Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1807-06-08 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE And PUBLICK LEDGER  SINT HIC ETIAM SUA PREMIA LAUDIS
VOL. III.]
MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 8, 1807.
[NO. 140.
For Sale, Freight, or Charter, The fine fast-sailing Ship ROSE, 300 tons burthen, now ready to receive a cargo. Apply to WM. HARTSHORNE, Jun. June 3. tf
For Freight or Charter, The good Sloop DIRECTOR, James Tarlington, master, burthen about 800 barrels, in complete order.—For terms apply to Richard Bowden, & co. June 1. tf
For Freight or Charter, The good Ship FRANKLIN, Thomas L. Quesenberg, master, burthen about 15 to 1600 barrels, and will be ready for the reception of a cargo in a few days—a freight to Bordeaux or to the Havana would be preferred. Apply to Wilson, Cunningham, & Co. May 29. tf
For LONDON, direct, (Will sail by positive agreement the first week in July, or sooner.) The Ship ALMIRA, Job Whipple, master, having two thirds of her cargo engaged. For freight of the remainder or passage, having excellent accommodations, apply to the master on board, or N. Heron. May 27. tf
For SALE, The Cargo of the brig Nancy, capt. Muren, consisting of  90 puncheons high proof SPIRITS, 14 hogsheads choice retailing Molasses, 9 puncheons Castor Oil, containing each about 15 dozen bottles, 6 tierces Pimento. The Brig NANCY, is offered for Sale; she is a remarkable strong well found vessel, burthen about 1600 bbls JAMES YOUNG. May 27. 6t
For Charter, The good Ship UNION, P. Remington, master, burthen 215 tons.—For terms, apply to Moses Myers. May 20. tf
For FREIGHT or CHARTER, The Phil'a built Ship William Penn, coppered, burthen 960 tons, now ready to receive a cargo. Apply to Edward Watson. Who has for Sale, 3 Trunks excellent Linen; 7 doz. Chairs; 1 case Umbrellas, well assorted. March 23. tf
For Freight or Charter, The Brig ROEBUCK, Tho's Bolan, master, burthen 270 bds tobacco; a freight to France would be preferred. Apply to Noble, & Arbuthnott, & Co. April 3. tf
Office of Discount and Deposit, U. S. Bank, Norfolk, May 20, 1807. WANTED TO PURCHASE,  A few Thousand Pounds Sterling, in approved endorsed Bills on, or payable in London at Sixty Days sight. Robert Oliphant, Cashier. May 20. tf
The subscribers have just received by the latest arrivals from Europe, and now opening at their Store on Market-square, a handsome assortment of Dutch and English GLASS, CONSISTING OF
 Wine, } GLASSES.  Punch, }  Cordial }  Tumblers, Cordial Bottles, }  Flint Decanters, }  1 1-2 pint do. }  Quart do. }  Salt Cellars, }  Glass Bows, &c. &c. }  Looking Glasses of various sizes. 
An assortment of Marble, consisting of Chimney Pieces, Table ends of coloured do. Slabs, Brackets &c. On hand, in Store, 50 puncheons Tobago Rum, 15 hds. Muscovado Sugars, 10 barrels Loaf Sugar, 5000 wt. Green Coffee, 25 barrels Whiskey, 15 barrels Apple Brandy, 50 boxes Soap, 180 boxes Candles, 120 do. Herrings, 150 reams Wrapping Paper, 100 do. writing do. 200 cases Lime, 6 boxes Chocolate, 12 quarter chests Imperial Tea, 4 chests Hyson do.
Also landing This Day,  4 cases assorted French Cambrics. Selden & Clark. May 22. tf
CASH Will be given for Thirty or Forty SHARES of Virginia Bank Stock. Apply to the Editor of this Paper. Nov. 5. tf
For Sale by the Subscriber at his Soap Manufactory, in Bank-Street,  150 Boxes of Mould CANDLES, warranted to answer the warmest climate,
4000 wt. of BROWN SOAP, for family use, or can be put up in boxes on the shortest notice for exportation. 100 Kgs of BUTTER, and a quantity of ROSIN—all of which will be sold low for cash or good paper. Henry M'Dowell. May 6. tf
450 bbls. superfine FLOUR, } A-float. 100 half barrels do. Also landing this day from the schooner Iris, captain Moffet, from Matanzas,  43 boxes brown } Clayed SUGARS. 32 do. white }
And in Store,  150 barrels Pork; 50 do. Shad, 50 boxes Soap; 100 barrels Tar; 50 do. Turpentine, 30,000 W. and R. O. Staves and Heading, A few tons of Fustic—all of which will be sold low and on liberal credit. George Wilson. April 22. tf
Spring and Summer GOODS.  RICHARD & JOHN TAYLOR, Have received by the ships Hunter, from London, and Dumfries, from Liverpool, their supply of Fancy and Fashionable GOODS, Irish Linens, Hardware and Cutlery, &c. &c. which they offer for sale by wholesale and retail on the most reasonable terms, for cash or good paper. May 6. 2m
SPRING GOODS.  COCKE AND SANFORD, Have received per the Ship Hunter, from London, an assortment of SPRING GOODS, Consisting of  Muslins, plain and figured, Cambricks, Dimities, Calicoes, Ginghams, Chambrys, Irish Linens, Long Lawns, 5 4 and 6 4 Sheetings, Oznaburghs, Ticklenburgs, Dowlas, Checks, Seine and Wrapping Twine, Cotton and Silk Hosiery, Gloves, Best superfine Cloths and Cassimeres, Bombazeens, Bombazetts, Crapes, Lute strings, Folding Matrasses, Fashionable Hats, and a few pair Dress Boots. They are in daily expectation of  A supply of Cutlery and Saddlery, &c. from Liverpool. May 4. 2m
Spring and Summer GOODS. The Subscribers have received by the Ship Hunter, from London, their supply of Fancy and Fashionable GOODS, which they offer on reasonable terms for cash, or approved notes. Mackinder & White. May 1. tf
Just received an additional supply of SUMMER GOODS, Among which are  Mens' best London Beaver HATS, do. do. do. Japanned do. 25 grove black and coloured Hat Linings, Green and plain silk Parasols, French Lute strings & Saracens, Elegant long French silk Shawls, Linen Cambricks, Black silk Florentine, fancy Muslins, Japanned and tamboered Shawls, fine Dimities, Musquito Netting, Threads, Pins, sewing Silks, &c. &c. One case fashionable Bonnets, Tea Trays, &c.—For Sale at No. 41, Main-street, by Wood & Hastings. May 20. tf
John & Wright Southgate, Have received by the Hunter, from London, an assortment of GOODS, suited for the season. ALSO,  A few patent and grand Piano FORTES. May 1. tf
NOTICE. The copartnership of Perren & Graves, being from the 21st May dissolved by mutual consent, all those having claims against the concern are desired to bring in their respective accounts to Patrick Perren, and those indebted to them to make immediate payment to the said Perren, who is fully authorised to settle the same. Patrick Perren, Robert Graves. June 1. tf
For RENT, (until September next,) That commodious brick Dwelling-House, lately occupied by the subscriber, situated on Catharine street, opposite to Mr. Richard Bagwell's, and next door to Mr. Thomas Gatewood's, well calculated for a family.—For terms apply to Richard Bowden. June 1. tf
A TENEMENT, calculated for a small family, pleasantly situated on Smith's Point. Apply to J. Palmer, adjoining the premises. May 29. tf
We offer for Sale, The entire Cargo of the ship Franklin, capt. Quesenberg, from Matanzas, consisting of 217 hds. Muscovado SUGAR, and 100 do. retailing Molasses, on accommodating terms for good paper, with approved endorsers. T. & W. A. Armistead. May 29. 3w
FRESH TEAS. 116 boxes Imperial, 26 do. Hyson, 56 do. Young Hyson, 10 do. Souchong The above are of the very first quality, and are all entitled to drawback of duties if exported, will be sold low for cash or short credit, by Mackinder & White. May 29. 6t
300 dozen empty BOTTLES, will be sold low if applied for immediately. John C. Niemeyer. ALSO,  An invoice of fine Linen GAUZE, for Musquito Curtains. May 27. tf
NOTICE. The creditors of Gilbert Robertson & Co and of Robertson & Brown, who have executed the Deed of Trust, and the creditors of Gilbert Robertson and James Brown insolvent debtors, are requested to exhibit their accounts to Alexander Van Pfister without delay, as it is intended to make the first dividend of the estate on the twentieth day of June next. James M'Evers, Alex'r Van Pfister, John Jones, jun. } Assignees. New-York, May 13, 1807.
The creditors designated in the foregoing notice, residing in Norfolk, or whose accounts are against the firm of Robertson & Brown, are requested to exhibit the same to the subscribers. Theo. Armistead, James Taylor, Robert Dickson, } Assignees.
