Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1805-09-23 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE AND PUBLICK LEDGER.
VOL. II.]
MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 23, 1805.
[NO. 30.]
THIS PAPER IS PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A WEEK; PRICE TO SUBSCRIBERS FIVE DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE—SINGLE PAPER TWELVE AND ONE HALF CENTS—ADVERTISEMENTS ARE INSERTED AT THE RATE OF FIFTY CENTS FOR THE FIRST, AND TWENTY FIVE CENTS PER SQUARE FOR EACH SUCCEEDING INSERTION
FOR FREIGHT, OR CHARTER, The fine, new Schooner FAME, William WARNAM, Master:— Burthen about 700 barrels.—For terms, apply to the Captain on board, or Daniel R. Waddey & Co. WHO HAVE FOR SALE, 90 Hogsheads TOBACCO. 20 Puncheons 3rd proof ANTIGUA RUM. 30 do. W. I. do. 12000 lbs. Prime GREEN COFFEE. 25 Hogsheads Choice MOLASSES. 400 Bushels CALIF. SALT. 40 Sacks Liverpool do. 20 Boxes MOULD CANDLES—5 to the pound. 10 Casks fresh Imperial, Hyson, Young Hyson, and Hyson Skin TEAS. And a few Barrels fresh Alexandria FLOUR, fit for family use. September 18. 158
FOR CHARTER, The good Ship FREDONIA, Andrew MALCOLM, Master:— Burthen 207 tons—will be ready for the reception of a cargo in a few days. For terms, apply to Moses Myers. September 16. 149
FOR FREIGHT, (To Barbados, with liberty of another Island.) The fast sailing Brig ALBERT. Will take in three hundred barrels at a low freight, if immediately offered.—Apply to the Master on board, at Campbell and Wheeler's Wharf. September 16. 150
FOR BOURDEAUX, The Ship SHEFFIELD, Joshua COWPER, Master:— Will take eighty hogsheads tobacco, or other goods equivalent, on freight, the remainder of her cargo being engaged. Three passengers can be accommodated.—Apply to the Master. WHO HAS FOR SALE, A FEW CASES OF LIQUEURS, Of superior quality, at prime cost. September 6. 132
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The American Ship INDIA PACKET, William Rindge, Master, Burthen 400 hds. Tobacco. Apply to the master on board, or to Phinehas Dana, & Co. Who have received per said ship from St. Lucie, 139 quarter casks SHERRY WINE, for sale on moderate terms. August 9. 56
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The good American Ship JOHN, A. M. SPALDING, Master:— 297 tons burthen, a staunch, strong, tight vessel, now in complete order for the reception of a cargo.—For terms apply to the Captain on board, or Richard Blow. July 22. 13
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The good American Brig DANUBE, Gilbert HOWLAND, Master:— Having made only one voyage—burthen 194 tons, now in complete order for the reception of a cargo will carry about 1800 barrels flour, or 220 hogsheads tobacco. For terms apply to the Captain on board, or Richard Blow. WHO OFFERS FOR SALE, 20,000 Drawn White Oak Pipe STAVES. August 26. 94
FOR SALE, The British built Brig JANE, Burthen 136 tons per Register—Copper and sails uncommonly fast. The inventor to be seen at our counting house—a liberal credit will be given. Also, 58 Hogsheads, } PRIME ANTIGUA SUGARS. 28 Tierces, } 56 Barrels, } Landing this day, from on board the said Brig. C. & F. Whittle. August 20. 90
FOR LIVERPOOL, The good Ship MONTICELLO, to sail by the 20th of September. Tobacco or cotton, will be taken in on low freight, if immediate application is made to R. Maitland and Christian, Petersburg, or to Robert Maitland & Co. August 19. 82
WANTED TO CHARTER, A SHIP Of from 200 to 300 tons burthen, to load with Lumber for a Port in Jamaica.—Apply to Robert Maitland & Co. August 30. 106
FOR NANTZ, The good, fast sailing Ship BRUTUS, Captain PENDERGAST. Burthen 370 hds. or thereabouts—a vessel well calculated to carry tobacco to France. For freight or passage, having excellent accommodations, apply to the Master on board, lying at Mr. Blow's wharf, Portsmouth, or Thomas Payson & Co. At Mr. Fisk's Store. August 14. 74
FOR A FRENCH PORT IN THE CHANNEL, The good Brig JOHN, Captain WOLLER:— Burthen about 180 tons—can be ready to take a cargo in a few days, and will receive a few hogsheads of tobacco on a moderate freight. For terms, apply to John Newell, jun. September 9. 139
CADIZ SALT, For Sale on board the Jessy, Captain Ferris, from Cadiz, lying at my wharf, Gosport, which will be sold low, if taken from along side. Apply on board, or to William Pennock. Who offers said Brig for Charter; she carries 260 hogsheads tobacco—will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days. ALSO—FOR CHARTER, The Copper bottomed Ship THOMAS, Burthen three hundred hogsheads tobacco, and now ready to receive a cargo. August 2. 38
FOR SALE, FREIGHT, OR CHARTER, The Ship PLANET, Burthen 400 hogsheads of tobacco, in complete order and will be ready to receive a cargo, in ten days. For terms apply to William Mackenzie & Co. Richmond, or John Mackenzie & Co., Holt's Wharf.
WHO HAVE FOR SALE, 100 Hogsheads Richmond TOBACCO. 79 Kgs Manufactured do. 10 Bales COTTON. 100 Barrels of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 20d. NAILS. August 30. 108
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, (To a Port in France.) The fine new Ship, SUSAN, Captain LORING:— Burthen 350 hogsheads tobacco. Will be ready for the reception of a cargo in ten days. For terms, apply to Captain Loring, or Donaldson, Thorburn & Co. WHO HAVE THE CARGO OF SAID SHIP FOR SALE, CONSISTING OF ABOUT 5,500 Bushels LISBON SALT. And some choice Old WINE, in quarter casks. September 6. 133
FOR SALE—BY THE SUBSCRIBER, 75 Puncheons Winward Island RUM. 6 do. 4th proof Old Jamaica do. 5 do. New-England do. 30 Pipes Best Holland GIN. 3 Hogsheads and 24 Barrels Country do. 8 Pipes 4th proof Cognac BRANDY. 11 do. do. Alicante do. 10 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE. 17 Pipes Fine Old Sicily do. 70 Crates well assorted EARTHEN WARE. 2 Hogsheads do. assorted for family use. 12 Casks GLASS WARE—well assorted. 200 Sacks Liverpool SALT—Also, 70 Hds. Richmond and Petersburg TOBACCO. 35 do. Lowland do. 104 Barrels Superfine, } FLOUR. 90 do. Fine, } 27 do. SHIP STUFF. August 7. 48
LOST ON MONDAY LAST, A NOTE of Mr. William Pennock, in favour of Captain W. J. Richardson, payable at the United States Bank, for Eight Hundred Dollars, at 60 days, and dated 25th July. As payment is stopped, it cannot be of service to any person, if found I should be obliged by its being returned. Edward Roberts. August 14. 73
NOW LANDING ON NEWTON'S WHARF, From on board the Brig Brothers, Capt. Dunn, from Jamaica, 124 Hogsheads, } PRIME JAMAICA SUGARS. 11 Barrels, } For sale by William Pennock. August 2. 37
LANDING AT COMMERCE-STREET WHARF, FROM BRIG MILTON, 27 Puncheons High Proof Jamaica RUM. 7 do. MOLASSES. AND FROM SCHOONER BRILLIANT, A few Puncheons choice Winward Island RUM. For sale by Redmon & Frith. August 7. 52
TAKEN from along side the Brig Milton, on the night of the 25th instant, a CLINKER BUILT YAWL, about twelve feet long, yellow bottom and painted green, inside—Milton of Suffolk, marked on her stern. A liberal reward will be given to any person who will give information of her, so that I get her again. Tuder Frith. August 28. 104
CHOICE FLOUR OF NEW WHEAT From Mayo's Mills—for Family use. 300 Whole and 300 Half Barrels. For sale by Moses Myers. August 12. 66
THE SUBSCRIBER, GIVES NOTICE, THAT he has conveyed his Estate in Trust, for the benefit of his creditors, to James Thorburn, Martin Fisk, and James Maurice. Francis S. Taylor. August 28. 100
FOR SALE, THE REMAINDER OF THE CARGO OF THE BRIG NANCY, From the Cape of Good Hope, consisting of the following articles, VIZ:— 100 Casks CAPE WINE. 13 do. CONSTANTIA do. 1 do. STEEN do. 5 do. MUSCAT do. 19 do. TAMARINDS. 4 do. BRANDY. 44 do. ALOES. A liberal credit will be given, and if the whole is taken, the above articles will be sold a bargain.—Any person inclined to purchase, may rely that the articles on hand, were not the refuse of the Cargo, which was sold by shewing one cask of each quality, and were delivered as they came to hand. John Granbery. August 29. 92
FOR SALE, THE REMAINDER OF THE CARGO OF THE BRIG NANCY, From the Cape of Good Hope, consisting of the following articles, VIZ:— 100 Casks CAPE WINE. 13 do. CONSTANTIA do. 1 do. STEEN do. 5 do. MUSCAT do. 19 do. TAMARINDS. 4 do. BRANDY. 44 do. ALOES. A liberal credit will be given, and if the whole is taken, the above articles will be sold a bargain.—Any person inclined to purchase, may rely that the articles on hand, were not the refuse of the Cargo, which was sold by shewing one cask of each quality, and were delivered as they came to hand. John Granbery. August 29. 92
MICHIGAN TERRITORY.
