The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg, Va.), 1774-01-13 00:00:00

Open to ALL PARTIES,
but influenced by NONE.
We would willingly oblige TATRVs with his favourite Greek motto; but as we have not, at present, any of those characters, it will be kind in him to excuse us. MRS. RIND,
THOUGH I have the great aversion to appear in public, I cannot forbear, when philosophy and science call aloud for assistance, in opposition to illiterate boasters and impostors. Notwithstanding I lay myself open to the low, keen invective, of many whose characters will be but too justly drawn, in regard to the practice of medicine, I doubt not but I shall have the concurrence of every noble and generous mind in the truth of my assertions and facts. How deplorable is it for learning and merit when men neither of genius, nor the least glimpse of the rudiments of literature, take on themselves so arduous a task! Men, ignorant both of art and science, unacquainted with the common received maxims of philosophy, anatomy, chymistry, materia medica, institutions, or practice of physic . Are either of these branches of science to be acquired, in perhaps an ignorant apothecary's shop, from a dispensatory? Surely not. How then does this pretended rude education (if it deserves the honourable name of education) entitle a man to practise medicine? Is it because they can administer a vomit, cathartic, or apply a blister? Are they acquainted with the histories of diseases, their distinction, or the action of medicines? Is it from beating a mortar, or the vast unbounded scope of their reading in a dispensatory? Some there are of a more liberal education, who, after serving some years in a shop, obeying the commands of their masters, to give such a one a vomit, clyster, &c. and in their leisure hours paying such sacrifices to favourite Gods, as Bacchus and Venus, which seem to whet their intellects preparatory for going to London, where they walk through the hospitals in a very solemn, pompous manner, with as much wisdom painted in their countenances as if their understandings were replete with solid judgment. There they receive the completion of their studies; the dawning of the spirit of medicine begins; now it gives them the most comprehensive views; just as anabaptists receive their religion, by inspiration, enthusiastic rapture, prophetic vision, and the like pretences; for on no other principles can I account for their judgment. Attend! They purchase a mere farrago of many useless medicines, and come over and insert in the public gazette, drugs both CHEMICAL and GALENICAL to be disposed of; at the same time ignorant of the meaning of the word chymistry, much more so its use; and, as to galenical, what mean they by this formidable word? Do they either understand Greek or Latin? If they do even understand the latter, it is in such a lame manner as not to capacitate them to read the plainest of that language. How then do they get an acquaintance with the works of Galen? I must refer it to the above principles; for I can find no other. In fact, there are few men who ever did read the works of Galen, and many pieces which are said to be his are spurious, nor indeed is there any necessity for an intimate acquaintance with his works, unless it is for a professor, who gives a history of the rise and progress of medicine, and the revolutions it has undergone by different sects. Since this is the case, how does the dispensatory tribe, and hospital walkers, get acquainted with Galen, or any work of improvement? They are already equipped; attend to their unmeaning jargon, which with vulgar minds passes for intrinsic knowledge and solid judgment. Nor indeed is this so much to be wondered at, as the human mind is captivated with novelty, and fond of mysteries which seem to wear the garb of truth. Many of those gentlemen, by an affected behaviour, a pretended gentleness and sympathy of manners, so engage the esteem of many as to pass for men of the highest ability. Is it possible that men, ignorant of the science they profess, who tamper with every constitution they can, who deprive families often times of persons on whom their happiness, their all, depend, should feel the softer emotions of humanity? To this it is replied, they do all they can—the best of men can do no more; and why should anxious care perplex them when they have discharged their duty? The excuse is poor indeed! for how happy would it be for the generality of mankind to trust to the kindly efforts of nature than be blindly led by persons as ignorant of medicine as themselves? Gentlemen who practise from instinct, or an interior impulse, opposing nature, and interposing the most ridiculous theories,
offsprings merely of the lowest imagination and most uncultivated reason, suggested by incoherent ideas which crowd upon their minds, and deduced from facts which never existed but in their own whim and caprice. We have lately had a gentleman in our colony, who professes himself an adept in the science of medicine, and particularly for the operation called the cataract; his advertisement begins in a very learned, pompous stile, from Horace: Qui visum, God, in the structure of so delicate and tender an organ as the eye, in the most pathetic language, suited to draw the attention of the vulgar, he goes on to mention his success in couching, without his failures, and his intended charity to indigent objects. Has he performed his promise? No! the perfidious traitor has drained the unhappy sufferers of their money with only momentary vision. Cannot the abuse of illiterate jargon and infamous imposture be expelled? With every generous mind it must; but the appearance of wisdom, with the vulgar, under a veil of mystery, will still be prevalent. Every natural philosopher, who is any way acquainted with vision, must view him in his native light. As to the operation of couching, where the chrySTALLINE lens are depressed below the vitreous humour, must it not appear that its detention there must depend on the state of viscosity or tenuity of that humour, which to the intended operator is entirely unknown. Should we not then prefer that of extraction, when we know, by experience, the operation to be less dangerous and more successful? If the lens, which often happens in couching, should get upon the entrance of the optic nerve, vision would still be obstructed, as it is by that organ that the picture of any object is represented to the mind. Besides, later observation evinces it to be the easiest and most effectual method of restoring vision, when the loss of it depends on a too great viscosity or opacity of the crystalline humour. With regard to some of our practitioners, how often do we see them, when called to a patient, give their diseases the most ridiculous, unmeaning names, as bilious gaol fevers, in language seemingly the most pompous, learned, and formidable! The former would incline us to imagine, by its name, the bile to be the cause of the disease.
