropsey of the brain. Where it has attacked the throat, as it has done in some mild cases, it has been called an angina maligna. Where it has attacked the sides, it has been called a pleurisy, and in one person in whom it first affected the bowels, it was treated as a bilious cholic. The disorder in this case terminated in a black vomiting, and death on the third day.
The success of the new remedies has at last created such a clamor in their favor, that most of our physicians have been forced to adopt them. They bleed however as yet sparingly, and purge after the first day, only with lenient physic; some of them blend wine, bark, and laudanum with them. They might as well throw water and oil at the same time upon fire in order to extinguish it.
I must here pay a tribute of respect to the memory of my much loved friend Dr. Penington, who adopted the new remedies as soon as they were mentioned to him. His expanded mind was not cast in a common mould. It vibrated in unison with truth, the moment it came in contact with it. My excellent and judicious friend Dr. Griffiths, was likewise an early and decided friend to plentiful purging and bleeding.—Such of my former pupils as are settled in this city, recommend them, and I hear from all quarters, with great success.
It was extremely unfortunate that the new remedies were ever connected with my name. I have no other merit, than that of having early adopted, and extended a mode of treating the disorder, which I had learned in the year 1762, from my first preceptor in medicine, doctor Reiman, and which is strongly recommended by Hillary, Mosely, Mitchell, Kirby, and many other writers upon this fever. In my first address to the public, I acknowledged, that I received the first hints of the safety and efficacy of jalap and mercury in this disorder, in the military hospitals, in the year 1777, and from a description of a disease nearly related to ours, in an East India publication.
In the use of all my remedies, I have in this disease, repudiated names, and been governed only by the CONDITION OF THE SYSTEM.
I am indebted to Dr. Sydenham, as well as to my own observations, for the decided manner in which I have rejected the idea of a common remittent in our city. I have been told, that by propagating this opinion, I terrify my patients. Perhaps I do, but I save them by their fears; for I excite in them at once, a speedy application for help, and a faithful obedience to all my prescriptions. Universal truth, is universal interest, and falsehood and misery always go hand in hand. The opinion which has been published by some of our physicians, that we have now a mild and malignant fever in our city, has led all those people, in whom the fever has come on in an insidious form, to neglect themselves for several days, under the idea, that they had nothing but a common fall fever, and from the deception, I believe hundreds have perished by the disorder.
I cannot conclude this letter, without lamenting further, that several publications, from men who had never seen the disorder, or who had seen only a few cases of it, have contributed very much to distract the public mind—to lessen a confidence in mercurial purges and bleeding—and to produce an indiscriminate use of general remedies, without any respect to the state of the system, and thereby to add to the mortality of the disease.
Adieu, my dear friend.—I shall only add my prayers, that your city may be preserved from the calamities which now afflict ours, and that you may never know from experience, the labors, the anxiety, the deep domestic distress, and the calumnies, which for six weeks past, have been the portion of
Your sincere friend, and
Former preceptor in medicine, BENJAMIN RUSH.
Philadelphia, October 3, 1793.
EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE.
BRUSSELS, July 29.
WE are just now assured, that Douay, Bouchain, and Maubeuge, are invested. It is asserted that Lisle will not be besieged, but blockaded, and that the combined armies will march forward.
Tournay, July 27. The people of Lisle are reported to have prepared themselves for a siege, and to be resolved to hold out to the last extremity. They have distributed circular letters throughout the four departments of the North, entreating the inhabitants to coalesce for the general safety. One of these letters runs thus—“On the day, the hour, the instant, that the cannon of the enemy fire against this city, the alarm-drums and the tocsin shall be sounded throughout the North; the calls of liberty, of an expiring country, shall be imperative; and an army of 200,000 men, linked in the indissoluble bonds of equality, liberty and fraternal love, shall assemble in an instant, attack the satellites of the despots, and crush them at once.” The committee of Lisle is charged to concert with the other departments to carry those designs into execution.
This seems somewhat like combat, but the Duke of Brunswick has not as yet been outdone.
Ostend, July 31. Gen. Beauharnois has written from Laudau, stating that the battle of the 20th was decidedly in favour of the French. He had left the lines behind the Lauter, and advanced before Landau. The Prussians had lost considerably, both in men and position.
The capital was uncommonly quiet. The decree for converting all the bells in the republic into cannon, one in each town being only excepted, to serve as a tocsin, was expected to produce 15,000 pieces of artillery.