ADDRESS OF GOVERNOUR HULL, DELIVERED
On the 8th July, 1805, to a large assembly of the people, after the inauguration of the officers of the Territory.
MY FELLOW-CITIZENS OF THE TERRITORY OF MICHIGAN,
Notwithstanding the severe calamity you have recently experienced, in the total destruction of your principal town, a town the most ancient, populous and respectable in the western country; notwithstanding the private distresses, which must necessarily follow from this event, yet on an occasion so interesting to you as the present, you will please to accept my most cordial congratulations. It is sincerely to be hoped that your losses will be remunerated by the generous bounty of your fellow-citizens in the several states, by the liberal policy which will be pursued by Congress, and by the judicious and enlarged plan, which will be adopted in erecting a city on the desolated ground, the sight of which is so affliction at the present moment.
By the law of congress which has publicly been communicated, and by the commissions which have been read, it is announced that this territory is formed into a government, and the principal officers have been appointed for its administration.
In entering on the duties of the office, to which I am appointed, I feel it a duty incumbent on me, to implore the benediction of the Supreme Ruler of human events, that the government may be commenced in wisdom, conducted with virtue, and in its operation promote the happiness and prosperity of the people.
It is a fortunate circumstance for you, my fellow-citizens, that it is a government of laws and not of men; that the leading principles of it are established by the ordinance of congress, and wisely calculated to ensure to the people the blessings of civil and religious liberty.
It is expressly provided, that no person, demeaning himself in a peaceable and orderly manner, shall ever be molested on account of his mode of worship or religious sentiments.—Here you have secured to you the important privilege of worshipping your God according to the dictates of your own consciences.
It is likewise provided that the inhabitants of the territory shall always be entitled to the benefits of the writ of Habeas Corpus, and of the trial by Jury.—The one will guard you against the dangers of being deprived of your personal liberty, without a sufficient cause; and the other will prevent you from receiving any injury in your persons, property, or reputation, without a fair and impartial trial by your peers. —All persons are entitled to bail, unless for capital offences; all fines are to be moderate, and no cruel or unusual punishments shall ever be inflicted; no man can be deprived of his liberty or property, but by the judgement of his peers, or of the law of the land; and should the publick exigencies make it necessary; for the common preservation, to take any person's property, or to demand his particular services, full compensation shall be made for the same; and for the just preservation of your right and property it is understood and declared, that no law ought ever to be made, or have force in the territory, that shall in any manner whatever interfere with or affect private contracts, or engagement bona fide, without fraud, previously formed.
It is likewise provided, that, as religion, morality and knowledge are necessary to good governments, and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged; that the utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians; their lands and their property shall never be taken from them without their consent; and in their property, rights and liberty, they shall never be invaded or disturbed, unless in just and lawful wars, authorized by Congress.—But laws founded in justice and humanity, shall, from time to time, be made for preventing wrongs being done to them, and for preserving peace and friendship with them.
These, my fellow-citizens, are the fundamental principles on which your government is founded:—They are your bill of rights—the magna charter of your freedom.—No power exists in the administration to deprive you of them—any laws made contrary to them will be null and void.
They are strong barriers erected, which will secure to you the rights of conscience, and the rights of person and property. They will afford you a remedy against all oppression; they will enlighten the rising generation, and by the wise and humane provisions, with respect to your Indian neighbours, will continue to you the blessings of peace with them. You ought therefore to have them strongly imprinted on your minds, and value them according to their real importance. They are indeed your most valuable inheritance.
Although it must be a source of great satisfaction to you, that the principles of your government are so wisely constructed, and so admirably calculated to aid in promoting the great object, for which the government was instituted, viz:—the general happiness; yet we must consider that these principles alone cannot effect the object.—The happy fruit will, in a great measure, depend on the conduct of those who are appointed to administer the government, and on the people themselves, for whose benefit it is instituted.—It will therefore be the duty of the administration to conform to the laws to the principles of the ordinance of Congress, and to adopt measures calculated to secure the rights and distribute equal justice to each individual citizen.—It will likewise be essentially necessary there should be a corresponding disposition on the part of the people.—It will be their duty to respect the government, and to afford all the aid in their power to those whose office it is to administer it—to consider there is no perfection in human things; and at all times exercise candour, forbearance and moderation in forming an opinion on the measures which may be adopted.
That such may be the conduct both of the officers and the people, is the sincere wish of my heart, and my earnest prayer to Almighty God.
This will produce the most happy consequences, mutual confidence, harmony and satisfaction; the benevolent design of congress in establishing the territory will be realized, and the wise principles which characterise the government of the nation will be extended.
On the present occasion, I shall not enter into a detail of the measures which the administration will probably think expedient for the general interest of the territory.
I cannot however omit in the presence of so many of my fellow citizens, to state to them the vast importance of a well organized and disciplined militia. Considering it essentially necessary to the safety of the territory, and the preservation of the government, it will early claim my attention, and I
shall devote my best powers and talents to render it respectable, efficient, and an example to our country.
To aid this honourable, necessary and important duty, I shall hope for the co-operation of all my fellow citizens, and particularly to see the young men of the territory animated with a laudable military spirit, and highly ambitious of excelling in military discipline. Such a spirit, and such conduct will be honourable to them, honourable to the government, and productive of the most happy consequences.
Our local situation, my fellow citizens, is fixed in the neighbourhood of a colony connected with one of the most respectable and powerful nations of Europe. The United States and that nation are in peace and friendship—God grant it may forever continue. It will be our duty and our interest to cultivate harmony and friendship with our respectable neighbours. While I have the honour to remain in my present situation, it will be my undeviating object; and I fondly flatter myself that every individual of my fellow citizens will be animated with the same principle. Should there, however, any outrage or improper conduct take place by any of our citizens, I shall be ready at all times to make all the satisfaction which can be required, either by the laws of nations, the duties of friendship, or the rights of civility.
We have every reason to expect from the respectable officers of that government, that the same liberal treatment will be reciprocated; and if, at any time any differences should arise, they will be explained and adjusted with a spirit of mutual candour and justice, honourable to both governments.
The present moment, my fellow citizens, I consider of high importance. We are now laying the foundation and providing for the execution of a work, which will be of immense consequence, not only to the people who now inhabit the territory, but to those who shall succeed them to the latest period of time.
The territory possesses great natural advantages; almost entirely surrounded by navigable waters; furnished with a soil, which, by cultivation, will become highly productive, blessed with a temperate and healthful climate, there are few places on the face of the earth more inviting for the residence of man.
