The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-08-01 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, AUGUST 1, 1791.
[NUMBER 38 OF VOL. I.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
A stray Mare.
TAKEN up by the Subscriber, on the 18th inst. living in BERKELEY COUNTY, VIRGINIA, two miles from Shepherd's-Town, on the river, an old bay Mare, shod before, thirteen or fourteen years old, fourteen hands and an half high, in good order—she has been recorded according to law.—The owner may have her again by proving property and paying charges.
JOHN BARNES.
JULY 22, 1791.
2 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from this town, on the 20th instant, a small bay Mare, about 14 hands high, 9 years old, has a blaze in her face, is blind with the left eye, has two white saddle spots on her back, branded on the near shoulder which appears like IN or W, but not plain, the trots and canters, and had but two shoes on when she went away. Whoever will take up the said Mare, and return her to the subscriber, shall receive Two Dollars reward, and necessary charges.
HENRY CARBINE.
Shepherd's-Town, July 23, 1791.
WHEREAS MARY McCABE, my daughter, and who is under age, is continually travelling from place to place, and conducting herself in an unsteady manner, therefore, as such conduct endangers her falling into some dishonorable behaviour, I hereby caution all persons against harbouring or employing her, as they would avoid the penalty of the law.
MICHAEL McCABE.
July 23, 1791.
WHEREAS the subscribers some time since, gave a bond to LAWRENCE MIRACLE, of North-Carolina, for one hundred pounds, Pennsylvania Currency, which bond has already become due, and payment been partly made, but no credit given, by reason of the holder of the bond living at a great distance: This, therefore, is to notify all persons not to take an assignment of the said bond, until the payment made thereon be credited.
RICHARD SERGEANT. ELIJAH SERGEANT.
Berkeley County, Virginia June 21, 1791.
STRAYED from the Subscriber, living at Mr. JOHN SHIVELEY's Mills, about the 10th of June last, one large red and white milch Cow, with a crop off her left ear, and a half crop off her right ear; the likewise had a bell on.—Whoever takes up said Cow, so that I get her again, shall have TEN SHILLINGS reward, and reasonable charges paid, by
WILLIAM THOMSON.
JULY 9, 1791.
To be SOLD, for no fault, For CASH, or on a very short Credit, A very valuable
Negro MAN,
Of middle age, and well acquainted with Plantation work.
Apply to the Printer.
June 22, 1791.
Fan-Making.
Thomas Morris,
Informs the Public in general, that he carries on the FAN-MAKING BUSINESS, in MARTINSBURG. Any who please to favour him with their custom, may be supplied on the shortest notice, the work done in the best manner, and on the most reasonable terms, by their humble servant.
THOMAS MORRIS.
Martinsburg, June 21, 1791.
WANTED,
A Young Woman to do the house work of a small family, and that has no objection to make use of the spinning-wheel, occasionally.
Apply to the Printer.
The RATIONAL MAN.
HE who yields his reason to the power of his lusts and passions, is, by and inspired writer, compared to 'a horse or mule, which hath no understanding, and whose mouth must be held in with bit and bridle, least he come near you.' Reason is the dignity of man, only when it maintains its proper seat in the soul, and rules the inferior powers. He who, possessed of reason, yields it a dupe to the sport of passion and lust, has no ground to boast of his distinction from the brutes. His only distinction is his infamy: he abases a faculty which they never enjoyed. Reason, subject to passion or lust, only enables the man to spread wider mischief, and precipitate himself into more certain ruin. He may boast his elevation; but he is only elevated like a fool mounted on a fierce and fiery steed, which takes the bit between his teeth and runs away with his rider. Passion with the reins on its neck, is not only fatal to the man who is hurried along by it; but dangerous also to all who stand in its way. The passions, like air, when undisturbed, are soft and smooth; but wrought into a tempest, they bear down all in their course, spread ruin, and spurn resistance. We look with mingled pity and horror, on a madman; but on a man mad with passion, we look with contempt and hatred, as well as fear. Man at his best state, is but weak; transformed by passion, he becomes a fool. He talks without coherence—determines without judgment—is deaf to argument, and proof against conviction. He resents what is not an injury—creates to himself wrongs which never were done—swells with imaginary importance—deals threats beyond his power to execute—brings mischief on himself by his blind and impotent malice against others. If ever he despises himself it is when he reviews the havoc of the storm, in the calm sunshine of reason.
How different is the man of reason. His soul is peace, for his passions are harmony. There is an easy and beautiful subordination in his powers; understanding presides, and all beneath obey. He discerns and pursues his interest; he distinguishes good from evil; he acts according to this distinction; he is consistent with himself, and uniform in his conduct. He can bear an injury without revenge, and do a kindness without upbraiding. He can meet an enemy without rage in his eye, or railing on his tongue. He can overcome evil with good. He possesses his soul in patience, under the corrections of Heaven, and beholds the prosperity of others without repining. The blessings which Providence lends, he enjoys with gratitude; and enjoys himself even when they are withdrawn. He acts with dignity; pursues with steadiness his virtuous purpose, and has fortitude to repel the temptations which invade him. He lives by faith in an invisible, but ever present, all-gracious power. Though changes disturb this atmosphere, his soul is serene and unmoved; for his main interest lies secure above the clouds, and beyond the reach of the storms. He walks with steady pace towards the heavenly world, looking upward with ardent desires and aspiring soul, and downward with growing indifference. He resembles the Deity himself, whose works are wisdom, and whose ways are equity and goodness; and by his care to imitate the Creator, he prepares his soul to enjoy him. This, and this only is the rational man. Though one could understand all knowledge, and unravel all the intricacies of nature and Providence; tho' he could regulate the tides, trace the paths of comets, and measure the distances of the stars; tho' he could command to most extensive empires, state the interests and connections of kingdoms, and balance their respective powers; yet if his soul is unbalanced, and his passions ungoverned; if he remains a slave to lust, a captive to the pleasures of sense, he is still with all his knowledge and all his power, impotent and a fool. The lowest of the sons of men, possessed of a virtuous temper, and an habitual self-command, is greater and wiser than he.
