Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1805-04-05 00:00:00

WHOLESALE PRICE-CURRENT.
NORFOLK, FRIDAY, APRIL 5, 1805.
Table with 5 columns: ARTICLES, per, From, To, Remarks. Lists prices for various goods like Bacon, Beef, Brandy, Bread, Butter, Candles, Coal, Cocoa, Coffee, Cordage, Cotton, Duck, Flour, Fish, Fustick, Gin, Grain, Hemp, Hides, Hog's-Lard, Indigo, Iron, Lead, Meal, Molasses, Peas, Pepper, Pimento, Pitch, Pork, Raisins, Rice, Rosin, Rum, Salt, Shingles, Staves, Tar, Tobacco, Tallow, Turpentine, Wax, Wines.
Premiums of Insurance on American Property. To Great-Britain, Ireland, Portugal, and Spain, without the Straights of Gibraltar. France, Holland, Bremen, and Embden. In the Mediterranean, - - - - - Madeira, Canaries, Azores, and Cape de Verd Islands, - - - - - British and Neutral Windward Islands from Barbadoes to St. Thomas - - - Jamaica and Honduras, - - - - - Porto Rico, - - - - - Havana, - - - - - Cape-Francis, (unarmed) - - - - - Ports in the Bight of Leogane, - - - - - Ports on the South side of St. Domingo, Persia, India, and China, - - - - - Coasters, - - - - - Prices of Stocks. Virginia Bank, 12 dolls. per share, advance. Norfolk Marine Insurance Company, shares 65 per cent. advance. United States Bank, 580 dolls. per share. Exchange on London, 1 per cent. under par.
FOR CHARTER, THE SHIP YORKSHIRE, William Lee, Master:— Momently expected from Jamaica. She is a fine ship nearly new, and burthen about 400 hogsheads. A preference would be given to a freight for Liverpool. Warren Ashley.
THE FAST SAILING BRIG HIRAM, Thomas Harding, Master:— Will sail on Friday next for Charleston. For passage only, having elegant accommodations, apply on board, at Gibson's wharf, or to Martin Fisk.
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The fine new and fast sailing American Ship PERSEVERANCE, Capt. Follansbee. Burthen 292 tons, and will be ready immediately for the reception of a cargo. For terms apply to ROBERT GIBSON.
Who has for Sale, on board said Ship, A few Hogsheads New-England RUM. He has also for Sale, on board the Ship Two Generals, Capt. Besson, 400 SACKS SALT.
FOR SALE, A superior Pilot Boat Schooner of about 90 tons burthen—building in Matthews County, and will be finished in 60 days.—For terms apply to WILSON, CUNNINGHAM & CO.
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The fine new Ship CHARLES, Samuel Chauncy, Master:— Burthen 450 hogsheads tobacco.—For terms apply to PHINEHAS DANA & CO.
WANTED, Two or three Crafts of easy draft of water, to load at Plymouth, N. C. for this port. C. & F. WHITTLE.
FOR BOSTON, The Schooner PRESIDENT, Capt. KELLEY. Will sail in two or three days. For freight or passage apply to MARTIN FISK.
WHO HAS FOR SALE—A-FLOAT. The Cargo of the Brig Hiram, Capt. Harding, from Charleston.—Consisting of 500 Tierces RICE.
ALSO, The Cargo of the Schooner Three Friends, Captain Hawes, from Charleston.—Consisting of 160 Tierces RICE.—And A few Bales COTTON.
LIKEWISE, The Cargo of the Schooner Rising Sun, Captain Taylor, from Savannah.—Consisting of 200 Tierces RICE. IN STORE, 50 Barrels Boston Bay MACKEREL. 30 Half bbls. Mess BEEF, for family use—superior qual. 6 Half Pipes Port WINE. 100 Boxes Mould CANDLES. 100 do. Brown SOAP. 6 Hogsheads Antigua RUM. 10 do. N. E. do. 10 Pipes Holland GIN. 5 do. Cognac BRANDY, superior quality.
WANTED TO CHARTER, An American vessel of about 150 tons burthen, for Europe, for which a cargo is now ready. Apply to MOSES MYERS.
FOR BOURDEAUX, The staunch well built Ship PATSEY, David G. Bowles, Master:— Will be ready to receive her cargo in ten days. For freight or passage, apply to Messrs. Galligo, Richard & Co. Richmond; Rambaut, Cernon & Co. Petersburg; or to JAMES MAURICE & CO.
FOR CHARTER, THE BRIG WARREN, Solomon Deumison, Master:— A new vessel, burthen 1500 barrels flour, and ready to receive a cargo. Apply to the master on board or to WILLIAM PENNOCK.
I WANT TO CHARTER, A BRITISH VESSEL, of about 200 tons burthen, for Europe. MOSES MYERS.
FOR CHARTER, THE AMERICAN SCHOONER THOMAS, Burthen 800 Barrels. In complete order to receive a cargo. C. & F. WHITTLE.
Landing from on board the Schooner Brave, Darius Fribbee, Master, from St. Vincent, at Commerce-Street Wharf, 35 Puncheons RUM. 13 Hogsheads MOLASSES. PHINEHAS DANA & CO.
NOTICE. HAVING given Mr. STEPHENS PARHAM, a concern in my Business, the Firm in future, will be PHINEHAS DANA & CO. PHINEHAS DANA.
A vessel of about 150 to 200 tons burthen is wanted on Charter, for Jamaica. JOHN GRANBERY.
NOW LANDING Fromon board the Ships Juno and Courtney, from Jamaica, 360 Hogsheads RUM. For sale by WILLIAM PENNOCK.
WHO OFFERS FOR CHARTER, THE SHIP JANE, of 417 Tons. JUNO, of 260 do. COURTNEY, of 200 do. All ready to receive cargoes. A VILLANOUS ACT.
ON Saturday night, or early on Sunday morning last, some villain, or villains, entered an out-house adjoining Captain Pennock's stable, and terminated the existence of my HORSE, by cutting his throat.—Whoever will give such information of the perpetrator, or perpetrators, as will bring him or them to justice, shall receive the above reward. John Madden, No. 17, Main-Street.
TO RENT. THE Store, Cellar, and Compting Room, No. 41, Main-Street, at present occupied by Messrs. GILLIAT & MACKINDER. Apply to Thomas Willock.
I HAVE FOR SALE, 230 Tierces STONE LIME. 200 Boxes Fresh RAISINS. John Proudfit.
LANDING ON NEWTON'S WHARF, 25 Puncheons fine flavoured Nevis RUM. 11 do. do. Antigua do. IN STORE, 100 Bbls. New-York Prime BEEF and PORK. 50 Bags COFFEE. 20 Tierces Holland OIL. 30 Barrels Liver do. 20 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE. Wilson, Cunningham & Co.
THE Stockholders in the Marine Insurance Company of Norfolk, are informed, that an Election of Fifteen Directors of the said Company, will be held at this Office, on Wednesday the 1st day of May next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon. John Cowper, Sec'y.
WILL BE LANDED TOMORROW, From the Schooner Hero, from Boston, for Sale by the Subscriber, 50 Barrels No. 2 BEEF. 50 Boxes COD FISH, in fine order for the West-India Market. 40 Kegs Choice BUTTER, for Family use. Martin Fisk.
AS, notwithstanding the repeated notices heretofore given, many instances of neglect on the part of Masters of British vessels, entering this port, continue to occur; His Britannick Majesty's Consul, once more informs all persons concerned, "that it is the duty of all Masters of British Merchants, at, or soon after their arrival, to produce before him the Registers of their respective vessels, and to deposit with him, until they shall be ready to depart, their Mediterranean Passes, if any they have.—The Consul further notifies that he shall return to the proper Department in England, the names of all Masters of British vessels, who shall fail to comply with the above regulation; and that, in cases of such failure, he shall conceive himself authorized to withhold from the Defaulters any Protection, Advice, or Assistance, for which they may have occasion to apply to him in his official capacity—and he requests of the Merchants to whom British Bottoms may come consigned, to inform the Masters thereof of the necessity of their conforming to the preceding rule," as he is determined not to take any official cognizance of such as may refuse, or neglect to comply therewith. Office hours from eight in the morning, until two in the afternoon.
NOW LANDING On Newton's Wharf, from on board the Schooner Plough-Boy, Captain Davis, from Martinique, 62 Hogsheads, 4 Tierces, 66 Barrels, 9 do. Muscovado Sugar. COFFEE. WILLIAM PENNOCK.