Here, my fellow citizens, were we to unveil futurity, what a delightful and animating picture might be presented! The sciences and all the arts useful in life, have been travelling from the rising to the setting sun. The eyes of a great part of the world, and particularly of our own country, are looking with longing desires to this western hemisphere. Should the civil institutions be in any degree, comparable to the advantages which the God of Nature has furnished, the most sanguine imagination could form no conception of the numbers of human beings, whose happy destination will be here fixed, or of the useful and magnificent scenes which will here be displayed.
Let us then have it deeply imprinted on our minds, that the principles now established, and the arrangements which are about to be made, will have a material effect on the prosperity and happiness of those who succeed us. Our situation then becomes highly responsible. We are not only answerable to the present generation, but probably to millions yet unborn.
It becomes us then, to establish it as a firm principle, and to inculcate it as a first duty, to feel and manifest in all our conduct, a reverence, and our highest respect to the supreme Being who created the world, who gave us this pleasant country, and on whom we depend for every blessing we enjoy.
In the next place it will be our duty to establish the government on the broad basis of justice.
Let reverence and gratitude, then to God, and justice to each other, be the first, and uniform principles of the government. In all our arrangements let us keep these constantly in view, and we never shall deviate from the line of our duty.
Finally, my fellow-citizens, the end of government is to promote the happiness of the people. Any government, therefore, which does not effect this object does not promote the original design of its institution. That this desirable object may be promoted, and that the territory may increase in population and all the improvements which adorn civilized society, must be the desire of all my fellow-citizens.
To direct us in the course that will produce those happy consequences, we have before us the experience of the world, from the earliest ages to the present moment.—Time would not permit me to go into the causes which have afforded these blessings to mankind. In our country, however, they are conspicuously exemplified in the character and conduct of our illustrious president; under his wise and patriotic administration, our country is blessed with peace; internal order and tranquility prevail; every individual is secure in the enjoyment of the rights of conscience, of person, and of property. In the agriculture, manufactures, and commerce of the country, rapid improvements are making, and indeed a general state of prosperity and happiness is apparent. To promote these happy consequences in this territory, it will be the dictate of sound policy to imitate his example, and to follow the wise maxims he has exhibited.
THE BLACKSMITH BUSINESS
Is carried on in the Shop lately occupied by WILLIAM CAMP & Co. on Loyall's Wharf, by JOSEPH GARDNER & Co. Who will execute any work in the above line, with fidelity and despatch, and at very moderate prices. September 13. 143
To Lease for a term of Years, Several LOTS OF LAND , adjoining the Virginia Bank. MARY AITCHESON. Sept. 11. 141
LADIES FASHIONABLE SHOES.
SEVERAL Trunks of Ladies plain and fashionable LACE KID SHOES, and Gentlemen's fashionable London made do. just received by the ship Planter, Captain Boush, and for sale by Gilliat & Mackinder. September 9. 136
COW-POX.
THOSE persons who wish to avoid catching the Small-Pox which now exists in this Borough, are informed that the subscriber has again succeeded in introducing the Vaccine Infection, and that he now has several arms at to inoculate from.
He has returned to his old shop at the lower end of the new market. George Balfour. Nov. 16. 228
AN APPRENTICE wanted.

THE PUBLICK LEDGER.
TO SHEW THE VERY AGE AND BODY OF THE TIME, HIS FORM AND PRESSURE.
MONDAY EVENING, SEPT. 23, 1805.
COMBINED FLEET.
The result of the late action between the British and combined fleets, has not been such as had been expected, although honourable to the British arms. The superiority of force on the part of the combined fleet, was sufficient to have inspired confidence of victory on their part, which however they did not appear to feel, for from Sir Robert Calder's letter, we infer that they had no disposition for the engagement in the first instance, and none to renew the action next day, as they were to windward and might have done so if they had been so inclined.
We think that the consequences of this defeat will be the derangement of some important plan of the French government, for it cannot be supposed that so large an armament would have been fitted out, and with troops on board without having some important object in view.
With respect to the future fate of this squadron, much will depend upon the situation of Vigo, the place of retreat. We are not very well acquainted with the strength and situation of this place. It is a port in Spain about 12 leagues to the southward of Cape Finisterre. The entrance is bold and easy of access, it has a fine capacious bay, where the largest ships may anchor; from a chart of the harbour it appears that there are five fathoms water about 10 miles from the entrance, where the fleet will probably anchor. If the place is not fortified we see nothing that will prevent the British fleet following them. At all events it is a place, in which it appears they may be blocked up with great facility and without the blocking fleet being obliged to cruise. The Bay is about 7 miles wide, & defended from the westerly winds by two small Islands, which are immediately before the harbour; it has two entrances one to the north and one to the south of those Islands. It is situated in the province of Gallacia, and is defended by a fort, but which was not formerly capable of much resistance. The British and Dutch fleets took it in the year 1702. The English took it again in the year 1719; after raising a contribution they gave it up again. The late London Papers do not credit the report of the combined fleet having gone into Vigo, on account of its insecurity from attack.
A very respectable mercantile friend has favoured us with the following interesting extract of a letter from his correspondent in London, dated the 30th July.
"A decision has lately taken place before the lords of appeal here, which may be very interesting to you to be acquainted with, as materially affecting the trade of Americans, and indeed of other neutrals with French and Spanish colonies, particularly in the West Indies. In the case alluded to, it was laid down as a principle by their lordships, that the neutral has no right to bring a cargo from our enemy's colony to our enemy's port in Europe in the same bottom, although such cargo should be landed in America and the duties paid upon it there, which was actually done with the cargo in question. It may therefore be now considered, that our admiralty court has determined rigidly to enforce the doctrine, and that in future it will be necessary in order to secure the neutrality of property shipped under such circumstances, to lay it down in America and re-ship it by another vessel for Europe, for you will observe, that whilst the cargo and vessel continue the same, the principles laid down continue in all its force, and the court would feel justified in inferring a continuity of the voyage. Whereas by re-shipping in another vessel, the voyage is completely changed, and a new one commences. It is uncertain whether this principle will be applied to the settlements of the European powers in the East-Indies, which have hitherto been considered distinct from the colonies, but until its operation is clearly ascertained, I should not advise any of my friends to risk a cargo from thence to Europe, unless the bottom was previously changed."
The ship Merry Quaker, captain Cazneau, arrived at New-York the 16th reports that Cadiz was closely blockaded by a British fleet, and the Merry Quaker was obliged to throw overboard her salt. The ship Columbus, Morris, of New-York, threw her salt overboard, and sent her wine to Algeciras, where she was going to load; brig Hudson, Baily, had been sent into Cadiz, and was under trial; brig Mary, Wood, of New-York, for Dublin; Vessels sent into Gibraltar, by Admiral Collingwood's blockading squadron; ship Havre, Chew, of New-York; brigs Rover, Luce, of Boston; Betsey, Cropton, of New-Bedford; Alert, Searl, of Alexandria; Ships Argus, Chamberlain, of Norfolk; Moses Myers, Breck, of Boston; Paulina, Choate, of Alexandria; Hermon, Hoyt, of —; brig Nancy, Richardson, of Boston, from Norfolk, was at Cadiz, having got in on the 5th of August—Capt. C. sailed from Cadiz, when the signals were out for the Spanish fleet from Carthagena, of 8 sail of the line—the next day (August 6) a heavy cannonading was heard, and 5 Spanish sail of the line dropped down to the mouth of the harbour of Cadiz, to join the Carthagena fleet—Admiral Collingwood had seven sail of the line, and some frigates, to blockade Cadiz. On Friday, spoke the brig Columbus, 43 days from Trinidad, for Boston. Collingwood did not suffer any vessels to go into Cadiz.
The following letters will shew to our readers, the understanding of Admiral Collingwood upon the subject of the blockade of Cadiz and San Lucar.
COPY.
CADIZ, 19th July, 1805.