If it would not cause me to spin out too great a length, I would mention every author who has the least weight in supporting such an erroneous opinion, and confute them from the most self-evident and undeniable facts. Surely if it was, the expulsion of it by purgatives would remove it; whereas we find a repetition of them pernicious, producing the utmost debility, incapacitating nature, to support herself under the disease. In cholera, where every person allows the bile to be the cause of the disease, the cause of the violent defecations and vomitings, is the fever primary, or of long duration? Here opiates, where the pain and spasmodic contraction of the stomach and bowels are great, the most lenient purgatives will effect a cure in two or three days, at most, if the violent action of vomiting has not brought on inflammation and gangrene. If the bile was the cause of true fever, why will not this disease continue a greater length of time? With as much propriety the yellow fever of the West Indies, the plague itself, may be termed a bilious fever, as what commonly goes under that denomination, which is only a variety of the Tertian type. Look at Monsieur Senac's treatise: " De recondita febrium intermittentium tum remittentium natura, &c. " (late physician to the King of France) who wants to establish the doctrine in the most positive terms; indeed, wants to force it upon us without fact, or the consultation of our own reason. After endeavouring to support the bile being the cause of the disease, he says " Qui hæc in nervis quæserit, otiosi potius speculatores, quam medici curationi intenti mihi visi sunt. " In a few pages afterwards, how dissatisfied is he with this bold and daring assertion, when treating " de frigore febrili. Non alii autem causæ immediate, quam nervis quadam occulta causa in motum actis, tribui potest affectus hic; patet id ex variis exemplis in praxi occurrentibus! " This term rather seems a veil for the ignorant, who will not apply themselves to discover the true forms of diseases, and of consequence, to know at what time proper medicines are to be administered. In most of those fevers termed bilious, we evidently see them begin in an intermitting form, when, by delay of the patient to call in proper assistance, or the impru-
dence of quacks, they are changed into remittants, and so, at length, into continual, when scarce a remission is observed, and again frequently decline into their original form. The most frequent type of fevers in this country are those of the Tertian tribe, particularly the tertiana duplex , of Le Leghorne, and other authors; and as the character of it is most justly given in Cullino Nosology, whose noble and towering genius nothing escapes, I shall here relate it: " Tertiana quotidie revertens, paroxismis inæqualibus, alternis similibus. " The Boerhaavians, who want to establish a compound cause of fever, one part of it producing the cold fit, the other the increased action of the heart and arteries, are plainly embarrassed, and Boerhaave, knowing the insufficiency of his doctrine, adds an " inertia vis nervæ ," which his commentator Vansevier endeavours to prove. As to part of Dr. Boerhaave's cause, the tentor or viscidities in the capillary extremities of arteries, producing cold fit, it never existed but in imagination; for where they supposed this to be the greatest, as in cullamatory fever and phlegmasiæ, Mr. Hewson, of London, late dissectors to Dr. Hunter, has proved to be in a greater state of tenuity. A difference of sentiment will always remain in a progressive science like medicine, and one so comprehensive. The bias of education will have its full force, and the difficulty of forming a new system; adapted to fact, will prevent the indolent and attached friends to the earlier impressions of youth from prosecuting so laudable an engagement. I am even credibly informed, that some go so far as to practise medicine by nostrums from negroes; witness a most notorious instance. One Y——, of Caroline, the most infamous and illiterate quack that is to be met with in the annals of history, yet he is of such distinguished fame as to get practice from the most remote parts of our colony. My only desire is, for such persons hinted at to turn their eyes in on their consciences, how black, how horrid, how detestable, will they appear! Philip beautifully exposes the character of a physician (as Rollin relates it) named Menecrates, who had the vanity to take upon himself the surname of Jupiter Servator, upon account of some extraordinary cures he had wrought, which he attributed wholly to his own skill. Having invited him to dinner, he was placed at table by himself, on which was served up a vessel smoking with incense. The doctor at first thought himself highly honoured, but having nothing to eat during the rest of the entertainment, he soon perceived the meaning of the smoke of the incense; and thus, serving for a laughing stock to the rest of the company, he went away hungry from the feast with the title of Jupiter, and the shame he had so justly deserved, in ascribing to his own abilities a success derived from Heaven. Many are desirous to be held up as spectacles to public view, or at least their characters intimate their desires: Their merits, if they have any, shall not be unapplauded, or their ignorance and villainy un censured!
TATRVs.
N A P L E S, September 28.
THEIR Sicilian Majesties returned from the island of Procita on Saturday last in the afternoon, remained here that night, and removed early the next day to Portici. The day of their Majesties return to this city an account was brought from Sicily of a revolution at Palermo, the people having been discontented at the high price of provisions (some essential articles of which, at times, were totally wanting) owing to monopolizers, one of whom had laden two ships with cheese for Naples, which produced a great scarcity of that necessary article at Palermo. These ships, however, were stopped just without the harbour, and their cargoes sold at the market price, to the people, by order of the Prætor Prince Cassaro, who was soon after seized with the strangury, and died the 20th instant. This nobleman having been attended during his illness by the viceroy's surgeon, a suspicion arose amongst the rioters that the viceroy wished his death; whereupon they proceeded, to the number of about thirty thousand, to the viceroy's palace, where the Prince Pietra Perfia, son of the Prince of Butera, a young Sicilian nobleman, about 20 years of age, happened to be with the viceroy. This young nobleman seeing them enter the apartment, resolutely asked what they would have; and upon being answered the life of the viceroy, and finding it proceeded to acts of violence, threw his arms round the viceroy, and in a firm tone demanded, in the name

of his family, that they should forbear, saying, spare the life of this innocent old man, or first take mine. This spirited conduct checked their fury, and they agreed to spare the viceroy's life on his account, but insisted that he should instantly quit the kingdom; upon which the prince attended him to the water side, where a Genoese vessel was prepared to receive him. Three of the monopolizers goods, furniture, plate, &c. were thrown into the fire, and the rioters having detected one of their number secreting some of their effects, immediately put him to death, which was the only life lost during the tumult. After this the rioters proclaimed the archbishop for their viceroy.
STOCKHOLM, September 28. The dysentery rages with great violence in some provinces of this kingdom. In the district of Wingaker, consisting of 7000 souls, 122 have died of this disorder, in less than 3 months.
L O N D O N, October 26. A SNOW PACKET from La Vera Cruz to Cadiz brings a remarkable article of intelligence, that a large body of native Mexicans, joined with some Creole Spaniards, have revolted and made themselves masters of Merida in Mexico.