THE NOREOLK RACES, WILL COMMENCE On WHITSON MONDAY, the 3rd of June. 1st Day, a Sweepstake for 3 years old Colts, one mile heats, 86lbs. on each; 50 dollars entrance, half forfeit; the nag intended to run must be described to the Subscriber, by the 1st of May, at which time the Subscription closes. 2d Day, a Sweepstake for 4 years old Colts this spring (that did not win a Purse or Sweepstake of more than 200 dollars last fall) two mile heats, with 100 lbs. on each, 50 dollars entrance, half forfeit; the nags must be described, and the Subscription will close as above. To this there are three Subscribers. On the same day, there will be a Give and Take Sweepstake, two mile heats, 50 dollars entrance. 3d Day, the Town and Country Subscription Purse, warranted worth 400 dollars, and the money hung up, 4 mile heats; 25 dollars entrance; weight for age. 4th Day, a Quarter Cask of Madeira, one mile heats, with catches, the best 3 in 5; free of entrance to Subscribers to the Races and, the starter of a horse to any other day's running; to any other person 10 dollars. 5th Day a Purse of 200 dollars, 2 mile heats, weight for age; entrance 15 dollars. The Boys will be expected to be dressed in a Jockey like manner, and the entrances will be made with the Subscriber the day preceding each day's running. Stables and Litter found gratis. R. H. COCKE.
SINGING SCHOOL. THOSE Ladies who wish to attend the Singing School, are respectfully informed, that the days of meeting will be Mondays and Fridays, at the Presbyterian Church, at 4 o'clock. The Gentlemen are requested to give their attendance at the house of Mrs. Patterson, on the same evening at 7 o'clock. NATHANIEL FITZ.
MARTIN FISK, HAS JUST RECEIVED, FOR SALE, 50 Barrels APPLES, in prime order. 50 Kegs Choice BUTTER, for Family use. ALSO—ON CONSIGNMENT, 3 Trunks UMBRELLAS. Which will be sold low.
REMOVAL. THE SUBSCRIBERS Have removed from MAIN-STREET, to the NEW FIRE-PROOF WAREHOUSE, in MARKET-SQUARE. Gilliat & Mackinder.
LACED CAMBRICKS. PHILIP HENOP, NOW OFFERS FOR SALE, A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT of LACED Cambrick Muslin—Diagonal and Spotted Spider-Plain, Spotted, Sprigged, and Tamboured Leno Gauze—Elegant 6-4 Tamboured and Spotted Leno Shawls—Super-Super Leno—Laced and Diagonal ditto.—Just received, via New-York, and of the very newest and most fashionable patterns.
A FEW FRAILS OF FRESH RAISINS AND FIGS. For Sale by MARTIN FISK.
FALL AND WINTER GOODS. THE SUBSCRIBER Has received from the Big COMMERCE, from LONDON, and Ship BRUCE, from LIVERPOOL, A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF FALL AND WINTER GOODS, which he offers for sale, by Wholesale or Retail, on moderate terms. Richard Taylor.
ALSO—A FEW BALES BEST TWILLED SACKING.
BOARDING. WILLIAM BEALS, BEGS leave to inform his friends and the Publick, that he has taken the house lately occupied by Mrs. Bryan, in Commerce-Street, where he can accommodate ten or twelve Gentlemen with genteel BOARDING and LODGING.
Looking Glasses, Prints and Picture Frames, Thermometers, and Barometers, for sale—and old ones repaired, by Mr. VECCHIO, at the house of Mr. Beals.
DOCTOR HODGES, INFORMS his Friends and the Publick, that he has again OPENED shop on Main-Street, at the head of Rothery's Lane.
HE OFFERS TO LEASE, THREE LOTS OF GROUND, One running partly on Main-Street, and partly on Rothery's Lane—and two situate on said Lane. He will rent out a part of the House which he occupies as a Shop.
TO HIRE, For the remainder of the year, A MULATTO WOMAN, Who is a good servant—Apply at the Norfolk Hotel.
200 Tierces NEW RICE. Just received, and for Sale by MOSES MYERS.
FOR SALE, Pursuant to the Will of William Samuel Peachy, deceased. Peachy's Manufacturing Mills and Store-Houses. LYING in the County of Prince George, on Powell's Creek, a navigable stream of James River, and on the main stage road from Norfolk to Petersburg, with about six acres of Land belonging thereto.—One third of the purchase money will be required at the end of eighteen months and three years credit will be given for the residue. The Gentleman to the Mills will be good enough to show them.—For terms apply to Mr. Robert Maitland of Norfolk, or to Thomas Griffin Peachy of Williamsburg.
ALSO FOR SALE, That beautiful Seat on James River (about four miles from the Mills) called FLOWER DE HUNDRED—The Tract of Land belonging to this Seat, contains 1800 acres, extending nearly two miles on the banks of the river, (about half a day's sail from Norfolk, and five hours from Petersburg) a considerable part of the Land is fit for the cultivation of Wheat and Tobacco; it has some valuable Low Ground, and a great deal of Meadow Land, from which in its valuable state, great quantities of Hay may be made; the Land also abounds with good Timber:—The Houses, Garden, Orchards, and other improvements, are extensive and valuable.—As it is presumed that no person would purchase such an estate without first viewing it, a further description is thought needless.—Collier Harrison, Esq. of Charles City, who has viewed the Land and is well acquainted with its quality, will be good enough to show it.—A credit of 9, 13 and 16 years will be given for the greater part of the purchase money, and for the residue four annual payments will be required.—The price may be known by application to Mr. Robert Maitland, or to Mary W. Peachy, and Thomas G. Peachy, of Williamsburg.
FOR SALE, LOGWOOD AND MAHOGANY, Just received per the Schooner Delight from Honduras, viz. 26 Tons LOGWOOD. 3000 Feet MAHOGANY IN LOGS. 2500 do. do. PLANK. Of very superior quality.—Apply to JOHN GRANBERY.
WE HAVE FOR SALE, 1,000 Barrels TURPENTINE. 1,000 do. TAR. 100,000 Red and White-Oak Hhd. STAVES—and 8 Pipes of BRANDY. Gilliat & Mackinder.
NOW LANDING From on board the Schooner Lydia, Capt. Livington, from Antigua 116 Puncheons RUM. For sale by William Pennock.
WHO WANTS TO PURCHASE, RED AND WHITE OAK STAVES—and 22 INCH SHINGLES. November 5.

The Editor of the Richmond Enquirer has furnished his readers with three essays, which he denominates "The Policy of the Federal Party."—We do not design (at least for the present) to follow that Editor with any remarks upon the grounds which he has chosen to assume, nor upon the arguments he has thought proper to advance. There is however one argument brought forward in his paper of the 30th ult. which we deem it our duty to notice, and in which the ingenuity of Mr. Ritchie has either knowingly or unknowingly attempted to mislead his readers, by a sophistry which ought to be exposed.—Wishing to justify his friend, Mr. RANDOLPH, he makes the following observations.
"For a moment let us bring them [the two resolutions lately submitted to Congress] before the tribunal, not of our prejudices, but of our understandings; and see what the experience of other states, what the theory of our own government, what recent incidents, could say in their justification. Mr. Randolph proposes that 'the Judges of the Supreme and all other Courts of the United States, shall be removed on the joint address of both Houses of Congress, requesting the same.'—Will it be an inconsiderable eulogium to this amendment to say, that it has long become one of the settled principles of the British Constitution, that most stupendous monument of human wisdom?—In order to maintain both the dignity and independence of the Judges in the Superior Courts, (says the able commentator on the laws of England) it is enacted, statute 13 W. c. 2, that their commissions shall be made (not, as formerly, durante bene placito , but) quamdiu bene gesserint , and their salaries ascertained and established: but that it may be lawful to remove them on address of both houses of parliament."
We are happy to find that there is something in the British Government or Constitution worthy the commendations of Democrats: we do not however think that Mr. Ritchie has done justice to "that most stupendous monument of human wisdom", as he is pleased to call it; while he endeavours to impress his readers with a belief that the object of Mr. Randolph's resolution is, in this instance, to assimilate the Constitution of the United States to that of England; which is very far from being the case.
The strongest objection against the amendment (what a prostitution of the word!) is that it goes to place the Judiciary dependent on the Legislature. It is in these words.
"The Judges of the Supreme and all other Courts of the United States, shall be removed by the President on the joint address of both Houses of Congress, requesting the same, any thing in the Constitution of the United States to the contrary notwithstanding."
The British Statute it will be observed, in contradiction of the construction attempted to be put upon it by Mr. Ritchie, does not place the Judges at the mercy of the Legislature. The Judges MAY BE removed upon the joint address of both Houses of Parliament, that is provided THE KING be satisfied that they ought to be removed; but not otherwise.—By this, the obvious meaning of the words may be removed, the Throne is constituted the safeguard of the Bench, and empowered to defend it against the intrigues of the Nobles, and the turbulence of the Commons.
The language of Mr. Randolph's resolution is imperative. It ordains that, upon a joint address of both Houses of Congress, the President SHALL, must REMOVE the Judges; he has not the right of hesitating for one moment, but is obliged to obey implicitly the mandate of the Legislature, however convinced of its injustice. Does this resemble the provision of the British Law? Is this, in the words of Sir William Blackstone, "in order to maintain both the dignity and independence of the Judges?"
What now becomes of the justification of Mr. RANDOLPH's innovation, which was to be derived from such a perversion of the meaning of a British law, enacted for the very purpose of protecting the Judges—and which places them alike out of the power of the King, and the two houses of Parliament; and renders it necessary that the three branches should unite in condemning a Judge, before he can be removed?
We are authorized to say that Mr. ARTHUR BUTT has not (as has been industriously reported) declined being considered as a candidate to represent the county of Norfolk in the General Assembly.