EDUCATION. Notice is hereby given that the trustees of Margaret Academy, in the County of Accomack, have engaged Teachers and made the necessary arrangements to commence said School on the 8th day of June next.—In this Seminary will be taught the English, Latin, and Greek Languages, Geography and the Mathematics. The Teachers are graduates of Yale College, in Connecticut, and some highly recommended as gentlemen of learning and irreproachable moral characters. The buildings are erected on an eminence which commands a fine prospect of Pungoteague river and the Chesapeake, and is supposed to be inferior, in point of health, to no situation on the Eastern-Shore. The Scholars who board in the School must find their own bedding, and also make an advance to the steward of Twenty-five Dollars. May 25.—1m
For SALE,  230 Barrels of PORK. Apply to Richard & John Taylor. May 25. tf  For SALE,  500 bbls. Corn, 40 do. sup. Flour, 20 do. fine do. 6 do. Ship Stuff; and a few hampers Double Gloucester CHEESE.  FRANCIS SMITH. May 25. tf
Valuable PROPERTY for Sale. One Lot of Land on Smith's Point, opposite Mr. Collins' house, containing 107 feet front, and 199 feet deep, bounded on the South by Butte street, North by York-street, and East by Dunmore-street. ALSO,  The Water LOT, where the old ship Tom lies, containing about 200 feet on the front of the channel, and running back about 700 feet to Henry-street, agreeable to Moore's plan. Terms, 4, 8, and 12 months credit.  Daniel R. Waddey, & Co. May 25. tf
We want to Purchase, A few Shares of STOCK in the Virginia Bank.  Campbell & Wheeler. May 22. tf
For RENT, (and possession given immediately.)  My WHARF and WARE-HOUSES, at present occupied by Mr. John Moore, and others.—It is the best situation in the Borough for a Lumber Yard, and will be let low to a good tenant. Also to Lease,  That convenient Lot of LAND, on Commerce and Little Water-Street. For terms apply to James Tucker. May 20. tf
Landing on Newton's wharf, from on board the sch'r Experiment, from Tobago, and for Sale by the Subscribers,  17 tierces Molasses, 1 hhd. Rum. AND IN STORE,  13 tierces prime Green Coffee, and 6 hogsheads prime Sugars.  Wilson, Cunningham, & Co. May 20. tf
For Sale by the Subscriber,  5 hogsheads Loaf SUGAR, 42 boxes Window Glass 10 by 12, 83 pieces twilled Sacking.  A. Maclure. April 27. tf
I wish to purchase from  3 to 400 cords of Oak & Beach Bark, to be delivered at my Tan-Yard, for which cash will be paid at the usual prices. Complaints having been frequently made by persons who procure Bark, and are too careless to preserve it, that oppressive deductions are made for that which may be damaged, thereby subjecting them to the alternative of carrying it home, where it is of no value, or of submitting to what they think an imposition. It is necessary to apprise them, that it is my determination to receive hereafter no Bark which may be injured at any deduction whatever.  THEO. ARMISTEAD. April 15. tf
VIRGINIA, to wit: At a Chancery District Court, held at the former capitol in the city of Williamsburg, the 28th day of April, 1807, Josiah Riddick, against Michael and John Wallace, and Barnet Pulliam, defts. } The defendant, Barnet Pulliam, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this country; on the motion of the plaintiff, by his counsel, It is ordered , that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in one of the newspapers published in the borough of Norfolk, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the former capitol in this city. A copy.  Anthony Robinson, C. C. May 18. 2m
For Rent or Lease, The HOUSE now in the occupancy of Mess. Caton and Veale, fronting the Market; it contains an excellent Cellar, a Dry Good Store, and two Rooms below stairs, and three above; a Kitchen may be had with the house. Apply to Mess. Caton & Veale, or to Robert Taylor. May 4. tf
FOR RENT, (And immediate possession given,)  CEDAR GROVE. That handsome situation either for a private residence, or a place of publick resort, which the subscriber has lately been improving on the Southern Branch, between the two bridges. The river affords Fish and Oysters at the door, and a bold sandy beach; a delightful sea or salt-bathing. The open grounds in front of the house are laid down in oats and white clover, and behind is a very fertile spot for a garden, which the tenant may lay out to his own taste. For terms apply to William C. Nelson. May 18. 2m
A WORK That ought to be in the possession of every MAN.  THE LIFE OF GENERAL WASHINGTON, Complete in 5 volumes 8vo. with an elegant PORTRAIT, and a variety of MAPS, is now ready for subscribers, and a few copies for Sale by JAMES TUCKER.
The following remarks from a late London publication, attest the high opinion entertained of this authentick and interesting work. "The publick will learn with interest that the literary monument which has long been projected to the memory of the most illustrious character of modern times, is at length completed. No apology can be requisite for erecting such a monument to him, who was the first in war, the first in peace, and the first in the hearts of his fellow citizens: to him who was the founder of a great and prosperous empire, and whose moderation and pure patriotism challenge the imitation of all statesmen. This performance of judge Marshall has already been distinguished by the most honorable & unequivocal testimonies; it has been hailed as an acquisition to standard literature; and it has been considered as deserving, in point of execution, a place by the side of Robertson's Charles the Fifth, and as unrivalled in the authenticity of its materials, by any work in the entire compass of history and biography." April 1. tf
Just received from Philadelphia,  6 hogsheads of Rye WHISKEY, 1 pipe and 4 bbls. Country Gin, 8 boxes first quality Chocolate; 15 do. do. Mustard, 10 kegs best Gun Powder; 14 doz. Wax and Grain Calfskins, 2 dozen Boot Legs; 500 lbs. Seal Leather, 50 pieces Russia Canvas; 50 do. Ravens Duck, Bar Iron and Castings.—For Sale by John D. Haldane. April 27. tf
For SALE at my Brew-House,  Strong, Table, and ship BEER, by the hogshead, barrel, and half barrel—and a constant supply of bottled PORTER in packages and by the dozen. And in Store,  Wines, Liquors, and Groceries, wholesale and retail.  Joseph Hayes. Feb. 13. tf
For RENT,  The Store and Dwelling-House, on Market-Square, at present occupied by Mess. Quemper & Duon. Apply to William B. Lamb. WANTED,  A few Shares Virginia Bank Stock. April 13. tf
Saddle and Harness Manufactory. The inhabitants of Norfolk, and the publick in general are respectfully informed, that ROBERT Y. M'BRIDE, & CO. have just commenced the SADDLING BUSINESS in this place, at No. 10, Church-street, where they intend carrying it on in all its variety; they make all kinds of Ladies' and Gentlemen's Saddles in the newest fashion; Coach and Gig Harness of all descriptions, with every other article in the Saddlery Business, and they take this opportunity of informing the publick that their work will be executed in a style of neatness and utility, equal to any imported from London or any other place, and far superior to any thing of the kind ever done in Norfolk; their materials will be of the very best quality, and every attention paid to give satisfaction; from these considerations, and in the hope that the best work will always command the preference, they rely on the publick for encouragement. Those who have been in the habit of importing, or sending to Richmond, Petersburg, &c. for Saddles and Harness, will now have an opportunity of being supplied in their own neighbourhood. May 13. 1m
NOTICE. The Street Commissioners will allow to all Crafts from the rivers and shores of the bay, One Dollar per ton for every ton of good round paving Stone, which may be delivered upon their wharf in Norfolk, between this time and the 20th June next. May 11. tf
400 barrels Tar, 20,000 pipe Staves, 30,000 White Oak Hogshead do. 50,000 Red do. do. 100 Barrels Flour.—For Sale by L. Mansfield. Portsmouth, May 8. tf
Leather, Cordage, and Loaf Sugar. The subscriber will hereafter expose for Sale at his Warehouse on Campbell's wharf the above Articles, of the manufacture of Norfolk, at reduced prices for Cash, or on short credits only.  Theo. Armistead. He will sell or lease for a term of years, the STORES at the end of Marsden's and Rothery's wharves. Feb. 20. tf
FOR SALE, 50,000 white oak hogshead draw Staves 50,000 red do. 30,000 rough do. 20,000 Cypress Pales 2,000 Cedar and Chinquepin Posts 50,000 building Shingles.  Proby, Harmanson & Co. March 2. tf
The partnership of Gilliat & Mackinder being dissolved by the mutual consent of those concerned in it, it becomes necessary that all the transactions of this firm should be immediately settled and closed.—All persons therefore who have any claims against the said concern, are requested to send in their demands forthwith, and those indebted are desired to pay up their respective debts to Mackinder & White, who are fully authorised by the late partners of the house of Gilliat & Mackinder to settle and adjust its concerns. March 6. 3m
The Subscribers offer for Sale, at their Warehouse, No. 3, Maxwell's wharf,  1000 dozen of CLARET, in cases of from one to six dozen, some of which is of superior quality, and the greater part entitled to drawback. A few cases,  Vin de Grave and Bourdeaux Cordials, Prime Sugar in hds. and bbls; Coffee in bags, and A few hds. Rum.—All of which will be sold low, and on a liberal credit.

