The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1794-09-01 00:00:00

For the POTOMAC GUARDIAN.
MR. PRINTER.
EVERY passionate lover of justice and every enthusiastic righter of wrongs, will have abundant reason to rejoice on finding that the "base and cowardly" attack upon the character and conduct of General Wayne, which first made its appearance in your paper, has been to handsomely and so clearly refuted, that not a shadow of doubt can possibly remain on the mind of the most sceptical reader.
When he assures us that General Wayne countenanced and retained only the brave, whilst "the coward and the worthless he cashiered, or drummed out of his camp" he insinuates rather too much—as all the officers who have left the army are involved in this indiscriminate censure—but what is much more unfortunate is, that the public may not be found willing to believe, that men of acknowledged merit, from General Posey to Lieutenant Bond inclusive, are "worthless cowards" and have since their resignation become "vagrant hirelings"
When General Scott's opinion is brought forward, it ought also to have been remembered that the pay of three hundred of his volunteers was actually stopped, in consequence of their very good conduct! but whether this fact is recorded on the books of the Paymaster General, is a question that does not at all concern the public.
When the commander in chief (for I will not call him by the irreverent name of Mad Anthony) is accused of designs to protract the war, his talk to the Indians who came as peace supplicants, together with an account of the movements of the army at that time, ought to have been submitted to the public—this would most assuredly have satisfied all reasonable men, that his object was peace.
When it is said that instead of restraining excesses by his authority, they were countenanced by his example; it could easily have been denied that at
a Bacchanalian feast, at Greenville, Major ——, who had early in the evening, retired from the fatigues of hard drinking, was, at the General's command, brought back to the charge upon a hand barrow, whilst the music (to the great satisfaction of the whole army) played the dead march at midnight, throughout the camp; by this "strict but necessary peace of discipline" order and subordination were greatly promoted in this "gallant army."
When it is urged that he dismissed with honor an officer who had been regularly cashiered by a general court martial for "fraud and forgery," it was certainly incumbent on a Friend to Truth, to declare that Captain Falkner deserved well of his country, and he was really a man of integrity and honor notwithstanding the malice of a general court martial.
When it is declared that he arrested men of rank and worth on vexatious pretences and denied them a trial for months, proper measures ought to have been taken to blacken the character of Major Cuthbert of the third sub legion, who it must be confessed has justly incurred the displeasure of the commander in chief by obstinately maintaining the character of an honest man.
When he is charged with "screening his creatures from justice and refusing them to the law," a Friend to Truth could readily have prevailed on the public to believe, that the General's partiality in favor of the late Adjutant General Proven, was founded in reason and justice, and that the said favourite was truly a sober, discreet, honest good gentleman, and by no means a creature.
All this might easily have been done, as the archives of the War Office are abundantly stored with curious and original documents, transmitted from the army by several officers of distinction under the form of complaints, memorials, remonstrances, &c.
But I humbly presume the most effectual mode of silencing forever those slanderers, would have been to institute an INQUIRY in the army relative to the abovementioned points, when dame truth might have been prevailed upon to come forward from behind that chaotic mass of rumour with which she has so long been environed.
To conclude, I cannot but heartily concur in opinion with a Friend to Truth that the writer of Stubborn Facts ought to meet with the chastisement "of the foot instead of the sword" but as it would be beneath the dignity of a court favourite to be concerned in so vulgar a business, I would recommend it to be done by proxy, that being the most honourable mode of obtaining satisfaction.
SENEX.
P. S. The Painters who have published a Friend to Truth, are requested to give a place to this.
*Col. Hamtramck, Capt. Guion &c. to whom an apology is due for naming them in this place.
FOREIGN ADVICES.
BRITISH HOUSE OF LORDS,
MAY 26.
AMERICA.
MARQUIS LANSDOWNE, rose, and after taking a view of the conduct of the ministers at home, and of the situation of affairs on the Frontier of France, drew the attention of their Lordships to the conduct of ministers towards neutral nations, of those powers in Europe, who had not confederated in the military crusade. Their conduct towards Genoa, was highly reprehensible and impolitic; it had alienated the affections of that Republic, and driven it into the arms of France. It becomes now in its turn a spectator of our defeat and losses at Corsica, the circumstances of which it is found expedient to conceal from the public eye. Their conduct towards Sweden and Denmark, is marked with no less foresight and policy. Whose powers have already fitted out large fleets, and should they once be brought to act in conjunction with the enemy, he did not know to what extent of war and misery we should be driven.
The Marquis having drawn the outline of our situation with respect to the war in Europe, the prospect of our success, and the darkness which rested on it, said that what had prompted him chiefly to call upon and to interest the minds of their Lordships, was a matter new of the highest magnitude and the widest concern. It was the relative situation of America to this country. America, he said, as a neutral nation, and, he believed, a wise one, had adopted that conduct which it behoved her to adopt. Nevertheless, as a neutral nation, America had a right to our attention and regard in point of justice and policy. Whatever differences of opinion had arisen between Great-Britain and the European powers, the interests of America and the friendship of America, should be cultivated and revered. The peace which was made with America, in 1783,
was such as was calculated not only to lay the foundation of an alliance, but of a lasting friendship: It marked out the boundaries of her dominion with a degree of liberality—It gave her the ocean as the natural barrier of the east, and the Great Lakes as the natural limits on the North and West. The forts and outposts which by treaty should have been ceded to her, have remained since in our hands (for what reason he did not now wish to discuss) and though repeated applications have been made to government, yet it had appeared from Mr. Jefferson's letter to the Minister Plenipotentiary for America (Mr. Pinckney) that no satisfactory answer can be obtained respecting them.
