Berkeley and Jefferson intelligencer (Martinsburg, Va.), 1803-08-05 00:00:00

Berkeley and Jefferson Intelligencer.
(No. 19 OF VOLUME V.)
FRIDAY, August 5, 1803.
[WHOLE No. 227.]
Subscriptions are received by J. Alburtis, for a NEW AND PRACTICAL WORK.
A PROPOSAL. By WILLIAM Y. BIRCH, & ABRAHAM SMALL.
Of the City of Philadelphia, For Publishing, in Volumes, by Subscription,
That Useful and Valuable Work, THE Domestic Encyclopædia, OR, A Dictionary of Facts and Useful Knowledge.
COMPREHENDING, A concise view of the latest Discoveries, Inventions, and Improvements, Chiefly applicable to Rural and Domestic Economy.
TOGETHER WITH Descriptions of the most Interesting Objects of Nature and Art. . . . The History of Men and Animals, in a state of Health or Disease. . . . and Practical Hints respecting the Arts and Manufactures, both Familiar and Commercial.
Illustrated with numerous Engravings and Cuts.
BY A. F. M. WILLICH, M. D. AUTHOR OF THE LECTURES ON DIET AND REGIMEN, &c. &c.
FIRST AMERICAN EDITION, With Additions, applicable to the present situation of the United States, BY JAMES MEASE, M. D. Fellow of the American Philosophical Society; and Corresponding Member of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester.
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AS the practical tendency of the work here announced, must be evident, its peculiar nature scarcely requires further explanation.
When we consider the natural condition of man, the object of all his pursuits becomes at once manifest and defined. To live with satisfaction to himself and others—to procure as many comforts of life as are consistent with his mental and bodily constitution—and to avert impending danger—or, in other words to preserve himself from the injurious attacks of external agents, are nearly the whole of what relates to the practical part of human life. The present work being exclusively devoted to the departments of health and general economy, no subject could with propriety be introduced, which had a reference to ethics or morals, to metaphysics, or the abstract and professional sciences.
In order to unite conciseness with general utility, the theoretical or speculative part of every invention, discovery, or improvement, forms but a small portion of the Domestic Encyclopædia—because the rationale, or elementary principles are only inserted in those instances where the subject cannot be sufficiently understood without them. . . . And as the alphabetical form possesses many advantages over the systematic division and subdivision of articles, it has, in the present case, been preferred, as more eligible for a popular work.
It will be easily conceived, that the subjects treated of in this collection must be numerous and important; inasmuch as the economical sciences are intimately connected with natural and experimental philosophy, including the knowledge of useful animals, plants, and minerals; chemistry, agriculture, gardening, hunting, the cultivation of trees, rearing of cattle, fishing, &c. To enable, however, the reader to judge of the method by which subjects apparently intricate and abstruse, are reduced to the level of ordinary capacities, the following heads will furnish an outline of the economical dictionary.
1. A concise historical account of the subject under consideration, or the manner in which it is most advantageously produced, either by nature or art. . . . for instance, fuel, candles, hats, shoes, wine, yarn, &c.
2. The most judicious and economical mode of applying every substance to useful purposes.
3. All the newly discovered methods of defending the objects of domestic and rural economy, from the effects of air, heat, and cold, the changes of climate, seasons, and other contingent causes; likewise, the most effectual way of preserving particular substances, such as seeds, roots, plants, &c. from the depredations of insects, reptiles, and other animals.
4. An explanation of the general effects which every article of food and drink, as well as all external and contingent causes, produce on the health of the body; together with the most approved rules and directions for its preservation.
5. As the list of human afflictions contain many and obstinate diseases such as cancers, consumption, epilepsy, gout, palsy, white-swelling, &c. which have hitherto been for the most part considered as incurable, a concise and faithful account of the latest and most plausible remedies, or methods of treatment, is given.
From the foregoing account, it must be obvious to all, that the nature of the Domestic Encyclopædia, is peculiarly adapted to the present wants of the United States. Perhaps it contains a greater number of useful facts than have ever appeared in the compass of four moderate volumes. No pains, trouble, or expense, appear to have been spared to render this economical dictionary as complete as the present advancement of agriculture, gardening, of the familiar arts and manufactures, as well as the imperfect state of medical science, would respectively admit. It includes almost every object more or less connected with rural, domestic, and animal economy. Hence the reader will find numerous experiments related, many hundreds of which have not before been published in the English language.
With regard to the additions, the editor will observe, that no exertions shall be wanting on his part, to render them as useful as possible, to the people of this country. . . . As no other diseases but those enumerated in article five, are introduced in the original work, and as it is peculiarly adapted to the situation of persons in the country, remote from medical aid, it has been deemed necessary in the present edition to detail the most approved methods of guarding against the attack of diseases, commonly prevalent in the United States, of curing them when actually present, and of treating the various accidents to which agricultural people are liable. There shall also be given, as full an account of all the poisonous plants growing in the United States, as can be obtained.
Care shall be taken to detail all the discoveries which have been made in the United States. . . . These will be found to be more numerous than is generally imagined. . . . Many machines for diminishing labor, and which are peculiar to this country shall be described and illustrated by plates.
The VETERINARY SCIENCE comprehending the application of the principles of medicine, to the preservation of the health of domestic animals, and the cure of their diseases, shall also claim a due degree of attention. . . . That destructive and native disease, the yellow water of horses, shall be described, and a successful method of cure pointed out.
Lastly, the object of the work being to supply families with a compact guide, in all economical affairs, every useful fact in rural and domestic economy, omitted by Dr. Willich, and which may be known to the editor, shall be inserted; and in order to take advantage of progressing improvements, arrangements have been made to have all the periodical works on the above subjects, forwarded as soon as published in England or France.
The editor will thankfully receive any communications which may tend to improve the work, and he begs leave respectfully to solicit them.
The Publishers have but little to add for themselves; knowing that professions generally are, and, perhaps, ought to be, in a great measure, unavailing, they refer the Public to the books they have already published. They have given to the world two Editions of Dr. Russell's Modern Europe, within the three last years: the manner, therefore, in which they execute their undertakings
can be ascertained. . . . In the present work, if they do not advance much, they pledge themselves not to degenerate. It shall be printed in the first style of uniformity and taste. The paper shall be superior—and the engravings at least equal to those in the London copy.
