Berkeley and Jefferson intelligencer (Martinsburg, Va.), 1804-11-16 00:00:00

Berkeley and Jefferson Intelligencer.
[No. 26 of Volume VI.]
FRIDAY, November 16, 1804.
[WHOLE No. 285.]
From the Boston Continel. REVIEW OF JEFFERSON'S ADMINISTRATION. NO. VII.
W ealth is the nerve of national power. In conflicts between kingdoms it is the source of recruiting armies, whose ranks are thinned by slaughter and disease. It not only conquers by land, but it opens the empire of the ocean. Must it not then excite surprise and regret, to perceive Mr. JEFFERSON, lavishing the treasure of the nation, the only sure defence against the disposition, or the actual encroachment of ambitious and domineering states? Nor is it matter of less surprise, to see this treasure applied to strengthen our enemies, expended on a ship of a people, who have recently shown their total disregard of the laws of nations and the principles of justice, by wantonly stripping us of millions, and refusing redress. Almost thirty-three thousand dollars were expended to repair the Bercéau, a French vessel, whose original cost is stated at little more, than thirteen thousand. No law, treaty, or national compact imposed any obligation for such singular and unprecedented conduct.
To prove the expenditure of money on the Bercéau by order of the executive, and the manner in which it was repaired, we shall give extracts of a letter of SAMUEL BROWN, Navy Agent, to the Secretary of the Navy, dated Boston, October 31, 1801:
"SIR—I now enclose you an account of repairs on, and the supplies furnished to the French national corvette, Le Bercéau, agreeably to your instruction of the 2d April last, amounting to 32,859 dollars 54 cents.
"You have directed to be stated the precise condition Le Bercéau was in, as to her equipment of every kind on the delivery to the officers, appointed on the part of the French Republic, to receive her. On the 23d of June, she was formally delivered up; but as many of the supplies were necessarily made after that time, I conceive the object, intended, would not be embraced, by stating her condition at that period. I think there is no better way of ascertaining repairs and supplies, she received at public expense, and the condition of her equipment at the termination of the supplies, than by reference to the account, which I hope you will think to be sufficiently explanatory. But it may not be amiss in me to make some general observations on the subject. I shall therefore say, that the best shipwrights, blacksmiths, caulkers, joiners, mast-makers, riggers, and other workmen in this place were employed on the repairs; that their work was well executed, and the materials, furnished for the purpose, were of the best kind. That wherever the copper on her bottom appeared to have received any injury, it was repaired with new. In these respects there cannot be a doubt of her being placed in a better condition than she was in at the period immediately anterior to the action with the Boston. Her masts, bowsprit, spars, tops and caps were all new, and made in the best and most substantial manner. Her shrouds, stays and cordage were all new, and of the best quality, being made of the finest yarns excepting about four tons of the latter. She was furnished with a new cable of eighteen inches, one hundred and twenty fathoms in length, and amply supplied with spare cordage. In addition to upwards of thirty sails, which were saved from wreck, which were put in a good order, she was furnished with a complete new set of sails, made of the best duck. Her condition, as to her masts, spars, shrouds, stays and sails, was doubtless made much better by the repairs, than at the period referred to above.
"Her supply of blocks and block work was ample. She was furnished with a new large, and her other boats were well repaired, and she was abundantly supplied with water casks.
"Her cabin was sufficiently furnished with tables, desks, chairs, crockery ware and other furniture. In this respect there cannot be a doubt she was also placed in a better condition, than she was in, at the period referred to.
"She was furnished with beef, pork, bread, beans, rice, flour, oil, rum, wine,
and other stores, which were of the best kind, for a voyage of three months."
Here then we have one instance of the expenditure of money by the direction of the President, required by no treaty, authorised by no law, and in VIOLATION of the CONSTITUTION. Indeed the government have manifested a conscientious wrong by defending this waste of public money, in no less than four different ways. At one time, we are told our convention with France required it; at another, that it was justified by the principles of reason and maxims of sound policy; at a third, it is falsely and unblushingly asserted that these repairs were ordered by the preceding administration and at a fourth, that the Bercéau was considered, and repaired as an American vessel. These several modes of defence require a short examination.
In the convention with France was a provision, that the ships of both nations, taken after the time of the ratification of it, should be mutually restored. Allowing then a construction of this convention, requiring the restoration of the Bercéau in the state in which it was at the commencement of the battle with the Boston, whence was derived the power to place it in a better condition, than at that period? Neither this treaty, nor any law passed on the subject, gave such a power. Yet an agent of government expressly informs, that her state of repair on delivery was better, than immediately anterior to the time of capture. Her cabin was filled with the furniture of luxury. Her stores were such as are seen only on the splendid table. The best workmen, and the best materials were alone fit, to strengthen and decorate a ship, belonging to a nation of pirates. The administration were not only laying open the breasts of the country, but directing the dagger, with which an enemy desired to pierce it. The words of the treaty, however, do not admit of such a construction. It would be criminalizing ourselves. If admitted, a defensive war, carried on to save our seamen from captivity, and our property from destruction, must be pronounced unjustifiable. It is even a misfortune to take the ships of an enemy; because if we conquer, we must make compensation; if conquered we must be compensated. An equality of right however demanded the reparation of the Boston by France, if it required that of the Bercéau by America. The truth is, BUONAPARTE could claim nothing more by treaty, than the restoration of the vessel, shattered as it was when it first came into our possession. The thirty two thousand dollars, which were expended on it, can only be placed to the account of the partiality and overflowing affection for France, which have ever characterized Mr. JEFFERSON.
When a chief magistrate condescends to explain any measure of his administration, the possession of complete information, gives a nation a right to expect a satisfactory defence. So far from referring to the treaty, or law, authorizing an expenditure of money on the Bercéau, the President, with more sincerity than his supporters, and with less distrust of his party, justifies the transaction on the principles of reason and policy. In a message, in April 1802, to the house of representatives, requesting information concerning this vessel, he says; "I now transmit the papers, desired in your resolution of the sixth instant. Those respecting the Bercéau will sufficiently explain themselves. The officer, charged with her repairs, states in his letter, received August 27, 1801, that he had been led by circumstances, which he explains TO GO CONSIDERABLY BEYOND HIS ORDERS. In questions between nations, who have no common umpire but reason, something must often be yielded of mutual opinion on to enable them to meet in a common point." Had we not before arrived in that common point, in which France could meet us? Must a large sum be expended on the Bercéau in addition to thirty millions of dollars to strengthen the ties of friendship, and produce a mutual sentiment of harmony? What equivalent have we received from the MAGNANIMOUS REPUBLIC for all these marks of affection, more grateful, than their condescension? She has not even repaired the Boston. She has only insulted our petitions for redress. A subordi-
nate officer, confiding in the inclination of the executive for justification, could go considerably beyond his orders, in adding to the power of an inveterate foe. Though Mr. JEFFERSON may feel willing to be a viceroy of BUONAPARTE; yet, I trust, the spirit, which animated Americans, when achieving their independence, is not so broken, nor their national pride so humbled by the insults they have received, that they are prepared to become a colony of France.
