Gazette of the United States and daily evening advertiser. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1795-04-16 00:00:00

Jan Cowan
53
Gazette of the United States AND DAILY EVENING ADVERTISER.
[No. 90 of Vol. VII.]
THURSDAY, APRIL 16, 1795.
[Whole No. 813.]
PUBLIC BALL. Mr. MDOUGALL's breaking-up Ball will be on Thursday evening next...
IMPORTED, And to be sold by Jacob Parke, No. 49, north side of Market, between Front and Second streets Philadelphia...
A Gardener wanted. A person who understands the business of Kitchen Gardening, and can produce a good character...
Ticklenburgs, Oznaburgs, and Glass Ware, Landing from on board the ship Peggy, from Amsterdam.
Coffee of prime Quality In hogheads and tierces, Mucovado Sugars In hogheads, German Steel, ASSORTED WOOLLENS...
NOW LANDING, For sale by the Subscribers, from the ship Theresa, from St. Marc's, 15 hhds. & 3 tierces SUGAR...
The highest price In Cash, will be given for EMPTY BOTTLES, A preference will be given to Claret Bottles.
For Norfolk, Richmond and Petersburg, THE SLOOP GEORGE, ROBERT HOLMES, MASTER.
For Hamburg, THE BRIG ROSIE, John Meany, master. Now lying at Walnut street wharf, will sail in a few days...
F. Coppinger, No. 221, South Front near Pine street. For Fredericksburgh in Virginia, THE BRIG LITTLE SALLY, John Earl, master.
FOR HAMBURGH, Warranted to go North about. THE NEW SHIP AMITY, Captain Campbell.
PETER BLIGHT. For Hamburg, THE SHIP STAR, JOHN VANNEMAN, Master. NOW lying at Walnut street wharf...
Thomas & John Ketland, Who have for Sale, received for the above vessels, Duck, Russia, Ravens and Hollands, Lead, English and German in bars...
WILL BE SOLD, FOR CASH, At Public Auction, at the Coffee House, On Thursday the 16th inst. THE SHIP BETSEY...
Louis Osmont. SALT. Best Cadiz Salt, Just landing from on board the Brig Trial, for sale at Messrs. Willing and Francis's wharf.
Levinus Clarkson. Advertisement. Take notice that on the third Day of March, the Co-partnership of the Subscribers was dissolved by mutual consent.
To be Sold, And Possession given immediately, An elegantly situated FARM, WITHIN one mile and a half of Princeton in New Jersey...
Also to be Sold, a Two story brick Dwelling House, In Arch street near Front street, No. 23, sixteen and one-half feet front...
Isaac Snowden, South Second Street. Patent NAIL MANUFACTORY, No. 120, South Front-street, Philadelphia.
THOMAS PERKINS & Co. HAVING by the use of Machines, for which they have a Patent from the United States, been enabled to make 3d. 4d. 6d. 8d. and 10d. NAILS...
Mordecai Lewis. FOR SALE, The CARGO of the Brig Good Hope, Captain's Choice, Captain Hubber. 128 Hhds. Choice SUGAR, 50 Hhds. COFFEE, 75,000 lbs.
PETER BLIGHT. A FEW COPIES Of the celebrated Performance under the Signature of MANLIUS, May be had of John Ormrod, No. 41, Chestnut street.
Green Coffee, 110,000 weight of In 87 hhds. 40 barrels, and 200 bags, entitled to the drawback, stored on Messrs. Willing & Francis's wharf.
BOOKS. PRINTED & PUBLISHED By Matthew Carey, No. 118, Market Street, Charlotte, a tale of truth, By Mrs. Rowson, of the New Theatre Philadelphia.
Second American edition—Price 75 cents. The rapid sale of the First Edition of this interesting novel, in a few months, is the best proof of its merit. Extract from the Critical Review, April 1791, p. 468.
It may be a tale of truth, for it is not unnatural, and it is a tale of real distress—Charlotte by the artifice of a teacher, recommended to a school from humanity rather than a conviction of her integrity...
EXTRACT FROM THE PREFACE. The authors have presumed to affix to their title the epithet Impartial; and the reason is, because they cannot charge themselves with feeling the smallest bias to any party...
EXTRACT FROM THE CRITICAL REVIEW, JANUARY, 1794—page 12. We have certainly derived much pleasure, and acquired much information from the perusal of these volumes; and we think them, both for matter and style, worthy the attention of all who interest themselves in events which have so justly excited the curiosity and astonishment of mankind.
6. Plowden's history of the British empire from May 1792, to December 1793. A dollar and a quarter. [This is as interesting a valuable a publication as had appeared for many years.]
7. Beattie's Elements of Moral Science 2 vols. One dollar and three quarters. 8. Ladies' Library. Second American edition. 87 1/2 cents. CONTAINING—Miss Moore's Essays; Dr. Gregory's Legacy to his Daughters; Lady Pennington's unfortunate mother's advice to her Daughters; Marchmont de Lamherst's Advice of a mother to her daughter, Mrs. Chapone's Letter on the government of the temper; Swift's Letter to a Young Lady newly married; Moore's Fables for the Female Sex.
15. Blair's Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres. Three dollars 33 cents. 16. Smith's Letters to Married Women, on nursing and the management of children. 62 1/2 cents. 17. American Farmer's letters. 80 cents. 18. Young Misses Magazine. 2 vols. 1 dollar 33 cents. Containing—Dialogues between a Coquettish and several Young Ladies of Quality her scholars...
Madeira Wine, In pipes, hhds. and qr. casks, fit for immediate use. Port Wine, In pipes and hhds. Red and white Alicante Do in Do Red Lisbon Do Do CLARET in hhds. of very superior quality...
JUST IMPORTED, And for sale by the Subscriber, at his Store, No. 18, Penn street, 50,000 lb. St. Domingo Coffee, 5 hhds. Mucovado Sugar, 20 boxes Havana Do, 2 bbls. Do Do 1965 Spanish Hides, entitled to the Drawback.
Geo. Sibbald. Rumford & Abijah Dawes, HAVE FOR SALE, No. 7, South Water Street, A PARCEL OF CAYENNE COCOA, A few bales ditto Cotton, Coffee in tierces and barrels...
Spring Goods. 4 mo. 7, 1795 d2w Jamaica Rum. A CHOICE PARCEL, Will be landed to-morrow morning, at Jesse and Robert Waln's wharf. Also at South street Wharf, The CARGO of Schooner INDUSTRY, Captain Elkin, from JAMAICA COFFEE, In Hogheads & Barrels, Pimento in Bags, FOR SALE BY Peter Blight.

Foreign Intelligence.
Received by the Hero, in 48 days from Liverpool.
NATIONAL CONVENTION.
January 13. Laiguelot, in the name of the Committee of General Security, communicated a resolution to the Assembly, in consequence of which, Rossignol, formerly general in chief of the army of La Vendee, Pache, ex-minister of war and ex-mayor of Paris, Bouchotte, ex-minister of war, Bouchotte (brother of the former) ex-assistant of the minister of war, Audouin, Railton, Clemence, Cretien and Marchand, shall be immediately transported to the castle of Ham, department of Somme (formerly Picardy.) The Convention approved this measure.
January 16. The administrators of the district of Cherbourg informed the Convention, that the farmers of that district, unwilling to speculate on the misery of their fellow-citizens, by taking advantage of the suppression of the maximum, had offered to sell their produce at the same price as before.
A member demanded that this example of republican generosity be rendered public, considering that in his department the quintal of wheat formerly fixed at 14 livres was now sold for 160 livres. The commissary of foreign affairs deposited the sum of 15,792 livres, which was transmitted, as a patriotic gift, by the Frenchmen re-united at Constantinople, on the 10th of August.
Extract from a Journal supposed to be published by the deputy Chabes.
PARIS, January 18. “There was a time when the Republicans used to reason and judge in a manner the most natural. Such a thing pleases aristocracy, consequently it is disadvantageous; such another thing is applauded by the people, consequently it must be beneficial. Judge in this manner: the 31st of May 1793, and the 9th Thermidor [21st July, 1794.] The people applauded the former, and aristocrats the latter.”