By several recent dispatches from Paris we learn that something bordering upon a revolution has been attempted at Versailles; and the courts of Vienna, Madrid, and Turin, were at the bottom of it. The objects of this combination, or conspiracy, were two; that is, either to have forced the King of France instantly to declare war against Great Britain, or, in case of refusal, to have seized his person. The dispatches actually mention that the Duke de Broglio absolutely told his Majesty that he would go to Turin as ambassador extraordinary, and that the Count de Guignes must and should depart that very instant for the court of Great Britain. Happily for the King, the Duke d'Aguillon, who had previously intimated to his Majesty the general outlines of his conspiracy, had obtained a letter de cachet a few minutes before these bold demands upon the King were made by the Duke de Broglio; when the King seeing the necessity of seeming to give way to the Duke de Broglio, pretended to yield himself up entirely to him. The Duke de Broglio, overjoyed with this conquest, was going from the King's apartments; but to his great astonishment, was presented with the letter de cachet in less than a minute de par la roy. The denouement of this plot seems to account for Lord Stormont's long absence from the court of Versailles; for had it succeeded, and had Lord Stormont been there on the spot, it is far from being improbable but his person or at least his papers, would have been seized.
Retard of a letter from Worcester.
"On Monday last the following gentlemen were nominated at the Town Hall, to succeed the late Mr. Crabb Boulton in parliament, viz. Mr. Kelly, Mr. Willers, and Mr. Ross. The numbers were almost twenty to one in favour of Mr. Kelly, the other candidates being very much hissed, while he was carried in triumph through the city by the freemen, who filled the air with liberty, trade, and Kelly, forever!"
A letter received last Friday from Burges, by a gentleman at the west end of the town, assures us that on the night preceding the date of the letter, at ten o'clock, all the superiors of the English college of Jesuits in that town were suddenly expelled and turned into the street, to the great surprize and amazement not only of themselves, but of the whole town. The students, or young Jesuits, were suffered to remain; but they resented the inhuman treatment of their superiors so much, that they tore and destroyed almost all the windows, rooms, and furniture, and afterwards deserted the college, to take their fate along with their superiors.
DUBLIN, November 1. The Shepherdess, Wright, from Baltimore, in Maryland, with tobacco, flax-seed, rice, and lumber, for this port, was overset in a gale of wind off Ushant, on the French coast, and totally lost, the 9th instant. The captain and crew were taken up by a West Indian, from Martinico, and carried next day into Nantz.
PICTURE OF GREAT BRITAIN. HERE a man, or something like a man, lies asleep. He is surrounded by other European figures. One pulls him by the nose, another kicks him on the breech, a third raps him on the knuckles, &c. &c. and if he ever wakes, it is only to say to them, in a weak and timid voice, "good gentlemen, forbear, and let me sleep in peace: Is it not cruel in you thus to ill use and meddle with a poor devil who does not want to meddle with you?"
To the PRINTER of the GLASGOW JOURNAL. SIR, SEEING advertised maxims for playing the game of whist, I thought it might furnish a hint to some ingenious author for compiling maxims for playing the game of life. As in whist there are four suits, diamonds, spades, clubs, and hearts, so in the game of life are four virtues, justice, prudence, temperance, and fortitude. As in whist much of your success depends on the goodness of your partner, so in life prosperity greatly depends on the virtuous endowments of your nuptial consort. I am sorry to add, that in life we are obliged to make what we can often by tricks, as well as by honours; and in life also the most conspicuous figure is made by kings,
queens, and knaves; that is, knaves, or knights of industry. Little account is made of the poor plebeian cards; but the ace, superior to all, is the virtuous man.
ANECDOLE of Sir ROBERT WALPOLE. DURING the run of the Beggar's Opera, soon after its first representation, Sir Robert sat in the stage box; and when Lockit came to the masterly song,
(When you censure the age Be cautious and sage, Lest the courtiers offended should be; If you mention vice or bribe, 'Tis so pat to all the tribe, That each cries that was levell'd at me)
An universal encore attended the performance, and the eyes of the audience were immediately fixed upon Sir Robert, against whose conduct Gay is said to have taken up his pen. The courtier, however, with great presence of mind, joined heartily in the plaudit, and encored it a second time, with his single voice; which not only blunted the poet's shaft, but gained a general buzzza from the audience.
The following EPILOGUE was lately spoken by Mr. Goodman, of the AMERICAN COMPANY of COMEDIANS, the last night of their performance in Philadelphia.
To strike with magic touch the attentive ear; To draw from pity's eye the generous tear; To sooth the heart, and feel another's woe; To catch th' uplifted sword, and save the blow; To wake with melody the breathing lyre; To warm the soul, and animate its fire: Labours like these, in far sublimer lays, Be crown'd with laurels, and unenvied bays! Shou'd friendship move poor me to paint distress, For I can feel, ye rich! tho' not redress; O cou'd each gen'rous heart, whose tears will flow For others' griefs, but mitigate their woe! Then wou'd the world in happy concord join, And warring nations feel the change divine, Friendship and love erect their sacred throne, And hail sweet peace, an offspring of their own. But I, alas! by fortune plac'd so low, Must check my fond ideas as they flow. What! cries the proud, shall paltry play'rs engage To preach up reformation to the age? Shall they, whose borrow'd wit can scarcely raise The snigg'ring leer, or vulgar shouts of praise; Shall they by reason, or by judgment shine, Whose "ten low words oft creep in one dull line?" Mere strollers, so our chronicles have shown— Like Hamlet's ghost— they're here—they're there— they're gone!
To these good gentlemen I'd speak one word (A friend to all, gave counsel to his lord) Tho' we murr'd to bear the public jeers Of ambling authors, in their awkward gears, Yet can we whip and cut the comic muse, And beat, if virtue drives, whene'er we chuse; Or if with tragedy we'er loaded deep, We mourn MONTAIA, and for virtue weep, Praise virtue's cause in whatsoe'er we say, For she's the heroine whate'er we play.
