Berkeley and Jefferson intelligencer (Martinsburg, Va.), 1806-08-29 00:00:00

Berkeley and Jefferson Intelligencer.
[No. 15 of Volume VIII.]
FRIDAY, August 29, 1806.
[Whole No. 379.]
From the Western World.
The Kentucky Spanish Association, Blount's Conspiracy, and General Miranda's Expedition.
IN the history of conspiracy and secret combination, of those which have affected the United States, there are none of so extraordinary a nature, as the three above mentioned. First—The Kentucky Spanish Association, was formed about 1785 or 1786, continued until 1790; but how much longer is uncertain. Its general supposed object, was the separation of Kentucky and the Western territory from the U. States, to add them to the Spanish monarchy. Second—The conspiracy of governor Blount, was a plan projected in 1795, in conjunction with the British government, to invade the Spanish territories from Canada, aided by men enlisted within the U. States, and by the Indians. 3d. The scheme of General Miranda, whatever it may be, is before this time partly executed or defeated. The only authentic documents which have been published respecting it are, a letter from STEPHEN SAVAS, which appeared in the Richmond (Virginia) Enquirer some months since, and the memorials lately published by S. G. Ogden, and Wm. S. Smith of N. York to congress.
Every circumstance which is clothed with the veil of mystery, naturally excites a greater degree of curiosity than incidents of more magnitude when open to the public eye. It therefore not unfrequently happens, that events of the former description are scrutinized more deeply, and in general terminate with more publicity to all concerned, than if the mask of secrecy had never been used. Twenty years have elapsed since the formation of this plan, which originated in the woods of Kentucky, to place the western territories under the dominion of Spain; and although a majority of the respectable inhabitants then residing in the state, are said to have combined for that purpose, yet their scheme was conducted with such secrecy and fidelity that the particulars are at present only known to a very few individuals, with an exception of the parties immediately concerned. It would for us have ever remained buried in oblivion, were we convinced that all the agents of it had entirely abandoned their idea of effecting a division of the United States to the interest of some foreign power. But believing from various circumstances, that although the first plan has been long since dismissed, another scheme is in agitation; we deem it our duty to lay before the public such general facts as have come within our knowledge, and which we are authorised to say may be substantiated in a court of justice. The conspiracy of Blount, and the late expedition of Miranda, in our opinion, may be traced to the same source, and are only similar speculations planned to a different direction. When we say they originated from the same source, we do not mean however, to insinuate that the members of the first association had a part in the two latter. On the contrary, we believe that very few of them if any had a knowledge either of Blount's conspiracy, or of Gen. Miranda; but that the projects of the first scheme led others connected with them to the adoption of the two last.
The idea of a set of men conspiring together, with the intention of transferring a portion of that country of which they are citizens, to a foreign power, always carries with it such an appearance of the grossest treason, that it is with extreme difficulty, any palliation for the offence can be suffered. Yet if ever the attempt was pardonable, it was pardonable with several of the members of the Kentucky association. From the public as well as private character of many of those concerned who are personally known to us, we are confident that only the most extreme necessity compelled them to take a part in the treasonable scheme.
It is extremely easy for those to prattle about liberty, independence, and patriotism who are peaceably seated in the heart of a civilized country; and who never have experienced the calls of hunger, fatigues of incessant marching, for months together, in the woods and horrors of an
Indian war. But the situation of the Kentuckians at the period when this plan was projected was very different from a state of peaceable quiet. After having devoted the best period of their lives, to the establishment of the independence of their country; after having shed their blood in its defence, and submitted to all the ills of the revolutionary war, they saw themselves in the decline of age, unsupported by their country, and forced for a subsistence to traverse a wilderness of nature, where death lay concealed in every bush, and the scalping knife of the Indian threatened them at every step. When to those evils the enmity of the Spaniards was added on one side, and that of the Canadian government on the other; we ought to pause and reflect on their situation. If a parallel is to be found in ancient history, it is the case of the Britons, and their celebrated letter to Actius, imploring the aid of the Romans, may convey some idea of the situation of the inhabitants of this state twenty years ago. The elements of destruction which hung over the Kentuckians, were, it is true, a little different from those which threatened the ancient Britons, but not less tremendous. "We know not (says the Britons) what way to turn us. The barbarians drive us to the sea, and the sea forces us back to the barbarians; between which we have only the choice of two deaths—either to be swallowed up by the waves, or to be butchered by the sword."
Under these circumstances, the cool and dispassionate reasoner will not see it astonishing, if even virtue and integrity themselves, yielded to the plausible proposal of an intriguing and ambitious adventurer.
This was general Wilkinson, the present governor of Upper Louisiana. Destitute of the means of supporting a vain and ostentatious parade in life among wealthy settlers; general Wilkinson at an early period sought the woods of Kentucky, in hopes probably of having one day the control of the state. He settled in the county of Woodford. The property he brought with him did not exceed a few hundred pounds and three or four slaves. This, however, might have been sufficient for a person of a different character from Wilkinson, to have procured all the necessaries of life which the country at that period could afford. But the natural temper and attendant on vanity and ambition, soon prompted him to search for another field where wealth was to be more abundant, and pomp and luxury were not to be fettered by the rules of a republican people. With this design, he made an excursion down the Mississippi, in the beginning of 1785; his stay was short. He took another trip in 1786, but previously had the policy to cause an impression to be made at Natchez and New Orleans, by proper emissaries dispatched for the purpose, that he was a person of the first influence and consequence in Kentucky and the western country; and could command at pleasure an army of ten or fifteen thousand citizens. Giozo at this period was the Spanish resident at Natchez, a man every way calculated both to be imposed upon and to impose upon others. The manners & deportment of Giozo & Wilkinson were nearly alike; both fond of show, mutually lavish of their services and promises of friendship. An understanding of the most intimate nature was therefore soon established between them. A pair of the most beautiful geldings, which Wilkinson bought for the express purpose from col. Bannister, at Petersburg, Virginia, were the next spring forwarded to the Spaniard. At the request of Giozo, Wilkinson made out a particular report of the geography, the resources, and population of the state of Kentucky. The inhabitants he mentioned were in a state of the greatest discontent, and even bordering on insurrection; and that they would cheerfully accept the yoke of any foreign power which would aid them in a separation from the Union. This report was transmitted to Mero, the governor of New Orleans, and by him to the court of Madrid; but the Spanish translator in some degree betrayed its contents to the earl of Bute, then British ambassador in Spain, who procured a copy of it for his government.