Washington Navy Dock.—Our opinions upon the impropriety of making Washington the depo of our navy, have more than once been published—to a certain class of citizens perhaps the following extract may be much more convincing than any thing we have been able to say.—It either escaped us in the Intelligencer, or, what is more probable, the paper containing it never was received.
ANOTHER "PRECIOUS CONFESSION!"
The Randolphis are in the habit of making "precious confessions." The following from Mr. John Randolph, of Virginia, the leader of the Jeffersonian majority in Congress, on the subject of the "Washington Navy Yard," we hope will be read with attention, and though it be a compilation of the statements made in the federal papers on the subject, it is nevertheless worthy of consideration. As it is copied from the "National Intelligencer," Mr. Jefferson's Monitor, its veracity will not be doubted by any partizan of the administration. In the debate in the House of Representatives of the United States, on the 16th January, 1805, on the subject of naval equipments, this Mr. Randolph thus accounts for the delay of those equipments so much complained of, and through which our squadron did not arrive in the Mediterranean in time to assist in the operations against Tripoli.
"It was," said the Premier, "a delay of which indeed the nation might also complain. It was the necessary effect of placing the principal navy in a wilderness. The consequence was that the workmen, the materials, the ship's stores, in short, the supplies of every kind, were to be brought from a distance (sometimes in carriages) at an immense expense of time and money. With some of the fairest cities in
the world, and with more good ports than all Europe, perhaps, could boast, the United States had chosen for their metropolis and naval arsenal, such a spot as Peter the Great had been driven to fix upon by necessity—a morass at the head of a long and tedious navigation; where ships were liable to be frozen up two or three months of the year. With this additional disadvantage, however, that a vessel of any considerable draught of water cannot proceed to sea, without the delay of being attended by lighters to carry her guns, which she must take in below. What is the situation of the ships now in the Eastern Branch? Suppose them ready for sea, and that circumstances required a small squadron to be despatched only to protect the entrance of the Chesapeake, They must wait a thaw!"
Such is the denunciation of Mr. Randolph of the famous Dock-Yard into which Mr. Jefferson has ordered all the American navy, instead of ordering them to Boston and other Atlantic ports. Let the reader collect the complaints of the federalists on this subject; and then let him compare them with this very precious confession!—Boston Centinel.
FREDERICKTOWN, (M.) MARCH 9.
Last Saturday, on the arrival of the joyful news of Judge Chase's acquittal, a number of Federal Republican gentlemen, of this town, met at Mr. Kimball's tavern to congratulate each other on this unexpected event, as the dawn of returning reason to their political adversaries, and after spending the early part of the evening in social hilarity, and appointing Doctor Philip Thomas, President, and Capt. George Baer, Vice-President, they sat down to an elegant supper, prepared for the occasion, at which the following toasts were drank:—
 1. The Hon. Samuel Chase, still a Judge of the Supreme Court of the United States—his official conduct has passed the ordeal and is proved to be pure.  2. The patriotic Senators, to whose votes the government and the people stand indebted for the acquittal of Judge Chase.  3. Bradley, Gailliard, Mitchell, Smith (of New York,) Smith (of Ohio,) Smith (of Vermont.)—We are delighted to find honesty and independence in some of our political opponents.  4. The Counsel of Judge Chase, Hopkinson, Key, Lee, Martin and Harper—superior abilities and eloquence successfully employed on the side of innocence.  5. The Managers of the Impeachment—The produce of their labours has been weighed in the scales of truth, and is found to be wanting.  6. Impeachments—Hereafter a terror only to the guilty.  7. John Randolph—We'll leave him to his own feelings.  8. The memory of the immortal Washington.  9. The Judiciary of the United States—"May they dare to be honest in the worst of times."  10. The Federal minority of both Houses of Congress.  11. The Constitution—May its shattered out-works be speedily repaired by Federal Republican workmen.  12. The memory of the illustrious Hamilton.  13. Charles Cotesworth Pinckney.  14. Rufus King.  15. Governor Morris.  16. Col. Thomas Butler.  17. The Hon. James Elliott—The Vermont independent republican. 
VOLUNTEERS.
The Democratic pack thrown out in the Chase. The Managers of the Impeachment—When they are summoned to the bar of justice, may they not be refused the benefit of other process.
OFFICIAL PAPERS
Laid before the British Parliament relative to the rupture with Spain.
(Continued.)
No. VII.
Extract of a despatch from J. H. Frere, Esq. to Lord Hawkesbury, dated Madrid, 27th December, 1803.
The reports which reach us here from other quarters, have determined me to confine myself to the strong protestation contained in the note enclosed in my former despatch, and for the rest to watch their conduct, contenting myself with reporting it to your lordship, unless circumstances should arise which would render my future forbearance incompatible with the observance of your lordship's instructions. Since this time I have learnt that this government have already advanced to France the eight millions of livres, and that they are on the point of furnishing a sum of four millions. Besides this, the recruiting for the army, which had been going on briskly, has been stopped, or at least suffered to stop of itself; while a greater activity prevails in the marine department—though I conceived it my duty to make a strong remonstrance upon this head, and even to stake my continuance here, agreeably to your lordships instructions, upon the absolute cessation of these naval armaments.
(Signed) J. H. FRERE.
No. VIII.
Despatch from J. H. Frere, Esq. to Lord Hawkesbury, dated Madrid, 27th Dec. 1803.
MY LORD, Under the circumstances mentioned in my despatch of this date, I have thought it my duty to write to Lord Nelson, and to Sir Edward Pellew, and likewise to his majesty's consuls and pro-consuls, advising them that the situation of affairs between the two courts was such as to justify the apprehension of an approaching rupture.
I have the honour to be, &c. (Signed) J. H. FRERE. The right hon. Lord Hawkesbury, &c. &c.
No. IX.
Extract of a despatch from Lord Hawkesbury to J. H. Frere, Esq. dated 21st January, 1804.
Your despatches to No. 54 inclusive, have been received and laid before the king.
His Majesty feels additional reasons (conformably to the system of policy which he has already laid down) for endeavouring to preserve the relations of peace with Spain, as long as is compatible with his honour, and a due attention to the interests of his dominions. The information, however, contained in your first despatches is not sufficient to enable his majesty to decide how far it may be possible for him to extend his forbearance. The pecuniary succours to be afforded by Spain to France unquestionably furnish in themselves a justifiable cause of war; but considering the light in which they were explained on a former occasion, his majesty is unwilling to proceed to extremities under the present circumstances, on this measure alone, provided he can obtain a satisfactory explanation on other points, and that he can be convinced of the sincere intention of the Spanish government to cause their neutrality to be respected in every particular. His majesty's final decisions, however, on this point, must depend on circumstances of which he has not at present sufficient information to enable him to form his judgment. First, what is the purport of the other stipulations contained in the treaty between the King of Spain and the French government? Whether any obligations are imposed by them on his Catholic majesty, inconsistent with the rights or just pretensions of this country? Secondly, what are the extent and amount of the naval preparations in the ports of Spain, and what are the explanations given of these preparations by the Spanish government? His majesty certainly has a clear right to demand the fullest explanation on both these points, before he can be expected to answer the question of Monsieur Cevallos, whether the pecuniary succours afforded by Spain to France will be made by his majesty the ground of war?
(Translation of First Enclosure in No. 10.) Madrid, January 2d, 1804.
You will therefore state to the Spanish government, that his majesty conceives he has a right, before they can claim any forbearance at his hands, to a full and entire communication, in confidence, of all the engagements subsisting between the Spanish government and that of France (particularly of the whole of the treaty recently concluded) and of the principles upon which the Spanish government intends to regulate its conduct, as well with respect to armaments as in all other particulars: that, when the whole case is laid before his majesty, he will be enabled to determine what conduct it may be proper for him to adopt; but that it cannot possibly be expected that his majesty should acquiesce in one stipulation of a treaty, and that of a nature highly injurious to his interests, and submit at the same time to remain in complete ignorance of all the other stipulations it contains; that the circumstance of armaments in the ports of Spain cannot but afford to his majesty very serious ground of jealousy, and the greatest suspicion that the Spanish government has in its contemplation some ulterior projects of hostility against his dominions; that an unreserved confidence on the part of the government of Spain will not fail to be met by a reciprocal conduct on the part of his majesty; and that whatever may be the issue of the present discussions, neither party will be in danger, by these means, of being hurried into hostilities from a misconception of the views, intentions, and engagements of the other.—I cannot too strongly recommend to you to avoid bringing these discussions to a sudden and unfavourable issue, except in the two cases stated in your former instructions, viz. the entrance of a French army into Spain, or authentic information of a naval armament being in such forward preparation, for the purpose of supporting the views of France, or for other purposes hostile to this country, as may speedily require the exertions of his majesty's forces.
No. X.
Extract of a despatch from J. H. Frere, Esq. to Lord Hawkesbury, dated Madrid, March 3, 1804.