The Marquis then adverted to the order of council, of November, 1793, for the seizing and detaining all American vessels laden with wheat, flour, or grain, bound to any of the ports of France; which order had been kept a secret for some time, and which, from the evil consequences that would accrue to Great-Britain in its commercial concerns, had called for a deputation of the merchants of the city of London, who deprecated any rupture with America, as one of the greatest calamities, which, in a political as well as commercial point of view, could happen to this country. This measure, the Marquis presented as ungenerous, provoking, and impolitic; and then added, as matter of the highest aggravation, the conduct of ministers, in the behaviour of the Consul at Algiers towards the American trade to Portugal. It was matter of notoriety that the Portuguese had kept in the Mediterranean, a fleet ready to act at all times against the Algerine pirates. Various reasons had been assigned for this armament. Some said it had been from the old superstitious grudge which the Portuguese had against the Barbary states. Others, for the purpose of exercising their marine, and keeping it in action. But here it served to protect the trade of America to Lisbon, and here it becomes an object of serious attention. It is alleged as a fact—a fact he had good reason, he said, to believe (but which he would wish to hear fairly denied and confuted) that a truce had been made, under the influence of the English Consul, between the Dey of Algiers and the Portuguese; and that in consequence of this treaty the Americans, unapprehensive of the danger which arose, from the treachery of the states of Barbary, were seized, plundered, and led into captivity, where many of them now groan under the oppression of those Barbarians.
The noble Marquis then proceeded to state that part of the business on which he principally grounded his motion. He said that what which would tell most seriously and feelingly to ministers to explain, and which he deemed essentially necessary for their lordships to be informed of, was, the recent conduct of ministers in the person of Lord Dorchester, Governor General of Quebec. He considered Lord Dorchester as a man too prudent to act of himself under circumstances so big with danger, so pregnant with calamity and ruin, had he not the express authority of ministers for such a conduct—a conduct which the Marquis said, went to open a scene of horror and devastation in the western world, by an open declaration of war between Great-Britain and America. Lord Dorchester had, he said, recently received a deputation from the Indians who inhabit the North west of the Ohio, announcing their wishes to unite with the English, and break the peace with the colonies. The noble Marquis here read the answer of Lord Dorchester to this deputation which re-echoed every hostile sentiment breathed by them, affixing to each period the tender appellation,
"Children."
The Marquis then said, that if a war with America was the object of their wishes; that if the peace in 1783 had now given dissatisfaction to those who then concluded it; they should come forward and declare their change of sentiment, and unfold the purposes of such a war. The Americans, from their councils and public discussions, with every means, to avert calamities of such a state; and had given proof of forbearance under insults and irritation; but he would nevertheless, from a consideration of the great importance that the trade of America is to this country, most sincerely advise ministers before they entered on a measure so impolitic, and on which a great part of the commerce of this island now depended, carefully to consider it in all its circumstances; and he hoped that they would fairly come forward, and give that information which their Lordships should know on the facts he had mentioned, and which he would be very happy to find fallacious. On these considerations he would move, "That an humble address be presented to his Majesty, requesting his Majesty would be graciously pleased to order, that there be laid before this house such instructions as have been given, or ordered to be given to Lord Dorchester, relative to the differences between the American States, and the Indians to the north-west of the Ohio, and Lord Dorchester's answer thereto."

which was produced from the pocket of the noble Lord, was one that never before came to his knowledge. He had received none such from Lord DORCHESTER; and if any such really did exist, he should doubtless in due time hear of it, together with that noble person's reasons for his conduct.—Until that time he thought it decent and decorous not to investigate the matter. He should therefore oppose the motion as unnecessary.
The Duke of Grafton deprecated the idea of a war with America whom he thought should be united to us by a family compact. He wished Ministers had given a more explicit information upon the subject before the House, as certainly they well know whether there was any thing in Lord DORCHESTER's instructions which would lead him to use such a speech as that which was supposed to be uttered by him to the Indians.
Lord Sydney said, that Lord DORCHESTER was a person of the highest prudence as well as abilities, and to which he added a particular regard for America ; it would therefore be improper to discuss his conduct now, without being in possession of those facts which might influence his resolutions.
Lord Stanhope said, that the Noble Secretary had admitted possibly such a paper might exist.
[Here was a call of No! No!]
Lord Stanhope insisted he had admitted that there might exist such a paper, and consequently the possibility of a war with America .
Lord Grenville said, if any other Noble Lord had said what had just fallen from the noble Lord, it had required an answer; as it was, it required none.
The House then divided.
Contents, 9 Non-Contents, 69—Majority 60.
HOUSE OF COMMONS,
May 26.
Embargo laid on Foreign Ships by the American States.
Mr. Sheridan said, there was a paper which had created a general alarm, and on account of which the States of America had laid an Embargo on foreign ships. The paper he alluded to, purported to be an answer given by Lord DORCHESTER to the Indians of Lower Canada . In that paper his Lordship animadverted on the conduct of the American States and said, that it was likely we should be at war with America before the end of the present year, &c. He thought it was of consequence that this paper should be laid before the House, and it was supposed to have been written in consequence of orders from this country, and therefore he moved for an Address similar to the Marquis of Landdown's .
Mr. Secretary Dundas said, that was the first moment he had ever heard of such a paper, and he was certain that no orders had been sent from this country to Lord DORCHESTER to write such a letter.
