The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1792-03-27 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
TUESDAY MARCH 27, 1792.
[NUMBER 72—VOL. 2.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
TO BE RENTED, For one or more years, and possession given the 1st day of APRIL next, A PLANTATION, On which are 130 acres of clear land, some meadow, and other suitable improvements, lying four miles from this town. For Terms, apply to HENRY BEDINGER. Shepherd's-Town, March 14th, 1792.
NOTICE is hereby given, that the subscriber some time in the month of September, in the year 1787, passed a bond to a certain William Eatings , of this County, for thirteen pounds four shillings , current money of Pennsylvania , for part pay of a House and Lot in the town of Martinsburg , and as the greatest part of the said bond is paid, and he not making me a good title for said Lot, I do forewarn any person taking any assignment on said bond, as I am determined not to pay it until compelled by law.
ANTONY SNIDER.
Martinsburg, March 6, 1792.
N O T I C E. THE Subscriber, as he is obliged to be absent, has left his accounts with Mr. ZEBULON WARNER .—Those indebted are earnestly requested to settle immediately.
JOEL MUNSON.
Shepherd's Town, March 19, 1792.
COOPERS WANTED IMMEDIATELY. GOOD WAGES will be given to one or two JOURNEYMEN COOPERS, At Hirt's , by JOSEPH DEAN.
FOR SALE, A TRACT OF LAND, Lying on Catty Creek , in Harrison County, Virginia , containing ONE THOUSAND ACRES . As it is presumed that no person will purchase without viewing the premises, it is needless to say more than that it was surveyed early in the settlement of that country, and that an indisputable title will be given and the terms of payment made easy. Any person inclined to purchase, may see the Land, by applying to Mr. JOHN STEWART , near Morgan-Town , or treat with the Proprietor, living at Hager's-Town . WILLIAM BAIRD. 12th January, 1792.
TO BE SOLD, A SMALL PLANTATION, Situated about two miles from Shepherd's-Town . It contains 96 acres, 27 of which are cleared, has a log dwelling house thereon, is well timbered, tolerably well inclosed, and has a never failing spring running through a part of it. For terms of sale, apply to the Subscriber. JOSIAH THORNBOROUGH. Feb. 28, 1792.
NOTICE is hereby given to all those any way indebted to me, either by specialties or open accounts, that it is my most earnest desire they should make immediate payment.
The indulgence I have hitherto given has generally produced ingratitude, and experience proves that most of those indebted to me, would carry their ready money to any other store than mine.—The generality of those whom I formerly ranked among my best friends, and customers, are guilty of the greatest impositions on my good nature and credulity—those I would remind as well as all others in arrears, that the wanton withholding from me what is justly due, and what I ought long since to have had at my own disposal, is injuring me extremely in my present vocation.—I have determined to take all legal methods of compelling settlements as well as payments—all persons having claims against me are desired to bring in their accounts, that they may be satisfied.
HENRY BEDINGER.
Shepherd's-Town, February 20th, 1792.
The highest market prices will be given for produce in goods, or discounted for debts.
From the NATIONAL GAZETTE.
THOUGHTS on the present INDIAN WAR. By H. H. BRACKENRIDGE , of Pittsburg. BEING occasionally in this city, I feel myself compelled to give my sentiments on this subject—and I give my name in order to obtain confidence, because it is to be presumed that a man will not lightly avow what he has not weighed, and in which he has not confidence himself.
I am struck seeing in the Gazettes, extracts of letters that were never written, and paragraphs penned from ignorance or mistake of facts. Having resided some years in the western country, and being interested, I have thought much on the subject; and though I may not know more than the most ignorant man there, yet I am persuaded that I know more than the wisest man that has never been there.
The writers of extracts, and the paragraphists, in the first place endeavour to affect the public mind by holding up "the original right of these aborigines to the soil." It is a right of which I have never thought with much respect. It is like the claim of the children; it is mine, for I first saw it—or what hat of the Buffaloes might be, it is mine, for I have first run over it. I consider the earth as given to a man in common, and each should use his share, so as not to exclude others, and should be restricted to that mode of using it which is most favourable to the support of the greatest numbers, and consequently productive of the greatest sum of happiness, that is, the cultivation of the soil. I pay little regard therefore, to any right which is not founded in agricultural occupancy.
But supposing these natives to have had an absolute and exclusive right, is it not destroyed by a supervenient right on our part in consequence of our treaty with Great-Britain? During the war with that power, were not these natives the subsidiaries of the King of England; were they not, in his hand, as the tomahawk and scalping knife was in their's; Was not the territory in question, ceded by the superior power? Shall we treat with the principal, and make concessions in lieu of this concession—and shall we again treat with the subordinate, and purchase a treaty and concede to them also? Be it so; there is nothing to be said, 'for it has been done.'—What has appeared in the paper of the other day from the Secretary at War, has superceded me in illustrating this.