I have endeavoured to keep up such a tone as may enable his majesty's government to take whatever steps may be thought necessary or expedient, without being exposed to the approach of abrupt or violent conduct, or of the infraction of any engagement, either directly stipulated, or which might be contended to have been implied by a tacit and continued acquiescence; in short, without loosing any thing of that evident justice, which all Europe would have recognized and admitted, if the first stipulation of subsidy to France had been considered and acted upon as a ground for immediate hostilities. Being well aware how much the justice of a case may suffer in appearance by delay, and by continued forbearance, I have endeavoured, in my correspondence with M. Cevallos, not only to shew the perfect fairness of the pretensions of his majesty's government, but to avoid any thing like admission of the pretended neutrality of this court; and without pushing matters to extremity, on the one hand, or on the other, attempting to settle and trace out the present relations of the two countries. This system is rendered still more necessary, by the impossibility of obtaining from Spain, any substantial pledge for her future conduct; so long, at least, as she continues to follow the same system of subordination to France. The consequence, therefore, of any explanation or understanding between the two courts, would be only to bind his majesty's government gratuitously, while Spain would remain in her present state as long as the French government might find it convenient, and would afterwards, without shame or hesitation, plead necessity as a sufficient excuse for any violation of faith which her ally might think proper to dictate. It will be proper to mention to your lordship a circumstance, which shews the importance of attending to the first consideration which I mentioned, namely, that of the entire subordination of this country to France under its present system. When in conformity to your lordship's instructions, I applied for a communication of the treaty, it was replied, that it was impossible; when it was first made, the necessity making such a communication to the British government had been insisted upon, but that General Bourmonville had positively over-ruled this proposal. In the course of the same conversation, when I insisted strongly upon the two points of the cessation of naval armament, and the sale of prizes, in answer to what I said upon the latter point, it was said, "Well, we must tell the French that you will not put up with it, and that it cannot be." These expressions so strongly mark both the value which the French attach to the continuance of the present state of things with respect to Spain, and the perfect dominion which they exercise over this government, that I cannot but conceive that, even if they stood alone, they would be sufficient proof of the instability of any engagement with this court, and of the disadvantages which his majesty's government would be exposed to by being bound to an arrangement, which the French certainly consider as, in a high degree favourable to their own interests, and which they may find difficult in violating, whenever in their opinion it ceases to be so. Of the notes copies of which are enclosed, No. 1, was written upon a report which reached me, of orders having been sent down, and of great activity prevailing in the ports, which I thought it my duty to take notice of in pretty strong terms. M. Cevallos' reply is, as your lordship will observe in the same style, and in his note, he does not dissemble, that the preparations are made to vindicate and assert their present pretended system of neutrality. This note appeared to me, both from its substance and tone, so much like a defiance, and so impossible to be passed over, that I conceived it my duty to return a very decided and peremptory reply; in which, at the same time, I took an opportunity of stating, as clearly as I was able, the evident justice of the demand which I was charged to make on the part of his majesty's government, concluding with a positive intimation of the immediate bad consequences which would ensue in case of a negative or unsatisfactory answer. The answer from M. Cevallos is, as your lordship will perceive, very different in tone, though in fact, conceding very little, and perfectly nugatory and trifling upon the two important points, of a cessation of naval preparations, and the sale of prizes, and concluding by desiring an explanation of the intentions and views of England with respect to the present situation of Spain.—In my answer, which I have framed in a correspondent tone of moderation, I avoid taking any notice of this question, and insist upon the difference between the concessions of the Spanish government on the other points and the demands of his majesty, and argue them at some length, concluding with a repetition of the same intimations of the dangerous consequences to be apprehended from a perseverance in the present measures.
(Signed) J. H. FRERE. To his excellency, Don Pedro Cevallos, &c.
[Translation of the 4th Enclosure in No. 10.] Note from Don Pedro Cevallos, to J. H. Frere, Esq. dated Aranjuez, 27th January, 1804.
SIR, Some time has elapsed since your Excellency's promises, and the accounts I received from the ports, had removed my uneasiness on the subject of the naval armaments, and even afforded the belief that their speedy cessation would remove every cause of distrust on that head. It would be superfluous to point out to your Excellency the circumstances which
positively prove to his Britannick majesty's ministers, that these armaments can have no other object than that of hostilities against the King his master, or that still more offensive one, of wishing to support, by a menacing attitude, the system of subsidies; a system which has been already pursued, notwithstanding the remonstrance of his Britannick majesty, wherein it is formally declared that this system is more injurious than even supplying a war contingent. It is sometimes possible to overlook an injustice; but your Excellency too well knows that an injustice, supported by a demonstration of force, becomes an insult, and consequently imposes on that power, who is the object of it, the necessity of demanding satisfaction. I hope, therefore, that your Excellency will enable me to make a satisfactory report to my Court, and that you will spare me the unpleasant task of announcing to you the very decisive measures, which, in the contrary case, I am ordered to adopt. I am, &c.
J. H. FRERE.
(Second Enclosure in No 10.)
Note from Don Pedro Cevallos, to J. H. Frere, Esq. dated Aranjuez, 13th January, 1804.
SIR, I have received the note which you were pleased to transmit to me on the 2d inst. requiring satisfaction upon the naval armaments which it states are making in the ports of Spain, which can have no other object than that of hostility to Great Britain, and of supporting a system of subsidy, which you assert has been adopted by this government, notwithstanding the protests of his Britannick majesty, wherein it has been formally declared that such a system is held to be more injurious than the supplying of a war contingent. In answer to the above note, I must state to you, that the ideas of this court with respect to that of London, are as pacific as I have declared them to be in all the official communications in which I have mentioned them; that the whole conduct of the Spanish government is consonant with these ideas; that the most convincing proof of her not wishing to alter them, is the Treaty of Subsidy concluded with France, for the sake of avoiding any hostile attitude towards Great Britain; that the ships of war which are armed in the arsenals were already so at the time of concluding the treaty of neutrality; and that as long as the official communications of the British government are conceived in terms calculated to inspire apprehensions that the designs of Great Britain are not conformable to those of Spain, prudence, policy, and decorum, will require from the latter employment of those precautions which, in so many respects, she owes to herself. (Signed) PEDRO CEVALLOS. J. H. Frere, Esq. &c.
[Translation of the 3d Enclosure in No. 10.] January 21, 1804.
SIR, After having very deeply reflected on the subject of your Excellency's note of the 13th inst. I find myself at last under the necessity of coming to a clear and explicit explanation. In my note of the 13th of last month, I declared to your Excellency, by order of my government, that the supply of pecuniary succours, such as had been stipulated by the treaty recently concluded with France, was considered by his Majesty as the kind of succours the most efficacious and best adapted to the wants of the enemy, the most prejudicial to the interests of his Britannick Majesty's subjects, and the most dangerous to his dominions; in short, more than equivalent to every species of aggression. I again repeated the same declaration, supported by the arguments in detail in another note, dated the 26th, to which your Excellency has not thought proper to reply. Indeed, it was not of the nature to require an answer. Great Britain there declared, that she saw in the conduct of the Court of Spain, a just motive for war; she makes no reproaches, she demands no satisfaction, she confines herself to a declaration of the wrongs she has suffered; and were she compelled to commence hostilities, she would need no other declaration than that which has already been made. Nevertheless, it is pointed out in this declaration itself, and your Excellency cannot be ignorant, that his Britannick Majesty was by no means disposed to precipitate this crisis, to which it appears that we are now approaching with hasty strides. His Britannick Majesty, fully persuaded that this truly hostile conduct of the Court of Spain was by no means in unison with the principles and intentions of his Catholic Majesty, was desirous of listening to every admissible arrangement, in order to prolong for an indefinite term the suspension of hostilities, in the reasonable hope that the fluctuating state of the Continent might at last be settled in such a manner as to secure the tranquillity of Spain, and to afford her the means of extricating herself from that situation which your excellency is pleased to term neutrality, in order to place herself in a state of real and respectable neutrality. This conduct is the most convincing proof of the value which England attaches to the friendship of Spain, and the interest which she takes in its independence. In every other view such forbearance would be absolutely inexplicable. His Britannick Majesty, however, cannot avoid insisting upon conditions founded in justice and in reason, and which are very far from being equivalent to the advantages which Spain derives from the inaction of the British forces. Indeed, it does not appear just, that Spain should take advantage of the good dispositions of England, to carry on against her a two-fold warfare; the first, the most prejudicial of any, by furnishing pecuniary succours to the enemy; and the second, by admitting the enemy into its ports upon a more favourable footing, by permitting the sale of prizes made by their privateers, and by encouraging the fitting of them out, and in fine, by shewing them on all occasions, a decided preference. Another condition, not less equitable, is that of the suspension of all other arming in the ports of this kingdom. In every case wherein hostilities are suspended between two powers, it is invariably agreed, that they should remain in statu quo relative to their military preparations. As to England, she is neither in the intention, nor under the necessity of increasing hers; all her preparations have long since been completed; the Peninsula is closely blockaded by her squadrons, whose commanders wait only orders for acting. I have thus, Sir, without reserve, laid before you the ideas of my government on the actual relative situation of the two countries, as well as on the principles resulting therefrom, and on the indisputable pretensions founded on those principles. These pretensions extend to two objects; namely, the cessation of all naval armaments, and a perfect equality in the treatment shewn to the vessels and subjects of his Britannick Majesty, and to those of the enemy. I must likewise inform your excellency that, in proposing the above conditions, I communicate the ultimate resolution of my government, with the certainty that a negative or unsatisfactory answer would immediately produce the consequences which I have so long endeavoured to avert. (Signed) J. H. FRERE.
