Kentucky gazette and general advertiser (Lexington [Ky.]), 1803-05-17 00:00:00

KENTUCKY GAZETTE
AND GENERAL ADVERTISER.
[VOL. XVI.—N o . 870.]
BY DANIEL BRADFORD, LEXINGTON.
TUESDAY, MAY 17, 1803.
TERMS OF THE GAZETTE.
This paper is published weekly, at two DOLLARS per annum, paid in advance.
Those who write to the Editor, must pay the postage of their letters.
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN from the subscriber, (out of his stable) A SADDLE, almost new, has been used about three months; the maker's name is Seth Creigh, which will be found under the skirt of the saddle. Any person who will give such information as will enable me to prosecute the thief, shall have the above reward, or FIVE DOLLARS for the Saddle only.
JOHN A. SEITZ.
Lexington, 21st Dec. 1803.
In all probability the Saddle will be offered for sale in this neighborhood.
THE Co-partnership of JOHN JORDAN Jun. & Co. having this day expired—All those indebted to said firm either by bond, note or book account, are requested to make immediate payment to John Jordan Jun. or Andrew F. Price, or steps will be taken to compel the same.
JOHN JORDAN Jun. & Co.
N. B. The business in future will be done by JOHN JORDAN Jun. who has a
Large and General Assortment of MERCHANDIZE, which he is determined to dispose of on the most reasonable terms for Cash, Hemp, Country Linen, or approved produce.—No Credit.
Lexington, K. Nov. 20th, 1802.
To Lease, A VALUABLE FARM, LYING in Mercer county on Salt river, about one mile and half above Maj. Buchanan's mill, on the road leading from Frankfort to Harrodsburg with about 100 acres of Cleared Land, a good Dwelling House and other Convenient Buildings, a large apple and Peach Orchard, Meadow and Pasture; the whole in good repair.
James Maccoun.
Lexington, March 14, 1803.
FOR SALE,
The following Tracts of LAND,
CONVEYED by John Fowler Esq. to Cuth. Banks and T. Bodley, by deed of trust, dated the 16th day of December 1800, to wit. 2800 acres in Montgomery county, Flat creek, between Small-Mountain creek and the upper Salt Springs, entered in the name of Crump and Patterson—also, 1700 acres in Campbell county, part of a survey in the name of Jacob Rubbammon, including Fowler's lick—also, 1000 acres in said county, on Bank-lick, being part of a tract of 4000 acres in the name of William Jones. Which said tracts of land, or either, or part of them, will be sold at private sale, for the purpose of satisfying and discharging the trusts mentioned in said deed. The terms may be known by applying to the subscribers in Lexington.
Cuth. Banks, Thos. Bodley.
March 14th, 1803.
ALL persons are cautioned against trading with my wife Jenny Reeds, on my account, as I am determined to be bound by no contracts of her making after this date.
SAMUEL REEDS Jun.
April 20, 1803.
3t*
A CALL.
ALL persons indebted to the subscriber, either by bond, note or book account, are requested to call on Mr. Thomas Reid, in whose hands they are lodged, and discharge the same immediately.
MICHAEL SHIVERY.
April 30, 1803.
3w
A GREAT VARIETY OF PAMPHLETS, FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.
ALEXR. PARKER & Co.
HAVE just imported from Philadelphia, and opened at their store, (in the brick house adjoining, their old stand, on the upper side, opposite the court-house) a very extensive and elegant assortment of
DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, CUTLERY, HARD-WARE, QUEENS', GLASS & CHINA WARES,
Which they will sell on the most moderate terms for CASH.
Lexington, March 30th, 1803.
N. B. Among the above are BOULTING CLOTHS, KENYEN'S MILL SAWS, And the best country made SYTHES and SICKLES.
FOR SALE,
1000 acres of Military Land, located, surveyed and patented in the name of Eliz. Moody, on the Caney fork of Russell's creek.
100 acres military land, in the name of James Taylor, on Pittman's creek.
500 acres like title, in the name of Johnston and Morrison, in the Grape fields.
666 2-3 acres like title, granted to Robt. Campbell, lying on Tradewater.
1500 acres granted to French Strother, lying on Hankton, not more than 12 miles from Paris, or 30 from Lexington—good title and quality.
3500 acres, Big Sandy river, granted to Geo. Brooke.
1000 do. Big Laurel river. Same.
7000 do. Big and Little Laurel rivers. Same.
2000 do. Yellow creek. Same.
1000 do. Three forks Cumberland river. Same.
The foregoing lands will be sold very low—1500 dollars worth of good Horses, and the like sum in Species, will be required by mid-summer; for the balance a credit from one to four years will be given; if required, any of the lands will be divided to as to suit purchasers—apply to
CUTH. BANKS,
near Lexington, or
GEO. CLARKE,
near Frankfort.
Kentucky, } March 27, 1803. } 2m
CHEAP GOODS FOR CASH.
SAML. & GEO. TROTTER, Have just received from Philadelphia an extensive and general assortment of
MERCHANDIZE, Consisting of
Dry Goods, Hard Ware, Groceries, China, Glass, Tin and Queen's } WARES.
Anvils, Vices, Steele, &c. &c. &c.
A great proportion of which were purchased at Auction, unusually cheap.
Also, For Sale, a quantity of Bar and Pig Lead, Shot, Cotton, Iron, of a superior quality, Castings, &c.
A few of Carey's elegant FAMILY BIBLES, and an assortment of SCHOOL-BOOKS.
They respectfully inform their friends and the public in general, that finding the disadvantage of selling goods on credit, that they have adopted the plan of selling entirely for CASH, in hand, which will enable them to dispose of their goods on lower terms than any yet sold in this state.
Lexington, 29th March, 1803.
PATENT SALT-MAKING.
THE SUBSCRIBER
HAVING obtained a Patent from the Government of the United States, for his improved plan of making Salt, gives notice, that he intends commencing the manufacture at the Lower Blue Licks, next summer, where he will dispose of the privilege to copy his works altogether, or in part, upon moderate terms.—Those who have considered my plan, assure me confidently, that a saving of more than one half of the labor and fuel now used, will be made in producing that article.
VAL: PEERS.
Virginia, } 23d March, 1803. } 2m
THE SUBSCRIBER.
In addition to his former collection of
BOOKS,
has just received the following:
Espinasse's Nisi Prius, Blackton's Commentaries, Kaime's Equity, Fonblanque's ditto, Washington's Reports, Cowper's ditto, Brown's ditto, Salkeld's ditto, Richardson's Practice, Powell on Contracts, Shepherd's Touchstone. Perrin's Grammar, Boyer's ditto, Harrifon's ditto, Ferguson's Lectures, Volney's ditto, Duncan's Logic, Morse's Geography, Guthrie's Grammar, Kaime's Elements of Criticism, Selectæ e Veteri, Sallust, Columbian Orator, American preceptor, Ælop's Fables, Dilworth's Spelling Book, Webster's ditto, Columbian ditto.
Quarto Bibles, Testaments, Baltimore Selection of Hymns, Newton's Hymns, Dialogues of Devils, Confession of Faith, Davidson's Exercises, Davis's Sermons, Episcopal Prayer Book, Free Enquiry into the origin of Sin, Brown's Oracle, Presbyterian confession of faith, Milton's Works, Ossian's Poems, Volney's Ruins, Warwick's Travels, Sandford & Merton, Charlotte Temple.
Also, Maps of Kentucky. He has also received a few copies of Carey's Quarto Bibles.
For subscribers, who are desired to call for them.
He most earnestly requests all those indebted to him, to call and settle their accounts immediately.
WILLIAM LEAVY.
Lexington, April 25, 1803.
KNOX COUNTY,
April Term, 1803.
John Reddick, Complainant,
vs.
Robert Campbell surviving partner of the late firm of Hicks & Campbell, and the Heirs & Representatives of James Hicks deceased, late partner in the firm of Hicks & Campbell, and John Ballinger.
IN CHANCERY.
THE defendant Robert Campbell, and the Heirs and Representatives of James Hicks, deceased, not having entered their appearance herein according to law, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of the commonwealth of Kentucky—on the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the first day of our next July term of our said court, and answer the complainant's bill, and that a copy of this order be published forthwith in the Kentucky Gazette for two months successively, and posted up on the front door of the court-house of this county, and published some Sunday immediately after divine service, at the Presbyterian meeting-house, near Standford.
A copy. Attest,
Richard Ballinger, C.K.C.Q.S.P.T
M A P S
OF THE
UNITED STATES,
For Sale at this Office.
LEXINGTON LIBRARY.