A third kind of defence for repairing the Bercéau is, that it was done in pursuance of the orders of the preceding administration. No less an officer, than the Attorney General, had the effrontery to make the assertion. How consistent was with truth, a letter from Mr. STODDERT, then Secretary of the Navy, to S. HIGGINSON and Co. dated December 19, 1800, will determine. "I have the honour to request, that you will cause the French ship, Le Bercéau, to be purchased for the United States, and afterwards have her placed, where she will be secure, with just as many men on board, as will be necessary to take care of her. MAKE NO REPAIRS." Regard for the reputation of the government, if not for his own, ought to have restrained the Attorney General from a direct violation of truth, to avoid the public odium, which he knew, must attach to conduct, so inimical to the interest of the country.
The last attempt to continue the confidence of the people in the present rulers is a report of ROBERT SMITH, Secretary of the Navy, to Congress: in which, on the 6th of February, 1802, he says, "the corvette Bercéau being the property of the United States, the expenses of repairing her were derived out of the fund, appropriated to the expense of repairing the public ships of the United States." Unfortunately however for this statement a brother of the present Secretary, S. SMITH, on the 20th of March preceding, then acting as Secretary, wrote to S. HIGGINSON and Co. that "the French national ship, the Bercéau, is to be restored under the treaty. You will please to cause her to be delivered with all her guns, ammunition, apparel, and every thing belonging to her, to the order of Mr. PICNON, when such order shall appear." Thus is this defence as groundless as the others. To assume so many modes of it is evidence that the action cannot be justified. Indeed from the preceding facts we have a right to infer, that Mr. JEFFERSON has betrayed the interest of the nation, and grossly violated the constitution, by expending an enormous sum without any appropriation for the same by law, on the vessel of a people, who had not only robbed us of millions, but threatened our independence.
HUME.
COLLEGE OF NEW-JERSEY.
T HE Trustees of the College of New-Jersey are happy to announce to the public the perfect restoration of the College Edifice lately destroyed by fire, with many improvements in its structure calculated to guard it against a like calamity in future. They have erected also several new buildings, which have greatly increased the advantages for study, and the accommodations which the institution can afford, both to its Professors and its Students. In comparing the circumstances of the College at the period when they lately solicited the public liberality in its favour, with its present state, they cannot but be deeply affected by the contrast which they witness. At that time the noble structure erected by their predecessors as a nursery for SCIENCE and PIETY was a heap of ruins; their library was consumed; their pupils were dispersed, and they were wholly destitute of funds, either to replace their losses by the fire, or to provide for the instruction of the youth. They now see its buildings not only restored and improved, but greatly augmented, three new professorships established, and the number of the pupils increased much beyond what it has ever been at any former period.
With devout reverence the Trustees would, first of all, acknowledge their
obligations, and offer their thanks to Almighty God, in whose gracious protection they confided in the time of their distress, and who holding the hearts of all men in his hand, has inclined the friends of learning and religion so liberally to aid them in their pious work. And in the propitious and signal smiles of Divine Providence on their efforts, they hope they see an indication, and a pledge, that the institution over which they preside, is destined to future and distinguished usefulness.
In the next place, they offer, with great sincerity and warmth, their gratitude to all those public-spirited individuals, in various parts of the United States, who have so liberally contributed to the recovery and pious designs now so happily completed. To many of these they are indebted for their own generous contributions. To many they are under additional obligations for their active and friendly aid to the agents of the Corporation in soliciting benefactions, and for their cordial and benevolent exertions, in various ways, for the benefit of the funds of the College.
While the Trustees endeavour to acquit themselves of the debt of gratitude which they have contracted during their successful exertions in behalf of the College, they judge it to be a part of their duty, and one, they trust, which will not be unacceptable to the public, to lay before them the advantages which the institution now possesses for the Education of Youth, the course of studies, and some beneficial changes in the mode of conducting them, which had been lately introduced.
The establishment of the College consists of a President, who is also Professor of Moral Philosophy, &c. four other Professors, and two Tutors, under whom is appointed a Teacher of French, for the benefit of those who are desirous of acquiring that language, and who can redeem time for that purpose from their ordinary classical studies.
In order to enter the Freshman Class, it is necessary to have read the Evangelists, or other equivalent portions of the Greek Testament, and to be acquainted with Latin authors usually read in the schools, as far as the Aeneid of Virgil. To enter the Sophomore Class, it is necessary farther to have read Sallust, Cicero's Oration, the Greek Testament, Lucian's Dialogues, and to understand Vulgar Arithmetic. The Lower Classes are entirely occupied in the study of the Latin and Greek Languages, of Arithmetic, Geography, and the Roman Antiquities, under the direction of the Professors of Languages, with the assistance of the Tutors, except on Sundays, when they are employed in studying the History of the Bible, and the principles of the Christian Religion, agreeably to the tenets of the respective churches to which they belong. These classes, on account of the extreme youth of the greater part of the young gentlemen who compose them, are required to study, during the whole day, under the immediate eye of their Professors and Tutors. For this purpose large, convenient, well-lighted and airy apartments have been provided.
The members of the superior Classes are permitted to study in their private chambers, except in those hours in which they are required to attend their respective Professors in the public halls of recitation and lecture. On Sundays, after the public worship is ended, the Junior Class attends lectures by the Professor of Theology, calculated to explain the difficulties which occur in the Sacred writings and refute the objections which have been made against particular parts of them, by the aids of History, of Antiquities, and the principles of a sound Criticism. The Senior Class attends lectures on the Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion. It is considered by the Trustees as an object of primary importance in the course of education, to impress upon the minds of studious youth just sentiments of the nature, as well as a full conviction of the truth of religion, as being the surest basis of the public morals. On the remaining days of the week, these classes attend lectures by the different Professors, the one on the several branches of Speculative and Practical Mathematics, on Natural Phi-
Mr. Hume

losophy, Astronomy, Chemistry and Natural History; the other on the Elements of Logic, of Belles-Lettres, of History, and of Moral and Political Science.
