Lynchburg star (Lynchburg [Va.]), 1807-04-23 00:00:00

LYNCHBURG STAR.
Virginia.)
Published by JAMES GRAHAM, at 3 dollars per annum.
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YEAR 2.
Thursday, April 23, 1807.
No. 25.
The Star.
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European Affairs.
A SKETCH OF EUROPEAN AFFAIRS.
France has, by her arms, and by the extension of the confederation of the Rhine, obtained a supremacy in the centre and north of Germany, as she did in the south in 1805. The German Duchy of Holstein, belonging to Denmark, and the German Duchy of Pomerania, belonging to Sweden, are all the countries, in the late German Empire, which have not submitted in form, or in effect, to the French arms. The western moiety of Poland, including its capital, is behind the French army. They occupy the heart of that country.
In the end of December a part of their force, and a considerable body of Russians measured bayonets. The French claim most prisoners, baggage, and cannon, and kept the ground. The Russians claim material advantages of the same kind, but not so great, and they admit they retreated, but allege it was to prevent the turning of their rear by the French. This is actual inferiority.
At the moment of these unexplained movements, negotiations for peace between France and Russia are circulated, and France does not seem to oppose the same activity against the progress of the Russian arms in the Turkish provinces. At the same crisis, France drops her negotiation with Sweden, and presses her anew in military array. The king of Sweden is the relation and ally of Russia.
The influence of France seems to extend in Denmark. It is an ominous fact, that the emperor Napoleon remained in January near the Baltic Sea, and seems vigilant, active, and steadfast in his course of increasing his command of its shores. Already he possesses the banks of all its rivers which yield its supplies of oak timber and of grain. The influence of the French over Sweden and Denmark will be very considerable by reason of their possessing those rivers in Germany and Poland, through which the Danes and Swedes obtain much of their bread stuff, and grain for distillation and brewing. This circumstance may be turned to serious effect, in regard to the navigation of the Sound. Whatever is contemplated on that subject will also be materially affected by the freezing of the waters.
Some uneasiness appears to prevail on the part of Spain, in regard to her prospects from France. Portugal remains still and quiet,
with her destinies suspended by a hair. Austria is inactive against France, not to say complaint or accommodating. The efforts of the Neapolitans against their new sovereign seem to be at an end. Turkey is likely to be engaged in war, or to yield some of her provinces to more powerful states. It is difficult to say what will be the conduct of the three great continental powers with respect to the Turkish empire, and towards each other, on the continent of Turkey.
The French and British, unable to inflict directly, serious wounds on each other, are aiming to inflict them, by all circuitous means in their power. The English-Baltic supplies of grain, salt provisions, and materials for ship building and manufactures are daily placed more & more within the power of the French. The aspect of European affairs becomes every month more serious. Dem. Press.
From a late London paper.
Still are we without any official advices from the continent. Yet accounts continue to be received from various parts of successes of the Russians after the 26th of December. One letter from a house in Germany, dated the 23d ult. states, "that the French lost nine generals in the battles immediately subsequent to that of the 26th December; but not a word more do they mention of their loss.—Davoust attacked the centre of the Russian army, on which this division retired fighting; but they broke both their wings to bear on Davoust's rear, and ultimately defeated him with great loss."
Another letter says, that it was on the 28th Dec. "that the fortune of war changed in favor of the Russian army, and continued decidedly so till the 30th, the date of the last dispatches from the scene of action, which at that time had removed nearer Warsaw, to which city the French had retreated, after suffering repeated defeats."
General Menstein, the commander of Danzic, has published a bulletin, announcing intelligence from Koningsberg of another total defeat of the French by the Russians after fighting from the 27th to the 30th Dec.—The editor of the French paper printed at Altona, also received a letter containing the particulars of the above defeat; but the French Minister insisted that the whole was a falsehood, and had it suppressed.—According to this letter, Marshal Kamenskoi, by a masterly maneuvre with the centre and left wing of the Russian army, is said to have turned and surrounded three corps of the French army, namely, those of Davoust, Ney, and Soult; to have killed upwards of 40,000 and taken 20,000 prisoners, among the latter is said to be Davoust himself.