THE PUBLICK LEDGER.
MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 8, 1807.
Attention to the following is requested. Distant subscribers to The Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger, are notified, that at the expiration of the present year of their subscriptions, the paper will be discontinued, unless the arrearages are paid up, and without respect to persons, as the editor is resolved to ascertain exactly what number of subscribers the paper has; this is a measure of necessity on our part, and therefore will require no apology. We think every one can nearly ascertain when he first subscribed. Original subscribers are informed that the fourth year will commence on the 17th of next month. The price of the paper is Five Dollars and Fifty Cents per annum, payable in advance.
LEDGER OFFICE, } June 8, 1807. }
We are assured, upon undoubted authority, that the Post-Master-General has given orders that the Petersburg mail shall in future arrive here on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, in the evening, by 6 o'clock, and set out for Petersburg the ensuing mornings. By this regulation, which is to continue until the 1st of November, a mail will arrive and depart, as was originally intended, every day.
Our last noticed the arrival of Mr. Purviance, secretary of the American legation at London. It is expected that he went to sea this morning in the United States' sloop of war Wasp, bound to England. We cannot undertake to say positively, that the treaty has been sent back by Mr. Purviance; yet we must conclude such is the case, but whether with a view to procure modifications by negotiation, or to reject it positively without those modifications, we cannot say, as we are not possessed of any information whereon to form an opinion.
On Tuesday next the grand jury will again assemble in Richmond; the gentlemen from this place who are of the grand jury, set out yesterday evening, and will reach Richmond this evening. Our readers of course must not expect to hear of any further proceedings in the trial of col. Burr, until after the grand jury assemble again, unless in the meantime general Wilkinson should arrive; in which case the attorney may renew his motion to commit colonel Burr on the charge of treason. It appears to be the more prevalent opinion that general Wilkinson will not attend the trial, but we must confess that we do not perceive how, under existing circumstances, he can avoid attending. It has been distinctly stated by the attorney for the United States, that general Wilkinson had not only been summoned by the usual process of law, but that the secretary of war has ordered him to Richmond, and that the secretary of the navy has given orders to the commander of the naval force of the United States at New-Orleans, to furnish the general with any vessel he might require. If then general Wilkinson does not attend, he will risk the displeasure of the government, who will not countenance him, but probably dismiss him from command. If the general does not attend, we do not perceive how the government can pass over his disobedience of a civil process, and a military order; under this view of the subject, we think the general must attend, unless from a conviction that in the course of the investigation he may become so implicated, as to be exposed himself to a prosecution.
We lately published an interesting debate in the British House of Commons, in which the strength of the new administration was put to trial. The debate in the House of Lords which we publish this evening, was produced by a motion similar to that made in the Commons, and which has experienced a similar fate.
Discovery of Fire Arms.
The art of making guns was discovered by a native of Germany in the year 1380, in the following manner:—As this German was powdering brimstone in a mortar, covered with a stone which he struck with an iron pestle, a spark of fire falling amongst the powder, caused such a flame to issue from the mortar, that it raised the stone to a great height. Perceiving this, he made a pipe of iron, tempered the powder with some other ingredients, and completed the deadly engine. The first who used these destructive weapons were the Venetians against the inhabitants of Genoa. It might, perhaps, have been well for the world in general, had the inventor carried this casual discovery to the grave.
Method of killing Slugs or Grub Worms in Gardens.
Let water be suffered to remain three or four days on tar in a barrel, and it will become strongly impregnated with a quality noxious to these vermin, and if poured upon them they will immediately die; to save young plants from their depredations, scatter this water (by means of a water pot) on the ground before and after sowing or planting.
NEW YORK, May 30.
The administration papers are filled with censures upon the editor of the Citizen for the frank & correct sentiment he delivered upon the affair of capt. Love of the British sloop of war Driver, and his conduct in Charleston harbour. In this, as in almost every other instance, the more the conduct of administration is tried by the test of truth, the more will it be found unjustifiable. What must an American who has the honor and interest of his country more at heart than the justification of the ex-
ture, "It cannot be concealed that since Mr. Jefferson's accession to the president's chair this country has undergone a close connected series of insults, injuries, and wrongs from the French, from the Spaniards, and from the English. The magnanimous patience of our president, instead of melting their inexorable hearts and producing a relaxation of their rigour or the slightest mitigation of their contempt and encroachment, but encourages them to greater harshness and severity. We have the authority of the president's own message to congress for asserting that the outrages committed by Spain called for measures of vigour; yet never were taken. We see in consequence greater acts of outrage, accompanied with a more open avowal of contempt. Spain shuts us out from New Orleans contrary to right—What did the executive?—Compel a restoration of our rights, as he ought to have done? No, under the specious form of a territorial purchase, he bought at the price of fifteen millions of dollars a temporary quietus. Spain still harasses us in that quarter—enters our territory, seizes and carries off our fellow citizens, and no other step for satisfaction is taken. To be let alone two millions more are offered by way of propitiation.—Still Spain will not let us rest. But, what is worse than all this, Spain is found carrying on treasonable intrigues with our citizens to put into her hands the whole of our Western Territory. For this alone, Mexico ought to be taken. A more mortal stab to the honour, and a more mortal stab to the interests of a nation, never was given. But instead of exhibiting the least resentment, the affair is left to expire into oblivion, and the very citizens who were concerned in the treason are left unimpeached and unpunished—nay, in office. In every part of the world our vessels are taken and confiscated and our citizens in them robbed and maltreated and punished, by French cruisers, by Spanish cruisers, and by English cruisers. From not one of them are we safe. This is known to the whole world—To the whole world too is known that for some reason or other we bear it patiently. A murmur now and then is faintly heard, and, as the distant rattling of a cart is for a moment taken by timid women for thunder, the murmur, feeble as it was, has been taken for the voice of resentment; but there it ends. Will any man of common sense hesitate to admit that the general sense of this degradation which has gone abroad into the world, and which every school-boy in Europe by this time knows, must generate scorn and incite every puny whipster to contumely.—Is the human heart so little known by any one, that he will say, and expect to be believed when he says that timidity and forbearance under gross insult and wrong will not produce worse. Why the very zealots in religion—the most meek and charitable—the very preacher who, in discharge of his duty, inculcates peace, moderation, and forbearance, sickens with scorn at him who carries the doctrine beyond the lengths of manhood. He preaches forbearance, 'tis true, but it is mutual forbearance—The most fastidious Quaker must turn up his nose at such degeneracy.
If indeed humiliation on one side were sure to be followed by moderation on the other, there might then be some plausible plea for carrying it as far as even the executive would wish—But when on the contrary, humiliation generates new and greater wrongs and insults, it becomes worse than mean, it is mischievous, nay, it is ruinous as well as disgraceful. The government of England was, in direct contradiction to its opinions and its wishes, compelled to go to war to revenge the cutting off of a Spanish guarda costa of a British captain's ears; it could not resist the popular clamour—Now mark the consequences—the guarda costa took good care never again to meddle with the ears of Englishmen. Had our executive marched a sufficient force into N. Orleans, and opened by force immediately upon the occasion, these swaggerers of any nation would be careful how they ventured to insult us. But the marching of troops to New Orleans was reserved for the safer time when it was inhabited by our own citizens. And though we could not find a force to repel Spanish insolence and to assert our independence and honour against foreign aggression, we could find sufficient to violate the rights and liberties of the people, to trample upon the constitution and to put innocent men into arbitrary, illegal imprisonment and under the coercion of military despotism.
The defenders of administration, therefore, may rail at the individuals who commit the aggressions and those who impeach the imbecility of the magistrate who suffers them, but they will not be able to controvert the fact that the national ministers who tamely submit to their own and their country's wrong are much more condemnable than the foreigners who commit it. People's Friend.
BRITISH PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF LORDS, April 13.