It is with great pleasure that the Trustees inform the public, that the losses, which the institution suffered in its apparatus for Experimental Philosophy have been, in a great measure, repaired; and that they have been enabled to replace the library, which was destroyed in the conflagration, by a most valuable collection of near four thousand volumes; and, by a small increase in the fees of tuition, means have been adopted for annually making considerable additions to the library, as well as for providing, in time, additional buildings for the accommodation of the increasing number of Students.
Notwithstanding these internal resources, which the Trustees have been enabled to establish, inasmuch as the institution has been founded, and hitherto entirely supported by individual munificence, they solicit for the augmentation of the number of their books, the continued aid of the Friends of Science. This they can do with the greater confidence, as they themselves derive no emolument from their office, but actually incur considerable expense, and make no small sacrifices of time and of ease, solely from their zeal to promote the interests of Learning and Religion. In particular, they will acknowledge, with due sentiments, their obligations to those Authors, who may furnish the College with a Copy of their Works; and to every Inventor or Improver of a Useful Machine, who may bestow on it a Model and Explanation of his Improvement or Invention. A handsome receptacle is provided in the hall of the Library for all such models, designed to display them to the best advantage. All Specimens of Elegant Execution in the Fine Arts, will be thankfully received.
The Trustees beg leave to inform the Public, that the necessary expenses of Education in the College, excluding those of Clothing and Chamber Furniture, and including those of Tuition, Chamber Rent, Board, Books, Wood, Lights, the Use of the Library, Servant's Wages and Washwomen's bills, do not amount to more than one hundred and eighty dollars a-year. And beyond this sum, except for cloathing and travelling expenses, Parents are earnestly requested to be very frugal in the allowance of money granted to their sons, and to refuse the payment of all debts contracted on credit. The Governors and Instructors of the College have found, from long experience, that nothing is more pernicious to the morals and the studious habits of the youth committed to their care, than an unrestricted credit, or excessive remittances of money. And every Parent may be absolutely assured that, if his son is solicitous to procure from him much larger sums, under the idea that the stile of living at the College requires them, or under any pretence whatever, he has formed some imprudent connections.
Lastly, the College of New-Jersey having been originally founded with a view to promote the interests of Religion, as well as of learning, by training up men of piety and talents for the Ministry of the Gospel, the Trustees have ever been attentive to this great object; and they are now enabled, by the blessings of Divine Providence, to offer more ample encouragements than usual to young men destined for that sacred profession. A certain number will find the greater part of their necessary expenses, during the whole course of their education, defrayed out of funds, for that purpose, placed by benevolent persons in the hands of the Corporation. And all who are actually engaged in the study of Theology, and in the course of immediate preparation for the Ministry, at whatever institution they may have received the preliminary parts of their education, may, on producing proper testimonials of character, pursue their farther studies here at the moderate charge of one dollar a-week for board, and enjoy the assistance of the President and Professor of Theology without any fee for instruction. This Professor, in addition to the lectures which he gives to the classes in the College, purposes to give lectures to the Theological Students twice in the week to hold a Theological Society once in the week for the discussion of important questions immediately relative to the Science of divinity; to teach the Hebrew Language to those who need it,
and to superintend their improvement in the Greek and French Languages.
Such are the advantages which the Trustees have been enabled, under the blessing of Divine Providence, and through the favor of the Public, to secure to the institution under their care; and such are the prospects which they can now, with pleasure, and with confidence, hold out to the Friends of Religion and of Learning. The public benevolence which has been manifested, in so distinguished a manner to this College, will stimulate their exertions to render it still more useful to their country, and to the church.
Signed by Order of the Board, SAM. S. SMITH, President. JOHN MACLEAN, Clerk.
NORFOLK, October 11.
The following interesting letter is from the Jersey Gazette, of the 30th of August. The character and originality of many of the sentiments accord so exactly with the situation and behaviour of MOREAU, that no discerning reader will doubt its authenticity.
Translated for the Herald.
Letter from General Moreau to his brother, a Tribune, at Paris.
BAREGES, 6th July.
An express has brought me a permit to pass some days here with my wife and child. Of the officers who conducted me, there remains only Ramel, who has been extremely attentive, and who will accompany me to the post from which I am to embark. What ideas, what recollections have assailed me, in traversing this fine country, for the purpose of leaving it—never to return!
It seems as if they had made me pass through it in one of its largest dimensions to increase my regret. Calm your sorrows my friend, for I shall still find in family affections resources sufficient to support the evils which surround me. I have made great sacrifices to preserve these, and to these I shall exclusively deliver myself. I know that my contemporaries already accuse me of weakness and want of resolution—of receding from death, and of almost soliciting the clemency of Bonaparte—Posterity will judge more justly—it will estimate all that was painful and even terrible, in the kind of death prepared for a man who had acquired some share of military glory, and who was accustomed only to brave the dangers of the field. I acknowledge that the ideas of mounting on a scaffold after exhausting all the sighs of a long and torturing agony, filled me with terror. I did not find myself exalted by any of those opinions, by any of those sentiments, that make some men brave whatever is ignominious in death. I had for a long time renounced all endeavours to give liberty to my country. I believe it had more occasion for repose than for liberty itself; and although I was far from approving the means by which this repose was obtained, I did not think it necessary to devote myself to procure more honourable ones. I had paid my debts to my country—it remained for my fellow citizens to discharge theirs to me. My task was finished—their duties began. If they have without resistance, suffered a despotic government without much repugnance, if they are all either careless, wearied, or cowardly; I ask, was it for me, so little accustomed to civil discord, so little formed to influence political convulsions, to devote myself to the attempt of giving them another form!