SUNDRY PRINTS
having been torn out of Books belonging to the Library, particularly the faces of WILLIAM PENN, and EDWARD BURKE.—The Directors will pay to any person giving information who has them THREE DOLLARS.
3t R. PATTERSON, Chm.
PROPOSALS
For carrying the Mails of the United States.
On the following Post Roads, will be received at the General Post Office in Washington City, until the 1st day of July next (1803) inclusive.
IN KENTUCKY.
138. From Lexington by Winchester, Montgomery ch and Fleming ch to Washington once a week—Leave Lexington every Wednesday at 8 a m, and arrive at Washington on Friday by noon—Leave Washington every Friday at 3 p m, and arrive at Lexington on Tuesday by 7 p m.
139. From Frankfort by Georgetown, Cynthia, Pendleton ch and Campbell ch to Cincinnati once a week—Leave Frankfort every Friday at 2 p m, and arrive at Cincinnati once a week—Leave Frankfort every Friday at 2 p m, and arrive at Cincinnati on Monday by 3 p m—Leave Cincinnati every Tuesday at 6 a m, and arrive at Frankfort on Friday by 10 a m.
140. From Frankfort by Shelbyville, Louisville and Shepherdville to Beardsstown once a week—Leave Frankfort every Tuesday at 9 a m, and arrive at Shelbyville by 2 p m—Leave Shelbyville in half an hour, and arrive at Louisville on Wednesday by 3 p m—Leave Louisville on Thursday at 6 p m, and arrive at Beardsstown on Friday by 11 a m. Returning—Leave Beardsstown every Friday by 1 p m, and arrive at Louisville on Saturday by 6 p m—Leave Louisville on Sunday at noon, and arrive at Shelbyville on Monday by 11 a m—Leave Shelbyville at noon, and arrive at Frankfort by 6 p m.
141. From Shelbyville by Middleburg, Beardsstown, Bealfsburg, and Harden ch to Breckenridge ch once a week—Leave Shelbyville every Tuesday at 3 p m, and arrive at Breckenridge ch on Friday by 11 a m—Leave Breckenridge ch Friday at 1 p m, arrive at Shelbyville on Monday by 11 a m.
142. From Breckenridge ch by Hartford, Russellville, and Springfield to Nashville Tn. once a week—Leave Breckenridge ch, every Friday at 2 p m, and arrive at Nashville on Monday by 6 p m. Leave Nashville every Tuesday at 5 a m, and arrive at Breckenridge ch on Friday by 10 a m.
143. From Hartford by Henderson, Harpshead, Eddyville, and Smithland to Fort Massac, once in two weeks—Leave Hartford every other Saturday at noon, and arrive at Fort Massac the next Thursday by 10 a m. Returning—Leave Fort Massac same day at 2 p m, and arrive at Hartford the next Tuesday by noon.
144. From Hartford by Vienna to Muhlenberg ch once in two weeks—Leave Hartford every other Saturday at noon and arrive at Muhlenberg ch on Sunday by 6 p m—Returning—Leave Muhlenberg ch every other Monday at 8 a m, and arrive at Hartford on Tuesday at 1 p m.
145. From Russellville by Davidburg, Christian ch and Eddy Grove to Eddyville, once in two weeks—Leave Russellville every other Monday at 6 a m, and arrive at Eddyville on Tuesday at 6 p m. Leave Eddyville every other Wednesday at 6 a m, and arrive at Russellville on Thursday by 6 p m.
146. From Russellville by Bowling Green and Glasgow to Green ch once in two weeks—Leave Russellville every other Monday at 6 a m, and arrive at Green ch on Wednesday by 10 a m. Leave Green ch every other Wednesday at 2 p m and arrive at Russellville on Friday by 6 p m.
147. From Frankfort by Harrodsburg, Danville, Lancaster, Stanford and Pulaski ch to Wayne ch once a week—Leave Frankfort every Friday at 3 p m, and arrive at Wayne ch the next Monday by 10 a m. Leave Wayne ch every Tuesday at 6 a m, and arrive at Frankfort on Friday by 10 a m.
148. From Danville by Springfield to Beardsstown once a week—Leave Danville every Monday by 6 a m, and arrive at Beardsstown by 6 p m. Leave Beardsstown every Tuesday at 6 a m, and arrive at Danville by 6 p m.
IN IANA TERRITORY.
149. From Louisville to Vincennes once a week—Leave Louisville every Thursday at 6 a m, and arrive at Vincennes on Saturday by 4 p m. Leave Vincennes on Sunday by 6 a m, and arrive at Louisville on Tuesday by 6 p m.
NOTES.
1. The Post Master General may expedite the mails and alter the times of arrival and departure at any time during the continuance of the contracts, he stipulating an adequate compensation for any extra expense that may be occasioned thereby.
2. Fifteen minutes shall be allowed for opening and closing the mails at all offices, where no particular time is specified.
3. For every thirty minutes delay (unavoidable accidents excepted) in arriving after the times prescribed in any contract, the contractor shall forfeit one dollar; and if the delay continue until the departure of any depending mail, whereby the mails destined for such depending mails, lose a trip, an additional forfeiture of five dollars shall be incurred.
4. Newspapers as well as letters are to be sent in the mail; and if any person making proposals, desires to carry newspapers, other than those conveyed in the mail for his own emolument, he must state in his proposals, for what sum he will carry with the emolument, and for what sum without that emolument.
5. Should any person making proposals desire an alteration of the times of arrival and departure above specified, he must state in his proposals the alterations desired, and the difference they will make in the terms of the contract.
6. Persons making proposals are desired to state their prices by the year. Those who contract will receive their pay quarterly in the months of February, May, August, and November, one month after the expiration of each quarter.
7. No other than a free white person shall be employed to convey the mail.
8. Where the proposer intends to convey the mail in the body of a stage carriage, he is desired to state it in his proposals.
9. The Post Master General reserves to himself the right of declaring any contract at an end whenever three failures happen, which amount to the loss of a trip each.
10. Those who wish to contract for two years, will make distinct proposals, specifying for what price they will perform the service for one year, and at what price for two years.
11. The contracts for the above routes are to be in operation on the first day of October next, and are to continue in force for one year, or two years, at the election of the Postmaster General.
GIDEON GRANGER,
Postmaster General.
General Post Office, } Washington City, } April 4th, 1803. } 6t
United States—
Kentucky District etc. } March Term, 1803. } United States, plffs. } against } William Bird, deft. } of a fill.
ON motion of the Attorney of the United States, and it appearing to the Court by the Marshal's return, that the defendant is not an inhabitant of this District; it is therefore ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next July Term, and answer to the information filed herein, otherwise on proof being made to the Court of the due publication of this order, a writ of enquiry shall be awarded to the plaintiffs &c.—and that a copy of this order be inserted in the Kentucky Gazette for twelve weeks successively.
A copy. Teste THOS. TUNSTALL, C.K.D.C.
BLANK BOOKS
Of any description may be had at this Office.—Also, old books re-bound, on the shortest notice.

(BY AUTHORITY.)
SEVENTH CONGRESS, OF THE UNITED STATES;
AT THE SECOND SESSION. Begun and held at the City of Washington, in the Territory of Columbia, on Monday, the sixth of December, one thousand eight hundred and two.
AN ACT
In addition to the act, intitled "An act concerning the registering and recording of ships and vessels of the United States," and to the act, intitled "An act to regulate the collection of duties on imports and tonnage."