The Marquis of Stafford rose, pursuant to the notice he had given on Wednesday last, to submit a motion to the house respecting the consequences of the late change in his majesty's councils. He expressed his regret that a matter of such delicacy and importance had not been taken up by abler hands; but observed, that there were times and circumstances, under which it was the duty of every noble lord in that house to come forward and offer the best advice his judgment could suggest, for the maintenance of the publick good. It had always been his anxious wish to see that the best talents and abilities the country could boast of united in a rival exertion of those talents for the publick welfare; but he had to lament the loss of one distinguished man (Mr. Pitt) at a most critical period of our affairs, which considerably weakened the administration of which he was the head. He next had the satisfaction of seeing another ministry constituted, which certainly embraced a great portion of the character, integrity and talents of the nation. This ministry also lost one of its main supporters (Mr. Fox); but still it was one from which he expected the country would reap much benefit. That administration had recently and very unexpectedly been removed; and he was sorry to observe their removal did not seem to be accounted for on any constitutional and satisfactory grounds. By this double loss, and by the change that has thus taken place in his majesty's councils, the affairs of the nation were left in a situation which he could not but lament. Indeed, much as he lamented it, he had still more to lament the causes that led to that change, and the nature of the advice which induced his majesty to make it. For advisers in so critical a measure his majesty most undoubtedly had, who
was an excellent maxim of the constitution, a sacred one in his eyes, which made the person of the sovereign inviolable; and which, by pronouncing he could do no wrong, rescued him from all responsibility for any publick measure. That maxim he was confident their lordships would maintain, and upon it he would rest the necessity of adopting the motion, at least in part, which he should have the honour of concluding with. He thought that nothing he should offer would be construed into personal disrespect by any noble lord: he was incapable of any thing of that kind, both from inclination and gratitude. But however great his respect might be for any noble lord now in office, his anxiety for the safety of the state and the prosperity of the country, made him solicitous to see a more able and comprehensive administration. He would not impute to any noble and learned lord the circulation of any misrepresentation that had gone through the country, respecting the conduct of the late administration, and the motives that influenced their dismissal from office; but it was with sorrow, and indeed with some indignation, he observed, that many of these misrepresentations had a tendency to stir up religious animosities, and disunite several descriptions of his majesty's subjects without any adequate cause whatever, and much to the danger and detriment of the general welfare. He most earnestly deprecated all such pernicious attempts, which could never be ventured on without hazarding the most perilous consequences to the country. Various causes had been assigned for the sudden change that has occurred in the administration, but one of them was sufficient in his mind to justify those who had been dismissed from office. It also, he thought, justified him in submitting the following motion to their lordships. The noble marquis then concluded with moving that,
"This house, feeling the necessity of a firm and stable administration at this very important crisis of publick affairs, resolve, that it is impossible to view, without the deepest regret, the change that has recently taken place in his majesty's councils, which regret is considerably increased by the causes to which that change has been ascribed, it being the opinion of this house, that it is the first duty of the responsible ministers of the crown to restrain themselves by any pledge, expressed or implied, from giving any advice to his majesty, which to the best of their judgment, the course of circumstances may think necessary, for the honour of his majesty's crown and the security of his dominions."
Lord Aberdeen rose in reply to the noble marquis. The question now started appeared to him to involve a very serious inconvenience, inasmuch as it intimately connected itself with the personal conduct of the sovereign. That was unavoidable, however studious noble lords might be to avoid it. For though it appeared a general and abstract proposition, it was calculated, at the same time to serve as a justification of the conduct of the late ministers; and by justifying them, to insinuate blame in some other quarter. He could not but consider the question as embracing two parties; the late administration, and the prerogative of the crown. It went to exculpate the crown, to which no blame could attach. Indeed it was very difficult, from the insulated manner in which the question was brought forward—nay it was impossible to discuss it without recurring to other circumstances, which it did not purpose to comprehend.—When the late ministers consented to withdraw a bill which they deemed to be indispensably necessary to the safety of the country, they hinted that, in future, they might be under the necessity, not only of re-producing the same measure, but perhaps some further measures of a similar nature. How could it be imagined his majesty could listen to such proposals, when it was known—perfectly well known—that the opinions of the sovereign upon those points were immutable. It might naturally occur to his majesty, that the same might be again proposed to him at a time when perhaps it might not be equally in his power to resist it. How natural then was it for him to demand an assurance from his ministers, that they would no longer think of any such measure; but that so far they would allow his feelings and his conscience to remain undisturbed. That assurance the late ministers refused to grant, and their refusal made it necessary for his majesty to dismiss them. Much had been said about secret advisers on this occasion, and it was contended that the sovereign could do nothing without responsible advisers. This might be the case; but it was impossible to make that true which was false, or give existence to what no where existed. Would it be attempted to make the ministers responsible for measures that were taken before they came into office? But if the measure for which it was wished to fix responsibility upon them referred to the late change of administration, he trusted the present minister would not shrink from it; for it was the only line of conduct which the sovereign could, under such circumstances, adopt, consistent with his ease and dignity. On these grounds he should move the previous question.
The Earl of Hardwicke followed; he felt the question before the house an embarrassing one, and accordingly had paid much attention to it. The noble earl who spoke last divided it into two parts. To the first he thought there could be no objection, for that our domestic situation, and our foreign relations, were of urgent and serious consideration, no man could deny, and therefore it must be a matter of regret that any such change should have taken place at so critical a moment. The sort of administration which the present posture of things required, was well described in the words of the motion it should be "a firm and stable administration;" but these he feared, were qualities that could not be truly ascribed to the ministry that had just been formed—this observation he felt himself in justice bound to make, without thereby meaning any thing disrespectful to any individual member, for many of whom he entertained a very sincere regard; their appointment he considered to be as conjectured to their own interest, as it was hostile to the interests of the country. The late ministers had, in his opinion, been very ill treated, and the motive that influenced their conduct, had been most unfairly misrepresented. The noble earl then went into an examination of the statement made in his place by a noble lord (Grenville) of the whole of the transactions which led to the removal of him and his colleagues; that statement appeared to him highly satisfactory; and however followed the circumstances that produced and recommended the bill brought in to the other house, must be thoroughly persuaded that it could never be the intention of its framers to
cise; and indeed it was impossible to impute any thing like intentional deception to characters of such acknowledged honour and integrity—There was nothing more ungrounded or mischievous than the alarm which, on account of the introduction of that bill has been too industriously spread throughout the country—There could be no danger here from it to the church establishment: it was equally sure there was no danger in Ireland; upon reflection it must be felt to be highly criminal to have propagated such an alarm in the latter country. Much as he respected the present Ministers, he did not think them equal to the present crisis. He was anxious, for the country's sake, that the affairs of the country should, at such a moment, be in different hands, and upon these, and many other grounds, he was disposed to concur in the motion of the noble Marquis.
Lord Erskine made a very animated and argumentative speech in support of the motion. All honourable men must agree in condemning the manner in which the late administration had been removed. It was a pitiful and a contemptible triumph, which could have no stability. A noble earl (Hardwicke) had anticipated much of what he had intended to offer the house, and gloried with that noble earl, in contemplating the long list of penal statutes which were swept away by the act of 1793. The condition to which the repeal of these statutes had restored the Roman Catholicks of Ireland, they were indebted for the benign disposition of his majesty; and he was certain they would for ever cherish the memory of the benefactor with warm and inextinguishable gratitude. In the present arduous crisis of the publick affairs, and when the increase of French aggrandizement was so anxiously to be rejected, it was the earnest wish of the late administration to be enabled to avail themselves of the full extent of our population for the increase of our naval and military strength. The union promised to put those means in their power, at least as far as regarded the Catholicks in Ireland. This induced the noble lord (Grenville), as the head of the late administration, to endeavour that men who had shewn themselves worthy of trust, should not be excluded from any rank, however high, in either service. This suggested the idea of the bill that was introduced into the other house, and of which a most scandalous use had been made to asperse the characters of the late ministers, and to agitate the publick mind with the most groundless alarms. Nothing was more false than that the measure involved any danger whatever to church or state; neither was the disposition of his majesty with regard to it fairly and faithfully stated. No noble lord in that house should be admitted to state, that the mind of the sovereign was immutably hostile to any measure of that tendency. Such a declaration was as unfriendly to the security of the crown, as it was irreconcilable with the spirit of the constitution. No man felt more sincere veneration for the sovereign than he did, and he would be the last man in the world that would reduce his authority to a cypher; and it was that veneration which prompted him to say, that the sovereign could never harbour such a disposition as an immutable hostility to any measure that might be necessary to the well being of any description of his majesty's subjects. The consequences of such a determination can never attach upon the crown. All acts of kindness, grace, generosity, clemency, and munificence, belong to his majesty; but whatever acts of harshness or wrong, can never be his act; for such acts ministers only are responsible. As to all that has been urged with respect to the coronation oath, not an objection of them but has ever been adopted in favour of the Catholicks; but his majesty's wisdom and beneficence have weighed down all these objections. That a misunderstanding had been excited with respect to the bill in question, he would readily admit; but there was nothing in that misunderstanding that afforded the least ground of suspicion against his colleagues. Indeed no man of honour could for a moment suppose them capable of any deceit towards their royal master. Their conduct was not only a proof of their fairness and sincerity, but their cautious deference to the opinion and wishes of their sovereign. But why thus shew their deference by withdrawing a bill which they had asserted to be their indispensable duty to propose? They certainly felt the political expediency of bringing forward such a measure; but finding strong objections made to it, they withdrew it, reserving to themselves the power of bringing it forward again, whenever an imperious necessity called for its further adoption; and here he must hope that no noble lord would attempt to confound political expediency with an imperious necessity. How such a reservation on their part could offend his majesty, he knew not; nor would he believe that it had offended him, unless the measure had been misrepresented to him by some secret mischievous advisers. No, never should he believe that the removal of the late ministry, and the manner of their removal, was the act of the sovereign—it was an act foreign to his disposition, and contrary to the whole tenour of his political life; it is an act that carries with it marks of a very different nature, and is only the work of those who surround him.