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MEMORIAL
ON THIS QUESTION, WHETHER IT BE ADVANTAGEOUS FOR FRANCE TO TAKE POSSESSION OF LOUISIANA. ?
Presented to the French Government by Mr. Livingston, the American Minister at Paris.
[Translated for the N. England Palladium, by Mr. Nancrède of Boston.]
[Concluded.]
IF there be a situation in the world which may be attended with these consequences, it certainly is that of France, when she is in possession of New-Orleans. It is situated in such a manner as to block up the great passage towards the seas from a great number of states, and a very extensive population which increases rapidly.
A military government is about to be established on the Island. The general, proud, with reason, of the glory of his nation, will cast on every thing that surrounds him a look of superiority; commerce will be degraded; and merchants, subject to the despotism of men who will seek in the laying up of riches, recompense for their privations in the remote and insalubrious country whither they are sent. The colony presents no lawful means of growing rich, except those slow and progressive of commerce and agriculture, ill-calculated wealth for soldiers. However vigilant the mother country, she will not prevent at that distance, the vexations which may be exercised. On the other hand, the government of the United States will not be able, in a thousand instances, to restrain the petulance of the near inhabitants bordering on the limits of the Mississippi, to confine their vengeance wholly, and compel them to expect from diplomatic representation a slow justice. Hatred will take place between the two people; the bonds of friendship will be destroyed; and the government of the United States which ever shares the sentiment of the people, will be forced, by its situation, to alter its political relations. Then, for the sake of guarding themselves against their old ally, for a pretended act of hostility, they will form a cautionary connexion with England, which will be sedulous in obtaining her alliance, and will excite her resentment against France; because in that alliance she will see the means of preserving her commerce with America, which she now possesses almost exclusively, securing her colonies to be able, in case of war, to invade the French colonies, and especially of preventing the union of the commerce and navy of France and the United States, upon which alone France can engraft her naval superiority.
It may be asked, why those jealousies which I seem so much to dread for France, have not taken place for England in possession of Canada? First, because
Great Britain has prudently separated her territory by a natural limit which prevents the contact between the two nations. While she occupied the western posts, the United States saw her with jealousy, and it is beyond doubt that hostilities and a national hatred would have been the consequence when the increase of American population in that part had taken place; when those forts were given up, numerous symptoms had already manifested themselves.
Secondly, because the usual road of the exports from the United States being made through their own rivers, there is no important communication between them and Canada.
But it is chiefly because Upper Canada is inhabited by American emigrants, who in case of a rupture, would join, according to all appearances, to the United States, had not the spirit of their government been to prevent the extending of their limits.
But after all, what political or commercial advantage can France receive from the possession of New-Orleans, and of the east bank of the Mississippi, that may balance the loss, which in these two points of view, she will sustain in the rivalry with the United States? The Floridas are a narrow strip of barren land, incapable of defence, in case of rupture, and which cost more than it is worth to guard, garrison, and presents to the Indian tribes. However advantageous New-Orleans might be for the United States, it will be of very inconsiderable value to France, when the foreign capitals shall be taken from it, or a rival city shall be established on the American side. From the best information, I find that one third of the best commercial houses employed in New-Orleans are American. No sooner will a military government be established in the country than all these commercial houses, with the capitals which support them, will pass into the United States, to that place assigned them by the treaty with Spain, or to the Natchez, where every vessel which may go to New-Orleans may be received. Large vessels from France have already arrived there, and unloaded their cargoes without difficulty, and as the soil is so much the more advantageous as we penetrate further, there is very little doubt this establishment will soon rival that of New-Orleans, when the American capitals shall have been taken out of it. When the United States shall have declared the Natchez a free port, New-Orleans will be very little as a place of commerce, and only an object of useless expense to France, and an inexhaustible source of jealousy between France and the United States.
The cession of Louisiana is nevertheless very important to France, if she applies it to the only use which sound policy seems to dictate. I speak of Louisiana alone, and by this I do not mean to comprehend the Floridas, because I think they are no part of the cession. As it can, by this cession, acquire the right of carrying on the Mississippi, a free trade, if she knows how to profit of this circumstance, by a perfect understanding with the United States, she will find markets for a great variety of articles, when she has accustomed the inhabitants of the western countries to prefer them to the English, which she can only obtain by selling them cheaper, and she can only sell them cheaper by interesting the American merchants to sell them, to have the use of their capitals, and by engaging the government of the United States to give them the preference. All this can only take place by the cession of New-Orleans to the United States, with the reserve of the right of entry, at all times, free from all other duties than those paid by American vessels, together with the right of navigation on the Mississippi. This would give her vessels an advantage over the vessels of all other nations, will retain and even increase the capitals of New-Orleans, where the provisions for the Islands will be bought at the cheapest rate possible, and where the articles of her manufactures will be introduced in the western countries: the United States will have no interest in preventing it, for every reason of rivalry will be removed. Then France will command respect without inspiring fear to the two nations whose friendship is the most important for her

commerce and the preservation of her Islands; and all these advantages will be obtained without the expense of establishments, which ruin the public treasury and divert the capitals from their true object.
But if, on the one side, France keeps New-Orleans, attempting to colonize Louisiana, she will become an object of jealousy to Spain, the United States, and England, which powers will not only discourage her commerce, but will compel her to make expensive establishments to secure the possession of it.
In the foregoing observations I have confined myself to observations which presented themselves, without having recourse to subtleties which only serve to mislead the judgement. I have exposed simple facts with candor and with all the simplicity of language. If a reply is made, it will be by pursuing a contrary course. With eloquence and sophistry they may be combated and obscured;—time and experience will demonstrate their solidity.
Mr. Livingston's Memorial. —This evening we conclude the Memorial which has been said by some of the Chancellor's friends, to have had a preponderating influence in inducing the French Court to accede to our views in the purchase of Louisiana. How far this memorial, drawn up and presented to Bonaparte some months ago, and a copy of which we are informed, has been in this city some six or eight weeks since, could have had a decisive operation on his mind, may be a matter of speculation. We have received some private letters on this subject which would go far to elucidate the point, were it supposed to be very material at this time to have it settled. Dismissing all conjectures of this sort, we shall bestow a few remarks on the Memorial itself.