“In a revolution we ought only to judge from the result. On the 14th of July, 1789, the people neither knew by whom they were directed, nor whither they were led. The people victorious on the 10th of August, asked for whom they had shed their blood; and the only prize of their conquest was to choose a new tyrant!”
“May the fall of Robespierre be as auspicious to liberty as that of the Girondins! May the revolution of the 9th Thermidor, on the score of which the opinion of the people is still fluctuating, be as useful, as salutary, as efficacious to the consolidating of the Republic.”
“Woe to those who design to forge new fetters for a nation of freemen. The phalanx of Republicans, always the first in arms, irresistible in the moment of danger, do not envy base infamy the glory of making a bustle during the sun shine; they slumber after having assured the triumph of the Republic; but their awakening is terrible; woe to the intriguers and conspirators who rouse them, who force them to speak with a thundering voice, For whom did we combat these five years?”
Further details relative to Citizen Loiserolles who devoted himself voluntarily to death in order to save the life of his son. Loiserolles jun. to his Fellow-Citizens.
PARIS, January 12. I hasten to rectify an error, which appeared in the memoir published under the title of the widow Loiserolles. The error seemed of too much importance to me that I should let it remain unnoticed.
The memoir says in the beginning of the third page, “the father succeeded in forcing his wife and his son to be silent on the subject: he deceived his jailors and went.” How is it possible that such a recital should agree with truth? Where is the wife, the son who could be ferocious enough to be silent on such an occasion, to agree that the most tender husband and father should carry his head on the scaffold for the fault of his son? If I would only be suspected of such a crime it would be sufficient to render me execrable in the eyes of my fellow-citizens, in the opinion of future generations.
The fact alleged, that on the 24th July 1794, my father forced my mother and me to be silent is a mere invention. The victims usually hurried on waggons, in order to be transported to the place of revolution were called for; the name of Loiserolles was pronounced; I presented myself immediately and thought it was to me the call of death was directed. I hastened, to take leave of my parents; but what a sight for me! A jailor ordered my dear father to descend in the chamber of the condemned; an unfeeling hangman who ridiculed my tears, my cries of despair pushed me back, far from my father, saying “An the poor child! Tomorrow it will be thy turn.” The act of accusation against me was delivered to my father. It was then, that he conceived the project of sacrificing his own life in order to save me,—he resolved to die for his son, and his son knew nothing about it.
About the middle of October, I was set free: two days after my delivery I happened to pass across the bridge of the hospital; curiosity induced me to cast my eyes on a wall covered with bills; in one of them I saw myself sentenced
to death—and this was the first circumstance which induced me to believe, that my existence was owing to the sacrifice of a life which I always wished to save at the peril of my own.
This is a true and simple account of an event, which will be remembered and admired by posterity. (Signed) LOISEROLLES, jun.
PARIS, Jan. 17.
Our letters from Petersburg of November 30th contain the following intelligence:
Baron Humbrecht & Baron de Frenckenberg, both convicted of having counterfeited French assignats, have just suffered the punishment pronounced by the laws against forgery. According to our jurisprudence the nobles cannot be condemned to be punished with the knoutka; the two barons having reclaimed this privilege were only exposed at the pillory, marked with a hot iron on both arms, and afterwards transported to Siberia. Two foreign merchants who were concerned in this forgery, suffered the punishment of the knoutka, had their nostrils split, and were ignominiously conducted to the frontiers.
General Suwarow has always distinguished himself by a surprising expedition and energy in all the operations he ever undertook. Foreigners, who don't know him, represent him as ferocious, as cruel; but there exists hardly a man in the Russian empire who is as familiar with the lowest class of the people, as eager to oblige every body, and such a faithful observer of the principles of humanity, as Gen. Suwarow in private life. It is only on the field of action he behaves as a soldier, and displays something like a revolutionary energy. His laconic style coincides perfectly with his manner of acting: His letter to the Empress after the taking of Warsaw, may serve as an example:
“Y. I. M. ordered me to crush her enemies in Poland; they are destroyed. I wait for the instructions of Y. I. M. on the ulterior destination of the brave army I have the honor to command.”
(Signed) SUWAROW.” After the capture of Praga, the same general wrote the following letter to Count Harmoncourt, commander-in-chief of the Austrian army in Galicia:
“I am master of Praga, and Warsaw trembles. (Signed) SUWAROW.”
NATIONAL CONVENTION. SITTING OF JANUARY 28.
Clauzel, in the name of the committee of public welfare and general safety, ascended the tribune to make a report on the new disturbances rising in the South of France, and especially at Marseilles, by the Jacobins in that country. “The terrorists,” said he, “those sanguinary monsters, who breathe for nothing but for blood, do not think themselves crushed at Marseilles. They have seized the moment when the garrison was embarking for Toulon, to raise their heads; they have sworn to spill new blood; they said they had walked in it only to the ankle, but that they would go up to their knees.” The criminal tribunal was sitting on the trial of the authors of the revolt of the 5th Vendemaïre. The Representative of the people, Esprit, had the weakness or rather cowardice, to suspend its functions under the pretence, that the accused were only deluded men; he has even set them at liberty, and ordered that they should apply to him by petition. The Jacobins immediately repaired to the tribunal, and forced it to terminate its sitting, in the midst of hisses and hootings.
Clauzel here read several letters of the representatives of the people and of the constituted authorities at Marseilles. They all agree in saying that the worst spirit prevails in that country; that the blood drinkers are on the eve of triumphing, and that terror being again become the order of the day amongst the merchants, they all provide themselves with passports, to fly from Marseilles when the signal for murder shall be given. He concluded his report with some quotations of speeches and declarations from Pitt, that seemed to him applicable to the circumstance.
Andre Dumont informed the convention on the report had not been communicated to the two committees.
Bentabole made a violent comment upon all the expressions of the report, and especially the quotations from Pitt. He said that the Republicans, the bonnettes gens, like only the plain language of truth.
After some discussion, it was decreed, that the city of Marseilles should continue to be in a state of siege till further order, that the criminal tribunal of Marseilles should be transferred to Aix, whither its members should repair immediately; and the representatives Esprit and Escudier be recalled, and replaced by Gadroy, Chambon, Mariette.
LONDON, Dec. 6.
The attention shown by the French to the prisoners of war which fall into their hands, is of the most polite and hospitable nature. At Lille they are not only permitted to walk wherever they please,
on their parole, but are all, both officers and privates, paid the same sum for their maintenance as they enjoyed when fighting the battles of their own countries; so that their situation is rendered perfectly comfortable. This statement comes from a Dutch officer taken at Nimèguen.
December 22. Yesterday arrived two mails from Italy—they bring very important news. The King of Sardinia is said to be given over. He has received extreme unction, and some of the letters even say, that he is dead.
February 2. Miss Decamp, of Drury-Lane Theatre, not approving of a stage dress which had been made for her, received a message from Mr. Kemble, the manager, acquainting her if she would attend him in his room, he would inspect the dress himself, and order such alterations as were necessary. On her attending the manager, as requested, he so far forgot the dress, in the person of the lady, as to subject himself to the publication of the following apology in all the daily papers:
“I, John Philip Kemble, of the Theatre-Royal, Drury-Lane, do adopt this method of publicly apologizing to Miss Decamp, for the very improper and unjustifiable behaviour I was lately guilty of towards her; which I do further declare her conduct and character had in no instance authorized; but, on the contrary, I do know and believe both to be irreproachable. Jan. 27, 1795.”
The great frost in 1740 was followed by an uncommon scarcity of provisions, and by sickness. The latter was in some measure accounted for from the spoiling of most of the vegetables when the thaw took place. Potatoes, turnips, carrots, parsnips, apples, &c. that had been laid in store for the winter and spring, were rendered very unfit for use, in consequence of some degree of putrefaction which they underwent from the sudden alteration of the temperature of the atmosphere, and which reduced the greater part of them to a soft and pulpy state. For the benefit of those, therefore, whose stock of vegetables may have been frost bitten, the following simple method of recovering them is recommended: Throw the vegetables into cold water, and let them remain in it for some time; after which take them out, wipe them dry, and replace them in straw or sand, in a cool dry situation.