He would insinuate nothing against the noble lord, which he was not ready openly to avow; and if any noble lord took to himself what he was alluding to, he should be ready to believe that noble lord, when he denied any such advice upon his honour. It was, however, well known, that in all political machines, there were wheels within wheels; yes, as many as in a silk mill; and many of them also so sunk in the dark, that it was almost hard to know their places. Some motion of this kind may tend to explain the intrigues that removed the late administration. Whatever motives or opinions may be imputed to the sovereign, it is impossible he can be made responsible for any of them. His advisers only are responsible: and whoever would presume or venture to say that any such measure was the spontaneous unprompted act of the king, to that person he should say, such an assertion is not to be discussed here, but in the Great Hall. The constitution must be preserved; and he would hazard his professional character that this was sound constitutional doctrine. Who will attempt to alter the nature of man? Yet it must be altered before it can be expected that the Catholicks of Ireland will cease to present addresses and petitions. They present one—no notice is taken of it. They present a second, a third, a fourth; is no notice to be taken of them? Who will take upon himself to declare that now is not the time to listen to them? Or who will dare declare that no time is ever to be given to them? Or no cir-

cumstances arise, when their claims should be ac- ceded to, and the bar between Catholicks and Pro- testants removed: if any one do venture to make such a declaration, he should say that such a man should be tried for sedition. He really shuddered at the consequences that might result to mankind from the effects of such unconstitutional doctrines; he could not, even with calmness, contemplate them at a distance. Under that impression he should strenuously support the motion.
Lord Boringdon did not mean to negative the re- solution of the noble lord (marquis of Stafford) by relieving the house from the necessity of coming to any decision upon it. He moved therefore that their lordships do now adjourn.
Lord Sidmouth could neither absolutely concur with the noble mover, nor yet give his motion a direct negative. He acquitted his late colleagues of any wilful misrepresentation of the facts that led to their dismissal from office, as likewise from the least intention of surprising the conscience or im- posing upon the understanding of the king. Not- withstanding some opposition from lord Radnor, he entered into a minute statement of those facts, tending to prove that a reciprocal misunderstanding had existed between all the parties, and concluded by declaring, that he must oppose a proposition, which by the most remote construction went to at- tach blame to the sovereign.
Lord Lauderdale, in an animated speech, repelled the imputation cast on the motion, as intended to convey a censure on the royal person, and contend- ed that the present ministers stood virtually bound by the pledge their predecessors had rejected.
Lord Mulgrave opposed the motion, and denied his being bound by any pledge, as none had been de- manded of him.
Lord Holland insisted upon the implied existence of such a pledge.
Lord Grenville declined entering again into a statement of the matters that led to the dissolution of the late ministry, because he had already ex- plained them to that house, and that not one title of them had been shaken by all the attempts made for that purpose. With respect to the trite question of "why he introduced the bill if it was not ne- cessary, and it necessary why he abandoned it," he referred them to lord Castlereagh, as more conver- sant with the solution of difficulties arising from ti- gerasation, and who had imported the question from Ireland, for the carrying of which he stood pledged to that country.
Lord Hawkesbury made an able reply to lord Grenville. His lordship contended that the whole of the statement made by the noble baron, and of the debates to which that statement gave rise, were irregular and unparliamentary. The noble baron had accused him and his colleagues of being the first set of ministers who had shrunk from respon- sibility, to shelter themselves under the wing of their sovereign. He would tell that noble baron, that he and his colleagues were the first ministry, who in or- der to cloak their own misconduct, had arraigned the conduct of his majesty at their lordship's bar. He acted from a sense of duty and consci- ence in accepting a place at the present; and as long as he was conscious of acting upon such grounds, he should never shrink from the responsibility to which his official situation made him liable. He had always been adverse to the granting any further concessions to the Catholicks, and even to cherish any such hopes in their minds. It was that hope which keeps Ireland in a continual ferment, and un- til it was laid asleep, there would be no tranquility in that country. The Catholicks of Ireland were, he was certain, grateful for the many indulgences which distinguished his majesty's reign towards them; and equally confident did he feel, that they would demonstrate that gratitude by their steady loyalty, and falsify the contrary prophecies in which the noble baron seemed inclined to indulge.
Earl Camden explained his conduct on the Catho- lick question in 1801.
Earl Moira, in reply to lord Hawkesbury, shewed that it was the garbled publication of the cabin- et minutes, by the present ministers, which bro't the question into discussion.
The house divided at 7 o'clock in the morning, on the motion of lord Boringdon, that the house do now adjourn—
Contents (including proxies) 171 Non-contents (including proxies) 90 Majority for the new ministers, 81
From the (London) Sun, April 9.
BOXING. The pugilistic exhibition between Jim Belcher (who once enjoyed the enviable title of Champion of England) and Crib took place yesterday at Mou- sey Hurst, opposite Hampton, for a stake of 200 gu- ineas. Both the pugilists are celebrated in the sport- ing world. It has been a matter of surprise to many that capt. B. should have ventured to have backed Crib against so celebrated a professor as Belcher, who, although he has in some degree degenerated in strength, besides having lost an eye, ranked first in the science of prize-fighting. When Belcher's prowess was at its zenith, it would have been farci- cal to have matched Crib against him; but the mightiest may be overcome—and such was the case with Belcher, whose fame was obscured by the result of his memorable battle with the Game Chicken.
Crib, who is, by way of distinction, elegantly termed the Black Diamond , has but humble preten- sions to the character of a skilful boxer; but he pos- sesses those qualities, with reference to his method of fighting, which entitle him to a place about third on the list of the bruisers of the present day. He has successfully opposed Blake , Maddox , and seve- ral others of a second rate, but he was obliged to yield the palm of victory to Nichols , a Bristol Lad, two years since, whom Belcher once beat. Crib is nevertheless considered by the cognoscenti a safe man to back, for he is, technically speaking, the complete glutton, and never yields until nature ob- liges him. The mode of fighting he has uniformly adopted has been that of falling back, in order that his adversary might follow him, and it is by perse- verance in this retreating system, that Crib nights at home, for those who exert themselves in pursuing him, generally get punished. He is a slow hitter; but to perfect him in the science of boxing, capt. B. and Bill Ward have frequently sparred with him since he has been in training, and he had evidently profited by their instructions. At 11 o'clock yes- terday Hampton was filled with the amateurs, and at 12 o'clock the candidates for their diversion en-
tered a 20 feet roped ring, encircled by one of very large dimensions. Each of them appeared full of confidence, and Belcher betted Crib 25 to 20 before they set to. Average betting was about 6 to 4 in the ring, but the cognoscenti were cautious of tak- ing the odds.
THE BATTLE. Round 1. After some cautious sparring, Belcher hit Crib left and right on the head and body. Crib returned a blow slightly, and attempted to rally, in doing which he closed, and Belcher threw him.— 2 to 1 on Belcher.
2. Belcher made a feint, and hit his opponent two hard blows on the head and body, who returned one of them; and, whilst reaching to make ano- ther, he slipped and fell on his hands. In this round Belcher drew the first blood.
3. A well contested round, somewhat in favour of Crib. Several blows were exchanged with great dexterity. Belcher was at last thrown, and he put in an expert body blow whilst falling. Betting the same as at the commencement of the battle.
4. Belcher made two blows at the head and body of his adversary, who stopped them with ability. Belcher closed on his man, and both fell.
5. Crib received a severe right handed blow on the left eye, when Belcher closed on him, and gave him a heavy fall, after having hit him twice on the body.—5 to 2 on Belcher.
6. Crib became weak; he stopped his adversary's blow, and fell on a blow which he attempted to make.
7. Crib bore the marks of some severe blows under the left arm. Belcher stopped two blows attempted by his adversary, and again hit him right and left, and rallied him to the cords which confined the ring, where Crib clung to them apparently in a very ex- hausted state, and fell. Belcher kneeled over him with an air of confidence. 3 to 1 on Belcher.
8. The combatants exchanged several blows in a rally, and Crib bled freely. The round was ended by both falling.
9. Belcher attempted to hit his opponent right and left; Crib stopped the right-handed blow, but the other told, and Belcher fell on it.