Mr. Fox said, that letter was a forgery, that circumstance could not be communicated too soon to the country. It had been considered as an authentic letter in America , where it had already produced some mischief. He was extremely happy to hear from the King's ministers, that it was all a fabrication. It had been said, no orders were sent to Lord DORCHESTER to write such a letter, but he wished to know whether any orders were sent to his Lordship that would authorise him to write such a letter? He knew that noble Lord was not a person who would write such a letter without authority.
Mr. Secretary Dundas firmly believed Lord DORCHESTER incapable of writing any paper that had the least tendency to involve this country in a war with America . He declared upon his honour as a gentleman, that he had never heard before of such a letter, and that it had not been written in consequence of any orders from this country. So little desirous were we of engaging with America in any species of hostilities, that the utmost endeavours of this country had been used for the purpose of suppressing hostilities between the Indians and the American States.
Sir Francis Baring said, that whether that letter was or was not a forgery, it had been acted upon, and was one circumstance, on account of which an embargo had been laid on foreign ships on the 26th March.
Mr. Wilberforce said, since that letter was a forgery, instead of being productive of any rupture between this country and America , it would have a contrary effect, and produce between the two nations a stronger union.
[Two observations arise from the above debate—first that it was the Portuguese government that solicited the intervention of Britain in making the truce with Algiers , and that the injury of the French was its sole object—second that Lord DORCHESTER had no instructions from the British ministry, to predicate his speech to the Indians, which now appears to be the weak child in his Lordship's dote. The general appearance of the debate is favourable to peace; but our great complaint of spoilation in the West Indies , has not been mentioned—The debate being 69 days since may occasion it.]
GHENT, June 22.
A general consternation still prevails here, and all our rich people have taken refuge in Holland.
It is reported that the French have forced some of the posts belonging to the Allies on the Sambre ; that they are actually on their march towards Brussels ; and that every one who can afford it, has al-
ready that General La Tour has beaten the French, and forced them to fall back beyond Gosselies . The Prince de Cobourg has set off, in order to drive them once more beyond the Sambre .
BRUSSELS, June 22.
Yesterday the French carried several of the Austrian and Dutch posts; particularly those of Chapelle Herlaimont , above Binch , and Fontaine L'Eveque . The latter was of the utmost importance, as it covered Nivelles and Brussels .
In consequence of it being forced, the Allied Troops are obliged to fall back on the Forest of Sonignies , within two leagues of this capital. This, of course, has occasioned the utmost consternation here.
The Commander in Chief has ordered the Emigrants to fly to arms, and march against the enemy—but every one is busied about his own personal safety.
All the Civil Officers belonging to the government, are occupied in packing up their effects; the boats in the river are loaded with baggage, and the squares are crowded with waggons.
OSTEND, June 23.
The French were this day at noon at Sevekote , only two miles and a half from Ostend . It is expected that they will make an attempt against this town to-morrow. Every house is almost deserted.
The baggage, &c. has been sent away by the canal of Bruges , and the troops are to follow immediately. We expect some succours from England, but none have yet arrived.
PARIS, June 18.
Letter from JULIEN, Member of the Executive Commission of Public Instruction, sent by the Committee of Public Safety, to Bourdeaux.
Brest, 30 Prairial, l'an 2d.
The armed fleet arrived at Brest the 23d Prairial (11th June.) Two successive combats took place the 10th and 13th (29th May and 1st June) the English fleet consisted of 34 vessels of the line, 9 of them three-deckers; and the French of 26 sail of the line, 3 of them three-deckers. In 3 hours 17 vessels were dismasted, 10 English and 7 French. Two English ships of the line, and 1 three-decker were sunk. We have disabled one half of the fleet and damaged the rest. They were seen almost about mid channel, retreating in the greatest disorder.—We are now masters of the sea, and expect in 2 days to sail with a strong squadron.
The convoy from the United States so impatiently expected is arrived, composed of 116 sail, and has brought 7 or 8 prizes. Vive la Republique!
Our sailors, like our soldiers, are triumphant!
LONDON, June 18.
Though the loss sustained by general Clairfayt in his late attack in West-Flanders has not been so great as stated in some papers, the superiority of the French force in that quarter has thereby been so decidedly proved as to furnish just cause of alarm for the safety of the Netherlands. The late events there may be summed up in a few words. The French having not only invested Ypres , which on that side may be considered as the Key of Flanders , but having on the 10th, attacked a part of General Clairfayt's army under General Hammerstein , to prevent any relief coming from that quarter, it became necessary to attempt something to counteract their designs. Accordingly on the 12th inst. early in the morning, General Hammerstein advanced to attack the French at Kortemake , while General Clairfayt at the same time attacked Hoogledé , and some other posts, with a view of succouring Ypres . This attack was so successful in the beginning, that General Clairfayt made himself master of Nieuwkerk , Hardy , and Rousselae , killed a number of the enemy, and took 21 pieces of cannon; but in the afternoon the French brought such a number of fresh troops into the field as to turn the fate of the day. General Clairfayt finding it impossible to maintain his ground, retreated to Thielt , with considerable loss: some accounts say 150 men, while others state it at ten times that number. The retreat, however, was so orderly that he carried with him ten of the cannon he had taken from the enemy in the morning. General Hammerstein at the same time was forced to fall back towards Bruges to cover that place.