By the mail from Husum, which arrived on Friday, and brought letters from Hamburg to the 22d and accounts from Warsaw of the 8th, the fact, that the French have sustained a signal defeat in Poland, is still farther confirmed. All the accounts published in the Hamburg papers are, as might be supposed, entirely silent as to any defeat of the French; But the master of a Danish vessel which arrived on Friday in the river, has affirmed, that before he sailed from Elsinore on the 21st he saw a printed official account of the particulars of the victory obtained by the Russians. It was shown to him by the commandant of the place, and agrees with the substance of the reports which have already appeared.—After the arrival of the mail on
Friday, a note of which the following is a copy, was circulated among the public officers:—
"January 30.—Various accounts received this morning confirm the defeat of the French at Ostrolenka, but the official details are not yet arrived. Letters from Danzick mention that 40,000 French prisoners are marched into Koningsberg.—Bonaparte was at Warsaw on the 8th of January; but the Russians have crossed the Vistula, and an engagement took place on the 7th January at Zakuhow, on the road to Posen, which is said to have terminated to the disadvantage of the French."
Dispatches were also received on Friday, from Mr. Adair, which intimate that a victory had been gained by the Russians after the 26th. The Russian General B. is said to have been bought by the French, and to have been detected by the general in chief, Kaminsko, when on the point of leaving to the French the whole of the Russian magazines, by withdrawing the guard. Kaminsko, it is said, took his sword from him with his own hands and sent him in irons to St. Petersburg, and the French, when they made their attack, experienced the most formidable resistance, which ended in a complete defeat. Great disorder is said to have prevailed in the French army, particularly amongst the Emperor's guards, who insisted on winter quarters, and of five of the columns employed in the attack, three were defeated, and one had refused to advance.
From the Atlantic World.
Propositions for political changes in England and Ireland.
IF the people who inhabit Great Britain and Ireland were united in feelings and common interest, it would not be in the power of the French government to make a successful landing, even if there was a proper object to invite or require it; but the very measures which would be necessary to bring about the union would proceed from a just and liberal policy; and then the French government would not have a colourable pretext for making the invasion.
It will be asked, what this policy should be; already it has been answered in part:—further illustrations shall be given.
The first thing is to excite the gratitude and interest the feelings of the poor and most laborious parts of society; in these consist the strength of every nation. This is necessary and may be accomplished with more ease than is at first apprehended.
The people in Ireland are not satisfied with their condition; they are restrained by military force; they consider themselves in a state of bondage; the union offers nothing to soften their discontent; the military force which is supported in that island, speaks in plain and intelligible language; it shews that the British government do not rely upon the support and fidelity of the people.
If this be so, it behoves the British to adopt some other course. There is not upon earth a more brave, generous, or grateful people than the Irish. In war, in science, in commerce, in arts, in agriculture, in social duties, and in hospitality, no nation can exceed them. Why then are they not united in their affections to the British government? It is because they have ever been yet are treated as a conquered and subjugated people. a phantom; it serves a mere object of derision, without giving them of equality.
Let the municipal and political relations be the same; let no man be able to distinguish a preference in situation, between the two countries; let every Irishman be persuaded that he and all that belongs to him are subjects, and upon equal principles, of the same empire; let his gratitude be excited let his heart be warmed; let him in spite of his prejudices be compelled to believe the beneficial & happy change is about to take place, or that an order of things exist which afford all that ought to be expected.
The first and most convincing step to this would be, the establishment of schools; let the boys of the poor be educated at public expense; let them be taught as much as will qualify them for a military or naval education; let a portion of the time of every day be devoted to military duties. The school-master himself might uniformed and as much as would be necessary to teach the first duties of a camp. Let this or some other course of education continue until the age of fifteen; at that age let every lad choose the future course of his life.
If a plan, properly modified, something like this should be accomplished, the parents of the children who were thus fostered by government, would feel a confidence that the government would be just to them also.—They would be ready, upon the shortest notice, to draw the sword, a charge the bayonet if necessary in protection of that government which fostered all that was dear to them.
A project of this sort would be attended with some expense, by no means equal to the pay and support of the troops necessary to ensure submission.
A thousand teachers, with assistance of some of the most expert youths, would educate 100,000 boys annually; every rateable proportion of the people put out to business in the places might be filled with recruits, every year a number of lads expert in military exercises, gratitude to the government would leave the charge in other hands.