Thus BELISARIUS, seam'd with many a scar, The poor returns of long and painful war, Whose mind with virtue, and with truth elate, Beyond the vassals of inglorious state, 'Twas then he spoke aloud this firm decree, "My sons—be VIRTUOUS, and, my sons—be FREE." [Taking leave.]
Ladies, the favours which your bounty show Will raise my gratitude, where'er we go; And now, kind gentlemen, with heart sincere, I take my leave, and thank your goodness here.
B O S T O N, December 13. SINCE our last arrived here Capt. Coffin, not only with the plague (TEA) on board, but also with the smallpox. As tea is of a drawing quality, it is suspected it has sucked in the distemper, and therefore, if permitted to be landed, it is presumed there would be no purchaser.
The East India company tea commissioners still remain immured at Castle William. Their obstinacy has rendered them infinitely more obnoxious to their countrymen than even the stampmasters were. Their zeal in the cause against the liberties of America must be allowed to be indeed singular, for which their names will be transmitted to posterity with tenfold infamy. If Mr. Roch, the owner of Capt. Hall's ship, does not intend she shall depart directly with the tea she brought, he ought explicitly to declare it, that the people may know what to depend upon, and how to conduct themselves. It does not appear that she is yet in readiness, or that he has even made a demand at the customhouse for a clearance. The minds of the public are greatly irritated at his delay hitherto to take this necessary step towards complying with their peremptory requisition.
To our utter astonishment, confusion, panic, distress, &c. &c. &c. we are advised by a gentleman, trembling for the safety of the world, that the terrific illustrious and most numerous armies now cooped up in Castle William, to countenance and protect the discomfited tribe of pensioners, placemen, commissioners, and consignees, there resident, have cleaned and loaded their muskets, have charged the cannon, even the 42 pounders, have stationed a large battalion
on Governor's Island, and planted artillery there, and that his Excellency the Honourable John Montague, rear admiral of the Blue, has placed his formidable squadron with such address and thorough knowledge of naval operation as to alarm and terrify all America. The universal consternation at these important movements is past description, and the ladies are apprehensive that the musty teas, kindly conveyed to them from London, will be crammed down their throats with all expedition.
HONONCHROTONTHOLOGOS.
By a gentleman, last from London, we are told that the Americans are treating the tea just as they expected in England.
N E W Y O R K, December 2 ON Thursday the following advertisement handed about the city: "The members of the association of the sons of liberty are requested to meet at the City Hall, at one o'clock, tomorrow (being Friday) on business of the utmost importance; and every other friend to the liberties and trade of America are hereby most cordially invited to meet at the same time and place. Thursday, New } The Committee of the Association. York, Dec. 16. } December 17, 1773.
IN pursuance of this advertisement, although the weather was bad, at one o'clock P. M. a very numerous and respectable number of the citizens met at the City Hall, when Mr. John Lamb, a member of the association, addressed the meeting, and informed them that he was desired by a number of his fellow citizens to communicate to them that there were several letters received from the committee of correspondence of the town of Bolton, and a letter from Philadelphia, relative to the importation of the East India company's tea, which it was desired might be communicated. The letters were accordingly read, and a committee of fifteen gentlemen was chosen to answer those letters, and to correspond with our sister colonies on the subject of the dutied tea. The association of the sons of liberty was then read, and is as follows, viz.
THE ASSOCIATION of the SONS of LIBERTY of NEW YORK.
IT is essential to the freedom and security of a free people, that no taxes be imposed upon them but by their own consent, or their representatives; for, "what property have they in that which another may, by right, take when he pleases to himself?" The former is the undoubted birthright of Englishmen, to secure which they expended millions, and sacrificed the lives of thousands. And yet, to the astonishment of all the world, and the grief of America, the commons of Great Britain, after the repeal of the memorable and detestable stamp act, reassumed the power of imposing taxes on the American colonies, and, in the year 1767, passed a bill, in the seventh year of his present Majesty's reign, imposing duties on all glass, painters colours, paper, and teas, that should, after the 20th of November, 1767, be "imported from Great Britain into any colony or plantation in America." This bill, after the concurrence of the lords, obtained the royal assent. And thus, they, who from time immemorial, have exercised the right of giving to, or withholding from, the crown, their aids and subsidies, according to their own free will and pleasure, signified by their representatives in parliament, do, by the act in question, deny us, their brethren in America, the enjoyment of the same right. As this denial, and the execution of that act, involves our slavery, and would sap the foundation of our freedom, whereby we should become slaves to our brethren and fellow subjects, born to no greater stock of freedom than the Americans, the merchants and inhabitants of this city, in conjunction with the merchants and inhabitants of the antient American colonies, entered into an agreement to decline a part of their commerce with Great Britain, until the above mentioned act should be totally repealed.
This agreement operated so powerfully to the disadvantage of the manufacturers of England that many of them were unemployed. To appease their clamours, and to provide the subsistence for them, which the non-importation had deprived them of, the parliament, in 1773, repealed so much of the revenue act as imposed a duty on glass, painters colours, paper, and left the duty on tea, as a test of parliamentary right to tax us. The merchants of the cities of New York and Philadelphia, having adhered to the agreement, so far as it related to the importation of articles subject to an income tax, have convinced the ministry that some other measure must be adopted to execute parliamentary supremacy over this country, and to remove the duties brought on the East India company by the ill policy of that act. Accordingly, to encrease the temptation to the shippers of tea from England, an act of parliament passed the last session, which gives the whole duty on tea, the company were subject to pay, upon the importation of it into England, to the purchasers and exporters; and when the company have ten millions of pounds of tea in their warehouses, exclusive of the quantity they may want to ship, they are allowed to export tea, discharged from the payment of that duty, with which they were before chargeable. In hopes of aid in the execution of this project, by the influence of the owners of the American ships, application was made by the company to the captains of

ships to take the tea on freight; but they virtuously rejected it. Still determined on the scheme, they have chartered ships to bring over the tea to this country, which may be hourly expected, to make an important trial of our virtue. If they succeed in the sale of that tea, we shall have no property that we can call our own, and then we may bid adieu to American liberty. Therefore, to prevent a calamity, which of all others, is the most to be dreaded, slavery, and its terrible concomitants, we, the subscribers being influenced from a regard to liberty, and disposed to use all lawful endeavours in our power to defeat the pernicious project, and to transmit to our posterity those blessings of freedom which our ancestors have handed down to us, and to contribute to the support of the common liberties of America, which are in danger of being subverted, do, for those important purposes, agree to associate together, under the name and stile of the SONS OF LIBERTY of NEW YORK, and engage our honour, to and with each other, faithfully to observe and perform the following resolutions, viz.
