The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1794-01-06 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, JANUARY 6, 1794.
[NUMBER 164—VOL 4.
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
To be hired, for one year from the first day of January next, to the highest bidder, A stout, healthy Negro Man, about 34 years old, who has been brought up to Plantation work. E. O. WILLIAMS.
Shepherd's Town, December 30, 1793.
Will be sold at PUBLIC SALE,
On the premises, for cash,
On Saturday the first day of February next,
TWO Lots in the Town of Martinsburg, in Berkeley County, formerly the property of Thomas Martin; upon one of these lots is built a stone dwelling-house, two story high, 36 by 30 feet, with three rooms and fire places on each floor, and a good cellar under half the house; upon the other is a large stone building, intended for a distillery or brewery, and well calculated for both or either, having a large lime-stone spring that rises in the house. An indisputable title will be made the purchaser.
December 24th, 1793.
B. REEDER.
WHEREAS on the 15th inst. I gave a note to Ignatius O'Ferrall, for nine pounds Pennsylvania currency, payable in October next, in consideration for a horse bought of him, which he warranted sound, but was blind at the time of sale; I therefore forewarn all persons from taking an assignment of said note, as I shall not pay it, unless compelled by law.
CHRISTIAN BEUS.
December 30th, 1793.
STRAYED or stolen from Mr. Samuel Reed's in Martinsburg, on Wednesday evening the 25th inst. a dark bay horse, trots naturally, branded thus I on the near buttock, about 15 1/2 hands high, has been worked in the waggon; whoever takes up said horse if strayed, shall have Five Dollars Reward if brought to Mr. James Graham's Tavern, in Martinsburg, or Ten Dollars if stolen, for the horse and thief, by the Subscriber.
JANE PARK.
December 27th, 1793.
FOR SALE
A TRACT of Land lying in the parish of Norborne, in the County of Berkeley, containing two hundred and thirty-two acres, adjoining Capt. Benjamin Beeler's. For terms, apply to Colonel Charles Magill, Winchester, or to the Subscribers.
WILLIAMS & CAREY.
Alexandria, 26th December, 1793.
A list of Letters remaining in the Post-Office Martinsburg, which if not taken away before the 1st of April next, will be sent to the General Post-Office as dead letters.
B. Peter Bedinger, Vance Bull. C. Hugh Cunningham, Peter Cleaver. D. Cornelius Diveney, Tanner. F. Joseph Firman, Margaret Fitzgerald. G. William Gilley. H. John Hamilton, Messrs. Isaac Hite & Sons 3. Thomas Henderson, George Hite, Esq. Dr. Jacob Harris. K. John Kercheval, Battle-Town, Jacob Kibler. L. Isaac Littler. M. David Moore, Andrew M'Arthur 2, John Macaughtry, Mrs. Eve Mitchell. John Mason, Esq. James M'Culloch. P. Joseph Plummer. R. Nicholas Roper. W. Warner Washington, Esq. Charles Winter-Smith, Ephraim Worthington, Zebulon Warner 2.
EVAN SHELBY P. M.
December 28th, 1793.
WANTED
A small Plantation, within a few miles of Martinsburg, for which real property in said town will in part be given. Apply to the Printer.
FOR SALE
A serviceable young Mare, a young Cow and Calf, and a Cow forward with Calf. Apply at the Printing-Office.
MR. PRINTER,
WHEN an Ambassador has been guilty of official misconduct, or violated the municipal laws of the community in which he resides, it is directed by the law of nations, that he be sent to his sovereign and accused before him; that his sovereign be requested to try and punish his offence, and if he refuses, that his refusal be considered a just cause of war. This method of proceeding is peculiarly proper, when the offence given, is committed in the discharge of acts alleged to be within the purview of an Ambassador's commission: for such acts are presumed to be done by the authority of the sovereign whom he represents, 'till such sovereign has disclaimed them by the infliction of legal punishment on the person who transgressed. This has been recognized as a principle of national law by the uniform practice of civilized nations for many years, and is now perhaps established beyond dispute. But I know of no law, of no practice, unless among savages, which directs that an Ambassador be exposed to, and as much as possible made the object of contempt, ridicule and prejudice of the people among whom he resides, particularly before sufficient and authentic evidence of improper behaviour has been presented to their minds, and a rational conviction of his misconduct has been established there. This is a mode of treating an Ambassador to me at least perfectly new—a mode which I am sorry to observe, has been reserved for the official characters and enlightened addressers of America to invent—a mode of treatment which could proceed only from the most infamous principles, and is pregnant with such mischievous consequences as a dispassionate and impartial mind cannot contemplate but with horror and disgust. This practice outrages every principle of civility due to a stranger, violates the respect which decency requires to be observed towards the representative of a great nation, prostrates our own dignity, manifests us as devoid of candor and impartiality, as hostile to justice and fair investigation, and proclaims to the world that the citizens of these United States are in the opinion of Mr. Jay and Mr. King, Mr. Hamilton and Mr. Knox, and of governmental puffers & luminous addressers, as much the slaves of passion as themselves, with them equally credulous and susceptible of imposition, with them equally liable to have their hearts agitated, incensed, and warped in prejudices, by vague and unauthenticated stories, before their understandings were addressed and their judgments formed by impartial and convincing evidence. But I trust, that however contemptible some characters may have rendered themselves by their credulity and rash belief of vague reports, however unworthy they may have shown themselves of the stations which they hold, and however blameable their attempts to draw their fellow citizens into the snare may be, a great majority of the people have though and acted with legal coolness. Habituated to obey the dictates of humanity, and to think agreeably to the equitable laws of the land, they have persisted, I hope, in spite of those mean attempts, to presume innocence till sufficient and authentic evidence of guilt appeared. Assured that for every injury which we can receive, the law has provided a sufficient remedy, and confident that if any injury has been done, the legal mode of redress will be effectually pursued; they have, yielding to the impulse of virtuous and humane motives, wished for no premature, no illegal punishment, no unfair, no biased or partial investigation, no prejudgment or pre-possession, but satisfied that the punishment prescribed