The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-03-08 00:00:00

The PATOWMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
T U E S D A Y, MARCH 8, 1791.
[NUMBER 17 OF VOL. I]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
TO THE GOOD PEOPLE OF FREDERICK, BERKELEY, HAMPSHIRE, and HARDY.
ESTEEMED FRIENDS, THE season is approaching, when you will be called upon to elect a Senator for this District, and if life could last, I should continue to serve you with cheerfulness—but your prudence and attention is now necessary in making another choice. More than twenty-five years, the prime of life, have I devoted to your service, stimulated as I was, by a zeal for my country second to none, together with the uncommon marks of esteem conferred on me by the unanimous voice of these numerous and opulent Counties. More than fourteen years, added to the generous manner in which I had, preceding that period, been uniformly elected to the former legislature. A disposition thus affectionate, with a circumstance so peculiarly rare, demand my warmest thanks, which I offer with pleasure, and with a heartfelt consciousness that the rights of the people have at all times been very dear to me, whilst I now rejoice with them in the full enjoyment of a free constitution, and equal laws, which secure these rights, religious and civil. They, the People, have indeed delegated some powers very properly to Congress, which that honourable Body will no doubt exercise with great wisdom, prudence, and moderation, for the honour and real interest of the union; but all the members of the Federal Assembly being elective, the primary powers of government, the Majesty of the People, are by them retained, as they ought, and as sacred deposits, transmitted inviolate to latest posterity.—Our country, as a tender parent, claims the pious attention of every man of genius, as well as the people at large. May she continue to be revered with deepest regard, by her numerous patriot sons, and may they remain, as now, the most free and happy people, is the wish of their sincere friend,
R. RUTHERFORD.
BERKELEY COUNTY, February 15, 1791.
To be RENTED, for a term of years, A Blacksmith's Shop
With a set of TOOLS, advantageously situated for business, about five miles from WINCHESTER.—There is also a Log Dwelling-House, with a good Garden, nearly adjoining. For terms, apply to NATHANIEL CARTMELL, living opposite the premises, or the Printer hereof.
TO BE SOLD, On Friday, the 25th day of March, The Personal Estate of ANDREW CALDWELL, deceased.
Consisting of
Household Goods,
Horses, Cows, Hogs, Indian Corn, and Grain in the ground, where due attendance and reasonable credit will be given, by me,
SARAH CALDWELL, Administratrix.
ALL Persons having any just Demands against said Estate, are hereby desired to bring them in, properly attested, immediately, that they may be settled:—Likewise, those that are indebted to said Estate, are desired to make immediate payment, as no indulgence can be given by me, SARAH CALDWELL, Administratrix.
ADVERTISEMENT.
WHEREAS the subscriber, on the 21st day of June, 1788, purchased of a certain WALLACE REED a Tract of Land, for which he was to give him the sum of ninety-eight pounds, Pennsylvania currency, eighteen pounds of which he paid in hand, and gave his obligations for ten pounds each, payable annually on the 15th day of March—six of which bonds only are unpaid. And whereas I am informed, and have every reason to believe, that the said WALLACE REED cannot make me a clear and good title for the land, I hereby forewarn all persons from taking assignments of the said Bonds, as I am determined to pay no more until I am assured of the title.
JOHN SHANEYBERRY.
January 25, 1791.
Shepherd's-Town New-Church Lottery Tickets,
Sold at the Printing-Office hereof.
Foreign Advices.
D U N K I R K, November 19.
ALL kinds of grain are very plentiful throughout Flanders; our markets are low in price, and all exportations prohibited, yet the populace are not content, but foment daily insurrections. Indeed they will not permit any corn to be sent hence, even to other parts of France.
Two vessels loaded here for Bourdeaux, were suspected by the mob to be destined for some other country, on which a numerous band assembled, plundered a bilander, laden with wheat in the St. Omer's channel, and had nearly carried off the whole before the Mayor of Dunkirk could assemble the troops, with which, about five o'clock in the afternoon, he marched out by torch light, and carrying the red flag, proclaimed martial law. Had he not been supported by the whole regiment of Col. Genbral's infantry, and 600 national guards, the consequence might have been severely felt throughout the country.
They took fifty-five prisoners, men and women, whom they escorted to prison; but recovered very little wheat from the depredators. Fortunately no lives were lost; but many of the soldiers were severely wounded by the women who attacked them with safe-knives, &c.
L O N D O N, November 26.
If the people of Brabant be again brought under the yoke of Austria, they may thank that accursed spirit of Aristocracy, of which both Kings and people ought ever to be jealous.
The farce of paying homage to Van der Noot and Van Eupen will soon be at an end. The reign of fanaticism and tyranny, which for the last century trampled on the most sacred rights of mankind, verges towards its annihilation. No longer shall the Monks, with a sword in the one hand, and a crucifix in the other, excite the multitude to sedition; but the sincere well-wishers to their country will receive the Austrians with open arms, and swear allegiance to their lawful Sovereign.
It is easy to perceive that the intended paper currency will be the ruin of France. The success of the measure in America may be urged; but there is this difference between those two countries, that America was free from debt when she adopted the desperate resource, and of course had the better chance of being able to cancel her obligations:—France is involved in debt, the interest of which she cannot pay. Thus debt will accumulate upon debt, until a general bankruptcy must ensue.
A most singular and awful circumstance happened at Birmingham on the 2d inst. in the evening: two children, boys, the eldest not 12 years of age, having committed some fault, for which the father locked them up in a dark room until they would ask his pardon; they remained some time before either would make acknowledgment: at last the youngest did, but the other continued obstinate and sullen, and therefore was left by himself. The father had just got down stairs, when the headstrong child, in a fit of revenge, threw himself out of the window (which was three stories high) and was dashed to pieces.