H.
DELAWARE.
WILMINGTON, July 16.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Sumerjet county, Maryland, to his friend in this town, dated July 3.
"You remember, my good friend when you resided here, we made considerable quantities of peach and apple brandy, which afforded us plenty for ourselves and some to accommodate others with a part, which you know we sent to Baltimore, and exchanged for tea, coffee, &c. O how the times are changed; my still I have pulled down, and above 40 of my neighbours have done the same. My peaches I mean to feed hogs on, and every portion of our acquaintance, will follow the example.
I remember, on your return from England, in 1763, you mentioned to me the excise laid upon cider, that the people in Hereford, cut their apple
trees down, and I assure you this will follow here unless our rulers repeal the late law. I can have, nor do I think any one of my acquaintance will have any objections to the excise on distilled spirits made of molasses."
PENNSYLVANIA.
PHILADELPHIA, July 21.
Extract of a letter from Newtown, on the Tioga, dated June 27.
"My last letter, dated the 23d, was written under the expectation of delivering the next intelligence of our journey by word of mouth: but the Indians are so very slow in their motions, that we are likely to be detained here much longer than will be agreeable to ourselves. No more than 150 of them have yet arrived, and the main body, said to consist of 790, are not expected before the 29th. A party of the Oneida's arrived 3 or 4 days ago. After waiting a day or two for an invitation from Col. Pickering, they went down to him in a body, and by their chief, called Good Peter, desired to know from his own mouth the business about which they were summoned to the council fire. "On receiving your message," said he, "we prepared ourselves to attend you, brother, and expected to have found you waiting to refresh us, when we came in, fatigued with our journey. You should have had the pot boiling ready to entertain us. You ought to have brought us water to wash the dust from our faces, and the dirt off our feet, and a little whiskey to moisten our throats," &c.—The Col. excused himself as being unacquainted with the customs of the Indians on these occasions, and informed them in general terms of the design of the treaty, with which they appeared well satisfied."
On Monday, May the 9th, the following motion was made by Earl Fitzwilliam, in the British House of Lords:
"That an humble address be presented to his Majesty, beseeching him not to enter into a war with Russia, to the destruction of our commerce in the Baltic; humbly to represent to his Majesty, that the possessions of the fortress of Oczakow, with its dependencies, when considered either in a commercial or a political point of view, was not an object of sufficient consequence to induce his Majesty to declare war against Russia."
After some debate, the question being called, the house divided.
For the question, 29 Against it, 96
Majority, 67
The great increase of population that the United States is daily receiving from the nations of Europe furnishes an astonishing field of contemplation to the reflecting mind. The revolutions and convulsions of the Transatlantic countries seem designed by the hand of Providence for the purpose of giving liberty to the Old World, and peopling the New. From France and Ireland we may expect to draw infinite resources of knowledge and improvement, by opening the bosom of America as an asylum to the worthy and oppressed inhabitants of each.—But it is not two or three countries, that our vast territory affords a sanctuary—We can give protection to those who want and deserve it from all the nations of the earth. America is rising into consequence with rapid velocity, it must and will rise, in less than one century to a pitch of greatness unequalled by a 11 other empires since the creation; for this will be a government of security for the person, the property, and the mind of man.
The Science of Politics, as we call it in America, is in some other countries a mere Trade, and the people are only Merchandize. Government with them exists for its own sake and for the emolument of the rulers. The people, it is true, are in some sort protected; but they are protected, like a flock of sheep, for the sake of their fleeces and their flesh.
In those other countries, "The dignity of Government" is the text—the doctrine raised and the practical inferences drawn from this text, and numerous hosts of public officers, high salaries, ostentatious parade, enormous expences, ruinous, unnecessary wars, and standing armies, abject servility, lordly influence and fulsome, profane flattery, ascribing to mortal creatures the attributes of divinity.
How happy is the condition of the United States of America, where none of these fatal symptoms appear, even in their slightest indications! Where all is simplicity and moderation! Where there are no unnecessary wars, no standing armies, no pride, no insolence, no servility, no flattery, no heavy expences, no ostentatious parade—but the RIGHTS OF MAN are respected in the meanest peasant; and the public officers are no more exalted, than is absolutely necessary to the discharge of their duty!!!
Who can doubt it?

JULY 25, 1791.
Latest European Intelligence,
Received by the brig Commerce, Capt. Jones, in 41 days from Exeter, in England.
COUNTER REVOLUTION.
HOW high the popular rumours of a counter revolution run, may be judged of by the following extract of a letter in circulation at Paris, dated from Chambery, in Savoy, May 7.
"I must warn you, in spite of the risk I run in doing so, that the storm is ready to burst upon France. The coalition of foreign powers is but too certain. Leopold is the chief of them.
"In the month of June, 400,000 men will enter France, in different places. Some disturbances in Savoy excited on purpose, have furnished a pretext for the court of Sardinia to send thither a large body of troops and artillery. Twenty-five pieces, of heavy artillery are now at Maurienne. Vivianne, from his large manufactory at this place (Chambery) has just sent off 1500 fusils for the army. We have just received here 6000 tents. The plan is, to attempt the first incursion on the side of Dauphiny.