Thus was the state of Kentucky to be
set up for sale, and to be courted and intrigued for by two European powers.—Gardoque, the Spanish minister at Philadelphia, was applied to for that purpose on the part of Spain; while lord Dorchester, the governor of Canada, was informed with a similar view by the ministry of Great Britain. A copy of Wilkinson's report was transmitted to lord Dorchester, which is probably yet in that nobleman's possession; but another manuscript is preserved in the private library of the earl of Bute, at his family seat of Mount Stuart in Scotland.
1st. With regard to the Spanish negotiation, Gardoque commenced his operations by sounding Mr. John Brown, member of congress for Kentucky, then in Philadelphia, on the subject: Having discovered in Mr. Brown an accommodating disposition towards the Spanish government; he directly made proposals for a separation of the state of Kentucky from the United States, in favour of Spain, on the following conditions, with an assurance to Mr. Brown if they were carried into effect, he himself should be raised to the dignity of a Spanish Grandee, with a suitable pension for life.
1st. That the citizens would be allowed the privilege of their laws, and no restraint placed on them in respect to religious matters.
2d. That the navigation of the Mississippi would be equally free to Kentuckians, as to the other subjects of Spain.
3d. That in all other matters, the Kentuckians would remain on the same footing with the Louisianians.
Whether these terms were complied with on the part of Mr. Brown, we know not, but they are narrated in a letter written at that period by Mr. Brown to the hon. Samuel M'Dowel, of Jessamine county, one of the circuit judges of the state. Mr. Brown was then said to be on the point of marriage with Mr. M'Dowel's daughter; and it is very natural to suppose he should embrace the first opportunity of informing his intended father in law, of the honors which were to be conferred on him at the Spanish court.
Part of the scheme is also mentioned in another letter written by Mr. Brown about the same time to judge Muter, the present president of Kentucky Court of Appeals. This letter being obtained in some way, from judge Muter, was published about 1789, in the Kentucky Gazette; but only one copy of that paper, we believe, is at this day in existence. It is in the possession of col. Bullitt, of Jefferson county. So carefully were the members of the Kentucky association to have every document which gave light to their transactions destroyed.
In corroboration of this statement, we beg leave to give the substance of a conversation, which passed between Governor Greenup and one of the editors, who waited upon the governor, in company with another gentleman, for the purpose of obtaining information respecting the plan.
Governor Greenup mentioned that Mr. Brown, soon after his return from Philadelphia, related to him in a private conversation, the proposals which had been made to him by Gardoque which were nearly the same with those we have stated; that Mr. Brown appeared in a guarded manner, to approve of them; but upon governor Greenup expressing his abhorrence at the scheme, Mr. Brown never afterwards made any further communication to him on that business. The Governor also observed that he had seen Mr. Brown's letters to Mr. M'Dowel and judge Muter, which to the best of his recollection corresponded with the private conversation he had with Mr. Brown.
In regard to general Wilkinson, governor Greenup said, he well remembered that Wilkinson read in the Kentucky convention at Danville, in 1788, the report or memorial which he gave to the Spanish governor at New Orleans, on the subject of the resources, geography and population of the state of Kentucky, as likewise a letter from the Spanish governor to Wilkinson, informing him his memorial had been transmitted to Madrid. That this memorial consisted of about eighty pages of manuscript; and that Wilkinson in the same convention made a motion that they should proceed to the formation of a se-
parate constitution, independent of the state of Virginia; which motion was seconded by judge Wallace, now of the court of appeals, and warmly supported by all those members who were then supposed to be engaged in the negotiation with Gardoque. Governor Greenup also remarked, that he understood the negotiation had so far advanced, that even the names of the several individuals were mentioned, who were to fill the several places of honor in Kentucky, under the Spanish government; but from the length of time elapsed, they had escaped his memory. He added, it was his opinion that most of the documents which could throw light on this conspiracy, were destroyed; and that if they existed, they probably were in the possession of col. Todd, who was then secretary to the convention.
The proposals of Gardoque having been agreed to by general Wilkinson and his friends; an army was immediately to have been embodied, to have conducted a revolt against the United States in favor of the Spanish monarchy. The command of this army, we are authorised to say, was first offered to general Scott; but the patriotism of this veteran spurned at the proposal. The proffer was next made to general ***** who was equally indignant at the plan. Wilkinson himself then volunteered the command. The raising of the army was however delayed by the arrival of an agent from Lord Dorchester, in Canada, offering terms from the British government. For we suppose it mattered little with Wilkinson to what European power the state of Kentucky became subjected, provided he himself received a handsome provision.
The agent of Lord Dorchester was a colonel Conolly, a British officer who was taken prisoner in Virginia during the revolutionary war. The only gentleman he knew in the state of Kentucky, was the late colonel Thomas Marshall, father to the present chief justice of the United States. The acquaintance between col. Marshall and col. Conolly, had originated in Virginia, when the latter was a prisoner—Conolly entered Kentucky at Louisville. Having only for his companion and protector an Indian squaw, of considerable influence and well known among the different Indian tribes through which he had to pass—He repaired without loss of time to col. Marshall's seat in the county of Woodford only a few miles distant from the plantation on which Wilkinson then lived. He arrived about breakfast, and immediately after taking a repast, opened the object of his visit, and produced the copy of Wilkinson's report, which had been sent to lord Dorchester. The whole of this day and the greater part of the next were devoted to the consideration of Wilkinson's report, and to the proposal which Conolly was authorised to make to the Kentuckians from lord Dorchester, which was the following:
1st. That Kentucky should, with the assistance of England, be erected into an independent state, and the inhabitants enjoy all the privileges of British subjects without taxation.
2d. That the town and port of New Orleans with the free navigation of the Mississippi, would be purchased from the Spaniards for Kentucky.
Colonel Marshall however, terminated the conference by not only refusing directly all aid and interference on his own part; but by assuring colonel Conolly, that the Kentuckians, whatever a few ambitious individuals might desire, would never agree to a separation from the United States.
Colonel Conolly, notwithstanding the opinion of Col. Marshall, had hopes that by the powerful influence of British gold, he might prevail on Gen. Wilkinson and his friends to break off the negotiation with Spain. With this view, he waited upon col. Muter, now judge Muter, whom he understood was on terms of intimacy with Wilkinson. We have the authority of Governor Greenup, to say that col. Muter told him, that upon his expressing doubts to Conolly, as to the policy of a union with Great Britain in preference to Spain, he immediately replied, "Colonel Muter, Great Britain can command your country when she pleases; she has at all
Mr. Wilson

times an army in Canada, and a fleet in the West Indies."