On Tuesday the sailors at Shields became riotous, in consequence of a demand of having the same wages continued as during the prospect of war—and being refused, they will not suffer any ship to leave the harbour till they are satisfied.
It is said a Hermit has occasioned much agitation in Spain, where the government is alarmed at the slightest reference to revolution. "I have seen (said he) a white cloud ascending above the Pyrenees, & passing over them from north to south. It descended, spread over Spain, veiled the sky, as in a frightful night; it instantly dissipated, and a brightness and serenity returned, beyond any thing my eyes ever before beheld." He has been desired to explain his meaning—but he does not chuse to exchange his cell for a dungeon of the Inquisition.
Nothing, says a writer of no small merit, but a civil offence or crime, should exclude a citizen the privilege of suffrage in the appointment of Legislators; who are to determine on his happiness, and life. It is that circumstance which give attachment and public spirit to a whole people: the lands and riches of the country, may be divided among the few of its inhabitants. Suffrages and propriety have no more connection, than suffrages and nobility, or suffrages and military rank."
No society can enjoy permanent freedom, prosperity, or happiness, which is not formed, easily to express its will, or exert its force, to preserve all delegated powers within their limits. This is the firm, the eternal loss of political liberty.
Mr. Colquhoun, of Norfolk, is making a curious
experiment with six hundred acres of turneps. Three hundred broad cast, and three hundred narrow. The experiment is fairly to ascertain which is the best.
Among the variety of exotics at the last Bartholomew fair, was a wild Irishman who collected a much greater assemblage than all the other extraordinary animals exhibited there. The device used to complete this outré figure was this: an Irish coal-heaver, obtained from Wapping, was covered with tar , and rolled in cow's hair ; metamorphosed thus, they bound him with two strong iron chains to a post, and in this state shewed him to the gaping cocknies; who swallowed the bait—even with the hair on.
The above trick reminds us of a story of a tall Irish fellow who enlisted for a soldier.—The officers were pleased with his appearance, but had an idea that he was a deserter, and had formerly been in their corps; on interrogating him, Paddy told them—upon his soul he had never been a soldier, but to be sure, added he, "your Honors may have seen me before, as I was the tall woman at the Hay-market all last winter!"
A few days ago died at Dublin, Mansergh St. George, Esq. of a wound which he received in his Majesty's service in America, and of which the particulars are worthy of remark. At the battle of Germantown he received a musket ball in the back of his head; and though every effort of medical skill was tried, it could not be extracted. On opening the deceased's body, it appeared the ball had attached itself to a single membrane, which breaking, the ball immediately fell upon the brain, and occasioned the death of Mr. St. George, who is deservedly and universally lamented in that part of the country where he resided, his amiable qualities having justly endeared him to all who enjoyed the happiness of his acquaintance.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF FRANCE.
October 30.
Read a letter from M. de la Tour du Pin, late Minister of the War Department, giving an account of the tumults which lately took place at Besfort.
The officers of the regiment de Lauzun, Hassards, and the Royal Liegeois, it appeared, had sallied forth on the 21st instant, after dinner, and grossly insulted the Municipality and the Citizens of Besfort. From insults they proceeded to threats, and paraded the streets with their swords drawn, having a white handkerchief fastened to each by way of flag. They next encouraged the soldiers to rebel against the National Assembly, and against the Constitution.
Both the officers and soldiers ran about the town crying, Long live the King! the Nation to the devil! the Democrats to the lantern post! the Deputies to the gallows!
M. de Bouille, however had been so fortunate as to quell this tumult, and to re-establish tranquility, by causing the leaders to be arrested.
M. de la Tour, as deputy of the late Proprietary Colonel of the regiment of Royal Liegeois—M. Crimstein, Major of the same regiment—and M. Chalous, Aid de Place at Besfort, were ordered by the Assembly to be conducted to the prison of St. Germain, in Paris.
M. Voidel denounced the War Minister as having neglected his duty.
M. Foucault and M. Mirabeau entertained the Assembly with a most violent series of invectives against each other, and thus closed the sitting.
November 20.
Read a letter from the Directors of the department of Upper Garonne, denouncing to the Assembly the scandalous conduct of the Bishop of Mirepoix, and of several Canons, Rectors and Curates of Toulouse and its environs, who so far recommending and preaching to the people in favor of the new constitution, use their utmost endeavours to bring it into discredit.
Referred to the Committee of Inquiry and of Ecclesiastical affairs.
M. Nuot du Gencourt was also denounced to the Assembly for having written an incendiary libel, addressed to all the municipalities in the kingdom.
The administration of the Seine and Oise were introduced into the Assembly. They gave a shocking and most dreadful account of the situation of the lower class in these two departments. They informed the Assembly that out of 500,000 people, who inhabit the department of Versailles, 42,700, for want of employment, are absolutely starving!
These miserable objects, therefore, petition the Assembly that some relief may be afforded them, and that the miseries which they suffer in consequence of the new Constitution, may be speedily alleviated.
Referred to the Committee of Finance.
There followed a long debate on the re-union of the Territory of Avignon to the kingdom of France. At length a decree was passed exactly as it was proposed by M. Maribeau, expressed as follows:
"The National Assembly—having heard the opinions of its Diplomatic Committee and received

A petition from the people of Avignon, decreed that the King shall be requested to send some French troops to Avignon, with a view to protect the French Establishments in that country, and in concert with the municipality, to maintain the public tranquility; decrees, moreover, that the prisoners confined at Orange, shall be set at liberty."
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES.
MONDAY, February 14.
A Message was received from the President of the United States, by Mr. Lear, his Secretary, communicating the disposition of the Court of London, relative to entering into a commercial treaty with the United States; which was read, and ordered to lie on the table.