L O N D O N, August 7.
The immense park of artillery, now shipping in the river, is destined for the siege of Dunkirk, which is expected to be formed before the 20th instant.—Captain Frazier's floating battery is intended for the same service.
The island of Corsica is supposed by some to be in the hands of the British by this time.
Custine is said to have distributed large sums of money in Paris; and to have more particularly applied this corruption to the ladies; and in France, the women, at present, seem to have more heroism than the men.
August 9. Paris, in addition to its other calamities, experienced at this time, a scarcity of provisions, which forebodes famine, the worst of all human disasters.
We have had some flying reports, for these few days past, respecting the intention of the confederate powers of shortly making some proposals, of a pacific nature, to the French; and, it is said, that they are founded on such liberal and equitable grounds, as to make them an object well worthy the attention, not only of all those powers concerned in the present war against France, but equally advantageous to that long distracted country. Whether these reports are to be relied upon, we are at present not able to determine; but many people think there are strong reasons to conclude, that the Duke of York will shortly march an army, in order to invest Dunkirk, and if successful in taking that place, they imagine that the intention of our government is not to interfere with the internal disputes that are at present existing in almost every part of France, but merely to attend to the future safety of our allies, the Dutch, to protect whom they first entered into the war. This supposed conduct, on our part, is said to have operated as a reason for the belligerent powers declining to proceed any farther in the conquest of that kingdom, and that therefore terms are to be proposed which lean so much in favour of the republican cause, as, it is thought, will induce these infatuated people to listen, at last, to the language of reason and common sense. We give these reports as we received them, without paying them that attention some persons think they deserve; and indeed when we find that orders (among others of a similar tendency) were sent on Saturday last to Lord Newark, who commands the regiment of the buffs, now stationed at that town, to get his corps in readiness for foreign service, we cannot be led to think that a pacification between the combined powers and the present existing power of France, is in the least likely to take place.
UNITED STATES.
S A V A N N A H, October 3.
A correspondent assures us that the following facts are derived from a source of intelligence of unquestionable authenticity:
That, in consequence of a proposition from the agent of Indian affairs, that some of the chiefs and headmen of the Creek nation should meet him at the Oakmulgee, on the 10th of last month, to accompany him into the nation, there was a meeting of the principal chiefs of the lower towns, on the 12th, and two chiefs from the Tuckabatchies, who were accidentally present, when it was agreed that several chiefs and others should meet the agent at the Oakmulgee, about the 25th, to accompany him into their nation, and expressing, at the same time, a determination to do all they could to give satisfaction, and settle matters in an amicable manner. On the receipt of this intelligence, the agent fixed on the 26th for his departure from the Oconee, that he might be on the 2d instant at the Cusseta town, according to their appointment.
That the late talks from the Spanish agents to the Creek nation were much changed. The principal agent in the Upper Creeks, in his last talk, informed them, that the King of Spain, his master, had ordered him to tell them, that, if they continued to commit hostilities on the Americans, they should have no more ammunition, and all trade with them should be stopped, by locking up Panton's stores; and that if they would not listen to this counsel, and brought on a war, the Spaniards would join against them. This last information was communicated by the chiefs from the Upper Towns at the above-mentioned meeting, on the 12th, and orders were sent immediately to all the inimical towns to continue at home until the agent arrived, when, as they were the offenders, they must endeavour to settle matters, so as to avoid bringing a war on the nation.
That, in consequence of the attack made by Capt. Baird on the Cherokees, some time ago, they had sent a war-hatchet twice in the last month to the Tuckabatchies, who sent it back, advising them strongly to remain quiet, and asking at the same time how they were to get supplies to carry on the war.
That several parties of the militia were out from Greene and Franklin counties with the avowed design of intercepting the agent, or the Indians coming to meet him, in order to prevent the re-establishment of peace. One of these parties under a Capt. Williamson, marched on the 16th and proceeded to the Oakmulgee, and then returned; and another party under a Colonel Alexander, was over the Oconee about the 20th. It was not known whether these officers had embodied their militia, and marched them out of the limits of the United States, by their own authority or by orders from the Commander in Chief.
That the Governor received a letter from the agent, dated the 22d, acquainting him of his intentions, or the flattering prospect there was of re-establishing peace on equitable terms, of the tendency of those militia parties to defeat it, and praying that he would interfere to prevent it, as not only his own safety, but that of every American citizen in the nation, would depend on it.