by law is fully adequate to every offence, have not been transported by resentment to take the execution of the law into their own hands, after a solemn delegation of it to others, nor suffered their passions to be so much discomposed and prejudiced by the artifice of designing men, as to receive their naked assertions and insidious stories as sufficient instruments of conviction and grounds of ultimate decision. Wretched indeed would our condition be, if the minds of Americans were of that temperament which the conduct of these gentlemen necessarily supposes them to be: if we could not distinguish between wandering reports and authentic testimony; if our passions were of such combustible materials as to be blown into a flame by every formite, by every criminating assertion, by every defamatory tale launched by men in office on the sea of fame, and tost in every direction on that unstable element by the breath of strong puffs and loud addresses, their faithful echo; if we were liable to be made the undiscerning dupes of every designing man who thinks fit to pretend violent patriotism, many anxious fears for the public weal, and extraordinary attachment to the existing government; if we were so far divested of regard for our own dignity, of regard for a cool, deliberate, just, and manly conduct, as to act under the influence of perverting prejudices, to form rash and unwarranted decisions, or to com-
mence savages, and massacre, as some (in all probability, John Bell's friends, for I do not believe an American could be guilty of the suggestion,) have advised, the unhappy man who is held up as the object of popular fury. But of the great body of my fellow citizens, there is reason to expect better things, and such as accompany principles of a sounder and more dignified nature.
Americans will, I hope, in general, shew themselves to be indeed an enlightened and rational people. They will investigate with discernment, impartiality and candor, the official conduct both of their own public servants, and of the foreign agents who may reside among them; they will guard equally against the deleterious impressions of foreign influence, and the no less fatal attacks of internal faction and domestic ambition; they will have recourse to law and to testimony, and not lend a credulous ear to uncertain reports, nor believe without sufficient grounds of conviction; they will not consider unsupported general assertions as worthy of their credit, nor will they suffer their judgments to be prematurely formed nor to be fixed but by authentic information; they will not view every flaming patriot who obtrudes himself on the public notice in a puff or an address, as really actuated by that ardent zeal for the common happiness which he may vaunt, but they will reflect that such has frequently been the conduct of tottering placemen to support their fading fame, of avarice to fill its coffers, of ambition to crown with success its aspiring views, and of fawning place-hunters to recommend themselves; who well know they dare not trust their desired elevation to the wings of merit, who are conscious if they ever arrive at their wished for greatness, they must advance to it as some slaves approach the majesty of an eastern despot, by acting as ear-ticklers; who are convinced by long experience that if they do mount, their ascent must be effected by the strong hand of those who sit on high, and not by popular gratitude drawn forth by meritorious deserts; they, I mean the people, will compare those specious appearances to the delusive meteors of night, and guard against their misleading tendency as the cautious traveller guards against the misconducting flame which glows only in regions of danger, and invites his steps to pursue the paths of inevitable ruin. It is therefore to be hoped the minds of the American people will give credit to official communications only; that they will continue cool and watchful; that they will think and judge for themselves; and that they, into whose hands the execution of the laws is committed, will pursue those steps towards the French minister, which the law directs, and act always mindful of their own dignity, and the dignity of the people whom they represent; avoiding on the one hand a dastardly submission to injuries, and on the other a resentful prosecution of wrongs. It is also to be hoped, that the truly detestable conduct of Mr. Jay and Mr. King, and of those who have acted in concert with them, will meet with every mark of disapprobation which it merits. A friend to Justice.
Frederick County, December, 1793.
COMMUNICATION.—From a Philadelphia paper.
Upon the several declarations and counter declarations relating to the so well contrived appeal to the people, the following statement is founded.
1. That on the 9th of July an official paper was drawn up and signed upon very slender proof (when without trouble better information might have been procured) by Messrs. Hamilton and Knox, and communicated by them to Mr. Jefferson, for what purpose appears by observing,
2. That upon the communication from those two gentlemen an official paper was drawn up by Mr. Jefferson on the 13th ensuing; what use this paper was put to does not yet appear.
3. That a lengthy letter of denunciations (chiefly founded upon the expression supposed to have been used by Citizen Genet, which certainly ought to have previously been more fully enquired into) was drawn up against the minister of France, and sent to our minister at Paris on the 14th of August, which letter, it may reasonably be inferred, from its extreme length and the nature of its contents, was planned and written about the end of July.
4. A few days after the debate of this letter, Messrs. Jay and King came forward and affirmed to the public as fact what was only founded on second hand hearsay.
From all this it is not fair to conclude, first, that a league was entered into early in July to get rid of Mr. Genet, for what reasons time will unfold; secondly, that the project was in contemplation before the sailing of the Little Democrat. About which so much was said, this having taken place on the 15th or 16th of July; thirdly, that the President of the United States has been led into error in the business, and finally that there exists in the United States, a set of men bent upon embroiling this country with France.

EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE.
FRANCE. NATIONAL CONVENTION, September 15.
BARERE read a letter from Bazil, without date, stating that a plot had been concerted by General Sparre the commandant of Strasburg, to deliver up the place into the hands of the enemy.
Barere terminated his report with a letter from the representatives of the people of Dunkirk, who announce that they saw the whole British army re-embark with its baggage, to return to England.