On motion of Mr. Madison, resolved, that a committee be appointed to bring in a bill to repeal so much of the act as imposes a duty on imported lead and on calicoes; and that Mr. Madison, Mr. Wadsworth and Mr. Leonard, be of the said committee.
On motion of Mr. Sedgwick, resolved, that a committee be appointed to bring in a bill to give effect to the laws of the United States within the State of Vermont, and that Messrs. Sedgwick, Benson, and Sturges, be the said committee.
A message was received from the Senate, by Mr. Otis, their Secretary notifying that they have passed the bill sent from this House, entitled, "An act repealing, after the last day of June next, the duties heretofore laid on distilled and other spirits imported from abroad, and laying others in their stead," with sundry amendments, to which they request the concurrence of this House.
TUESDAY, February 15.
The report of the Secretary of the Treasury, on the resolution of the House referred to him, respecting additional compensations to the loan-officers, was read. This report recommended a temporary allowance for the first year. It also states that clerks will be necessary in the loan-offices.
The message received yesterday from the President, relative to the want of disposition shewn by the court of London to enter into a commercial treaty with the United States, was read a second time.
After some debate it was determined that Messrs. Goodhue, Lawrence, Smith [S.C.] Bourne, Fitzsimons, Madison, and —, be a committee to take the subject of the message of the President into consideration, and report thereon.
The amendments returned from the Senate to the excise-bill were then read, and referred to a committee of the whole House, and made the order of the day to-morrow.
The Speaker, (at half after three) informed the House, that he had some private communication to make, which occasioned an order for clearing the galleries.
WEDNESDAY, February 16.
An engrossed bill for the establishment of offices, to dispose of certain public lands, was read a third time, the blanks filled up, and the bill passed. The principal blank (the price of the land) was filled up with 25 cents, hard money.
THURSDAY, February 17.
Mr. Sedgwick reported a bill for giving effect to the laws of the United States, within the State of Vermont—read the first and second time, and referred to a committee of the whole House to-morrow.
The order of the day being called for, which was to go into a committee of the whole on the amendments proposed by the Senate to the revenue bill,
Mr. Livermore moved that the committee of the whole should be discharged; this being seconded by Mr. Sherman,
Mr. Jackson objected to the motion, as contrary to the late rule of the House for committing amendments proposed by the Senate to bills. He adverted to the amendments, to shew, from their importance, the necessity of giving them a full discussion.
The question being taken, the committee was discharged.
The House then proceeded to consider said amendments, the principal part of which were agreed to; but the time did not admit of finishing the discussion this day.
SATURDAY, February 19.
Agreeably to the order of the day, the House again proceeded in the consideration of the amendments proposed by the Senate to the bill repealing after the last day of June next, the duties heretofore laid on distilled spirits imported from abroad, and laying others in their stead, and also on spirits distilled in the United States, and for appropriating the same; and, after some time spent, an amendment was proposed to the 6th section, limiting the compensation to the officers to two years, which passed in the affirmative, ayes 34, noes 20; a further time being spent, the further consideration of the amendments was gone through.
Several petitions were read and referred to the Secretary of the Treasury.
Mr. Smith (S.C.) gave notice, That on Monday next he should move that a committee be appointed
to prepare, and bring in a bill for the temporary regulation of the Post-Office.
On motion of Mr. Sedgwick, the House resolved itself into a committee of the whole, Mr. Boudinot in the chair, to take into consideration the bill giving effect to the laws of the United States, within the State of Vermont. After some time spent, the committee rose, and the chairman reported the bill, with an amendment, which was agreed to by the House. The bill was ordered to be engrossed, and read a third time on Monday next.
The House again went into a committee of the whole, Mr. Boudinot in the chair, the act regulating the number of representatives to be chosen by the States of Vermont and Kentucky; after some time spent, the committee rose and reported the bill without amendment; and, on motion, the bill was read a third time and passed.
MONDAY, February 21.
An engrossed bill, to give effect to the laws of the United States, within the State of Vermont, was read the third time, the blanks filled up, and the bill passed.
In committee of the whole, on the bill to compensate Capt. Joshua Barney, a motion for filling up the blank with 896 dollars, occasioned a considerable debate, and was finally negatived.
The committee then rose, and reported the bill to the House with a blank. A motion, for engrossing the bill, was also negatived.
Some private business occurring, occasioned an order for clearing the galleries.
TUESDAY, February 22.
An engrossed bill, to explain and amend an act, entitled, "An Act making further provision for the payment of the debt of the United States," was read a third time, and passed.
Mr. Sedgwick, of the committee appointed for the purpose, reported a bill to make further provision, in the law for collecting the duties on teas; which was read the first and second time, and referred to the committee of the whole House.
A message was received from the Senate, informing the House, that they recede from some, and adhere to others of their amendments to the bill laying duties on distilled spirits, &c.
In committee of the whole, on the bill supplementary to the act to incorporate the subscribers to the bank of the United States, Mr. Smith [S.C.] moved, that the first section of the bill should be expunged, and proposed the following in substance, as a substitute: That subscriptions for the bank should not be opened till the first Monday in July next, and that the first payment, in the six per cents of the United States, may be deferred till the first Monday in January next: This was agreed to.
A clause to prohibit any person, or body politic, except on behalf of the United States, from subscribing within three months from the said first day of July, more than — shares in one day, was agreed to.
A clause, proposed by Mr. Fitzsimons, enjoining the payment of the specific proportion of the subscription, at the time of subscribing, and subjecting the subscribers to a forfeiture of the said first payment, in case the subsequent payments are not made—was also agreed to.
Mr. Madison proposed a clause, in substance, making it optional with the subscribers to pay their subscriptions either in three or six per cents, both of the continental and assumed debt—the three per cents, at two for one of the six per cents; agreed to.