To his excellency, Don Pedro Cevallos, &c.
[Translation of the 4th Enclosure in No. 10.] Note from Don Pedro Cevallos, to J. H. Frere, Esq. dated Aranjuez, 27th January, 1804.
SIR, I have received three notes from you, dated the 23d and 24th instant, and having given account of their contents to the king, my master, I have the honour to reply to you in the following terms:—You complain that, notwithstanding our colonial system, a French privateer has received shelter in the Bay

of Cumana, and been permitted to sell an English vessel in the Gulf of Paria. Although our legislation does not permit foreign ships to enter the ports of our colonies, there are certain cases, recommended by humanity and natural right, which form many exceptions to that general rule. The French privateer sheltered in Cumana, will probably have found herself in some such situation; and in order to examine into the affair, and to take such measures as may be suitable to the result. His Majesty has commanded me to transmit the strictest orders to the minister of war. The purchase of prizes brought into neutral ports, has never been looked upon as an act of hostility, or infraction of neutrality, but as a lawful speculation of the commerce of neutral nations. The king, my master, has recognised the justice which you claim, that his Britannick Majesty's subjects should be treated throughout Spain, with the same consideration as French citizens; and, since the date of the treaty of neutrality with France, has given the strictest orders to avoid every predilection, which can appear in the least degree inconsistent with our system of strict neutrality. As soon as his majesty had notice, by his minister in London, of the occurrences, which have taken place in the island of Teneriffe; which form the subject of the note which you were pleased to send me on the 24th, without waiting for the complaint contained in that note he commanded me to transmit an order to the governor of the said Island, to give satisfaction as to the charges, and information upon the acts which are attributed to him. These orders are now repeated, accompanied by the deposition of two subjects of his Britannick Majesty which you are pleased to transmit to me, in order that the governor's justification may correspond to each of the subjects of complaint. You judge, with your known prudence and discretion, that these abuses, if they exist, cannot originate in orders issued by the Spanish government, and you do it the justice to believe, that it will punish them as soon as the result of its inquiries shall put it in a situation to shew its severity, towards those who may have merited it. You are pleased to transmit to me another note of the same date, in which you assure me that his Britannick Majesty, duly appreciating the principles and specific intentions of the King, my master, has wished to lend himself to every admissible measure for the sake of prolonging the suspension of hostilities to an indefinite period; a suspension which, if indeed it is founded upon those data, will have no period, and will be as firm as are those principles which essentially constitute the policy of the King, my master. Another subject of complaint is the permission to sell prizes in our ports. I have had the honour to say, in answer to another note, that the purchase of prizes is an act of authorised commerce, free from all hostility, when the permission of selling is not confined to one of the Belligerent Powers, but common to both. With regard to the complaint, that the French ships are received in our ports upon a more favourable footing, and that a decided preference is given to them, I have the honour to repeat to you the orders of the King, my master, are confined to an equality of protection, and the most strict neutrality. Besides these conditions for the continuance of neutrality, you demand a suspension, on the part of Spain, of all further armament in the ports of this kingdom, founding your demand upon the identity of the principle by which, when hostilities are suspended between two powers, they are fixed in statu quo with regard to their military preparations. The principles which hold good in a suspension of hostilities, cannot be applied to a case of neutrality, without inferring which, a power may arm, in order to be prepared for every event, or even to preserve the neutrality which she desires. The intentions of the Spanish government are very far removed from all hostility. His Britannick Majesty could not do less than recognize the pacific views of the King, my master; his Majesty has given irresistible proofs that he does not desire to change them both in the sacrifices which have been made to procure the neutrality of this kingdom, and a free and secure circulation for the commerce of his subjects; as well as in the prompt justice, which has been executed, before it was demanded, upon those of his subjects, who have forgotten the duties which the neutrality impose. These data being laid down, I do not find how it is possible that you should apprehend that Spain is occupying herself with further armaments, with which she may act in a sense contrary to her pacific system. The official correspondence, by which you have endeavoured to maintain a good understanding, whilst it claims my acknowledgments, forms the glory and constitutes the essence of your mission; but you will agree with me, that your note abounds in phrases of a contradictory signification, some assume the continuation of a good understanding between the two Powers, and others breed apprehensions that it may be disturbed; and this collision of security and mistrust is a great impediment to the advantages which the King proposed to himself, from his neutrality. In order, that they may be no longer thus embarrassed, I hope, Sir, that making a due estimate of the frankness and precise and positive terms in which I have had the honour to declare to you the invariable system of the Spanish Cabinet, you will in return declare to me in like terms, whether Great-Britain is, as I hope, determined to continue in a good understanding with Spain, during the present war with France.
(Signed) PEDRO CEVALLOS. J. H. Frere, Esq. &c. &c. [Translation of the 5th Enclosure in No. 10.] Sir, Considerations, on which it is at present unnecessary to dwell, have induced me to defer the execution of my instructions, as to the answer which I am to give to your Excellency's note of the 27th ult. The friendly form, and the flattering personal expressions of this note, render it an infinitely painful duty to me to discharge, in representing to you the extreme difference which exists between the conditions proposed on the part of his Britannick Majesty, and those to which your Excellency has thought it right to agree. I regret it the more, from the knowledge that these propositions form the Ultimatum of my Government, and that the resolutions which it has taken in this respect, are not susceptible of any alteration. In fine, Sir, I should absolutely despair of seeing things remain longer in their present situation, if the confidence with which the principles of his Majesty, and the discernment of your Excellency inspire me, did not hold out to me the prospect, that an arrangement might possibly be made, in conformity with the demands of his Britannick Majesty, and with that justice upon which they are founded.—The naval armaments of Spain, in the actual situation of affairs, cannot fail to excite apprehensions on the part of his Britannick Majesty. The question of Louisiana being now terminated, these armaments can only have England or France for their object. Whilst the discussions with the American States still existed, it might be supposed that these preparations were for an avowed destination. Should they still continue it would be no longer possible to attribute them to any other motive than that which your excellency announces, namely, a jealousy of the intentions of England, and a determination to maintain in by force a state of things qualified by the name of neutrality but to which the necessary conditions of neutrality are totally wanting. This pretension is not less injurious to the interests of England, than offensive to its honour.—There is another consideration still more important. His Majesty, at the same time that he does justice to the dispositions of his Catholic Majesty, and to the intentions of his ministers, cannot be blind to the influence which his enemies have obtained in this country,
and the species of authority which they exercise in it. This consideration has been the motive of great forbearance on his Britannick Majesty's part, to which he would certainly not have condescended, had he imagined that the disposition of the court of Spain, were in unison with its measures. But this same consideration must necessarily inspire his Majesty's ministers and counsellors, with a just distrust of the future conduct of Spain. Your excellency's assurances would certainly be a sufficient guarantee of the intentions and wishes of his Catholic Majesty; but unfortunately these cannot answer for the will of France, or for the exercise of an influence which may be paramount to the former decisions of that court. It would, therefore, be proper, nay, an indispensable duty, on the part of the British government to watch the armaments and the movements of the squadrons already equipped in the ports of this kingdom, by employing squadrons of equal force; I say, that the minister who should neglect such precautions would render himself responsible to his country in the highest degree. Therefore I intreat your excellency to consider what would necessarily be the relative situation of the two countries. Spain would furnish to France those pecuniary succours which are indispensable to her carrying on active war against England. Spain would moreover, oblige England to support a most burthensome defensive establishment, in order to watch the squadrons which she might have equipped in her ports. I demand of you, Sir, if such a state of things is politically or morally admissible, and upon what pretence, can be founded the desire that it should be tolerated by any government? Would not this consequence necessarily result from it, that the forces which should be employed to watch the ports of Spain, would at the same time, receive a commission to act? If this consequence be inevitable, the British government holds its conduct to be more just, more frank, nay, amicable, in representing, in the first instance, as immediate, a consequence which, although certain, might perhaps appear less striking in a more distant prospect. It is for this reason, Sir, that I am ordered to declare to you, that the system of forbearance on the part of England absolutely depends on the cessation of every naval armament within the ports of this kingdom, and that I am expressly forbidden to prolong my residence here, if unfortunately this condition should be rejected. There is likewise another condition equally essential and indispensable. The principle upon which Great-Britain has justly manifested the utmost jealousy, is the maintenance of the ancient maritime law, established for centuries, and universally acknowledged by all Christian States, until these latter days. The French Republic, finding herself cramped by the superiority of her adversary, has endeavoured to remedy that inconvenience, by destroying the ancient code, the principles of which, since they authorised the advantages resulting from a superiority of force, would necessarily appear inimical to her. She has, in consequence, endeavoured to establish two principles; the first of which, by covering the effects of a belligerent power under the safeguard of a neutral bottom, would secure to the weaker power efficacious protection. This principle was capable of a certain colouring of humanity and publick good; since it had an immediate tendency to withdraw the property of individuals from the calamities of war, and to confine the effects of this scourge within a narrower compass. But respect for ancient usages and a more enlightened justice have prevailed, and this innovating principle has been generally rejected. France had also need of a principle of offensive war, equally favourable to the weaker power. She had found it in the right which she arrogate to herself, of condemning and selling her prizes in neutral ports; but as this principle is very far from having the same advantages as the preceding one, since it extends without bounds, the ravages of war, and the losses of individuals, it was rejected and disclaimed, more promptly and in a more formal manner. One of the most respectable powers felt that she was obliged, in justice and in honour, to give satisfaction for the wrongs which had been occasioned by the indiscriminate admission of this principle. This power is now herself prosecuting claims at this court, with the just confidence of being able to obtain a compensation similar to that she thought it incumbent on her to grant. But Spain is the power, of all others, the most interested in the preservation of ancient principles. What, indeed, would be her situation with regard to those powers, whilst she possesses no means whatever of attacking, if, in the event of war, the ports of Jamaica, Trinidad, and of Gibraltar, were open to their privateers? Moreover, this usage necessarily produces an infinity of abuses.—Privateers are frequently the property of neutral subjects, and manned with a neutral crew. Examples of this atrocious proceeding have been proved in several instances of captures of American vessels, and recently privateers have been fitted out at Teneriffe, and at Tariffa, which could not have been on account of French individuals, who were the ostensible proprietors. It is evident, that Spain, owing to her distant and extensive possessions, would be of all powers, the most responsible for the abuse of her neutrality, in case this new principle was established. She would likewise be subjected in the event of war, to be attacked by powers whose activity, happily for her, is restrained by ancient principles; nevertheless, she is the only one who thinks she has a right and the power to infringe them. I do not suppose that your excellency can flatter yourself that Great Britain, having so tenaciously persisted in opposing the establishment of the first of these principles, can be disposed to admit the establishment of the second, which is still more pernicious, more unreasonable, and which has already been rejected by every other power. My orders on this head are equally positive with those on the subject of the armaments. I communicate them to your excellency with that confidence which your wisdom and penetration inspire; but I must also explicitly declare, that I am not authorised to admit of any modification; and that, if I am unable to obtain from your excellency the admission of these two conditions, namely, the cessation of all armaments, and orders to stop the sale of prizes brought into the ports of this kingdom, I am to consider all negotiation at an end, and to think only of returning to my superiors, to render an account of my mission.