In the first place, it would seem, if Mr. Livingston's judgment and information may be relied on, the acquisition of Louisiana is really of very questionable value, to say the best. He says, the cultivation of "this hot and unsalubrious climate is to be carried on by slaves;" of course then, the slave trade is to be forever supported and encouraged by our Government. Let the friends of humanity reflect upon this. But he goes on to prove that the labor of these slaves will not, after all, produce any profit to their employers, at least for many years—"On their arrival at Louisiana, (says he) the slaves will be employed in the barren occupation of felling the large forests with which this immense country is covered, a labor but little suited to slaves, for it requires being long accustomed to the axe, and force and activity are seldom found in slaves, they must be clothed, fed and maintained during whole years before any profit can be derived from them." "Who then, (he asks) will cultivate Louisiana with slaves?" Here, first Louisiana can only be cultivated by slaves;—next, a question is put implying that it can never be so cultivated. We confess we do not very well comprehend what the Honorable Chancellor would now be at. In the course of the Memorial he asserts that "the pains, expenses, and loss of men, which are inseparable from new settlements in a marshy country and a burning climate; the invasion of Indians; the insurrection of slaves; &c. &c. all these inconveniences united, are enough to stop an undertaking and ruin a settlement." If such be the true estimation in which Louisiana is to be held, we repeat it, we are yet to learn how it becomes such an immense acquisition, as, that FIFTEEN MILLIONS OF DOLLARS is to be deemed a cheap purchase.
In a spirit of candor, however, we are compelled to admit that we do not think that this is exactly the true light in which we are to view Louisiana; it shall not be denied by us that it is a valuable territory and that of its acquisition with that of the island of New-Orleans, is of primary importance to the United States. We are, therefore, charitably disposed to believe that the Honorable Chancellor when he drew up this memorial which is to stamp immortality on his name, humbly consented, for the time being, to turn the dignified character of American Minister at Paris into that of a petty chaperon, and by taking advantage of the ignorance of the First Consul and of all his court, to beat him down in the price.—Should he then have been rebuffed with the unexpected reply of "Sir this might do with petty provinces, but a Great Nation never commutes its territory for pelf;" should such have been the answer originally given, we think it ought not to occasion much surprise in the American reader; nor on the other hand, should the First Consul afterwards have found his situation and circumstances so essen-
tially changed with regard to Europe, as to have made it his policy to listen to the proposals which he had first spurned at, can he think the memorialist would thereby become entitled to a wreath of never-fading laurels, for his extraordinary diplomatic talents?
Having disposed of the commercial part of this far-famed memorial, we shall finish with a few remarks on its political sentiments. "Woolen articles and hardware (says he) are the only articles which America receives from England; but France shall furnish not only all these, but her agriculture will gain by the sale of her wines, brandies, and oils. Those advantages (adds he) that is, the sale of wine, brandy and oil, have exhibited France as the natural ally of the United States, to the eye of those who have considered, in the extent of her power, a new pledge of the security of their commerce and their future tranquility." As we have to confess our ignorance of what is meant by one nation's being the natural ally of another, we cannot undertake to say, but that such an alliance, if it really exists, may as well be produced by the sale of French brandy as by any other means, and therefore, for the present, we let this pass. But who those patriots can be, who consider the American commerce and tranquility as depending on the security furnished us by the extensive power of France, we know not; for ourselves, we should be among the last to place any great reliance on such a source of security as this. It is true, France might be willing to protect us, and do us the special favour of devouring us at last. However, it is about as much as they are equal to, to protect themselves. This abject flattery might possibly have been expected during the first days of the French revolution, but now, at this time of day, when the hey-day of Gallo-American phrensy has principally subsided, to find it now in the official document of a public minister, argues nothing less than a mind radically defective and diseased.
Of the same nature is the expression afterwards made use of; "Two people formed to assist one another." If we are formed to assist France, and bound to aid her in all her difficulties and embark in all her quarrels, as the loving democrats once contended for, we suppose Mr. Jefferson, when he told us that it was one of "the essential principles of our Government" to have "entangling alliances" with no nation, he must have intended an exception in favor of France; and indeed, if she is our ally by nature , as the Chancellor has it, this must naturally be expected of us. But here we beg permission to oppose to this notion of Mr. Chancellor Livingston's that France is our natural ally , the language of one whom no democrat we feel assured, after what has lately happened at their public festivals, will dare to attack, and whom every federalist is proud to remember was once our Chief. It is a letter from General Washington to the Chiefs of the Six Nations, dated in 1752, and is found in the American Magazine printed at Philadelphia fifty years ago—
"BRETHREN, "We are glad to see you, and are sorry that such reports disquiet you. The English do not intend to hurt you, or any of your allies. This news, we know, must have been forged by the FRENCH, who are constantly treacherous, asserting the greatest falsehoods whenever they think they will turn out to their advantage. They speak, and promise fine things, but all from the lips outward, whilst their heart is corrupted and full of venomous poison. The English, your real friends, are too generous to think of using their allies in this manner."
And this mention of the venerable Washington, suggests another prominent sentiment, which he has been at great pains to inculcate in his affectionate farewell Address to the people of the United States. "Excessive partiality (says he) for one foreign nation, and excessive dislike of another, cause those whom they actuate to see the danger only on one side, and serve to veil and even to second the arts of influence on the other." "The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign nations, is in extending our commercial relations; to have with them as little political connection as possible ." "It must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves by artificial ties, in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendship or enmities. our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course." 'Tis our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world." "Constantly keeping it in view, that it is a folly in one nation to look for disinterested
favours from another ; that it must pay with a portion of its independence for whatever it may accept under that character; that by such acceptance, it may place itself in the condition of having given an equivalent for nominal favors, and yet of being reproached with ingratitude for not giving more. There can be no greater error than to expect or calculate upon real favors from nation to nation . 'Tis an illusion which experience must cure; which a just pride ought to discard."
Thus spoke the sage Washington in the last address he ever penned—an address breathing genuine patriotism in every line, fraught with good sense, and dictated by the most earnest solicitude, in "the purest of all possible hearts," for our welfare, an address containing "the counsels of an old and affectionate friend," to which he flattered himself, his countrymen would "now and then recur to moderate the fury of party spirit, to warn against the mischiefs of foreign intrigue, and to guard against the impostures of pretended patriotism." But the American minister at Paris holds a very different language—According to him we have a permanent alliance with France, for it is formed by nature herself ; there is "no point of collision between" us; we are "two people formed [expressly] to assist each other." From France we are to look for the most "disinterested favors," and are, of course, to loose no opportunities to confer "disinterested favors" on her in return.