The constituted authorities and popular societies of Paris, demanded the suppression of all the schools and colleges of Divinity, law and physic.
The convention decreed, that there shall be three degrees of Public Instruction to be organized by the first of November next; that the faculties of Divinity, law and physic shall be suppressed.
September 16.
The minister at war, finding that the number of military engineers was not sufficient for the fourteen armies of the Republic, moved that pupils be procured among those classes of citizens whose occupations require mathematical knowledge.
The convention decreed that the engineers of brigades and roads, the geographers and architects, shall furnish pupils, to be at the disposal of the minister at war, to be employed in the most useful manner in the service of the Republic.
Secondly, that the engineers of bridges and roads shall forthwith form one and the same body with the military engineers.
September 24.
The commissioners in the south wrote word, — "That on the 17th the troops encamped at Salles, had attacked the Spanish camp at Prescamp, in three columns, while the garrison of Perpignan made a sortie on that side; — that the enemy's camp was forced, and 20 pieces of cannon taken, together with some very valuable relicts of the church, which had been sent to the mint at Perpignan; that the General Almoner had been sent prisoner to Montpellier; and that on the following day they attacked the Spanish camp at Vernet, and took several prisoners and six cannon."
New Appointment of General Officers.
The Minister of War announced, that the executive council had appointed General Jourdan to the command of the army of the North, vacant by the removal of general Houchard, general Ferrand, to the command of the army of the Ardennes, vacant by the promotion of Jourdan, general Delmas to the command of the army of the Rhine, in the room of general Landremont, displaced; and general Moreau to the command of the army of the Moselle, vacant by the removal of general Scanbourg.
The Minister submitted these appointments to the approbation of the National Convention.
Several members testified their astonishment, that so many Generals should be displaced and replaced, without the minister giving any reason for so doing.
"It is necessary," said Duroy, "to know of what crime Houchard and Landremont are guilty. I declare, that when I was commissioner at the army of the Rhine, I always saw Landremont fight like a true Republican. He has rendered services, and enjoys the confidence of the army. I also ask, if Delmas who is named to succeed Landremont, is the brave, but inexperienced young man, whom I have seen commander of a battalion La Correre? I demand, that the committee of public welfare give us a report in this present sitting upon these removals and new nominations."
"I also desire to know (said Geniffieux) why a citizen (Doppet) has been appointed General of the army of the Var; who, although a patriot full of spirit, was but a short time since a physician? Where has he acquired military knowledge? The executive council ought to make known its motives for these changes."
Dubem — "In this discussion you consider men and not things. You are placed between the dangers of treachery, and those of ignorance. It is true, you might be betrayed; but your soldiers might be left to be cut in pieces for want of skill. — You ought to avoid both. You should endeavour to have Generals who are patriots and men of abilities. I demand that whenever the minister proposes these kind of changes, he shall be obliged to present a list in two columns, upon one of which shall be the name of the candidate, and upon the other, his acts of civism, his proofs of service, his former situation, his age, and the place of his birth."
Saint Andre, — Houchard is the approver of Cusine's system. Let it be known that if these men had not been displaced, the Northern Frontier would have been irrecoverably lost. Remember, that the army of the Moselle, when it was marching to the relief of Mayence went only at the rate of one league a-day, and returned at the rate of eight or nine leagues. Why should there be this difference, if the Generals had not a regular system of treason! Interrogate the soldiers of the army of the Moselle, and it will be seen, that Houchard is detested. — With what pride did he receive the representatives of the people, who wished to bring him back to the paths of patriotism? Saint Andre then denounced Barthelemi, Chief of the Etat-Major of the Northern army.
whenever ministers shall nominate or cashier officers, they shall give in their reasons for so doing. — The committee of public welfare shall make a report to-morrow on all these points, and the causes of these changes and promotions.
The Minister of War announced, that he had appointed d'Aubigny as second in command in the army of the North. — Bourcon, Billaud, and others said, that this d'Aubigny was a notorious cheat: and they wished to denounce the minister for recommending such a fellow. Ordered, that a report be made, whether this d'Aubigny is the same man who stole 100,000 livres from the Thuilleries on the 10th of August!
The commissioners of the convention deputed to the department of Lower Seine, transmitted their several deliberations with respect to provisions. — They have supplied some markets, and have dispersed the counter-revolutionists at Rouen, which city is quiet. Several administrators of the department of l'Eure have been reorganized, and are composed of true Sans Cullottes.
Chateaneurs Randon wrote from Saint Just, near Lyons, under the date of the 19th, that the people in a body had purged the mountains and defiles of the Mulcadinis of Lyons; 300 of them were seized with their horses, effects and money. He transmitted copies of two summonses which he had sent, but without effect, to the Lyonefe.
JACOBIN CLUB.
Sunday, Sept. 15.
Letters from General Carteau, dated the 3d and 8th, gave details of victories which were already known. [Loud Applauses.]
A letter addressed to this General advised him, that Aigue Morte was the repository of Aristocrats, who on account of its position, might be very dangerous to liberty.
A Commission was named to take provisional cognizance of the accusation against Brissot.
The Female Citizen Gobin had her name taken from the list of revolutionary Republicans, for having denounced Leclerc, a Journalist, who insulted the name of Morat.
Terry demanded, that Counsel shall be allowed her.
Chabot said it was dangerous to enrage a woman, and much more so, a great number of them. He would, however, speak the truth of these Republican women.
Madame Lacombe, demanded, said he, what he would do with the Mayor of Toulouse? I expressed my surprise that she requested any favour for that Ex Noble, who had cauled the Patriots to be imprisoned. He gave bread to the poor, replied she; it is thus, said I, that they attempt a counter-revolution. She then threatened me much, if he was not set at liberty.