In the East and West-Indies they make all their starch of rice, by boiling it loose in a small quantity of water, to such a softness as will render it fit for food; the water being properly strained, will answer for the finest starch.
The new bridge at Montrose, in Scotland, near half a mile across a rapid influx and reflux of the sea, is opened for carriages; so that the great post road from the South to the North of Scotland is now united.
February 18.
Yesterday morning the Greffier Fagel, left town for Hamburg. The unhappy Kosciuszko, who fled some time at Kiow in the Russian Ukraine, in order to get his wounds cured, was afterwards transported to Moscow. Wherever he passed, the people assembled in crowds, to see and admire this distinguished but unfortunate general: the government suspecting that many loyal subjects of Russia might perhaps feel something more than compassion for the leader of the Polish insurrection gave afterwards orders that the military guard who accompanied that dangerous man, should never enter any place or town before night. A chamber has sometime since been prepared for him in the fort of Peterseburg, and it is now confidently reported that Kosciuszko arrived there some time ago.
Extract of a letter from a superintendent of mail coaches, dated at Moffat, February 14th. 1795.
“I wrote you a letter two days ago which is still here, for though I have made an effort twice, I have been obliged to return, not having reached the half of the first stage. Two mails are due from London, three from Glasgow, and four from Edinburgh. Neither the last guard that went from hence for Glasgow on Thursday, nor he that went on Wednesday, have since been heard of; this country was never so completely blocked up in the memory of the oldest person, or that they ever heard of. I understand the road is ten feet deep with snow between this and Hamilton. I have had it cut through once but this third fall makes an attempt impossible—Heaven only knows when the road will be open, nothing but a thaw can do it; it is now intense frost.”
Another writes in the same way from Berwick, with the addition that he was three winters in North America, but never saw so much snow.
To the PEOPLE OF ENGLAND.
Tu ne cede malis, sed contra, audenter ito. VIRG.
If ever the long pull, the strong pull, and the pull altogether, was necessary for the salvation of the country, it is at the present important crisis which calls for all our exertions and demands our utmost abilities. The fate of England depends on the conduct of the hour. The most ferocious, the most numerous and the most formidable nation this day existing, has entered into a solemn league and covenant to extirpate the whole English nation; to annihilate our king and constitution; to confiscate the estates of the Noblesse; and to melt them down into the Canaille; to guillotine our bishops, and to equalize, that is, to seize all the property in the kingdom. Is not this a most awful consideration? and will it not awaken our ardour, and rouse our resentment? shall we tamely
bow down, like Dutchmen; become spontaneous slaves like Dutchmen, and sue for peace? shall we hail and feast, and caress this infernal banditti of professed robbers at London, as the Dutch have done at Amsterdam? shall we admit them into our houses, as Dutchmen, have done; permit them to ravish our wives and to deflower our daughters, and accept of our property as Dutchmen have done? Shame to the advisers of such an ignominious measure! Curse on the thought! Sooner may the Ocean, hitherto our Guardian mound, our kind protectress, burst its boundaries, and deluge the island in one great mass of ruin than that Britons should become the spon-taneous slaves of France, and kiss the rod of Despotism as Dutchmen have done.
FINANCES OF FRANCE.
From the calamitous reign of Charles V up to the period of the present revolution, France was never in a more distressed situation than in the year 1709. At that epoch, exhausted by a long war, she had still to withstand the efforts of all Europe leagued against her; to recruit her numerous armies after several bloody defeats; and to support them at an enormous expence; and this at a time when the declining faculties of Louis XIV, no longer permitted him to direct the department of finance, and to watch the out-goings of the exchequer, and when one of the severest winters ever experienced, obliged government to make immense sacrifices for supplying the wants of its distressed subjects.
Notwithstanding those unfortunate circumstances, the expenses for the year 1709, according to the statement of M. Desmarets, minister of State, did not amount to more than
  Livres. 221,110,547   And for 557,090 sacks of corn collected by requisition, and paid by abatements of the contributions and taxes 10,526,500   Sum total of the expence of 1709. 231,637,047 
If we estimate the value of the corn at that time at the rate of 26 livres the mark, the said expence makes 481,000,000 livres of our present money.
Let us compare this annual expence with that of the Convention in the year 1794. There has been one month in that year wherein the extraordinary expenditure amounted to 450 millions, and the ordinary expence to 48 millions; of course the sum total amounts to 498 millions; and consequently the monthly expence, under the republican administration of the finances, has exceeded by 17 millions, the annual expenditure under the ancient regimen, in the calamitous year 1709.
But in order to avoid all suspicion of colouring too highly this picture, let us take the whole expence of the year 1794, and state it after the accounts of Finance, given into the Convention and from the report of Cambon. According to those accounts and reports,
  The extraordinary war expence amounts to Livres. 2,000,000,000   The ordinary expence fixed by a decree of the Convention, at forty-one millions per month 476,000,000   Sum total 2,476,000,000 
and of course, the expenditure of the year 1794 exceeds that of 1709, by the sum of 2,235,362,953 livres—So much for the frugality of a Republican government!
FALMOUTH, Feb. 14.
A list of all the tradesmen, excise as well as customs, has been given in, marking out such as were farmers or watermen, and many of whom held those offices merely as a protection against the impress service. Indeed every exertion is making at the Admiralty, to give us the most formidable navy that ever this country experienced.
PORTSMOUTH, Feb. 17.
The following ships are fitted with 8 months stores, supposed to be destined for the Cape of Good Hope and the East Indies, and will sail, it is reported, on Sunday next, viz.
  America, 64 Capt. Blankett,   Ruby, 64 Capt. Stanhope.   Stately. 64 Capt. B. Douglass. 
Echo sloop of war. The account of the death of the Empress of Russia begins to lose ground in the public belief. If an event so interesting to all Europe had taken place, it is probable the account of it must have come from some one of our foreign ministers by an extraordinary courier.
FALMOUTH, Feb. 16.
This day Lord Howe's fleet has been in sight of this port, standing down the Channel with the wind at east, and a fine breeze. Several ships outward bound went out and joined him.
PLYMOUTH, Feb. 15.
Earl Howe, with the fleet under his command, sailed from Torbay this morning, and is now off the Sound, with a tolerable breeze of wind at North, standing to the westward: the following
ships have joined him from hence in the course of the day, viz.
  Reasonable, 64 Adm. Parker,   Ruby, 64 Capt. K. Parker.   Trusty, 50 H. E. Stanhope.   Medusa, 50 W. O'Brien Derby.   Iris, 32 J. Norman.   Fox, 32 W. Hargood.   Fly, 16 P. Malcolm.   Cormorant, 16 R. Mobray.   Providence, 16 J. Bingham.   16 W. Broughton. 
Portuguese Squadron.
  Vasco de Gama, 74 Adm. de Valle,   Maria Primeira, 74 Com. Marie.   Rainha de Portugal, 74 Capt. de Nica.   Conde de Henriq. 74 Campbell.   Princeza de Bier, 74 Leite.   Carlotta, 44 Hancorne.   Noador, 22 Thompson,   Falcas, 22 Tarara. 
About 300 sail of merchantmen have also sailed with the above, and there remain about 150 sail more in the harbor, all of whom are using the greatest exertions to get out to join their lordship, who if the wind continues favourable, will now certainly go down channel, and protect the before-mentioned valuable outward bound fleet, to a certain latitude.
The weather has been very moderate all day, and notwithstanding the magnitude of the fleet, not a single accident has happened, nor has any of the ships received the smallest damage in going out of Harbour.
UNITED STATES.
NEW-YORK, April 9. A CHARGE delivered to the Grand Jury for the district of New-York, in the Circuit Court of the United States, held in the city of New-York, on Monday April 6, 1795:
By James Iredell, one of the associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Published at the request of the Grand Jury.
Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, IT is a custom, I believe, founded in great utility, that before you enter on the performance of your duty after being sworn to the faithful discharge of it, you should meditate for a few moments at least on its high importance. In a country which is happily governed by law, and by that alone, and in which no distinction as to rights is made between one individual and another, no trust can be of more consequence to the community than that which holds in an impartial balance the scale of justice between the public on the one hand, and individuals on the other. The security of each individual consists in a due obedience, being voluntarily paid or properly enforced to the laws framed, by common consent for the common welfare of the whole, and in those laws being administered in such a manner as to be a terror only to the guilty, and a protection to the innocent. This impartiality, which ought in all countries to prevail in the administration of public justice, ought to be attended to with the utmost possible strictness in a Republic, the very basis of whose government it is that no one is superior to another, but the law is superior to all. She is the depositary of the common happiness and security of all the citizens. Without her voice none ought to be condemned. From her awful censure none ought to be exempted.
The peculiarity of our political situation which requires essential duties to be performed, not only as citizens of a single state, but as citizens of the United States, should be frequently revolved in our minds, in order that we may comprehend its true nature and importance. It has arisen from a necessity we have all felt, and from an anxiety in which I trust we all participate, the necessity of maintaining a strong and cordial union with each other, and an anxiety to promote the real and effective purposes of that union by the best means calculated to secure it. Whatever difference of opinion may have been entertained as to the means, the end has certainly been long the object of the most anxious solicitude in every part of the United States. It has been, I believe, as generally as justly thought, that the mischiefs of disunion, however lightly contemplated at a distance, would upon an unhappy experience be felt in a manner we should have eternal reason to regret. To prevent so great a calamity, rendered too probable by former examples, and of which we had in some degree felt the symptoms among ourselves, the present constitution of the United States was formed. The objects of this constitution being solely the preservation and security of the union, it in no instance interferes with the internal regulations of any state in cases which concern the interest of such state only.
There are therefore two governments to which we owe obedience: The state government to which we particularly belong in all instances which concern the interests of the state alone; the government of the United States in all instances which concern the interests of the union at large. Each of these governments deserves our equal confidence and respect. Each is calculated to promote, tho' in different ways, the happiness of those blessings we have now the happiness to enjoy. Both are restricted within those bounds which the people have thought proper to prescribe, and nei-

Mr John M. ... father of Mr John ...
there can violate, without violating a most sacred duty, the peculiar province of the other. The formation of the criminal law of the United States, as distinguished from that of each state in particular, would naturally have devolved, (as it must do in every government where power is unrestricted) upon the Legislature alone, if the constitution had not imposed restrictions on this authority, calculated to prevent its possible abuse. It may be interesting to enquire into the nature of these restrictions and to see upon what footing the Legislative authority of the United States in this respect is placed.
The following are the restrictions which the constitution (including amendments to it which have received the requisite consent) has provided:
1. "The privilege of the writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it."
The nature of a Habeas Corpus, so far as concerns our present subject, is well known. It is a writ which upon an application of a prisoner he is entitled to, in order that he may be brought before some legal authority, and the cause of his commitment examined, in consequence of which if entitled to a discharge, or to bail, he is to be discharged or bailed as the case requires, otherwise to be remanded that he may be proceeded against further as the law directs. The many thousand instances which have taken place at one time or other in every country of Europe of arbitrary and unjust imprisonment, by which innocence has been basely sacrificed, sometimes to motives of unprincipled policy, and not unfrequently to the gratification of mere private malice, or for the purpose even of family or personal convenience, might well excite the vigilant precaution of a free and enlightened people, altho' they had been remarkably distinguished in their own country by a happy exemption from such tyranny and oppression. A practice of this kind indeed would be at this time so abhorrent to the feelings of the most callous mind, that it certainly could not be indulged without meeting universal resentment and indignation. But what precaution can be too great where personal liberty is concerned, the natural and just claim of every honest man unoffending against the laws of his country? There may, however, be occasions where the public danger is so imminent, that a power of discretionary imprisonment may for a time be necessary to save the public from destruction. Such critical emergencies have been in all countries. We well recollect periods of the late war when this authority was indispensable. The occasions named in the exception must be admitted to be such where a discretionary power may be necessary to be lodged. It can, however, I apprehend, even then be alone authorised by an express act of the legislative body, who for their own sakes as well as the safety of their constituents will take good care that the authority never shall be allowed but where the danger shall be imminent, and the necessity real indeed, and a severe responsibility will be annexed to the abuse proportionate to the detestability in which an abuse of so formidable a power must be held, by every virtuous mind.
2. "No Bill of attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed."
An act of attainder may be defined to be an act of a legislative body deciding in a single case, upon mere arbitrary discretion, on the life and fortune of an individual. The very definition of the power shews of what an outrageous nature it is. No trial by jury, no certainty of defence, no security in innocence. All those guards against injustice which have been wisely established in all other cases are taken away in this, the most dangerous of any, in which a bare majority of a legislative body, governing themselves by no rule, and under the influence of violent party prejudices, too apt to sway even virtuous minds, may rashly take away the life of the most innocent man. Justly has so despotic a power been rejected by our constitution, which takes care not only of whole classes of men, but also of each individual, whose rights are deemed too sacred to be left to the mercy of any party upon pretexts easily assumed, and naturally susceptible of abuse, and which have in fact been productive of the grossest abuses in countries where such a power was possessed.
An act of attainder is in some degree and that indeed very essentially an ex post facto law, since it subjects a man accused of a crime not to an ordinary trial and a fixed punishment, but to a legislative condemnation, which may be without a trial at all, and to a punishment altogether discretionary. But as it usually, if not always proceeds, upon the presumption of the commission of a capital crime which the ordinary proceedings at law, for some cause or other, are not competent to reach; it may naturally enough stand as a case upon its own footing, and, as some respectable law book tells us, may rather be regarded as a sentence than a law. An ex post facto law, so far as it respects crimes (its only meaning we have now occasion to consider) means, as I understand it, a law that in any manner alters the consequences of an act from what they were at the time when the act was done, whether the action at the time was wholly innocent, and afterwards made criminal, or was at the time criminal in a less degree than it was made by the legislative act afterwards passed. The same principles of regard to private rights which occa-
oned the rejection of acts of attainder naturally dictated a rejection of every species of ex post facto acts as grounded on no better foundation, and equally violative of that security of individuals which it was an invariable object of the constitution to protect.
(To be concluded To-morrow.)
PHILADELPHIA, April 16.
By the late accounts from England, it appears that a considerable number of new and old East India ships are taken into service as vessels of war—this will consequently diminish the number of vessels employed in the carrying trade—and here again the wisdom of our government appears in braving the attacks of faction, by adopting and persevering in the system of neutrality—Happy is that country where the people feel, acknowledge and support the measures adopted by their patriotic public functionaries.
Is it not political blasphemy to abuse the administration of a country whose measures equally command the approbation of those who are hostile to each other? Ninety nine times out of a hundred, the war system is wrong; nine hundred and ninety nine times out of a thousand, the pacific, neutral system is right.
Tuesday last the PRESIDENT of the United States, set out from this city for his seat at Mount Vernon.
The present situation of affairs in Europe and the West-Indies, and the great reason to expect their continuing in that situation, present an almost boundless prospect to the Farmers of the United States. It is hardly possible to conceive that they will be able to raise a surplus beyond the probable demand for grain and provisions of every description suitable for exportation. The culture of Indian corn, potatoes, &c. may be extended to the greatest limits. All the ports of Europe will be opened to receive our supplies—they cannot subsist without them—And under the auspices of a firm and steady government, with these exceptions always experienced in similar circumstances, our neutrality will enable us to carry to the best advantage, the exuberant productions of our soil. In addition to the impulse excited by so fair a prospect of gain, the voice of humanity calls loudly upon us to make the greatest exertions to diminish the horrors of war, and its concomitants, want and distress.
Extracts from two letters from Mr. Samuel Bayard, agent of the United States, at London, to the Secretary of State, viz.
December 15, 1794. "Our Consul Mr. Johnson has acted as agent in several cases all of which except two have been bro't to a decision; but in none of them he informs me has any important or leading point been decided."
"From all I have seen or heard, however, thus far, I am happy to say that there appears to be a sincere disposition in the constituted authorities, here, to do us full and impartial justice."