Had Mr. Livingston stopped even here, though it would have evinced that "excessive partiality" to France, against which Washington so strongly cautions us it would have been less objectionable, on the score of prudence and propriety, than the "excessive dislike" which he afterwards betrays towards England.
"I am incapable (says the Chancellor) of conceiving the ridiculous idea of threatening a government which has seen all Europe bend the knee before its power ." It can hardly be supposed this is very pallatable to Russia or Prussia, or calculated to call forth the good will of England towards us. But this is not all. "I have observed (he proceeds) that France and the United States are in a respective situation, so fortunate as to have no point of collision. They may assist, without being tempted to hurt one another. This commerce is useful to both nations, this union of sentiments and interests rests upon principles which ought to form the maritime code and deliver the Universe from the Tyranny founded by Great Britain, which she maintains, and which never will be combated with success, until the other powers, by uniting, will abridge her means, by transferring to nations more moderate a part of her commerce," &c. On this extract we do not choose to say all it suggests; but we ask Mr. Livingston and his friends, what would be their emotions, what the embarrassment of the Executive, should Great Britain demand of the American Government, as of right she may, to avow or disavow this sentiment of our public minister?
We can observe to these gentlemen, that, however this may be winked at, at this day, it would have been attended with serious consequences, did the great Chatham preside over the British councils. That illustrious statesman, whom "modern degeneracy never reached," was too strongly impressed with the just importance of national character, to permit the smallest instance of insult pass by without demanding and receiving adequate satisfaction. As to the known temper of our government, however, to bear patiently with indignities from every other nation, it may have been thought by the Ambassador that we ought to indemnify our pride in some small measure, by treating others with indignity in return. We shall only observe, therefore, that it may be as well for us to borrow a little of Lord Chesterfield's prudence when he kicked the poltroon, and take care whom we kick .
On the whole, although Mr. Livingston in the conclusion of his paper, thinks that "time and experience will demonstrate the solidity of his remarks" and doubtless indulges the notion that his talents will be respected by posterity , we cannot think this Memorial is calculated to add to his fame on the score of abilities, good sense or discretion.
To conclude in a few words these remarks, already extended to an unforeseen length, we shall say, that though the purchase of Louisiana and New-Orleans, should turn out to be rather a costly one, yet, on a great national scale we are inclined to think well of it. Two things are, however, certain; one, that it might have been had for one tenth of the money which report says we are to
pay for it, more than fifteen millions of dollars , for Commodore Truxton with a Tender and one hundred men would with ease have taken New-Orleans in the state in which it was; and secondly, that the purchase at this time has been solely owing to the bursting out of war between France and England, which rendered it necessary for France to part with it, to prevent its falling into the hands of her enemy, who had already an expedition in forwardness to seize it.
On the separate merits of Mess. Jefferson, Munroe and Livingston, who each seems to think himself entitled exclusively to the honor of having effected this important purchase, we take the liberty of expressing ourselves in the form of an Epigram:
Our Livingston declares Munroe Had no assistance yielded; Munroe, again, says Livingston Not more had done than he did.
No credit either to Munroe Or Livingston is due, Says Jefferson; say they in turn, "No credit's due to you."
Poh, poh, says Truth, why make you such a pother? You all are right, 'twas neither one nor 'other.
[New-York Herald.]
LATEST FOREIGN NEWS.
LONDON, May 21.
The works in the harbour of Boulogne are carrying on unceasingly, night and day. The men work by torchlight.
Accounts from Jersey, of the 25th inst. state, that two French transport, full of troops have been captured by our cruisers in La Baye D'Augueme—their destination is not mentioned. These accounts add, that great bustle prevailed at St. Malo, fitting out privateers.
The account transmitted a few day ago from Plymouth of so many of our artificers and seamen being employed at Brest, if true, is of the most melancholy and alarming nature. It would certainly be becoming in parliament to investigate the original cause of this national misfortune.
May 28.
The proceeding last night in the house of commons, were particularly interesting and important. Mr. Fox made his promised motion for an address to his Majesty, to avail himself of the proffered mediation of Russia to settle the differences between this country and France; and in the course of the discussion which ensued, Lord Hawkesbury candidly stated the readiness of his Majesty's ministers to explain their views to the court of St. Petersburg, and readily to accept the mediation of that power. But his lordship repeated what he had mentioned before, that no direct or precise offer of mediation had been offered on the part of Russia; it was merely of the slightest species of assurance of mediation. It was however, admitted, that meanwhile, the contest into which we have again been obliged to enter should be prosecuted with vigour, until views of mediation shall have been realized; and in consequence of Lord Hawkesbury's candid statement Mr. Fox withdrew his motion.
Private letters from the Hague, say—"The French army assembling near Nimèguen, has for its ostensible destination the Electorate of Hanover, but it is a curious fact, that this army is encamped upon the same ground, where in 1668, the then Prince of Orange, afterwards king William III. under pretence of interfering in the dispute then subsisting between Prince Clement of Bavaria and the Cardinal of Furstenberg, collected the army with which he in November in the same year invaded England. It is true, that the Prince of Orange had a fleet of 86 sail of men of war to escort his transports; but it is equally true, that the Corsican disposer of the lives and the liberties of Frenchmen, cares less about the loss of whole armies, than the Prince did for the safety of one single regiment.
Without any intent to alarm you I have heard from good authority, that "French emissaries have for some days been busy in taking an account of the numbers, the names and the tonnage of all vessels, even schuits, in our different harbours; and that they have in the same manner tried to procure the names and the number of our sailors," but in this they have been disappointed, as all our sailors are attached to the prince of Orange, and detest the French, and have therefore already begun to desert and to conceal themselves. Some official encouragement from England, at this peri-

od, might bring you over many of them. "I repeat again, that my intention is not to create alarm; but vigilance, vigour, activity, and unanimity, are absolutely necessary to counteract the designs of a man, who believes in no other Providence but Fortune, and who hitherto, ever in his most desperate enterprizes, has never ceased to be its favourite. Remember, that if one army should really attack Hanover, there are already in this country, in Brabant, and on the Rhine, upwards of 110,000 men, which are augmenting every day by fresh troops."
May 29.