(Signed) J. H. FRERE. To his excellency, Don Pedro Cevallos, &c. &c. No. XI. Extract of a despatch from J. H. Frere, Esq. to Lord Hawkesbury, dated Madrid, April 18, 1804. I have the honour of enclosing the translation of a Note from M. Cevallos, in which he informs me that his Catholic Majesty consents to prohibit the sale of British prizes in the ports of his dominions. Your lordship will observe that M. Cevallos states it as having been demanded as a condition, under which the British government would consent to recognize the neutrality of Spain, as being consistent with the performance of the engagements of their present treaty with France. As there is nothing in any note of mine which could be brought forward as a foundation for such a conclusion, and on the contrary, it is particularly and expressly guarded against, I have not thought it worth while to enter any protest in answer to M. Cevallos's insinuation. The Right Hon. Lord Hawkesbury &c. [Enclosure referred to in No. 11.] Note from Don Pedro Cevallos to J. H. Frere, Esq. dated Aranjuez, 22d March, 1804. Sir—To answer the note which you were pleased to transmit to me on the 18th of February last, upon
various points relative to the neutrality of Spain, in the actual occurrences of Europe between England and France, I have taken the time which the weight and importance of a subject requires, which is so interesting to the common happiness of the subjects of both Sovereigns. In the note above-mentioned, after proposing the points or bases upon which your Court found the recognizance of our neutrality, and discussing wisely the consequences and advantages of each of them, you conclude with proposing definitively, by order of your Government, as the basis of this recognizance, the cessation of all armaments, and of the sale of prizes brought into the ports of this kingdom; of which definite proposal you add, that you have no authority to admit of any modification. As for the first point, or cessation of all armaments, I have nothing to add to what I have signified to you on several occasions, especially in my note of the 28th of January last; and the conduct of this Cabinet in the present occurrence ought to dissipate even the most remote shadow of suspicion of a hostile disposition on the part of the King my master; and I am consequently persuaded, upon this point, that the wishes and demands of his Britannick Majesty are perfectly satisfied. With regard to the cessation of the sale of prizes brought into the ports of Spain, although it was a demand susceptible of much difficulty, the pacific desires of his majesty have been able to surmount them; and you may assure your court, that according to its demand, the sale of the prizes of any of the belligerent powers brought into the ports of these kingdoms will not be permitted, his majesty having given the order, and it will be rigorously observed, his majesty hopes, that as this prohibition is prejudicial to his interests, and those of his subjects, the king of England, will regard his compliance as the most efficacious proof of his desire to maintain the most perfect intelligence with his Britannick Majesty, and that an additional obligation is laid upon England, to observe towards Spain all the consideration which is due to the rectitude, good faith, generosity, and pacific views of the king my master.
(Signed) PEDRO CEVALLOS. To J. H. Frere, Esq. &c. No. XII. Copy of a letter from Lord Harrowby to J. H. Frere, Esq. dated Downing-street, May 22, 1804. Sir, It being extremely desirable, in the present state of the political relations between this country and Spain, that his majesty's government should obtain the most accurate information with respect to the actual condition of the ports and arsenals of Spain, I have to signify to you the king's pleasure, that you transmit to me a detailed statement, in as far as it can be procured, not only of the warlike preparations which may be carried on in any of those ports, and of the ships of war both in commission and in ordinary, but also of the state of the royal arsenals, and on the extent of the means existing in them to encrase their present naval establishment. You will likewise instruct the consuls to endeavour to discover any measures which may have been adopted by the Spanish government for the purpose of obtaining supplies of naval stores, the amount of such supplies, the countries from which they are to be shipped, and the manner in which they are to be conveyed to the ports of Spain. With a reference to this subject, it is also important, that his majesty's government should be furnished with an account of the specie imported into the ports of Spain in the course of the last year, and with an estimate of the probable amount of the shipments of the present year, as well as with information of the periods at which they may be expected to arrive in Europe. I am, &c. HARROWBY. To J. H. Frere, Esq. &c. (To be continued.) BY THIS DAY'S MAIL. GALLANT NAVAL ACTION. BARBADOS, February 12. His Majesty's brig Curieux, capt. Bettesworth, which sailed from hence on the 3d inst. has triumphantly returned this morning with the enemy's proudly boasted privateer, Madame Ernouf! At daylight yesterday morning the Curieux discovered the enemy, who crowded all sail to escape, but after eleven hours chase was brought to action, which commenced with equal gallantry on both sides, and lasted from four o'clock until half past five o'clock in the afternoon, the enemy three times throwing her vessel on board the Curieux, and attempting to board, but as often failing with considerable loss. From the manifest courage of the enemy, in sustaining the dreadful fire of the Curieux, evinced by the shocking havoc of the crew, and shattered state of the vessel—Capt. Bettesworth derives additional honour by obtaining a victory, which, although not of great magnitude, has been as obstinately contested as any in the annals of naval gallantry. What renders it the more considerable and important is the thus having secured our trade from the further depredations of one of the enemy's most successful cruisers; also strengthening our own naval force by the addition of a remarkable fine vessel, which, when thoroughly repaired, will well answer his Majesty's service in these seas. The Madame Ernouf had sailed on her present cruise, three weeks ago, from Guadalupe, commanded by capt. Cassex, is a brig of 16 heavy sixes, and carries 120 men; had only made one capture, the ship Minerva, (retaken by the Nimrod) in which ten of her crew were absent, and in the above action had 17 men killed and 30 wounded—The vessel considerably shattered in her hull, her foretopmast carried away, and literally almost every sail and her rigging cut up. On board the Curieux, one officer (Mr. Maddock, purser,) and four men were killed and three men, one mortally, wounded. Capt. Bettesworth received a slight wound in the cheek from a musket ball, which made an incision in his ear, and passed through his hat. The Curieux is a large brig (and was about this time twelve months, cut out of Fort Royal; Captain, then lieut. Bettesworth being second in command in the enterprise,) carries an equal number of guns with the enemy, but of heavier metal, and has 118 men.
NEW-YORK, March 27. Capt. Clapp, of the Rolla, from Trinidad, and St. Thomas, informs, that the American Consul at St. Thomas, had received a decree of 14 articles (which capt. C. saw) from the government of the city of St. Domingo, declaring among other regulations, that all vessels, of whatever nation, that were found within three leagues of the Brigand Ports, should be taken, and THEIR CREWS PUT TO DEATH. This law was to be put in force, from and after the 1st April next. Gazette Marine Memoranda. ARRIVED. Ship Roba & Betsy, Richardson, 60 days from Cadiz, Salt, Wm. Pennock—March 27, in lat. 33, 10, lon. 77, spoke brig Union, of Portland, from Martinique, bound to New-York. British ship Golden Grove, Blair, 10 weeks from Liverpool, Salt, Crates & Coal, Moses Myers—March 21, in lat. 35, 7, lon. 61, spoke brig Bee, from Portsmouth, N. H. bound to Tortola—in lat. 35, 38, lon. 45, passed a vessel full of water, part of the lower masts standing, supposed to be from 150 to 180 tons. British brig Ceres, Messervy, 56 days from Lisbon, Salt, Henry Brunet.