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That if any person shall knowingly make, utter, or publish any false sea-letter, Mediterranean passport, or certificate of registry, or shall knowingly avail himself of any such Mediterranean passport, sea-letter, or certificate of registry, he shall forfeit and pay a sum not exceeding five thousand dollars, to be recovered by action of debt, in the name of the United States, in any court of competent jurisdiction, and if an officer of the United States, he shall forever thereafter be rendered incapable of holding any office of trust or profit, under the authority of the United States.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the controller of the treasury, to cause to be provided, blank certificates of registry, with such water and other secret marks as he may direct, which marks shall be made known only to the collectors and their deputies, and to the consuls or commercial agents of the United States; and from and after the thirty-first day of December next, no certificate of registry shall be issued, except such as shall have been provided and marked as aforesaid; and the ships or vessels of the United States, which shall have been duly registered as such, shall be entitled to new certificates of registry (gratis) in exchange for their old certificates of registry: And it shall be the duty of the respective collectors, on the departure of any such ship or vessel, after the said thirty-first day of December, from the district to which such ship or vessel shall belong, to issue a new certificate accordingly, and to retain and deface the former certificate.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That when any ship or vessel, which has been, or which shall be registered pursuant to any law of the United States, shall whilst such ship or vessel is without the limits of the United States, be sold or transferred in whole or in part to a citizen or citizens of the United States, such ship or vessel on her first arrival in the United States thereafter shall be entitled to all the privileges and benefits of a ship or vessel of the United States: Provided, That all the requisites of law, in order to the registry of ships or vessels, shall be complied with, and a new certificate of registry obtained for such ship or vessel, within three days from the time at which the master or other person having the charge or command of such ship or vessel is required to make his final report upon her first arrival after the said aforesaid, agreeably to the thirty-second section of the act, passed on the second day of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, entitled "An act to regulate the collection of duties on imports and tonnage." And it shall be lawful to pay to the collector of the district within which such ship or vessel may arrive as aforesaid, the duties imposed by law on the tonnage of such ship or vessel, at any time within three days from the time at which the master or other person having the charge or command of such ship or vessel, is required to make his final report as aforesaid, any thing to the contrary in any former law notwithstanding: Provided always, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to repeal or in any wise change the provisions, restrictions or limitations of any former act or acts, excepting so far as the same shall be repugnant to the provisions of this act.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the power vested in the Secretary of the Treasury, to remove disabilities incurred under the act to which this is a supplement, and under the act, intitled "An act for enrolling and licensing ships or vessels to be employed in the coasting trade and fisheries, and for regulating the same," shall extend to the remission of any foreign duties, which shall have been or shall be incurred by reason of such disabilities.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. A. BURR, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. March 2d, 1803. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT Concerning the City of Washington.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the superintendent of the city of
Washington shall be, and he hereby is allowed as a compensation for his services, a salary of one thousand two hundred dollars annually.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the surveyor of the city shall receive as a compensation for his services, an allowance of three dollars for every day during which he shall actually be employed.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the following sums be and the same hereby are appropriated for defraying the expense in relation to the said officers, that is to say:
For the salary of the superintendent for the year one thousand eight hundred and three, including an allowance at the same rate for six months of the preceding year, one thousand eight hundred dollars;
For clerk hire in his office, five hundred dollars;
For the wages of the surveyor, one thousand dollars;
For a messenger to both offices, and also to attend the surveyor in the field, two hundred dollars;
For fuel, stationery and other contingent expenses of both offices, two hundred dollars.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the several appropriations herein before made, shall be paid and discharged out of any monies in the hands of the said superintendent arising out of the city funds.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That a sum not exceeding fifty thousand dollars, shall be and is hereby appropriated, to be applied under the direction of the President of the United States, in such repairs or alterations in the capitol and other public buildings as may be necessary for the accommodation of Congress in their future sessions, and also for keeping in repair the highway between the capitol and other public buildings; which sum shall be paid out of any money in the treasury of the United States not otherwise appropriated.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. STEPHEN R. BRADLEY, President of the Senate pro tempore. March 3d, 1803. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
To revive and continue in force, an act in addition to an act intitled, "An act in addition to an act regulating the grants of land appropriated for Military services and for the Society of the United Brethren for propagating the gospel among the Heathen;" and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That the first section of an act in addition to an act, intitled "An act in addition to an act regulating the grants of land appropriated for Military services, and for the Society of the United Brethren for propagating the gospel among the Heathen," approved the twenty-sixth of April, eighteen hundred and two, be and the same is hereby revived and continued in force until the first day of April next.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of War be, and he hereby is authorized, from and after the first day of April next, to issue warrants for Military bounty lands to the two hundred and fifty-four persons who have exhibited their claims, and produced satisfactory evidence to substantiate the same, to the Secretary of War, in pursuance of the act of the twenty-sixth of April, eighteen hundred and two, intitled "An act in addition to an act, intitled, an act in addition to an act regulating the grants of land appropriated for Military services and for the Society of the United Brethren for propagating the gospel among the Heathen."
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the holders or proprietors of the said warrants issued by virtue of the preceding section, shall and may locate their respective warrants only, on any unlocated parts of the fifty quarter townships and the fractional quarter townships which had been reserved for original holders, by virtue of the fifth section of an act intitled "An act in addition to an act, intitled, an act regulating the grants of land appropriated for Military services, and for the Society of the United Brethren for propagating the gospel among the Heathen," or which may be received acre for acre, in payment for any of the lands of the United States, North of the river Ohio, and above the mouth of Kentucky river.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of War be, and he hereby is authorized to issue land warrants to Major General La Fayette, for eleven thousand five hundred twenty acres, which shall at his option, be located, surveyed and patented, in conformity with the provisions of an act intitled an act regulating the grants of land appropriated for military services, and for the Society of the United Brethren for propagating the gospel among the Heathen, or which may be received acre for acre, in payment for any of the lands of the United States, North of the river Ohio, and above the mouth of Kentucky river.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That all the unappropriated lands within the Military tract, shall be surveyed
into half sections, in the manner directed by the act intitled "An act to amend the act intitled an act providing for the sale of the lands of the United States in the Territory North-West of the Ohio, and above the mouth of Kentucky river;" and that so much of the said lands as lie West of the Eleventh Range within the said tract, shall be attached to, and made a part of the district of Chillicothe, and be offered for sale at that place, under the same regulations that other lands are within the said district.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That the lands within the said Eleventh Range, and East of it, within the said Military tract, and all the lands North of the Ohio Company's purchase West of the seven first Ranges, and East of the district of Chillicothe, shall be offered for sale at Zaneville, under the direction of a Register of the Land Office and receiver of public monies to be appointed for that purpose, who shall reside at that place, and shall perform the same duties and be allowed the same emoluments as are prescribed for and allowed to Registers and Receivers of the Land offices by law.
Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That all persons who have obtained certificates for the right of pre-emption to lands by virtue of two acts, the one intitled an act giving a right of pre-emption to certain persons who have contracted with John Cleves Symmes, or his associates for lands lying between the Miami rivers in the territory of the United States north-west of the Ohio," and the other "An act to extend and continue the provisions of the said act, passed on the first day of May, eighteen hundred and two, and who have not made the first payment therefor, before the first day of January last, shall be allowed until the tenth day of April next to complete the same; and that all persons who have become purchasers of land by virtue of the aforesaid acts, be, and they are hereby allowed until the first day of January, eighteen hundred and five, to make the second instalment, until the first day of January, eighteen hundred and six, to make their third instalment, and until the first day of January, eighteen hundred and seven, to make their fourth and last instalment; any thing in the acts aforesaid, to the contrary notwithstanding.
Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That where any warrants granted by the state of Virginia, for Military services, have been surveyed on the north-west side of the river Ohio, between the Sciota and the little Miami rivers, and the said warrants, or the plats and certificates of survey made thereon, have been lost or destroyed, the persons entitled to the said land may obtain a patent therefor, by producing a certified duplicate of the warrant from the Land Office of Virginia, or of the plat and certificate of survey from the office of the surveyor in which the same was recorded, and give satisfactory proof to the Secretary of War, by his affidavit, or otherwise, of the loss or destruction of said warrant, or plat and certificate of survey.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. STEPHEN R. BRADLEY, President of the Senate pro tempore. March 3, 1803. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
A DISSERTATION On the Political Character and Writings of THOMAS PAINE. Author of Common Sense, Rights of Man, &c. &c. &c.
NO. 6.
"RIGHTS OF MAN."
Governments, where hereditary descent is an elementary principle in the executive department, may very naturally be compared to a machine, with one of its wheels often at rest, and at other times working with such violence, as to destroy the object upon which it operates. As nature does not invariably bestow wisdom where it is most wanting, so innumerable instances have occurred in the history of monarchical institutions, where the throne has been filled by idiots and madmen. During the time of the imperial government at Rome, and indeed in France, England, Sweden and Russia, characters of this description arose to power, by the mere chance of hereditary descent. At Rome the emperor was sometimes so much incapacitated to discharge the duties of his office, that the Senate, which constituted a part of the legislature of the state, were compelled to take every important affair into their own hands. The imperial part of the government was completely at rest and enjoyed a kind of degraded nominal co-operation, without the wisdom to discriminate between the utility or evil tendency of each legislative act.
This kind of government is a mere farce. It is something like the dead man's hand in a game of cards, which is kept formally on one side, to be worked on, as occasion may require, without being able of itself to do any thing.