We have seen letters from Hamburg, stating, that the Senate had made an application to the court of Berlin for its protection of property in that city, in the event of a French invasion. These letters add, that no answer had been returned. Bonaparte, in one of his gusts of passion declared his determination to exclude the British from all intercourse with the Continent, and, in order to do so, to occupy Hamburg, &c. Consistent with this plan, Portugal is to be seized, and annexed to the Spanish Monarchy if she refuses to shut her ports against us; and Naples is to form another Republic should she disobey the Consular Mandate for our exclusion. The recent march of numerous French troops into Italy, is supposed to have been combined with this project, the avowal of which has induced the Emperor to strengthen his Cordon on the Venetian frontiers.
Bonaparte has twice of late publicly spoken on the subject of his menaced invasion of this kingdom. England, and not Ireland, he has declared to be his object of attack, as success in the former would ensure the fall of the latter, the former might still resist and baffle his enterprize. He talks of sending his army hither in row-boats, during a calm, when our ships cannot act, a measure for which England is better situated than Ireland. That the First Consul is sufficiently enthusiastic to entertain such a project, is very credible; that he will be beaten should he attempt it, is very certain. Our fleet is active, enterprising, and vigilant, ensures us protection from the insult of invasion; but should it by any accident reach our shores, can any man be so lost to the proud and generous feelings of a Briton, or so ignorant of our internal power as to dread the issue.
Many captures have been made by our cruisers, &c. during the week, among the most important are a rich ship from Surinam, by lord Nelson; a valuable merchantman, by Sir S. Smith; another Surinam ship, by the Diamond; and a French East-Indian, by the Pigmy. The port of Brest is so closely blockaded, that no vessels can enter it. On Tuesday, five brigs making for the harbor were captured, when 3 of them proved to be laden with naval stores. Eighteen sail of the line are ordered to be prepared at Brest for service.
On Friday arrived at Portsmouth the Diomede, admiral sir R. Curtis, Jupiter, Brave, and Hindostan, from the Cape of Good Hope, together with the Suffolk, and Favourite, laden with stores from the same place. This squadron had the good fortune to capture the Re Union, a homeward bound East-Indian, burthen 800 tons, and valued at 100,000l. Several more might have been taken had they sooner known of the commencement of hostilities.
A French brig, called Le Vigilant, has been captured and sent into Falmouth, by the resolution. She is laden with sugar and coffee, being the whole produce of the island; and had been fifty five days on her passage.
Another attempt has been made by the French government to renew the negotiation. A new proposition was on Wednesday presented by the Dutch ambassador to lord Hawkesbury; but it was of so inadmissible a description, as to be instantly rejected.
Mr. Liston, our ambassador at the Hague, has not as was generally reported, been thrown into prison; but the consular decree was certainly extended to all the English in Holland. Mr. East, the messenger, has been arrested, and gen. Victor has ordered the crews of three English packets, and the agent of the packets at Helvoetsluys, to be thrown into prison. Dispatches, we understand, have been sent to Holland, to recall Mr. Liston. M. Schimmelpennick will of course depart immediately. His present situation must be extremely irksome. It is supposed that a message will tomorrow, be delivered to both houses of parliament from his majesty, announcing, that his majesty has ordered letters of marque and reprisal to be issued against the Dutch.
Spain may be expected to obey the commands of France; but Bonaparte will attempt to delay our hostilities against her for the purpose of enabling her to bring home her treasures and her galleries. His majesty's ministers, however, will see through this artifice, and we have no doubt will order all Spanish ships to be detained and sent into British ports. The rich Manila squadron put into Table Bay, As Sir Roger Curtis was leaving the Cape. It consists of a ship of the line and four frigates, all laden with bullion, to the amount, it is said, of FOUR MILLION STERLING. What riches in store for our gallant tars!
Our readers will recollect what surprise the Parisian journals affect to express, at the haste with which many of the English departed from Paris, while the late negotiations were going on, "as if the good faith of the French government were not sufficient security for their safety." With what indignation must they now hear that that same upright government, in contempt of the usages of all civilized nations, has issued a decree, ordering that all the English who are now in France shall be made prisoners of war.
Our port letters continue to announce to us the success of our tars.
The Hazard sloop of war, which was erroneously reported to have been taken, has brought an account of the capture of a French frigate. She was watching the motions of our channel fleet, when admiral Cornwallis willing no doubt that she should have a nearer view of it, sent a frigate after her. She fired a few guns and struck.
Our Dover letter mentions the capture of a fine French West-Indian, and that heavy firing was heard yesterday evening from the westward.
PARIS, May 21.
Telegraphic dispatch. The maritime prefect of Brest announces, under date this day, that two English frigates have taken two French ships in the bay of Audierne.
May 24. An arrete was this day communicated to the three assemblies.
After inserting our orders of council for laying an embargo on French and Dutch ships, and for issuing letters of marque and reprisal, and the maritime prefect's dispatch given above, it orders all French commanders to commence hostilities against English ships. It also orders as follows:
All English enrolled in the militia, and not less than 18 nor more than 60, or bearing his Britannic majesty's commission, who are now in France, shall be made prisoners of war, to answer for the citizens of the republic made prisoners by British ships or subjects before the declaration of war.
The arrete is followed by a reflection that we have committed hostilities without any declaration of war, and without any of the forms required by nations, following an odious principle of a public right set up for ourselves.
The Moniteur of the 24th attempts to prove, that we have mutilated or suppressed some important documents relative to the negotiation.
The legislative assemblies have, as was to be expected, echoed the sentiments of the government—they have thanked the first consul for his moderation.
The English at Paris have been commanded to appear within twenty-four hours before the commandant at that place. They were then to be sent to Fontainebleau.
Ten o'clock, P. M.—I this moment learnt that the Gannet sloop of war has arrived, and brought in with her the Dutch Bark Factor, captain Hopper, from Demarara, for Middleburgh, with sugar, cotton, &c. She captured her this moment in company with the Active cutter. The Gannet has also taken and sent for Mount's Bay, a French brig, from Martinique for Havre, and a Dutch ship from Demarara, which she sent for Plymouth.
BRIDGE-TOWN, (Bar.) July 9.
SURRENDER OF TOBAGO.
This important event has been just announced to the public by Royal Salutes from Pilgrim and Charles Fort, his Excellency Lord Seaforth having received official information of the same from Lt. Gen. Grinfield.
Extract of a letter from His Excellency Lieut. Gen. Grinfield to the Right Hon. Lord Seaforth, dated Centaur, Courland Bay, Tobago, July 3, 1803.
I HAVE again the satisfaction of addressing myself to you, and to announce to you the surrender of this Island by Capitulation, with no loss on our side, and very little on that of the F—.