10. Belcher went in at his man courageously and without ceremony, and hitting Crib several hard blows, without giving a shadow of chance, he rall- ied him to the extremity of the ring, when Crib again dropped as if lifeless. 4 to 1 on Belcher.
11. Crib stopped two of Belcher's blows, but he was not quick enough to return them, and both closed and fell irregularly.
12. Belcher, in the preceding round, manifested that he was become very weak, and Crib, in this round, seemed to have recovered. He rallied Bel- cher successfully, and hit him under the perfect eye, and continued to rally until he closed his opponent against the ropes, and threw him.
13. This round was in favour of Belcher, who, however weak, gained the admiration of the ama- teurs by his superior skill and courage. It ended with Crib being thrown.
14. Both seemed to have gained fresh strength. Crib stopped two well directed blows, and Belcher instantly complimented him with two real ones on the body. They closed and fell to the disadvantage of Crib. 4 to 1 on Belcher.
15. Belcher appeared as gay as at the commence- ment, and rallied his opponent to the ropes, when an irregular struggle finished the round.
16. Crib stopped the blows aimed by his oppo- nent, and shewed that he had acquired a good deal with respect to science. After several scientific blows had been exchanged, both fell against the ropes. The betting was very dull at this stage of the battle, for it was known that Crib had not re- ceived half the beating he was able to take, altho' he bore evident marks of violence. On the other hand, it was feared that the constitution of Belcher would not allow him to stay long. The spectators were inclined to take the odds.
17. Belcher feebly rallied his opponent to the ex- tremity of the ring, and he fell through weakness. 2 to 1 on Belcher.
18. Crib received some most desperate body blows, as well as one of equal violence on the neck, and on being followed up he fell, and to an ordinary spectator, it could not be supposed that he would ever rise again. 5 to 1 on Belcher, who, however, unknown to the spectators, had sprained his right hand.
19. Belcher fell without making play, but he was very cheerful.
20. Both closed and fell without making a blow. 21. Belcher from the blows he had received on the perfect eye, threw away many blows, by being incapable of judging his distance.
22. Crib hit his opponent twice on the head, and Belcher slipped whilst attempting to return them.
23. Belcher hit his adversary, and gave him a cross-buttock.
24. The combatants closed irregularly, and fell, to the disadvantage of Belcher.
25. Crib hit Belcher a hard blow, and in attempt- ing to repeat the same, Belcher shifted away, and Crib ran himself down. Some murmurings—but "fair, fair," had the majority.
26. This was the round that altered the odds in fa- vour of Crib, for Belcher appeared very feeble; and the former beat his adversary away from him, and knocked him down.
27. A well-contested round, to the disadvantage of Belcher, who however, gave his opponent ano- ther cross-buttock.
28. Crib hit his opponent, after having stopped a blow, and both closed and fell.
29. Crib closed on his opponent, and threw him over the ropes, by his superior strength.
30. A blow was exchanged, and Crib again, by a slight blow hit his opponent down. Five to two on Crib.
31. A hard round, alternately in favour of each. Crib had the best of it in hitting, but Belcher threw him a heavy fall, after having retreated.
32. Both closed and fell, without a blow being struck.
33. Belcher summoned all his efforts, and went in spiritedly to his man; he however was rallied and thrown.
34. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
35. Crib rallied down his man.
36. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
37. Crib rallied down his man.
38. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
39. Crib rallied down his man.
40. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
41. Crib rallied down his man.
42. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
43. Crib rallied down his man.
44. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
45. Crib rallied down his man.
46. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
47. Crib rallied down his man.
48. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
49. Crib rallied down his man.
50. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
51. Crib rallied down his man.
52. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
53. Crib rallied down his man.
54. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
55. Crib rallied down his man.
56. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
57. Crib rallied down his man.
58. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
59. Crib rallied down his man.
60. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
61. Crib rallied down his man.
62. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
63. Crib rallied down his man.
64. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
65. Crib rallied down his man.
66. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
67. Crib rallied down his man.
68. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
69. Crib rallied down his man.
70. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
71. Crib rallied down his man.
72. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
73. Crib rallied down his man.
74. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
75. Crib rallied down his man.
76. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
77. Crib rallied down his man.
78. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
79. Crib rallied down his man.
80. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
81. Crib rallied down his man.
82. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
83. Crib rallied down his man.
84. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
85. Crib rallied down his man.
86. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
87. Crib rallied down his man.
88. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
89. Crib rallied down his man.
90. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
91. Crib rallied down his man.
92. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
93. Crib rallied down his man.
94. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
95. Crib rallied down his man.
96. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
97. Crib rallied down his man.
98. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
99. Crib rallied down his man.
100. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
101. Crib rallied down his man.
102. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
103. Crib rallied down his man.
104. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
105. Crib rallied down his man.
106. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
107. Crib rallied down his man.
108. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
109. Crib rallied down his man.
110. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
111. Crib rallied down his man.
112. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
113. Crib rallied down his man.
114. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
115. Crib rallied down his man.
116. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
117. Crib rallied down his man.
118. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
119. Crib rallied down his man.
120. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
121. Crib rallied down his man.
122. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
123. Crib rallied down his man.
124. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
125. Crib rallied down his man.
126. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
127. Crib rallied down his man.
128. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
129. Crib rallied down his man.
130. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
131. Crib rallied down his man.
132. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
133. Crib rallied down his man.
134. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
135. Crib rallied down his man.
136. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
137. Crib rallied down his man.
138. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
139. Crib rallied down his man.
140. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
141. Crib rallied down his man.
142. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
143. Crib rallied down his man.
144. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
145. Crib rallied down his man.
146. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
147. Crib rallied down his man.
148. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
149. Crib rallied down his man.
150. Belcher was scarcely able to stand; and his opponent, who was but little better, smiled at him.
151. Crib rallied down his man.

AGRICULTURE.
AN ESSAY ON MANURES,
BY A. YOUNG, ESQ.
This essay obtained the reward of the first Bedford Medal, which was voted by the Bath Agricultural Society to the author who produced "the best essay, founded on practical experience, on the nature and properties of manures, and the mode of preparing and applying them to various soils: in which essay shall be pointed out the cheapest manner of collecting and preparing the different kinds of manures, and the state, season and quantity in which they should be applied." In this essay the author considers the subject of manures under the several heads of their nature , their properties , the mode of collecting them, the state in which they are applied , the manner of application , the season when applied , the quantity required , and on what soils the respective kinds are most beneficial . In classing the various bodies which may be applied as manures, he divides them into,
 1. Such as are dry or made on a farm, and  2. Such as are usually purchased. 
Marle, of the manures of the first class, is the most common in England, in some one of the denominations of clay, stone, or shell marle; it may be distinguished by various colours, but these are no otherwise material than as indicative of iron.—It is by nature a fossil substance, usually composed of sand, clay, and calcareous earth; it falls in pure water, as well as by exposure to the atmosphere. The property that renders this manure particularly valuable is the calcareous earth it contains, and there is great reason to believe that the calcareous earth is the part taken up by vegetables. The common way of collecting marle is by digging—it may, however, be sometimes dredged up from the bottoms of rivers, particularly the Shannon. In searching for marle, therefore, these places ought not to be overlooked, but should be bored as well as the other parts of a farm. This manure requires no preparation, and as to the state in which it is applied, whatever benefit may result from exposure to the atmosphere, it must be attained after spreading; if, however, it be obtained from the bottom of lakes or rivers, the heaps should be left for six or twelve months. The application requires more extensive notice: the bulk of this manure renders the carriage so expensive that every means should be used for lessening it. As marle should be very long exposed for the atmosphere to melt it down, and as the roots of the grass combine it with the surface of sward land, whether applied to this or to arable, it should be applied in such a manner as to remain as long as possible undisturbed. The most experienced farmers are apprehensive of turning marle in too deep with the plough. This manure is usually applied on so large a scale as to preclude choice in the season; it must be done when the teams have most leisure; it should, however, be suspended whenever the ground is much cut by the carting. The most advantageous quantity, though an object of extreme importance, has not been satisfactorily ascertained; it is better, however, to lay on too little than too much, as the application may be repeated in the former case, and the latter is sometimes productive of deterioration of the soil, and must be regulated in some manner according to what soil it be applied. On loose and sandy soils, the Norfolk farmers frequently apply from one hundred to one hundred and fifty cubical yards to an acre, and on soils of more firmness, eighty, and even sixty yards have been found sufficient. If turnips produce deformed strings of roots, or if the rush-rooted grasses prevail, the experienced farmer will pronounce the land to want marling, and upon wet loose loams, which are found when manured with dung to be more productive of straw than corn, marle has generally been found an effectual remedy.