2d February, 1795. "I shall in all cases when documents and proofs are wanting state the defects immediately to you, and (when opportunities offer) write also to the owners and claimants," but as some time must elapse before I can have ascertained the proofs that must be forwarded in addition to those already in my possession in all the cases under my charge, I think it expedient to send you a statement of the evidence that in general is requisite for the prosecution of a claim or appeal, that the merchants of the United States who have forwarded their papers may be informed in what respects their proofs are deficient, and those who have not may without delay at once send complete sets of papers for the prosecution of their suits.
The proofs generally necessary for this purpose are
1. Evidence of the claimants or appellants being citizens of the United States at the time of the capture of their vessel or property. 2. Proof of their vessel and cargo, or part and what part, being their property. 3. Copies of letters, invoices, bills of lading &c. relating to the property claimed. 4. Certificates of respectable merchants of the value of the articles on board at the time of the capture. 5. Statements of the loss sustained, the expenses incurred and the costs of suits that may have been paid. 6. The policies of insurance, or when they cannot be had, copies of them.
These should all be proved on the oath or affirmation of disinterested persons, where that can be done, and where it cannot, by that of the party concerned before some magistrate or notary public, and proof of the office and qualification of such magistrate or notary pub-
lic should be made under the hand and seal of a British consul—clerk or prothonotary of a county or supreme court of a state, of a district or circuit court, or the supreme court of the U. S. or under the great seal of a state.
In cases of appeals—authenticated copies of the proceedings in the Vice Admiralty Courts—together with the matters of evidence above described should be procured and forwarded as soon as possible:
Wherever there has been a condemnation in the Vice Admiralty Courts abroad, without a claim having been regularly interposed—then both a claim for the property condemned, and an appeal from the sentence complained of must be entered here.
By this Day's Mail.
NEW-YORK, April 15.
The following was handed us by Mr. Geo. Codwise, of this city, merchant, being an extract of a letter from his son, dated London, Dec. 11.
"Dear Sir, "I have seen Mr. Jay but once since my arrival, on account of my having much to attend to; he informs me that ample satisfaction will be made for all American property unlawfully condemned by the British. I stated to him our case, which he thinks is very clear, and advises me to appeal immediately; and says that as soon as the treaty which he has made is ratified, Congress will appoint two commissioners, and this court the same, who will appoint an umpire, and decide all cases that are call off by the court of appeals—that the captors will be obliged to refund the property; that those are insufficient, government is bound to make good."
NORFOLK, April 8.
By the Schooner Charlotte, Capt. Stowe, arrived here on Monday, in 6 days from Bermuda, we have the following particulars: That the day the Schooner failed, letters were received at Bermuda, from the house of Stowe, Wood and Brothers, of Grenada, dated 20th March, particularly mentioning, that "Every thing was quiet there, and things carried on in the usual manner. The letters also mentioned, that a French privateer of 16 guns had been wrecked upon the island a few days before."
By the Snow Two Friends, Captain Dunbar, arrived here on Saturday last from Havre-de-Grace, Paris papers to the 13th February have been received; from them the following interesting particulars have been extracted. By these extracts the public will see, that a complete Revolution has been effected in Holland.
H. GUF, January 27.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF HOLLAND.
JANUARY 27, 1794.
This day being the second sitting of the Provisional Assembly respecting the PEOPLE of Holland, it was decreed in the name of the Assembly,
That Commissioners be appointed to visit the Dykes which have suffered so much by the late measures which were taken by the late Government, and to cause them to be repaired, with power to put in requisition all persons and property which may be necessary for that purpose. That they decree Citizen Bouijens, Inspector General of the Inundations, and two Engineer Officers, to call on such persons as they may require.
The impositions and contributions which now exist, are provisionally continued, and to be collected by the same persons as are at present employed, but they are specially charged to be particularly indulgent to the poor.
Citizens Hahn, Lestoven, and L. Loquy, are named deputies to the States General, so long as the present form of government shall exist; they are charged to see that a courier be sent to Paris to the deputies Beautzer and Repileur, to inform them of the Revolution which has taken place in their country, and to specially order them to stop all negotiations, particularly to forbid them to negotiate in the name of the province of Holland.
It is ordered that advice be sent to the Colonies in the two Indies of the Revolution; that our Consuls in the Mediterranean and Baltic be also informed, and that all our ships which may be found, be put on their guard against surprise.
It is also ordered to all Commanders of the vessels of the State, that they no longer obey the order of the ci-devant Admiral General (the Stadtholder)—that they bring their vessels into the ports of the Republic with all possible dispatch; and in case of any difficulties, that they go into the ports of the Republic which shall be most convenient—That the Commanders of all our vessels in the two Indies, and the Officers of the Colonies be ordered to act upon the defensive only, until further orders.
That a cartel be sent to England to order all the Commanders of vessels of the State, and of the East India Company, and merchant vessels which shall be found, to immediately return with their vessels to the ports of the Republic, and to demand them of the British Government, in case it should oppose their departure; as there is a report of a General Embargo upon all Dutch vessels in the ports of Great Britain; and to make arrangements for re-establishing the Packet boats.
The Representatives of the People of Holland, order, that the post to the French
Republic, which has been interrupted since the war, be re-established: also with the Belgic Provinces, and the country of Liege.
The Committee of Public Safety is charged to confer with the Bankers of Amsterdam and other places, and with the persons conversant in the finances of the Republic, and well acquainted with the resources, in order that measures may be taken for supplying the French armies in the most convenient manner, and regulate the circulation of the assignats with specie.
Many other measures of general police were adopted.
BOSTON, April 7.
ELECTION.
Yesterday being the day fixed by the Constitution for the people throughout the state to assemble and exercise the important right of election, in the appointment of a Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, and Senators, the citizens of Boston assembled for that purpose at Faneuil-Hall.
After one the poll closed, when the votes were found to stand thus:
 GOVERNOR.  Samuel Adams, Esq. 2008  LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR.  Moses Gill, Esq. 2229  SENATORS.  Oliver Wendell, Esq. 2003  Thomas Daws, Esq. 2050  Benjamin Austin, Esq. 825  Charles Cushing, Esq. 791  Theophilus Cushing, Esq. 1259  John C. Jones, Esq. 1233 
Thus there being but 15 or 20 scattering votes, and the towns of Hingham, Hull, and Chelsea, which complete the county, being very federal and patriotic, and even if otherwise, being incapable of balancing the present majority, we can with confidence positively say, that
JOHN COFFIN JONES, Esq. and Gen. THEOPHILUS CUSHING, are elected Senators, vice Benjamin Austin, jun. Esq. and Charles Cushing, Esq. diminished in popularity. The vox populi is omnipotent.
THIS DAY
Is devoted as a festival for the political fraternization of the Dutch, with the brotherhood of the old and new world.
A general ringing of the bells of the town, and a discharge of cannon ushered in the morn of this Jubilee, and will be repeated at its zenith and close. One sentiment pervades every heart, the voice of gratulation vibrates on every ear, and joy, general joy, is the order of the day.
We find that the French islandists, remote from the correcting hand of the national government, have in some instances grossly ill used Americans.—Captain Cheeseman, in the brig Lark, which arrived on Sunday, from Cape Francois, was taken by a French privateer and carried in there. His cargo was taken by the government, who, after breaking many promises of paying for it, necessitated him to sail without compensation. His private adventure, &c. &c. which he sold to individuals, he was equally perplexed in getting pay for; and finally, just before he failed, he was threatened for complaining of his treatment, to be confined in prison.
April 8.
Several citizens of this town, in company with a number of citizens of the French Republic, yesterday partook at a "Fraternal Feast," at Faneuil Hall, to celebrate the recent victories of the French arms. The bells rung peals at various periods of the day, and a number of guns were fired.
The following are the toasts given on the occasion, viz:
1st. The people and Government of the United States. 2nd. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 3rd. That Luminary of Freedom, the Republic of France. 4th. The People of the United Netherlands—May humanity mark the progress of their Revolutionary Government, and continue to be the order of the day. 5th. The armies of France—May the magnanimity of their conduct towards their vanquished enemies, convince the world that the Republican sword is drawn not to destroy, but to support the Rights of Man. 6th. The Navy of France—May it vindicate the oppressed, and protect the free. 7th. Glory to the patriot, amnesty to the deluded protection of the innocent, and punishment only to the traitor. 8th. Agriculture—May the enlightened yeomanry of all democratic Republics, know, feel and retain their weight in the scale of government. 9th. The Arts and Sciences—May the citizens of all free governments always remember, that information is the nurse of Freedom and improvement, her strength. 10th. Commerce—May none but the free enjoy its blessings. 11th. Diffraction to the councils, and defeat to the arms of all powers combined against the liberties of mankind. 12th. May the triumph of freedom soon be the harbinger of universal peace. 13th. A defensive and perpetual alliance between the three sister Republics, to maintain the common principle of their respective constitutions of government.