Immediately on our landing on the 30th June, the two leading columns pushed into Mount Grace, in sight and within little more than two miles of Fort Scarborough; the Summons was then sent to the French General, who returned answer by offer of capitulation. The terms were finally settled about four in the morning of the first, and at eleven we took possession of Fort Scarborough, and the French, consisting, sailors and all, of 228, laid down their arms.
(Signed)
W. GRINFIELD.
Extract of a letter dated Head Quarters, Tobago, July 3, 1803.
WE embarked again the 24th, leaving the 68th and three companies of the 3d West India in garrison at St. Lucia. On the 25th we got under way, and saw Tobago on the morning of the 30th ult. A small fort near the Bay of Courland fired a few shots, but was soon silenced by the Venus frigate and a brig of war (the Port Mahon) which had just joined us. Possession was immediately taken of the fort by a party of seamen with cutlasses, who soon substituted the English Jack for the tricoloured flag. The French had only a corporal's party and eight men, one of whom was killed and two wounded. A landing was immediately effected without the smallest opposition, and the whole of the troops and stores were on shore by eight in the evening, when we advanced about four miles into the interior towards Port Scarborough, situated about eight miles from Courland, where we landed. A summons was sent as before, with an offer of reasonable conditions, which was accepted by General Berthier, and the articles of capitulation were signed at four o'clock in the morning of 1st July. At eleven we took quiet possession of the fort and island, the French garrison marching out with the honors of war, &c.
"We have established the Head Quarters at Mr. Balfour's, father-in-law of Col. Campbells, who is likewise here. We are joyfully received by all the inhabitants, who have suffered much from contributions, requisitions, &c. Here we are treated in a very hospitable manner, and live like princes. We expect to sail again on the 5th, on our return to Barbadoes. We have all suffered not a little from heat and fatigue, though continue in good health.
MARTINSBURG, August 5.
WASHINGTON.
"There is a history of this Man's life, figuring the nature of the Time deceas'd."
We are happy to announce, that the LIFE OF WASHINGTON, the materials for which have been collecting and arranging for upwards of three years, and which has excited in the highest degree the literary expectation of both hemispheres, is now so far matured and completed, that two of the volumes are ready for the press.—Judge MARSHALL is the biographer. It is said of Alexander, that he envied Achilles, only because he had a Homer for his historian. The present age may say, that it is to be regretted, that Homer had not a Washington for his hero. Future times will have none of these to envy or regret; they will exclaim, a Washington and a Marshall have lived for each other.
We understand, a short sketch of the settlement of America, including the most interesting events of its history, will be given in this work, as an essential preliminary to the introduction of the hero. The biographer in this respect eminently discovers himself a master of his subject. It may be emphatically said the Life of Washington is the History of his Country. We indulge ourselves in very sanguine anticipations of the merit of this production. The copy right has been purchased by Mr. C. P. Wayne, of Philadelphia, and Mr. J. Ormond of that city is now in this town collecting subscriptions for the work. His success has been highly liberal; and during the few days he will remain here, we feel a pride in asserting, the patronage of the public will not be sparingly exercised. The praise of this work mingles itself with the very fibres of an American. Can any one doubt that it will be neglected? The answer is—Ten thousand subscribers have already been obtained. The original subscription papers will be preserved in a bound volume, in the library of Philadelphia. There are yet some among us, who will be anxious to tell posterity that they lived in the age of Washington. Thus family pride will lend its enthusiasm to the sober annals of history. And what will this magnify, which had not "original greatness"? Even at this day, when time has not ren-
dered his glory venerable by the hoar of prescription, the rancour of party spirit, though it has poisoned all the charities of life, hath not corrupted the sentiment of homage, which his name instinctively inspires. We may say, with Rome, "the deeds of Coriolanus have not been feebly uttered."
[Boston Gazette.]
Washington City, July 29.
Dispatches from London arrived in Washington last Monday or Tuesday. They were immediately forwarded by express to the President now at Monticello. It is rumoured in the City, that they bring official notice from the British government, that they intend to take possession of New Orleans and Louisiana, and warning our government against paying the fifteen millions purchase money. It is wasting time to make comments on a report so vague and uncertain as the above, although it appears to have gained considerable credit. Should it be true our government will be involved in much perplexity.
A letter from an officer of the United States troops, at Michilimackinac, dated 14th May, says "The Indians in this quarter appear to be quite pacific, though there are reports in circulation which look as if something were brewing among them. We have had the severest winter ever known in this country. The thermometer has stood at 24 below 0. To give you an idea of the commercial importance of our little "seaport" I may inform you that the duties paid at the Custom House, in three months, last summer, amounted to 19,000 dollars."
WILL be sold at public vendue on Tuesday the 18th day of October next, pursuant to the last will of Joseph Glass, deceased, a very valuable PLANTATION, on the head waters of Opecon, five miles S. W. of Winchester. This tract contains about 400 acres, is fertile, healthy, and beautifully situated. There is on the premises a valuable mill-seat with 29 feet fall, immediately on the great road leading from Winchester to Marlinton Iron-works. The stream is composed chiefly, by the junction of several never-failing springs that rise on the premises, two of which are convenient to the dwelling-house, and of an excellent quality.—The mill-pond here will be most happily situated for a fishery. There is a good Orchard, and a large quantity of Meadow. One third of the purchase money at least, will be required in hand and the remainder at two subsequent periods. An indisputable title will be made and possession given the first day of April, 1804. The sale to be on the premises.
ROBERT GLASS, Ex'r.
August 5, 1803.
NOTICE
THAT the subscribers are ready to receive and manufacture all kinds of grain agreeable to the terms hereafter mentioned, viz. Out of every fifty bushels of merchantable Wheat they will deliver ten barrels of Superfine Flour, and stand the inspection. All Flour manufactured at our mill will be delivered at the river without any charge.—All other grain shall be particularly attended to. A generous price will be given in cash for merchantable Wheat and Flour-Barrels delivered at the mill.
THOMAS SWEARINGEN, DAVID BEATTY,
August 5, 1803.
PLAISTER OF PARIS.
THE subscribers at their Mills, nine and an half miles from Baltimore, on the Frederick Turnpike road, have erected Machinery capable of Manufacturing a ton of Plaister from the large stone in an hour.
The public are hereby informed, that they now hold themselves in readiness to Manufacture for those who may apply, on moderate terms.