In a very short time, which has heretofore been a period of much disturbance to the government, a very able and willing enemy, but prompt and powerful to Great Britain, should make a descent on her shores.
Wide indifference between the two countries, it is, and has been for many years it will continue to be, unless a new era could be brought about by an emergency, or by an opportunity offered with an opportunity to teach the order of things has been.
The opportunity of the moment is gone.
The British have called it rebellion. The Irish have been overpowered; the conspicuous leaders have been destroyed, banished, or outlawed. In pursuing this policy, the British cabinet have sent many of them to Russia, where that government, more wise, has given them countenance, and encouraged them in the prosecution of the various occupations and professions for which they were qualified.
By these means the profitable manufacture of Irish linen, heretofore so great a source of commerce, will be established in Russia, and in a few years, perhaps, the British will be rivalled in a branch of trade.
While these things have been going on in relation to Ireland, similar innovations and improvements might also be carried on in Great Britain. The inhabitants of the two islands might become emulous of excelling each other in their military, agricultural, and scientific duties: The distinctions not as now, regulated by wealth, should be according to merit.
Although the most sanguine mind cannot indulge in the execution of a theory so pleasant and essential for the independence and happiness of the two islands. Yet there is something in a pleasing theory which takes us to its charms, though we defer ourselves to be with reluctance.
a theory that let

From the Alexandria Advertiser. BRITISH TREATY.
It is a maxim in law, generally correct, that a person is always to be deemed innocent until he is proved guilty. But where a series of motives in the conduct of any individual have been considered corrupt, the onus probandi ought to lie on the shoulders of the person accused; and it becomes his duty to prove his innocence.
From reasoning like this it is maintained that the friends of the President ought to satisfy the public mind, of the purity of the motives that have occasioned his late extraordinary and unprecedented conduct relative to the British treaty.
In the whole history of Mr. Jefferson's life, show me one instance of bold independence in a case of high responsibility, like that of his returning this treaty without laying it before the senate. It cannot be done. The enquiry then is, what motives actuated him. We cannot prove what the motives were; but I have the fullest conviction, that a desire to injure the reputation of Monroe, (more particularly than Pinckney) and a dread of the French government, or Turreau's whiskers, were the causes of this novel and seemingly independent conduct of the executive.
Indeed I am so apt to look for impure rather than pure intentions, that I cannot but entertain a doubt whether or not the appointment of Mr. Pinckney, a federalist, in the joint embassy, was not intended to operate injuriously on the character of Monroe. If a treaty should be concluded, to which the executive might, either justly or unjustly object; how easy to fabricate a tale, that Monroe, after the ineffectual endeavor of years, could not obtain a treaty satisfactory to himself till he was weak enough to be warped by Pinckney, or base enough to tickle his pan with English guineas.
Mr. Madison is resolved to be the next President; Mr. Monroe is also a candidate, and, in the fears at least of Mr. Madison, a powerful rival. Hand and glove are not more intimate than Jefferson and Madison; and Mr. Jefferson is determined that Madison shall succeed him. For this purpose the character of Monroe must be marred if not murdered; and a more certain way to do this scarcely exists, than spargere voces inter populos , that Mr. Monroe has turned federalist, that the federalists are all adherents to the British; and that the strong proof of Munroe's federalism is, his approving of a treaty so vile that the executive could not bear even to lay it before the senate.
Another cause of the returning of the treaty is, as I firmly believe, it meets the disapprobation of the French government; a disapprobation not expressed, except perhaps by Turreau, but which is believed to exist; and which has as much effect perhaps on the president, as if Napoleon had "lifted up his voice," as in his order to the American government to stop all inter course with St. Domingo; an order instantly obeyed; or as if his order to settle a pretended claim of the heirs of Beaumarchais.
Shall we never know on what ground the treaty is considered reprehensible? Shall we know only from such pretences as the executive may give? It is to be hoped that the public may see this treaty; either from the hands of Mr. Erskine or otherwise.
The impressment of American seamen is given as one complaint for which no provision is made. What is to be expected? The British have long contended for and will never yield their right to impress their own subjects wherever found. Once a British subject always so, by their laws. We have between 40 and 50,000 British subjects employed in American merchant vessels. We have them and have had them in our navy, ready to fight their own countrymen. Of those possibly one fifth have become American citizens, and are to be protected by us in our own jurisdiction.