The committee reported these amendments to the House, which were adopted, and the bill ordered to be engrossed for a third reading to-morrow.
The enrolled bill, to regulate the number of representatives from the states of Kentucky and Vermont, was reported, and signed by the Speaker.
The amendments to the bill laying a duty on distilled spirits, &c. which had been disagreed to by the Senate, were taken into consideration. The first amendment to which the Senate had disagreed, respecting the limitation of the compensation of the officers to two years; they proposed a substitute, by which the provision was to continue till altered by law: After some debate, the question for agreeing to the amendment of the Senate, was negatived—Yeas 24, Nays 36. The House then voted to insist on their amendments.
A message was received from the Senate, informing the House, that they have negatived the bill determining the time of the next meeting of Congress; also communicating a vote of the Senate, in which they request the concurrence of the House, for transmitting to the President of the National Assembly of France, a resolution expressive of the sensibility of the legislature of the United States, at the very respectful attention paid by that free and enlightened Assembly, to the memory of Benjamin Franklin.
MONDAY, February 21.
In committee of the whole, on the bill making compensation to Clerks, Marshals and Jurors,
The committee discussed the several sections of the bill; which were so amended as to leave the compensations to arise altogether from fees: They then rose and reported the bill to the House; which further amended the same. The bill was then referred to a select committee of five, to report a table of fees.
Mr. Madison reported a bill to explain a clause in the Act making provision for the public debt—respecting the duty on lead and printed calicoes; which was read the first and second time, and ordered to be engrossed for a third reading.
TUESDAY, February 22.
Mr. Boudinot, from the committee appointed for that purpose, reported a bill supplementary to the act for establishing the Treasury Department; which was received and read a first and second time, and referred to a committee of the whole House to-morrow.
The committee appointed to consider and report whether any further provision is necessary to secure the due accounting for the monies expended in the department of war, reported a resolution, which was read and ordered to lie on the table.
On motion, the report of the committee to whom was referred the message from the President of the United States, of the 14th instant, was taken up for a second reading, and ordered to be referred to a committee of the whole House;—an adjournment being called, the House rose without referring the report of the committee.
Adjourned.
WEDNESDAY, February 23.
Mr. Goodhue moved to take up, for a second reading, the report of the committee on the President's message of the 4th instant; it was then moved that the report of the special committee be referred to the Secretary of State, and that he be directed to report to Congress the nature and extent of the privileges and restrictions of the commercial intercourse with foreign nations and such measures as he shall think proper to be adopted for the improvement of the commerce and navigation of the same; which was agreed to.
Mr. Smith presented a bill to fix the time for the next meeting of Congress, which was read a first and second time, and ordered to be engrossed for a third reading.
Adjourned.
THURSDAY, February 24.
On motion, ordered that Saturday next be assigned to consider the reports made to this House by the Secretary at War, and by committees, and that they be taken up in the order in which they were received.
Mr. Sherman, from the committee appointed for that purpose, reported a bill providing compensation to the officers in the several courts of the United States, and to jurors and witnesses; which was received and read the first and second time, and referred to a committee of the whole House to-morrow, and that 100 copies be printed.
Mr. Bourne, from the committee appointed for that purpose, presented a bill repealing so much of the act laying duties on goods, wares, and merchandise, as rates the rix-dollar of Denmark at 100 cents; which was received and read a first time.
An engrossed bill, fixing the time for the next annual meeting of Congress, was read the third time, and the blank therein filled up with "the fourth Monday of October next," and on the question—Shall said bill pass? it was resolved in the affirmative.
NEWBURY-PORT, February 1.
It is said that the notorious Benedict Arnold has a vessel now at Portsmouth, in New-Hampshire, loading with the raw materials of this country.
BOSTON, February 21.
Four hundred and seventy thousand, we are told, is the total number of inhabitants in this commonwealth, according to the census lately taken. Of course, at the next election of federal representatives, this state will have a right to send fifteen members to the Congress of the United States.
Saturday last Capt. Cobb arrived here in the Schooner Nancy, in 30 days from Martinico. Notwithstanding the various accounts of the restoration of tranquility in the French West-India Islands, we are authorised to affirm—that the disturbances there continue with aggravated fury.
BENNINGTON, (Vermont) February 7. The following was communicated by a worthy correspondent in the Indian country:
"Many of the Indians, in the late engagement with General Harmar, or rather the brave, but unfortunate, Mayor Wyllys, fought on horseback, and with a dexterity that would not have disgraced well-disciplined dragoons. Their horses were equipped with a bunch of bells hanging down the left cheek, and two narrow strips of cloth, read and white; and the Indians were painted read and black, and in such a manner as to represent the infernal spirits, perhaps, much more than the human species.—This most hideous and terrific appearance, added to the noise of the bells, and the flapping of the pendant strips of cloth, rendered them truly formidable to the militia-horse, which shrunk back at the very sight, and it was with the greatest difficulty any could be brought to the charge."
PROVIDENCE, February 3.
While we remark with pleasure, on the advantages resulting to the public from the new regulation, by the Post-Master General for conveying the mails from the seat of the general government, we cannot help regretting that the portmanteaus used in that business are so small, that News-Papers directed to Printers , are frequently excluded, and thereby the Editors of the public papers, at a distance from the capital, prevented the pleasure of presenting their readers with the latest proceedings of Congress. The more than usual number of public despatches, which weekly go with the mail, point out the necessity of enlarging the portmanteaus, in order to leave as much room as formerly for News Papers.—It is of the greatest importance to the general government,

that the people in all parts of the Union should have early and authentic accounts of the proceedings of Congress—and in no other manner can they receive such accounts but by a free and general circulation of News-Papers. By News-Papers thus being stopped, opportunities are given to those so disposed to misrepresent such proceedings—and fory are we to say, there are such dispositions in every part of the United States. Other substantial reasons could be given, were it deemed necessary, to shew that the Legislature of the Union ought, immediately, to give special directions to the officers by them appointed in the Post-Office Department, to attend punctually and faithfully to the forwarding and delivery of News-Papers—especially those published at the seat of government.