But when the chance of hereditary descent fills the throne with a race of unprincipled madmen, the state of society wherever the evil exists, is truly deplorable. The executive department be-
comes a deadly despotism, at whose foot-stool the government and the nation submit themselves with a servile fear. When Louis the eleventh broke the power of the nobility of France, the executive wheel of government threw the nation into a state of the utmost confusion, and ultimately destroyed itself, at the decapitation of his successor, Louis the sixteenth. Louis the eleventh got the military chest in his hands, destroyed the counterpoise which existed between the monarch on the one hand, and the people and nobles on the other, by suspending the provincial parliaments, and laid the foundation for the French revolution, through the oppressions of Louis the fourteenth. Charles the twelfth, threw the whole nation of Sweden into convulsions, when he penetrated to the centre of Russia and carried his arms into the deserts of Poland. What was the ultimate effect? He destroyed himself and the independence of both Sweden and Denmark. Peter the great acquired an established influence over the States of these kingdoms; and it is a fact not generally known, that the principle has been perpetuated in the line of his successors ever since.
This kind of government is always dangerous. Its principle is not relative to social happiness. It can only flourish on deception, which it sometimes detected by the vigilance of democracy, and then society suffer all the calamities of civil commotion.
But let us turn from this subject, on which the mind can scarcely find a resting place, to contemplate the perfections of the republican plan, which has truth and reason for its basis.
Many writers on the science of government have been disposed to speak unfavourably of the republican plan, on account of the factions to which it is apt to give birth. No opinion, however can be more erroneous; for it may be laid down as a maxim, that such is the temper of mankind, that they do not readily throw themselves into a state of danger and confusion without a justifiable cause. Most of the insurrections at Rome during the commonwealth were of this cast. The government and not the wanton inclinations of the people, constituted the leading causes of every removal of the populace to mount Aventine. A republican government, therefore when it is well organized, may for many reasons, be considered as the most safe, at the same time that it administers to the citizen the most perfect freedom. All its parts work together. Society is the focus of its strength, which either gives acceleration to its motion as occasion may require, or represses the influence which each order of the government might assume over the rest, to derange the harmony of the whole. This will always mark the operations of that kind of institution, which has a well digested system of rational principles for its superstructure and the will of the people for its basis. It requires no belief, for its existence beyond the nature of things, as it is presented to the senses at the moment when the materials are put together, to give it the form of a compact. Every citizen feeling himself free, asks not for the charter of his authority to act as he thinks proper, or takes the trouble, like the religious bigot, to search the annals of antiquity, for a period to date the origin of his claims. Man is his character and this character with all its rights, are relative to every nation and every period of time.
But the great advantage of this kind of government is, that it is forever susceptible of successive mutations, according to the exigencies of the state, by the sovereign will of the people. In many countries of Europe, the governments on account of the original structure of their constitutions, have ceased to be relative to the interests or happiness of the people, even allowing that there may have been periods, when they were most suitable to these ends. In England, Ireland and Scotland, in modern Italy, in Sweden and Denmark, as well as in Germany and Prussia, the temper of the people, the increase of knowledge, and the progress of civilization, in many other respects, have long since fitted the mass of society, for republican forms of government. But the original structure of the old governments in these countries, is an obstacle which cannot be removed without immense danger; and therefore, the people are willing to suffer the tranquillity of slavery, to avoid the calamities of civil commotion, by an effort to become free.
This kind of government is of all others the most energetic in its principles and structure, so long as the will of the nation constitutes the ground upon which it is erected. Under monarchical institutions, the government belongs either to the king alone, or to the king and nobles together. Under the republican plan, the people are the sole proprietors. It is a species of property which they consider as exclusively belonging to themselves, and therefore becomes an object of the most earnest solicitude and care. All its parts are completely understood; and the beauty, regularity and harmony which compose its features, the general facility and safety which it produces, and the freedom which it gives to every sentiment and action that can embellish life and manners, naturally attract the affections of a people who have once enjoyed these advantages. It is owing to these causes, that the republican plan is calculated to outlive, in duration, any other system that can be devised. The
diffusion of knowledge, to which it is so favorable and the free spirit of enquiry which the mind assumes, when it no longer dreads the rack or the inquisition, will always give birth to right reasoning on political subjects, and prevent it from becoming poisoned by that fatal prejudice and spirit of indifference, which mark the approach of national misfortune. The ancient Batavians took the government under their immediate management, and the nation continued free for several ages. The spirit of commerce and the pride of luxury made them in process of time indifferent to every object of a political nature, and it was then that the republic lost its liberty. The same cause produced the same effect at Rome, some time prior to the proscriptions of Sylla.
There is nothing, perhaps, which tends so much to perpetuate the duration of a republic, as the freedom of popular suffrage in elections. The first stab which the Roman liberties received, was occasioned by the establishment of the Leges Tabulares , towards the close of the republic. Under these laws all elections became secret, which immediately opened an avenue for every species of corruption and venality on the part of both the elector and the elected. It was not surprising, therefore, that the liberty of the citizen should be destroyed, when both the government and the vices of society, mutually conspired to subvert the foundation upon which it rested. At Athens, before the flame of liberty expired, all elections were public. But when the government became vested in the hands of those tyrants which the fickle temper of the Athenians submitted to, in the last ages of the republic, the freedom of suffrage no longer existed. Every vote was given in the most secret manner, to avert the vengeance of an overgrown aristocracy, who had usurped the rights of the people. Is not this the case in every despotic government? In a genuine republic, however, where every man votes in a public manner, there will no longer exist those fatal intrigues in government, which equally serve to render itself impotent and to corrupt the mass of the people, by party collusion. Had this right been exercised in a public manner at Venice, the aristocracy would never have usurped the reins of government. The secret exercise of the privilege, only served to perpetuate it; for as long as the elector was unknown, he was secure from the vengeance of the inquisition. If he had given his vote in a public manner, it would have occasioned resentment somewhere, and he was sure of being cut off by the most terrible of human punishments. The tranquillity of a peaceable degrading slavery was preferred to the dangers which might attend an effort to become free. But the blood that would have stained the alters of aristocracy, in consequence of a free exercise of the right of suffrage, would soon have called for vengeance from the suffering party, and at last produced its own punishment, by exciting the resentment of human nature.
Republican institutions, however, require no inquisitions or mansions of duress, to punish the freedom of sentiment or action. From their very nature and organization, they would be considered as an absurdity; because it would be the people inflicting a punishment on themselves. In countries where there are distinct orders in society, as in England, Germany and most other European states, it is the ascendancy which the one gains over the other, that puts an end to the claims of liberty, in the party which is obliged to submit to superior controul. But where all men are equal as in the republican order of things, there is no necessity for burthen some and unnatural impositions on any part of society, to protect the whole from ruin. Man enjoys his natural liberty with a few necessary social restrictions, which are neither rigorous or incompatible with his happiness. The policy, however, pursued by despotic courts, is necessarily different. The great object is the destruction of equality, by creating a higher order over and above the popular mass, to excite their fear by superior power, and to inspire their admiration by the display of all the splendour of wealth, rank and distinction. To strengthen the delusion, which is so apt to command the obedience and excite the veneration and credulity of ignorance, an order of men are exalted from the lowly condition of celestial missionaries and the primitive simplicity of the ancient patriarchs, to sit in the councils of kings, to assume all the vicious habits of aristocracy and to augment the conspiracy of despotism against the rights of human nature. The clergy have in all ages of the world, constituted the base of society. In conjunction with the secular orders of nobility, they have always been unfavorable to civil liberty. The one, armed with the vindictive statutes of aristocracy, and the other with the Bible, the Koran, or the Shafter, have laid siege to the empire of the passions and effected a complete triumph over philosophy and reason. This constitutes a double slavery on the people. The state threatens to the unfortunate culprit, all the miseries which our physical condition is susceptible of; whilst the church carries our afflictions beyond this world, and purifies us with vengeance to the footstool of a merciful and benificent providence.
These facts are clearly illustrated in the history of France, during the mo-

archy, and that of Spain and Portugal, from the period when a union took place between church and state. Oliver Cromwell, by siding with each ecclesiastical order of England, would have been declared king, provided his ambitious career had not been frustrated by death. It was by a hypocritical semblance of friendship which he exhibited to the nation, the protestant church and the Romish hierarchy, and by deceiving in reality all three of them, that he became possessed of such unbounded influence, as to enable him to awe all Europe. What was the cause, after the expulsion of Targuin, and the destruction of patrician influence at Rome, that the people so soon submitted again to tyranny? Because Servius Tullus, blended the church with the state, made it a fundamental law, that all great appointments as well as every important project, should be submitted to the determination of soothsayers, who by imposing on the ignorance and credulity of the people, threw the state into convulsions, and opened an avenue for patrician usurpation.