In this state of things, possessing only that kind of ambition which does not refuse itself to propitious circumstances, but that risks nothing to create them—nor favoured with that sense of duty towards my country, that opinion, which exalts every faculty and risks every chance, I found nothing in my breast or my imagination that could soften the sacrifice I was about to make, or disguise from me the horrors of the scaffold. Should it be said the care of my glory prescribed to me a death useful to my country, and honourable to myself—I answer, that I have been ambitious of military fame alone; that I was content with the portion of it I had obtained, and had little regard for that renown which is acquired by other talents and success. It is not just to say, that for the preservation of our fame we should be forced to interfere with the interior regulations of an illustrious state aggrandized by our victories. It is inconsiderate and thoughtless to desire, that a man who has acquired great military glory should possess also every other species of ambition. Misery to
the country that shall be governed by him.
You could not have known that, before I quitted Paris, I saw Mr. Bonaparte. At the moment of departure, announced to me his intention, that I was to be carried before him; the reception he gave me was a little derogatory to imperial majesty. He was in the cabinet with his brother Louis. He advanced towards me, and with a slight inclination, "General Moreau," said he, "I have desired to see you, to know, if before you quit France, you have any wish to form or any request to make to me. You may believe in every thing that has passed, my heart often felt for the situation you was placed in by your imprudence, and in which not to interfere with the course of the laws, an imperious necessity obliged me to leave you; but we will speak no more of these unhappy affairs. I have taken care that they shall not be renewed; for, in short they aimed at my life—a life that I have consecrated to the good of France, and which is yet, for some time to come, necessary for its repose. In all this affair I have forgiven much: but I declare that the season of indulgence is past. General Moreau, you love liberty and independence I do not think I have made a choice disagreeable to you, in sending you to the United States.—You will there find a new people, and not such a degenerate nation as inhabit our ancient Europe. I have often been ambitious of performing the more useful but less brilliant part in which WASHINGTON had shewn so much love for his country—so much of political and military talent. But it was not in France such a part could be played; the factions had too much of restlessness and power, not to be drawn away by them; it was necessary to reign them with the hand of iron.
I know very well this accords but little with liberty—that one must often violate principles, and even the established laws; but in all this one ought to view more the ascendance of circumstances than our ambition. Alas! General Moreau, I have not chosen my part—no, I have not chosen it. It is an inevitable fatality that has thrown me in it—it is that which holds me, and forces me at the one and same time to exhaust every thing that is brilliant and painful. One is obliged in so difficult a situation to do many things against one's will. You see in me the spoilt child of Fortune; but she makes me pay dearly for her favors! General Moreau, I do not sleep on roses." This incoherent discourse almost as much surprised as embarrassed me. I was about to answer, when a courier from Russia was announced. Bonaparte, seemed to be much agitated. "General Moreau," said he, abruptly quitting me, "say to my brother Louis, whatever you have to say to me—he will give me a relation of it." I asked only the favour of residing some days at Bareges; and it is this favor that procures me the favor of writing to you.
HALIFAX, September 8.
"We have been favored with the perusal of two official letters, dated Paris 30th Germinal, (April 20) One of them is signed "Decres," and addressed to Jerome Buonaparte, in America.—The writer informs Jerome that, by order of the First Consul, his allowances are stopped, and intimates his displeasure, at his having remained so long in America, and having married without his consent. He (Decres) says, that the young woman with whom Jerome has connected himself, will not be permitted to enter into the French territories; and should she even arrive in any port in France, she will instantly be reshipped for the American States. He is reminded that the First Consul is not operated on by the blind affection of a parent; that he will only acknowledge those relations who press around him, and assist in executing his vast plans.
The brothers Joseph, Louis, and Lucien, are spoken of with high terms of recommendation; but the latter, though eminently useful, and possessed of an independent fortune, yet, having contracted a marriage contrary to the will of the First Consul, has been banished to Rome—"But you" says the writer, "are pointed out as a man of Spirit, yielding to the tender passion; not having added a single leaf to the laurels which crown him, his name, and our colours." He is repeatedly pressed to return to France in the first frigate that may offer; but as often cautioned against bringing the young woman with him: "It would be degrading" says Decres, "your personal dignity to in-
trude into this country, a woman who ought to be in humiliation, and who will not be received here."
The other is from citizen "Decres," directed to citizen "Pichon," and is to the same effect, the whole of both letters (which are very lengthy) is such as to impress the reader, with an idea of the supreme insolence and contempt with which the usurper looks down on those engaged in the humble walks of life.—They were intercepted on board a vessel bound from Bordeaux to New York; and we have not the smallest doubt of their authenticity.
NEW-YORK, Oct. 25.
Capt. Ogilvie, arrived yesterday from Cadiz, confirms the news of the Prevalence of the yellow fever at Malaga.—From 200 to 250 persons died daily; all the physicians had fallen sacrifices to the virulence of that disorder. Twelve physicians, and drugs had been sent from Cadiz for their relief. The inhabitants were said to be in a state of starvation, and prevented from leaving the city, by centinels being placed round it.
Gen. Moreau and lady were still at Cadiz; and would soon embark for America.
Capt. Cornwall, from Cadiz, informs us that it was reported there that Russia had declared War against France and that a Russian fleet had left the Baltic. He confirms the account given a few days ago in the Mercantile Advertiser, that the exportation of grain and flour from Italy had been prevented by edict of the emperor Napoleon; and assigns, as a reason for it, that great quantities were shipped off to Spain, and that as Italy was expected shortly to be the theatre of war, it was judged expedient to keep at home articles of the first necessity.
MARTINSBURG, November 16.
The Alexandria and Washington-City Mails not arriving at the usual time yesterday, we delayed our paper until this evening, hoping it would be in our power to lay some Congressional matter before our readers, but neither of those mails had come to hand when this paper was put to press.
From the WASHINGTON FEDERALIST. Wednesday Novem. 7.
A quorum of the House of Representatives was formed on Monday, there not being a quorum of the Senate the House adjourned till yesterday; when Seventeen Senators only appearing, which lacks one of a quorum the house adjourned till this day, when perhaps, should another member of the Senate arrive, we may expect the President's Speech, a la mode de l'empereur Napoleon , by message.
Mr. Burr arrived here on Sunday and on Monday ventured to take his seat, among men the natural color of whose hands is unchanged.
SCRAPS.—If our great Philosopher is content to be 'the cause of wit in others,' we will make him a present of a few spices of Yankee humour.
From the New-England Repository. Mr. Jefferson lately addressed the copper-coloured Osage Chiefs in a long speech as his children. The president, undoubtedly, felt himself quite at home.