As the number of the French in West-Flanders are thus proved to be so far superior to any force which General Clairfayt can bring against them, there is not the smallest ground left to hope that Ypres may yet be relieved. On Saturday last it still held out, but it was feared that it must soon fall, as the force of the enemy was increasing so fast in the vicinity, that four British regiments stationed at Thourout , had that day been obliged to fall back to Ostend , which place, in case of the fall of Ypres , may certainly be considered as in imminent danger.
On Sunday forenoon the Arch duke Charles arrived at Ostend . His object was to concert measures for its safety. The first step he took was to lay an embargo on all the vessels in the harbour, to prevent the place from being weakened by the retreat of the inhabitants, many of whom were embarking with their effects. Important intelligence may be expected to arrive soon from that quarter.
JUNE 27. Yesterday we stopt the press after a number of our papers were printed off, to state, that dispatches had been received from the Duke of York . These dispatches were brought over by a servant belonging to his Royal Highness, who left
at several places on the road, owing to there being a great scarcity of post-horses in most of the towns through which he passed. He came through Oudenarde , Ghent and Bruges , but the principal inhabitants had for the most part evacuated those towns on hearing of the approach of the French who were already advanced within three miles of Oudenarde , and were known to be also on their way to Bruges . He left Ostend on Tuesday morning, from whence the inhabitants were likewise very busy in removing their property.
Our readers will recollect, that our last letters from the Duke of York's army, dated on the 20th, stated, that a council of war was held that morning to deliberate, as was supposed, on the propriety of making the army fall back. This, it now appears, was certainly the subject then under discussion—for according to letters from Tournay , dated on Sunday evening, we learn, that the baggage of the British forces and some other troops of the allies, were sent from that place on Saturday last; and that the Duke of York was to proceed with his army at 4 o'clock on Monday morning, towards Nivelles , to the succour of the Prince of Orange , who expected every hour to be attacked by the superior armies of the French, whose intention is to push on to Brussels without loss of time. Whether the Duke of York means to abandon Tournay altogether, we cannot say; but while the French are in such prodigious force in Brabant , the post of Tournay is certainly in a critical situation.
As Nivelles is only 14 miles from Brussels , and no strong post between, this circumstance has occasioned a great degree of alarm at the latter place.
The accounts from Barcelona , given by us yesterday, are considered by many as the prelude to a negotiation on the part of Spain for a separate peace. Nay, some assert that Government are actually in possession of the intentions of that court to withdraw itself from what they emphatically term an unprofitable and destructive war.
The report of the approach of the French now turns out to have originated in mistake, arising from the following circumstance. About twenty of the inhabitants of Ypres , now in the hands of the enemy, having obtained permission to retire from the place, a patrol of the French were conducting them to our lines.
These persons report that the garrison held out till their ammunition was nearly expended, and then surrendered on capitulation. They have been sent as prisoners of war, the Major part to Douay , some to Dunkirk and St. Omer's , and the Commandant General Sans to Lille .
JUNE 28. The transports with Lord Moira's army were in sight of Ostend on Wednesday. His Lordship's orders, however were not to land, if Ypres should be taken.
Reports were circulated at Ostend on Wednesday of the capture of Oudenarde . If this be true, the Duke of York's position is extremely critical. The whole amount of the forces under his Royal Highness and the Prince of Coburg , does not exceed 40,000 men.
On the banks of the Sambre , the gentleman states that the French have been equally successful. They have taken Charleroi , and were on Monday evening within six miles of Brussels .
Yesterday Mr. Jay , the American Minister, had a private interview with Mr. Pitt , at his house in Downing Street .
UNITED STATES.
BOSTON, August 16.
The ship Juno arrived at Boston last Wednesday evening 44 days from Amsterdam.
The passengers on board report, that just before they left the Texel , which was the 1st of July, news was received of another great Victory having been obtained over the combined armies, in which CLAIRFAYT was defeated and BEAULIEU killed.—The Dutch were in consternation even in Amsterdam.
The British commanders in Nova-Scotia , have given orders for the intire destruction of the town of St. Pierre, Miguelon . And a few days since a number of the distressed inhabitants of that place arrived here in their fishing smacks.
ALBANY, August 16.
We have undoubted authority to say, that the Senecas , and, in general, all the Indians of the Six Nations, continue to evince a friendly disposition towards the United States. Judge Phelps has lately held a treaty with the Senecas , on his private business; at which were present several of the principal chiefs and most influential characters of that nation. They expressed a very high regard for Mr. Phelps , and assured him of their firm intentions of continuing in amity and friendship with this country: And as a convincing proof of their sincerity, some of them have already sent their cows into the Genesee settlements, to the care of General Chapin for safety—fearing a rupture between the English and us, or that their country would be invaded by the hostile Indians from the West.
NEW-YORK, August 16.
Another Royal Congress is proposed at Maistricht —to concert new plans to conquer the French. Earl Cornwallis has gone to Tournay , to give them a copy of his articles of capitulation at York-Town .
RUMOUR.
A sloop arrived last evening from Nova-Scotia . It was reported on her arrival, that accounts by her stated the reduction of Ostend by the French.

ted July 6, 1794, lays—"I have had nothing new since the council—not an Indian comes in—once a week we have people at Presqu'Isle, and the British watch that place as close as we do; and some mornings when we discharge our cannon, they return the fire from their vessels, which we distinctly hear."
PHILADELPHIA, August 19.
We are informed that intelligence was received on Friday evening from the Westward, which wear a more agreeable aspect than has lately reached us from that quarter—it is laid reason and consideration are taking place of turbulence and faction—and that the prospect is flattering that affairs there will speedily resume a tranquil appearance.