In republican governments, the people are acquainted with the characters they entrust. The confidence which this circumstance inspires, not only adds to the general felicity, but when the people are themselves deceived, they can apply an appropriate remedy to the evil and remove it at once. The case is different in monarchical states. The king, who has nothing to answer for to the people, makes all great appointments, and the government which this order pleases to impose upon them they are compelled to submit to. In England, every change of minister produces a temporary convulsion in the nation. If his principles are supposed to be hostile to the privileged orders, it excites the opposition of the aristocracy; and if they are of a different stamp, the people, who suffer all the calamities of a mad administration, in their turn, complain of the imposition. Besides, the minister is entirely unknown to the very body of society which is to suffer most, by an improper management of affairs. No confidence can be reposed in the character whose principles are doubtful. When lord North and the marquis of Rockingham were appointed ministers in England, they were not known by a tenth part of the nation. The impolicy of their administration was an evil which the people could not remedy, even when the drift and talents of these men were fully discovered. Had the government, however, been in the hands of the people, what would have been the punishment of such a mad scheme as North's to subjugate the Americans, at the expence of the national blood and treasure, and the feelings of humanity? The people would have turned him out of office, and consigned him to oblivion, as they have done in America by John Adams. But in England, and in every country where government is not relative to the natural rights of mankind, the happiness and claims of the people are objects of the last consideration. Governments of a despotic kind are naturally lazy in the administration of justice. When the power over the multitude is complete, the one becomes every thing and the other nothing. This is the cause why European monarchs compose a mere nominal executive, by doing nothing themselves and confiding every thing to their ministers, and why Asiatic despotism is committed to the hands of viziers, who having no motive to cultivate the affections of any other than the despot they represent, oppress the people with the most unfeeling barbarity to gratify the cravings of avarice.
These ministers act like the savages of Louisiana, who, when they are desirous of fruit, cut the tree to the root, and then gather it. I have attempted in this number, to illustrate the principles of Mr. Paine, by Historical deduction and example, and by some degree of moral reasoning. They will have a tendency to shew the impositions under which mankind have laboured by the five conceptions they have entertained of the principles of government, and by limiting themselves to an authority the grounds itself on usurpation.
STILPO. [From the Spectator.] THOMAS PAINE, To the Citizens of the United States, And particularly To the leaders of the federal faction. LETTER THE SIXTH. The malignant minds, to the jaundiced eye sees every thing through a false medium of its own creation. The light of Heaven appears stained with yellow from the distempered light of the one; and the fairest actions have the stain of crimes in the venomous imagination of the other. For several months both before and after my return to America, October last, apostate papers, filling themselves gress, to whom I refer you for them. He federal, were filled with paragraphs and goes in the Maryland Sloop of war, essays respecting a letter from Mr. Jefferson to me at Paris and thence on them knew the contents of the letter nor the occasion of writing it, to my knowledge they suppose it, and to lying vessel. Mr. Dawsons is charged with orders to the captain of the Maryland to receive and accommodate you back if you can be induced to depart at such a short warning. Now publish the letter, and the occasion of its being written. The treaty negotiated in England, by
John Jay, and ratified by the Washington administration, had so disgracefully surrendered the right and freedom of the American flag, that all the commerce of the United States on the ocean became exposed to capture, and suffered in consequence of it. The duration of the treaty was limited to two years after the war; and, consequently, America could not, during that period relieve herself from the chains which that treaty had fixed upon her. This being the case, the only relief that could come must arise out of something originating in Europe, that would, in its consequences extend to America. It had long been my opinion that commerce contained within itself the means of its own protection; but as the time for bringing forward a new system is not always happening it is necessary to watch its approach, and take hold of it before it passes away. As soon as the late emperor Paul of Russia abandoned his coalition with England and became a neutral power, this crisis of time, and also of circumstance, was then arriving; and I employed it in arranging a plan for the protection of the commerce of neutral nations during war, that might, in its operation and consequences, relieve the commerce of America. The plan with the pieces accompanying it, consisted of about forty pages. The citizen Bonneville, with whom I lived in Paris, translated it into French — Mr. Skipwith the American consul, Joel Barlow, and myself, had the translation printed and distributed as a present to the foreign ministers of all the neutral nations then resident in Paris. This was in the summer of 1800.
It was entitled MARITIME COMPACT (in French pacte maritime ). The plan, exclusive of the pieces that accompanied it, consisted of the following preamble and articles. (The Compact in our next.) The foregoing plan as I have before mentioned, was presented to the ministers of all the neutral nations then in Paris, in the summer of 1800. Six copies were given to the Russian general Springporten; and a Russian gentleman who was going to Peterburgh took two, expressly for the purpose of putting them into the hands of Paul. I sent the original manuscript, in my own hand writing, to Mr. Jefferson, and also wrote him four letters dated the 1st, 4th, 6th, and 16th October, 1800, giving him an account of what was then going on in Europe, respecting neutral commerce. The case was, that in order to compel the English government to acknowledge the rights of neutral commerce, and that free ships make free goods, the emperor Paul, in the month of September, following, the publication of the plan, that all the ports of Russia against England — Sweden and Denmark did the same by their ports, and Denmark shut up Hamburg. Prussia shut up the Elbe and the Weser. The ports of Spain, Portugal and Naples were shut up, and in general all the ports of Italy except Venice, which the emperor of Germany held, and had not been for the mutually death of Paul, a law of nations founded on the authority of nations, for establishing the rights of neutral commerce and the freedom of the seas would have been proclaimed, and the government of England, null have consented to that law, or the nation must have lost its commerce: And the consequence to America would have been that such a law would, in a great measure, have if not entirely, released her from the injury of Jays treaty.
Of all these matters I informed Mr. Jefferson. This was before he was president, and the letter he wrote me after he was in president in answer to those I had written to him and the manuscript copy of the plan I had sent him. Here follows the letter. Washington, March 18, 1801.
DEAR SIR, Your letters of October 1st, 4th, 6th, 16th, came duly to hand, and the papers which they covered were, according to your permission, published in the newspapers, and in a pamphlet, and under your own name. These papers contain precisely our principles, and I hope they will be generally recognized here. Determined as we are to avoid, if possible, wasting the energies of our people in war & destruction, we shall avoid implicating ourselves with the powers of Europe, even in support of the principles which we mean to pursue. They have so many other interests different from ours that we must avoid being entangled in them. We believe that we can enforce those principles as to ourselves by peaceable means, now that we are likely to have our public councils detached from foreign views. The return of our citizens from the frenzy into which they had been wrought, partly by ill conduct in France, partly by artifices practiced upon them, is almost extinct, and will I believe, become quite so. But the details, too minute and long for a letter, will be better developed by Mr. Dawsons the bearer of this, a member of the late congressional committee, to whom I refer you for them. He will wait a few days at Havre to receive his letters to be written on his arrival at Paris. You expressed a wish to the captain of the Maryland to receive and accommodate you back if you can be induced to depart at such a short warning. Now publish the letter, and the occasion of its being written. The treaty negotiated in England, by
ratification of the convention by Mr. Dawsons. I am in hopes you will find it returned generally to sentiments worthy of former times. In itself it will be your glory to have steadily laboured and with as much effect as any man living. That you may long live to continue your useful labors and to reap the reward in the thankfulness of nations is my sincere prayer. Accept assurances of my high esteem and affectionate attachment. THOMAS JEFFERSON.
This, citizens of the United States, is the letter about which the leaders and tools of the federal faction, without knowing its contents or the occasion of writing it, have wasted so many malignant falsehoods. It is a letter, which on account of its wise economy, and peaceable principles and its forbearance to reproach, will be read by every good man and every good citizen with pleasure, and the faction, mortified at its appearance, will have to regret that they forced it into publication. The least atonement they can now offer is to make the letter as public as they have made their own infamy, and learn to lie no more.
The same injustice they shewed to Mr. Jefferson they shewed to me. I had employed myself in Europe, and at my own expence, in forming and promoting a plan, that would in its operation, have benefited the commerce of America; and the federal faction here invented and circulated an account in the papers, they employ, that I had given a plan to the French for burning all the towns on the coast from Savannah to Baltimore. Were I to prosecute them for this (and I do not promise that I will not, for the liberty of the press is not the liberty of lying) there is not a federal judge, not even one of midnight appointment, but must, from the nature of the case, be obliged to condemn them. The faction, however, cannot complain, they have been restrained in any thing. They have had their full swing of lying uncontradicted; they have availed themselves, unopposed, of all the arts hypocritical could devise; and the event has been, what, in all such cases it ever will, and ought to be, the ruin of themselves.