A letter from lieut. Pratt, to the inspector of the army, dated Savannah, Georgia, September 12, announces the entire destruction of Fort Green, by the late storm, with the loss of 13 persons, 7 of which were soldiers. This and the fate of Gun Boat No. 1, will materially affect the strength of our army and navy.
Gun Boat No. 1, is moored as a scare-crow in a cornfield:—the Spaniards are growling—the remnants of our Navy are rotting three hundred miles from Sea—Hail Columbia happy land!
THE CONTRAST.
The following is an official list of the vessels of war, built or purchased by the Federal administration, and owned by the United States, in the year 1799.
   NAME OF VESSEL. GUNS.     United States, 44   President, 44   Chesapeake, 44  

 Philadelphia, 44  Constitution, 44  Constellation, 36  Congress, 36  New-York, 36  Insurgente, 36  Essex, 32  John Adams, 32  Adams, 32  George Washington, 32  Boston, 32  General Greene, 32  Ganges, 26  Portsmouth, 24  Merrimack, 24  Connecticut, 24  Baltimore, 20  Delaware, 20  Maryland, 20  Herald, 20  Trumbull, 18  Petapaco, 18  Warren, 18  Norfolk, 18  Richmond, 16  Pinckney, 14  Eagle, 14  Augusta, 14  Pickering, 14  Scammel, 14  Experiment, 12  Enterprise, 12   By the present administration, the following vessels have been furnished:   Gun Boat, No 1 1  Gun Boat, No 2 1 
The LIFE of MAN.—An EXTRACT.
O P'NING the map of God's extensive plan, We find a little isle, this life of man; Eternity's unknown expanse appears Circling around and limiting his years: The busy race examine and explore Each creek and cavern of the dangerous shore, With care collect what in their eyes excels— Some, shining pebbles—and some, weeds and shells; Thus laden, dream that they are rich and great, And happiest he that groans beneath his weight: The waves o'ertake them in their serious play, And ev'ry hour sweeps multitudes away They shriek and sink, survivors start and weep, Pursue their sport, and follow to the deep; A few forsake the throng, with lifted eyes Ask wealth of Heaven, and gain a real prize, Truth, wisdom, grace, and peace like that above, Seal'd with his signet whom they serve and love; Scorn'd by the rest, with patient hope they wait A kind release from their imperfect state, And unregretted are soon snatch'd away From scenes of sorrow into glorious day.'
In the great Dutch war in the reign of Charles II. the English fleet and that of Holland fought in the channel for three days successively, engaging in the day and lying-to at night. But just as they were preparing to renew the action, advice came off that an armistice was concluded upon, and the hostile parties began to exercise mutual civilities. On board a Dutch man-war, which lay alongside an English frigate, was a sailor so remarkably active, as to run to the mast-head and stand upright upon the truck, after which he would cut several capers, and conclude with standing upon his head, to the great astonishment and terror of the spectators. On coming down from this exploit, all his countrymen expressed their joy by huzzaing and thereby signifying their triumph over the English. One of our bold tars, piqued for the honor of his country, ran up to the top like a cat, and essayed with all his might to throw up his heels like the Dutchman, and not having the skill, he missed his poise, and came down rather faster than he went up. The rigging, however, broke his fall, and he lighted on his feet unhurt. As soon as he had recovered his speech, he ran to the side, and exultingly cried out to the Dutchmen, "There d—n your eyes do that if you can."
To hire for the ensuing year, two Negro Men, who have been brought up to neat farming. For terms apply to the subscriber near Martinsburg. JOHN DUGAN. November 16, 1804.
Meminger & Cooper
Have received from Philadelphia their supply of Fall Goods, which added to those they had on hand, makes a handsome assortment.—They keep LIQUORS of the first quality— Port, } Jamaica Spirits, Sherry, } French Brandy, Lisbon & } Peach Brandy, Malaga } Common Rum & Rye Whiskey. Also, an assortment of best TEAS — Hyson, Young-Hyson, Hyson-Skin, Imperial and Bohea, all of which they offer for sale for Cash. or Grain of any description.—Cash paid for Wheat or Rye delivered at Flagg's, Beeson's, Christy's or Hess's Mills. Martinsburg, November 16, 1804.
The subscriber has just received in addition to his former stock of Fresh Goods, a large and extensive assortment of FALL and WINTER GOODS. All of which will be sold on the lowest terms possible for Cash; or on a liberal credit, to such of his customers, who have, or will, pay off their former accounts. JAMES FAULKNER. Martinsburg, November 16, 1804.
TO BE SOLD, THREE Negro Women, one sixteen and one twenty years old, the age of the other not particularly recollected; they have all been accustomed to house and out work, and can sow tolerably well.—They will be sold low for cash. JOHN B. CRAGHILL. Berkeley County, November 16, 1804. MARTINSBURG RACES. Gentlemen Sportsmen Take Notice,
THAT on the 29th instant will be run for over a handsome course on the commons of Martinsburg, a Purse of FORTY DOLLARS , free for any horse, mare or gelding, that never won a purse exceeding forty dollars, carrying each rider, six rounds to a heat and repeat, supposed to be three miles. On the day following will be run for over the same course a handsome Sweep-stake, free as above, the winning horse the preceding day excepted, four rounds to a heat and repeat. Four horses to start each day, or no race. Horses to be entered the day before each race with the subscriber, or to pay double at the post. Entrance one shilling in the pound. Proper persons will be appointed as judges to determine every dispute that may arise. No booth will be allowed to be erected on or near the ground without paying three dollars to the subscriber for the use of the purse. WILLIAM MACKEY, jun. November 16, 1804.
FOR SALE A TRACT of Land, situate in the County of Berkeley 3 miles from Martinsburg, near the main road leading from thence to Hagerstown, containing 113 acres, about 70 acres are cleared, the balance of the land well timbered, 7 Acres of excellent meadow are made. The improvements are a good barn, a convenient dwelling house and an Apple Orchard of the choicest fruit. There is a spring of excellent water near the House. This Land is fertile, and for healthiness of situation not surpassed by any in Berkeley County. Possession may be had in April next—an indisputable title will be made the purchaser, the terms, which will be advantageous, will be made known, by the subscriber living on the premises. JOSEPH SHOUGH. October 26, 1804.
PRINTING. In all its variety, executed at this Office with correctness and expedition.