"SIR, "We, the undersigned consuls and agents of the different nations we represent, in this place, take the liberty of addressing you, in consequence of a Portuguese schooner having been sent back to this port, having been threatened by the commander of the English brig of war "Dexterous," to be sunk or burnt, in case of sailing again from this port with a cargo on board. We are persuaded, that this proceeding against a vessel of a friendly and neutral na-
tion, cannot either have been approved of or known to you, being a proceeding as yet unknown among civilized nations, and against all the laws, rights and existing treaties, between nations. We cannot but submit the same to you, requesting you will be so good as to favour us with an explanation on the matter, alarmed for the safety of the vessels of the nations we have the honour to represent here. We herewith annex a copy of an official letter, received on the subject from Admiral Sir John Orde, late commander in chief of the British fleet, stationed off this port, directed to H. E. Marquis de la Solano, governor of this city, by which you will observe, that full liberty was given to neutral vessels to sail to and from this port with innocent cargoes—this order never having been changed since, the neutral navigators, in faith of that permission granted, continued their expeditions.—We are, thereby, quite at a loss how to act in the present case, several ships being ready to sea, with cargoes on board, that came under the above description. We must request therefore a satisfactory explanation, and praying that they may meet no molestation or hindrance on their voyage to the different parts they are bound to, from the squadron under your command, as they were induced to load here under the faith of the above permission, and no communication to the contrary, having been made by you, nor in any other official manner—we cannot expect less from the just reasons we alledge; but, in the contrary we protest in the most solemn manner, against all force, from the prejudice that must thereby follow, acquainting our respective governments, and ministers here, and of his Britannick majesty of any violent measures that may be adopted to the prejudice of the interest of the different subjects of our nations; and at the same time, considering you responsible for all the evil consequences that may arise from it, in the event of its causing any misunderstanding between the British and our respective governments. We have the honour to be,
Signed, by the
Prussian and } Consuls. Russian, Imperial, Portuguese, Danish, Swedish and } Agents. American.
To V. A. C. Collingwood, Esq. commander in chief of his Britannick majesty's forces off Cadiz.
ANSWER.
"Dreadnaught, off Cadiz, 19th July, 1805.
"GENTLEMEN,
"I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of this date, enclosing a copy of one from vice-admiral Sir John Orde, dated 29th March last, on the subject of neutral ships sailing to and from the ports of Cadiz and St. Lucar, with cargoes on board.
"And in answer have to observe to you, that his majesty having ordered on the 18th April last, that the ports of Cadiz and St. Lucar should be strictly blockaded, and all the trade with said ports prohibited, according to the usage of war, acknowledged and allowed in similar cases, and directed that the same be signified to the ministers of the neutral powers residing at his court, and that the measures authorised by the law of nations, universally known and acknowledged, should be adopted and executed with respect to vessels which may attempt to violate said blockade. In pursuance of his Majesty's order so signified to the several ministers, I have, after allowing them a sufficient time to apprise their consuls, merchants &c. of the circumstance, directed to the commanders of the ships of my squadron, to seize all vessels which may attempt to enter those ports, or depart from them, with merchandise, in violation of the blockade, as having, no doubt, that the ministers of the neutral powers at the court of St. James, have long since made all proper communications on the subject, as the letter of vice admiral Sir John Orde, was near a month, prior to the order above alluded to, I have no observation to make on it. That the blockade was of publick notoriety in those ports, the Danish, Swedish and Imperial ships having sailed in ballast, by the directions of their respective consuls, is a testimony, which admits of no doubt.
"The little Portuguese vessel, laden with salt, I directed to be returned into port, on a supposition that her master might not have been sufficiently informed of the nature of the blockade; but the violence which he complains of being threatened with, in case he had sailed again, when detained by the Dexterous, so unlike the urbanity and good will, which English officers are ever disposed to shew to all men, I would rather impute to the exaggeration of a person disappointed on his voyage; and I hope, gentlemen, you will also. I have the honour to be, (Signed)
"CUTHBERT COLLINGWOOD.
To the Consuls of the neutral powers resident at Cadiz.
From the (Boston) Columbian Centinel.
BRITISH INSTRUCTIONS.
The commerce of the United States, and particularly our carrying trade is greatly affected by the following instructions, which have just been received here in the Union from India:
ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS.
By the commissioners for executing the office of lord high admiral of the united kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, &c.
The right hon. lord Pelham, one of his majesty's principal secretaries of state, having transmitted to us, as additional instructions under his majesty's signet and sign manual, dated the 12th June, 1803, as follows:
To the commanders of his majesty's ships of war and privateers.
In consequence of the present state of commerce, are pleased hereby to direct the commanders of our ships of war and privateers, not to seize any neutral which shall be carrying on trade directly between the colonies of enemies and the neutral country to which the vessel belongs. Provided, That, such neutral country to which the vessel belongs and laden with the property of inhabitants of such neutral country: Provided, That such neutral vessel shall not be supplying the enemy with any articles contraband of war, and shall not be trading with any blockaded port.
By his majesty's command.
(Signed)
PELHAM.
We send you herewith a printed copy of the said additional instructions for your information and guidance. Dated the 12th July, 1803.
[Signed by the Lords of the Admiralty.]
To the judge of the vice-admiralty court, of the island of Ceylon.
Such are the instructions which have been issued to the British cruisers respecting all neutral vessels. What notice has been taken of them in Sweden, Denmark, and other neutral nations we have yet to learn. This we know, that the American government has left the mercantile interest to obtain the knowledge thereof, from a private source. We have never learned, that these instructions have been recalled. If they have not been, every American vessel, even with a legal cargo, which shall proceed from a port of the United States to an European port, and from that European port to the Isle of France,
Batavia, or any of the ports of the colonies of the enemies of Great-Britain, will be liable thereby to seizure. Those regulations only excluding from seizure those vessels bound in a direct trade between the United States and the French and Dutch colonies.
FROM THE POLITICAL REGISTER.
From our Correspondents.
"LONDON, August 2d, 1805.
"Our best informed politicians, have no expectation of peace, until some material change takes place, or a blow has been struck.
"In the mean time, America is reaping a rich harvest. Mr. Munroe is returned from Madrid—report says, "reinfecia." But I cannot conceive what induces the Spaniards to act hotly, as they appear to do, and as I think they would not dare, unless encouraged elsewhere."
"LONDON, August 8.
"The probability of a war on the continent, is of late greatly increased; the discontents between Austria and France are fast ripening to a rupture—and the return of the Russian minister, Novoziloff, without entering on negotiation, is considered as decisive of the disposition of the Emperor Alexander, and as marking the ascendancy, which Great Britain and Austria have obtained at the court of St. Petersburg.
"The annexation of Genoa to France, and the disposition discovered by the Emperor Napoleon to extend his dominion in every direction, has excited great alarm among the continental powers; even Prussia is said to be dissatisfied.
"Fears are entertained for the safety of Portugal, now threatened with invasion by a French and Spanish army. The show of invading this country is also renewed on the coasts of Holland and France, where all appears to be activity and preparation—but I believe it is mere show.
"The present military force of Great-Britain and Ireland, is greatly superior, both in numbers and appointment, to that of any former period—and is certainly more than a match for any army that could steal a march across the channel; as to forcing the passage, in the present state of the marine defence, it is altogether out of the question. It is even supposed, by professional men, that the British gun-boats and other small vessels, which line the shores and defend the harbours, would be more than sufficient to prevent a landing, should the enemy's flotilla escape the cruising squadrons, which occupy the channel in every direction.
"You may form some idea of the naval force, when I tell you that, without counting Lord Nelson's fleet, or the ships in the Mediterranean, there are upwards of sixty sail of the line from Ushant to Finisterre, besides the fleets in the Downs and North Sea. Numerous cruisers are stretched along the western part of England, and the Irish coast—and, from the Lizard to the Nore, the men of war are every where within signal distance of each other.
"The attitude of this country, compared with its population, and contrasted with the physical force of its adversaries, is truly dignified and formidable.
"The expence, however, attending this defensive war is enormous; but the nation consoles itself by saying that all is at stake—that the money is levied on a monopoly of commerce—and that the expenditures is altogether at home. There may be truth in these remarks; but is scarcely possible that any commerce should continue to nourish such an expence, or that a war conducted on these principles should not be ruinous.