"A fortnight ago Leopold was at Turin, while all Europe was ignorant of it. Believe me, the head officers of our own regular troops are not to be trusted.
Our court have been always accustomed to see the French under the yoke of despotism; rely upon it, that at the first approach of an enemy's army they will forget their constitution.
LONDON, May 28—June 1.
HOUSE OF LORDS.
WEDNESDAY, May 25.
Proceeded at eleven o'clock to Westminster Hall to the trial of Mr. Hastings, where evidence was received until five when the trial was adjourned, and ordered to be proceeded further with on Friday.
Yesterday a cabinet council met at the Secretary of State's office, in consequence of being summoned to take into consideration the dispatches received on Tuesday night from our envoy at the court of Berlin. The council was attended by all the ministers, and did not break up till six o'clock, when the result of its deliberations was laid before the King at Buckingham-house.
The press on the river was on Tuesday night as hot as at any period since the commencement of the present armaments.
A gentleman of rank, who arrived in town on Tuesday from Vienna, says, it was confidently asserted there, that the emperor had resolved to declare war against Prussia the moment this country shall act hostily against the empress.
A few days before this gentleman left Vienna, a courier had arrived from Petersburg, who brought the final determination of the Empress not to recede from the terms she has offered to the Turks, and upon no condition to give up Oczakow, or consent to its demolition.
It was the opinion universally received at Vienna, that the Russians will reach Constantinople before the end of summer.
The Dutch mails are full of accounts of the revolution in Poland, which from the unanimity with which it has been brought about as well as the universal satisfaction and applause with which it was received by all orders of the people, is one of the most singular and happy changes in government to be met with in the history of mankind.
The question of re-eligibility, in the members of the National Assembly of France, has been finally determined in a middle way, between the two extremes of immediate eligibility and a total disqualification from being again chosen. They have resolved, that the members of one legislature may be elected in a subsequent one; but not without an interval of two years. Thus there must be an entire change at every general election.
The rapidity with which Tippoo makes his movements, is principally attributed to the strength and swiftness of the bullocks which draw all his cannon, and are purchased for him at a very great expence all over India. With these bullocks, and the swiftness of his cavalry, his army can advance more in one day than our's in a day and a half, or sometimes two.
The London Gazette,
Contains a proclamation, continuing the bounties to seamen till the 30th of June.
May 27. Yesterday died, at his house, Portland-Place, the right reverend the Lord Bishop of Durham, after a long and most excruciating illness.
A courier from Peterburgh, with dispatches for count Woronzow, the Russian minister at our Court, came within a few hours after Basilico the messenger from Berlin, whose arrival caused the cabinet to sit several hours on Wednesday last. The dispatches brought by both couriers, announce the determination of the court of Peterburgh in regard to the terms proposed by the allied courts, for making a general peace. The result of this answer is as follows:
The Empress of Russia expresses herself much surprised at the King's message to both houses of par-
liament, and the armaments that were ordered in consequence of it; but she is not intimidated. She affirms, that she will not deviate from the plan she has proposed to the Turks for making peace; and the expresses that she does not dread the mischief that threatens her from her coasts being attacked by an English fleet, should it fail, as it could do her no very material injury. Her imperial majesty is nevertheless preparing for a very resolute defence, as if she did apprehend mischief from it, and is arm- ing, as well as fortifying her ports and coasts as strongly as the service and the time will admit.
Our hopes of a general peace, however, do not arise from any intelligence from the north. The Turks are now desirous of making peace, on terms proposed by the Empress, viz. That Oczakow and its dependencies shall be ceded to Russia—and we have the best reasons to believe that this measure has lately been recommended to the Turks by our court, rather than proceed to extremities. The empress, on the other hand, expresses in her late answer, that she is ready to accept of these terms, notwithstanding all the advantages she has gained since her first declaration of them.
UNITED STATES.
N E W - Y O R K.
NEW-YORK, July 16.
There were great sales of public securities on Thursday evening, upwards one hundred and eighty thousand dollars, paid under the hammer of M c Evers and Barclay.
JULY 20.
By London papers nothing final has been determined on relative to the Russian war. Preparations, negotiations, alarms, and reports---but no ultimatum.
Last Sunday Captain Boyd arrived here from Albany, with one hundred cases and tierces of Osego maple-sugar, which, it is said, is equal in goodness to that produced from the Jamaica canes. We are further told, that this sugar will be exposed for sale at public auction, in a few days, when there is no doubt a sufficient number of purchasers will appear as patrons to the patriotic industry of our brethren in the northwest.
PENNSYLVANIA.
PHILADELPHIA, July 21.
Extract of a letter from Calcutta, dated January 20.
"Lord Cornwallis is now at Madras, and takes the command of the army---Tippoo has out-generaled Meadows---They are now at the same place they were in May last---The army under Meadows was 17,000, and the Bombay army as many more, and have done nothing."
On Tuesday last, the Honourable Don Joseph Ignacio de Via, Charge des Affaires from the Court of Spain, and the Honourable Don Joseph de Jaudenes, the Commissioners lately arrived from that Court, had the honour of a private audience with the President of the United States, to whom they were presented by Thomas Jefferson, Esq; Secretary of State. Those gentlemen were formally received by the President, as representatives, charged with affairs of his Catholic Majesty.
Extract of a letter from Pittsburg, July 14.
"An express, arrived yesterday from French-Creek, informs us, that all Cornplanter's Indians (except himself, Stiffknees, Halftown, Twig, and about 15 more, who have taken refuge in the garrison) have taken up the hatchet: And that several others of their nation came from the other side of the Lake, to their assistance. What the event will be, God only knows."