A L B A N Y, February 7.
We are informed that a mercantile house in Lansingburg has this season purchased, and taken into store, upwards of 30,000 bushels of wheat—and that Messrs. John Kane and Brothers have purchased, and have in store at Fort-Edward, between 12 and 16,000 bushels.
In this city wheat is on the fall: As an instance of which, we mention, one of our merchants having offered all he has in store (being no inconsiderable quantity) at 6s. per bushel, in cash—half in hand and the remainder at 4 months credit.
N E W - Y O R K, February 16.
The Printers at the Eastward, particularly at Providence complain of not getting News-Papers, so regularly as formerly, by the Mail. The Printer of the Providence Gazette (who is Post-master there), in his Paper of the 5th, says: "By the Mail, last evening, neither Philadelphia nor New-York Papers were received." The Printer of the United States Chronicle seems inclined to attribute this alarming failure to the size of the portmanteau, and regrets the impossibility of laying the proceedings of Congress before his readers so early as he could wish.
The respect and gratitude of the people of these United States, says a correspondent, must undoubtedly rest upon and abide with Mr. Williamson, of North-Carolina, for having suggested, in the Federal House of Representatives, the idea of a tax on News-Papers. Such a measure could not fail of having a direct and powerful tendency to promote peace and good order among the citizens of this extensive empire: For it is a truth too notorious to be denied, that news-papers have been promoters of all the commotions that have troubled the States for these twenty years last past, and it is their cheapness that has enabled them to do all this mischief. Hitherto it has been in the power of every ignorant plebeian to inform himself of the measures of government by means of a news-paper: From this superficial information he becomes wise in his own opinion, and takes the liberty of criticising upon and censuring the conduct of his superiors, and of those who are appointed to rule over him; and unless their proceedings are perfectly agreeable and right, according to his vulgar and uncultivated understanding, he grows discontented, and is ready to oppose the good and wholesome laws of the land. While this continues to be the case, we never can expect to be at peace among ourselves: But if Mr. Williamson's proposal should meet with that approbation it seems to deserve, those evils may then be obviated in future. For a tax of only one penny on a news-paper, although it could not be considered as an object in revenue, effectually would check the circulation of those vehicles of discord and dissention among the common people: None but the rich and better sort could afford to pay the advanced price, and though they might discover "something rotten in the state of Denmark," their good sense would not permit them to make use of that privilege, to perplex and abuse a government which had secured to them the exclusive enjoyment of it.
Another advantage, continues our correspondent, might eventually arise from the adoption of this tax: So great a capital would then be necessary for the publication of a news-paper, that most of the present Printers of them would be compelled to relinquish that branch of their business; and if the few who still continued to circulate them, should manifest an inclination to follow their old habits, of warning their fellow-citizens against danger, and founding an alarm whenever any measure is agitated wherein the rights and liberties of the people are concerned—it might, without much inconvenience to men in power, be made the interest of such seditious Printers to refrain from disturbing the peace of the community. A small gratuity, which might be placed to the account of secret services, would effectually answer this purpose.
Reports from Georgia say, that great confusion prevails on the frontiers of that state, owing to contents arising from the late treaty with the Creeks. General Wayne and Matthews, Esq. is said, are elected representatives to the next Congress, in the room of General Jackson and Mr. Baldwin.
February 17. Among the unfortunate slain, at Mankin-gum, by the Indians, January 2, were two sons of Colonel Stacy, New-Salem; a son of Major Ezra Putnam, and John Camp, of Massachusetts; Jonathan Fairwell, from New-Hampshire; Zebulon Troop, from Barre; William Jones, from Connecticut; Joseph Clark, from Rhode Island; and one Meeks, from Virginia, with his wife and two children.
P H I L A D E L P H I A, February 9.
A correspondent observes, that the act for incorporating the subscribers to the bank of the United States, is a measure of such universal utility, in re-
spect to the revenue, and the commercial intercourse, and accommodation of the inhabitants of every part of the Union, that its passage through Congress is really a subject of congratulation to every citizen of the United States. It was to be expected the subject would receive the sanction of the legislature, with a great degree of harmony, and finally passed both Houses by a very large majority—this expectation has been realized, and thereby the system of finance and revenue is rendered complete.
The state of Vermont will be an important member of the Union. Its length is 155, and its breadth 60 miles. Its soil is strong and fertile—is finely watered, and affords the best pasturage for cattle. The bulk of its inhabitants are hardy and enterprising emigrants from Connecticut and Massachusetts, and their descendants. No state in the Union affords a more efficient militia as many of their actions in the late war sufficiently testify; and there are nearly 13,000 men upon its militia rolls. The number of its inhabitants is estimated at nearly 100,000 and will therefore send there Representatives to Congress.
FEBRUARY 19. The inhabitants of France are said to be 25 millions and their national debt about 200 millions sterling. This sum if divided equally amongst them, will amount to 8l. a head.—Those of Great-Britain are computed at 8 millions of inhabitants—their national debt to 300 millions sterling: This equally divided among them amounts to 37l. sterling a head.—And those of the United States, to about 3 millions and a half of inhabitants—the national debt (including state-debts) about 18 millions sterling.—The sum equally divided, amounts to about 5l. sterling a head.
It is asserted that the Court of Great-Britain have refused to deliver up the Western Posts, or make any compensation for the Negroes taken from this country, unless the United States engage to make good all the debts due to their merchants.