Ship Aberdeen, Morgan, 43 days from Isle of May, Salt, J. & W. Southgate—Left there 20th Feb. Schooner's Eliza, Chauncy; Ranger, Blackmore; Morning-Star, Goodwin; all of Boston—Saw a ship ashore on Hog-Island. Schooner General Pinckney, Barry, from Alexandria bound to Trinidad—On Tuesday night got on Back river bar, which occasioned the vessel to make too much water to proceed—put in to refit. Sch'r Argus, Small, 8 days from Charleston, Rice, M'Candlish, Anderson, & Co. Sloop Flora, Chase, 17 days from Charleston, Rice and Molasses, Martin Fisk. The brig Flora, Benthall, from this port for Liverpool, was spoken the 14th ult. in lat. 38, 42, lon. 60, all well.
FERGUSON'S Packet will sail for Baltimore TOMORROW. April 5.
NORFOLK THEATRE. TOMORROW EVENING, April 6, 1805. Will be presented, a new COMEDY, written by Tell Aung-ham, author of Fortune's Frolics, cal'd, HEARTS OF OAK. Ardent—Mr. Hopkins. Dorland—Mr. Clark. Ten Per Cent—Mr. Comer. Edward—Mr. Downte. Philip—Mr. Briers. Brian O'Bradleigh—Mr. Green. Joey—Mr. Poe. Jerald—Mr. Burd. Thomas—Mr. Martin. Eliza—Mrs. Green. Laura—Mrs. Claude. Mrs. O'Bradleigh—Mrs. Serson. Fanny—Mrs. Stuart.
To which will be added, a COMIC OPERA, in two acts, cal'd, THE TURNPIKE GATE, OR, THE WORLD IN A VILLAGE. The Doors to be opened at half past 5, and the performance to commence at half past 6 precisely. ADMITTANCE ONE DOLLAR. Persons of Colour will find their Seats within the Upper Boxes. The Publick are respectfully informed, that the New Comedies of the "Sailor's Daughter," "Guilty or Not Guilty," with the Farces of the "Wandering Jew," and "Love Laughs at Locksmiths," are in preparation.—557
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The fine strong and fast sailing ship RESOLUTION, George McClean, Master:— Burthen 300 tons—three months o. d. and was sheathed upon the stocks. For terms apply to the Master on board, or to N. Heron. Who has for sale, on board said ship, A FEW TONS OF HAY. 240 Gallons of Dutch boiled Linseed Oil, in casks and jugs. And a few hogsheads of West-India RUM. April 5. tf 558
FOR SALE, On board the Ship Roba & Betsey, Captain Richardson, CADIZ SALT. William Pennock. WHO OFFERS FOR CHARTER, The said Ship ROBA & BETSEY. April 5. tf 559
FOR SALE, The Cargo of the Ship Golden Grove, from Liverpool, 10,000 Bushels Fine, } SALT. 4,000 do. Coarse, } 70 Crates well assorted QUEEN'S WARE. 500 Bushels COAL. Moses Myers. April 5. tf 560
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, To London or Liverpool, The British Ship GOLDEN GROVE, Francis Blair, Master: Burthen 330 tons—will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days. For terms apply to Moses Myers. April 5. tf 561
Sale of the Bremen Ship Fortuna. On Wednesday the 17th instant, WILL BE SOLD, AT PUBLICK AUCTION, At Carrick Inlet, for account of the Underwriters, THE BREMEN SHIP FORTUNA, Henry Rohde, Master, from the River Jade, bound to Baltimore, and wrecked near said Inlet.—Likewise, her Sails, Tack, Anchors, and Furniture. John C. Niemeyer, Agent. April 5. tf 562
THE SCHOONER-RISING STATES, J. Newcomb, Master:— Will sail for New-York in all next week, having the greater part of her cargo engaged. For freight of the remainder, or passage, apply on board, at Newton's wharf. April 5.
LANDING From on board the Sloop FAVOURITE, from Philadelphia, 10 Hhds. } Pennington's Loaf Sugar. 20 Bbls. } WANTED TO PURCHASE, 800 to 1000 Barrels TURPENTINE. FOR SALE, 1000 Barrels FLOUR, Rutherford's Brand. James Herron. April 5. tf 563 Will be landed Tomorrow on Lee's wharf, the Cargo of the sloop Flora, capt. Chase, from Charleston, CONSISTING OF MOLASSES & RICE. For Sale by MARTIN FISK. April 5. tf 564 NOTICE. THE subscriber owes some money, which he is determined shall be speedily paid; added to which his low state of health, calls loudly for his retirement from business. He therefore offers his stock of goods for sale, on the most liberal terms—This assortment has been selected from the best importations within the last twelve months; and amounts to about 2500l. currency. As the situation occupied by him is not equalled by any other in the lower country, and as it can be obtained for a number of years, he hopes some of his friends will consider it to their advantage to purchase the goods, and take the stand.—Nothing but the second reason assigned in this advertisement, would induce him to quit the stand.—But owing to his health he must and will quit business, for some time at least. He has two small crafts, and a quantity of naval stores and lumber subject to his creditors. JOHN K. RANDOLPH. N.B. Those indebted must make payment in sixty days of give their bonds. Nansemund, April 5. 1aw 565

THIS DAY will be landed from on board the schooner Hamlet ,
A choice parcel of fresh New-York BUTTER , in small kegs, and a few casks SCOTCH BARLEY , which will be sold low if immediate application be made to
JOHN BROWN ,
Rothery's Wharf.
WHO OFFERS A FEW PIPES OF Old Cognac BRANDY , and London particular MADEIRA WINE , in pipes, hds. and quarter casks, very low.
March 18. tf 508
NANKEENS.
200 Pieces YELLOW NANKEENS.
For sale by
MARTIN FISK.
March 18. tf 510
ALL Persons to whom my Son ARTHUR LEE , is indebted, are requested to make known their claims to RICHARD E. LEE.
March 18. tf 507
NEW CUT-NAIL MANUFACTORY,
ON TOWN POINT,
A small distance below County Wharf, Wide Water Street.
THE Subscriber has, at a considerable expense, fitted up, in addition to his other business, a complete set of machinery, adequate to finish 500 to 600 lbs. of Nails daily. He is also provided with a good stock of Iron; and with a sufficient number of skilful workmen.
He has on hand a constant supply of
Nails, Flooring Brads, and Sprigs, which he offers for Sale at the reduced prices as follows, by the keg, viz.
  10d, 12d, 20d, Nails, 8d per lb.   8d, do. 9d per lb.   Sheathing do. 7 1/2 per lb.   6d, do. 10d per lb.   4d, do. 3s. per M.   3 1/2, do. 2s 7 1/2   8d, 10d, 12d, and 20d, Brads, 8d per lb.   6d, do. 4s 6d   4d, do. 3s do.   3d, do. 2s 7 1/2   2d, do. 2s 7 1/2 
ALSO—HOOP AND BAR-IRON ASSORTED.
LEVIN DORSEY.
March 18. tf 503
FOR SALE,
The Cargo of the Sloop Nancy, from George-Town, South-Carolina,
128 Barrels PITCH.
567 do. TAR.
MOSES MYERS.
March 11. tf 402
FOR SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBER,
45 Hogsheads Richmond TOBACCO —A float
78 Puncheons Windward Island RUM.
7 do. Old Jamaica do.
10 Pipes 4th proof Cognac, } BRANDY.
11 do. do. Alcant, }
10 do. Holland GIN.
17 Pipes, } FINE OLD SICILY WINE.
4 Half Pipes, }
2 Qr. Casks, }
4 Half do. }
18 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE.
4 Hogsheads Muscovado SUGAR.
20 Crates well assorted EARTHENWARE.
9 Casks do. GLASSWARE.
39 Quarter Barrels British FF GUN POWDER.
600 Barrels Fine and Superfine FLOUR.
A. MACLURE.
March 15. tf 405
OILS, PAINTS & WINDOW GLASS,
Of all kinds, colours, and sizes.
For sale by
N. Gregory,
opposite the Market.
An ASSISTANT wanted—also, an active YOUTH to be employed in the store—Liberal wages will be given to TWO ABLE HANDS, to turn a Paint Mill.
July 2. tf 3
FALL GOODS.
WE are now landing from the brig Commerce , from London, an extensive assortment of FALL GOODS , among which are afforded packages, calculated for the West India market, entitled to drawback; which will be sold at low advance, by
Gilliat & Mackinder.
August 27. tf 92
NOW LANDING
From on board the Brig Maria , Robert Hutton, master, from B. in Isles,
50 Pipes Old COGNAC BRANDY , fit for immediate use
211 Hds. CLARET , fit for the West India Market.
100 Casks, do. do.
50 do. Vin de Grave.