"A war on the continent, which is anxiously looked for, would relieve the pressure, and enable England to act with powerful effect, by means of her large disposable military force.
"There have been considerable dissensions in the cabinet, and in parliament; but Mr. Pitt's influence has triumphed even in changing the prosecution of Lord Melville to an impeachment, and it is not supposed that his influence will decline during the present reign. The retirement of Lord Sidmouth, who is, personally, a favourite with the king, is a strong proof of Mr. Pitt's predominance.
"The account of Sir Robert Calder's victory over the combined fleet of France and Spain, has given an additional spring to the naval character, and greatly elated the spirits of the people.—That it should operate as an opposite effect on the enemy, may be readily supposed."
PHILADELPHIA, September 16.
On Saturday evening arrived at this port, the fine fast sailing ship London Packet, captain M'Dougal, in 30 days from London. To captain M'Dougal's attention in procuring papers while at the Downs, we are indebted for London dates to the 10th August, being 14 days later than any previous accounts. The contents of these papers (given in detail in this day's Philadelphia Gazette,) are unusually interesting; and forbade events of superior importance. The note of the Russian minister, assigning as the motive of his recall, the assumption on the part of Buonaparte, of the title and prerogatives of king of Italy, and his other acts of ambitious aggrandizement, evince that Russia no longer remains an indifferent spectator of the grasping policy of France. Buonaparte's reply to this note (which, on account of its length, cannot appear in this day's Gazette) is couched in terms of much asperity and irritation! "What!" says the document, "is then the Emperor of the French lowered to that degree of weakness, that he must coolly listen to a Russian commissary calling him to an account for what he does in countries unknown to Russia, and with which she has no relations!" The note proceeds through three columns, in a strain of ardent invective, in repelling the claim of Russia to any interference in the concerns alluded to in the Russian note; and concludes by declaring that Russia alone is an incompetent power to meditate between England and France.
Next in importance to the foregoing correspondence, are the details of the engagement between the combined fleets and that under Sir R. Calder. We have given all the particulars which appear in our London papers.
Mr. Bowdoin our minister to Spain arrived in London the 30th July, and contemplated remaining in that country three or four months.
The King was enjoying improved health at Weymouth, on the 30th July.
The imperial guards had arrived at Boulogne, and much bustle and preparation was observed on both sides the channels.
Admiral Misceissis, who commanded the Rochefort squadron, had resigned, and retired to the country disgraced.
Consols 59.
Phil. Gaz.
Another French Fleet out!!
Capt. Hartwell, of the ship Lewis William, on the 16th Aug. lat. 44, 10, long. 15, 30. W. fell in with a French fleet, consisting of 34 sail. He was taken on board the admiral's ship, and had his papers examined. At the same time saw a ship to the southward on fire, which one of the officers informed was an English letter of marque which they had taken in the morning and set fire to. The fleet, when capt. Hartwell left them, was steering W. S. W. supposed them bound to the West-Indies.
I intend to leave this State for some time.
John Davidson.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
LONDON, August 4.
POLITICAL WEEKLY REVIEW.
After a period of anxious uncertainty, information was obtained, last Monday, respecting the combined fleets. A Prussian brig from Naples, passing near the Scilly Isles, communicated the first news, that those fleets were approaching the coast of Portugal. A letter from a gentleman on board the Princess Royal, gave, about the same time, intelligence that they were believed by the British fleet off Brest, to have got into Corunna. These accounts were made publick on Tuesday.
On Wednesday, a letter from Admiral Cornwallis, inclosing another from Sir Robert Calder, was received by Mr. Marsden at the Admiralty. It brought the news of an encounter with the enemy, of an engagement, of a victory. Sir Robert Calder described the combined Squadrons of France and Spain, at noon, on the 22d of July, in N. lat. 43, 30.—in W. long. 11, 17. They consisted of 20 ships of the line, three of 50 guns, five frigates, and three brigs.—With a force of only 15 ships of the line, three frigates, a cutter, and a lugger, to oppose them, he instantly stood towards the enemy,—and made the necessary signals for battle in the closest order. An action ensued. The French and Spaniards had every advantage of wind and weather. By their shyness to come into close combat, it was prolonged during four hours.—Admiral Sir Robert Calder, to secure the San Rafael of 84 guns, and the El Firma of 74, two Spanish ships which had struck, then interrupted the action; and the rest of the hostile fleets, for the moment, escaped. The fogs, during the engagement, had been, unfortunately, so thick, as to make it impossible to take sufficient advantage of the enemy by signals. On the part of the British fleet, the Windsor Castle was much crippled in the action; almost every ship's company suffered some slight loss of lives; and, in the whole, 41 persons were killed, —155, wounded. The French and Spaniards,—to judge from the appearances on board the two ships which were taken,—must have suffered much more considerably. The numbers of the killed and wounded, on board the San Rafael and El Firma alone, were found to exceed 600.
On Tuesday, the Windsor Castle, with the Sirius and the Fisgard frigates, arrived from Sir Robert Calder's fleet, in the harbour of Plymouth. The joy upon their arrival was excessive. "We are all so elated," writes one gentleman upon this occasion, "that I can scarce hold my pen."
Lieutenant Nicholson, the bearer of the dispatches, left Sir Robert Calder on the 25th. The British fleet was then between the enemy and the land. The two Fleets were at not more than eleven miles distance from each other.—While the horses were changed for his carriage at Dorchester, Mr. Nicholson had the delicate attention to address the news of the victory, in a short letter to the Earl of Chesterfield, for communication to his Majesty at Weymouth.—In his answers to the enquiries put to him at the Board of Admiralty, he is said to have conveyed a strong persuasion; that Admiral Sir Robert Calder was in a position in regard to the enemy, that rendered it possible for him to force them to a second action; and that he would not fail to do so, as soon as the ropes should have been spliced, and a few other necessary repairs made in the rigging of his ships.
Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, have however, passed without bringing us farther intelligence from that quarter. Yet we cannot imagine it possible for the combined fleets to escape. Should they pass down the coast of Portugal; they will be intercepted by Admiral Collingwood. They can scarce take a north-west course, without falling in with the squadron of Lord Nelson, or the fleet under Adm. Cornwallis.—Admiral Calder was in a situation to prevent, as we should apprehend, their junction with the force at Ferrol, or their retreat into Corunna.—We can scarce imagine it possible, that they should wholly escape.
The fleet of merchantmen that was known to be on its voyage home from Barbados, 22 sail, under convoy of the Heron sloop of war, has arrived in safety. A report contradictory to the account of the capture of the fleet from Antigua, was, a few days since, propagated. But, it has not been confirmed. And though no such prizes were found in company with the combined fleets on the coast of Spain,—we must not, from that, too hastily infer, that they were not taken.
LONDON GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY.
Wednesday, July 31.
ADMIRALTY OFFICE, JULY 31.
Copy of a Letter from the hon. Admiral Cornwallis, Commander in Chief of his Majesty's Ships and Vessels in the Channel, &c. to William Marsden, Esq.
VILLE DE PARIS OFF USHANT, 28th July, 1805. Eight P. M.
SIR, I have the pleasure to enclose, for the information of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, a letter from Vice-Admiral Sir Robert Calder, giving an account of his success against the combined Squadron France and Spain.
I have the honour to be, &c.
W. CORNWALLIS.
PRINCE OF WALES, July 23.
SIR, Yesterday at noon, lat. 43 deg. 30 min. N. long. 11 deg. 17 min. W. I was favoured with a view of the combined Squadrons of France and Spain, consisting of twenty sail of the line, also three large ships, armed en flûte, of about 50 guns each, with five frigates, and three brigs; the force under my directions at this time, consisting of fifteen sail of the line, two frigates, a cutter, and a lugger. I immediately stood towards the enemy with the squadron, making needful signals for battle in the closest order; and, on closing with them, I made the signal for attacking their centre. When I had reached their rear, I tacked the squadron in succession; this brought us close up under their lee, and when our headmost ships reached their centre, the enemy were tacking in succession; this obliged me to make again the same manoeuvre, by which I brought on an action which lasted upwards of four hours, when I found it necessary to bring to the squadron to cover the two captured ships, whose names are in the margin. I have to observe, the enemy had every advantage of wind and weather during the whole day. The weather had been foggy at times, a great part of the morning; and very soon after we had brought them to action, the fog was so very thick at intervals, that we could with great difficulty see the ship a-head or a-stern of us; this rendered it impossible to take the advantages of the enemy by signals, I could have wished to have done; had the weather been more favourable, I am led to believe the victory would have been more complete.