Also,
GROUND PLAISTER
kept for sale.
ELLCOTT, & Co.
8th Month, 5th, 1803.
(7w.)
One Cent Reward.
RAN away from the subscriber on Sunday the 31st July last, a bound Girl, named Polly Young, aged about sixteen years. Had on when she went away a striped linsey petticoat, calico short gown, wool hat, &c. &c. The above reward will be paid for returning said runaway but no thanks given.
NICHOLAS STRAYER, sen.
August 5, 1803.

A FARM FOR SALE.
I AM authorised to sell a Valuable FARM, lying about a mile and a half from the town of Martinsburg, containing about 226 acres of excellent limestone land, well improved and in good farming condition. There are on the premises a good House, Barn, Orchard, Garden, &c. The terms will on application be made known by me; they are highly worthy the attention of those disposed to purchase land.
If this property should not be sold by private sale before the first day of next August Court for Berkeley, being the 22nd day of that month, it will then be set up to the highest bidder, at the Court house in Martinsburg.
PHIL: C: PENDLETON. Martinsburg, Virginia, July 22, 1803.
THE subscriber respectfully informs the ladies and gentlemen in this town and its vicinity, that he will open a SCHOOL on the first Monday in August next, for the purpose of instructing them in the rules of DANCING and other graceful deportments, which are ornamental in society; all those who honor him with their patronage will, he flatters himself, find it an illustration worthy of their attention, whereby he trusts his claim to general approbation. Terms for tuition are eight dollars, three dollars entrance, no admittance for any but those who are instructed in said School.
DAVID HARTSHORN. Martinsburg, July 22, 1803.
As a Court held for Brooke County, and continued on Friday the 3rd day of June, 1803.
N.L. John Holcraft, John Spivy, John Ashby and Peggy his wife, Joseph Pentecost, John Robb and Catherine his wife, Dorsey Pentecost, Sarah Pentecost, James Ashbrooke and Lucy his wife, George Pentecost and Rebeckah Pentecost, heirs at law and legal representatives of Dorsey Pentecost, deceased.
William Johnston, Gabriel J. Johnston, John Harrison and Elizabeth his wife, Benjamin Johnston, jur. Ann Johnston, General W. Johnston, Robert Johnston, Davis Floyd and Susanah his wife, heirs at law of Benjamin Johnston, deceased, and Peter Peterson. In CHANCERY.
THIS day came the Complainants, by their Counsel, and it appearing to the Court that the Defendants, William Johnston, Gabriel J. Johnston, John Harrison and Elizabeth his wife, Benjamin Johnston, jur. Ann Johnston, General W. Johnston, Robert Johnston, Davis Floyd and Susanah his wife, heirs at law of Benjamin Johnston, deceased, are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth. It is ordered that the said Defendants do appear here on the second day of the next August term, to answer the Complainants bill, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published for two months successively in the nearest Virginia Gazette, and also to be posted up for two months successively at the door of the Court-House of this County.
A Copy. Teste, JOHN CONNELL, c. s. c.
As a Court held for Brooke County, and continued on Thursday the 2d day of June, 1803.
A. C. John Murphey.
Mary Murphey and Elizabeth Murphey, heirs at law of Cornelius Murphey, deceased. In CHANCERY.
THIS day came the Complainant, by his Counsel, and it appearing to this Court, that the said Defendants are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth. It is ordered that the Defendants do appear here on the second day in the next August term, to answer the Complainants bill, and that a copy of this order be published in the nearest Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and also be posted up for two months successively at the door of the Court-House of this county.
A Copy. Teste, JOHN CONNELL, c. s. c.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY
An Apprentice to the HATTING BUSINESS, an active well disposed Boy, between 14 and 16 years of Age.
CHARLES D. STEWART. Martinsburg, July 1, 1803.
RAN away from the subscriber on the 19th of June last, an apprentice boy named William Calahan, about 5 feet 5 or 6 inches high, and is 16 years of age. Had on when he went away a pair of striped cotton trowsers, a yellow casimere waistcoat, a home-made linen shirt and a half-worn wool hat. Six cents reward will be paid, but no thanks given for returning the said runaway.
JOSEPH MENNER. Berkeley County, July 15, 1803.
FOR SALE.
A VALUABLE Tract of LAND, situate at the bridge on Opeckon Creek, about two miles from Martinsburg, Berkeley County, containing 375 acres, more than 200 acres of which are cleared, is good arable land, and the rest in timber, about 70 acres of good bottom land, all of which can easily be converted into meadow. As it is presumed no person will purchase without first viewing the property, it is not tho' necessary to descend to particulars. The premises will be shown to any person inclining to purchase by Mr. Philip Conine, who at present occupies them, and the terms made known on application to the subscriber.
DANIEL VANMETRE. July 15, 1803.
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED from the subscriber living in Jefferson County, near Bull-skin, on the 15th ult. two horses, one of them a sorrel and the other a dark bay; the sorrell is about fourteen hands three inches high, has a white spot about the bigness of a dollar on the near side of his neck—The bay is about fourteen hands high, is well formed, trots and paces, shod all round with old shoes, those on his fore feet are not fellows.—Any person securing said horses and giving me information so that I get them again, shall have the above reward and all reasonable charges.
SAMUEL HIBBINS. July 15, 1803.
THE subscriber respectfully informs the inhabitants of Shepherd's-Town and its vicinity, that he has commenced the WEAVING BUSINESS, in all its various branches in that place, nearly opposite Mr. Philip Shutt's Tavern, where all kinds of Weaving, such as Coverlids, Carpeting and Diaper, and all kinds of plain work, will be executed in the neatest and most durable manner, and hopes from the goodness of his work, to merit the encouragement of the public.
JACOB WISEHART. May 13, 1803.
Doctor SAMUEL S. CRAMER.
HAS settled in Shepherd's-Town, directly opposite Mr. Lane's store, and commenced the Practice of PHYSIC and SURGERY. He will not boast of what he has done, or can do, but having had nearly as good opportunities, as Europe or America could afford, he will endeavor to recommend himself by his practice.
May 13, 1803.
Valuable PROPERTY for sale.