L A N D S
to be had SEVEN YEARS for improving them. THE Subscriber proposes to put up on improvement, the following tracts of Land, viz. (1st 435 acres.) Situate on a run leading into the north side of Crooked Creek, about 4 miles distance from the mouth of said Creek, to the Allegany River, and 3 miles to the county town of Kittanning, now Armstrong County. Adjoining lands of the following warrantees, Charles Grub, Robert S. Steel, Jacob Rudolph, Jacob Numenger, Jacob Lintig, John Smith. This tract will be put out 70 acres to each family. The distance from Pittsburgh to Kittanning Town 35 miles. (2d 425 acres) Situate on Crooked Run leading into the Kishmenetas, about a mile from the mouth of said run, now Armstrong County, adjoining lands of the following warrantees, John Scotter, James Clark, Thomas Duncan, Rachel Smith. Also two tracts in Hempfield and Rostrover Townships, Westmoreland County Pennsylvania, warranted in the name of Robert Smith. The advantages of those waters opens a connection with the Lakes, and the salt works in the State of New York—as well as ship building at Pittsburgh, six large vessels nearly built, and a number more to be built, this is a healthy country as is in the U. S. Conditions on which families may settle on said Lands. They may have it for seven years, to make such improvements as suit themselves excepting they are bound to plant Five fruit trees, for every acre they clear, and in default in not raising said fruit trees, or keeping up such as may be destroyed &c. to pay Five dollars for every such tree. Any person may settle on said Lands for seven years, provided they fulfil the said terms,—by enquiring of the clerk of the commissioners of the county of Westmoreland, at Greensburgh, or of the county surveys or Mr. Ross, at the Kittanning town, who will point out to them the said tracts of Land. The said lands will be sold in eight years according to Will. ROBERT SMITH. Nov. 16th.
TUNSTALL'S PATENT THRESHING MACHINE.
WILLIAM TUNSTALL , Citizen of Virginia, has obtained, from the President of the United States, a Patent for an improvement which he has made in the construction of THRESHING MACHINES. Having devoted five years attention to this business, and experienced the utility of this Machine, he can say with confidence, that it will be found, upon trial, superior to any, the operations of which, he has had an opportunity of observing, in this, or any other country. Tunstall's Machine will thresh out TWO HUNDRED BUSHELS of WHEAT per diem. And it also threshes so much cleaner than any other Machine, that the money paid for one will be saved, even in the threshing of a very small quantity of grain. The saving in very large crops, will be readily seen to be proportionally great.— WILLIAM TUNSTALL therefore solicits the attention of Country Gentlemen, and Mill-Wrights. Mechanics of respectability or others desirous of purchasing Patent-Rights, or Licenses to make and vend the same, will meet with liberal terms. Good Workmen only are requested to apply, that no injury may be done to the credit of the improvement by unskillful workmanship. Letters post paid addressed to William Tunstall, Richmond, Virginia, will be punctually attended to. N. B. Any person presuming to construct vend Tunstall's Patent Threshing Machine , will be dealt with according to law. October 26, 1804.
Any person wishing to contract for the right of using the above Machine, will please apply to ALEXANDER PORTERFIELD , near Martinsburg, who is duly authorised to dispose of Patent rights. The following BLANKS , printed with NEW and ELEGANT TYPE, are always kept for sale at this Office: DEEDS, Common BONDS, Apprentices INDENTURES, Promissory NOTES, &c. &c. &c.
NEW BOOKS.
J. ALBURTIS, Has just received from the City of Philadelphia, an additional supply of BOOKS and STATIONARY, warranted at the Philadelphia and Baltimore retail prices; Consisting in part of: War's French Revolution, Washington's Letters, Biographical Charts, Mavor's Universal History, Common Prayer Books, bound in Morocco and elegantly gilt, Gifford's Juvenal, Bloomfield's Farmer's Boy, Poems, Some New Novels, a number of New Plays, &c. &c. A great variety of CHAP BOOKS. Common Writing, thick Post, and Letter Paper. Wafers and Sealing Wax, Red and Black Ink-Powder. Ink-Sand, Quills, &c. &c. &c.
He has also on hand, A Brief Retrospect of the eighteenth century; in two elegant octavo volumes, containing a sketch of the Revolutions and improvements in Science, Arts, and Literature, during that period. Public Characters containing memoirs of Charles J. Fox, William Pitt, Dr. Erasmus Darwin, Henry Dundas, Dr. John Wolcott, William Herschel, Marquis Cornwallis, Joseph Priestly, Mr. D'Israeli, Lord Nelson, Gilbert Wakefield, Earl St. Vincent, Robert Southey, Wm. Godwin, William Cowper, Warren Hastings, Sir Ralph Abercrombie, Dr. James Gregory, Dr. William Mavor, Lord Grenville, Duke of Bridge Water, Thomas Jefferson, Bushrod Washington, Edmund Randolph, Dr. Hugh Blair, Sir Joseph Banks, Henry Addington, John Horn Tooke, General Bowles, Count Rumford, Dr. James Beattie, Dr. Samuel L. Mitchell, Dr. Jenner, General Ira Allen, Earl Stanhope, Mr. Curran, &c. Temple of Nature, a new Poetical work by Dr. Darwin, with superb plates. Letters of Junius, Massillon's Sermons, Literary Magazine, Nos. 1 2 3 and 4. Sturm's Reflections for every day in the year. Antient and Modern Europe, Tucker's Blackstone, Wilson's Egypt, Domestic Encyclopedia, in 5 volumes, Select British Classics, in 38 volumes, with 76 elegant engravings.
AN account of Travels into the interior of Southern Africa, in the years 1797 and 1798, including observations on the Geology and Geography of the Southern part of that Continent; the natural history of such objects as occurred in the Animal, Vegetable, and Mineral kingdoms; and sketches of the Physical and Moral Characters of the various tribes of inhabitants surrounding the settlement of the Cape of Good Hope. To which is annexed, a description of the present state, population and produce of that extensive colony; with a Map, constructed entirely from actual observations, made in the course of the Travels.—By John Barrow. Wortman's Political Enquiry, and the Liberty of the Press. The History of the British Empire, from the year 1765 to the end of 1783, containing an Impartial History of the Origin, Progress and Termination of the American Revolution, in two large octavo volumes, with elegant likenesses of Washington and Franklin. An Essay on the causes of the variety of Complexion and Figure in the Human Species. Addison's Evidences of the Christian Religion. Debates on the Louisiana Treaty, D'Israeli's Poems, Ten Volumes of "Select Novels," Spectator, Don Quixote, Abbe Raynal, Nocturnal Visit, Jane Talbot, Emmeline, Don Raphael, Maid of Bristol, Chains of the heart, Review, House to be sold, and Mrs. Wiggins. Bibles, Testaments, Baltimore Collection of Hymns, for the use of the Methodist Church, Dilworth's and Webster's Spelling Books, Gunter's Scale, Cases of Mathematical Instruments—Large and Small hand Copies for the use of Schools, Workman's Arithmetic, adapted to the commerce of the United States, Young Man's Companion, Art of Speaking, American Preceptor, Aesop's Fables. Martinsburg, August 17, 1804.