After having released other crimes against the female citizen Lacombe, he demanded that there shall be taken against the counter-revolution woman, violent measures to repress the madness which had seized them.
Bazire said, inconsiderable as he was, he also had a quarrel with them.
Renaudin pretended that this was a very serious affair.
Bazire explained himself: — they had called him beardless boy, and added, he was sorry he had not beard enough to please them.
Renaudin denounced Leclerc as an Aristocrat and villain, whom he accused of having sold a case of pistols which he had borrowed. These pretty females were to have been arrested. Lacombe appeared in one of the galleries: — (much noise.) The President put on his hat; and after a long time calm was restored.
UPPER-RHINE, September 10.
Yesterday afternoon, half after three o'Clock, a terrible cannonade was heard beyond the Rhine, interchanged with a platoon-fire, it made the houses on the mountains shake, and lasted, notwithstanding the dark and rainy weather, till eight o'Clock at night, without interruption. It recommenced from ten till eleven; and from all steeples the flash of the guns could be plainly discovered.
In short the fire seemed to proceed from the whole extent of the French lines, and several persons pretend to have observed red hot balls.
GENOA, September 7.
Last week the English consul published an official document, signifying, that since the town of Toulon had acknowledged Louis XVII. as its lawful sovereign, the merchants of Genoa were at liberty to send their ships loaded with grain and other provisions. They were further informed that the English consul was ordered to furnish the merchants with passports and convoys for that purpose.
ROTTERDAM, September 20.
We have received intelligence from Russia that a Priest in the district of Twer, having been found guilty of publishing Jacobin principles which created some disorder, was arrested and condemned to death, but the empress has changed his sentence into that of perpetual imprisonment. Several of his adherents have been punished with the bastinado.
KAISERSLAUTERN, September 4.
Several parties of the French Moselle army have lately given themselves up to the Prussian staff officers, requesting they might be incorporated with the Prince of Conde's corps, which has been granted them. The French lately in Bluscastel have been drove back to Saargemund. Their lines at Weis-
temburg extend near six leagues, and are provided with a great number of redoubts and a double ditch.
LONDON, October 1.
Regiments going abroad, &c.
The following list is a correct list of the troops actually going abroad, or under orders for foreign service:
On the Continent and going thither. — The royal regiment of horse guards, four troops. The 1st regiment dragoon guards, the 2d, 3d, 5th, and 6th. — The 1st regiment of dragoons, the 2d, 6th, 7th, 11th, 12th, 15th, 16th, and 18th.
Second regiment of foot guards, with detachments from the 1st and 3d. The 14th regiment of foot, the 37th, 39th, 43d, 53d, 56th, 57th, and 78th, or Seaforth's newly raised regiment.
Total. — Horse guards, four troops; dragoons, 9 regiments; and of the foot eleven battalions.
In and for the West-Indies. The first battalion of the first regiment of foot; the 3d regiment, the 9th, 10th, 13th, 16th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 40th, 45th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 54th, 58th, 59th, 52d, 63d, 64th, 66th, 67th, 70th, and one battalion of the 60th.
Total foot. — Twenty-four battalions. In America. — The 4th regiment of foot, the 5th, 6th, 7th, 24th, 26th, three battalions of the 60th, and 65th.
Total of foot. — Ten battalions. At Gibraltar. — The 2d battalion of the 1st regiment of foot, the 11th regiment, 18th, 32d, 40th, 50th, 51st, 61st, 68th.
Total foot. — Ten battalions. At Guernsey and Jersey. — The 27th and 28th regiments of foot.
In the East-Indies. The 19th regiment of light dragoons, and 36th regiment of foot, the 52d, 71st, 72d, 73d, 74th, 75th, 76th, and 77th.
Total. — dragoons, one regiment; foot, nine battalions.
Total abroad, and going on account of the present war. — Horse, four troops; dragoon guards five regiments; dragoons, ten regiments; foot sixty-six battalions.
The Amsterdam Gazette, and the other Dutch papers have confirmed the accounts we some time since gave, relative to the removal of the monitor Egalite from Marseilles to Spain.
M. Necker, the once celebrated Financier, resides now at his seat of Coppert, in Switzerland.
UNITED STATES.
BOSTON, Dec. 11.
To an enlightened community nothing more is necessary to their information, than plain truths. It is therefore expedient to reassert, in answer to the false and inflammatory ebullitions of nonsense and complaint, which are almost daily offered to insult the understandings of the American public, that at the present period, there is not a single Ton of American shipping comparatively speaking, out of employ; and all that are offered for charter, are taken up at the highest rate of freights.
It may be also added, that it is the opinion of our best informed merchants, that there are not shipping in the United States, sufficient to carry one half of the product of the Southern States, the late season, to market.
NEW YORK, December 18.
Incredible pains have been taken in some parts of the United States to render the funding law and the establishment of a national bank in the States, odious and unpopular. By this means the opposers of our present administration, supposed they could turn the tide of public opinion against the head of the Treasury Department, and finally succeed in displacing him. The good sense of the American citizens has however been proof against the calumny of his enemies; and there cannot be a stronger evidence of the goodness of his measures, than that his system stands unhaken.
That the state of American commerce and agriculture was deplorable in 1786, is certain: that their present state is flourishing almost beyond example, is generally acknowledged, even by the enemies of the funding law. Yet few of them are candid enough to admit the share of influence which the restoration of public credit has had in producing this prosperity.