The time of the dissolution of the first House of Representatives under the new Constitution, draweth nigh, and the public business moves with increasing celerity—Though the remaining period of the session is short, there is every prospect of finishing the most important subjects.—Some articles will, probably, lay over to the second Congress; but they will be taken up with the advantages of more popular information, and the light thrown on them by the deliberations of their predecessors.
While our unfortunate state is declining in reputation, it must give pleasure to every true federalist, to see the Congress of the United States rising in character both at home and abroad. The present session will be a memorable one.—The quantity of business already done in it, is very great, and though the debates have been long in some cases, they have been conducted with candour and liberality. May the names of the gentlemen who compose this Congress, be immortal in the annals of America!
G E O R G E - T O W N, February 16.
Accounts from the Musquito-shore say, that in some trivial dispute with a native Indian, a Spaniard stabbed him to the heart with a filletto, and then fled. The nation to which the Indian belonged, being made acquainted with the murder, sent a deputy to the Governor, demanding that five Spaniards should be instantly delivered up as an atonement. This was peremptorily refused, as being more than equivalent to the offence; but the murderer was offered as a satisfaction: The Indians would not accept him singly, and went off vowing the severest revenge. A few days afterwards intelligence was received, that the Indians had surprised and massacred 16 men, who had been at work in the woods; and when the vessel departed, the Spaniards were flying, with the utmost precipitation and terror, from all parts of the country, and seeking shelter in the forts.
B A L T I M O R E, March 1.
Extract from a London News-Paper of the 8th of December.
"The following is the gross Amount of the Expenses of the late Armament, as presented to the Honorable House of Commons, on Friday and Saturday, and are made up to the 11th of November—
  " Navy-Office, £. 2,465,521 8 5   " War Office, 224,017 2 5   " Ordnance Office, 301,476 3 7   "The Exchequer-Bills made out by virtue of an Act passed in the last Session of Parliament, for raising a certain Sum amounts to Three Millions Five Hundred Thousand Pounds.
"Money issued to Messrs. Neave and Aisblebie, for the Purchase of Provisions for the Troops in the East and West-Indies, in consequence of the late Armaments, £. 81,099 15 3."
Extract of a Letter from a Gentleman at Philadelphia to his Friend in this Town, dated the 24th Ult.
"This is the last Day the President can hold the Bank-Bill; and it seems to be now the prevailing Opinion that he will not pass it.—The Attorney-General of the United States has given his Opinion against the constitutionality of it; and it is said the Secretary of State is of the same Opinion—Upon this Ground, Gentlemen here conceive he will reject the Bill, although he would, perhaps, on no other."
The Patowmack-Packet, (printed at George-Town) of the 23d Ult. mentions, that, on the Day preceding, Mr. Ellicott finished the first Line of his Survey of the Federal Territory, in Virginia, and that he had crossed the River Patowmack, below the Little-Falls, on the second Line.
"The principal French Emigrants to Sciota, who
are at present at Buffalo-Creek, have been so wretchedly treated, and so unsuitably accommodated, from what they are led to believe was provided for them, that they are determined on coming to this place to spend some time."
We learn from Frederick-Town, that on the Night of the 10th Ult. the Dwelling-House of George Scott, Esq.; in that Place, accidentally took Fire.—The Violence of the Wind increased the Flames with such Rapidity, that, in less than an Hour, the whole Building was consumed—involving in the dreadful Conflagration two promising Sons of the unhappy Mr. Scott, the one a Lad of 14, and the other of 12 Years old.—Surely the Sigh of tender Commiseration will heave the Bosom of every Person, particularly a Parent, when reflecting on the agonizing Sensations of this fond bereaved Father!—Imagination can scarcely form an Idea of a Catastrophe more deplorable, in the Catalogue of human Calamities.
Message from the President—read in the House of Representatives of the United States, on Monday the 14th inst.
"United States, February 14. 1791.
"Gentlemen of the Senate and House of Representatives, "SOON after I was called to the administration of the government, I found it important to come to an understanding with the court of London, on several points interesting to the United States, and particularly to know whether they were disposed to enter into arrangements, by mutual consent, which might fix the commerce between the two nations on principles of reciprocal advantage. For this purpose I authorized informal conferences with their ministers; and from these I do not infer any disposition, on their part, to enter into any arrangements merely commercial. I have thought it proper to give you this information, as it might, at some time, have influence on matters under your consideration."
SHEPHERD's-TOWN, March 8.
Recent accounts from Kentucky, affirm, that no period since the settlement of that country, has produced such daring cruelties and depredations on the part of the Savages, as have been committed by them since the unfortunate defeat of General Harmar:—That the frontiers are thrown into the greatest consternation and danger:—And that, as a temporary relief, a body of Volunteers, composed entirely of inhabitants of that State, was enrolling, when our informant left that quarter, who were to march in the course of this month with a resolute determination to revenge the injuries they have lately suffered.
The inhabitants of the territory of Marietta, in consequence of the late attack near that settlement by the savages, having called a meeting to deliberate on the dangerous situation to which they were exposed, and to devise means for their greater safety, came to the following resolution:—
"Resolved, That the inhabitants of all the out-settlements be, and they hereby are advised to remove their women and children to the town of Marietta, as soon as possible; that such additional works as are necessary for the defence of the town of Marietta, one at fort Belle-Prairie, and another at Wolf-Creek mills, be immediately set about; and that Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant Sprout be requested to detach sixty privates, properly officered, for the defence of those forts."
By the latest advices from Philadelphia, it appears that Congress were to adjourn the 4th inst.
That clause in the Militia Bill, which exempted the Quakers from militia duty, it is said, has been negatived in the House of Representatives, by a small majority.