But most of them have false protections from collectors and magistrates as American citizens, and many of them as native American citizens. These are fairly liable to impressment; but there is so much knavery in granting these protections, that the impressing officers, constantly cheated by spurious protections, sometimes impress native Americans. These are however generally released when proofs of their nativity appear. If that for which the executive contends, be made a sine qua non , we shall never have a treaty with England.
Some confidential provisions were made respecting the French blocking decree. If they were such as could not be approved, surely the senate might reject them, without rejecting the whole treaty.
What will be the consequence of returning this treaty is uncertain; but it is probable as the treaty is disliked in Parliament, and appears to be greatly disliked in London, that we shall not get a better, and perhaps not so good. Mr. Pinckney will have the sole management; Mr. Monroe being about to return home to meet the frowns of the president and his minions; and should no treaty be made, Monroe's popularity will be tarnished, a desirable thing to many, and Mr. Pinckney's sunk in democratic estimation. The blame must not at all events rest on the shoulders of Jefferson and Madison.
From the Western World.
COMMUNICATION.
TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
SIR, The people of the western country have been often charged with disaffection to the union. We have declined noticing in a public manner such a charge, confiding, that the occurrences of events and the lapse of time would restore us to our just character with our Atlantic brethren. But at a crisis like the present, when as far as the public can learn, an enterprise of dangerous tendency to our union or peace, is progressing; we consider it due to our honor and to the public tranquility to stand forth and acquit ourselves as patriots and as true Americans. To you sir, as the chief and representative of our nation, we do declare ourselves sincerely attached to our government and American brethren and to the present union and constitution; and solemnly assure you, that all insinuations to the contrary, are utterly calumnious—and that we view with the utmost abhorrence all expeditions or enterprises carried on without the order of our government; and in every possible shape, deprecate the idea of a disunion from our sister states.
At a meeting of citizens of Ohio county at Hartford, on the day of the county court, it was resolved unanimously, that the foregoing address be signed by Mr. Benj. Field, our chairman on behalf of this meeting, and forward it to the president of the United States.
BENJ. FIELD.
9th February, 1807.
Attest
HENRY DAVIDGE, } Secretaries. J. H. DAVEISS, }
By appealing to official documents we find—That
In a period of 20 years the population of this country has increased from 2,650,000 to 5,156,000.
That the dwelling-houses had, in the same period increased from 650,000 to 1,225,000.
That the improved lands had risen from 21,000,000 to 39,400,000 acres.
That the average price per acre had risen from two to six dollars.
That the number of horses had increased from 600,000 to 1,500,000; and the horned cattle from 1,200 to 2,350,000.
That the merchant vessels had increased from 250,000 to 1,207,000.
That the imports had risen from 11 to 20 millions of dollars.
That the exports of domestic production had increased from 9 to 40 millions.
And the exports of foreign goods from 1 to 33 millions.
That the national revenue had increased in a period of 12 years, from 8 to 13 millions of dollars; while the expenditures, making an allowance for the extinguishment of the principal of the debt, have been nearly stationary.
That the specie in circulation has risen in a period of 20 years, from 10 to 17 millions.
Nat. Int.
Governor Claiborne, in his Message to the Legislative Council and House of Representatives of Orleans territory, in February last, recommended the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus—The following was the result.
NEW-ORLEANS, Feb. 10, 1807.
[On receipt of the message, the House of Representatives thought it advisable to ask the opinion of the courts and the United States district attorney, as to the constitutionality of the measure—The following answer was returned:]
New-Orleans, Feb. 13th, 1807.
SIR, In consequence of your letters of yesterday, we have examined the ordinance by which this territory is governed, and unite in the opinion that the legislature thereof has not the power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus.
We are, with due respect, Your most obedient servants. DOM. A. HALL, GEO. MATTHEWS, JR. WM. SPRIGG, JAMES BROWN.
John Watkins, Esq. Speaker of the H. of Representatives
(The day after the above letter was received, the following resolution was adopted with but three dissenting voices.)
Resolved, That the House of Representatives of the Territory of Orleans, have examined with attention the Constitution of the United States, and the ordinance of Congress by which this Territory is governed, and are of opinion that they cannot, without violating the constitution, suspend under any restrictions whatever, the writ of habeas corpus.