Before the establishment of our present government there was not capital sufficient to carry on the necessary business of the country. This capital could only be obtained in three ways, either by the slow operation of industry, by borrowing, or by creating a capital out of the public debt.
The first method would have been certain; but when there was neither confidence, credit, nor capital to invigorate industry, its progress must have been very slow. Ten such years as elapsed from 83 to 86 would scarcely produce the activity of industry, which one year produced after the funding of the public debt. Two or three millions of dollars only are added to our national stock annually by the common industry of the country, but by the funding of the public debts, a capital of thirty or forty millions was suddenly added to the national stock. By this means, persons of all descriptions were benefited; people paid their debts, and enterprising men undertook great and expensive works of public utility; farms were stocked, buildings repaired, and all classes of people could find employment.
This great accession of capital to the national

stock has been the principal means of effecting this amazing change in our country. The high prices of all kinds of produce and mechanical labor, by which farmers and mechanics are becoming wealthy and independent throughout the United States, is the immediate and direct consequence of the funding act. This act created a capital suddenly, that is fully adequate to the exigencies of our citizens, and which, in no other way, could have been so readily obtained.
But it will be said, "we have in fact borrowed this capital, and a considerable part of it from foreigners. This then must be paid at the full value." Granted; but it must be remembered that this is a most profitable loan, for capital, in this young country especially, produces much more than simple interest. I go farther, and maintain that this capital, which we borrow at simple interest, is actually money at compound interest in the hands of our citizens; more especially three fourths of it which is owned by Americans. A public debt, becoming capital, in the hands of our citizens, and the means of exciting an active industry and circulation, actually produces the power of extinguishing itself. The profit on this capital, amounting to more than simple interest, would in fact furnish the means of paying off the capital, if the whole simple interest were payable to foreigners. But when a great part of this interest is paid to our own citizens, both interest and profit are constantly added to the capital, and become stock in business, which again produces a profit. In all new countries, some artificial capitals have been found extremely beneficial. This was eminently the case in Philadelphia for half a century after her first settlement. This however is no objection to the speedy redemption of the debt; for the capital has been created, it has produced its effect, and when the debt is paid, the money or something equivalent will remain and constitute the capital of our citizens.
PHILADELPHIA, December 23.
We have been favored by one of our correspondents with the following communication respecting the principles of Spain, relative to the navigation of the Mississippi.
Among the records of the Secretary of State of the United States, there must exist a letter from De Vergennes to Mr. Jay dated the 6th September 1782, with a memorial from that Minister for foreign affairs, the design of which was to engage the United States not to think of the Navigation of the Mississippi, and to leave matters in the situation in which they then were, and still remain, and in which they will probably continue to be for a long time to come, unless the United States take strenuous measures to effect a change.
The Minister for foreign affairs of France took this step at the instigation of Spain, whose invariable principles are contained in the annexed extract of a report from Montmorin then Ambassador at Madrid to Vergennes:
"The cabinet of Madrid thinks it their essential interest, not to open the Mississippi to the Americans, and to give them a disgust to settling on that river, as they would soon engross the trade of New Orleans and Mexico in spite of all the obstacles that might oppose their progress, and would become the more dangerous neighbours to Spain, as even in their present weak state they conceive vast projects for the conquest of the western banks of the Mississippi."
Montmorin adds:
"That Spain was determined to make the Indians serve as a barrier between their possessions and those of the Americans, that she would find other means, if necessary, to obstruct their progress, and that her most Christian Majesty could not afford to his Catholic Majesty a greater proof of his attachment, than in employing his influence in the United States to divert their views from the Navigation of the Mississippi."
The court of France has constantly conformed to this insinuation, as is fully proved by its instructions to all its Ministers to Congress.
The present posture of affairs, says a correspondent, offers an extensive field, in which a speculating adventurous disposition will find ample scope for excursion—Nor will the feelings of humanity be much consulted in the details that will be made, the public mind will be barrowed up with a variety of perplexing rumors—the blessings of peace and general tranquility—the preservation and security of life, liberty and property—and all the enjoyments of society as connected with a just government, are considerations of no importance in the view of men, who suppose they can discern a connection between their personal emolument, and the convulsions of the world.
We are desired to inform the public that two months ago the French minister invited such persons, as might have received any offence, or suffered any damage from the privateer called the Citizen Genet, to lay their complaints before him, pledging himself, that they should receive all possible satisfaction and indemnification, in case the act of piracy, of which certain persons have spoken so much, should be proved, but that hitherto no complaint nor claim has been presented to him.
FROM A CORRESPONDENT.
The prudence of our Legislators cannot be sufficiently extolled. Questions of the highest moment to the dignity, and indeed independence of this country are depending; but no decision is to be attempted until we have fresh intelligence of the complexion of European politics.
The question, whether Citizen Genet has or has not deserved the denunciation from our Executive is
not to be determined until we know how that letter of denunciation has been received by the French government.
The neutral rights of our vessels are to be insulted until we know, whether by being embroiled with France, we shall be deprived of the only natural ally that can assist us in asserting them, or till we know whether the progress of the combined armies has not been such as to require a surrender of those rights and consequently of our independence.
The firmness of our executive in demanding the delivery of our forts is not to be approved, until we know what Great Britain will say to that demand.
And again, their prudence induces them to conceal from the people the proceedings of the Executive and their own, relative to the Spanish affairs, until they have done so much, that the people cannot pretend to undo, but must bongre, malgre , support them.
CHARLESTOWN, (S. C.) Nov. 25.