 For Mr. Varnum, 1501  For Mr. Dexter, 1451  Scattering votes, 56  Whole number, 3008  To make a choice, 1504   According to which, Mr. Varnum wants but three votes. But for the 46 lost votes in Pepperell, he unquestionably would have been chosen.
PORTLAND, April 6.
The important information of the capture of Amsterdam, by the French, has obliged us to omit several Electioneering and other pieces prepared for this paper.
Mr. WAIT, If you think the following sufficiently interesting to the American public, I could wish you to give it room in the Eastern Herald.
I failed the 12th January from North-Yarmouth, in the sloop Ga Ira, and arrived at Barbadoes the 6th February, at which place I sold part of my cargo, and proceeded with the remainder to Fort Royal in Martinique, where I purchased molasses; but when I came to enter the vessel, I was not allowed to take in the cargo, on account of the name of the sloop. In consequence of this treatment I obtained a loss of one hundred joes; being obliged to come away without the molasses, besides being otherwise put to considerable expense. When I waited upon the General (Lindsay) I was abused by him in language which I should not have expected from a person of his rank; and threatened to be hanged; and he swore by God, that if my name had been in the register, he would actually hang me. After having been thus insulted, I was sent on board the commodore; but for what I do not know.
The following is the copy of a letter from the Major of the brigade, to the Collector of the revenue:
Fort Royal, 19th February, 1795.
SIR, By desire of the Brigadier General Lindsay, I enclose to you the papers of an American sloop come in here in from Barbadoes in ballast. It is Brigadier General Lindsay's order that she may not be allowed to take in any thing at this port, in consequence of her name, which he thinks highly improper, and that she depart as soon as possible. The General does not consider this as an established law; but Americans that bring not any thing with them, have not a right to take any thing away. I am, Sir, your most obedient servant,
(Signed) E. MORKLER, Major of Brigade." William Nicolls, Esq. Collector, Fort Royal."
The foregoing is a true, tho' not a minute statement; and by inserting it, you will in my opinion, afford a useful hint to the American captains bound to the British West-Indies, and oblige your very humble servant, DAVID DRINKWATER, Captain of the sloop Ga Ira.
Portland, April 1, 1795. In justice to the collector, Mr. Nicolls, Capt. Drinkwater adds, that his behaviour was that of a gentleman, and he publicly acknowledges himself under obligations to him for his politeness.
PORT OF PHILADELPHIA.
ARRIVED.
 Ship Days.  Bachus, George, Savannah, 16  Brig Maria, Green, Brest & Statia, 14  Columbia, Ober, Charleston, 8  Bride, Quandrill, Fayal, 36  Sloop Mill River, Shockley, Charleston, 7 
Letters from Baltimore say that the British December Packet bound to Halifax was captured by a Privateer which failed from Baltimore a few months since—the Packet was sunk—the crew had arrived at Barbadoes.
NEW THEATRE.
TO-MORROW EVENING,
APRIL 17,
Will be Presented,
A TRAGEDY, (not performed this season) called
The Carmelite.
To which will be added, (Never performed here) a COMIC OPERA, in two acts, called
The Two Misers.
Newcastle Pier Lottery.
The returns of the drawing arrive daily at the OFFICE, No. 149, Chestnut street, between Fourth and Fifth streets—Where a correct Numerical Book is kept; also, the slips of each day's drawing regularly filed.—Information given where a few remaining tickets may be had, wanted and drawn. Less prizes exchanged, and high prizes cashed. N. B. The Twenty-fourth Day's Drawing is arrived.
Washington Lottery.
The public are informed by authority, that this Lottery will positively commence at the close of Newcastle Lottery. Information given where tickets may be purchased, value 5 dollars each. Also, a few quarter tickets in the above lottery, issued by Samuel Blodgett which will entitle the holder to one fourth of the prize drawn to its number. April 16.

A VENDRE, Une Terre Superbe située dans l'Etat de la Nouvelle York.
LA BELLE Habitation connue par le nom de SCOTIA, située sur le bord du nord de la Rivière de Mohawk et vis à vis la florissante ville de Schenectady qui est à l'extrémité de la communication par eau entre la Canada et autres parties occidentales avec la ville d'Albany dont elle est éloignée de seize miles Anglois ou cinq lieues un tiers de France.
Cette terre est bornée par la dite Rivière environ deux tiers de lieue—les grands Chemins des parties de l'ouest et du nord le joignent en cet endroit avec plusieurs autres et conduisent à l'endroit par où l'on traverse la Rivière vis à vis la dite ville—cette habitation contient plus de mille acres, une grande partie de la quelle est en plaine de la première, qualité et propres pour des prairies ou du grain dont elle produit une grand abondance.
On pourroit la diviser en plusieurs habitations donnant à chacune des situations très commodes à placer des maisons—elle contient actuellement deux maisons grandes et bien construites avec des Granges, Ecuries, Magasins, des Remises pour les Voitures et plusieurs autres bâtiments qui sont très convenables le tout situé sur une élévation au bord de la dite Rivière d'où l'on a une vue bien agréable sur la dite ville, des prairies dans les environs et de la Rivière aussi bien que d'un Réservoir d'eau environ trente acres, qui est bien fourni de poisson et de gibier.
Il y a aussi sur la dite terre un Moulin à eau sur un courant qui ne manque Jamais, avec une maison pour le meunier; on y pourroit ajouter d'autres moulins, &c.—sur cette terre est aussi un bon Verger des meilleurs fruits de ce pays d'environ mille arbres, et les Jardins abondent de toutes sortes de fruit propre pour ce climat—Dépendent aussi de cette terre plusieurs tenements avec des lots de terre sur les bords d'une rivière.
Il n'y a point de terre dans ces parties que soit plus seconde pour toutes sortes de grain d'hiver dont il en a été semé l'automne passé presque deux cents boisseaux ce qui sera compris dans la Vente aussi bien que deux petites îles dans la Rivière vis à vis la maison.
On pense que la vue de ces terres en donnera une plus haute idée qu'aucune description qu'on pourroit en donner.
Pour les conditions de Ventes il faut se rendre chez le soussigné demeurant sur les lieux ou à messieurs Oliver Wendell et Harrison G. Otis, à Boston—messieurs Cornelius Ray et De Witt Clinton, à New-York—messieurs James Gordon et Henry Glen, membres du Congrès, à présent à Philadelphie, ou à monsieur Stephen Bayard dans la ville de Schenectady, qui feront connaître le prix et conditions de la Vente.
JOHN SANDERS.
Valuable Property
For Sale,
IN THE
STATE of NEW-YORK.
THAT valuable and well known Estate, called SCOTIA, situate on the north bank of the Mohawk river, directly opposite the populous and flourishing town of Schenectady, at the foot of the water-communication from the Western Country, and Upper Canada; sixteen miles from the city of Albany, extending about two miles on the bank of the river above and below the said town; this river is the only water communication in the United States with the great western Lakes. The roads from the western and northern parts of the state of New York, together with a number of other public roads here meet, and lead to the noted ferry kept opposite the said town.
It contains upwards of one thousand acres, a great proportion of which is intervale or low land, calculated both for grass or grain, producing great burthens annually; it may be laid into a number of valuable farms, affording convenient and handsome building grounds; there is now on the premises two very large and commodious dwelling houses with large Dutch barns, barracks, hovels, stables, cart and waggon house, carriage house, horse house, summer house, and other out-houses, on a commanding eminence near the bank of the river, affording a beautiful and extensive prospect of the river for several miles, the lowland, the town, and a fine lake of water, covering about thirty acres, well stored with all kinds of river fish, fowl, &c. There is a good grist mill on a never failing stream of water, a good frame house, &c. for the miller, also convenience above the mill for erecting more water works; there is a bearing orchard with nearly one thousand apple trees, set out, grafted of the best fruit, the gardens are stocked with all the various fruits the climate will admit; also several tenements with portions of land on short leases.