Extract of a letter from Pittsburg, dated July 7.
"This moment we have a well-authenticated account, that General Scott, with his party, have returned, having completely surprised the Wabath towns. He has brought in thirty Indian men's scalps, fifty prisoners, and 200 horses loaded with peltry, and other articles taken from the towns; and he has effected all this with a very inconsiderable loss either of men or property. The above is confirmed, with the particulars, that General Scott is slightly wounded in the thigh, and that three only of our men are killed. The General sent back ten of the oldest men amongst his prisoners, with a message to the Indians, that if they do not immediately send in every one of our prisoners amongst them, he will put the other forty prisoners to death with the most excruciating tortures."
By a letter dated at Newton, on the Tioga, the 5th instant, it appears, that the main body of the Indians, amounting to 600, arrived there the 29th ult. and the next day, an interesting meeting was held at the table of Col. Pickering, who had invited about twenty of the Sachems or Chiefs of the Six Nations and other tribes, as well as several gentlemen from Philadelphia, to dine with him. The table was spread under a covert of green boughs (and as in former days) they dined together with a brotherly affection. When the table was clearing away for the introduction of pipes, the bench opposite to us gave way, and the whole row fell to the ground, on which one of the Philadelphians desired one of the interpreters to tell them "that they had now given an ocular proof of their determination to stand or fall together." They took the meaning, and laughed heartily. Shortly afterward, by an interpreter, requested them to open their
ears, for he had something to say to them. He then proceeded to represent the disadvantages of intemperance, and the evil nature of war; and the happy consequences of a quiet and peaceable disposition, in which all mankind might live together as becomes children of one father; and concluded with earnest wishes, that their old and wise men would endeavour to preserve quietness and good-will during the treaty for the renewal of peace and friendship, so that it might be attended with the desired effects: To which was added by another person, "it was with these sentiments our fathers met each other when they came into your country with William Penn 108 years ago. They lived about 70 years in uninterrupted peace and fellowship. If the Indians desire to preserve the same friendly dispositions, we believe the white people are now disposed to cherish them; and we heartily wish that a peace of still longer duration may be the happy consequence." As what had been said was repeating to them, they asserted in their manner, from time to time, with loud and general ithaw-hs . They afterwards talked together some time in a low voice. One of them (we are told) said to the rest, "don't you remember when we heard this speech a great many years ago?"
At length an old man, after repeating what had been said, rose and replied—"Brothers, we thank you for your advice; we have not much to say to you; we are not now at the Council-Fire. The Representative of the Thirteen States has invited us to his table, that we might take each other by the hand and converse together as friends. We thank you for reminding us of the time when our fathers lived together in peace and friendship. Then we went out and came in when we pleased, and our wives and children were secure. You have told us how it was with our fathers. We have a mind to tell you how it is with us. Formerly our nations were always at war one among another. Indians were born with the tomahawk in their hands, till Sir William Johnson told us that we ought to be one people. He made peace amongst us, for which we revere his memory. But after many years the French made war against the English. Then Sir William came to us, and laid his tomahawk down by us, and told us we must take it up against the French. We took it up for him then; but it was not right for him to put it into our hands. In the last war, when we heard that brothers were going to fight against brothers, we thought it strange. We could hardly believe that people of the same blood, would rise up and destroy one another. We saw they could not fetch a clear stroke because they could not scarcely distinguish between enemies and friends. If we had had our senses about us, we should not have taken up the tomahawk on either side. We ought to have let you alone, until you became brothers again, and then joined you as friends."
Col. Pickering observed, that the conversation was perfectly agreeable to him, and took occasion to enforce what had been said, by a recollection of the former harmony between the Indians and the people of Pennsylvania, who had lived in peace with them for a long time—intimating, that the same good-will had prompted those present to come so far to attend the treaty, with a belief of the friendly intentions of the great Chief of the United States towards the Indian nations; and that therefore it would be right that every jealous apprehension should be now removed.
My friend _____, having in his possession an old stone pipe, supposed to have been presented to William Penn, by the Indians, he repeated the history of it. As this was interpreted to them, they looked round at the pipe with expressions of satisfaction. The next Chief took hold of it, examined it attentively, smoked a whiff or two, then passed it to the next; and thus the old pipe went round once more as in the days of its worthy owner.
On the 2d instant we attended the introductory conference, on which the previous messages and circumstances of the treaty were rehearsed. An erect young man, of a commanding appearance, spoke for some time on behalf of the Indians; after which an old Chief delivered four strings of wampum, talking over them a considerable time, and closing his speech in this manner: "I herewith remove all doubts and fears, and our brothers, the white people, with their wives and children, may now rest quietly in their beds."
Yesterday the business was opened by a conciliatory speech from Col. Pickering, the conclusion of which will be delivered this day.
The writer of the letter proceeds with expressing satisfaction at having attended the treaty, which appeared so far to be strongly marked with such traits of peace and friendship, as were likewise evidently and mutually agreeable on the part of the Indians.
M A R Y L A N D.
BALTIMORE, July 29.
The best of times for community in general, says the Bennington paper, are the worst times for newsmongers: when peace with calm tranquillity pervades the realm, expectation is seldom excited, and the Printer feels as much at a loss for matter to present his readers as the writer of family epistles does when he has nothing more to say than that they are all well as usual.
Extract of a letter from London, May 9.
"On Thursday a deputation of blacks waited up on William Wilberforce, Esq; with an address of thanks in behalf of themselves and brethren for his late manly and liberal efforts in behalf of their freedom."