B O S T O N, October 12.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at New-York, who was with the commissioners at the proposed treaty with the hostile Indians, dated New York, October 4 1793.
Capt. Ford arrived here yesterday from Niagara, which place he left the 13th ult. and came by the way of Oswego. He relates sundry circumstances, which may be novel to you, and therefore I communicate them.
“Before he left Niagara, Talbot, Brant, and Shehan, arrived there from the Indian council at the Miamis. They report to the governor, that as soon as the Indians received the final message of the commissioners, they despatched a large party commissioned to seize us, with orders to cut off our noses, ears, &c, and to keep us prisoners until a peace could be obtained. These men arrived at Caldwell's the morning after we sailed. I therefore congratulate your nose and ears as well as my own. He says that Shehan, (who is his brother in law) took the care of the six nations, in the absence of colonel Butler; and that at an early period of the private council, he was called upon by M c Kee to know his opinion in regard to the treaty. His reply was that he and the six nations had come there for the purpose of peace, and should urge it all in their power. That in consequence of this, neither he nor Brant were once admitted to the Indian councils; but were termed Yankies—Upon this, Shehan and M c Kee had a serious quarrel. The above three persons had reported to the Governor, that the Indians were urged on to war in secret, and that M c Kee and sundry traders were at the bottom of it—That the governor was extremely provoked at the conduct of the Indians; very much regretted not seeing you on your return, and had publicly reprobated the conduct of M c Kee.
“Ford informs, that at the breaking up of the Indian council, 3,000 Indians set out to attack Wayne. This account is reported to the governor by the above three persons.
“Before the breaking up of the council, the six nations were called upon to join in the war against the states; they said they must consult their nations upon the business, and a council was appointed to be held at Buffalo Creek, at which Mr. Shehan was ordered to attend. The governor and the six nations were decidedly for their remaining neutral. By him I also learn, that a large party was sent off from the western country to attack the Genesee country: That as soon as the governor was informed of it, he sent positive orders to forbid it—saying that as this was the route of intercourse he had with the states, he would not suffer it; and that he would withhold all supplies, presents, &c, from any nation that should send warriors on the expedition. This stopped the business; and so my good friend Chapin's scalp was saved.
S A L E M, October 15.
Insurrection at Guadaloupe.
Capt. Odell arrived last week from Guadaloupe. While he was there, the Negroes on the plantations rose and embodied, and on the 25th day of August marched against the town of St. Ann's—but the inhabitants went out and attacked them, beat them off, and killed a number. It was said that about 300 had been destroyed at different times—among the number taken prisoners, was a priest, who in the market place had his brains blown out by four boys, with each a pistol, after which one of them cut off his head with a hanger. Several of the more active Negroes had been taken riding from place to place, calling upon the slaves where they went to rise, for now was their time: Such were treated with no mercy; but when brought to town, the inhabitants fell upon them with their broad swords and cut them to pieces, leaving their mangled carcasses for the dogs. The inhabitants of the plantations were fleeing in consternation to the towns, for safety.
From Hamburg, July 28.
A letter from Hamburg, of the above date, to a gentleman in this town, has the following article: “There has just now arrived a large Russian fleet from Copenhagen, to oblige the Danes to join in a war against France. This fleet may be dangerous to American vessels that have laden corn for France.
About the middle of August, a body of Spaniards attacked the French settlements back of Gonaive, but were repulsed by the French with great slaughter.
N E W Y O R K, October 19.
From a review of the French papers we have received, which are as late as August 25, we find, that the proceedings against Gen. Custine are going on again, after having been interrupted for several days.

That the army of the King of Spain had been weakened by the troops it had left to garrison Mayence, that it was obliged to act only on the defensive, and had marched towards Flanders. We find mention made of a grand defeat the combined armies have experienced, but as there are no details given in full, we cannot inform the particulars. The French fleet, says a paper of the 20th, were at anchor in Quiberon Bay; they speak of having been in sight of the English fleet for two days, but could not bring them to action.
It has been reported, via Boston, that the British Ministry have declared, that should America continue to permit the French to bring prizes into their ports, they would immediately give orders for the capture of every and all American vessels which may be found on the high seas.—No official documents appear to authenticate this MERCANTILE SCARE-CROW!
Our accounts from Philadelphia are quite as melancholly as ever, and continue to exact the fervent prayers and official commiserations of every christian—Some write, however, consoling accounts—may the present rain wash away their sins.