The characters of the late and present administration are now sufficiently marked, and the adherents of each keep up the distinction. The former administration rendered itself notorious by outrage, excoemical parade, false alarms, a continued increase of taxes, and an unceasing clamour for war; and as every vice has a virtue opposed to it, the present administration moves on the direct contrary line. The question, therefore, at elections is not, properly, a question upon persons, but upon principles. Those who are for peace, moderate taxes, and mild government, will vote for the administration that conducts itself by those principles, in whatever hands that administration may be. There are in the United States, and particularly in the middle states, several religious sects whose leading moral principle is PEACE. It is, therefore, impossible that such persons, consistently with the dictates of that principle, can vote for an administration that is clamorous for war. When moral principles rather than persons, are candidates for power, to vote is to perform a moral duty, and not to vote is to neglect a duty. That persons who were hunting after places, offices and contracts, should be advocates for war, taxes and extravagance, is not to be wondered at; but that so large a portion of the people who had nothing to depend upon but their industry, and no other public prospect but that of paying taxes and bearing the burden, should be advocates for the same measures, is a thoughtlessness not easily accounted for. But reason is recovering her empire, and the fog of delusion is clearing away.
THOMAS PAINE. Bordentown, on the Delaware. New-Jersey, April 21, 1803.
† The plans, with the papers accompanying it were published by S. H. Smith, of the Federal City. ON Tuesday evening last, Mr. James Bell, tavern keeper of this place, called upon us to examine his negro boy, relative to some money that had been discovered in his possession. Upon enquiry we found he had that day taken it out of the pocket of an intoxicated man: this discovery led us to a further examination of his conduct; he frankly acknowledged that he had repeatedly taken small sums of money from Mr. Bell, and that he had taken from Mr. Jno. Cambell and Jno. McMullin, while they were boarders with him, several dollars out of their chest or box, and that he had given it to some friend, but notwithstanding every exertion that could be made use of he would not discover his confidant. At the request of Mr. Bell, we have given the foregoing certificate. R. M. GANO, JNO. THOMSON. George Town, May 16th, 1803.
N. B. Least my character and situation with those who are unacquainted with me, as a tavern keeper, might be injured by the said Cambell and McMullin, (if any assertions of men of their description could injure any man) I have thought proper to procure the above certificate, and in consequence of the above I have parted with the boy above alluded to, and shall make use of every exertion to deserve well of the public. J. BELL. May 16th, 1803, George Town. Sundry articles of intelligence, and a number of Advertisements which are unavoidably omitted this week, shall appear in our next. BLANK BILLS OF LADING, For sale at this Office.
LEXINGTON, MAY 17.
A letter from a gentleman of Lexington, now at Natchez, contains the following prices current — From the respectability of the writer, we believe they are correct, although they differ from those given in the Natchez papers.
PRICES CURRENT AT NATCHEZ, 26th April.
  D. C. D. C.    Flour - 4 4 50  Cotton in bales - 15 16  Bacon per cwt. - 8 9  Lard - 8 10  Whiskey per gal. - 50 62  Bale Rope at long cre-  dit. 12 & 18 months, 10  Pork per bar, - 8 10  
The above prices are merely nominal, as it is impossible to effect sales at any price here for money."
A note from a gentleman in Warrenton, N. C. to the editor, without date, but which must have been subsequent to the 25th ult. says, "The negroes rose in this town last night and made great havoc — We had to fly."
In the Natchez paper of the 16th April, is the plan of government for Louisiana, decreed by the Consuls of the French Republic [want of room prevents its insertion this week.] The Province is to be governed by three magistrates: — a Captain General, a Colonial Prefect, and a Commissary of Justice.
SHIP NEWS.
By the Louisville paper of the 5th inst. it appears, that the brig Minerva of Marietta, burthen about 150 tons, passed the Falls on that day. The Schooner Indiana of same place, passed on the 28th April. — The Schooner Go-By of Frankfort, on the 1st May — The Schooner Dorcas and Sally of Wheeling, burthen about 50 tons, on the 2d. — The ship Pittsburgh of Pittsburgh, 268 tons, and the Schooner Amity of same place, 103 tons, on the 3d.
We congratulate the people of Kentucky on the following information, taken from the National Intelligencer of the 29th ult:
We understand that in the course of the ensuing year a line of STAGES will be established from RICHMOND to FRANKFORT in KENTUCKY, by which the mail will be carried. We congratulate the public on the measures which have been taken by the general government to effect this great object, the importance of which, will be fully appreciated by every citizen correctly impressed with the growing consequence of the western country, which it will then be practicable to reach in a period of ten days. The political and commercial advantages of this arrangement will be equally felt by those who rest on the Atlantic and the western waters. Integral parts of one common empire the prevalent opinions and feelings of the one will be easily and promptly communicated to the other; and a more frequent intercourse of the citizens of each will add a new tie to that connection which we trust time will only render more indissoluble.
LONDON, March 9. MESSAGE FROM HIS MAJESTY. The Chancellor of the Exchequer shortly after he entered the house, placed himself at the bar, and brought up the following message from his majesty:
omit no means in his power which may contribute to their security. "In pursuance, therefore, of the acts of parliament enabling his majesty to call out and assemble the militia of the United Kingdom, his majesty has thought it right to make this communication to the House of Commons, to the end that his majesty may cause the said militia, or such part thereof as his majesty shall think necessary, to be forthwith drawn out and embodied, and to march as occasion shall require. "G. R."
LONDON, March 19. At Madame Bonaparte's drawing room on Sunday last, the first conul appeared in a state of evident irritability. When he approached the English ambassador, he observed with warmth, that a war had now desolated Europe for fifteen years, and asked whether it was now to be renewed? Adding, that if it was, it might last for as long a period. To which Lord Whitworth calmly replied, that if it was renewed, it would not be the fault of Great Britain. Bonaparte then went among the ladies, and soon after returned to Lord Whitworth, and vehemently declared, that the armaments now preparing in the ports of France, were destined only for the colonies, in the preservation of which England was as much interested as he could be. He soon after quitted the room, calling on God and man to witness, that he hoped vengeance would be inflicted on the power which, by a violation of treaty, should cause the renewal of hostilities. All accounts agree that his countenance was throughout, almost disfigured by passion; and his tone was so loud and vehement, that at least half the company present must have heard all that passed on this extraordinary occasion.
Government, we have been informed this morning, expect to receive a definitive answer from Bonaparte to night. Their ultimatum was dispatched on Tuesday last, and as we understand, an immediate reply was demanded, they are in expectation of dispatches to night or to-morrow morning, that will decide the question of peace or war. An English vessel arrived on Wednesday night from La Hogue. She failed from thence last Sunday evening in consequence of the bustle and confusion that was going on at La Hogue and Chamburg. She was about to load oysters for London, and was heaving out ballast for that purpose; but from the warlike appearance of affairs in that neighbourhood, the captain thought it most prudent to leave it as early as possible. Tickets were leaving at the houses of all those connected with the army, and the utmost confusion seemed to prevail.
It is said an embargo has been laid on all the English vessels in the French ports. Considerable agitation has been caused by a vessel being stranded off the coast of Ireland, with stands of arms on board to a considerable amount. The crew are said to have deserted the vessel after throwing a large box overboard, which to their great mortification did not sink but floated to shore. It was found to contain colours of green, with the words "Union — France and Ireland," in the centre.
UNITED STATES, Kentucky District. (to wit:)
BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the twentieth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and three, and in the twenty-seventh year of American Independence, JAMES HUGHES hath deposited in this Office the title of a book, the right whereof he claims as author, in the words following (to wit:) "A Report of the Causes determined by the late Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky, and by the Court of Appeals, in which the titles to Land were in dispute, by James Hughes" of the said District, in conformity to the Act of Congress of the United States, entitled "An act for the encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts and Books to the Authors and Proprietors of such copies, during the time therein mentioned." Certified under my hand, as clerk of the District Court of the United States in and for the Kentucky District, and Seal of Office this twentieth day of April, 1803. (L. S.) THOS. TUNSTALL, C.K.D.C.
UNITED STATES, Kentucky District, Sc.
I DO hereby certify, that the foregoing is a true transcript from the Records in my Office. THOS. TUNSTALL, C.K.D.C. The above work may be had at the office of the Kentucky Gazette.
Taken up by Richard Northcutt, on Green river, a BAY MARE, 3 years old next spring, branded with a small pot-hook on the near buttock and shoulder, four white feet, some white hairs in her forehead; appraised to fifty dollars. 25th Nov. 1802. Val Peyton.