By a gentleman who arrived this day from Orleans, by land, we are informed that himself and six others were attacked on the Tenassee, at the mouth of Duck Creek on the 11th instant, by 25 Creek Indians—three of this party were killed, and one wounded. He further informs, that M c Gillivray has withdrawn himself from the Creeks, in consequence of their hostile determinations, and that they are encouraged by the Spaniards.
GEORGE-TOWN, July 23.
We have been credibly informed, that a gang of robbers now infest the high road between this town and Alexandria, and secret themselves in the swamp adjoining the road. They have made several fruitless attempts upon travellers and one with success the last week—A countryman on his way to market, was robbed of between 20 and 30 dollars in cash, and most or all of his market truck. It is said this gang is composed of deserters from the new raised troops, and runaway negroes.
A negro woman, Monday last, on her way from Broad Creek to this town, was stopped by two fellows a white and a black, and robbed of her money to the amount of three or four dollars, and were then proceeding to take her clothes, but on perceiving some person come in sight, they took to the woods without fully accomplishing their purpose. Not long before, she was robbed, she had met a girl of her colour, with both ears cut off, and then fresh bleeding:—She informed her that she had been stopped by two fellows (probably the same as mentioned above) who, on finding that she had no money, or any thing else of value, through revenge treated her in this barbarous manner.
Extract of a letter from a young gentleman belonging to the Western army to his Uncle in Frederick-Town, dated near Fort Pitt, June 27, 1791.
“Since our arrival here we have been joined by 500 Indians, who offered their assistance to serve us as pilots. They bring us the agreeable information that the hostile Indians are willing to make a GENERAL PEACE. I send you this intelligence, and should be glad you would communicate it to the Public.”
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, August 1.
WESTERN INTELLIGENCE.
From the KENTUCKY GAZETTE.
LEXINGTON, June 25.
We are authorized to give the Public the following detail of facts, relative to the operations of the expedition under Brigadier-General SCOTT, against the Savages of the Wabash:
The army marched four miles from the bank of the Ohio on the 23d of last month. They resumed their march on the 24th, and pushed forward with the utmost industry, directing their route to Ouiatannan, in the best manner their guides and information enabled them, though greatly deficient in both.
By the 31st, they had marched one hundred and thirty-five miles, over a country cut by four large branches of White-River, and many smaller streams, with steep muddy banks; during this march, they traversed a country alternately interspersed with the most luxuriant soil, and deep clayey bogs from one to five miles wide, rendered almost impervious by brush and briars. Rain fell in torrents every day, with frequent blasts of wind, and thunderstorms. These obstacles impeded their progress, wore down their horses, and destroyed their provisions.
On the morning of the 1st inst. as the army entered an ocean of Prairie, they perceived a man on horseback, a few miles to the right; a detachment was sent to intercept him, but he escaped. Finding themselves discovered, they determined to advance with all the rapidity their circumstances would permit, rather with the hope than the expectation of reaching the object sought that day; for the guides were strangers to the country they occupied. At 1 o'clock, having marched by computation one hundred and fifty-five miles from the Ohio, as they penetrated a grove, which bordered on an extensive Prairie, they discovered two small villages to their left, at two and four miles distance.
The guides recognized the ground, and informed them that the main town was four or five miles in front, behind a cople of wood, which jutted into the Prairie. Col. John Hardin was immediately detached, with 50 mounted infantry, and a troop of light-horse under the command of Captain M c Coy, to attack the village on the left, while the main body moved on briskly, in order of battle, towards the town, the smoke from which was discernible; the guides were deceived with respect to the situation of the town, for, instead of standing at the edge of the plain, it was found in the bottom bordering on the Wabash; on turning the point of the cople of wood, one house only presented in their front. Capt. William Price was ordered to assault that with 40 men, and he executed the command with great gallantry, killing two warriors; when they gained the margin of the eminence, which overlook the villages on the banks of the Wabash below, they discovered the enemy in great confusion, endeavouring to make their escape in canoes over the Wabash. Lieutenant-Colonel-Commandant Wilkinson was instantly ordered to rush forward with the first battalion, the order was executed with promptitude, and this detachment gained the bank, just as the rear of the enemy had embarked, and, regarding a brisk fire kept up from a Kickapoo
town on the opposite bank, they, in two minutes, unloaded five canoes crowded with savages.—The Wabash was many feet beyond fording at this place; Colonel Wilkinson was therefore detached to a ford two miles above, which the guides informed them was more practicable.
The enemy still kept possession of the Kickapoo town; King's and Logsdon's companies were ordered to march down the river, below the town, and cross, under the conduct of Major Barbee, in order to dislodge them; several of the men swam the river, and others passed in a small canoe: This movement was unobserved, and the men had taken post on the bank, before they were discovered by the enemy, who immediately abandoned the village. About this time word was brought, that Colonel Hardin was encumbered with prisoners, and had discovered a stronger village to his left, which he was preparing to attack. Capt. Brown was immediately detached with his company to support the Colonel; but the distance being six miles, before the Captain arrived the business was done, and Colonel Hardin joined the army a little before sunset, having killed six warriors, and taken fifty-two prisoners. Captain Bull, the warrior who discovered the army in the morning, had gained the main town, and given the alarm, about one hour before them; but the villages on the left were uninformed and had no retreat. The next morning it was determined to detach the Lieutenant-Colonel-Commandant, with five hundred men, to destroy the important town of Kehtepconunk, at the mouth of Bei river, eighteen miles from the camp, on the West side of the Wabash; but, on examination, it was discovered that the men and horses were too much crippled and worn down, by a long laborious march, and the active exertions of the preceding day, so that three hundred and sixty men only could be found in capacity to undertake the enterprise, and they preferred to march on foot.