Chalk differs so very little from marle as to make it necessary to point out only the variations; it naturally possesses more calcareous earth, and is comparatively harder, and consequently its properties are not very different; it is usually collected by digging from pits, which, for the convenience of application, should be opened at small distances; and it may be applied in all states, and at all seasons. The quantity required is smaller than that of marle, and the soils abounding with wild sorrel have been found to be highly improved by it, and indeed it is used successfully on all soils, on which marle has been found to answer; on moors, peat-bogs and peat-heaths, chalk is more beneficial than marle, as containing a larger proportion of calcareous earth.
Lime has furnished matter for volumes; but the best chance of obtaining the plain truth will be, to reject opinions and examine experiment alone. Of the exact nature of lime, there is some difference among chemists: it may be obtained from the burning of all hard calcareous substances whatever, as marble, limestone, chalk, spar, &c. The operation of fire expells from these substances certain portions of water and carbonic acids, leaving nearly pure calcareous earth. From this circumstance its properties are sufficiently apparent, and are the same as those of chalk and marle as far as calcareous earth is concerned; it neutralizes acid salts, and consequently will act powerfully on all peat soils, but will not give the tenacity to sands, or the friability to clay, which chalk will effect: it is, when slacked, of such extraordinary divisibility, that it is capable of much more intimate combination with other substances than either marle or chalk. It may be collected almost in every situation; for limestone exists in many districts unknown to the farmer: the common test of the stone is by pouring upon it a strong acid; yet this is not always practically correct. Calcination or burning is the preparation of lime, a process too common to need description. The state in which lime is applied is either fresh from the kiln while hot, or else after it is slacked; each method has its advocates: where putrefaction is the object of the application, it should be made as soon after it is burned as possible. Summer is undoubtedly the best season for the application of lime, but it may be laid on at other periods. The quantity of this manure varies more, perhaps, than in any other: it has been used up to seven hundred bushels to an acre, but the improvement has not been always in proportion to the quantity; for much depends upon the soil. Upon peat-bogs and moors and mountains, experience speaks an uniform language; on these the benefit of applying lime is great and decided; its caustic powers
destroy the spontaneous productions of the soil, and convert them into a mucus, which the atmosphere turns into vegetable mould. All wastes are best reclaimed by lime. When Meriden Heath, in Warwickshire, was inclosed, part was treble-folded, part well dressed with rotten dung, and part limed: oats were sown over the whole; the part limed produced scarcely any corn, and the seed not worth saving; the part dunged succeeded very little better, but that which was limed produced an excellent crop. It does worst of all on a cold hungry soil, and on strong deep clay extremely retentive of moisture no perceptible good is produced by it.
Limestone has been tried and found excellent in ameliorating such soils as other calcareous manures operate upon successfully. The suffrages of Dr. Anderson and Lord Kames are decidedly in its favour. When pulverized and reduced by breaking, it is not very dissimilar from lime which has been slacked: it is the best of all manures for improving a bog, its great weight giving the pressure so much wanted on peat-moss.
Clay, loam and sand are substances which have been used as manures upon the largest scale. Their effect depends upon the deficiency of the soil. Clay is beneficial on sand, but sand not equally so on clay: what is called clay is sometimes found on examination to be loam, and always improves a sandy soil. Sea-sand, from the quantity of shells it contains, partakes of the nature of marle.
Burnt clay, marle and earth are frequently applied as manure in every part of the united kingdom. Their nature and properties will vary with the proportion of calcareous earth they contain, as that is converted by burning into lime.
Paring and burning are mechanical operations; and though nothing is directly added to the soil by them, yet the effects are frequently very beneficial. The nature of the ashes resulting from this operation must necessarily vary according to the nature of the earth burned; but in all cases the operation reduces the roots of vegetables to coals and ashes, and thus prepares a stimulant and nutriment for plants. The effect of heat in this operation is visible wherever burning is practised, by the spots where the fires were made assuming a deeper green than the rest of the field. The properties of the ashes may also vary with the soil, but they all operate as a very powerful manure: the practice of paring and burning has never been adopted without success. The common practice of collecting the turf is to pare on some soils from two inches thick to half an inch in others; but an inch may be considered the average depth; and the chief attention required in burning is to guard against too great a calcination. A considerable variation of the state in which the ashes are applied exists in common practice; some farmers spread and plough them in immediately; others leave them for a considerable time in heaps exposed to the atmosphere. In the application they should be kept as near the surface as possible, and care should be taken not to bury them very deep in the furrow; and as this work can only be done in dry weather, this season is necessarily limited to the Summer months. The quantity of this manure must depend on the depth of paring, and on moist soils it may be applied with success. Experiments have confirmed the beneficial effects of paring and burning on clay, loam, sand, chalk, and peat.
The second class of manures, or those which are usually purchased, the author divides into animal, vegetable, and fossil; and as this subdivision is not merely imaginary, the several substances are noticed in their respective orders, with observations common to each.
Night soil is to be had in quantities only in the neighbourhood of cities. In such situations it is largely used, and much experience has arisen from the application. The common quantity for an acre is 200 bushels. It is the best of all manures, and, if dry, the cheapest: it does well on all soils and for all crops. It has been drilled along with rape-cake dust with much benefit by Mr. Coke at Holkham.
Bones are used to a considerable extent about London; about five or six loads to the acre, which contain, on an average, 250 bushels. They are most beneficial on strong soils, and their duration exceeds that of any other manure. The effects have been visible for more than thirty years. The dust and refuse of bone manufactory is also a valuable manure particularly for drilling.
Sheeps' trotters are a powerful manure, and usually sold by the quarter with felt-monger's cuttings: they are commonly applied in the proportion of four or five quarters to the acre, but eight are sometimes used. They should be ploughed in not less than six or eight inches deep, to prevent the attraction of vermin and dogs.
Feathers are found to be a powerful manure, and twenty-five bushels an acre have been spread with much success; ten bushels to an acre yielded a produce of forty-eight bushels of white wheat, while the same quantity unmanured produced only twenty-eight bushels.
Fish of all kinds is one of the most effective manures that can be carried into our fields. The whale blubber often never fails of producing great crops wherever it is applied; pilchards and herrings produce the same effect. In Dorsetshire, Mr. Davis spread them fresh at one shilling per load, and ploughed them in for wheat with much benefit, but they are usually applied mixed with salt. In the fens, the small fish called suckle-backs are obtained out of rivers, and applied to this purpose.
Graves, or tallow-chandlers' refuse is purchased for manure, and from ten to fifteen hundred weight are commonly spread upon an acre. The effects from them on poor sandy soils are very great in turnip crops.
Woolen Rags, chopped in small pieces, are frequently applied as manure, from 10 to 1500 weight to the acre. It has been noticed in Hertfordshire, that they are most beneficial in dry and sandy soils. They become the food of plants in common with all other animal substances, and also attract and retain much moisture from the atmosphere.
Curriers' shavings and Furriers' clippings are bought in London and other populous places. When corn sells high they are eagerly sought for; for though they are expensive, yet they are a beneficial manure but do best on dry soils.
Horn shavings are also bought, and applied at about thirty bushels to the acre; they are applicable to all soils, but succeed best on all in wet seasons.
These manures are all animal substances, and their nature and properties are in all resolvable into the same parts as yard and stable dung; they contain the principles which by every consistent theory of vegetation are necessary to the food of plants, and the practice of the farmer is in perfect unison with the theory of the chemist; for every husbandman knows, or ought to know, that every animal matter whatever will fertilize his fields. The only question of preparation which can arise, is whether these substances should be immediately applied to the soil, or prepared by fermentation in a dunghill; and the common practice is to make the application of them to the soil in the state in which they are purchased . The season must be determined by the opportunity of purchase, and the quantity has been remarked under each article; and as to soil , all animal substance acts as manures powerfully on all.
Wood ashes were found to be a manure in consequence of some experiments undertaken to disprove a suggestion of a Mr. Hazentratz, who thought that all alkalis were not manures. The nature of them is well known, and wherever they have been tried, they have proved a valuable manure. Their property is to attract carbonick acid from the air; they are applied without preparation, and the spring is the proper season; and forty bushels to the acre is the common quantity on all soils.
Peat Ashes are common manure in all countries where part bogs are found; their value usually depends on the blackness and density of the peat, and the neighbourhood of Newbury in Berkshire supplies the best: the usual quantity of these is ten or twelve bushels to the acre, but of other kinds from twenty to forty bushels have been used; their effect is greatest on dry soils.
Coal Ashes are used all over the kingdom, from fifty to two hundred bushels to an acre; they are most effective when spread on clover, sainfoin, or other seeds, in the spring, and are beneficial on grass, lands and green wheat. The effect on them is considerable on the dry chalk lands of Hertfordshire. The knowledge of their properties is very imperfect.
Peat Dust, if the peat be black and solid, is resolvable into a greater portion of hydrogen gas than most other manures; it is also strongly attractive of humidity, which renders it very advantageous on dry and sandy soils. The use of it as a manure is not general, but it is well known, and much esteemed, in Bedfordshire and Herefordshire.