1st. Resolved, that whoever shall aid, or abet, or in any manner assist, in the introduction of tea, from any place whatsoever, into this colony, while it is subjected by a British act of parliament to the payment of a duty, for the purpose of raising a revenue in America, shall be deemed an enemy to the liberties of America.
2d. Resolved, that whoever shall be aiding or assisting in the landing or carting of such tea from any ship or vessel, or shall hire any house, storehouse, or cellar, or any place whatsoever, to deposit the tea, subject to a duty as aforesaid, he shall be deemed an enemy to the liberties of America.
3d. Resolved, that whoever shall sell or buy, or in any manner contribute to the sale, or purchase of tea, subject to a duty as aforesaid, or shall aid or abet, in transporting such tea by land or by water, from this city, until the 7th Geo. III. chap. 46, commonly called the revenue act, shall be totally and clearly repealed, he shall be deemed an enemy to the liberties of America.
4th. Resolved, that whether the duties on tea imposed by this act be paid in Great Britain, or in America, our liberties are equally affected.
5th. Resolved, that whoever shall transgress any of these resolutions we will not deal with, or employ, or have any connection with him.
New York, Nov. 29.
Mr. Lamb then put the question, whether they agreed to the resolutions? It passed in the affirmative, nemine contradicente .
The mayor and the recorder came into the meeting, and informed them that they had a message from government to deliver to the people, and to take their sense upon it; whereupon it was agreed that the mayor should deliver the message, which he accordingly did in the words following:
"Gentlemen, I have a message from government to deliver to you: The governor declares that the tea will be put into the fort at noon-day, and engages his honour that it shall continue there till the council shall advise it to be delivered out, or till the King's order, or the proprietor's order is known, and then the tea will be delivered out at noon-day. Gentlemen, is this satisfactory to you? This was answered with a general no, no, no.
Mr. Lamb then read to the people the act of parliament that imposes the duty on tea imported into America, and, after making some pertinent remarks on the commons of Great Britain's giving and granting the property of the Americans, and that the duty was due on the landing of the tea, put the following question: "Is it then your opinion, gentlemen, that the tea should be landed under this circumstance?" This was carried so generally in the negative that there was no call for a division.
Whereas this body is informed, from unquestionable authority, and the letters that have now been read, that the patriotic inhabitants of the city of Philadelphia, and the town of Boston, have determined that no tea subject to a duty by a British act of parliament, for the purpose of raising a revenue in America, should be landed in either of those places.
Resolved, nemine contradicente , that this body highly approve of that spirited and patriotic conduct of our brethren of the city of Philadelphia, and the town of Boston, in support of the common liberties of America. Then the question was put, whether this meeting should be adjourned till the arrival of the tea ship, or be dissolved. It was carried, that the meeting should be adjourned till the arrival of the tea ship.
Voted, that these proceedings should be published, and transmitted to the committees of the other colonies.
PHILADELPHIA, December 22. House of REPRESENTATIVES for the province of PENNSYLVANIA, Wednesday, December 15, 1773.
MR. Speaker laid before the house a letter from the speaker of the honourable house of representatives of the counties of Newcastle, Kent, and Sussex, upon Delaware, dated the 25th of October last, enclosing a copy of certain resolutions entered into by the said house of representatives on the 23d of the same month, which were read by order, and are as they severally follow, viz.
NEWCASTLE, upon Delaware, October 25, 1773. SIR,
"The house of representatives of the freemen of the counties of Newcastle, Kent, and Sussex, upon Delaware, have the honour to enclose you a copy of certain resolutions entered into by them on Saturday the 23d instant. The cause which gave rise to these resolves, and the reasons on which they are founded, are so fully manifested, as well in the resolves themselves as in the circular letters to the speakers of the several houses of representatives of the British colonies on this continent from the honourable assemblies of Virginia, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts Bay, which this house rests assured you have received, that it seems unnecessary to add any thing farther on that head. As a plan for abridging the American colonies of British liberties seems not only to have been advised and adopted, but steadily pursued by the British ministry, the mode pointed out for uniting our counsels for our mutual safety, appeared to this house to be wise and salutary, and was therefore cheerfully embraced. The very great regard entertained for your honourable assembly, and an earnest desire to be favoured with their advice and assistance in their general cause, have induced this house to request that you will be pleased to lay their resolves, as early as you can, before the representatives for your colony.
Signed by order of the house,
CESAR RODNEY, Speaker."
Counties on DELAWARE, in the House of REPRESENTATIVES, Saturday, October 23, 1773.
On motion of Mr. Read,
Ordered, that the several letters from the respective speakers of the house of burgesses in the colony of Virginia, the house of deputies in the colony of Rhode Island, and the house of representatives in the province of the Massachusetts Bay, with the several resolves enclosed, be read the second time. Which was done accordingly.
And the house taking the same into consideration, resolved itself into a grand committee of the whole house.
Mr. Speaker left the chair.
Mr. McKean took the chair of the committee.
Mr. Speaker resumed the chair.