Colonel Wilkinson marched with this detachment at half after five in the evening, and returned to camp the next day at one o'clock, having marched 36 miles in twelve hours, and destroyed the most important settlement of the enemy, in that quarter of the federal territory. The inhabitants of this village were principally French, and lived in a state of civilization; by the books, letters, and other documents found there, it is evident, that place was in close connection with, and dependent on, Detroit; a large quantity of corn, a variety of house hold goods, peltry, and other articles, were burned with this village, which consisted of about seventy houses, many of them well finished.
Misunderstanding the object of a white flag, which appeared on an opposite eminence in the afternoon of the 1st, an aged squaw was liberated, with a message to the Savages, that if they would come in and surrender, their towns should be spared, and that they should receive good treatment.—On the 4th, six of the most weak and most infirm of the prisoners were dismissed with a Talk to the Wabash Tribes. On the same day, after having burned the towns and adjacent villages, and destroyed the growing corn and pulse, the army began their march for the Rapids of Ohio, where they arrived the 14th, without the loss of a single man, by the enemy, and 5 only wounded, having killed 32 warriors, and taken 58 prisoners. It is with such pride and pleasure we mention, that no act of inhumanity has marked the conduct of the volunteers of Kentucky on this occasion; even the inveterate habit of scalping the dead ceased influence. Forty-one prisoners were delivered to Captain Alston, of the 1st United States regiment, at Fort-Stuben.
We sincerely lament that the weather, and the consequences it produced, rendered it impossible to carry terror and desolation to the head of the Wabash.
The corps were equal to the object; but the condition of the horses and the state of the provisions, were insuperable obstacles.
Many of the accounts published in the news-papers relative to the strength of the Indians in point of numbers, are totally void of foundation, and the rest are greatly exaggerated misrepresentations.—Those who talk of armies from three to seven thousand Indians, are entirely ignorant of the whole subject of Indian affairs—the greatest number of Savages that has perhaps been collected since Braddock's defeat with St. Ledger, the last war—those never amounted to more than 1500—and it is supposed on good grounds that the whole number of Creeks that invaded Georgia not long since, did not amount to more than 3 or 400.
In the debate on the Canada Bill, in the British House of Commons, several of the speakers on both sides of the question alluded to the Constitution of the United States. Mr. Fox, in particular, “recommended (in framing a constitution for Canada) imitation of the government of the United States of America, which he declared to be THE BEST GOVERNMENT NOW EXISTING. He suggested this modification not as an enemy to aristocracy but as a friend. When the several parts of the constitution are happily blended, said he, there is less danger of corruption.”
It is to the honor of the English Government, that every subject with which the rights of men, and the interest of humanity are connected, meets with the most ample and independent discussion—and tho' it is to be regretted that their decisions are not always agreeable to the sentiments of some of their best characters, yet the happiest consequences eventually result from such a free investigation almost every topic undergoes in the deliberations of both branches of their government.
The National Assembly of France has passed a decree, which gives to the free negroes and mulattoes in their colonies equal rights with the other inhabitants. The Governor of St. Domingo, on the 4th ult. by Proclamation, made public this intelligence, which created great disturbance in that colony. The Provincial Assembly met, protested against the decree of the National Assembly, determined to oppose the execution of it, and resolved to send Ministers Plenipotentiaries to the different European Courts, inviting their assistance to render their opposition effectual.
A Philadelphia paper of the 23d ult. asserts from good authority, that the extract of a letter from Pittsburg, lately published, relative to the Cornplanter's Indians having taken up the hatchet against the United States, is utterly groundless.—Major-General Butler received letters from Fort-Franklin, the originals of which were received at Philadelphia, containing fresh evidence of the friendly disposition of the Cornplanter and his party, and of the peaceable disposition in general of the Five Nations.
MARRIED, last evening, in this town Mr. RICHARD M c SHARRY, of Martinsburgh, Merchant, to the amiable and accomplished Miss STACY LILLEY.
LOTTERY FOR Berkeley Land.
S C H E M E.
ONE PRIZE OF ONE HUNDRED ACRES OF BERKELEY LAND, three quarters of a mile from CHARLES-TOWN, about 65 or 70 acres in cultivation, and under good fence—eight acres of which are excellent meadow, and can be watered at pleasure;—being part of the tract whereon FRANCIS KEYES lives, adjoining Mr. RICHARD BOUCHER.
  2d Prize of 100 Dollars is 100 Dollars.   4 Prizes of 25 are 100   100 Prizes of 3 are 300   308 Prizes of 2 are 616   550 Prizes of 1 are 550 
964 Prizes. 1666 Dollars.
2000 Tickets, at 2 Dollars each, will be little less than the chance of a prize to every two tickets.
THE advantages apparent in the above Scheme, the proposer (FRANCIS KEYES) flatters himself will induce a speedy sale of the Tickets:—the Land is well known to answer the description given in the first prize, and very little if any inferior to the best lands in the County.
The balance of money arising from the sale of Tickets (after deducting what the proposer humbly conceives will not be thought an extravagant price for the land, together with the trouble and expence necessarily attending the business) is divided into a number of small prizes, that those who miss the principal object, the LAND, may stand a probable chance to be indemnified the price of their Tickets.
A sale of property to any considerable amount, is, from the scarcity of money, almost impracticable; and the proposer being very desirous to comply with all his engagements, as well those entered into for his particular benefit, as others for which he unfortunately stands responsible, is in a manner compelled to make provision for that purpose by this mode—he hopes therefore, no unfavourable sentiment may preclude a belief that every circumstance respecting the above scheme will be carried into effect.