Jolley Ranter,
WILL cover Mares this Season,
AT the house of Mr. JAMES STRODE, 4 miles from MARTINSBURG, from the THIRD DAY of APRIL, to the FIRST day of JULY ensuing, at TWO DOLLARS cash, and one bushel of oats the single leap; or, FOUR DOLLARS, and one bushel of oats the season, payable the first day of SEPTEMBER; if not then paid, FIVE DOLLARS will be demanded—EIGHT DOLLARS and one bushel of oats will insure a colt. The JOLLEY RANTER is a beautiful BRIGHT BAY, about 16 hands high, full blooded, imported from GREAT-BRITAIN, and will recommend himself to good judges, without giving a long preamble of his pedigree. Good Pasturing may be had convenient, and care taken, by
JOSEPH M'DANALD.
N. B. Good Merchantable Wheat, delivered at Mr. EDWARD BEASON's Mill, at the Market price, will be received in payment for Mares brought for the season, if delivered by the first of September.
March 4, 1791.
6w
THIS is to forewarn any person or persons whatsoever, of purchasing, or taking an assignment of, any writing of any kind, from WILLIAM DUNCAN, against the estate of JACOB MORGAN, deceased, as the Executor is determined not to be answerable therefor.
RICHARD MORGAN.
March 7, 1791.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
THE AMERICAN SOLDIER.
[A Picture from the Life.]
DEEP in a vale, a stranger now to arms, Too poor to shine in courts, too proud to beg, He, who once warr'd on SARATOGA's plains, Sits musing o'er his scars, and wooden leg.
Rememb'ring still the toils of former days To other hands he sees his earnings paid; They share the due reward—be feeds on praise, Loit in th' abys of want, misfortune's shade.  Far, far from domes where splendid tapers glare, 'Tis his from dear-bought PEACE no wealth to win, Remov'd alike from courtly-cringing squires, The great man's levee, and the proud man's grin.
Sold are those arms that once on Briton's blaz'd, When flash'd with conquest to the charge they came, That power repell'd and FREEDOM's fabric rais'd She leaves her soldier—FAMINE, and a NAME! Jan. 22.
THE FAIR THIEF.
By the late Earl of Egremont.
I tell—and tell with truth and grief, That Betsy Stafford, is a thief.
BEFORE the urchin well could go, She stole the whiteness of the snow; And more—that whiteness to adorn, She stole the blushes of the morn; Stole all the sweetness Ether sheds On primrose-buds and violet beds. I tell—and tell with truth and grief, That Betsy Stafford is a thief.
Still to reveal her artful wiles. She stole the graces' likens smiles; 'Twas quickly seen the robb'd the sky, To plant a star in either eye: She stole Aurora's balmy breath, And pilfer'd orient pearl and teeth; The cherry dipt in morning dew, Gave moisture to her lips and hue. I tell—and tell with truth and grief, That Betsy Stafford is a thief.
These were her infant spoils a store— To which in time the pilfer'd more. At twelve, she stole from Cyprus' queen Her air, and love commanding mein; Stole Juno's dignity and stole From Pallas, sense, to charm the soul; She sung—the syrens all appear'd, And warbling, the stole all she heard. I tell—and tell with truth and grief, That Betsy Stafford is a thief.
She play'd—the muses from their hill Wonder'd who thus had stole their skill; Apollo's wit was next her prey; Her next—the beams that brighten day. Great Jove, her pilferings to crown, Pronounc'd these treasures all her own; Pardon'd her crimes, and prais'd her art, And to her day the stole my heart.
Cupid!—if lovers are your care, Exert your power on this fair; To trial bring her stolen charms, And let her prison be—my arms.
FROM THE BOOK OF ODDITIES.
Instance of Peculiarities in a Family.
THERE is now living at Newbury in Berkshire, a lady who is one of sixteen children by the same father and mother—Eight of whom were tall, and eight were short—eight were boys and eight were girls—eight were twins, and eight born singly—eight were fair, and eight were of a dark complexion—eight spoke French and eight did not—eight were good dancers, and eight could not dance at all;—and eight could sing well and play on some instrument, while the other eight had no musical abilities.
THE TWO LOVERS.
AN ANECDOTE.
AT the capture of the town of Oia, in the East-Indies, by the Portuguese in 1508, an officer of that nation, named Sylvania, observed one of the natives, of a noble aspect, escaping by a private
path, with a young woman of exquisite beauty. He ran instantly in order to secure them. The Indian did not appear at all apprehensive for his own safety; but after turning about to defend himself, he made a sign for his companion to fly. Her faithful lover, however, would not permit her to obey his injunctions. She resolutely refused to retire; assured her lover, that she would rather die on the spot, or be a captive with him, than to make her escape alone. Sylvania, affected by the bravery of the one, and the magnanimity of the other, gave them both liberty to depart; saying at the same time, to his officers and soldiers, "God forbid that my sword should destroy such noble and tender ties."
A LOTTERY.
   Pennsylvania Currency.     1 Prize, £. 516 0 0   1 ditto, " 275 0 0   1 ditto, " 150 0 0   1 ditto, a Horse, with new Saddle and Bridle, " 25 0 0   ditto, ditto, " 14 0 0   1 ditto, ditto, " 12 0 0   36 ditto, Lots, near 1 Acre, at 10l. each, 360 0 0 0 0   6 ditto, near 1 Acre, at 8l. 48 0 0 0 0   10 ditto, - 60s. 30 0 0 0 0   20 ditto, - 40s. 40 0 0 0 0   30 ditto, - 30s. 45 0 0 0 0   30 ditto, - 27/6 41 5 0 0 0   515 ditto, - 25s. 643 15 0 0 0   1 first Blank, a Saddle, " 2 10 0   1 last ditto, ditto, " 2 10 0   655 Prizes £. 2205 0 0   1305 Blanks, "   1960 Tickets, at 3 Dollars each, £. 2205 0 0  
TO THE PUBLIC.