We learn from Augusta, that the trial of Joseph Rivers, Richard Seymour, Jesse Hunt and Benjamin Putnam, against whom a true bill was found by the grand jury, for fitting out a privateer in the port of Savannah, under a French commission, contrary to existing treaties between the United States and foreign powers, and also to the President's proclamation; was terminated on Saturday last, when the petit jury, at ten o'clock at night, brought in a verdict, contrary to the opinion of the judges, that the prisoners were not guilty.
NEW BERN, (N. C.) December 7.
There is now a report in this town, that an epidemical disorder rages in Fayetteville, and it is expected the legislature will adjourn to some other place.
MARTINSBURG, JANUARY 6, 1794.
A letter from the Western Army, dated November 21, says, "We are now comfortably huted, six miles advance of Fort Jefferson, the troops well supplied with provisions, enjoy a remarkable share of health, and but little apprehensive of an attack from the enemy."
According to some letters from England lately received, many of the people of that country are exceedingly dissatisfied with the administration of their government, particularly on account of the war—and in consequence, that the spirit of emigration is spreading so rapidly, that it is expected to equal those made to America in the time of the Stuarts—Every event in the European world however adverse to the people there, now appears pregnant with advantages to this country, so long as we preserve the respectability of our government, the peace, freedom and unity of our Republic.
Though the ardent wishes of every benevolent mind that the whole human race may enjoy the blessings of peace, liberty and safety may never be fully realized—yet it is a consolation to reflect that for many years to come the United States will afford an extensive asylum to the oppressed, of every part of the globe.
Capt. Sheffield, from Cadiz, arrived at Philadelphia, says, the Spaniards were exerting themselves to afford the garrison of Toulon relief, which had suffered very great losses, in attempting to dislodge the French from some advantageous situation they possessed—The number of English killed was reported to be near 3000, and as many Spanish.
The French General Ihler, was killed in the attack on the lines of Lauterbourg. He received two mortal wounds, but exclaimed, when his soldiers took notice of them, "Never mind them, my brave companions, they are only slight scars—Press forward upon the despotic enemy, and God save the Republic." He sunk to the ground as soon as he had uttered the last word: but immediately raising himself and supporting his head upon the body of a soldier, who had been killed in the beginning of the attack, he pointed to the enemy, and expired, making signals to his soldiers to continue the contest.
Extract of a Convention agreed to between the Kings of Spain and Great Britain, signed at Madrid on the 25th of May, and ratified on the 5th of July.
Art. V. Their Majesties agree, as the present war must interest all civilized nations, to unite all their efforts in order to prevent those powers who may not take an active part in said war, from giving, on account of their neutrality, any protection directly or indirectly, either upon the high seas or in the ports of France, to French commerce; or anything which may belong to the subjects of that power.
All military and naval stores, all wheat, and other grain, salt provisions and other, bound to France, shall be seized and condemned for the benefit of the captors, and their Majesties engage to take all other measures in their power to injure the commerce of France and bring them by these means to just conditions of peace.
The above named powers engage to frame a reciprocal treaty of commerce as soon as circumstances shall permit.
El Duque de la Aludia.
S. Helena.
Married at Shepherd's-Town, Mr. JOHN GOODING, to Miss HANNAH WARNER.
The subscribers to this Paper, on the route from Bath to Hampshire, are requested to pay one half the amount of their subscription to the present time only, to Mr. William McMahon, by whom they were supplied; the remaining half to be reserved for the Printer, or his order.
The United States are critically situated at the present moment—but there is one idea that must afford the people great satisfaction, whatever may be the issue of impending events—and that is, that the government of the Union is committed to the hands of men who have guided our affairs with ability and success in as arduous a conflict as any we may ever expect to realize in future.—Connected with this idea, is another—that we enjoy a government framed on such principles, as if properly exerted, will call forth the strength and resources of four millions of people, who feel their independency, and will support it at every hazard.
Died in this town, on Saturday night last, Mrs. Goojman, wife of Mr. Abraham Goojman.
TO BE SOLD,
ON THE PREMISES,
AT PUBLIC AUCTION—For ready money,
On FRIDAY the 31st of January, instant, By Virtue of a Decree of the High Court of Chancery, obtained by the late Humphrey Keyes against Richard Boucher, on the 10th day of March, 1791, Two hundred and fifty acres of Land, in the County of Berkeley, on Evar's run, near Charlestown, whereon the said Richard Boucher now lives. This Land has the advantage of a fine stream of water running through it, affords a competent proportion of meadow, is well timbered, and a rich strong soil.
ABRAHAM SHEPHERD, WILLIAM DARKE, THOMAS RUTHERFORD, } Commissioners.
January 4, 1794.
N O T I C E.
THE Subscriber returns his grateful acknowledgments to his friends and customers—and most humbly solicits a settlement with those whom he has accounts unsettled with, and of long standing. This requisition he hopes will be acceptable to his friends, as he is desirous of closing his accounts to the present date.
FLORENCE MAHONY.
Martinsburg, January 1, 1794.
THE Partnership of MARK and COOK is dissolved by mutual consent this 4th December, 1793. JOHN MARK. WILLIAM COOK.
List of Letters remaining in the Post-Office at Shepherd's-Town
B. Thomas Borrás. Col. Charles Beatty. D. Robert Daniel, Buckles-Town. Samuel Donaldson, care of David Fulton. M. David Moore. Christopher M'Allister. Richard M'Sherry. N. George North and Co. S. Isaac Stryder, care of John Potts. Frederick Sherry. W. Corbin Washington, Prospect-Hill. Sam. S. Washington, 3. William Spalding. 13 news papers. If the above letters are not taken up before the first day of April, they will be sent to the General Post-Office as dead letters. WILLIAM GOOD, jun. P. M.