LEXINGTON, September 21.
About the first instant, four men, a woman and three children on their way up the Ohio river in a canoe were fired on by the Indians near the mouth of Gyandotte; two of the men were killed (whose names were Kelly) and one wounded through the flesh of the thigh. The Indians attempted to board the canoe, but were kept off with poles and paddles, until the canoe got out of their reach; the canoe ran down the river until out of sight of the Indians, and landed on the opposite shore, and the wounded man left the rest; the well man hid the woman and children, and went to the French settlement for assistance; he obtained an officer and fifteen men, returned and found the woman and children, but the woman in a dangerous situation from the bite of a snake in his absence. The wounded man was taken in by a boat coming down the river and landed at Graham's settlement.
We learn that about 15 days ago the cavalry in Mero district (Cumberland) fell in with a party of Indians, and killed 5 of them, and the day following killed two and took one prisoner, without sustaining any loss or damage.
NORFOLK, October 23.
Yesterday arrived here the ship Achilles, Capt. Pile, from Liverpool, which place he left the 30th August. Captain Pile brought no papers, but informs that Dunkirk was invested both by sea and land; that two days before he sailed it was reported there had been an engagement between the French and the Allied Armies, in which the English lost 300 guards and 3 General Officers.
RICHMOND, October 25.
Monday last being the day appointed by law, for the meeting of the General Assembly, of this state, such members of the House of Delegates as appeared, having taken the oath prescribed by law, took their seats; when Mr. Charles Hay, was appointed clerk; Thomas Matthews, Esq; was chosen speaker, and conducted to the Chair; from whence he made his acknowledgements to the House for the honour conferred on him; after which, the Rev. John Blair, was elected Chaplain; and Mr. Henry Mols, Serjeant at arms.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Philadelphia, to his friend in this city, dated October 18.
"Your favor of the 11th, is just come to hand; I am just recovering a little from the yellow fever, after being reported dead, and announced as such in the New-York papers; but it has pleased God to spare my life a little longer. My three Clerks are dead, being two nephews and an old man, which leave me totally alone, save the servants, and two of them are now sick.
"I trust your good wishes for the restoration of the health of this city, will very soon come to pass; for with joy I inform you, that the deaths for these two days past, have not been one for eight or ten that has happened for weeks before, and I hope that the city will be so healthy in another week, as to permit business to be carried on as usual."
BALTIMORE, October 26.
The Editor having received the extraordinary account of the Old Church yard at Annapolis, from an anonymous correspondent, could not determine whether it was literally true or not, but has since been informed, that it was really a FACT. Gentlemen of undoubted authority, who have since come to town, were eye witnesses to it; the graves did not, he is well informed, rise higher on the level of the earth, than they usually stood, but each coffin's length and size in proportion, was very visible on the surface of the earth; their form in some places, was plainly marked by the moisture of the soil, in others, the coffin's shape, quite dry, and the earth around it moist. Some people wish to account for this strange phenomenon, by attributing it to a natural cause, but as there is no cause assigned but what are common to all those places, nothing satisfactory has been advanced on this truly wonderful appearance, and the sons of philosophy have still a curious field for investigation.
It is reported, says a Charlestown paper of the 15th instant, that the French National Convention have appointed General Galbaud to the chief command of the Island of St. Domingo, and recalled Polverel and Santhonax, their Commissioners, from that Island.
The latest accounts from Philadelphia, represent the epidemic fever as abating very rapidly.
MARTINSBURG, November 4.
The last Speech, Confession, and Dying Words of JAMES MCCABE, Who was executed on the Commons near Winchester, on the 25th of October, 1793, for the murder of JAMES JOHNSTONE.
I JAMES MCCABE, who was born in the city of Dublin, Ireland, of reputable parents, who sent me to school until I was about nine years of age; at this period of my life they removed to the city of Corke, where they continued me at school until I was between 12 and 13 years of age. It so happened that I eloped from my loving parents, and continued in a state of exile until I was near the age of 15. The cause of my elopement was, that I would not obey their dictates, who wished to bring me up in the fear and under the patronage of my Creator. They however, wishing if possible, out of parental tenderness, to reclaim a hopeless son, procured my release from the army, into which I had enlisted.—Notwithstanding this, from my perversity of temper, and the advice of some profligate companions, I refused to obey the admonitions of my loving parents, and enlisted again; at the age of between 15 and 16, I was reckoned capable of bearing arms, and therefore ordered to do the duty of a soldier. The only matter of consequence which occurred concerning me in this situation, was also owing to my stubbornness of temper—I took upon me to disobey the orders of one of my officers, for which I was tried and punished in conformity to the military law.—For some time after this I did the duty of a soldier as well as I knew how; yet, for a supposed neglect, I was reproached by my officer. At this time I was a running centinel, and on the direct way to my post; he wished to send me another course, which I resented, by wounding the officer—I afterwards deserted, and shipped myself as soon as possible for America, where I earned my living by the tailoring business, which I had acquired a knowledge of in the British army.