Reflection lays a correspondent must do wonders in bringing the western people to their senses—especially as there appears but one opinion from north to south respecting their late proceedings—and that opinion is against them—for however divided respecting the utility of an excise—all unite in reprobating measures which strike at the existence of society—and lay the axe to the root of all the blessings of "peace, liberty and safety."
Capt. Edgar, in the Schooner Maria, arrived at the Port, last St. Marc the 27th July, confirms the account of the massacre at Fort Dauphin, and mentions further, that a few days before he failed from that place the Brigands had attacked the English fort, with terrible impetuosity, and had been engaged for three days constantly. The commander of the British troops had two horses killed under him, and every man in the place was doing military duty, there being but about 100 regular troops, and the Brigands upwards 6000 strong. The collector at St. Marc, told Capt. Edgar, that he did not think the British would be able to keep that, or any other post on the island, and that in a few days an embargo would be laid upon all the vessels in port, to carry off the inhabitants who were preparing to leave the place. Every thing in the custom house was already packed up. Many of the American vessels were returning with their cargoes, finding it impossible to sell.
AUGUST 21.
Extract from two letters from a very respectable mercantile house in London, dated June 19 and 25, to their correspondent in this city.
"June 19—The moderation and wisdom of America, in sending a man of Mr. Jay's known and high character, to settle the differences between us by a fair representation and negotiation, and in sending a commissioner to the West Indies to ascertain the real damages under the orders of 6th Nov. clear of exaggeration, is much to be commended."
"The merchants had conferences with ministry before Mr. Jay's arrival, to smooth the way for his negotiation, which we have therefore reason to suppose will be completely successful."
"Indeed ministers have laid as much, provided no new demands that they are unacquainted with are brought forward. We are persuaded that they are prepared to make all reasonable compensation for the damages sustained under the orders of the 6th Nov. and we have reason to believe that all other points at issue between the two countries, will be put on such a footing as to secure future harmony and a good understanding between us."
"Mr. Jay had yesterday a conference with our Secretary for foreign affairs, Lord Grenville, and we understand that this opening of the negotiation was satisfactory to him, and that he saw no impediment in any thing that passed to an amicable arrangement."
"June 25.—We have now to inform you of the substance of a communication from Mr. Pitt yesterday, to the committee of North American merchants."
"He said "the communications with Mr. Jay, had hitherto been general, but it was believed, if it was found that there existed the same disposition in the government of the United States, (as it was thought would be the case) which there certainly was in this, to be on friendly terms, when the negotiation became more particular, there would be little doubt that the matters in dispute would be all amicably arranged; therefore there was no reason seen why the merchants and manufacturers should not execute the orders they now had or might receive."
"As this opinion was drawn from ministers by the pressing address of the merchants and manufacturers, ministers disclaim any responsibility for the error should it unexpectedly hereafter happen, that the influence of any party in America should overrule the better dispositions of her government, and prevent the negotiation terminating as was expected."
By the late arrival at Boston from Amsterdam, letters have been received by a merchant in this city, from that place dated the 28th June, which state in substance, that the French are carrying all before them in Flanders—that universal consternation had seized on the inhabitants of the cities on the frontiers, and that the panic had reached even to the towns of the United Provinces—that the fugitives were flocking in such multitudes to Holland, that the cities were crowded with emigrants—It may therefore be safely presumed that nothing had occurred to check the career of the French successes as late as the 26th of June.
AUGUST 23.
Extract of a letter from Pittsburgh.
"Our country is still in considerable confusion. The people are generally combined in their opposition to the excise law, and some of the most respect-
the country. I cannot foresee the evil that will ensue if they do not—for God's sake represent to every person the bad effect, that will result from violent measures on the part of government. I think if government would appoint commissioners to come out, enquire into the state of the country, and make arrangement for settling it in a peaceable manner, the happiest consequences would follow to this country."
"The people engaged in the present opposition to government must not be considered as an inconsiderable mob, they are a respectable and powerful combination—this I remark to you, to shew you how dreadful violent measures on the part of the government must appear, and what horrors every lover of peace in this country must feel and to what danger they will be reduced, should an armed force be sent to enforce the law; I still am not without hope that moderate measures will bring about good effects, and the sending commissioners would be the best mode."
MARTINSBURG, September 1, 1794.
Saturday last, at the muster of Capt. Boyd's Light Infantry company, belonging to the 67th regiment, met for the purpose of furnishing their proportion of 3300 men, required from this State, to be ready at a minute's warning, out of 50 of this company turned out volunteers, and deservedly received the grateful plaudits of a number of spectators. — Had it not been for a certain secret, unfriendly, and contemptible influence in one, from whom we had a right to expect a different conduct, possibly a like proportion would have been obtained from a company not far distant from those who so nobly manifested their zeal to support the laws of their country, on which a line depends the existence of our 'peace, liberty, and safety' :—but a grateful public will ever revere the virtuous three, who, feeling for the political salvation of their dear country, stepped aside from their choir of upwards one hundred, and join'd the honoured volunteer Infantry. May they, if called on, fight the battle of the brave and return with laurels, while the opposers of the laws, and the favourites of anarchy and treason, shrink and sink into their original nothing.
The governor of Maryland on the 14th inst. issued orders for drafting, two thousand three hundred and fifty non commissioned officers and privates of the militia of that state, pursuant to the late Proclamation of the President of the United States.
By a gentleman lately arrived from the westward, we learn, that the insurgents have burnt the barn and other out-houses of Dr. M'Dowell, and plundered his dwelling house.