What conversation took place between Conolly and Wilkinson we know not—We have only been informed they were introduced to each other, and afterwards became well acquainted. Col. Conolly continued at Lexington for several weeks together, where he daily received visits from Wilkinson and his friends. His stay probably would have been much longer, had he not been recognized by some of the Kentuckians, who, suspecting his visit among them did not proceed from the purest motives, threatened his life. We believe too that those threats would have been put in execution, had not the interference of the lately deceased Major John Crittendon, of Woodford, prevented the accomplishment. The last morning that Conolly was in Lexington, Major Crittendon breakfasted with him in a private room in a tavern. During breakfast, a noise was heard in the passage. Maj. Crittendon suspecting the cause, rushed out at the moment that a huge woodsman with a large knife was attempting an entrance; and happily contrived to pacify the enraged countryman, until assistance was procured. Col. Conolly after this circumstance, tho' it was most prudent not to stay longer in Kentucky. He left Lexington a few hours afterwards, attended by an escort which Wilkinson procured for him, and which saw both him and the Indian squaw safely landed over the Ohio at Limestone. Although we have mentioned the names of Judge Muter and Major Crittendon, we think proper to observe that neither of these gentlemen were, to our knowledge, implicated in the negotiation with Spain or England.
Colonel Marshall, after Conolly left him, transmitted immediately an account of every particular to Gen. Washington; and the interesting correspondence which took place between General Washington and Col. Marshall on this subject, we are authorised to say, is at present in the possession of Gen. John Marshall, of Richmond, Virginia. [To be continued.]
LONDON, June 23.
Mr. PICKNEY, who has been selected by the president of the United States to enter into a discussion with the British government respecting the mutual causes of complaint subsisting between the two countries, arrived at Liverpool on Thursday. We have no doubt that there is every disposition on the part of his majesty's ministers to redress any real grievances of which the American government may have to complain; but they will not, on the other hand, we are convinced, compromise the dignity or sacrifice the interests, of this country, to the clamor of a party in America, whose object evidently is to obtain from this country the most degrading concessions, or to provoke a war.
June 24.
We last night received Dutch papers to the 22d inst. and this morning the Hamburg mail due on Wednesday arrived. The former are filled with accounts of the arrival of their majesties the new king and queen of Holland at the Hague. They arrived there on the evening of the 17th, and took up their residence at the house in the wood; they were attended by a large body of cavalry, and the road thro' which they passed, was lined with troops, all French.
The intelligence brought by the mail is more than usually uninteresting. No part of the French troops have yet evacuated Germany, nor do they shew any disposition to give up Brabant to the Austrians. A letter has been circulated on the continent, said to have been written by Bonaparte to the king of Bavaria, requesting him to abdicate his throne in favor of his son. We are, of course, unable to vouch for the authenticity of this letter; but if it be not genuine, the style of Bonaparte is very well imitated.
SALEM, August 8.
The following is an extract of a well written letter from a commercial house in Barcelona to a merchant in this town. "Looking to the circumstances that have already happened, we shall not be surprised if the passages of the Sound and the Dardanelles be closed relatively to England, which would be tantamount to the annihilation of navigation to the Baltic Sea. In such a state of things, the other parts of Europe must look to the United States for supplies. The wants of this province are neither casual nor accidental: it raises but little grain, and in the best of years requires an importation of 1,200,000 bushels for the population."
lation. If the resources it has hitherto had, be cut off, wheat from your continent will be a very fair object of speculation this way; and those resources have hitherto depended on the Baltic and the Black Sea.
"Europe has undergone changes, that are conceived of only because they are seen and felt. The fate of empires has proved as mutable as the property of individuals; nations are disposed of with so little ceremony, that a knowledge of their language is not thought necessary in those, to whose government they are consigned: principles of legislation are acquired in the refinement of a garrison, and laws presented on the point of a bayonet. Such is the state of things, that must make you look to your own government with pride. The mission of Lord Selkirk, and the known disposition of the British minority, make us easy on your account. This government [Spain] cannot wish to fall out with you."
BOSTON, August 9.
The Tunisian Ambassador. —As many reports have been current respecting the Tunisian Ambassador's declining to return in the brig Franklin, now in this port, it may not be amiss to state the facts.
The brig Franklin is designed as a compliment to the Bey of Tunis, and has been principally freighted with presents for him. On her arrival here, the Ambassador went on board, examined her accommodations, & expressed no dissatisfaction, until he learnt from some quarter, that the same brig had once been prize in Tunis. He immediately said, in positive terms, that he should not go in her, as a present to his master, for he would not accept of a vessel of her description, as a gift.
This is the true reason of his refusal, and his determination has been communicated to Government. His excellency did not object to the brig's being sent, as a store ship, provided another were sent as the present; for he had no objection to completing the freight of two.
August 13.
The Tunisian ambassador, we learn, will embark in the Two Brothers, Capt. Candler, for Tunis; and the U. States brig Franklin will accompany her as a store ship.
PHILADELPHIA, August 14.
Neutral Commerce. —We understand that by some recent decisions at Halifax, it appears that the British admiralty courts have adopted a new principle still more hostile to Neutral Commerce, namely that the produce of enemy's colonies going to the mother country shall be taken and confiscated without inquiring whether it be the property of enemies or friends. Such is the substance of the intelligence which we have received from a source which may be relied upon. The particulars are promised us to morrow.
We would now inquire, whether this is one of those blessed fruits, which were to be produced in such abundance by that most wise and sagacious of all regulations called the non-importation act. Before the passage of that law Great Britain appeared to have some vestiges of respect for this country still remaining, and we were every day told, that, according to the representations of Mr. Munroe, a speedy and equitable adjustment of all our differences might be expected. From the moment that the passage of that law was known in England, all those promising hopes have vanished into thin air. After all the declamation, which had appeared in the American papers against the conduct of Great Britain; after the high tone which was used in the message of the president at the opening of the session of congress; after the war speeches, which resounded within the walls of the hall of representatives, and echoed to the remotest corners of the United States, and even across the Atlantic; and finally, after the truckling land-buying policy which was adopted with respect to France and Spain; that all should wind up with such a pitiful piece of spite against Great Britain was enough to bring upon us the contempt of all the world, and was directly calculated to invite increased injuries from that power to whom we had shown this petty resentment at the very moment of proclaiming, in effect, that we either could not or durst not adopt any measure of efficient opposition.
Rotation in office. —It turns out to be true, as we intimated several days ago, that Mr. Swartwout, the marshal of the district of New-York, has been removed from his office since the trial of Smith and Ogden, and Peter Curtenius has been appointed in his place.