But as to treaties with these Indians under present circumstances, I can have no confidence in them—Why—Do not savages observe treaties?—No longer than the principle of fear operates, being insolent and more disposed to acquire by seizing than earning. But under present circumstances, all treaties with them must be nugatory. While Canada was in possession of the French, were not these Indians hostile to us, and regardless of all treaties, because it was not the interest of that nation that they should be at peace with us, when it was in their power to instigate them to war. Are we not at this time in the same situation with respect to the Indians, and the British in possession of Canada? Hence it is that it was expedient, and has been found practicable to establish treaties with the Creeks, or other nations remote from the British province. But with these Indians, treaties cannot be established, or if established, would not be observed.
Whether the British government has an eye to the territory ceded, I shall not say—I rather think not: but certainly it has an eye to the Indian trade, and on this account supports the savages. I shall not say that this is done directly by the Governor of Canada, or the commandant at Detroit, but certainly through the medium of the Indian agents, and with the knowledge and approbation of the ministry at home. Why else are the posts on the lakes not surrendered, when all pretence of the treaty not being fulfilled on our part is taken away? How have the Indians, north of the lakes, been excited, and brought to the Miami village to engage in the war?—certainly, not by the Shawanese or Wabank Indians, but by the voice of the British agents who had stores at Detroit to supply them; two stores called the King's with ammunition, cloathing, and provisions.—How have so large a body of Indians as met our army in the late engagement been supported, but by provisions from the King's stores? They have been supplied from a King's store, at what are called the Rapids, about sixty miles from the Miami towns. Would Canadian volunteers or militia march to aid these Indians and not the government solicit or enjoin it? That volunteers did turn out, as our phrase is, I know, though not to what amount they may have been in battle.
It is not a war, therefore, with Indians merely; it is a war with the British King under cover. Have we felt the jaw of the Lion, and shall we be still lashed with his tail?
With respect to the mode of war, still to be pursued: what? Precisely that which was adopted and pursued the last campaign, but the means different. More men and higher pay; because this will procure better men. A greater proportion of light-in-
fantry, or rifle corps would be advisable. But the system already adopted, and in part, executed, I approve. The establishment of forts in the country, and planting ourselves in the face of the British province, and convincing those Indians that a greater than the British, whom they now venerate, are now there.
It is suggested by paragraphists, that an incurive war of small parties with a premium for scalps, fighting the Indians in their own way, would be best. It might indeed, harass them, but from the circumstances stated, could produce no substantial and lasting effect. It is also contended that an incurive war of large bodies, in the manner of the Kentucky volunteers last year, would avail. I say not. I never considered the Kentucky expedition under Wilkinson or Scott as more than a flourish; honorable to those who went, but little serviceable to those at home. Indians are seldom surprised, or if in part, the whole object is the killing of a warrior or two, and the carrying off women and children; an incumbrance more than a spoil.
There are those who advocate, what is called a defensive war, by posts on the frontiers and ranging companies. I say the best defence is Offence. Instead of warding off blows, give one. If you could surround the frontier with a rank and file of men, like the wall of China, and take care that these should never sleep, you might expect something. But posts and ranging companies are but a help and no effectual defence. It is but watching beasts of prey, who come against our folds, instead of penetrating the forests were they haunt and extirpating the race.
With respect to the mode of war, I am confident the establishing ourselves in the face of Canada will alone be effectual; but, with respect to the route, would suggest, whether by the way of lake Erie would not have been advisable; that is, establishing a garrison at Presqu'ille and building armed vessels on the lakes, to transport troops and to convey provisions; again, a post on the west of the lake, and from thence, the progress to the Miami towns. At least, whether as things now stand, that route ought not to be embraced. I have not the smallest doubt, but that such effective arrangements are made for the ensuing summer, and that in the face of the Six Nations, and so as to speedily to strike them, they will avow themselves; for, I aver that except a few chiefs, they are in disposition hostile, and nothing but the principle of fear restrains them at this moment.
A garrison at Presqu'ille would secure their neutrality, or perhaps engage them to act in our favor. It is thrown out by the paragraphists, few of whom I take to be out of the city, that the possession and security of the western territory ought not to be an object with these States; we have, it seems, soil enough.—Be it so—I enquire only what are the best means of protecting the settlements on this side of the rivers?—I say the only means is by reaching the source of hostility, and taking the commanding ground of posts, to the westward.