Mr. McKean reported from the committee that they had directed him to make the following report of the house, viz. Whereas the speaker of the late assembly presented to the house several letters, which he received during the recess of the house, one from the truly patriotic house of burgesses of his Majesty's antient dominion of Virginia, enclosing a copy of certain resolutions entered into by them on the 12th of March last, one from the honourable house of deputies of the colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, enclosing certain resolutions entered into by them on the 7th of May last, and one from the free and spirited house of representatives of the province of Massachusetts Bay, enclosing certain resolutions entered into by them on the 28th of May last, and requesting that a committee of this house may be appointed to communicate, from time to time, with the corresponding committees appointed by the said assemblies, and named in their said respective resolves. And whereas this house is of opinion that the measures adopted by the aforesaid assemblies, and proposed to this, are very salutary and highly necessary at this time, when the rights and liberties of all appear to be systematically invaded;
Resolved, that this house have a very grateful sense of the obligations they are under to the house of Burgesses of Virginia, for the vigilance, firmness, and wisdom, which they have discovered at all times in support of the rights and liberties of the American colonies, and do heartily concur with them in their said judicious and spirited resolves.
Resolved, that a standing committee of correspondence and enquiry be appointed, to consist of five members, any three of whom may be a quorum, whose business shall be to obtain the most early and authentic intelligence of all such acts and resolutions of the British parliament, or proceedings of administration, as may relate to, or affect, the British colonies in America, and to keep up and maintain a correspondence and communication with our sister colonies, respecting these important considerations, and the result of such their proceedings from time to time to lay before the house.
Resolved, that it be an instruction to the said committee that they do, without delay, inform themselves particularly of the principles and authority on which was constituted a court of enquiry, held in Rhode Island, said to be vested with powers to transport persons accused of offences committed in America to places beyond the seas to be tried.
Resolved, that the said committee be farther instructed to prepare and report to this house draughts of very respectful answers to the letters above mentioned; also a circular letter to the speakers of the several houses of assembly on this continent, enclosing the aforesaid resolves, and requesting them to lay the same before their respective assemblies, in confidence that they will readily and cheerfully comply with the well concerted and wise resolves of the HOUSE OF BURGESSES OF VIRGINIA.
To which said RESOLVES the house agreed, nemine contradicente .
Then the house immediately made choice of the following gentlemen to be the committee of correspondence and communication with the other colonies: Mr. Speaker, George Read, Thomas McKean,
John McKinly, and Thomas Robinson, Esquires.
A true copy.
DAVID THOMPSON, Clerk to the assembly.
Yesterday arrived here Captain Ingram, from Jamaica. About a week ago, in lat. 35, 38, long. 70, 30, he spoke the brig Peggy, Capt. Cunningham, of this port, from Virginia for Lisbon, who had sprung a leak, and was obliged to throw upwards of 200 barrels of flour over board. Captain Ingram staid by him 24 hours, in which time he stopped his leak, and said he would go for Charlestown, or the first port he could make.
A LETTER on the IMPROVEMENT of the MIND.
Addressed to a young LADY.
IF you, my dear, live to be at the head of a family, I hope you will consider the prudent distribution of charitable gifts as a branch of economy, since the great duty of alms-giving cannot be truly fulfilled without a diligent attention so to manage the sums you can spare, as to produce the most real good to your fellow creatures. It seems impossible to give rules for this, as every case is attended with a variety of circumstances, that must all be considered. In general, charity is most useful when it is appropriated to animate the industry of the young, to procure some ease and comfort to old age, and to support in sickness those whose daily labour is their only maintenance in health. They who are fallen into indigence from circumstances of ease and plenty, and in whom education and habit have added a thousand wants to those of nature, must be considered with the tenderest sympathy by every feeling heart. To such it is needless to say that the bare support of existence is scarcely a benefit, and that the delicacy and liberality of the manner in which relief is here offered, can alone make it a real act of kindness. In great families the waste of provisions, sufficient for the support of many poor ones, is a shocking abuse of the gifts of providence; nor should any lady think it beneath her to study the best means of preventing it, and of employing the refuse of luxury in the relief of the poor. Even the smallest families may give some assistance in this way, if care is taken that nothing be wasted.
WILLIAMSBURG, January 13.
This day was married, Mr. HENRY TAZEWELL to Miss DOROTHY ELIZABETH WALLER.
Depress'd my muse, unstrung my lyre,
How can I DOLLY's praise rehearse?
Or with a true poetic fire
Paint HENRY's worth in flowing verse?
But still to Heaven my pray'rs shall soar,
For blessings on the lovely pair:
Descend some kind celestial pow'r,
And make them thy peculiar care.
Benignant hail their nuptial day,
May sorrow ne'er their bliss destroy,
New charms in each—each day display,
And crown their lives with love and joy.
This evening was brought to this city, from Norfolk, and safely conveyed to the Great Gaol, JOHN HIGHTOWER.
Arrived in James river the James, Sinclair, from Nevis, and the Christie, Lee, from Glasgow.
The Tom, Clarke, from York river, is arrived at Liverpool.
The piece signed EXPERIENCE shall appear in our next.
JUST arrived in the AMBUSH, Captain JOHN MUNN, in York river, from London, about SEVENTY INDENTED SERVANTS, MOSTLY TRADESMEN.
The SALE of which will commence at Newcastle on Friday the 21st of January, and continue until all are sold. JOHN SYME.
KING & QUEEN, January 6, 1774. I HAVE for sale an officer's CLAIM to three thousand acres of LAND. 2 M. ANDERSON, junior.
COMMITTED to the gaol of Prince George a Negro fellow who calls himself NORFOLK, he stutters much, appears to be about 30 years of age, and is 5 feet 8 inches high; has on planes waistcoat and breeches, has two shirts with him, and shoes and stockings. He says he belongs to John Blair, of Williamsburg. The owner is desired to take him away, and pay charges to
2* HENRY BATTE.
FOR SALE, TWO thousand acres of exceeding fine LAND for tobacco, wheat, or Indian corn, lying on both sides of Bull Run, in Loudoun and Prince William; about 300 acres of it are rich low ground and meadow land. It lies within 4 miles of two merchant mills, and about 10 miles of two other merchant mills in Loudoun, 30 miles from Colchester, Alexandria, and Dumfries. If any person or persons incline to purchase the whole, or any part of the said lands, they may be shewn them, and know the terms, by applying to Capt. Francis Peyton, in Loudoun county, who has full power to treat for the same, or to the subscriber. It may be laid off in lots of two, three, or four hundred acres (as may best suit the purchasers) with an equal quantity of low ground and meadow land to each lot. ROBERT BURWELL.