A Scheme of a LOTTERY,
For the disposal of Land, Cattle, and Merchandize, as follows,
Table with 3 columns: Prize description, Quantity, Value. Includes: 1 Prize of fifty acres of good land, £ 75 0 0; 1 ditto of fifty acres of ditto, 75 0 0; 1 ditto a young mare, 12 12 0; 1 ditto a milch cow, 4 10 0; 10 ditto each one sheep, at 12/. 6 0 0; 286 ditto each 6/8 in merchandize, 95 6 8; Expenses of drawing, and other contingencies, 1 11 4.
£ 20 0 0 300 Prizes, 600 Blanks, } 900 Tickets, at 6/. each, £ 270 0 0
The above Lottery is calculated in Virginia currency, dollars at 6/. and as it cannot be doubted on the first sight of this scheme, that the Tickets will not remain long on hand, as the two first Prizes are so valuable, being each 50 acres of good land, lying within 10 miles of Martinsburg, near Opeckon, each of which would be a pretty settlement for a tradesman, there being a stream of water running exactly between the two; or should any adventurer be so fortunate as to draw them both, they would make together a pretty little farm, as it is tolerable good wheat land.
From the present rapid sale of the Tickets, the subscriber has determined on drawing the 1st day of March next, if the tickets should then be sold. He has appointed Messrs. James Kercheval and Edward Talbert as Managers, and the place of drawing at Mr. David Middleton's Tavern.
The 286 Prizes, valued at 6/8 Virginia currency each are to consist of calicoes, men's jacket patterns, wool hats, silk and pocket-handkerchiefs, plated shoe-buckles, &c.
January 3, 1794. ZADOCK WILLETT.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
ON CENSURE.
Y E wise instruct me to endure, An evil that admits no cure, Or how this evil can be borne, Which breeds at once both hate and scorn. Bare innocence is no support, When you are try'd in Scandal's court. Stand high in honor, wealth or wit, All others who inferior sit, Conceive themselves in conscience bound To join and drag you on the ground; Your attitude offends the eyes Of those who want the pow'r to rise; The world a willing slander by, Inclines to aid a specious lie; Alas! they would not do you wrong, But all appearances are strong. Yet whence proceeds this weight we lay On what distracting people say? For let mankind discharge their tongues, In venom, till they burst their lungs, Their utmost malice cannot make, Your hand, your tooth, or finger ake; Nor spoil your shape, distort your face, Nor put one feature out of place. Nor will you find your fortune sink, By what they speak, or what they think; Nor can ten hundred thousand lies, Make you less virtuous, learn'd or wise: The most effectual way to balk Their malice is to let them talk.
ON GAMBLING.
AMONG the many admonitions which the Monitor has given to the world, I do not remember any on the destructive effects of Gambling. That social happiness may, in no wise, be diminished by innocent diversion, even if the instruments are cards or balls, I am not so much of a cynic to deny: But when we so far forget our happiness, as to dive into the vortex of chance, and risk our fortunes and peace of mind to the turning of a card, or a lucky throw of a dice, or hit of a ball (as a late writer observes), no language is adequate to convey a just idea of the destructive practice. As the most destructive passion of the soul, and from which the greatest train of evil consequences flow, it stands unrivalled—its votaries, in general, are either poor or extravagant; the intellectual faculties of either, elated by success, or depressed by loss, make the being not only a pest, but a gloomy blank in society. It always debases, and frequently eradicates, original virtue. Is there a more melancholly sight, than to see a youth, rising to manhood, surrounded by his friends, displaying a genius which excites the warmest hopes to every breast, devoting his time and attention to Gambling? That this is a fatal truth, we need only turn our views to the assemblies and taverns—we there behold many who have no other dependence to carry them through life, than an unfulfilled purity of character, hovering round the gambling table, losing all they possess, involved in debt, and rising with dejected features, to behold the rising of the sun. Ye votaries of Gambling, these are but consequences which naturally flow; but pave the way to scenes of excess and debauchery, over which let fancy in silence brood.
A valuable Plantation for Sale.
PURSUANT to the last will of William Baldwin, deceased, will be sold by Public Vendue, on the 2d Tuesday of March next, on the Premises, (if fair, if not, the next fair day,) the Plantation on which the said William Baldwin lately dwelt, situate in Berkeley County, Virginia, about 8 miles from Martinsburg, containing about 300 acres, one hundred and sixty or seventy of which are cleared, and under good fence, 10 acres of excellent meadow made, which may easily be watered from a large limestone spring.—The remainder of the land is well covered with oak, walnut, hickory and poplar timber. There is on said Plantation, two dwelling houses, two double barns, a large apple-orchard, and other fruit-trees. One fifth part of the purchase money must be paid down, the remainder in four equal annual payments, on giving bonds with approved security. A plat of the land will be shown, and other particulars respecting the premises made known on the day of sale by
JAMES STRODE } Executors. JAMES CAMPBELL }
The title is indisputable. December 17th, 1793.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY, A YOUNG MAN, well acquainted with the Distilling Business, and who can give an indisputable recommendation. December 23d, 1793. Inquire of the Printer.
TO BE RENTED. THAT noted Tavern in Charles-Town, which is at present occupied by the Subscriber; possession will be given the first of April next. For terms apply to,
WILLIAM CHERRY.
December 23, 1793.
NOTICE.
ALL Persons having demands on the estate of William Skinner, late of Berkeley, deceased, are requested to exhibit their accounts for adjustment; and all those indebted to the said estate, are requested to make payment, as it is wished that an immediate settlement may take place.
REBECCA SKINNER, Administratrix.
To be rented, a SADDLER'S SHOP, with or without the working tools.
Martinsburg, December 23, 1793.