We pretend not to speak of cause and effect in this business. We do not learn, indeed, that any cause whatever has been assigned for this unexpected change. There are, however, certain facts which we may venture to mention.
It is a fact, that not long since, a federalist, against whom no fault was alleged, except political heterodoxy, was removed from the office of marshal to make room for Mr. Swartwout, who was then exactly of the right political sect.
It is a fact, that when the administration were hard pressed by a certain foreign ambassador, relative to their knowledge and approbation of the Miranda expedition an order was issued by government, to institute state prosecutions against Messrs. Smith and Ogden, and before any inquiry could be had, col. Smith, as though already proved guilty, was removed, from a profitable office.
It is a fact, that the judge to whom the orders of government were issued, executed these orders in a very extraordinary and unprecedented manner, confining the accused in solitary apartments, denying them the benefit of counsel, and even the advice of their friends, and compelling them upon pain of imprisonment, to become witnesses against themselves.
It is a fact that the juries summoned by Mr. Swartwout to try the accused were not packed, but were, as it by design, composed of disinterested and impartial men of the different political parties in that state, although it was the opinion of some that the government had much at heart the conviction of the accused.
It is a fact that Mr. Swartwout was summoned as a witness on the trial, and that his testimony was not satisfactory to some of the most zealous friends of the administration, as may be seen by the American Citizen, in which it is stated, "Mr. Swartwout's testimony was a continued hesitancy between indistinct information and unknown things. He hemmed and hawed—he recollected immaterial things, but had forgotten whatever might be material—he doubted and he did not doubt—he knew and he did not know, &c. Smith had once or twice told him that Miranda had said that government knew of the expedition," &c. &c.
It is a fact that the heads of departments were subjected to attend the trial, in order to testify what they knew in continuation of the conduct of the accused; but they declined attending, it having been specially signified to them by the president that their presence at the scene of their official duties could not be dispensed with.
It is a fact, that a judge of one of the United States' courts, lately appointed by Mr. Jefferson, was called from a neighbouring state and employed by the government as counsel against the accused.
It is a fact, that after all this upon a fair and patient trial, Messrs. Smith and Ogden were honourably acquitted.
It is a fact, that the intelligence of the acquittal had scarcely reached Washington, when Mr. Swartwout was removed from office, and a successor appointed.
It is not for us to say, the world can judge, whether these facts have any connexion with each other. If they have not, it becomes the friends of the administration to account for them upon other grounds, lest suspicion should attach and varnish the fair fame of our upright and virtuous executive.
From the Boston CENTINEL.
MIRANDA.
In a late English paper ( Bell's Messenger ) we find a lengthy article on the character and views of Gen. Miranda. Our readers have been furnished with the more prominent parts of the character of this distinguished adventurer; but the following extracts, contain, we believe, a course of remark and observation, that will not be read with indifference.
"But what is the effect of the present system of government in Spain, which is decidedly arbitrary —a government, whose fundamental principle excludes all, but the privileged class, from the offices and honors of the state:—What we say, is the effect of this system upon the other orders of the people? Why simply, that having nothing to look to as a reward, they have no spur to any exertions. There is no effort in the absence of emulation, and no excellence in the absence of effort. The whole mind of the state is palsied: the great remain in indolence, because they can attain the ordinary objects of desire without exertion, and the lower classes will not toil, where their toil will not raise them from their destined obscurity."
"Such is the condition of the Spanish monarchy at this moment, with regard to the production of those eminent men whose aid it so much requires in this season of need. Will it not appear almost a paradox to say, that Spain can only be preserved by a revolution? yet it is only by this event that her latent powers can be called forth,—that the dormant and not extinguished spark of her former national character can be re-animated. The season of peril and high reward will call this spirit forth. The necessity of the time will shake off those who are inferior to its demands. Rank and place,—the slaves of a court or a minister,—the generals of parade,—and admirals ex officio , must then retire, and make room for merit of more efficiency."
"The monopoly of Spain, and the regulations to which, in common with every other parent country, she has subjected her colonies, has long hung a heavy yoke upon the necks of the colonists. The weight of this yoke has not been alleviated by the sense of the superiority of the mother country. The colonists have not the consolation that their servitude is the tribute for their protection:—as incapable of protecting as governing them, the mother country hangs a dead burthen upon her colonies. Like Anchises, in the fable, she is supported on the back of her children, but her children, unlike Aeneas, are not much pleased with the weight. In the language of the same fable, travestied, "they care not how soon they shuffle off the Old Woman."
"Thus is it at present, and thus has it long been with Spain and her Colonies.—Her claim to their monopoly must be urged upon her former services, and not upon her present protection. But it is the persuasion of the colonies that this debt of former protection has been paid off by former servitude, and that the service of protection having ceased, the colonial redditus, the monopoly and subjection, should cease with it. In a word that they should be no longer subject to a power, which can neither give them an intercourse of commerce to mutual advantage in peace, nor probable protection in war."
"The Independence of North America gave birth to these principles—the French Revolution has confirmed them. South America is now restrained within her obedience by two bars only—a very weak military force, and a militia already corrupted, being in fact the country itself."
"It was in this situation that General Miranda conceived his design of effecting his favorite purpose."
"He promised Mr. Pitt that with 10,000 men he would scour South America, and effect her independence. Mr. Pitt listened to him, but there were two impediments, the state of our armies, and the positive refusal of Gen. Miranda to have any thing to do with the expedition, if he were not at least second in command. There was indeed a third—a doubt as to the policy of throwing Spain into the already overwhelming monarchy of France. If France hesitated to incorporate Spain, it was in the apprehension that England would immediately seize her colonies. If the colonies were become independent, Spain would in the same instant become a province of France."
"Gen. Miranda, however, received certain promises, which, had the late Minister lived, would have been fulfilled. Mr. Pitt had a great mind, he was not to be daunted by inconsiderable dangers. We are persuaded that his views were latterly directed to Spanish America, but we cannot say that he intended to act as subordinate to the designs of Miranda."
"What has been the subsequent course of Miranda?—He had a mind above servility; he accordingly adopted the singular purpose of attempting this boundless enterprise, the conquest of half a world upon his own single resources."
NEW-YORK, August 20.
Late arrival. —We have seen a number of letters and prices current from Liverpool, to the 1st of July inclusive, received this forenoon via Boston, by the regular trading Packet, capt. Scott. In the margin of one of the Prices Current, we find the following remark: "Reports have lately been circulated, stating that a negotiation is now carrying on between this country and France, for the purpose of bringing about a peace, and the public funds have advanced 3 or 4 per cent. on the strength of this opinion."