CABIN POINT, December 27, 1773.
THIS is to inform the public, and those gentlemen in particular who were so kind to assist me in my plan for executing my FULLING MILL, that it is now complete, and at work. All persons that are disposed to encourage this laudable undertaking I shall be obliged to for their favours. I advise the public that I have two looms at work that weave five quarter yard wide cloth, as it is much to the manufacturers advantage to have their cloth wove of that width. My price for weaving is 1s. a yard, filling, dying, dressing, &c. is more for common cloth, but dearer for live colours. Those persons that dye their cloth in grain have it done much cheaper; all mixed cloths require nothing more than filling and dressing, which are done at a moderate price. Some time ago a person of the name of Willie set forth a small pamphlet, which any persons that are disposed to have cloth made would do well to attend to; but as it may not be in the power of every one to get them who may be desirous to have cloth made, I shall observe to those that it is very necessary to have the wool sorted, taking the fine from the coarse, young sheeps wool from old. After this is performed, let it be well washed and greased, then carded with a pair of coarse cards into large rolls or batts; these batts are to lie broke all to pieces by hand, and laid in a heap; you may break them as often as you please; the more your wool is mixed the even and prettier the cloth will be when milled. After this operation, it is in order to be carded into rolls for spinning, which is to be a moderate twist for the warp, not too hard: The filling is to be spun as slack as you well can spin it; so that it bear winding it is sufficient. Those who chuse to weave it themselves should slay it thin, and not weave it too close. The opener the cloth is the more beautiful it will be when fulled. All persons that send their yarn to me may depend on the utmost punctuality, and that their instructions shall be duly observed. I am the public's most obedient humble servant,
WILLIAM SIMMONS.
** It is to be observed that I work for ready money only; and that any person who wants to be supplied with wool may have it of me.
COMMITTED to the gaol of Prince George a Negro man who calls himself MOODY, and sometimes MOSES, he appears to be about 30 years of age, and about 5 feet 10 inches high; has on a green coat and waistcoat, old cloth breeches, oznabrige shirt, shoes and stockings, and a hat. He says he belongs to Miss Elizabeth Mingaim, who lives upon Poquoson, between York and Hampton. The owner is desired to take him away, and pay the necessary charges to 2* HENRY BATTE.
RUN away from the subscriber, on the 10th of December, a Negro man named TOBY, an old fellow, his beard is grey, but not his head, which is partly bald; he has a yellowish complexion. Had on, when he went away, common Negro cloathing, a new pair of shoes, in common, wears leather about his legs; he took with him sundry other clothes; Whoever apprehends the said runaway, and brings or contrives him to me, shall have a good reward, besides what the law allows, if taken out of the county of Brunswick.
3 JAMES ADAMS.
PRINCE GEORGE, January 2, 1774.
THOSE who have accounts against the estate of Capt. Theodorick Munford, deceased, are desired to send them to the subscriber, properly authenticated, as soon as possible; and as I am desirous of settling the affairs of that estate finally, I must inform those indebted to it, that unless they discharge their respective balances immediately, I shall find myself under the disagreeable necessity of using compulsory means, as greater indulgence has been granted them already, than the creditors of the estate will allow. 2 THEODORICK BLAND.
COMMITTED to the gaol of Prince George two Negro men, one of whom calls himself DAVY; he appears to be about 25 years of age, is about 5 feet 7 inches and a half high, and had on a broadcloth coat, red waistcoat, duffil breeches, cotton gambadoes, shoes and stockings, and a hat. The other calls himself SAM; he appears to be about 20 years of age, is about 5 feet 3 inches and a half high, and has on an old blue Newmarket coat, cotton waistcoat and breeches, a red under waistcoat, shoes and stockings, and a striped Holland shirt. They say they belong to Griffin Stith, in Northampton. The owner is desired to take them away, and pay charges to 2* HENRY BATTE.
To be SOLD and entered upon immediately,
A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county. It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I advertised last year and then gave a full account of it, since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke, of Maryland, but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more to offer it to the public. Any person inclinable to purchase may know the terms by applying to me in Middlesex. I want part of the money at the meeting of the merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable credit.
tf AUGUSTINE SMITH.
WILLIAMSBURG, December 23, 1773.
IN pursuance of an act of the General Assembly, we this day repaired to the public treasury, and having examined the Treasurer's accounts of the different receipts and payments since the last settlement, and compared them with their proper vouchers, find they are fairly and justly stated. The balance of the public account now in the Treasurer's hands we find to be £.8308 2 11 3/4. Of the old treasury notes, we have burnt and destroyed £.8652 3 3. Of those issued in 1769, the sum of £.1580; and of those issued in 1771, the sum of £.4536. The Treasurer produced to us the several balances still due to the public, and they remain in his hands, to be accounted for at a future day.
LEWIS BURWELL, JOHN RANDOLPH, JOHN BLAIR, BEN: WALLER.
COMMITTED to the gaol of Prince George a Negro man named TOBY; he appears to be about 60 years of age, is about 5 feet 5 inches high, and says he belongs to James Adams, in Brunswick. The owner is desired to take him away, and pay charges to 3* HENRY BATTE.
FOR SALE,
ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon are several plantations and improvements sufficient to work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately built, with a stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILLSTONES, which mill has for two years past got upwards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the prices of the land made known by him. One or two years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the second year, and also for the first, if the money is not paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence of the purchaser. Deeds will be made, upon bond and approved security being given, either to Call, William Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent. discount will be allowed for ready money, or good merchants notes. If any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower part of the country, on or near some navigable river, that are good, it is more than probable we should agree. CARTER BRAXTON.