FOR SALE.
A HOUSE and Lot in Middletown; the House is built with large squared logs, 28 by 26 feet, two stories high, with three rooms on each floor, completely finished, with a good kitchen adjoining the same; the lot is enclosed with good paling, post and rail fence. There is likewise a convenient stable, adjoining the premises is a grass lot containing three quarters of an acre, under good post and rail fence, clear of ground rent, which will be sold with the former. Any person inclining to purchase this valuable property, may know the terms (which will be reasonable) by applying to the Subscriber, living on the premises.
ROBERT LAMON.
Middletown, December 17th, 1793.
WHEREAS the Subscribers signed three penal Bonds to Thomas Noble, of Berkely County, each for the sum of forty seven pounds five shillings, the first due November 1, 1794, the second November 1, 1795, and the third November 1, 1796, and which Bonds were given the said Noble for a certain tract of land, but to which said land we are well assured he has not a good right, we therefore forewarn all persons from taking an assignment of either of the said Bonds, as we are determined not to pay them until we are satisfied with regard to the title.
SOLOMON SILKWOOD. WILLIAM ROBINSON.
December 21st, 1793.
JOSEPH & JOSHUA RIDDLE, Have just received a neat and general Assortment of Well chosen FALL GOODS,
Imported in the last vessels from Europe. They hope to be able to give full satisfaction to all that may please to call on them; they are determined to sell for ready pay only, and have opened their goods at as low an advance as any others in the County.—The highest price given for country produce of every kind in cash or goods. They return their thanks to the public for the encouragement they have already received and hope to merit a continuance.
N. B. Saddles of all sorts at the shortest notice.
12m.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away from the Subscriber, on the night of the 19th of September last, a Negro Man named SOMMERS, about 26 or 27 years of age, 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, tawny complexion, has a down look. He took with him when he went away, a light cloth coat and breeches, a red shag waistcoat, a round white sailor jacket, a pair of striped and a pair of tow overalls, a good wool hat, and shoes. He will endeavour to pass for a freeman. Whoever apprehends said Negro and returns him to me, or commits him to jail so that I get him again, shall have the above reward, and necessary charges.
JOHN KEARNEY.
Berkeley County, Virginia, November 11, 1793.
TO BE SOLD.
530 acres of LAND, lying on Sleepy-Creek, a corner of Frederick County, nearly adjoining Berkeley and Hampshire line; there are about 50 acres of plow land clear'd, 12 acres of meadow, and much more may be made, a young bearing apple and peach orchard, the land well watered and timbered, it has a good mill seat, a limestone spring, some cabin buildings, &c. Appy to
WILLIAM CATLETT.
November 18, 1793.
TO BE SOLD.
On reasonable terms,
100 Acres of good Land, on Back-Creek, adjoining Isaac Clawson's, 4 acres of which are cleared, the land well water'd and timber'd; good meadow may be made. For terms of sale, apply to, JAMES QUICK.
December 2d, 1793.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY, Two Journeymen SADDIERS, and a Journeyman BLACKSMITH,
The latter who understands the waggon business, horse-shoeing, &c. Constant employ and good wages will be given, by applying to
WILLIAM DARKE.
November 25, 1793.
Constant employ and good wages will be given to a JOURNEYMAN BLACKSMITH, Who is acquainted with the different branches of the business, by
WILLIAM MERRETT.
November 25, 1793.
TO BE RENTED.
THE House in Martinsburg, opposite Mr. John Rohr's, and now occupied by Mr. Christian Smith. The House has adjoining a very complete kitchen, stable and garden, with every other convenience that could be wished for the accommodation of a family. Possession will be given on the first of April next. For terms apply to Mr. Edward Christian in Martinsburg, or the Subscriber in Winchester.
JAMES ASH.
December 19th, 1793.
THE Subscriber requests those that are indebted to him by open account, to come and settle, and if they cannot discharge what may be due, to give their obligations, as their accounts may be closed by the first of April next; he then purposes to open a large assortment of Merchandize, and wants his books settled before he begins business again, as they have been long standing.
JOSEPH MINGHINI.
November 11, 1793.
In the High Court of Chancery, September the 26th, 1793.
BETWEEN
Robert M c Knight - - - - - Plt. }
AND
Milling Wooley, and Laurence M c Kernan, Deft. }
THE Defendant Milling Wooley not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the act of assembly, and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this country, on the motion of the plaintiff by his council, it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at some church of the parish of Norborne, in the county of Berkeley, on some Sunday immediately after divine service, and at the front door of the Capitol in the city of Richmond. A Copy. Teste, PETER TINSLEY, C.H.C.C.
NOTICE.
THE Subscriber having removed from the place where he formerly lived, in Shepherd's-Town, informs his friends in particular and the public in general, that he has furnished himself with the best materials, and employed some of the best workmen, so that he is now able to make as good Wagons as on the continent, and as reasonable. He now lives in the Main Street, a few doors below John Kearley, Esq.'s, and any person enquiring at Joseph McMurrin's Store, will receive information.
HENRY FEYSER.
Shepherd's-Town, Dec. 14, 1793.
COMMITTED to the jail in Berkeley County, 13th of this month, a negro man, who appears to be about 27 years old, about 5 feet 7 inches high. He says he belongs to Capt. William Lane, in Loudon. His master is desired to come, pay charges, and take him away. ROBERT COCKBURN, Jailor.
December 14, 1793.
FOR SALE, AT THE PRINTING OFFICE, Blank Deeds of Bargain and Sale, Magistrates' Summons, Lawyers' Declarations, Common Bonds, Bonds for deliverance of Property, Blank notes, &c.