Gen. Gibson has arrived at Carlisle from Pittsburgh; as he was coming over the Alleghany mountain, he met a party of the insurgents who were conducting under a guard the excise officer of Bedford County.
GENERAL ORDERS.
Richmond, August 15, 1794.
THE President of the United States having required for immediate service, a second detachment of militia from this Commonwealth, amounting to three thousand infantry, and three hundred cavalry, exclusive of commissioned officers; the commander in chief directs the same to be forthwith appointed. The several divisions will furnish this corps in conformity to the detail, to be transmitted from the Adjutant General's office, which will be regulated by the contiguity of the divisions to the point of service, by regard to the protection of the frontiers from the Indian enemy, and by attention to the safety of the sea-coast, in case of sudden war.
Major-General MORGAN will command the detachment which is to be divided into two brigades, the first to be conducted by Brigadier DARKE, the second by Brigadier MATHEWS.
The commander in chief anticipates the most honourable testimony in favour of the Virginia name from the promptitude and zeal which he assures himself will be displayed by his brother-soldiers on this deeply interesting occasion, and flatters himself that the detachment will be distinguished throughout their tour of duty, as well by their order in camp, as by their gallantry in the field. The time and places of rendezvous will be communicated in due season to the commanding officer, and the troop will be fully supplied with arms, camp-equipage and all requisite apparatus.
The principles which determine the rank of the General Officers being established, their application will take place as soon as the requisite information is received, and the result will be immediately published in general orders.
In the mean time, to complete the settlement of rank, the commander in chief directs that a board of General Officers, consisting of Major-General CLARKE and the Brigadiers MEADE, YOUNG, MARSHALL, and GUERRANT, assemble in the city of Richmond, on the 26th instant, to ascertain the rank of the field officers, on which day the Adjutant General is directed to attend, for the purpose of presenting every document and information in his possession relating to the subject.
The report of this board will be considered definitive and filed in the Adjutant-General's office.
The Major-Generals and Brigadiers are requested to appoint the Aids-de-Camp, and Brigade Majors to which they are respectively entitled, and make communication thereof to the Adjutant-General who is required to report the same to the Commander in Chief without delay.
It is very important to the community that the
Major-Generals will be pleased never to lose sight of this object, for which purpose they are to require from their respective Brigadiers quarterly returns of the condition of the troops above mentioned, and are authorised to pursue any other measures in their judgment calculated to pursue the same in full strength and capacity.
BY THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF.
EULOGY ON WHISKY.
1. STRONG art thou O, WHISKY, on the high mountains, and strong is thy brother Brandy in the vales below.
2. From the rising of the sun, even unto the going down thereof, thy votaries pay homage to thee; day unto day they worship thee; and in their nightly orgies they shew forth the sweet influence of thy spirit.
3. When they rise up they think of thee, when they meet together they talk of thee; and when they lie down they dream of thee: Thou art unto them whisky , and they are thy servants .
4. Their love to thee is wonderful—passing their love of women; yea, their wives and little ones are not to be compared to thee.
5. By the power of thy burning majesty, mobs rise on the western mountains ; and, being filled with thee, they fall flat on their faces—becoming beasts for thy sake.
6. Compared to thee Sir Richard Rum is but a menial , held fast in the strong clutches of the eagle ; Like Iisachar "he croucheth down, he boweth his shoulders to bear, and hath become a servant under tribute."
7. But thy spirit, O, Whisky, exalteth above the flight of the eagle: When he maketh a pounce at thee, thy veterans shall lop off his talons.
8. When thou commandest, they rise against all law and government, and are valiant , even unto the shedding of blood: Yea, their brothers blood!
9. Anarchy is thy counsellor, destruction attendeth thee, Poverty and distress follow thy steps;—and the tears of the orphans move thee not.
10. When the voice of wisdom crieth peace! Thy voice is louder than the voice of wisdom: And when thou criest "havoc," thy subjects shout, amen!
11. The hot fire of thy spirit hath seared off the sensibility of their consciences; so that the destruction of social order, the abuse of their father , and the murder of infants giveth them no pa !
MR. DENOUT, who is a native of FRANCE, and has taught the French language with approbation in different parts of AMERICA, intends to open a SCHOOL in MARTINSBURG, upon Monday the first of September, for the purpose of teaching that language. The terms on which Mr. DENOUT purports to teach are very reasonable—five dollars for the first quarter, and four for every succeeding one.
BY the death of John Conrad , late of the town of Winchester , the partnership of George Hite & Co. is dissolved. It therefore becomes necessary that a settlement of all their business should take place as speedily as the nature of it will admit; to effect which, all persons indebted to the concern, at their store in Charles Town , under the firm of John Conrad & Co. at their store at Kutherford's Mill , or their store on the Shenandoah river , under the firm of George Hite & Co. either by book account or otherwise, are requested to come forward and settle the same on or before the fiftieth day of September next. When will be exposed to sale at Charles Town on a credit of six months, all their stock of goods remaining on hand, amounting to about three thousand pounds, pretty generally assorted. Also, two waggons and teams, (five horses in each) completely equipped for the road; one half of the purchase money to be paid in hand, and the balance on the above credit. Likewise, their interest in the Mill on the Shenandoah river , known by the name of Vestal's Mill . The whole of the purchase money to be paid in hand. The sale to begin at ten o'clock, and to be continued from day to day, until the whole is sold.
GEORGE HITE surv'g partner .
At a Court continued and held for Berkeley County , the 20th day of August , 1794.