Taken up by James Carr, living in Montgomery county, near the Furnace, a BAY HORSE, six years old this spring, about 14 hands high, branded on the near shoulder and buttock with a V; trots natural; appraised to 71. March 16, 1803. Benj. South.

EPIGRAM.
A BULL AND NO BULL
A WAG having waged with Teague half a crown, About how many signs of the Bull were in town; Teague swore there were three—which was flatly denied, And to point out a Bull more than two was defied; When he thus 'gan to count "there's—the black Bull in Foregates, That's one—then the second's the white Bull in Norgate; And as for the next, which makes three you'll allow, In the very next lane there's a little brown cow." "A right Irish blunder!" says each flander-keens, "And the bet you have lost"—"Tut" says Teague "that's a lie! I'll be bound, 'stead of loosing my wager I win it, For that blunder's a Bull, or the devil is in it!"
DIVERSITY.
"Madame," said a gentleman to a lady of fashion at Brighton, on seeing the portrait of a youth who died for love of her suspended from her neck, "I am concerned to see my young friend bang-ing in chains at the place of his execution."
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
ON Sunday night the 1st inst. my Store was broke open, and a small bag taken out of one of my trunks, containing ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS and SEVENTY-NINE CENTS in Cash; as it was money collected for Militia Fines, a considerable part was cut, and many pieces (18d. and 9d.) very small.—The bag is of yellow colour, being part of a tillet or covering on fine cloth, and marked "Militia Fines." The above reward will be paid on receiving such information as will enable me to convict the villain or villains.
WILL. MORTON, P. M. 42d Regmt. K. M. Lexington, 5th May 1803.
FOR SALE,
A part, or the whole of that valuable tract of
MILITARY LAND,
lying three or four miles above the mouth of the Kentucky river, on the Ohio, in M'Cool's bottom.—Those who wish to purchase, will apply to me in Lexington.—Prompt payments will be expected.
JAMES FISHBACK.
BLUE DYING,
AT the sign of the Golden Boot and Shoe, next house to Stewart's printing office, Main-street. I will Dye Cotton, Linen and Wool, with a boiling hot dye, which I will warrant to stand, and will charge only 3s. a pound.
HUGH CRAWFORD, Boot & Shoe Maker. Lexington, April 30, 1803.
WILLIAM BERRY.
WISHES to inform the public that he is now erecting a
POWDER MILL
On the south fork of Elk-horn, five miles from Lexington, where he intends to sell by wholesale at two shillings per pound, and by retail at three shillings. He will give Cash for Salt Petre.
Robert Allen Esq. returned that WILLIAM BARRET, living in Green county, two miles from Greensburg, hath taken up a
GREY MARE,
five years old next spring, about four feet seven inches high, supposed to be branded but not perceivable what it is; appraised to forty-five dollars, this 7th day of January, 1803.
Copy. Tette. JAMES ALLEN, C.G.C.C.
March 12, 1802.
TAKEN up by Alexander M c Murry, living in Garrard county, near the mouth of Jessamine, a sorrel MARE, about 14 hands high, nine years old, three white feet, a blaze face, one eye out, no brand perceivable; posted and appraised to thirty-five dollars.
* SAML. RENCHARD j. p.
Harrison County, to wit:
May 9th, 1803.
TAKEN up by William E. Boswell Esq. living on Silas run, a red roan MARE, three years old this spring, about 14 hands high, no brands perceivable; appraised to £15. Given under my hand &c.
WILLIAM STOWENS, J. P.
JOHN JORDAN JUN.
Has just received and is now opening, A large and well chosen assortment of MERCHANDIZE, Consisting of the following articles, viz.
Superfine, Fine & Common Cloths, Callimancoes, Swan-downs, Striped and plain Coatings, Rose and striped Blankets, Fancy and Constitution Cords, Velvets and Thicksets, Cambelts, Wildbores, Moreens, Jones's and Durants, Callimancoes, Bombazens and Bombazetts, Checks and Cotton Stripes, Jeans and Fultians, Boglepores, Plain, Clouded and Striped Nankeens, Ginghams, Dimities, Merailles Vesting, Mantuas, Luteirings, Taffeties, Senchews, Sattins and Pelongs, Persians, Chintzes and Calicoes, Cambricks, Cambrick, Jacconet, Lappet and Book Mullins, Do. do. do. do. Tambored do. Jacconet and Book Mullin Handkerchiefs. Do. Bordered Shawls, Bandanna, India, Pullicat, Romall & Barcelona Handkerchiefs, Silk Shawls, Cotton do. Cotton Romall Handkerchiefs Linen & Cotton Pocket Handkerchiefs, Coarse Mullins, Silk and Cotton Hose, Ribbands. Gloves, Laces and Edgings, Sewing Silk, Thread and Tapes, Turkey Red, Groceries, Stationary, Hardware, Cutlery and Saddlery, Queens and Glass wares, 6d. 8d. 1od. and 2od. Nails and Brads, Castings.
ALL of which they are determined to sell at the most reduced prices for CASH, COUNTRY LINEN or HEMP.
N. B. Those indebted to JOHN JORDAN JUN. & Co. or JOHN JORDAN JUN. either by bond, note or book account, are requested to come and pay off the same, as 'tis not reasonable further indulgence should be given.
July 1st, 1802.
MACBEAN & POYZLER,
Have just received and are now opening, an assortment of
MERCHANDIZE,
Among which are, Morocco and Fancy Kid Skins, Boot Legs, Morocco and Kid Slippers, Cotton and Wool Cards, &c. &c. A few Engravings in elegant frames, of the President, Gen. Washington, &c.
Also, a quantity of Roram and Fur Hats, assorted in cases, to sell for produce.
The above articles they will sell on the lowest terms for Cash, Ginseng, Hemp, Tobacco and Bees-Wax.
Lexington, 28th March, 1803.
THE Subscriber intending to quit the Salt Making business on the first day of May next, requests all persons to whom he is indebted, payable in salt, or otherwise, to come forward before that time for payment.—And those indebted to him are requested to come forward and make a settlement of their accounts, on or before said time, by doing of which they will oblige their friend and servant.
CHS. BEELER.
Mann's Lick, Beech Springs, March 6th, 1803.
FOR SALE,
SEVERAL Tracts of LAND, to the amount of 12,000 acres, situate on the waters of the South Fork of Licking, in Harrison and Pendleton counties; the subscriber located and directed the surveys of the above Land, and believes the titles are sure. There are Small Farms opened on some of the land by tenants. Likely Horses, Mares or Colts, will be received in four annual payments if required, and the land divided to suit the purchaser. Apply to the subscriber, living on Gray's run, in Harrison county, who will show the land.
*6w SAML. M c MILLIN.
FERRY & TAVERN.
JAMES CHAMBERS, WISHES to inform the public, that he now occupies the house and ferry formerly occupied by Benjamin Sutton, at Limestone, Kentucky—and having repaired the house, and made other necessary arrangements for the accomodation of travellers, he hopes by a constant attention to their ease and convenience, and to the ferry particularly, (it being the most convenient of any in the place, for travellers from Kentucky to the Eastward to cross at) to merit the patronage of such as may think proper to favor him with a call. He has a large and convenient stable, to which the strictest attention will be paid.—And for the convenience of travellers, he has prepared a list of the different stages from Limestone to Wheeling, which may be had on application.
March 24, 1803.
FOR SALE
For Cash, or on Credit,
2000 Acres of LAND,
Situate, lying and being in the county of Bourbon, in the forks of Brush creek and Hinkton near Millerburg, entered on a military warrant early in 1780, surveyed and patented in the name of Joseph Chew, and by said Chew, conveyed in trust to Robert and John Watts, of the city of New-York. The good quality and convenient situation of this tract of Land is so generally known, that a particular description would be unnecessary, as it is presumed those inclined to purchase will examine it. It will be divided if required.
The subscriber will sell it at private sale, and if not disposed of sooner, it will be offered publicly at the Paris District court in March next, where the title papers by application may be seen, and due attendance will be given by
H. TAYLOR, Attorney for Robt. & John Watts. 30th Oct. 1802.
Fayette County, Kentucky,
At a meeting of the board of Commissioners appointed to perpetuate testimony, on the 29th day of March 1803,
RESOLVED, That the stated meetings of this board shall be on the first Monday in every month, commencing on the first Monday in May, and ending in October; and that they will adjourn from day to day at each meeting, until the business before them is finished—and that notice thereof be given in the public News-Paper.