I confess that I have been a wild youngster, yet a foe to none but myself, except some unhappy females, the seducing of whom I practised to my ruin. I was never legally married until I met with a certain Margaret White, in Berkeley county; by her I wished to act the part of a husband, and should undoubtedly have acted towards her much better than I did, had not my mind been confused and corrupted by the company I was introduced to, namely, the Conways, of said county, also the blood relations of my wife, and some of her relations by affinity. By their evil speaking of me, I became regardless of my own good.
As to the crime for which I am condemned to suffer, I own myself guilty so far as this—that I discharged the pistol at Johnstone, which unfortunately put a period to his existence; yet, I declare, it was in self defence, and that I had no malice in my heart against him; he followed me from his own house, I on my way, and gave me very abusive language, which I, in some measure, retorted; he was so outrageous that he followed me with a club, and pursued me, as I thought, with a view to commit some violence on me; I ran, telling him as I ran to stand off, decline his pursuit, or I would shoot him; this precaution was not attended with the desired effect—he still pursued, and I dodged round a tree, unable to run much further; I then gave him the same warning I had done before, also adding, that I did not wish to have any thing to do with him, and presented a pistol loaded with two small pebbles; this did not intimidate him; I fled from him again, and some women, who were looking on, laughed at seeing me run, which raised my indignation so much, that I wished to hurt (not to kill) the man; James Conway asked me why I ran? I answered, that I did not wish to have any thing to do with the man, and asked him how he would have me to act? Conway replied, call witness, and knowing my pistol was loaded with pebbles, banded me his, saying it would not miss fire. Being enraged from the said Johnstone's treatment, and wishing to hurt or cripple him, I received the pistol from Conway, and again warned the deceased to keep off; he took up a stone, whereupon I fired, but, as I before observed, not with an intention of killing him. As soon as the smoke dispersed, I saw Johnstone running towards me, with a club in one hand, and a stone in the other; I also saw blood running from his neck, and James Conway took the pistol he had handed me, and asked me why I stood? told me to take to the woods, for that Johnstone was a dead man. I obeyed his directions, and went in the night to old Conway's for my clothes; I waked him out of bed, and we appointed a place in the woods for me to receive my clothes, as also a pistol and some ammunition, that I might defend myself against pursuers; but instead of furnishing me with necessaries agreed upon, his son James being taken in the interim, and imagining if I escaped he would be hanged, sent William Conway with a pistol and a posse of men to take me; I was therefore compelled to fly, without having it in my power to change my clothes.
There have been a number of things alleged against me, on account, I believe, of my residing at Conway's place, particularly of my being privy to the stealing some horses, but I solemnly declare myself innocent thereof, and that I never knew of the Conway's stealing horses, nor did I ever hear from them that they were at any time concerned in such crimes.
Cyrus Saunders had old Conway taken and committed to prison for stealing a horse of his, and I was also put in the warrant, as an accomplice, but
never stole, nor was I concerned in stealing any horse or negro.
It has been reported by some veterans, that I said I should never die contented until I had killed my wife; this is an absolute falsehood; I never even thought of such a thing, nor did I ever harbour malice against any person to such a degree as to wish to kill them.
I have been lately informed by my wife, that James Conway said, in public, that it was well I was found guilty, as I was determined, if I got out of prison, to kill my wife and her sister; this charge I utterly deny. I am also informed, that Conway said, after coming from my Clergyman, I told him that I had three wives, and that it was useless for me to conceal it from the world; this I also deny, and declare that I never said, or had cause to say so. I hear he further said, that I did not shoot Johnstone with his pistol, but with a pistol of my own, which I bought of Abraham Houseworth; to contradict which, it is sufficient to say, that the pistol I bought from Houseworth was an iron barrelled one, and it was evidently proved in court, at my trial, that I shot the man with a brass barrelled pistol.