I have very great pleasure in saying, every ship was conducted in the most masterly style; and I beg leave here publicly to return every captain, officer, and man, whom I had the honour to command on that day, my most grateful thanks, for their conspicuously gallant and very judicious good conduct.
The hon. capt. Gardner, of the Hero, led the van squadron in a most masterly and officer-like manner, to whom I feel myself particularly indebted; as
St. Rafael, 84 guns. Firme, 74 guns.

to capt. Cumming, for his assistance during the action.
Enclosed is a list of the killed and wounded on board the different ships. If I may judge from the great slaughter on board the captured ships, the enemy must have suffered greatly. They are now in sight to windward; and when I have secured the captured ships, and put the squadron to rights, I shall endeavour to avail myself of any opportunity that may offer to give you some further account of these combined squadrons.
I have the honour to be, &c.
R. CALDER.
Hon. Admiral Cornwallis.
List of the Ships of the Squadron under the Orders of Vice Admiral Sir Robert Calder, Bart. on the 22d of July, 1805.
Hero, A. H. Gardner—1 killed, 4 wounded. Ajax, William Brown—2 killed, 16 wounded. Triumph, Henry Inman—5 killed, 6 wounded. Barfleur, George Martin—3 killed, 7 wounded. Agamemnon, John Harvey—3 wounded. Windsor Castle, C. Boyles—10 killed, 33 wounded. Defiance, P. C. Durham—1 killed, 7 wounded. Prince of Wales, Vice-Admiral Sir Robert Calder, and Capt. W. Cuming—3 killed, 20 wounded. Repulse, Hon. A. K. Degré—4 wounded. Raisonable, Josias Rowley—1 killed, 1 wounded. Dragon, Edward Griffiths—None. Glory, Rear-Admiral Sir Charles Stirling, and Captain Samuel Warren—1 killed, 1 wounded. Warrior, S. Hood Linzee—None. Thunderer, W. Lechmere—7 killed, wounded. Malta, Edward Buller—5 killed, 40 wounded.
FRIGATES.
Egyptienne, Hon. C. E. Fleming—No return. Sirius, W. Prewse—2 killed, 3 wounded. Frisk Cutter, Lieut. J. Nicholson—None. Nile Luger, Lieut. G. Fennel—None. Total—41 killed, 158 wounded.
(Signed) R. CALDER.
THE FLEETS.
The following is a correct List of the Ships, with the weight of metal or number of guns, and the order of battle, of the Combined Fleets, and the British Squadron, under the command of Sir Robert Calder:
   British Ships. Guns.    Hero, 74  Ajax, 74  Triumph, 74  Barfleur, 98  Agamemnon, 64  Windsor Castle, 98  Defiance, 74  Prince of Wales (flag) 98  Repulse, 74  Raisonable, 74  Dragon, 74  Glory (flag) 98  Warrior, 74  Thunderer, 74  Malta, 80  Egyptienne frigate, 44  Sirius frigate, 36  Nile lugger, 14  Frisk cutter, 8  Total, 1294  French and Spanish, Guns.  Terrible, 74  Argonaute (flag) 84  St. Jago Española, 64  St. Jago America, 64  Santa Raphael, 84  Neptune, 98  Firme, 74  Pluton, 80  Montblanc, 80  Atalante, 74  Berwick, 74  Rucentaur (flag) 80  Formidable (flag) 98  Intrepide, 74  Swiftsure, 74  Indomptable, 74  Scipion, 74  Aquilon, 74  Algeziras, 74  Three 50's, armed en flute, 50  Hermoine, 50  Hortense, 44  Syren, 44  Thamise, 40  La Rhin, 44  Torche (corvette) 28  Brig, 28  Brig, 28  Total, 1698  
Majority in favour of the Enemy. Guns in the line 388. Taken St. Raphael 80 | Firme, 74. St. Raphael, killed 150 | Wounded, 150. Many More still on board wounded.—Firme, no return.
Accounts from several places, state with certainty that the remainder of the combined fleet have got into Vigo, a port in Spain, to the southward of Cape Finistere.
THE BATTLE.
The following letter from a midshipman on board the EGYPTIENNE frigate to a relation in London, contains some particulars which, we think, will not prove unacceptable to our readers:
On board his Majesty's ship Egyptienne, July 29, 1805, Plymouth Sound.
Ere this reaches you I suppose you will have heard of Sir Robert Calder's having fallen in with the combined fleets of France and Spain off Cape Finistere, and as the Egyptienne was with the English squadron I can give you as circumstantial an account of the action as you can as yet have received by the papers. Our squadron consisted of fifteen line of battle ships, two frigates, a lugger, and cutter. The enemy twenty line of battle ships, seven frigates, two brigs, and a Spanish galleon of 16 guns. July 22, a little before noon, the Defiance being on the look out ahead, made the signal for several strange vessels to the S. E. The admiral immediately made the signal to make all sail, and prepare for battle, our two frigates being directed to keep sight of the enemy. The advanced line of battle ships at two P. M. made the signal for thirty sail. Shortly after they were seen from our deck, forming the line of battle on the larboard tack. We continued to stand on till we were within gun shot of them, when we have to observe them. The line appeared to be well formed and regular. One of their frigates had the galleon in tow. Our line was formed on starboard tack, and was nobly led into action by the Egyptienne. At 5 P. M. the action commenced. As we being the headmost ship of our line, some of the sternmost ships of the enemy hoisted Spanish colours and two of their line gave us a broadside, which we returned; and we since learned that the first broadside they got, which was from us, shot away the second captain's leg, and did some other damage. One of them bore up and raked us, but did us no material injury.—Our line, who followed us close up, now began to open their fire on the enemy; the weather being now become very thick and foggy,
we were merely directed by the report of guns. As the fog began to clear away, and the Windsor Castle was perceived firing a broadside into the enemy's vessels passing on the opposite tacks. Five minutes past six, the firing was continued without interruption. I saw the Ajax behaving worthy the name she bore. Half past seven saw the Windsor Castle with her foretop-mast shot away, the firing rather slackened. The fog clearing a little, saw one of the enemy with her main and mizen-masts gone, having struck to the Malta, running out of the line. The Windsor Castle appears to have suffered considerably, but continued fighting gloriously. The firing continued; the horizon appeared like a line of vivid lightning. Three quarters past nine the firing ceased; made sail to join the fleet; people still at quarters. At ten we spoke the Glory, who requested us to take charge of two captured vessels; bore up for them; spoke the Thunderer, she informed us of her having six men killed and seventeen wounded; bore away for the prizes and boarded one of them, found her in a most terrible situation, having 150 men killed and 40 wounded; next day took her in tow. They are both Spaniards; one of them an 80 gun ship, and the other a 74. On board of the two captured ships were altogether, 500 men killed and wounded. The British fleet not above 50 killed in the whole, and not many more wounded. We left Sir Robert Calder in expectation of attacking the enemy again very soon, and he dispatched us and the Sirius frigate, with each of us a prize in tow, for England, to the regret of every body on board, with the Windsor Castle, which is disabled. (Signed) "GEORGE HUTCHINGS."
ANOTHER LETTER.
Egyptienne, Plymouth Sound, July 31.
"It is with pleasure I write to inform you, of our success since my last letter.—On Friday, 12th of July off Rochefort, a brig came to inform us, that the combined fleets were seen a few days before that, returning from the West-Indies; accordingly our fleet made all sail to join the squadron off Ferrol, which we did on Monday, July 15; our force then consisted of fifteen sail of the line two frigates, a lugger and a cutter.