The land in point of fertility of soil, is exceeded by none in the state; there is now in the ground near two hundred bushels winter grain, which will be included in the above sale.
Also two small islands in the river, opposite the mansion house.
A view of the premises, it is presumed, will fully equal any description that can be given thereof.
For terms of sale apply to the Subscriber, residing on the premises, Messrs. Oliver Wendell or Harrison G. Otis, Esquires, in the town of Boston, Cornelius Ray, or De Witt Clinton, Esquires, at the city of New York; James Gordon or Henry Glen, Esquires, two of the members of Congress, at the city of Philadelphia; Stephen N. Bayard, in the town of Schenectady, by whom the price & terms of sale will be communicated.
JOHN SANDERS.
Scotia, Jan. 28, 1795. N. B. The remaining stock unfold, and all the farming utensils, the purchaser or purchasers may be accommodated with. Philad. Feb. 7. 2awjm
Treasury Department REVENUE OFFICE, April 10, 1795. PROPOSALS
Will be received at the Office of the Commissioner of the Revenue, FOR BUILDING A LIGHT HOUSE,
On Long Island, at Montauk Point in the County of Suffolk, and State of New York, of the following Materials, Dimensions and Description.
The form is to be Octagonal. The foundation is to be of Stone, to be sunk thirteen feet below the bottom of the Water Table, or the surface of the Earth, and to be commenced of the Diameter of twenty nine feet. From such commencement to the bottom of the Water Table, the foundation wall is to be thirteen feet high, and nine feet thick. The Diameter of the base from the bottom of the Water Table to the top thereof, (where the Octagonal pyramid is to commence) is to be twenty eight feet, and the wall is there to be seven feet thick. The wall of the Octagonal pyramid is to be six feet thick at the base thereof, on the top of the Water Table.
The Height of the building, from the bottom of the Water Table and from the surface of the Earth, is to be eighty feet to the top of the stone work, under the floor of the Lantern; where the Diameter is to be sixteen feet six inches, and the wall three feet thick. The whole to be built of Stone; the Water Table is to be capping with fawed stone, at least eight inches wide, and Sloped at top to turn off the water.
The outside of the walls is to be faced with hewn or hammer dressed stone, having four windows in the East, and three in the West. The Sashes to be hung with hinges, and each sash to have twelve panes of glass, eight by ten inches.
On the top of the Stone work is to be a framed tier of Joists, bedded therein, plank over with Oak plank, extending three feet beyond the wall, thereby forming an eave, which is to be finished with a Cornice, the whole having a descent from the Centre, sufficient to throw off the water, and to be covered with Copper. A complete and sufficient iron lantern, in the Octagonal form is to rest thereon, the Eight corner pieces or Stanchions of which, are to be built in the wall to the depth of ten feet. These Stanchions are to be nearly 3 inches square in the lower ten feet, and 3 1-2 by 2 1-2 inches above. The lantern is to be ten feet and nine inches in diameter. It is also to be ten feet high, from the floor to the bottom of the dome or roof, and to have a dome or roof of five feet and nine inches in height. The whole space between the posts or upright pieces at the angles is to be occupied by the Sashes, which are to be moulded on the inside and struck Solid. Each sash is to have twenty eight panes of glass, fourteen by twelve inches, a part of the sash on the South west side is to be hung with hinges for a convenient door to go out on the platform. The rafters of the Lantern are to be framed into an iron hoop, over which is to be a copper funnel, thro' which the smoke may pass into a large Copper Ventilator in the form of a man's head; capable of containing 100 Gallons. This head is to be turned by a large vane; so that the hole, for venting the smoke, may be always to Leeward.
Eight dormant Ventilators are to be fixed in the roof, a large curved air pipe is to be passed thro' the floor, and a close Stove is to be provided and fixed in the Lantern. There are to be seven pair of Stairs to ascend to the Lantern, the entrance to which is to be by a trap door covered with copper. The building is to be furnished with two complete electrical Conductors, or rods with points. The floors are to be laid with plank, of at least one inch and one half in thickness. The entrance to the Light-House to be well secured by a strong door hung upon hinges, with a strong lock and latch complete. Also a Frame house to be thirty four feet in front and sixteen feet deep, with a cellar under it. The cellar walls to be eighteen inches thick, and seven feet high. The first story of the house is to be eight feet, and the second, seven feet six inches high, the floors to be laid in whole lengths nailed through. The Racks of Chimneys with two plain fire places on each floor, one of them large for a kitchen; two windows below, and three above in front and rear, each sash to have eighteen panes of glass ten by eight inches. The doors to be hung and furnished completely. The ceilings and sides of the house to be plastered with two coats, all the wood work inside & out to be well painted & the whole to be finished in a plain decent manner.
An Oil Vault to be built twenty by twelve feet in the clear; arched over and covered with earth or sand over which a shed is to be built—It is to be furnished with nine strong cedar cisterns, with covers, each capable of containing two hundred gallons.
The entrance to the vault is to be secured by a strong door. A well is to be sunk at a convenient distance, and furnished with a curb, bucket and rope completely. The builder to find and pay for all the materials, labor, workmanship, provisions, and other objects of cost, charge or expense for a sum to be agreed upon, and to execute the before described work and every part thereof in a good and workmanlike manner.
Convenient payments or advances, on security will be made.
Wants Employment,
An Elderly person, who writes a good hand, and understands accounts, and who also can be well recommended for his honesty and industry.
Any tradesman or mechanic who may wish for such a person to keep his books, and make out his bills, may receive information by applying to James Hardie, corner of Lombard and Fifth street.
Jan. 23 2awtf
Forty Dollars Reward.
Was taken out of the stable of Abraham Van Bibber, Esquire, in the town of Baltimore on the night of the 28th ultimo,
A GREY HORSE,
Near fifteen hands high, six years old this spring, has been shod about 8 day's all round with new shoes, without either brand or ear mark; a white or baled face, a bushy tail, the lower part of which is whiter than the upper; a short head and neck, but carries well and has great spirit; trots, racks, and gallops; is active and well made for either saddle or carriage. Whoever secures the Thief so that he be convicted thereof, and also returns the said horse to either of the subscribers, shall be entitled to the above reward or twenty-five dollars for the horse only, with all reasonable expenses to be paid by
Abraham Van Bibber, In Baltimore Town, or Philip Reading, In Middletown, New Castle County, State of Delaware.
April 8 d6w
City of Washington.
SCHEME OF THE LOTTERY, No. II. FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE FEDERAL CITY.
1 A magnificent 20,000 Dollars, and dwelling house, $ cash 38,000 are
 1 ditto 15,000 & cash 25,000 50,000  1 ditto 15,000 & cash 15,000 40,000  1 ditto 10,000 & cash 10,000 30,000  1 ditto 5,000 & cash 5,000 20,000  1 ditto 5,000 & cash 5,000 10,000  1 ditto 5,000 & cash 5,000 10,000  each prize of 10,000  2 ditto 5,000 each, are 10,000  10 ditto 1,000 10,000  20 ditto 500 10,000  100 ditto 100 10,000  200 ditto 50 10,000  400 ditto 25 10,000  1,000 ditto 10 10,000  15,000 ditto 10 150,000  16,739 Prizes  33,261 Blanks  50,000 Tickets at 8 dollars 400,000 
This Lottery will afford an elegant specimen of the private buildings to be erected in the City of Washington—Two beautiful designs are already selected for the entire front on two of the public squares; from these drawings, it is proposed to erect two centre and four corner buildings, as soon as possible after this Lottery is sold, and to convey them when complete, to the fortunate adventurers, in the manner described in the scheme for the Hotel Lottery. A net deduction of five per cent will be made to defray the necessary expenses of printing, &c. and the surplus will be made a part of the fund intended for the National University, to be erected within the City of Washington.