I do declare, that I think I should not have shot the man, if Conway had not handed me his pistol.
I think the evidence that swore against me, did not do me justice, and I am inwardly persuaded, that I had not a fair trial; yet I forgive my prosecutors, as also the Judge and Jury.
I hope my unhappy fate will be a warning to all unguarded youths, and prove a lesson to them to shun the company of evil men and women, especially the latter; may they hereby be instructed to avoid their allurements, and their speeches, for they are like oil, and will deceive.
I am destined to quit this earthly tabernacle in the 24th year of my age, and shall die an unworthy member of the Church of Rome, hoping, nevertheless, for the prayers of all good christians.
JAMES MCCABE.
Prison, Winchester, October 24, 1793.
He was attended to the fatal tree by some worthy ministers of the gospel, with whom he joined in prayers; and met his fate with apparent fortitude and christian resignation.
Late accounts from Fort Washington mention, that the army had received positive orders to march on the 14th of October last.
Accounts from the eastward state, that a company of money-coiners have been detected at Brookfield and Spencer (Mass) one of whom acknowledged he had passed 300 dollars. They are well executed, some of pewter only, and some with a thin plate of silver.
This Paper completes three years since its first publication:—The Editor earnestly solicits his subscribers to discharge their several arrearages.—Wheat, Rye, or Corn, will be received at any Mill in this County, at the current price, in discharge of any debts due him.
Just opened, and now ready for sale, BY PATRICK BOYLE, At his Store in MARTINSBURG, A large and general assortment of FALL GOODS, Which he is determined to sell on very reasonable terms, for cash or country produce. The highest price given in cash on goods, for good MERCHANTABLE WHEAT, And CORN. November 4, 1793.
PURSUANT to a decree of the High Court of Chancery, made on the eighth day of March, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-three, will be sold by the subscribers, the commissioners therein named, at Public Auction, for ready money, to the highest bidder, on the TWELFTH of November, instant, at the tavern kept by F. Mahony, in Martinsburg, in Berkeley County, a certain Tract of Land, lying in the parish of Norborne, in the County aforesaid, containing two hundred and thirty-two acres, more or less, which the said Benjamin Beeler had mortgaged to Thomas Williams.
ANDREW WAGGONER, ABRAHAM SHEPHERD, HENRY BEDINGER.
November 4, 1793.
N. B. In consequence of the absence of two of the commissioners, on the day previously appointed for the sale of the above land, it was unavoidably postponed.
W A N T E D, A Young Man to attend a Store, who is well acquainted with the business, and can be well recommended. Inquire of the Printer. November 4, 1793.
STRAYED, or was taken away from the commons of Martinsburg, about eight weeks ago, a grey HORSE, nine years old, branded with a B on the near shoulder, about 14 hands high, a natural pacer, hind legs crooked, the property of the Subscriber, who intends to dispose, by Public Sale, of a Plantation Waggon, Plough, and other utensils of Husbandry and Household Furniture, on Tuesday, the 19th of this month. Whoever shall take up and deliver the said Horse to the Subscriber at Martinsburg, shall receive the sum of Three Dollars reward. JANE HUNTER.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
THE HONEY MOON.
WHEN maidens enter into life, And blushing Miss becomes the wife, The female heart's in tune; When love beats high, and reason's hid, And Dearie does whate'er he's bid, Then springs the Honey Moon.
When trinkets, rings, and such bijou, Are bought to please the lovely spouse; And jaunts are made to town; When smiles bedeck the pleasing face, The new caught husband shines with grace, More bright the Honey Moon.
When all is mutual, all is love, The maid a turtle or a dove; And morning peeps too soon: The youthful pair increase in charms, And breathe love in each other's arms, Full orb'd the Honey Moon.
When reason thro' a cloud is seen, And business wakens from a dream, And August thinks on June; When family matters call for aid, The wife sits easy on the maid, And wanes the Honey Moon.
When orders come from lips so sweet, And money, money, they repeat, And mistress dare presume; The fetter'd lover feels his chains, And struggles but t'enclease his pains, Then droops the Honey Moon.
When, "Sir, you must be in at three, There's company to dine with me," The husband's brows fall down; Then madam rules with iron rod, And purse and patience feels the load, Then sets the Honey Moon.