"We steered westward, until Monday the 22d. A little before noon the Defiance, which was our look-out ship, made signal for the enemy. At two we could distinctly perceive the enemy consisted of 20 sail of the line, six frigates, two brigs, a sloop of war and a merchant vessel. The admiral made the signal to prepare for battle. At four the Egyptienne passed from the van to the rear of the enemy, almost within musket shot. The admiral made the signal to engage the centre of the enemy, and this was the last signal which could be observed during the action, the fog and smoke being so thick as to render it impossible for them to be seen. At five, perceived the leading ship of the enemy's line appearing through the fog; she soon came abreast of us, followed by two others, hoisted Spanish colours, and commenced the action by her broadside at the Hero. The second and third ships discharged their broadsides at us and the Sirius, which was instantly returned. We then bore up, to make for our line, and owing to the thickness of the weather, ran between the 6th and 7th ships of the enemy's line; the former fired her broadside, fortunately without effect. The British and combined fleets tacked in succession, and the former kept up a very heavy fire upon the enemy. Both fleets were now totally hid in the fog and smoke. At half past nine, it being quite dark, the firing ceased. At ten, hailed the Glory who directed us to take charge of two captured ships; we accordingly bore up for them, sent boats on board, and lay by them during the night. On the 23d, at five in the morning, we took the El Firme in tow, as did the Sirius the San Raphael, two Spaniards. The San Raphael had 200 men killed, and 80 wounded. Each had 900 men on board at the beginning of the action.—Thursday, July 25. The admiral sent the Windsor Castle to join us, being so much disabled, she could not engage any more. She had 6 men killed and 37 wounded, which was the greatest loss any of our ships sustained. All the rest of our squadron was very little worse for the action. At twelve the admiral made signal for us to make all sail for England. Our fleet then bore down upon the enemy, which was just in sight of our look-out ships, when I hope the next account you receive in London will be a total victory over them. We have a great many Spanish officers on board, and about one hundred of the men, who are the poorest wretches I ever saw. Since we have had them on board, there is scarce a day passes but two or three of them die, notwithstanding we take all possible care of them. We arrived yesterday at Plymouth, in company with the Windsor Castle, Sirius, and the two prizes; but were immediately put under quarantine. All the afternoon the people are coming off in boats, in great crowds, to look at us."
August 3.
Three Hamburg mails arrived last night. The letters by these mails confirms the departure of M. Novosilzoff, from Berlin on his way to Petersburg. Great efforts are making to reinforce the Austrian army on the frontiers of Italy, and every thing indicates a speedy extension of the war. Unfortunately for Austria, some of her states have for some time been afflicted with a scarcity.
Private letters from Paris state, that Buonaparte returned from Italy sooner than was expected, on account of some pretended plots discovered by Fouche, and some real discontent among the troops along the coast, whose pay was, until the first of July, three months behind. Though several examples of severity have been shewn, the mutinous disposition continued, and instead of abating, increased. This was particularly the case with the troops encamped near Brest, under the command of Augereau.—Last month the Irish guides attached to that army presented a petition for their pay to this general, and complained bitterly of their sufferings. The six persons deputed to present the petition were immediately shot, and the whole corps ordered to be reorganized. Some of the officers were broken, and others condemned to transportation to Cayenne. They were all succeeded by Frenchmen, with whom the Irish guides are very dissatisfied. Two regiments of dragoons and four battalions of infantry, were, on account of their mutinous disposition, sent by Augereau to the interior, from whence the minister Berthier ordered them to Italy. It is reported at Paris, that when on the 21st June, Augereau ordered his army to embark on board the fleet under Gantheume, the troops, to a man, refused to obey, until their arrears due to them were acquitted.
August 8.
An order, it is said, was sent to all the outports some time ago, instructing our cruisers to detain all American vessels which have on board property not the property of the United States. This order has been already acted upon, and several ships have been stopped. The American consul, it is reported, applied to government for an explanation; but we are not acquainted with the answer he received.
It has been ascertained that the American ships have for a length of time been in the practice of going to the Isle of France, and the French ports in the West-Indies, to bring away produce, which they finally carried into French or Dutch ports. Their usual custom was to touch at an American port, in order to give the cargo the appearance of being American property; but it is very well known that such cargoes were never landed. It is in consequence of these proceedings, that the orders above mentioned have been issued.
We yesterday received Paris Journals to the 28th, but they contain little or nothing of continental politics. The bustle of preparation for invasion prevails all along the coast. A large body of the imperial guard have arrived at Boulogne, and Buonaparte himself is soon expected.
It seems, indeed, as if ministers were apprehensive of some attack, as the East India ships at Falmouth have been ordered to be ready to give every assistance upon the coast that might be required, and the Belliqueux, their convoy, is called away to other service. The Downs squadron has been reinforced by the Ruby, Polypemus, and Princess of Orange, ships of the line.
Some doubts are entertained as to the fact of a squadron having sailed from Rochefort and L'Orient. It is certain that no other accounts of it than what the Moniteur furnishes, has been received. At the same time it is not true, we apprehend, that admiral Sterling has, since his separation with Sir R. Calder, had time to reconnoitre the harbour of Rochefort, and send home any information, as was reported he had done.
With respect to the destination of that squadron, there are various conjectures, some think it is gone round to the Texel to join the Dutch fleet, and take troops on board, or under convoy, to attempt the invasion of Ireland, or perhaps Scotland, or the North of England. Indeed the same destination is ascribed to the combined fleets, notwithstanding their late defeat. The Dutch fleet certainly is not of force sufficient by itself, to meet almost any of our squadrons; but there are a good many transports in the Texel, so that if our blockading squadron were driven off, a formidable expedition, in point of military strength, might be sent out. It is very probable that a desperate attempt will be made to effect a landing in some part of the United Kingdom, to distract our attention and divide our force before the flotilla be sent out from Bologne. We never have for a moment believed that Buonaparte has abandoned the project of employing that armament in the invasion of England.
August 9.
We received yesterday French papers to the 1st inst. and some Dutch Journals to a still more recent date. They confirm the intelligence given in our last relative to the forward state of the enemy's preparations for the invasion of this country. In the Dutch ports, in particular, an unprecedented degree of activity prevails, and all the General Officers to be employed on the occasion, are repairing to the Helder, in order to superintend the embarkation of the troops. The camp at Zeist has entirely broken up; and from every appearance the long threatened attack of our shores will not be much longer delayed.
The arrest of the French Engineer at Venice, to which we adverted in our paper of Monday, as being likely to lead to a rupture between Buonaparte and the Emperor of Austria, has to all appearance, been compromised. Buonaparte, by commanding the arrest of an Austrian of high rank, at Paris, showed he was not disposed to concede the smallest point of that retaliation which is the best and most immediate resource on such occasions. The right of power, of which Buonaparte has in so many instances availed himself, must have been in his contemplation as a guarantee of the safety of these emissaries, when he sent them on their mission. He knew he was sending them on an enterprise, for which it would be lawful to hang them; but he knew, at the same time, that by menacing the lives of persons of higher rank and respectability under the Austrian government, without regard either to the guilty nature of these charges he gave to his emissaries, or to the purity of the conduct of those he would place under similar restraints and penalties with those so justly inflicted upon them, he would interest the tenderness, and overawe the vengeance of government less sanguinary than his own; he would compel them to spare his villains, in order to preserve their own valuable servants. M. Prony, who was arrested at Venice, is said to be one of the first engineers of the age. The respect due to science is great; but if the dignity of science is lost sight of by those who claim respect for it, who can with justice be called upon to honour it? When M. Prony consented to go on a mission unworthy of a man of respectable character, much more of a man of eminent scientific station, he abandoned his pretensions to that inviolability to which the honoured neutrality of science is justly entitled, when it restricts itself within its proper bounds. If the object of Mr. Prony's researches was fair, it would have been easy to obtain the countenance and protection of the Court of Vienna for his mission; and it would have been his duty, as a man of science, to have obtained for himself the highest honours, and the most inviolable character to which he could be supposed entitled. But by proceeding in a clandestine and improper war, he brought disgrace and difficulty upon himself, and sacrificed the respect due to the scientific character. As to the explanation which may be supposed to have taken place in consequence of the mutual arrest, and the reciprocal liberation, we are totally unacquainted with them. We recollect, that under similar circumstances our government sent the suspected individuals out of the country, and in so doing it certainly did no more than it was intitled to do. Whether this proceeding was resorted to by Austria we cannot say; but we think that power ought not to content itself with any thing less. Possibly the French government may have conceded a little for the purpose of veiling its barefaced designs. Possibly though we hope it is not so, the Court of Vienna has been obliged to admit what in the first instance it felt itself called upon so decidedly to repress. At all events, it is clear that both France and Austria are, for the present, averse to a recommencement of hostilities, and that though neither can be cordially the friend of the other, they think it right to suppress and manage their causes of complaint till they can bring them forward with more effect. We are glad to see France tardy in seeking a quarrel with Austria. It is natural that Austria should be tardy till the other powers are ready to stand forward. We trust the day of the great and combined effort is not far distant; we trust that effort will be attended with merited success.