Teste LEVI TODD, C.B.C.
AT a meeting of the President and Directors of the Kentucky Insurance Company;—
Resolved, that the board will meet at 6 o'clock on every Tuesday evening, to make discounts. Notes must be left before 5 o'clock, inclosed in a letter addressed to the President and Directors. An answer to applications will be given on the following morning.
Resolved, that the board of Directors will not discount or receive any notes, unless the words "Negotiable at the office of the Kentucky Insurance Company," be inserted in the body of the note.
Notes at a longer date than sixty days, cannot be discounted. By order of the board. W. MACBEAN, Clk.
Knox County, April Terms, 1803.
John Farris, Complainant,
vs. Robert Campbell, surviving partner of the late firm of Hicks & Campbell, and the heirs and representatives of James Hicks deceased, late partner in the firm of Hicks & Campbell, and John Ballin Defendants,
IN CHANCERY.
THE defendant Robert Campbell, and the heirs and representatives of James Hick deceased, not having entered their appearance herein according to law, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of the commonwealth of Kentucky—on the motion of the complainant, by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendants do appear here on the first day of our next July term of our said court, and answer the complainant's bill—that a copy of this order be published forthwith in the Kentucky Gazette for two months successively, posted up on the front door of the court house of this county, and published some Sunday immediately after Divine service, at the Presbyterian meeting house near Standford. (A copy.) Attest Richard Ballinger, C.K.C.Q.S.P.T.
FIRST QUALITY LETTER PAPER,
For sale at this Office.
THE HALCYON EPISTLE,
For sale at this Office.
CHEAP GOODS.
THE SUBSCRIBERS HAVE just received a handsome additional assortment of MERCHANDIZE, Which will be sold unusually low for CASH. They keep a constant supply of Bar Iron, Steel, Cut and Hammered Nails, Sprigs, Mann's lick Salt, &c. &c. &c. MACCOUN & TILFORD. Lexington, April 12th, 1803.
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE.
700 acres Military Land, lying on Brush creek, N. W. T. where the road crosses from Limestone to Chillicothe; this tract contains about three hundred acres of rich bottom, the remainder is well timbered; has on it a good mill seat, and is an excellent stand for a public house.
500 acres ditto ditto, lying on Clover Lick creek, a branch of the East fork of the Little Miami, N. W. T. in a good neighborhood, about three miles from Duhams-Town, seven from Williamsburg, and eleven to twelve from the Ohio river.
1000 acres ditto ditto, lying on Brush creek, a few miles from New Market, N. W. T.
5000 acres, lying on Bank Lick creek, Kentucky, part of two tracts, containing 6000 acres, surveyed and patented for William Jones.
4000 acres, Clarke county, Kentucky, part of a tract of eight thousand acres, surveyed and patented for Richard Chinneforth.
3332 2-3 acres, Mason county, Kentucky, part of 5000 acres, surveyed and patented for George Underwood.
1200 acres, Mason county, Kentucky, surveyed and patented for Moody and M c Millin.
1000 acres Military land, on the waters of Russell's creek, Green river.
325 acres, Jefferson county, Kentucky, about four miles from Louisville, 40 acres of this tract is cleared.
116 1-2 acres, Franklin county, Kentucky, on the North fork of Elk-horn, about six miles from Frankfort; on this tract are considerable improvements.
A House and well-improved Lot in the town of Paris, on Main street, and adjoining Mr. Hughes's tavern.
An Inn and well Lot in said town.
Also a House and well improved Lot in this place.
The above described property will be sold low for CASH, HEMP and TOBACCO or on giving bond with good security, a considerable credit may be had.—For further particulars enquire of the subscribers.
JOHN JORDAN JUN. JOHN A. SEITZ. Lexington, Kentucky, January 14th, 1803.
THE AUTHOR of the KENTUCKY ENGLISH GRAMMAR, presents his most grateful acknowledgements to his friends and the public in general, for the notice which they have been pleased to take of his humble attempt to facilitate the grammatical instruction of youth, and hopes for a continuance of their patronage to a second edition, which he has just published with considerable improvements, in conformity to the original plan.
Those who wish to procure copies of the new edition, may be supplied at this Office, at Mr. Leavy's, and Mr. Jordan's stores in Lexington.
LOST,
ON the 20th ultimo, in the town of Frankfort, or on the road leading from that place to Lexington,
A SMALL BUNDLE,
containing three Audited Warrants on the Treasurer, several Militia Certificates for services performed as guards &c. on the frontiers, two of which were audited; a receipt given by the Auditor for the first instalment on a Green river Head-right of 200 acres, and several other papers which are not recollected. One of the warrants was issued in favor of Austin Hubbard, for Twenty-one Dollars, in part for his services as a representative, the other two and the certificates I cannot precisely describe. Any person delivering the above mentioned papers to me, or giving such information that I can get them again shall be well rewarded.
JAMES COLEMAN Jun. Lexington, May 2d, 1803.
UNION & DISCIPLINE
Of the
HALCYON CHURCH,
For sale at this Office.
JUST PUBLISHED
A LETTER TO A FRIEND,
Defending the important doctrine of the
TRINITY,
For sale at this Office.
BLANKS of various kinds
for sale at this office.
WILLIAM WEST,
Has received, and is now opening for sale, in the store formerly occupied by Mr. Robt. Barr, a well chosen assortment of Dry Goods and Stationary, Glass and Queen's ware, Iron Mongery and Hard Ware. A handsome assortment of Saddlery.
In his assortment of Merchandize, are the following articles, viz.
Imperial, Young Hyson, Hyson, Hyson Skin and Bobea } TEAS, FRESH.
French Brandy, Old Jamaica Spirits & Acid, Madeira, Sherry, and Old Teneuife } WINES.
Loaf Sugar, Coffee, Rice, Chocolate, Raisins, Almonds, Pepper, Ginger, Allspice, Mustard, Mace and Cloves, Brimstone, Copperas, Allum, Indigo, Madder and Logwood.
FISH, Salmon, Shad, and Herrings.
Anvils, Vices, Steel, Bell-metal Skill-lets, Spades and Shovels,
Tow, Cotton and Wool Cards
Gun Locks and Cutting Knives, English and Dutch Scythes,
Brushes of various kinds, Nankeens,
Men's Black and White Silk Stockings, Women's Silk do.
Large and Elegant White Cotton Counterpanes,
With many articles not here enumerated.
They have been selected with care, and will be sold on as low terms as any in this town, for Cash, Whiskey, Hemp, Country made Linen, or such articles of Produce as may suit him.
The subscriber to enable him to sell cheap, has determined not to give credit on any terms.
B. S. A few pieces of the best London Superfine Cloths.
Also For Sale for Cash or Barter, (By Wholesale.)
A quantity of MERCHANDIZE, consisting chiefly of the following articles,
Fine, Tamboured, Figured & Book Mullins, Ginghams, an elegant assortment of Buttons, Muffs, Furr Trimmings, a few pieces Fine Cloth, Casimere & Swansdown—Mersailles Jacketing, Womens' and Childrens' Hats, &c. &c.
WILLIAM WEST.
MONTEZUMA,
A Fine Large
JACK ASS,
WILL stand at my farm, one and a half miles from Lexington, and will be let to mares at 10 dollars the season, payable in Cash or Hemp, delivered in Lexington.—Or any person or persons putting five mares by the season may discharge the same by one mule colt, (in good order, coming from a mare 15 hands high) delivered at five or six months old. The season to commence the 20th April, and end the 20th October.
MONTEZUMA is about three and a half years old, near or quite 13 hands high, and is of the large breed in Mexico. He was travelled when two years old 1000 miles to Natchez, and from thence to this state, which no doubt has been prejudicial to his growth.
Mules are produced in Mexico to 14 1-2 hands in height, from this strain or breed of jacks, and small mares, running at large in the woods without grain. They will sell in the Southern states for more money than large draught horses, and when shipped to the West Indies, are sold at double that value. They can be raised as cheap as a steer, and travelled to South Carolina, or Georgia, for 50 dollar expense for twenty that a horse can. There is much less danger from distempers. Kentucky has no competition in mule raising it from the New-England states; and there they are not raised to any size, the climate being too cold, and all authors assert, that the flourishes best in moderate climates. The rage for breeding horse here, will reduce the price of any market, which can't be done in mules for a century, as the West India market has never yet been fully supplied.
ROBERT BARR.
April 15th, 1803. * * A fabulous report prevails that mules will not breed from the horse, after mules—authors contradict the report—and any person may see a mare on my farm now with foal of her eighth colt, after having bred a mule.