Let Reason's planet then be bright, 'Twill gild the lonely winter's night, With friendship's cheary bloom; No family broils will cry aloud, Good nature's sun peeps through the cloud, Nor changes like the moon.
EXPERIENCE.
A N E C D O T E S.
A Lady, speaking of a Gentleman with a very heavy Beard, observed, it was the substance of things hoped for and the evidence of things not seen .
An Englishman and a Dutchman disputing about the goodness of their different countries; says the Dutchman your country thinks of nothing but gut-ting, and even the names of your places have a reference to it; you have your Portsmouths, your Plymouths, your Yarmouths, your Falmouths, your Dartmouths, your Egmouths; and you are all mouths together. Ayl! replies the Englishman, and you have your Amsterdams, your Rotterdams, and G-d d-m you all together; say I.
N O T I C E.
ALL Persons indebted to the estate of Captain Isaac Evans , deceased, are hereby notified, that unless they come in and settle the same by March Court next, their accounts will be put in suit. Any persons having any demands against the said estate, are requested to bring them in immediately, for settlement.
MARTHA EVANS, Executrix, JOHN EVANS, jun. JOHN FRAYATT, } Executors.
October 14, 1793.
ALL Persons indebted to, or have any demands on, the estate of William Morgan , late of Berkeley , deceased, are requested to exhibit the same to the subscribers, as they are determined on a speedy settlement of said estate.
ABRAHAM MORGAN, GEORGE MORGAN. } Executors.
October 21, 1793.
THE Subscriber informs the public, that he has established a
N A I L F A C T O R Y
in Charlestown, where Nails, Brads, and Sprigs of all kinds in his way of business, may be had very reasonable for cash.
GEORGE WARK.
3m.
MY duty, as Inspector of Flour at this place, obliges me strictly to enforce the act of Assembly passed at the last session, for regulating the inspection of flour and bread. If the Farmers and Millers would duly consider the subject, they would find themselves deeply interested in the faithful execution of this act. If their staple, by any neglect or inattention, loses its credit at any foreign markets, the price will most certainly fall at home as well as abroad. This must be obvious to every person, and requires no chain of reasoning to prove. That the loss, whatever it may be, will ultimately fall upon the Farmer, is as evident. That those who may be affected by the enforcing that act, may not plead ignorance, I have judged it proper to transcribe and publish those clauses of the act by which they may be affected.
"All bread and flour cakes which shall be bro't to any of the places before mentioned for exportation, shall be well made of good seasoned materials, tightened with ten hoops, sufficiently nailed with four nails in each chine hoop, and three nails in each bilge hoop."
"Every miller of flour, and baker of bread for exportation, shall provide and keep a distinguishable brand-mark, with which he shall brand every cask of flour and bread, and mark thereon the Tare and Nett weight, before the same shall be removed from the place where it was bolted or baked, under the penalty of forty-two cents for every cask of flour not hooped and nailed as aforesaid."
The points in which the manufacturers of flour are too generally deficient, are the quality of the timber of which the barrels are made, being often, very often, too green, which will destroy the quality of the best flour; and neglect in nailing agreeably to the directions of the act. My duty demands from me a rigorous execution of the law, which I will most assuredly perform. The interest of the Manufacturer loudly calls for it, though he may, and frequently does, turn a deaf ear to it.
I have just opened, and have for sale, at my house in this town, a choice assortment of BOULTING CLOTHS.
ALEXANDER SMITH.
Alexandria, Sept. 23, 1793.
3m.
T O B E S O L D,
FOUR Lots in the town of Middle-town; all under improvement, one has a good House, Shop, draw Well and some fruit Trees, two others with small log Houses, one of which has a Stable, and one other Lot under good fence. Indisputable titles will be given. For terms of payment and other particulars, apply to the subscriber on the premises.
EDWARD JENNINGS.
Middletown, Sept. 23, 1793.
3m.
N O T I C E.
THE Subscribers request those that are indebted to the estate of Thomas Thornberry , jun. deceased, late of this County, to come and settle immediately, as we are determined to have the estate settled as quick as possible. Those that have any demands against said estate, are requested to bring them forth immediately, properly stated, for settlement, and oblige us.
P. THORNBERRY, Administratrix.
J. PEIRCE, Administrator.
Berkeley County, Shepherd's Town, October 20, 1793.