We understand, that, yesterday at noon, William Duane, Editor of the Aurora , was committed to the Common Jail of this city, by order of the Mayor—

whether as a public nuisance or not, we have not heard. [Freeman's Jour.]
The following appeared in the Aurora of last Saturday morning.
HABEAS CORPUS.
As some solicitude has been expressed concerning the commitment of the Editor of this paper to prison on Thursday forenoon on a State Warrant, issued by the Mayor—we think it proper barely to state, that the Editor was brought up at five o'clock the same evening before the Chief Justice; when, the attorney general (M c Kean) being absent, the hearing was postponed to 3 o'clock on Friday evening (yesterday) and after hearing Mr. W. Franklin on the part of the Editor, and the attorney general M c Kean, on the part of the chevalier YRUJO—the chief justice postponed the decision on the habeas corpus to Monday next, at 10 o'clock in the morning.
The merits of the question it would be indecorous to discuss at this time—after the affair shall be decided, a statement of the whole transaction shall be given."
London, June 30.—The most important article in the Dutch papers is the speech of King Louis to their High Mightinesses the States General. It is too vague and general to merit particular observation. In this famous address, the annals of that once celebrated Republic, are studiously retraced and examined, and for what? Why forsooth for the purpose of declaring to the Batavians, that all their former struggles for liberty produced them neither freedom nor tranquillity, and that the day upon which a Corsican usurper usurped the sovereignty of Holland, was "the first day of the real independence of the United Provinces." The mind turns with disgust from such instances of unfeeling insult and irony.
The Dutch papers also contain several addresses from those pliant bodies, the Corporations of the different towns through which his Majesty passed on his way to his palace near the Hague. No doubt they were prepared by the Committee of Dutch renegades and traitors who have arranged the plan of the new Constitution. They are as nauseous examples of gross and disgusting flattery as any which have been offered by French or Italian servility to Bonaparte himself. But this is not the general feeling of the Batavians. By a gentleman arrived from Holland on Saturday, in the accuracy of whose intelligence we can place great reliance, we are informed, "that so averse are the people of that country to the Kingly Government, that they publicly execrate the name. Most of the officers are removed who were supposed to be partial to the former government. The sailors, who are most decided in their disapprobation of the new system do not hesitate to express it publicly. An additional quantity of liquor having been served out a few days ago, for the purpose of celebrating the accession of King Louis, they, to a man, refused to drink the health of the new Sovereign. With the exception of the French troops, by whom he is surrounded, and the few Dutch traitors whom he has gained over by caresses and places, King Louis has not a single friend in the country."
A neutral Captain, who left the Texel a few days ago, was present when the new colours arrived on board the ships of war on Sunday se'night. The crews were ordered to man the yards, and give three cheers in honour of the new King. Of six ships of the line, three only would perform this duty, and the officers did not seem desirous to press it.
From a London Paper.
Captain Wright.—The fate of this gallant officer ought to be known in every part of the civilized world. We should think ourselves dead to every feeling of justice and humanity, if we did not exert our efforts in exposing the unexampled barbarity in the French government, and the state of degradation to which the French nation must be reduced, when such enormities are committed and tolerated.
Our readers will recollect, that Captain Wright was confined to the Temple, in Paris, because his ship had conveyed some royalists to France. We need not appeal to the history of former wars, because the French have annihilated every vestige of precedent, and of solemn convention; but during the last, we took many of the ships that landed rebels in Ireland, and spies in Great Britain, we treated their commanders and officers as prisoners of war, who were exchanged, and had every privilege usually granted to brave men taken in combat.
Sir Sidney Smith was likewise in the
Temple. He was fortunate enough to escape; but had he lived to the reign of Bonaparte, he would have shared the fate of his brave countryman, Wright; because he would have displayed the same inflexibility of principle, the same attachment to his country.
The French government conceived that Captain Wright was in the secret of his government, and determined, that if he refused to become a traitor, he should perish a victim.—Desmarettes, Fouche's private secretary, ordered him to a final private interrogatory, to which he offered him a large sum of money and the rank of admiral in the French service, if he would divulge what he knew of the plans of his government, and of its correspondence with the disaffected in France. This spirited officer replied with indignation to these proposals; but as they were frequently repeated, with new allurements, he concluded with remaining silent. He was then told that the torture should restore him to the use of his voice. He was seized and laid on the rack. There he uttered no complaint, though instruments the most tormenting were employed, and pains the most acute were endured. When threatened that he should expire in torments, he said, "I do not fear to die; my country will revenge my murder, and God receive my soul." During the two hours of the first day that he was stretched on the rack, his left arm and right leg were broken, and his nails torn from the toes of both his feet. He was then placed under the care of a surgeon, during five weeks; but before he was perfectly cured, he was carried to another private interrogatory, at which besides Desmarettes, Fouche and Real were present.
The minister of police now informed him that, from the mutilated state of his body, he must be convinced, that it was not the intention of the French government ever to restore him to his country, where he might relate events which the policy of France required to be buried in oblivion; he therefore, had no choice between serving the emperor of the French, and perishing in prison. He replied that he was resigned to his destiny, and would die, as he had lived, faithful to his king and country.
The man in the full possession of his mental qualities and corporeal strength, is generally different from that unfortunate being whose mind is enervated by sufferings, and whose body is weakened by wants. For five months, capt. Wright had seen only jailors, spies, executioners, fetters, and racks; his food had been bread, and his drink water. He who thus situated, preserves his native dignity, and innate sentiment, is more worthy of monuments or statues, than the legislator or the conqueror.
Capt. Wright was again stretched on the rack, and what is called by the French regenerators, the "internal torments," were inflicted on him. After he had been pinched with red hot irons, brandy and gun powder were poured into his wounds, and set several times on fire, until his flesh was nearly burnt to the bones.—In the convulsions, the consequence of these sufferings, he is said to have bitten off a part for his tongue; but still no groans were heard.—As life remained, he was again placed under the care of a surgeon; and a spy, in the dress of a Protestant clergyman, presented himself, as if to pray by him. This offer he accepted, but when this man began to ask some insidious questions, he cast on him a look of contempt and never spoke to him again. At last, every method to obtain information from him proving ineffectual, a mameluke strangled him on his bed. Thus expired a hero, whose fate has excited much compassion, and whose character has received more admiration, even in France, than any of the great men who have fallen fighting for the mighty Napoleon. Captain Wright has diffused new rays of glory on the British from his dungeon and from his tomb.