500 DEMILJOHNS.
2 Trunks of Silk Stockings, Silk and Kid Gloves and Fans.
For sale by
William Pennock.
Sept. 1 tf 115
WANTED, BY THE SUBSCRIBERS,
FOUR HUNDRED CORDS OF
OAK BARK;
For which the following prices, in Cash, will be given—delivered at their Yard—
For Spanish Oak Bark, 10 Dollars per Cord.
Willow, or Water Oak, 9 do.
Red Oak, 8 do.
White Oak, if young and not too scaly, 7 do.
BEECH BARK,
Will also be received at 7 Dollars per cord.
It is recommended to those who get BARK, to bring it in early in the season, for if kept out and exposed to heavy rains, it will not be received.
WILLIAM PLUMBE & CO.
March 11. tf 485
FOR SALE,
SUPERFINE and FINE FLOUR, and
CROSS-MIDLINGS, by
Thomas Rison.
Church-Street, October 27. tf 194
A CHOICE PARCEL OF ENGLISH CHEESE.
And 400 Barrels FLOUR.
FOR SALE BY
W. HARTSHORNE, Jun.
March 20. tf 514
COW-POX.
THOSE persons who wish to avoid catching the Small-Pox which now exists in this Borough, are informed that the Subscriber has again succeeded in introducing the Vaccine Infection, and that he now has several arms fit to inoculate them.
He has returned to his old shop at the lower end of the new market.
George Balfour.
An APPRENTICE wanted.
Nov. 16. tf 326
THE PROPRIETOR OF THE LOMBARDY GARDENS
Near Philadelphia, now on a tour for his health,
Respectfully informs the Ladies and Gentlemen of Norfolk
that he has brought on with him
A MODEL IN WOOD AND WAX,
Of the Ancient and Holy City of
JERUSALEM.
THIS ingenious piece of mechanism, so universally admired by every person who has seen and heard it explained, is laid out on a scale of sixteen by nine feet—The Lecture upon it is long, and calculated to impress the mind with a solemn awe of the Deity, while we see before our eyes the trial and crucifixion of our Divine Saviour.
This Exhibition will be removed from Norfolk in one or two weeks at farthest—those who wish to examine it will do well to improve the present opportunity, by calling at Mr. Dayton's at the head of Commerce-Street, where they will be admitted for the moderate sum of 50 cents, children for 25 cents—He can with confidence invite all, and particularly the religious of every denomination to attend his Lectures—those who cannot afford to pay will be admitted gratis.
Amongst other objects worthy notice are the seven Moun-tains in the vicinity of the city, and several species of Fruit on trees six feet high.
While he returns his thanks for the attentions he has re-ceived, he informs the citizens that his hours of exhibition are from 10 o'clock in the Morning until 9 at Night.
March 25. tf 529
300 barrels Superfine FLOUR.
70 hogsheads Prime Richmond TOBACCO.
100 barrels Mess PORK.
FOR SALE, BY
C. & F. WHITTLE.
March 20. tf 518
8 Barrels Pilot, } BREAD.
56 do. Navy, }
125 do. Ship, }
60 do. Superfine, } FLOUR.
40 do. Fine, }
40 do. X Midlings, }
100 do. CORN MEAL—For family use.
10 Hogsheads, } SUGAR.
7 Barrels, }
For sale by
JAMES MAURICE & CO.
March 15. tf 487
LANDING ON GIBSON'S WHARF,
The Cargo of the Brig BETSEY, Captain OLDEN, from Havana,
193 Hogsheads MOLASSES.
79 Tons Camanchy LOGWOOD.
22 Logs MAHOOGANY.
For Sale, apply to
EDWARD ROBERTS.
ALSO FOR SALE,
800 Spanish HIDES, in good order.
35 Pipes Tenerife WINE.
10 Hogsheads Pennington's LOAF SUGAR.
24 Bales COTTON.
March 22. tf 521
WE HAVE FOR SALE,
650 Barrels Fine, } FLOUR—Hazall's Brand.
350 do. Superfine, }
ALSO,
100 Barrels SHIP STUFF , and a quantity
FRESH MEAL , in Bags and Barrels.
February 11. tf 402
WETTENHALL'S GREEK GRAMMAR.
JUST PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT
WILLIAM P. FARRAND & CO'S.
Classical Book-Store, No. 125, Market-Street,
FARRAND'S EDITION
OF
WETTENHALL'S GREEK GRAMMAR.
An Edition literally translated into English, as far as possible; with a full variation of the examples of Adjectives; also, variations of a participle in each tense; with a table of Abbreviations explained.
The translator has been politely favoured with the following letters, which he offers as testimonials in favour of his Edition of WETTENHALL'S GRAMMAR.
DEAR SIR,
You ask my opinion, whether it be better that a Greek Grammar, intended for the use of schools should be in Latin or in English; and I can give it the more readily, as my opinion is and ever has been what, I presume, you would on this occasion wish it to be.
I think, that not only the Greek, but all other Grammars, which we have occasion to use in our schools, should be in English: because it is certainly desirable, that whatever is to be committed to memory should first be, if possible, perfectly understood; and because I am persuaded, that even the best of our scholars understand their native language better than any other.
If, in proposing to me this question, you have been influenced by any solicitude with respect to the demand which there may be for your translation of WETTENHALL , I am confident that it is wholly unnecessary, for, if I am not much mistaken, there will hereafter be little or no demand, in any part of the United States, for any other Wettenhall than that with which you are now about to furnish us.
I have looked over it as far as your Translation goes; and though I cannot say, that I find in it no inaccuracies, yet I can say truly, that there are but very few, and those of no great consequence; whilst, as to the quality of the paper, the size and neatness of the type, and the general correctness which every where prevails in it, it is far superior to any other edition of that work which has been hitherto published in this place.
On behalf of the Faculty,
ROBERT DAVIDSON, President.
MR. WM. P. FARRAND.
SIR,
The Professors in Dickinson College, who have carefully examined the first sheets of your English translation of WETTENHALL'S GREEK GRAMMAR , observe, with pleasure, that the work is executed in an accurate manner—the additional notes are highly useful, and the type is neat and elegant. It is their wish and hope, that your performance—a work that must have cost much pains and expense—may be duly estimated by the publick, and that it may encourage and aid studious young men to acquire an accurate knowledge of one of the most admired and useful languages of antiquity.
On behalf of the Faculty,
ROBERT DAVIDSON, President.
MR. WM. P. FARRAND.
DEAR SIR,
For almost a century, common sense has exhibited and rejected the absurdity of teaching the Roman tongue by the use of a grammar written only in the language it is intended to illustrate, and to which the pupil is a perfect stranger. As at the time youths begin the study of Greek, their acquaintance with the Latin is very partial, the operation of the same principle is correcting the impropriety of teaching the elements of the Greek through the medium of that language. This is the more necessary, as in some grammars, particularly in Dr. WETTENHALL'S , the style has in it more of the refined elegance of the scholar than of the requisite simplicity of the teacher.
Contemplating the correctness of your translation, the useful notes you have added, and the general utility of the work, I cannot avoid expecting as well as hoping that in its extensive circulation you will find your deserved reward.
W. STAUGHTON.
MR. WM. P. FARRAND.
Philadelphia, October 25. tf 489
NORFOLK HOTEL.
THE Subscriber informs his friends and the publick, that he has opened an HOTEL in that convenient house formerly the NAVY TAVERN No. 123 Main-Street, where he hopes by his attention, to give satisfaction to those who may favour him with their company.
He will always keep the best liquors: and Private Parties will be furnished with Dinners, Suppers, or Relishes, at the shortest notice.
BOARDERS accommodated by the week, month, or year
Henry Benbridge.
October 9. tf 170
FOR SALE—A BARGAIN.
THE SUBSCRIBER,
WISHING TO DECLINE THE RETAIL BUSINESS,
OFFERS FOR SALE,
HIS WHOLE STOCK IN TRADE,
AMOUNTING TO ABOUT $20,000.
CONSISTING OF
DRY GOODS , Cutlery, Hardware, Calfings, Nails of all sizes, and a number of other articles—The whole will be sold on very low terms, and a liberal credit will be allowed, on bond with approved security—Also, the balance of the lease of his Store, equal to any Rand in Norfolk, if required. Property in the Borough of Norfolk, or Lands in the neighbouring counties, Publick Securities, &c. will be taken in exchange. For further particulars, apply to
James Tucker.
WHO HAS FOR SALE, ON VERY LOW TERMS,
A VALUABLE TRACT OF LAND,
on the South Branch of the Potomack.
August 23. tf
FOR SALE,
  12 Puncheons ANTIGUA RUM.   15 do. GRENADA do.   5 Pipes HOLLAND GIN.   20 do. COUNTRY do.   12 do. FRENCH BRANDY.   2 do. ALCANT do.   22 Qr. Casks SHERRY WINE.   10 do. MALAGA do.   PORT and CLARET WINE, in casks & bottles.   6 Barrels PORK—and about   1000 Dozen PORTER, of my last winters flock, equal to any imported. 
Joseph Hayes.
August 24. tf