The drawing will commence as soon as the Tickets are sold off. The money prizes will be payable in thirty days after it is finished, and any prizes for which fortunate numbers are not produced within twelve months after the drawing is closed are to be considered as given towards the fund for the University, it being determined to settle the whole business in a year from the ending of the drawing and to take up the bonds given as security.
The real securities given for the payment of the Prizes, are held by the President and two Directors of the Bank of Columbia, and are valued at more than half the amount of the Lottery.
The twenty four gentlemen who by appointment of the late Commissioners assisted in the management of the Hotel Lottery are requested to undertake this arduous task a second time on behalf of the public; a sufficient number of these having kindly accepted, it is hoped that the friends to a National University and the other federal objects may continue to favor the design. The synopsis of one of the Colleges, to form a branch of the National Institution, is already in the press, and will be speedily published, together with its constitution.
A complete PLAN of the whole of this important Institution, compiled from a selection of the best materials, ancient and modern, will be submitted to the public whenever the same may have gone through such revisions as may be necessary to establish the perfect confidence and general approbation, so essential to its present rise and future existence for the general good of America.
By accounts received from the different parts of the Continent as well as from Europe, where the tickets have been sent for sale, the public are assured that the drawing will speedily commence, and that the care and caution unavoidably necessary to insure a safe disposal of the tickets, has rendered the short suspension indispensable.
February 24, 1795.
SAMUEL BLODGET.
* Tickets may be had at the Bank of Columbia; of James West & Co. Baltimore; of Gideon Denison, Savannah; of Peter Gilman, Boston; of John Hopkins, Richmond; and of Richard Wells, Cooper's Ferry.
Aug 30 eodtf
Fresh Teas,
Of SUPERIOR QUALITY, viz.
Imperial, or Gunpowder
Hylton Gomee,
1st quality Hylton,
2d. do. do.
Young Hylton,
Hylton Skin, and
Souchong.
A few Boxes of each, for sale at
No. 19, Third street south.
Dec. 10 eodtf
Columbianum.
Notice is hereby given,
That the Committee of Examination of Talents and Pretensions, belonging to the Columbianum or National College of Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, and Engraving continue to receive recommendations from those Artists, who in an to become Members of that Institution, inclosed to Mr. Groombridge at his house adjoining the Bank of Pennsylvania, and addressed to the chairman.
Signed by order of the Committee of Examination, &c.
J. J. BARRALET,
THOS. ROBSON, Assr. Sec Feb. 27
Just Published,
THOMAS DOBSON,
BOOKSELLER,
At the Stone House, in second street, Philadelphia.
Volume XIII of Encyclopædia:
Or a Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Miscellaneous Literature, on a plan entirely new, by which the different sciences and arts are digested into the form of distinct treatises or systems:
This volume contains the history of Nehemiah, Nero, Newfoundland, Newton, and Newtonian Philosophy, Niagara, Nile, Norway, Numidia, Observatory, Olympus, Optics, Oratory, Ornithology, Ossian, Otahitee, Ovis, Owyhee, Paintings, Palermo, Palestine, Paper making, Parliament, Paris, Pascal, together with a great variety of Biographical and miscellaneous articles. Illustrated with 32 elegant Copperplates.
Subscribers to this work are earnestly solicited to take up the volumes which they have not received, as the lying out of so much money is a serious injury to the Publisher, those who do not take them up and pay for them by the first of July 1795, will be subject to an additional charge.
The subscription for this valuable work is closed sometime ago, the Publisher has still a few sets on hand for sale at 110 dollars the set. The money to be paid in full on delivering the volumes now ready, which are thirteen, and the remaining five volumes will be delivered when published to the purchaser or his order.
The fourteenth volume is in the press, in considerable forwardness.
April 10 eod4w
American Landscapes.
PROPOSALS FOR PUBLISHING IN AQUATINTA
TWENTY-FOUR
VIEWS.
Selected from the most striking and interesting Prospects in the United States; each of which VIEWS will be accompanied with a descriptive account of its Local, Historical, and other Incidental Peculiarities.
By G. I. PARKYNS,
Author of the "Monastic Remains and ancient Castles in Great Britain."
CONDITIONS.
I. That the work shall be published by Subscription; and that each Subscriber shall engage to take the whole set of Views, and shall pay for each engraving, if black or brown, 2 Dollars; and if coloured 5 Dollars.
II. That the dimensions of each engraving shall be 24 by 17 inches, executed in aquatinta, and published upon paper of a superior quality. The publication to commence immediately; and one engraving to be delivered to the Subscribers, on the first Monday of each succeeding month, until the proposed series shall be finally completed.
III. That with the last View of the series, shall be delivered an engraved title-page; an elegant characteristic vignette; a map of the route, connected with the prospects exhibited in the course of the Work; and an Alphabetical list of the Subscribers.
Subscriptions are received by Mr. Harrison, at his Print-shop, Maidenlane, New-York by Mr. Carey, Book-seller, No. 118, Market street, Philadelphia, and by all the principal Book-sellers in the United States. February 28. d.
Boston Glass.
THE Proprietors of the Boston Glass Manufactory, after great trouble and expence, have got this Useful Manufacture established so as to be able to supply any quantity of Window Glass that may be wanted, and of any sizes, from 6 by 8 to 19 by 13, of a quality superior to any ever imported into America.
Therefore hope they shall meet the Encouragement of their Fellow Citizens in this and the other States, by having their Orders for Glass, which will be executed with care and dispatch by Samuel Gridley, Superintendent at the Manufacture, or by sending their orders to Mr. William Codman, merchant, New York, or to
Joseph Anthony & Son,
Merchants, Philadelphia.
March 27 d3w
Just Published,
And to be sold by Mr. Ormerod, No. 47, Chesnut street, Mr. Dobson, 47, Second street, Mr. Davies, 68, High street, and by the Editor, 119, Chesnut street,
An ALPHABETICAL LIST
OF THE
DUTIES
Payable by Law, on all Goods, Wares & Merchandise, imported into the United States after the last day of March, 1795.—Price 1-8th of a Dollar. March 19 d.
Genteel Boarding and Lodging,
AT
South Second Street, No. 19.
April 13
This Day is published,
And for sale by William Young, No. 5, South Second street, J. Ormerod, at the Franklin's Head, No. 47, Chesnut street, and the Editor of this Gazette,
A SERMON,
Delivered in the Second Presbyterian Church, in the City of Philadelphia, on the 19th of February, 1795, being the day of General Thanksgiving throughout the United States. By ASHBED GREEN, D. D. One of the Pastors of the aforesaid Church. March 18 d.
Wanted Immediately.
2 Smiths, a good fireman and White Smith, good encouragement will be given. Apply No 162 or 74 Market street. Philad. Feb. 28, 1795. N. B. Boarding and Lodging free. d.
UNITED STATES.
PENNSYLVANIA DISTRICT.
NOTICE is hereby given, that the trials of Criminal Causes in the Circuit Court of the United States for the Pennsylvania District, will commence on Monday, the 4th day of May next, at the City Hall in Philadelphia: when and where all persons bound by recognizance or otherwise to appear, are required to attend.
By order of the Honorable William Paterson, Esq. one of the associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States, and the Honorable Richard Peters, Esq. district judge of the United States for the Pennsylvania district.
D. LENOX, Marshal.
Marshal's Office, March 11, 1795.
The printers of news-papers to the westward and northward of Philadelphia, are requested to insert the above. March 12 n.w.&f.t.m
This Day is Published,
And for sale by Thomas Dobson, at the Stone House, No. 41, South Second street   Historical & Moral View    OF THE    ORIGIN & PROGRESS    OF THE    French Revolution;    And the Effect it has produced in Europe.    By MARY WOLSTONECRAFT,    Handwritten Bound.—Price One Dollar.    THE magnitude of the French Revolution, the Spirit of Political Inquiry which it has excited, and continues to excite, and the unexampled rapidity with which the most astonishing events have succeeded one another, form altogether an object of such importance as cannot fail to arrest the attention and interest the heart of every friend to mankind; and the volume now offered to the public is not a bare recital of facts; but exhibits a view of the effects it has produced and is likely to produce, involving in its influence the fate of many millions of the Human Race. March 20 2aw4w    PROPOSALS    For printing by subscription, a new publication, to be entitled