In the mean time, we find the military preparations in Austria are daily increasing; numerous corps have received orders to proceed by the shortest marches to the Italian frontiers, and every thing sufficiently indicates that Austria is fully aware of the tremendous struggle which she must shortly make, to check the alarming aggressions of her outrageous and unprincipled neighbour.
VIENNA, July 6.
The preparations for war still continue with great activity, and transports of artillery and ammunition are daily passing into inner Austria. The regiments in garrison here have received orders to be ready to march by the 26th inst. There is now in Inner Austria, in Italy, and the Tyrol, an army of from 180,000 to 200,000 men.
AMSTERDAM, July 20.
In our Courant under the head Paris, it is said, that another commander has been appointed to the Rochefort fleet, in the place of Rear Admiral Mississey, who is gone to Bordeaux, and who, notwithstanding his splendid expedition, has drawn on himself some discontent.
HAERLEM, July 22.
The note transmitted by Baron Novosilzoff to Baron Hardenberg, was in consequence of the arrival of a courier from St. Petersburg, who has made the whole way to Berlin in seven days, with unpre-
cedent speed. On the 5th a courier arrived at Berlin, from London; and on the 13th another courier, coming from Berlin, passed through Hamburg, to proceed to England by the way of Husum. Besides the Batavian squadron in the Texel, another expedition is fitting out in the Maese, where the greatest activity prevails to accomplish the preparation. The Chatham, of 84, and the Pieter Paulus of 64 guns, are expected to be ready in a few days, to join two Batavian frigates, and two French brigs which are already in the roads. This squadron will immediately be joined by the necessary transports for about 4000 French troops, which are already on their march to Helvoetsluys, where every thing is preparing for their reception. The victualling of this squadron for eight months, seems to indicate that it is destined either for a long or a distant expedition, and at any rate it is certain, from the excessive hurry to get every thing ready, that much importance is attached to this expedition.
PARIS, July 24.
The official Journal of yesterday contains the following remarkable observations relative to the mission of the Russian Chamberlain Novosilzoff, which are sufficient to convince us that we are not to expect the arrival of that gentleman in this city.
"Russia, through the mediation of Prussia, had applied for passports for a Chamberlain, whom she was disposed to send to Paris to his majesty the Emperor. Passports were accordingly furnished, as they ought to have been, without demanding any explanation. Since that period the English papers have discovered to us somewhat of the object of Monsieur Novosilzoff's mission. After many orders and counter orders, the Chamberlain, who arrived at Berlin, has returned to St. Petersburg, and his mission appears to be at an end. If Monsieur Novosilzoff was to have been the bearer of proposals for England, it is for her to consider what course she will now pursue. Are we to consider the overtures made by the Emperor of the French, six months ago, to that power, as already answered, or does England still reserve the answer? This question, it must be obvious, can be resolved only by the cabinet of London."
July 25.
The Emperor is still at St. Cloud; every thing, however, is in readiness for his departure. The general opinion here is, that within a very short time some attempt will be made upon England.
July 26.
According to a private letter from Rochelle, dated the 16th instant, the squadron at the Isle of Aix, consisting of eight sail of the line and several frigates, under the command of Monsieur Sallemard, put to sea the day before, and shaped its course to the southward, in line of battle, with a very favourable wind. Four and twenty hours after, nothing further had been heard respecting it, and it was therefore inferred that it had met with no obstruction. As the wind still continued favourable, it is probable that it has already made considerable progress on its voyage.
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED.
Brig Eliza Henry, Chase, 12 days from Montsereat, Rum & Sugar, Warren Ashley.
Sch'r Margaret Tingey, English, 9 days from Savannah, Ballast, Moses Myers.
Sch'r Ploughboy, Langdon, 17 days from Martinique, Molasses, James Young.
Sch'r Charming Mary, Potter, 8 days from Philadelphia.
Sch'r Ann Ballard, Moffit, 14 days from Martinique, Sugar, James Young.
In Hampton Roads, brig Hero, Thomson, 4 days from New-York, bound to St. Domingo.
The brigs George, 16 days from Cape Francois, and Commerce, 18 days from Barbadoes, both bound to Alexandria, went up the bay yesterday.
Ship Mammoth, Mork, was to have sailed from Bourdeaux for this port the 20th August.
Boston, Sept. 11.
This day arrived, "the Boston Importing Company's" fast sailing ship Sally, Webber, 28 days from Liverpool. Left there Aug. 11. ship Duffries, Beard, Norfolk, ready for sea; the Jane, Colley, do. Julia, Vickery, do. Charles Carter, Tompkins, do. to sail August 25.—Sailed in company George, Towns, for Norfolk.
From Lloyd's List, from 19th July to 6 Aug.
At Falmouth—the brig Rover, Waite, from Norfolk, appeared off this port and proceeded on for Amsterdam. At Cowes—Hunter, Bayne, Virginia; Rernt Anker, Bossen, do. Gravesend, Triton, Frazier, Virginia. At Clyde—Hope, M'George, from Virginia. At Dublin—Yorkshire, Lee, from Norfolk. At Liverpool—Sch'r Charleston, from Virginia.
SALE AT AUCTION, BY F. SMITH.
On Friday next, the 17th instant, at 10 o'clock,
WILL BE SOLD,
For ready money, at the Dwelling House of Mr. Philip Menop, in Church-Street,
A VARIETY OF GENTEL HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE.
Comprising—Beds, Bedding, Tables, Chairs, Side-Board, Sofa, some elegant Cut Glass, a handsome Passage Lamp, &c. &c. &c.
September 23.
162
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER,
To any Port on the Continent, (Philadelphia, or New-York, will be preferred,) or to the West Indies, the fast sailing Schooner
CHARMING MARY.
Charles Potter, Master:—Burthen 1200 barrels. If not applied for in a few days, will take freight for Richmond. For terms apply to the Master on board, at Maxwell's wharf, or
THOMAS ALLAN.
September 23.
Avis aux Refugiés de St. Domingue.
LE Sous Commissaire des Relations Commerciales de France en Virginie à la résidence de Norfolk, invite réitérativement les Colons Réfugiés de St. Domingue, victimes de la dernière évacuation, qui désirent passer en France, à se présenter au Commissariat, à l'effet de s'y faire inscrire, soit pour un passage immédiat, soit pour la conservation de leur droit, à une époque plus éloignée. La Liste sera ouverte pendant un mois à compter du 23 Septembre, 1805.
163
OSTER.
BRANDY AND CLARET.
10 Pipes 4th proof COGNAC BRANDY. 27 Hogsheads, } CLARET WINE. 50 Boxes, } Of superior quality, imported in the ship Sheffield, Capt. Cowper, from Bourdeaux.—And for sale, by
Donaldson, Thorburn & Co.
September 23.
2w
161
AUCTION.
By James Taylor, Jun.
On TUESDAY, September 24th, at 10 o'Clock, at the New Market,
40 Tierces } Superior SUGARS. 60 Barrels }
For approved Notes at 60 and 90 days.
September 29
169