TO be sold or rented, the Plantation whereon I now live, containing 267 acres, a part of which is sown down with wheat and rye. There are several springs in convenient situations, two of which are strongly impregnated with sulphur. On this place are a good Apple Orchard, and about 12 acres of Timothy Meadow, and more can be made. Two convenient dwelling houses, one of them two stories high, the other one and an half. Also a new Merchant Mill, and Saw Mill, working under a 19 feet fall on Sleepy Creek, with two overshot water wheels; the Grist Mill has one pair of French Burrs, and one pair of Alleghany stones, 4 1-2 feet diameter. The stream on which the Mill stands is navigable.—Timber is floated down to the Mill, from the upper country, and plank, &c. can be rafted from the Mill down to the river Potomak. This property is situate 6 miles from the Potomak river, and 4 miles from Bath, Berkeley County, Virginia. The terms, &c. may be known by applying to the subscriber.
FREDERICK SNYDER. April 29, 1803.
A FRESH SUPPLY of LEE and CO'S highly approved and valuable PATENT MEDICINE, is just received and may be had at the office of the Intelligencer.
More New Goods
From the Cities of New-York, Philadelphia and Baltimore.
THE subscribers beg leave to acquaint their friends and the public generally, that they are now opening a very Handsome and General supply of
Fresh Goods
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
They deem it unnecessary to particularise each article that composes their assortment, suffice it to say; it consists of almost every article that this neighbourhood or country requires. We return our sincere thanks to our friends and the public, for their generous encouragement since our commencement in business, and hope we shall be able to merit a continuance. As usual we now have for sale LEATHER, CASTINGS, BAR-IRON and STEEL, and a complete assortment of PAINTS, Patent and other MEDECINES, together with a large quantity of OLD RYE WHISKY—and we again solicit the early communications of our friends, either personally or otherwise.
JAMES S. LANE, & Co. Shepherd's-Town, July 1, 1803.
NEW STORE.
THE subscribers take leave to inform their friends, and the public generally, that they have removed their Store across the Street, into the corner Brick House, near the Market, where in addition to their former stock, they have opened a Large and General Assortment of
GOODS.
The same being purchased for Cash, from the latest arrivals in Philadelphia, Baltimore and Alexandria, by one of the firm, they are confident that they will now be able to sell Goods cheaper by 12 1-2 per cent, than any sold in this place before: and to convince our friends and the public, we only solicit them, as they pass along, to give us a call, for GREAT
BARGAINS
Are now to be had of us, for CASH or COUNTRY PRODUCE.
N. B. Cash will be given for MERCHANTABLE WHEAT, delivered at our Mill.
P. NADENBOUSCH, & Co. Martinsburg, May 13, 1803.
NEW STORE.
Memenger & Cooper
HAVE opened adjoining the GLOBE INN, a large and general assortment of
Dry Goods, groceries & Ironmongery.
Also, a number of articles in the Paint, Dye-stuff & Drug line,
Which they offer for sale at moderate profits for Cash or Country Produce, and beg leave to solicit a share in the custom of the place and neighbourhood. Martinsburg, June 3, 1803.
NEW STORE.
The subscriber has just received, and is now opening A VERY HANDSOME ASSORTMENT OF
Dry goods & Groceries,
Suitable for the present season, all which he will sell on very moderate terms, for Cash or Country Produce.
HE returns unfeigned thanks to his friends and customers, and flatters himself that the Assortment which he constantly keeps, the moderate prices at which he sells, his assiduity and endeavors to please, will ensure him a continuance of their custom.
JEREMIAH EVANS. Martinsburg, July 1, 1803.
PRINTING.
In all its variety, executed at this Office with correctness and expedition.
Fresh Fancy-Goods.
THE subscriber has just received from the City of Philadelphia, and is now opening, a large and general assortment of Fresh Fancy
GOODS,
amongst which are Irish Linens, French and India Lutestrings, Muslins, Dimities, Leghorn and Chip Bonnets of the latest fashions, Chintzes and Calicoes, Morocco Slippers, and a quantity of country-made LINEN and twilled BAGS of the first quality, &c. &c. all of which having been purchased on the lowest terms for cash, he is now enabled to inform his friends and the public generally that he has BARGAINS to dispose of, and solicits their early communications.
WALTER B. SELBY. Shepherd's-Town, July 29, 1803.
BERKELEY, ss.
November Court, 1802. William Hill, Complainant.
AGAINST
John Thornton, Augustine Washington and Samuel Washington, heirs of Thornton Washington, dec'd, John Batte and James Smally Batte, Def'ts. In CHANCERY.
THE Defendants, John Thornton, Augustine Washington and Samuel Washington, heirs of Thornton Washington, deceased, John Batte and James Smally Batte, not having entered their appearance agreeable to an act of Assembly and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that they are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth, on the motion of the complainant by his Counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the Monday after the third Tuesday in October next, to answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette, for two months successively, and published at the door of the Court-House of the said County.
A Copy. Teste, H. BEDINGER, c. s. c.
A TAVERN TO RENT.
I WILL rent my Tavern at Orange Court-House, Virginia, about forty miles west of Fredericksburg. This place has as many advantages as any other tavern in Virginia, being in the centre of four public roads and the only house of public entertainment kept at Orange Court House. The house is large and commodious, being eighty feet long with ten rooms in it, and a cellar under the whole house, with a good Kitchen, Meat House, Ice House, and stabling sufficient for 100 Horses, a Spring of excellent Water, which is conveyed to the bar, and other parts of the house, and is exceeded by no place for marketing. The situation is remarkably healthy, and the neighboring society friendly and agreeable. I will give possession this fall. For particulars apply to the subscriber, living on the premises.
PAUL VERDIER.
July 1, 1803.
STRAYED from the subscriber living in Shepherd's-Town, on Friday the 29th of April last, a Dark SORREL HORSE, near fourteen hands high, eight years old this spring, has a remarkable ill-natured look, and is very hard to be caught, has a black spot near his rump about the bigness of a man's hand, and has some grey hairs in his mane; he was raised near Garrards Town, Berkeley County. The above Reward and all reasonable expenses will be paid for returning said horse.
JACOB HAINES.
June 3, 1803.
MARTINSBURG, Berkeley County, Virginia; Printed and published by JOHN ALBURTIS.
TERMS OF THE INTELLIGENCER.
The price of this Paper is two dollars per annum, one dollar payable at the time of subscribing, and one when the year expires. Distant subscribers pay for the whole year in advance. The price of Advertisements, to non-subscribers, is one dollar per square for three weeks insertion, and for continuance after that time 25 cents per week; Subscribers will continue to receive a reduction of one-fourth on their advertisements.