If any thing could equal the barbarity of the deed, it is the barefaced impudence with which the French government acquainted the world with his death. We extract the relations from the Star of November 1, 1803, as translated from the Gazette de France: "Capt. Wright, of the English navy, a prisoner in the Temple, has put an end to his existence in his prison, after having read in the Moniteur, an account of the destruction of the Austrian army!"
This atrocious act may, to some of our readers, appear incredible. The writer, on whose authority we state most of the particulars, thus explains the means of his knowledge:—Captain Wright was attended by a surgeon of the name of Vaugeard, who gained his confidence, and was worthy of it. For causes easily
conceived, he survived his patient only twelve hours: during which he wrote the shocking details, and sent them to three of the members of the Foreign Diplomatic Corps, with a prayer to have them forwarded to Sir Sidney Smith, or to Mr. Windham. From one of those ministers I have obtained the original in Vaugeard's hand writing.
MARTINSBURG, August 29.
The Editor of this paper again asks, tho' reluctantly, for payment from all who stand indebted to him: He is aware that the general scarcity of cash, is unpropitious to his request, but his situation is such that the demand cannot be postponed. The season has arrived when it is necessary to lay in a stock of paper for the winter, and that stock cannot be procured without cash; he therefore hopes that such as can pay him in money, will do so as soon as possible—Any kind of grain will be taken, at the market-price, from those who cannot discharge their debts otherwise—He has a number of debts due him, from three to seven years, which he expects will be very shortly closed, by giving notes, if they cannot be paid off.
Having met with nothing equally interesting we have devoted a portion of our present number to the publication of a very extraordinary paper relative to a project for a division of the union. The writer of this paper is a Mr. John Wood, who resided in New-York, and was the author of "the history of the administration of John Adams," the suppression of which, by Col. Burr, a few years since, made a great noise. This "history" Wood himself afterwards acknowledged was a mass of falsehood imposed on him principally by Duane. The accuser and the accused in the present instance, being all democrats are undoubtedly better acquainted with one another than with the federalists, and are therefore entitled to more credit. Besides, we have heard of the "Kentucky Association" from another quarter than Mr. Wood's "history" of it, and from the character of Gen. Wilkinson and easy contradiction Wood's statement will admit of should it be untrue, we are induced to believe the principal part of it. But should only one half be true, it must be granted by all, what has long been urged by many, that Gen. Wilkinson is a very unscrupulous person to exercise the two very important offices he now holds. [Fred. T. Herald.]
From the New-York Herald.
Case of Mr. Selfridge.—We observed with mingled emotions of indignation and astonishment, a partial statement in the Boston Chronicle of yesterday, of the evidence before the Coroner; and an attempt to excite public prejudices against a man who is to be tried for his life. This paper represents Selfridge as taking a pistol from his pocket and shooting Austin through the heart, after which Austin struck him with a small stick which he had in his hand; that then Selfridge threw the pistol at Austin's head, and after all this, beat him with the stick as he lay on the pavement, till some person came up and prevented him from proceeding any further. The following letter from a Philadelphia paper gives a much more rational account, and considering that Mr. Selfridge is a lawyer and supposing him to be possessed of his senses, this account carries internal evidence of its incorrectness on the face of it.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Boston to his friend in Philadelphia.
"Boston, August 4.—A very unfortunate affair took place on the Exchange to day. In consequence of a dispute between Mr. Selfridge, a lawyer, and Mr. Austin, the loan officer (and supposed editor of the Chronicle,) and the latter refusing to give satisfaction, the former posted him in the paper of this morning. The son of Austin, a senior at college, aged 18, went on 'Change to call Selfridge, who, knowing the intent, and being of very weak bodily strength, took a pistol in his pocket.—The attack was made by Austin—one stroke or more, was struck, and Selfridge having retreated and warned Austin to desist, A. continuing striking and following S. for a minute perhaps, when he fell and expired. Selfridge surrendered himself, and is now in jail—his skull it is feared is fractured by the blows he received. Although the dispute was merely personal, yet the parties being of opposite politics, it will be made a party question, and will serve to increase, if possible, party rage."
Land for sale.
AGREEABLE to the last will and testament of William Henshaw, Esq. dec. will be sold a Farm, (called Springfield) containing about 600 acres of valuable lime-stone land, late the property of said Henshaw, dec. situate in Berkeley County, Virginia; more than 300 of which is cleared and under good fence, the residue well clothed with timber; about 12 acres in meadow, which can be watered, and much more can be made. The improvements are a large and convenient stone dwelling house; stone spring house, with good lime-stone water running through it, within 12 feet of the kitchen door; smoke house; barn; stables; with other necessary buildings for the convenience of a farm. About 120 yards across the creek stands the GRIST and MERCHANT MILL, with two pair of stones in her, one pair of burrs, and two water wheels; and near the mill is a house for the reception of a miller—Also, a large Stone Still House, with tubs, &c. and constant overhead water. About half a mile below at a separate dam, are a Saw and Fulling Mill, with a log dwelling house; and two lime-stone springs breaking out of the side of the dam. These mills are built upon that well known creek, for its constancy called Mill-Creek, which runs through the above land. One fourth of a mile above the merchant mill is a double log house, kitchen, barn, &c. and a never failing lime-stone spring within 40 yards of the door. Three other log buildings and a smith shop, suitable for tradesmen. There are four bearing apple orchards, containing about 600 trees of excellent fruit, and a sufficient number of other kinds of fruit. It will be sold altogether, or in two or three tracts, as may best suit the purchaser or purchasers. This property is situated in a rich and fertile settlement, and not inferior to any in the county; about 12 miles from Winchester, 10 from Martinsburg, 1 from Maj. Stephenson's stone tavern, and 18 from Potomac, where the produce may be carried to market to George-town, the city of Washington or Alexandria. We deem it unnecessary to give a further description of the property. Any person wishing to purchase will please call upon the subscribers living on the premises, who will shew the property and make known the terms.
Also for sale by the subscribers, three hundred acres of Land, lying in the county of Monongalia, adjoining lands of Anthony Sell, on Sillwell's Creek, a branch of the Canawa.
Also, four hundred acres of Land, lying on Salt Lick Creek in said county. LEVI HENSHAW and } Adm's. HIRAM HENSHAW, } August 29, 1806.
N. B. A good Fuller is wanted to attend the above fulling mill. He will be hired or may have it upon a moderate rent.
New Fulling Mill.