Adam Weaver, Compt. vs. Thomas Crumpton, Deft. } In Chancery.
THE defendant not having entered his appearance agreeable to an act of Assembly and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that he is not an inhabitant of this Commonwealth. On the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is Ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the third Tuesday in November next, and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at the Church door in the parish of Norbourne , on some Sunday immediately after divine service, and also at the door of the Court-House of the said County.
A copy. Test. MOSES HUNTER. c s c.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of William Crumley , of Berkeley County , by bond, bills, notes, or open accounts, or indebted in any way, are hereby earnestly requested to make immediate payment, as not much further indulgence will be given; and those who have demands against the said estate, are requested to make them known that they may be settled, by
DAVID FAULKNER, } Executors. SARAH CRUMLEY. }

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
ON BEING ASKED—WHAT IS LOVE?
'TIS half-joy, half vexation, Seldom known to keep one station, This moment happy, the next is four, Sixty changes in an hour. If at ball or play by chance, Chloe throws a side-long glance; What jealous tortures seize the breast, How many fears the mind infest? And when its bliss is most complete, The smallest cause will it defeat. Flora, gay, dress'd out in lace, Will say fine things before your face, This to fire is adding fuel, Mayhap may cause a bloodless duel. Then to prevent this general evil, When you meet a maid that's civil, With idle nonsense do not tarry, But call a priest and quickly marry.
By the Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
A PROCLAMATION.
Whereas I have received information that a banditti from the western parts of Pennsylvania, have in defiance of law and order, passed into this Commonwealth, and by threats and other evil doings, compelled an officer of the United States, living in Morgan-Town, in the county of Monongalia, to abandon his home, and seek personal safety by flight:—And whereas I have reason to believe that the said banditti are part of that deluded combination of men, described in the President's proclamation of the 7th day of this present month, who forgetful of all obligations human and divine, seem intent only on rapine and anarchy, and therefore endeavour by their emissaries, and other illegal means, to seduce the good people of this Commonwealth inhabiting the country bordering on the State of Pennsylvania, to unite with them in schemes and measures, tending to destroy the tranquility and order which so happily prevails, and thereby to convert the blessing we so eminently enjoy under our free and equal government, into the most affecting miseries that can possibly befall the human race.
To arrest these wicked designs; to uphold the majesty of the law; to preserve our fellow-citizens from evil, and our country from disgrace, I have thought proper, by and with the advice of the Council of State, to issue this my Proclamation, calling on all officers civil and military, to exercise with zeal, diligence and firmness, every legal power vested in them respectively, for the purpose of detecting and bringing to trial every offender or offenders, in the premises. And I do moreover specially require and enjoin, that all persons coming into this Commonwealth, from that part of our sister State, at present so unhappily distracted, be particularly watched; and if they shall be found disseminating their wicked and pernicious doctrines, or in any way exerting a spirit of disobedience to government, thereby violating the peace and dignity of this Commonwealth, that they be immediately apprehended and dealt with according to law.
Given under my hand as Governor, and under the Seal of the Commonwealth, at Richmond, this 20th day of August, in the year of our Lord 1794, and of the Commonwealth the 18th.
(Seal.)
HENRY LEE.
DIVISION ORDERS.
The brigades composing the third division are immediately to furnish three thousand and forty-one men, officers included, properly equipped, and ready to march at a moment's warning.
As no accurate returns have been made to the Adjutant-General's Office, the Commander in Chief has ordered, that each brigade shall furnish an equal number of men;—General Darke's brigade will therefore furnish six hundred and nine men; General Zane's six hundred and eight; General Biggs's six hundred and eight; General Tate's six hundred and eight; and General Bowyer's six hundred and eight.
In the formation of the several corps, the Brigadiers will be pleased to pay due attention to the General Orders of 20th June.
They are also requested to comply, as early as possible, with the General Orders of 19th July.
Major THOMAS PARKER is appointed Aid-de-Camp to the General, and is to be respected and obeyed as such. He is ordered to furnish the commanding officers of brigades with the General Orders referred to.
DANIEL MORGAN, Maj. Gen. 3d Division.
Saratoga, Aug. 23, 1794.
Cash given for clean Cotton and Linen RAGS, at the Printing-Office.
A sober, industrious Miller, to attend a Grist-Mill; apply to James Lowry, on BackCreek. August 25, 1794.
FOR SALE, A Negro girl, 12 years old, has no fault, has been used to house and out work; price Forty Pounds, Virginia currency; apply to RICHARD WILLIS.
Fisher and Cole, Book-Sellers, Book-Binders, and Stationers, Three doors West of Yates and CAMPBELL's Vendue Store, Market Street, BALTIMORE,
RESPECTFULLY inform their Friends, and the Public in general, that they have lately established a Book and Stationary Store in BALTIMORE, and humbly solicit the patronage of a generous public, whose favours they will endeavour to merit.
They are now assorted with Books on every subject in polite literature; among the many valuable new publications they have now on hand, are the following.
   Dol. Ct.     Paine's works, compleat in 1 vol. 2 0   American Biography, 1st volume, to be continued, 1 50   Moore's Travels, 2 vols. 8 do. 3 50   Do. Journal in France, 2 vol. 12mo. 1 75   Morse's Geography, elegant, 2 vols. 8do. 4 50   Do.—sheep bound, 3 50   Do.—abridged for use of schools, 1 0   Pindar's works, 2 vols.   Compleat letter writer.   Love and Gibson's Surveyings,   Williams' Letters on the French Revolution.  