The disposal of Tickets and receipt of money arising therefrom, will be in the hands of none but persons above a temptation to embezzle; and the whole money will be again collected and deposited in the care of Moses HUNTER, Esq. Mr. EPHRAIM GAITHER, and Mr. ALEXANDER WHITE, all of Berkeley, there to remain untouched, except for the purposes of the above scheme.
Proper persons of undoubted credit will be appointed to superintend the drawing the above lottery, whose names, together with the time and place for executing the same, will be made known in the public papers:—also, a publication in the same way will from time to time be made of the number of tickets sold, and a certificate of the money lodged with the above Gentlemen.
A good and sufficient title for the Land will be made by Mr. ALEXANDER WHITE, who is fully empowered for that purpose.
FRANCIS KEYES.
Tickets may be had of Mr. CORNELIUS WYNCOOP, or at the PRINTING OFFICE in Shepherd's-Town.
Berkeley-County, July 28, 1791.
STOLEN on the 24th ult. from Mr. Philip Coone's stable in Martinsburgh a grey HORSE, 6 years old last spring, about 15 hands high, has no brand, has a ring-bone on the right hind leg near the lower joint, which has prevented the hair from growing, paces all, and is low carriages. Whoever will take up said Horse and return him to Mr. Coone, shall have Three Dollars reward, and necessary charges.
DAVID YOUNG.
August 1, 1791.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
ODE FOR July 4, 1791.
[Composed by Mr. Lathrop of Boston.]
FILL! fill to WASHINGTON, Liberty's valiant son, Let the toast pass! From each convivial band, From this vast, grateful land, His deeds do praise demand, Fill, fill the glass!
Heaven on our labour smiles, Fair Freedom crowns our toils, And Justice reigns; Peace shines with cheerful mein, Happiness beams serene, And Plenty cloth'd in green, Blessed our plains.
On Ocean's swelling tide, See our ships proudly ride, Laden with Wealth! Round fair Columbia's feat, Virtues and graces meet, Pleasures which make life sweet, Honor and Health.
O'er Europe's fields afar, Bold thousands rush to WAR, With dauntless souls! In Freedom's glorious cause, To save their rights and laws, From grim Oppression's jaws, War's thunder rolls.
Such was the gold-like fire, Which did our breasts inspire, When great in arms— Heroes like Jove in might Rag'd in the bloody fight, Throughout the realms of night, Spread dire alarms.
Down fell old Slav'ry's pow'r, Thank God! to rise no more, To curse the world — In the abyss of Hell, Where kindred furies dwell, And in mad ravings yell, Groaning, the's hurl'd!
Now WAR's rude clangours cease, And Olive sceptred Peace, Signs all around, Rise high the cheerful song. Heaven shall the notes prolong, And the angelick throng, Echo the sound!
TO CUT A DASH.
YOU must first fall upon some way to cheat a taylor, by getting in his debt; for a great deal you know, depends upon exteriors. There is no crime in this; for you will pay him if ever you are able—and good cloaths are very necessary for a dash.
Tell a fine story to some acquaintance who knows but little about you; and by this means borrow as much money as will furnish you with a very small bamboo , or very large cudgel —extremes are indispensable for a good dash.
When you walk in the street, take off your hat to every gentleman's carriage that passes—you may do the same to every pretty woman; for if she is well red (you being smartly dressed) she will return the compliment before she be able to recollect whether your's be a face she has seen somewhere , or not—Those who see it will call you a dashing fellow.
When a beggar stops you, put your hand in your pocket, and tell him you are really sorry you have got no change. This you know, will be a strict truth; and speaking truth is a commendable quality. Or if it suits you better, bid him go to his parish—This you may easily do in a dashing way.
As to victuals, you must run in debt at your lodging-house. You have nothing to do when the score becomes troublesome, but to change your lodgings: But you must do this very slyly, for fear you be obliged to cut a dash behind some iron barred window.
Never think of following any business—Such conduct is unworthy of any dasher.
In the evening, never walk straight along the foot-way, but go in a zig-zag direction. This will make some people believe you have been dashing down your three bottles after dinner—No dasher goes home sober.
TO BE SOLD, At PUBLIC AUCTION, for ready money, at the Court-House in the Town of MARTINSBURGH, On the first day of August Court next, TWO LOTS
In the said town, late the property of THOMAS MARTIN; on one of which is a large stone Dwelling-House, two story high:—on the other adjoining, is a large stone Still-House and Brewery, in which is an excellent and never-failing Spring.—These Lots are sold by virtue of a Decree of the County Court of BERKELEY, in Chancery, at the suit of JACOB SNAVELY. The possession will be given immediately, and the title made by
DAVID HUNTER, EPHRAIM GAITHER, } Commissioners. ROBERT M'KNIGHT.
July 4, 1791.
TO BE SOLD, At PUBLIC AUCTION, On the Second Monday in August next, At the Town of BATH,
THE LOT in the said town, known and distinguished therein by No. 66, on which is a large, two story, frame HOUSE, handsomely situated, with a good Kitchen, and a large stable, the whole of which has been erected within a few years, by Col. PETER BRYAN BRUIN, and in which he resided before he left this country. About Two Hundred Dollars of the purchase money must be paid within three months from the day of sale, and the residue within twelve months, on the payment of which, an indisputable title will be made the purchaser, as it is sold by virtue of a decree of the County Court of BERKELEY, in Chancery. Possession will be given immediately, by
DAVID HUNTER, WM SLAUGHTER sen. } Commissioners. LAWRENCE M'KEARNER.
At the same time and place, Will be sold also, at PUBLIC AUCTION, the following Lots in the said Town of BATH, to wit.