THE subscriber respectfully informs his friends and the public, that he has removed from Edward Beeson's Fulling Mill to his own property within sight of Darkesville, (or Buckles-Town) 7 miles from Martinsburg, on the road to Winchester, where he has erected a new Fulling Mill, and intends carrying on the business in all its variety. He has two Stocks ready for business, with water sufficient to work them both; he is also furnished with every thing necessary to carry on the business, and hopes he will have it in his power to give general satisfaction. For the convenience of customers living at a distance, he will receive cloth at Edward Beeson's mill, or Wm. Long's store in Martinsburg, and return it there when dressed; he will attend at those two places every week, to receive and return cloth, which will be taken particular care of, and orders left with the cloth punctually attended to. His Fulling Mills are built after the most approved European patterns, and by complete workmen. He informs the public that Edward Beeson's Fulling Mill is broke up, and no fulling will be done there in future.
JONATHAN WICKERSHAM. August 23, 1806.
ORDERED that the annual meeting of the Overseers of the Poor be on the 20th of September next, at the Poor-House in Martinsburg; all those concerned are desired to attend at 10 o'clock.
By order of the Board, ROBERT COCKBURN, C. Q. R. August 25, 1806.

Sale of Land.
TO be sold on the 30th day of October next, a Tract of first-rate limestone Land, the property of Michael Pultz, dec. containing two hundred and thirty-five acres, lying about three miles from Smithfield, Jefferson County, Virginia. The improvements are a good Dwelling House, with convenient Out-houses, and a good Barn; also, a number of excellent Fruit-Trees of various kinds. The terms of sale will be made known on the day; and a good title made to the purchaser. Due attendance will be given by
NICHOLAS SCHALL } Ex'rs. and HENRY SYBERT, August 22, 1806.
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust from Francis Tillet, I will offer for sale on Thursday the fourth of September next, at 11 o'clock A. M. on the premises, for cash, part of LOT number 22, in Charles-Town, with a two-story Log House on the same, at present occupied by Charles Fouke.
DAVID HUMPHREYS. August 22, 1806.
TAKE NOTICE
IT has heretofore been a practice, with some ill-minded persons, not only to carry off the old wood from my land near this town, but also to take away the cord wood: This is therefore to inform such persons, that I am determined to prosecute them to the utmost extent of the law, if again found in this unwarrantable conduct—and I will give a reward of five dollars to any person who will give information against them, so that the thief may be convicted.
VALENTINE ALE. Martinsburg, August 22, 1806.
FOR SALE, A TRACT OF LAND, containing about 900 acres, one half of which is cleared, the balance well timbered; and a considerable quantity of well watered meadow. On the premises is a good Merchant Mill and Distillery, on a never failing stream of water, and in sight of the Potomak river. This tract can be divided into several different tenements, with a Dwelling House and Barn to each; it is of the first rate limestone quality; and is situate in Berkeley County, Virginia, on Potomak river, 10 miles from Martinsburg, 8 from Williamsport, and 15 from Mercersburg. This land will be sold together, or divided into two tracts, as may best suit the purchaser. A good bargain will be given to a purchaser, in the mill and one half the land, on paying about two thirds of the purchase money in hand. For terms apply to the subscriber on the premises.
GEORGE NEWKIRK. April 18, 1806.
Cheap Goods.
THE subscribers respectfully inform their friends and the public generally, that they have just received from Philadelphia and are now opening a handsome assortment of GOODS which have been purchased at very reduced prices, and selected with care from the latest arrivals; they can recommend them to their friends and all those who wish to purchase Goods on reasonable terms.
They have also on hand a large assortment of SUGARS, COFFEE & RICE , Port, Sherry & Lisbon WINES , French BRANDY , West India SPIRITS and RUM ; together with a large quantity of Old Maryland WHISKEY , of a superior quality to any that has been offered for sale in Martinsburg for a considerable length of time: all of which will be sold uncommonly low for cash or approved of country produce.
THOMAS NEILSON & Co. Martinsburg, May 30, 1806.
BOLTING CLOTHS.
JUST received an extensive assortment of best warranted BOLTING CLOTHS , of every description, which will be sold unusually low, by KENNEDYS & RAGAN. Hagers-town, June 5, 1806. [1y]
Now Opening.
THE subscribers respectfully inform their friends and the public in general, that they are now opening a very large and most excellent assortment of Fresh Goods,
of every description—which having been bought very low, they can recommend them to their friends and all those who wish to purchase CHEAP GOODS —Among which are a great variety of RICH FANCY GOODS ; gentlemen's nice imported HATS , Imperial Willow Sheets; home-made twilled Bags; Flax; BAR-IRON ; Crowley and Blistered STEEL ; real good Soap and Upper LEATHER ; Stone, Glass, Queens, China and Tin WARE ; PAINTS ; Patent and other MEDICINES —All which they are positively determined to sell very cheap for cash or approved of country produce.
JAMES & JOHN LANE. Shepherd's-Town, August 1, 1806.
N. B. They continue to give the highest price in cash for Hides & Skins.
They earnestly request all those indebted to them, and whose bonds, notes and accounts are due, to discharge the same before the 20th of September next: as the request is reasonable, they hope none of their friends will be backward in complying, as no longer indulgence can or will be given.
F. NADENBOUSCH, & Co.
HAVE just received, in addition to their former stock, a very handsome assortment of
Choice Goods,
almost of every description, suitable to the present season. Those Goods have been selected with care from the latest importations; and they are satisfied on particular examination will give satisfaction to the purchaser both as to cheapness and quality—to be had for cash, country produce, or on the usual terms of credit to punctual customers.
Martinsburg, June 20, 1806.
Jefferson County, ss.
May Court, 1806.
John Roberts, Complainant, against Allison & Giger, and Benjamin Bell, Defendants.
In CHANCERY.
THE defendants, Allison & Giger, not having entered their appearance agreeable to an act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that they are not inhabitants of this commonwealth, upon the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants, Allison & Giger, do appear here on the second Tuesday in September next, and answer the complainant's bill, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Berkeley and Jefferson Intelligencer for two months successively, also published at the front door of the court house of the said county for the same length of time.
A Copy. Attest, GEORGE HITE, c.j.c.
THE subscriber has recently received and is now opening an extensive assortment of the most fashionable EUROPEAN and INDIA MANUFACTURES , of the first textures and most permanent qualities; also, a large and general assortment of almost all kinds of GROCERIES of the best quality; the whole of which he flatters himself he may with propriety recommend to his friends and customers in particular, and to an impartial public in general. Any further recommendations are considered unnecessary, as the only criterion by which the most reasonable terms are known is by inspection only.