GENERAL HAMILTON.
R. FOLWELL INFORMS the friends and admirers of the late Alexander Hamilton, that he has made arrangements to publish an elegant engraving of that gentleman, from an approved likeness. That he has employed one of the best artists, who has already given to the public many specimens, acknowledged to be equal in execution to the works of the best English engravers, and more faithful to the original.
The price to those gentlemen who wish to subscribe will be four dollars per sheet, or eight dollars elegantly framed and glazed. The first thirty plates will be considered as proof plates, and sold at six dollars in sheets or ten dollars framed. The size will be 16 by 13 inches clear of the frame. The engravings will be given from the press in rotation according to the priority of subscription. Subscriptions received at the Office of the Intelligencer.
TO BE SOLD,
At public sale, on the first day of November Court, on the Premises, THE subscriber's stone house 30 feet by 43 1-2 also his frame house, joining the same, 30 feet by 14 feet together with the ground whereon they stand, with convenient stables an excellent stone milk house, and other necessary buildings. Each of these houses are calculated for two tenements, or they may both be occupied as one, if the stone-house, should be used as a tavern, for which it would answer exceedingly well. There is an excellent well of water on the lot, which supplies these houses, and about 40 or 50 families more for 2 dollars a year, each family paid in advance. The waste water from constant drawing supplies the milk-house, with an abundance of water for that purpose. The payments to be two hundred pounds in hand, and the same sum yearly until the whole purchase money is paid. Also will be sold the ground adjoining the said premises whereon the house stood, that was lately destroyed, by fire at the same time. The houses are insured and premiums paid, and policies ready to be assigned, with the fee simple to the purchaser. Indisputable title, will be given the purchaser on the first payment, on given Bond and approved security. ROBERT WILCOX. Martinsburg, October 29th 1804.
Fusquerora FULLING MILL.
THE Subscriber respectfully informs his friends, and the public in general, that he still continues to carry on the Fulling and Dying business at Edward Beeson's Fulling Mill, within sight of Martinsburg. The mill is in complete order and is furnished with soap, dyestuffs and every thing necessary for carrying on the business, which he hopes will enable him to give general satisfaction. JONATHAN WICKERSHAM. Wanted, as an apprentice to the fulling business a boy of 14 to 16 years of age. Nov. 3,
EARTHEN WARE MANUFACTORY,
Near the head of Dry Run and four and an half miles from Martinsburg. THE subscriber respectfully informs the public, that he has now got his POTTERY in complete order, and has on hand a very good assortment of excellent ware, and means to keep a constant supply. It will be much to the advantage of purchasers of this commodity to call on him, as he can sell ware at a cheaper rate than it can be bought at a distance. A considerable reduction will be made to those who purchase by the quantity to sell again. This being the only establishment of the kind in Berkeley County, and the ware made at it, of as good, perhaps a better quality, and at a lower price, than that made at a distance, he hopes that the efforts he is making to accommodate the people of this County, will not go unrewarded. CYRUS FARR. May 11, 1804.
Fresh Fall Goods.
The subscriber respectfully acquaints his friends and the public that he has just received and is now opening a very general assortment of FALL and WINTER GOODS, which he will dispose of on reasonable terms. JEREMIAH EVANS. Martinsburg, November 9, 1804. Being extremely anxious to settle his accounts, he earnestly requests all those who stand indebted to him, to come forward immediately and discharge their respective dues. J. EVANS.
Public Sale.
Will be sold at public Vendue on Monday the 19th inst. AT the late dwelling plantation of Samuel Christy deceased on Tuckaroa, 5 miles from Martinsburg and one from Huffman's Mill, a number of horses, cows, hogs, and sheep, and a variety of other articles too numerous to mention. Nine months credit will be given, the purchaser to give bond with approved security. The sale will begin at nine o'clock,—due attendance will be given by ROBERT CHRISTY and EBENEZER CHRISTY. Admrs. Nov. 9th 1804.
Will be Sold,
At public Vendue, on the last day of the present month, AT the subscribers plantation near the Cross-roads, on the road leading to Shepherds Town, a number of excellent draft horses, some riding horses and brood mares, a waggon and gears, 5 or 600 bushels of Corn, a number of Sheep, with a variety of Farming utensils and household furniture. A reasonable credit will be given, the purchaser to give bond with approved security—terms will be made known on the day of sale. The sale to begin at 9 o'clock. SAMUEL VEAL. Nov. 9th 1804.
NOTICE.
By virtue of a Deed of trust, to us executed by Matthew Whiting, we shall proceed to sell at public Auction at the mansion house of the late William Henshaw, deceased, on Saturday the 15th day of January next, for cash, one Negro boy named Prince, the property of said Whiting. Due attendance will be given by Adam S. Henshaw. Washington Henshaw. Berkeley County, Nov. 9th 1804.
LANDS FOR SALE.
THE subscriber wishes to sell the Plantation whereon he now lives, situate on Back Creek, Berkeley County, 7 miles from Martinsburg and 15 from Bath, containing 333 acres of good strong Lime-stone Land, well watered, with at least 7 springs—150 acres are cleared and well enclosed, 8 acres of Meadow are made, and more Meadow land; the remainder of the tract is well covered with fine timber.—On the premises are a convenient Dwelling House, newly finished, Kitchen, a large Barn, Distillery, Fulling Mill, and some out houses, with a number of Fruit trees.—There is a good mill-seat, with a sufficiency of water, on this tract. He will also sell one other tract of Land, situate on the river Potomac, near Richardson's Ferry, containing 108 acres, 40 of which are cleared, the greater part river bottom, the remainder of the Land is well timbered, and has a large sugar-camp on it—a small House is now built, and logs ready for raising a larger one. For terms apply to the subscriber. WILLIAM SNODGRASS. Back Creek, June 23, 1804.