Soot is composed of oil, volatile alkali, carbon, and earth; no wonder, therefore, that it should be found a very powerful manure. Its component parts are so minute that they may be washed into the ground by a single shower, and become the immediate food of plants. Twenty bushels to the acre is the most common quantity , and the season of application is the spring. Green wheat and clover are much benefitted by this measure, the effect of which is great on moist soils , but least upon strong or wet clay.
Potash Waste is a powerful manure; and ten loads, or three hundred and fifty bushels, are commonly applied to an acre. Much good is produced by it on low meadows, and in general on all grass lands.
Sugar-Bakers' Waste is supposed to be a powerful manure, but its effects are not known from experiment; it can be procured only at five or six places in the kingdom.
Tanners' Bark, if useful anywhere, ought to be so on calcareous soils; mixed with lime it has been beneficial. But as the tanning principle is in all cases hostile to vegetation, whatever benefit is derived from tanners' bark must arise either from the lime or the animal impregnation. Experiments do not recommend it.
Malt Dust has been used with success wherever it has been applied. Particular experiments have proved its value, if laid on from fifty to sixty bushels to the acre. It gives great improvement to cold grass lands, and is consistent with all kinds of soil.
Rape Cake has been in common use in Norfolk for more than half a century, and the quantity was usually half a ton to the acre; an advance of price has however now compelled the agriculturist to lessen the quantity, and Mr. Coke makes a ton doe for five or six acres by drilling it with turnip seed—When ploughed in with wheat, it has been found more forcing to the crop than either dung or fold; but the turnips after the wheat have not been so good as after those manures. Malt dust and soot were found equal for wheat, but rape dust better than either. The operation of this manure is assignable to a very obvious theory; for all oleaginous bodies abound greatly with hydrogen and carbon, and their utility consequently must be great.
These manures are all vegetable substances, and their nature and properties do not differ from the vegetable substances in the first class; the most beneficial quantity has been mentioned under each.
Among fossil manures coal ashes might have been classed, but for obvious reasons they are mentioned with other ashes: lime has also been treated in the first part of the Essay; there only then remain to be noticed salt and gypsum.
Salt, by various experiments and by observations made apparently with care, has been decided to act as a manure in some cases to a degree that proves its excellence, when properly applied, but other persons have reported unfavourable of it. The knowledge of this manure is yet in its infancy, but experiments have generally shown it to be beneficial, but more especially when added to any dung or dunghill; and it probably acts as an assistant to putrefaction.
Gypsum is scarcely known at all as a manure: the reports of those who have made experiments with it are very contradictory. In this state of our knowledge both of this and the preceding article it is wise to accept the favourable reports, and attribute the failures to soil, season, or some unrelated circumstance. The quantity of gypsum usually applied has been about six bushels to the acre.
Experiments on mixtures of composts, are extremely difficult, and must be ever unsatisfactory. If composts be resorted to to promote putrefaction, that is inconsistent with the idea that putrefaction should be retarded till the measure be applied to the land; they may be useful to get rid of an evil, as to mix pot-ash, or lime, or chalk, with pond mud to destroy its sterility; but here seems to end the benefit of composts.
The food of plants deserves much consideration in the application of manures. From experiments extremely numerous, and observations made by eminent chemists, it appears that the two substan-
ces which play the greatest part in vegetation are hydrogen and carbon (the presence of light and heat is always to be supposed): those manures, then, which supply the greatest proportion of these, must be most beneficial in promoting vegetation. Theory has furnished many conjectures on this subject, but experience has confirmed few facts; and the inquiry belongs rather to chemistry than to agriculture.
SAMUEL COLEMAN, Opposite the Market westward, has a very extensive assortment of
ENGLISH KID SHOES, in all the variety of that article, of the latest (legal) importation, with the necessary embellishments. An extensive assortment of Boston SHOES of a great variety of kinds.
Also, a good assortment of New-York SHOES, of which kind particularly, he is enabled to sell the best Shoes in town—since no other person here, that he knows of, is largely supplied from that place; the superiority of the workmanship of New-York is well known to many people, and will be known by all who try it.
A considerable assortment of British, New-York, Philadelphia, and Boston BOOTS—and is in expectation of a large quantity of Shoes and Boots of all descriptions from New-York, which will be sold at the prices of that place, wholesale and retail.
He has just received, New-York SHOES and BOOTS, and an assortment of Mr. Vernon's elegant Baltimore Boots, at least equal, it is believed, to any made on this continent. Being anxious to sell off his Boston Shoes and Boots, he will take in retail for Men's finest Shoes 10s. 6d. and in the same proportion for others—Suawrow Boots at 6 dollars—He will also reduce the price of English Kid Shoes with heels, to 10s. 6d.; without heels to 9s.
He has for Sale, a considerable quantity of India COTTONS, very low for Cash. May 27. 2awtf
For RENT, (And immediate possession given) That commodious Fire-Proof WARE-HOUSE, on the North side of Wide Water street, a few doors West of Commerce-street, at present in the occupancy of Mr. R. Gibson. David Patterson. tf
HERMITAGE & CLARET. We are landing from Bordeaux a new case of each of very superior quality. C. & F. Whittle. tf
GERMAN LINEN, &c.
JOHN C. NIEMEYER, Has just received and offers for Sale, for approved paper at 4 and 6 months, 27 Packages of GERMAN LINEN, entitled to drawback—Consisting of Platillas, Dowlas, Cholets, (or brown Hollands) Common Osnaburgs, and German Rolls. Also on Hand, Heavy Ticklenburgs, Osnaburgs, fine Shirt Linen, &c. elegant Musquito Gauze or clear Linen, Bed Ticking two yards wide, Flanders Sheetings, &c.—Also, 100 boxes first quality Spanish Segars, elegant Glass Ware and China, 90 boxes Window Glass, 6500 best Coffee Bags, 4000 Gunny Bags. May 29. tf
At the Old CUT-NAIL Manufactory, corner of Main and Church-streets, the subscriber keeps on hand constant supply, and can furnish at short notice, any quantity of Nails, Flooring Brads and Sprigs, At the following reduced prices, by the Keg—for cash only, viz—
  8, 10, 12, and 20d Nails and Brads at 7 1-2 lb. 6d. Nails, 9 1-2d   4d. do. 2s. 9d. m. or 11d 3d. do. 2s. 3d. or 12d   Sheathing, do. 7 1-2d   6d. Sprigs, 4s. 6d per M. 6d. do. 2s. 9d   2d. and 3d. do. 2s. 3d 
He offers also for cash only— HOOP IRON ASSORTED. Thos. Seaman. tf
May 25. The Subscribers have removed to Lee's wharf, where they offer for sale on liberal terms, the following GOODS,
2000 sacks of SALT, 1500 bushels loose stowed do.; 130 hhds. Molasses, 40 puncheons Old Antigua Rum; 100 do. W. Island do., 30 pipes London particular Madeira Wine, A few cases Medock Claret, 10 pipes fourth proof Cogniac Brandy, 250 barrels prime Port; 15,000 wt. prime Green Coffee, 85 barrels Apple Brandy, 250 do. Richmond fine and superfine Flour, 20 boxes assorted Cotton and Wool Cards. And afloat,
4000 bushels Northern CORN. Donaldson, Thorburn, & Co. May 20. 3w
For RENT, A very convenient Two Story Dwelling House, with a passage and three large rooms on the first story, a passage and four rooms in the second story, a good cellar and other conveniences, situated near the Dwelling-House of the subscriber on Boush-street. Possession may be had on the 1st of June. Also for Rent,
The fire-proof WARE-HOUSE, on Commerce-street, between those occupied by Mr. Herron and myself. Possession may be had immediately. Apply to JOHN GRANBERY. May 25. 2aw5w
Fresh supplies of Drugs & Medicines, Have just been received by FREDERICK HEERMAN, & SON, Per the Ship Proteccress, from London, and Herald from Liverpool—Also, an assortment of SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
A great variety of GENUINE PATENT MEDICINES. All sorts of GLASS AND SHOP FURNITURE, And a prime collection of VALUABLE PERFUMES, including OTTER of ROSES from Barbary.
Importing regularly twice a year from the most respectable Druggists in Europe, we assure those who favour us with their orders, that the strictest attention will be paid to furnish them with articles of the best quality, and on the most reasonable terms.
** PERRY'S and LETTSON'S Golden Antibilious PILLS; CHURCH'S and J. K. READ'S COUGH DROPS or Sale—MEDICINE CHESTS as usual.
NORFOLK: PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A-WEEK, BY WILLIAM DAVIS, FOR THE PROPRIETOR, OPPOSITE THE EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE Price Five Dollars and Fifty Cents yearly, in advance.