FOR SALE,
SEVERAL valuable tracts of LAND, adjoining each other, on both sides of Chappawamick Run, in the counties of Stafford and Prince William, containing 2600 acres, being the seat whereon the subscriber formerly resided. These lands are situate four miles above Aquia warehouses, and four miles below the town of Dumfries, the soil of more than half of it exceeding good; there is on it as fine a mill seat as any in the colony, upon a large and never failing stream. There is a great appearance of iron ore, and a large quantity of white oak and pine timber, a tolerable commodious dwellinghouse, a great number of convenient outhouses, good orchards, and several tenements in order for cropping. There are also 200 acres of fine meadow ground, half of which was sowed in timothy last fall and this spring. A more particular description will be unnecessary, as it is presumed that any person inclinable to purchase will view the premises; and the subscriber earnestly entreats all such to form their ideas of the value of this estate from their own observations, and not from any accounts they may receive from others, as there are some persons, who are thought good natured, worthy men, amuse themselves with decrying the property of their neighbours, even at the expence of truth, and under the mask of friendship to the person injured. And the subscriber is more particular in this caution, as he hath formerly received several severe injuries of that kind from one in that neighbourhood. The above lands are under the incumbrance of two mortgages; the one for a considerable sum, made by the subscriber himself, the other for an inconsiderable sum, made by the person of whom he purchased one of the small tracts, which mortgages are to be first paid out of the money arising from the sale. For terms apply to THOMSON MASON.
FOR SALE,
THE public STOREHOUSE in that part of the town of Richmond called Shockoes, rented at fifteen pounds a year; the two half acre lots, No. 400 and No. 670, in the same town; the valuable lot of one hundred acres of timbered land, near the same, known by the description of No. 799; also the two half acre lots, No. 116 and No. 267, in the town of Manchester or Rocky Ridge, on the south side of the falls of James river. For terms apply to Joshua Storrs of Richmond, or to the subscriber. THOMSON MASON.
TAKEN up, in Orange, on Swift Run, a small bay mare, with a small bell on, has a small star in her forehead, is docked, and branded on the near shoulder, and an underkeel in the right ear; she trots and gallops. Posted, and appraised to 6l. *
JEREMIAH HANE.
VIRGINIA, sc.
At a GENERAL COURT, held at the Capitol October 23, 1773.
William Goosley, plaintiff, against Mess. Perkins, Buchanan, and Brown, of London, merchants, Thomas Adams, Sampson Matthews, and George Matthews, Patrick Coutts, Amos and James Ladd, William Acrill, Ryland Randolph, Major Wilcox and company, Thomas Stewart, James Watt, Meriwether Smith, William Smith, Carter Braxton, Corbin Griffin, Samuel Griffin, and William Griffin, defendants.
THE defendants Perkins, Buchanan, and Brown, being beyond sea, on the motion of the plaintiff by his counsel, it is ordered that the other defendants, who have effects of the said Perkins, Buchanan, and Brown, in their hands, as is suggested, not pay, convey away, or secrete, such effects, until the further order or decree of this court concerning the same; that the said defendants, Perkins, Buchanan, and Brown, do appear here on the first day of the next court, to answer the plaintiff's bill, and that a copy of this order be, within fifteen days, inserted in the Virginia gazette, for two months successively, and published on some Lord's day, immediately after divine service, in the church of the parish of Henrico, in the county of Henrico, and be also posted up at the front door of the Capitol, in the city of Williamsburg. BEN: WALLER.
At a GENERAL COURT, held at the CAPITOL November 6, 1773.
James Campbell, Archibald Campbell, James Parker, William Atchison, Thomas Newton, executors, &c. of Robert Tucker, deceased, and John Hunter, plaintiffs, against Thomas Willison, Alexander M'Swain, and Archibald Ritchie, defendants,
THE defendants Willison and M'Swain being beyond sea, on the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, it is ordered, that the other defendant, who hath effects of the said Willison and M'Swain in his hands, as is suggested, do not pay, convey away, or secrete such effects, until the further order or decree of this court concerning the same; that the said defendants, Willison and M'Swain, do appear here on the first day of the next court, to answer the plaintiff's bill, and that a copy of this order be, within 15 days, inserted in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published on some Lord's day, immediately after divine service, in the church of the parish of St. Anne, in the county of Essex, and be also posted up at the front door of the Capitol, in the city of Williamsburg. BEN: WALLER.
TO BE SOLD,
ABOUT fourteen thousand acres of exceeding good LAND in the county of Pittsylvania. For terms apply to Mr. Hugh Rose, of Amherst, who will treat with any person inclinable to purchase, and be empowered to make a legal title.
THOMAS LOMAX.
AS I intend to leave this colony some time in January next, it is earnestly requested that those who may have any demands against my father's estate will produce their accounts to the commissioners appointed by the court of Orange to settle them on or before the 15th of January next. No claim whatever can be attended to after that time.
3 JAMES MARSHALL.
YORK town, June 9, 1773.
THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with the will of their testator, the late Honourable William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as possible. Those who have accounts open in his books, and who cannot immediately discharge the balances, are desired to give their bonds. This request is the more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it can be done. Those who have any demands are desired to make them immediately known.
THOMAS NELSON, HUGH NELSON, THOMAS NELSON, jun. RO. C. NICHOLAS.
FOR SALE,
AT OUR STORE IN NORFOLK, OZNABRIGS, saddlery, low priced hats, and checks in assorted packages, Cadiz salt, Barbados and Grenada rum, Barbados spirit, choice Lisbon wine in quarter casks, Madeira wine in pipes, hogheads, and quarter casks, of sterling New York, and Virginia quality; also coffee, ginger, pimento, Muscovado sugar, logwood, earthen ware, and European made cordage.
GREENWOOD, RITSON, and MARSH.
** Our brig BETSEY, Capt. Solomon Edey, will sail for Madeira in fourteen days, and return directly to Norfolk: Any of our friends, or those connected with the house of Mess. Lamar, Hill, Bissett, and company, will oblige us by their orders for wines by her. NORFOLK, November 20, 1773.