EVERY person acquainted with LOTTERIES, cannot but perceive, that the above is framed and calculated, so as will, upon solid grounds, induce adventurers to purchase. Not TWO BLANKS TO A PRIZE; the lowest class of which are of value superior to the price of one ticket. That, with the consideration of such large prizes that will be drawn in a Lottery of such small amount. These, and the other prizes of Lands, are near the centre in MECKLENBURG, commonly called SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, or adjoining other Lots belonging to said Town. A sketch of the first or capital prizes, are as follow, viz. The highest prize contains a genteel Brick-House, forty-six feet long, and eighteen feet wide, in which there are three rooms neatly finished, with a kitchen and garret; also, a cellar under the same, 30 by 18 feet. Said House fronts New-Street, and the stream of water that runs through said town, runs under said building. The area of this prize comprehends seventy-one feet square.
The second prize is a Stone Malt-House, fifty feet long, and twenty-four feet wide, well finished, and the situation calculated for the business. Also, a Brew-House, thirty-six by twenty-four feet;—they are both under one roof, but separated below by said stream; at the lower end is a vacancy of ten by twenty-four feet.
The third prize consists of a Frame House, eighteen by sixteen feet, has a cellar under it, fronts New-Street, 33 feet, and thence runs with King-Street, 71 feet, which renders it a valuable corner.
For a greater convenience to the fortunate drawers of said prizes, there is an alley laid off, five feet wide, which runs across the lot, dividing the second from the first and third above-mentioned prizes. These landed and other property, prices will be found on examination to be estimated on very moderate terms. Upon the whole, the Subscriber flatters himself, that every candid enquirer will find, that the property, &c. exposed, is fully adequate to the sums required.
For the execution of this Lottery, the following gentlemen, Major HENRY BEDINGER, Capt. ABRAHAM SHEPHERD, and Capt. JAMES KERNEY, have been pleased to accept of the appointment of Trustees, to whom full power is granted, and them alone to sell and receive payment for the Tickets, and to give deeds for the landed prizes; also to pay off the others. Tickets signed by either of said Trustees, are and will be good to the adventurers, and may be had of either of them, and from such Gentlemen as the Trustees may please to appoint. These Gentlemen will appoint Managers to superintend the drawing of the Lottery, which will be in the house of Mr. BENONI SWEARINGEN, at his Ferry opposite SHEPHERD'S-TOWN. The time of drawing, and every other necessary information, relating to this Lottery, is wholly and exclusively left to the discretion of the said Trustees, by
THOMAS WHITE.
N. B. The Trustees will publish the time of drawing the Lottery, in the newspapers printed in the vicinity of this town.
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, February 18, 1791.
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN New-Church LOTTERY.
THE following is the SCHEME of a LOTTERY, to be drawn under an Act of the Honorable the Assembly of VIRGINIA, granting to the Trustees of the Congregation full power, by this method, to raise the sum herein proposed, for the purpose of completing their NEW MEETING-HOUSE in SHEPHERD'S-TOWN. Any of the Trustees who sign the Tickets, will be responsible to the fortunate adventurers, that the prizes drawn by them shall be paid in specie the next day after the Lottery is drawn—and that the drawing of it shall commence as soon as the Tickets are sold. There shall be in this Lottery
   1 Prize of 160 Dollars..... is..... 160   1 ditto of 80 ditto..... 80   2 ditto of 40 ditto..... 80   4 ditto of 20 ditto..... 80   8 ditto of 10 ditto..... 80   16 ditto of 5 ditto..... 80   50 ditto of 3 ditto..... 150   229 ditto of 2 ditto..... 458   The sum to be raised..... 832  
Dollars.....2000
1000 Tickets at 2 Dollars each, are.....2000
In this Scheme there is little more than two BLANKS TO A PRIZE, and as it was unavoidably set on foot for the most laudable purpose, so the most ample justice may be expected, and we flatter ourselves it will meet with encouragement from every good man. The Trustees will be considered as Managers—and Col. JOSEPH SWEARINGEN, Col. WILLIAM DARKE, and Major ABRAHAM SHEPHERD, will be requested to sit as Judges at the time of drawing—which time will be published 3 weeks before it commences, in the PATOWMAC GUARDIAN AND BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
JOHN KEARSLEY, JOHN MORROW, JOHN MARK, WILLIAM BUCKLES, LAURENCE VANDEVIER. } Trustees.
N. B. Tickets may be had from any of the Managers, and also from sundry other Gentlemen in the County.
To be sold, for a term of years, ONE HUNDRED ACRES OF L A N D, Or the one half of a Merchant-Mill.
Any person inclining to purchase, may know the terms, by applying to
THOMAS HALL.
Berkeley-County, January 20, 1791.
Edward O. Wilalims Most respectfully acquaints the Public in general, and his Friends in particular,
THAT he has recommenced the practice of PHYSIC and SURGERY in this town, living opposite Mr. Wyncoops.
Shepherd's-Town, January 24, 1791.
To be RENTED in CHARLES-TOWN, BERKELEY, THAT VALUABLE H O U S E,
Where Mr. JAMES HAMMOND now keeps Store. IT is well calculated for either Store or Tavern, and may be entered on the 1st. of April next. ALSO, that commodious HOUSE where Mr. PHILIP WELSH lives, opposite Mr. HAMMOND's Store. And a new finished two-story HOUSE, on the Main Street, fit for a genteel private family, or a tradesman. For particulars, apply to the Subscriber, near the premises.
WILLIAM CHERRY.
January 6, 1791.