He has also received a handsome assortment of BAR-IRON , Strap ditto, Crowley and Blistered STEEL , SICKLES , and Waldron's highly approved of SCYTHES assorted.
THOMAS C. SMITH. Martinsburg, June 13, 1806.
Superfine Flour for sale by the barrel.
NOTICE.
ALL those indebted to the subscriber are requested to make payment on or before the first day of September next. All those failing to comply with the above request, may depend on their obligations being lodged in the hands of Eliasha Boyd, Esq. for collection, without respect to persons.
JEREMIAH EVANS. Martinsburg, August 13, 1806.
DR. REES'S NEW CYCLOPÆDIA.
WE have just received the 1st number of the above work, and request those gentlemen who have subscribed for it to call immediately for their books.
Those who feel a desire to procure this great and highly valuable work, had better avail themselves of the present time, as the price will be considerably augmented after the 1st of November next.
We have now a specimen of the work for their inspection, and have the testimony of the first literary characters in England and this country, in its favour. And we think it but fair to say, that, the paper is of excellent quality, and the printing is in the first style of elegance. The embellishments are of a very superior description, and will form, when completed, an incomparably more elegant and correct set of scientific and other plates than has ever been produced.
Intelligencer-Office, August 15, 1806.
FOR SALE, A FULL SET OF DOBSON'S EDITION OF THE ENCYCLOPEDIA.
Apply at the office of the Intelligencer .
WILL be sold at public sale, on the first day of September next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, at the dwelling house of the subscriber, one mile from the mouth of Back-Creek, Milch Cows, young Cattle, about one hundred head of Hogs, and Household and Kitchen Furniture. Credit will be given to the first of May next, for all sums above five dollars; and attendance given by RICHARD MORGAN. August 15, 1806.
Jefferson County, ss.
July Court, 1806.
Abram Davenport, Complainant, against James Starky, Cyrus Saunders, and William McGuire, Defendants.
In CHANCERY.
THE defendant, James Starky, not having entered his appearance agreeable to an act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth, upon the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendant, James Starky, does appear here on the second Tuesday in October next, and answer the complainant's bill, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Berkeley and Jefferson Intelligencer for two months successively, also published at the front door of the court house of the said county for the same length of time.
A Copy. Attest, GEORGE HITE, c.j.c.
THE subscriber takes the liberty of informing his friends and the public, that he has removed to Alexandria, where he has taken a capacious WAREHOUSE , for the purpose of STORING FLOUR , &c. on terms that he hopes will meet general satisfaction.—As he intends to act in the BROKERAGE and COMMISSION LINE , he offers his services in those capacities, and pledges himself to act with the same due diligence that has gained him the approbation of the public. His rates for storing of Flour and selling it will be 6d. per barrel; that each person shall be entitled to his own Flour, or fresh Flour when called for—Tho' he will not purchase any Flour stored with him, unless in fault of other purchasers, as he thinks it inconsistent that buyer and seller should be comprised in one person—He will make advances on Flour stored with him, when it is accompanied with orders to sell within 60 days for cash; in that case 5 per cent commission will be charged, and the accustomed storage—No amount however inconsiderable, will be paid to waggoners or boatmen, chargeable to the Flour, unless per order of the proprietor. A. LINDO. July 21, 1806.
N. B. Every species of public stock, merchandise, lands, houses, lots, and vessels, will be bought and sold on commission. All orders from the country will be duly attended to.
CASH given for clean Linnen & Cotton R A G S, At the Office of the INTELLIGENCER .
JOHN ALBURTIS, Has it in contemplation, if sufficiently patronized, to print an elegant edition of
Addresses to Young Men,
By JAMES FORDYCE,
And for that purpose submits the following proposals to the consideration of all who feel for the welfare of the present and rising generation, whose happiness these Addresses are so admirably calculated to promote.
TERMS:
The above Addresses shall be printed with an elegant and entirely new type, on good paper, in a duodecimo form, and will contain about 500 pages.
They shall be neatly bound and lettered for $1 75—or $1 50 half bound, payable on delivery of the work.
They shall be put to press as soon as a sufficient number of subscribers are obtained, and finished without delay:
TO THE PUBLIC.
THE present publisher, as a member of that class of the community, to which this highly valuable work is addressed, recommends it particularly to his young brethren—but every person who feels for the good of his country, and for the welfare of society, he doubts not, will consider it a duty to patronize a work of this kind.
THE dispositions and manners of Young Men may be regarded as of the greatest consequence both to the present and future generations—An intercourse with those of worthy manners and dignified deportment, is evidently, much more efficacious in moulding the minds and directing the actions of others, than the highest authority, or the wisest example, of age. How deeply society will be affected, by the connections which Young Men shall form, and by the conduct which they shall hold, as they advance, it is not difficult to imagine; nor can it be necessary to prove, that, as the behaviour of individuals in their early days gives for the most part a turn to the rest, so from the character of our Youth in general, we may prognosticate favourably, or otherwise, concerning our own times, and those that shall more immediately succeed them.
THE above work, tho' more particularly addressed to, and intended for, the improvement of the minds of Young Men, inculcates principles that would add dignity to age,—and be ornamental to the nature of either sex. To persons acquainted with the author and his writings, any recommendation that could be offered, would be superfluous; but to those unacquainted with both, it may be proper to observe, that the work here offered, has stood the test of time and experience, and has been universally extolled by the virtuous of every sect and country where it has been read.
It would be a valuable present from a parent to a child, and for which they may expect remuneration in the rational improvement made in the minds of their progeny.
To complete this work, in a style that will do it justice, will subject the publisher to very considerable expense; but he doubts not but he shall be compensated for his expense and trouble, as every one will acknowledge, that the dissemination of books of this kind are an actual good to the community at large, and will therefore feel disposed to patronize it—for this purpose all who feel inclined to do so are invited to the Office of the Intelligencer , Martinsburg.
The following BLANKS , printed with NEW and ELEGANT TYPE, are always kept for sale at this Office: DEEDS, Common BONDS, CONSTABLE'S BLANKS, Promissory NOTES, &c.
MARTINSBURG, Berkeley County, Virginia; Printed and published by JOHN ALBURTIS.
TERMS OF THE INTELLIGENCER.
THE price of this Paper is two dollars per annum, one dollar payable at the time of subscribing, and one when the year expires. Distant subscribers pay for the whole year in advance. The price of Advertisements, to non-subscribers, is one dollar per square for three weeks insertion, and for continuance after that time 25 cents per week: Subscribers will continue to receive a reduction of one-fourth on their Advertisements.