A L S O,
Folio, Quarto, Royal, Octavo and Duodecimo Bibles, School Books of all kinds, a new edition to the common prayer for the Protestant Episcopal Church, price from $6 to 35/. and a great variety of history, divinity, medicine, philosophy, chemistry, novels, &c. &c. too numerous to be contained in a news-paper.
Orders from the country gentlemen shall be carefully attended to. They expect in a few days, a new and elegant edition of Sturband's Military Discipline, &c. with copper plates.
Now in the Press, and speedily will be published, By FISHER and COLE, A Pamphlet, entitled, PROSPECTS ON WAR AND PAPER CURRENCY, The first American edition, By THOMAS PAINE, author of Rights of Man, Common Sense, &c. &c. Baltimore, July 21, 1794. 3m.
Richard Ransone,
INFORMS the Public in general, that he has opened a Public House in Martinsburg, at that eligible stand formerly occupied by Mr. James Graham, and opposite the Harp and Crown. The conveniences of the house, stable, &c. together with his determination of keeping a constant supply of the best liquors, provisions, &c. and every requisite both for the traveller and citizen, he hopes to obtain a share of public patronage. August 18, 1794. rm.
THE Partnership heretofore subsisting between John Webber and James Hays, under the firm of James Hays & Co. is this day dissolved by mutual consent; all persons indebted to said firm are requested to pay their respective balances to JOHN WEBBER, or whom he may appoint to receive the same. JOHN WEBBER, JAMES HAYS.
AS my other affairs calls me elsewhere, I hereby impower JAMES RAMSEY, who will attend at the store of the late partnership, to receive and pass receipts for all debts due said firm, and three weeks from this date is the longest indulgence which can be given, after which, suits will be commenced against such as may then be in arrear. JOHN WEBBER. Shepherd's Town, August 15, 1794.
I HAVE many small debts due me, which I fear I cannot collect without legal means, I therefore give notice, that on the first day of next month, I shall sue such as do not make payment previous to that time. A number of notes have been assigned to me by Messrs. Paul Verdier and Robert Cochran, on which I can give no indulgence after that time. DAVID HUNTER.
Nichols, a certain tract of land, lying in this Country, for which I paid him a large sum of money, and also gave him three bonds of £. 112 10. 0. each. Pennsylvania currency each, the first payable in April next, the second in April, 1796, and the third in April, 1797, but as the said Nichols cannot make me a good and lawful title to the said land, having never obtained one himself, I hereby caution all persons from taking an assignment on said bonds, as I am determined not to pay them, unless compelled by law. PETER LIGHT, senior. Berkeley County, August 19, 1794.
THE partnership of JOSEPH and JOSHUA RIDDLE, has been dissolved by mutual consent, all persons indebted to said firm will please pay their respective balances to JOSEPH RIDDLE.
JOSEPH RIDDLE, JOSHUA RIDDLE.
AS my situation will not admit of being often in Martinsburg, I do hereby impower Mr. WILLIAM RIDDLE to receive and pass receipts for all debts due said firm; I would also beg leave to inform the debtors, that such as do not come forward and pay off their respective debts, may expect suits to commence against them in two months from this date.
JOSEPH RIDDLE.
Martinsburg, August 1, 1794
HARP and CROWN TAVERN.
FLO. MAHONY,
Returns his grateful acknowledgments to the Ladies and Gentlemen who did him the honor to favor him with their custom last season, on their way to and from BATH. He takes this method to inform them, and the Public in general, that he is much better prepared this season, having provided sufficient bedding, five good lodging rooms in addition to the former, an excellent stock of liquors, neat wines of the purest quality, &c. He has procured a large yard room, and stabling for an hundred horses, also shades for carriages, &c. all under an inclosure. He hopes to meet with their further encouragement; and is with gratitude, the Public's humble servant,
FLORENCE MAHONY.
Martinsburg. Berkeley County, VIRGINIA, June 9 '94
To be SOLD, by private sale, On very reasonable terms, if applied for in two months, The House and Lot whereon I now live. The house is built with logs, two story high, finished inside except plastering, has a good cellar, kitchen, stable, garden, and is handy to water.—It is situated at the south end of this town, adjoining Col. Pendleton's. For terms, apply to JOHN BOYD. Martinsburg, August 18, 1794.
PAY YOUR TAXES.
ALL persons indebted to me for Taxes, are hereby notified, that I this day commence my collection, and earnestly request every one within my district to be prepared to discharge the same, as no indulgence can or will be given.
GABRIEL HAYS.
Berkeley County, August 11, 1794.
An advantageous proposal to an INDUSTRIOUS PRINTER.
THE Proprietor and Editor of this paper, from his close confinement to business, has too long been prevented from making the collections absolutely necessary as well for prosecuting his present employment, as for other purposes, as he could wish, therefore, to enable him to settle all the arrearages due him at the expiration of the present volume of the Guardian (which is near at hand) and in order to adjust his affairs by the 7th day of November next, would give VERY ADVANTAGEOUS TERMS to an industrious, sober man, who is capable of conducting his business, while he may be absent. A contract may be made for a considerable length of time, if the parties agree.
ALL Persons indebted to the Editor are requested to make payment by the 7th November ensuing:—those who may be in arrear exceeding a year's subscription at that time, and do not discharge the same, must expect their papers discontinued. Merchantable Wheat or Rye, at cash price, will be received in payment, delivered at any mill in this county.
THE Magistrates of this County are desired to attend on the first day of next Court, for the purpose of appointing officers in the companies, and for other purposes.