HALF of Lot No. 107, on which is a large commodious Dwelling-House, Kitchen and Stables, in which ROBERT THROCKMORTON lately and for several years kept entertainment, and is well calculated for that purpose.
Also, the whole of Lot No. 116, on which is a small, well finished House, with a good stone chimney.
Also, Lot No. 119, on which is a small House, with a stone chimney, a good garden paled in.
These Lots were late the property of ROBERT THROCKMORTON, and occupied by him, and sold by virtue of a deed of trust, made by him to the subscriber. One third of the purchase money to be paid in hand, the remainder at two equal annual payments.—On the payment of which a good and sufficient title will be made the purchaser, and possession given at the close of this season. The whole of these Lots are now in the occupation of GABRIEL THROCKMORTON, who keeps a house of entertainment therein.
PHILIP PENDLETON.
July 1, 1791.
GEORGE-TOWN, June 30, 1791. THE PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES having approved the sites for the Public Buildings, to be erected in pursuance of the Act of Congress for establishing the temporary and permanent Seat of the Government of the United States, the Commissioners, appointed in virtue of that Act, will meet at George-Town, on MONDAY, the 17th day of OCTOBER next, and proceed to sell, at VENDUE, a number of LOTS in the best situations in the Federal City. A deposit of 8 per cent. will be required; the residue to be secured on Bonds, with security, payable in three equal annual payments. The farther terms will be made known at the Sale,
THOMAS JOHNSON, DAVID STUART, } Commissioners. DANIEL CARROLL,
14 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber, about the middle of May, 1790, a black roan Mare, 4 years old, between 14 and 15 hands high, has a brand on the near shoulder, which appears like an S, but not plain, had a long switch tail, trots all, and had no shoes on when she went away. Also, strayed or stolen the latter end of July last, a small bay Mare, very old, about 12 hands high, has some grey hairs on her head, trots and paces. Whoever will give information to me, where either of the above Mares are, so that I recover them, shall have for the black roan Ten Dollars, and for the bay Mare Four Dollars reward.
MICHAEL DELAROCK.
Shepherd's-Town, June 21, 1791.
The subscriber takes this method of informing the Public, That he carries on a
Copper-smith and Tinman's Shop, In MARTINSBURGH,
Where all the various branches of the above Business are performed, at the house where JACOB COONS formerly dwelt, below the Sign of the Rising Sun, where gentlemen may be furnished with any kind of Copper and Tin Ware, as Still, Wash Kettles, Hatters' Kettles, Dye Kettles, Tea Kettles, Coffee Pots, Sauce Pans, and several other articles, too tedious to mention. The subscriber would thank his friends in particular, that would favour him with their custom.
JOHN ROHR.
N. B. The highest price is given for old Copper, Brass, Pewter, and Lead. Blue dying will be done in the best manner, on the most reasonable terms at the same place. Orders for any of the above articles left at the Printing-Office in Shepherd's Town , will be punctually complied with.
Martinsburg, June 22, 1791.
WAR DEPARTMENT, MAY 30, 1791.
INFORMATION is hereby given to all the military Invalids of the United States, that the sums to which they are entitled for six months of their annual pension from the 4th day of March, 1791, which will become due on the 4th day of September ensuing, will be paid on the said day by the Commissioners of the Loans within the States respectively, under the usual regulations, viz.
Every application for payment must be accompanied by the following vouchers.
1st. The certificate given by the state, specifying that the person possessing the same is in fact an invalid, and ascertaining the sum to which as such he is annually entitled.
2d. An affidavit, agreeably to the following form:
A. B came before me, one of the Justices of the county of _____ in the state of _____ and made oath that he is the same A. B. to whom the original certificate in his possession was given, of which the following is a copy (the certificate given by the state to be recited) that he served _____ (regiment, company or vessel) at the time he was disabled, and that he was resident in the _____ and county of _____ and has resided there for the last _____ years previous to which he resided in _____
In case an invalid should apply for payment by an attorney, the said attorney, besides the certificate and oath before recited, must produce a special letter of attorney agreeably to the following form:
I, A B of _____ county of _____ state of _____ do hereby constitute and appoint C. D of _____ my lawful attorney, to receive in my behalf of _____ my pension for six months, as an invalid of the United States from the fourth day of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety one, and ending the fourth day of September, of the same year.
Signed and sealed in the presence of _____ Witness.
Acknowledged before me.
Applications of executors and administrators must be accompanied with legal evidence of their respective offices, and also of the time the invalids died, whose pension they may claim. By command of the President of the United States.
H. KNOX, Secretary of War.
The Printers in the respective States are requested to publish the above in their newspapers, for the space of two months.
STOLEN, on the 17th of May last, from Mount-Shy-Township, near Susquehannah, Pennsylvania, a large bay Mare, 15 or 16 hands high, well made, 8 or 9 years old, has no brand, a bunch of white hairs in the middle of her tail, trots and paces, and has been used to work in a waggon. Whoever takes up said Mare, and will deliver her at Vulgamot's mill, on Long-Marsh, Maryland, shall have Three Pounds reward, and necessary charges.
CHRISTIAN VULGAMOT.
July 4, 1791.
Notice is hereby given to the Public,
THAT the Managers of the Shepherd's-Town New Church Lottery , are in hopes of being able to commence drawing on the second Tuesday in August next . Any who wish to become adventurers, and are not yet supplied with Tickets, will please to apply as speedily as possible to some of the Gentlemen who have been employed in the sale of the Tickets, or to Mr. JOSEPH M'MURRAN. Shepherd's-Town, July 4, 1791.