New-Orleans, Feb. 19.
On Tuesday last the following resolutions passed both branches of the legislature of this territory.
"Assured of the attachment and devotion of the citizens" of this territory, to the government of the U. States—to which, under the auspices of Providence, they are as highly indebted for their present prosperity and happiness—and desiring to give a solemn testimonial to the world, of our firm determination, under all circumstances and at all hazards, to maintain and support that political connection, which has united our destinies to those of one of the freest and most enlightened people on earth.
"Be it resolved by the legislative Council and House of Representatives of the territory of Orleans, in General Assembly convened, That they have in common with their fellow citizens of this territory, viewed with horror and indignation, the recently developed traitorous conspiracy, against the union, peace and liberties of United America."
"Be it further resolved, That this legislature has been, and will ever be ready to co-operate to the full extent of its constitutional powers, with the executive this territory, and to defeat well the machinations of its foes, as all enterprises from without, which may be hostile to the territory or to the laws, government and constitution of the States."
From the Carolina Watch
MARK THE
Sometime in the month of February, a man who calls himself Lloyd, came in seeking an opportunity to see one or two of the most celebrated men in the country. He was employed
chell & Lize to attend to their farm, in the capacity of an overseer, they having agreed to make a joint crop. He began with them early in January, and continued with them fifteen or twenty days. But his profession was not that of honest industry. He paid his addresses to a young lady of tender years,—he succeeded,—he married her. He remained with her eight or ten days—laughed at her unsuspecting credulity, which listened with implicit faith to his belying tales of love—told her she was the sixth girl he had ruined, and that she would never see him after that day. In this alone she found him true; he disappeared, and has not since been heard of. It is the duty of every individual in the community, to seek this dark, designing villain.
The voice of injured female innocence humbly entreats the public to expel from society this monster in human shape. The aged father, whilst his withered arms embrace his fond, despoiled, insulted daughter, asks for justice of his country. Shocked at the unexpected misfortune, the affectionate and pious mother, sinking to the grave, demands retribution to her child. But alas! evils that are heard of at a distance, but seldom interest mankind. Had it not been for this, perhaps the tear of anguish had not trickled down the cheeks of many of those who have been destroyed by this wretch. Watch, therefore, for this man—stop his destroying progress—make him answer for his deeds—brand him with black, with foul dishonor.
Camden, 28th Feb. 1807.
The printers in the different States are requested to insert the above.
New-Orleans, March 9.
Friday last came on before the United States District Court, in this city, the trial of the Hon. James Workman, on a charge of high misdemeanour, in planning and setting on foot an expedition for the conquest of Mexico. Evidence on the part of the United States, having been given against Mr. Workman, refusing to give a witness in his defence, and submitted his case to the jury without argument, retired, and in a few minutes returned with a verdict of guilty.
Dea
On the 13th inst. an interesting indisposition of his age, died IRVINE, Merchant, distinguished for his disposition, strength, and attachments.—with the world, he was sued that his conduct, which is best calculated for success:—and successful, friendly.—and 2 sons, their inheritance.
FO
T
the
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Notice is
THAT the principal of the New Glasgow Academy is ready for the reception of students. The Trustees have lately with Mr. John Henderson, read and direct the Ladies' institution, in teaching the Greek languages, classical branches of the Mathematics, Natural and Moral Philosophy, usually taught in Schools, most modern and appropriate. There is also engaged a Superior to furnish board to the principal students, as well as to live with him, in a neat and commodious house, very convenient to the Academy, and set apart for the purpose. The Students are lodged in the Academy, and are entirely under the direction of the President.
The Trustees flatter themselves from the qualifications of Mr. Henderson, his profession, and their attention to the moral and religious education of the Students, that a very superior education will shortly afford a number of virtuous and learned men, and point the hope of the future prosperity, and excellent institution.
The terms of Tuition are Ten Dollars per scholar, payable one half at entrance, and the balance at session—and Board of Forty Dollars per month, as aforesaid; and the Scholars must provide their own wood, firewood, lodging, and clothing, excepting only those who are admitted to board in the Academy.
The Trustees receive a collection of Books, for the use of the students, it is expected that the library will be soon increased.
The first day of the 15th
10