FOR SALE,
On a credit of six months, by giving bond with approved security, One Thousand Dollars worth of Prime Soal Leather, Chiefly Spanish Hides. JOHN O'FERRALL. N.B. A constant supply of all kinds of LEATHER ready for sale. Those indebted to me, are, for the last time, requested to pay up their accounts. J. O'FERRALL. Martinsburg, August 3, 1804.
NOTICE.
THE subscriber some time since purchased a Cow, from John Miller, of Back Creek, Berkeley County, and gave his note for 16 dollars payable in 9 months after date—and it since appearing that the said Miller had no right to said cow, she having been taken in execution by the Constable previous to his getting possession of her, in consequence of which she has been taken from him. This is therefore to caution the public from taking an assignment on said note, as I am determined not to pay it unless compelled by law. MARTIN SMURR. Martinsburg, October 26, 1804.
A GREAT BARGAIN.
THE subscriber will sell low the HOUSE in which he now lives at the East end of the Court-House, fronting on the Public-Square and Queen-Street, and but a few poles from the Market-House; the building is almost new, made of frame weather-boarded, and painted white, a capacious and convenient Store-room laid off on the public corner, there are two other rooms on the lower floor, and three on the second, with convenient back buildings; the stand for a store is equal, and perhaps more pleasantly situated, than any other in this place. JAMES ANDERSON. Martinsburg, October 26, 1804.
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away from the subscriber's plantation near Martinsburg, about the 1st ult. a Negro Man, named BOB. About twenty-two years of age, five feet nine or ten inches high, very straight, well made and active, has a sulky look and is very black; the middle finger of his right hand has been cut off above the second joint, and I am told he has lost a toe off his right foot. His clothing not particularly recollected. It is probable he may procure a pass and attempt to impose himself on the public as a freeman. He has been in the habit of running away before I purchased him, and once got as far as Bedford County, Pennsylvania. I will give ten dollars should he be taken within the County of Berkeley, if thirty miles from Martinsburg twenty dollars, if sixty miles thirty dollars, and if a greater distance the above reward and all reasonable charges. MATTHEW RANSONE. September 10, 1804.
FOR SALE,
A TRACT of 207 acres of good lime stone Land, lying 6 miles from Shepherd Town, on the main road leading from thence to Charles Town, Jefferson County 160 acres of which are cleared, and a proportionable quantity of Meadow Land, well enclosed and in good farming condition. There are 4 good springs on the land a good bearing Apple Orchard—and some other fruit Trees. Two convenient dwelling houses, barn and other out buildings. For terms apply to the subscriber living on the premises. MASON BENNET. October 26th, 1804.
A GREAT BARGAIN.
THE subscriber residing in the State of Ohio, at present in this county, and having a determination to sell his plantation situate at the Bridge on Opeckon Creek, Berkeley County, will give a great bargain of the said Land to any person inclining to purchase. This tract contains, 373 acres, more than 200 acres of which are cleared, about 70 acres of good bottom land, all of which can easily be converted into meadow. The above land can be so divided as to form two good farms, the whole clear of incumbrance, and possession can be had immediately. As it is presumed no person will purchase without first viewing the property, it is not tho' necessary to descend to further particulars. The seller will remain on or near the premises until the 20 November next, and will contract with any person wishing to purchase. DANIEL VAN METRE. October 26th 1804.
CASH
Given for clean Linen and Cotton RAGS. At the Office of the INTELLIGENCER
The subscribers once more solicit leave to return thanks to a liberal and generous Public for the extensive encouragement experienced since commencement in the Mercantile business—
They have just received, and are now opening a very extensive and general assortment of FALL and WINTER GOODS,
all of the latest importations, well selected and purchased at the City of Philadelphia by the acting partner of the firm. As the present existing firm will shortly be dissolved by agreement, and as no accounts can be opened in future, the whole of the above mentioned assortment will be disposed of on the most reasonable terms for Cash, either by retail, piece, or package.—It is most probable, as the goods wares and merchandise have been purchased with ready money, and at the best markets, the public will be interested (particularly at this time) to contribute a generous share of custom. THOMAS SMITH, & Co. Martinsburg, October 26, 1804.
THAT well-known House and Lot, situate on the corner of Queen and Burke streets, and which is at present in the occupancy of Thomas Smith, & Co. will be sold on the most reasonable terms, and possession given on the first day of March next. It is thought unnecessary to describe the conveniencies and the late improvements made on the said property—its situation and present improved state will be a sufficient recommendation.—A Stand so eligible for public business, and not excelled, if equalled, by any in this town, will be the greatest inducement to procure a purchaser or purchasers. An indisputable right will be made in fee-simple. For terms apply to Thomas Smith. THOMAS SMITH, & Co.
TAKE NOTICE.
ALL those that became purchasers at my sale, on the 3d of March last will remember, that their Notes and Bonds became due, on the 1st of this instant, and as I am necessitated for money, I hope they will come forward, and make payment on or before the 8th day of November next.—If not I will be obliged to put their Notes & Bonds into the hands of proper officers for recovery, which I hope will not be left in my power. JOHN ROBINSON. October 26th, 1804.
NOTICE.
THOSE who purchased at the sale of Mr. John Mark in November last, will recollect that their notes became due the 15th day of August.—They are lodged in my hands for collection, and I am directed to give notice that unless they are discharged in a short time, suits will be indiscriminately brought for their recovery. All others who are indebted to Mr. Mark, either by bond, note, or otherwise, are also informed that I am authorized to collect the same, and that very little longer indulgence can be given. JOHN BAKER. Shepherd's Town, October 26, 1804.
J. ALBURTIS, Has just received from E. Lee, & Co. New-York, A very large and general supply of their much-approved of PATENT
MEDICINES.
Which will be constantly kept for sale at his Printing-Office. MARTINSBURG, Berkeley County Virginia: Printed and published by JOHN ALBURTIS.
TERMS OF THE INTELLIGENCER,
The price of this Paper is two dollars per annum, one dollar payable at the time of subscribing, and one when the year expires. Distant subscribers pay for the whole year in advance. The price of Advertisements, to non-subscribers, is one dollar per square for three weeks insertion, and for continuance after that time 25 cents per week; Subscribers will continue to receive a reduction of one fourth on their advertisements.