T O B E S O L D,
From 300 to 700 acres of LAND, lying in one body, on both sides Back-Creek, including said Creek two and half miles on one side and two miles on the other. This land is divided into four plantations, well watered; there is a two story log house, barn, kitchen, &c. on the principal plantation, also a good apple orchard of near 100 bearing apple trees, a peach orchard and some cherry trees, about 16 acres of good meadow, and a mill seat near the dwelling house. The whole of the said tract of land is well timbered, and the bottom equal to any in the settlement. There is on one of the plantations a log house of one story and an half, and an excellent lime-stone spring, suitable for a distillery. The above tract will be divided, or sold altogether, as may suit the purchaser. For terms of sale, apply to the subscriber, on the premises, or at the Printing Office hereof.
WILLIAM BAILEY.
October 21, 1793.
WILLIAM RIDDLE,
Has just received, and is now opening, A large and general assortment of
EUROPEAN GOODS,
Suitable to the present and approaching seasons, which he is determined to sell at a very reduced profit, for ready pay, in cash or country produce.
He returns his friends and the public his sincere thanks, for the encouragement he has met with since he commenced business in this place—shall ever make it his study to merit a continuance.
Martinsburg, October 21, 1793.
JOSEPH & JOSHUA RIDDLE,
Have just received a neat and general Assortment of Well chosen FALL GOODS,
Imported in the last vessels from Europe. They hope to be able to give full satisfaction to all that may please to call on them; they are determined to sell for ready pay only, and have opened their goods at as low an advance as any others in the Country.—The highest price given for country produce of every kind in cash or goods. They return their thanks to the public for the encouragement they have already received and hope to merit a continuance.
N. B. Saddles of all sorts at the shortest notice.
At a Court continued and held for Berkeley County, the 23d day of August 1793.
George Myles, eldest son and heir at law of George Myles, deceased, } Compt.
against David Watkins, Jane Logan, widow, executrix and devisee of James Logan, deceased, Bryan Bruin and James Wilson. } Defr.
In CHANCERY.
THE defendants Watkins and Bruin, not having entered their appearance agreeable to an Act of Assembly and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that they are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth: On the motion of the complainant, by his Counsel, it is ordered, that the said Defendants Watkins and Bruin, do appear here on the third Tuesday in November next, and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette, for two months successively, and published at the Church door in the Parish of Norborne, on some Sunday immediately after divine service, and also at the door of the Court-House of the said County.
A copy. Teste, MOSES HUNTER, C.C.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY,
One or two Journeymen TAILORS, who understand their business, are of sober characters, and industrious. Such persons will meet with constant employ, three shillings and four pence, Pennsylvania currency, per job, will be given them, by applying to
RICHARD MONTGAUL.
Charlestown, October 15, 1793.
BOULTING CLOTHS.
THE Subscriber respectfully informs his Friends and the Public, that he has just received a large and general assortment of Boultng Cloths of all kinds and of the best qualities, chosen particularly by Mr. Smith, the Inspector at Alexandria.—The Cloths consist both of the wide and narrow kind, and will be sold on lower terms than any of equal quality have ever been sold in this County.—
I have, as usual, on hand, a large assortment of other Goods, suitable for the present and approaching season, which will be sold very low for cash or produce, in consequence of a determination to decline the retail business.
I earnestly request all those who are indebted to me, either by bond, note, or otherwise, to make immediate payment; and those whose accounts have been standing open more than six months, are requested to come in and close them, either by payment, or give their obligations. Those who do not choose to comply with this reasonable request, before the middle of September next, may depend on having their accounts closed according to law.
WILLIAM WILSON.
Middletown, Berkeley County, 24th August, '93.
3m.
SIX DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN from the Subscriber, living in Berkeley County, Virginia, 2 miles from Martinsburg, on the 30th of September last, a black horse, about 15 hands high, 9 years old, no brand, a middling large blaze in his face, a piece of skin under his fore top loose from his skull or pate, crest fallen, marked with the collar near the weathers, slim tail and short, natural trotter, his hind hoofs turn out, shod behind and near fore foot. Whoever takes up the thief and horse, shall have the above reward, provided the thief be brought to conviction and the horse returned to the owner, and for the horse only two dollars, paid by
JOHN DAVIS.
N. B. The horse does not see well with the right eye.
FOR SALE, AT THE PRINTING OFFICE,
Blank Deeds of Bargain and Sale, Magistrates' Summons, Common Bonds and Notes, Sheriff's Blanks, Lawyer's Declarations, &c. &c.