But is not the government bound to give peaceable possession of the western soil to those to whom they have sold, and to their officers and soldiers to whom they have made grants? Shall every thing be done to support credit in making a liberal provision for the public debt; even though this has brought a great evil, fortunes rising like exhalations from the earth, by other means than common industry; and shall the public disregard their faith pledged in the case above mentioned?—All who wish the preservation of our confederacy, ought to feel an alarm at all ideas of dereliction of the claims and rights of any part of the community. The consequences may be fatal to all who have any hopes from government or interest in it.
It may be said that taking the way of the lakes, building armed vessels, and occupying posts in the neighbourhood of Niagara and Detroit, may involve us in a war with Britain.
Of that there is no danger. If our merchant men are in the power of the British navy, theirs are in the power of our privateers; and they get more by our imports from them in peace, than by the captures they could make in war; and the province of Canada, and the fur-trade of the west is a stake which they have to lose.
If the world has been astonished at our rising, if they have seen the meridian beams of our splendor in establishing public credit, let them not regret our meanness and want of spirit in suffering the outguards of our country, the frontier settlements to be cut to pieces by the axe of the savage, when the probability is, I think, certainty, that is put into their hands by our late inveterate, but discomfited enemy.
I beg the public to excuse these things written hastily; and let them have their weight with every humane and good man, which the reason of them may support. I say, humane; because I am persuaded humanity is not on the side of the savages, but on our side. They have been the aggressors. They are not to be appeased. They refuse all trea-

ty, or respect none. They cannot for it is not the will of those by whom they are impelled.
It is said, the British government cannot possibly countenance these people, for the commandant and officers at Detroit are humane to our prisoners, and actually purchased them at a great price from the Savages. No doubt—it is but a little matter, to redeem a captive, but a great master to have our armies defeated, and excluded from the country.
In looking over what I have written, there is no sentiment that I would retrench; but add one more, viz. Why dread the expence of an effective and lasting armament for the purposes suggested? The moment we take command of the savages, instead of leaving them to Britain, the fur-trade of the immense world of the west will amply repay us creating a trade to the sea coast parts, of which, at present, they have no idea. I say, take command of the Indians; the only way to which, is to place ourselves upon an equal ground with our rivals, and impress the savages with an opinion that we are, at least, an equal power. All treaty with them until they are humbled and reduced is absurd; and even then to be considered of duration no longer than while the external pressure of apprehended force keeps them down.
After some time, the interests of trade may conciliate and bind them; and we may have it in our power to make a proper use of these people.
Philadelphia, Jan. 31, 1792.
To the EDITOR of the
NATIONAL GAZETTE.
Sir,
OF the many newspaper advocates for the Indian war, I think there is no one who has stated the principles of it more candidly than Mr. Brackenridge in your last paper—he justifies it upon two grounds:
First, that the Indians never had any right to the soil; and secondly, if they ever had such right, it is destroyed by our treaty with Great-Britain.
Whatever colouring we may attempt to give the subject, I suspect we shall finally be obliged to depend, for our justification, in this war, upon the one or the other of these principles.
Mr. B. seems indeed to insinuate that the Indians have relinquished their lands to us by treaty, and that the Secretary at War has stated the whole transaction. But with his pretended knowledge of facts, Mr. B. ought at least to have known, that the Secretary does not, and could not, pretend that the Miami, or Wabash Indians, with whom we are at war, have ever relinquished any lands to us. The Secretary only suggests that a treaty was holden for that purpose and the above mentioned Indians were invited to attend the treaty, but they refused.
Have the Indians, then, no other right to the soil, than the Buffalo who has run over it?—Where did Mr. B. learn the doctrine that a right to the soil is acquired only by agricultural occupancy? If this doctrine is true, what right has the United States to an immense tract of uncultivated lands between the Atlantic settlements and the country claimed by the hostile Indians? In those stages of society, when men were hunters and shepherds, was there no possibility of their acquiring a right to the lands they lived upon? The idea is quite new to me—Mr. B. confesses that he lives in the western country, and that he is interested. I can readily believe him, and I presume no man will adopt his opinion who does not fall under the like description—The truth is, we have an undisputed title to a much greater quantity of land in proportion to our wants, than is possessed by the Indians; while that continues to be the case, we can have no pretence to encroach upon their territory.
In the next paragraph we are told, that the Indian right is destroyed by our treaty with the King of Great-Britain. But was it possible for the King to alienate what he never owned?—The King never claimed a right to the soil in the cause of Great-Britain (which was far from being the case) the treaty, instead of forfeiting, would have secured their rights, for it expressly stipulates that there shall be no future confiscations made, nor any prosecutions commenced against any person or persons, for or by reason of the part which he or they may have taken in the war, and that no person shall on that account, suffer any future loss or damage, either in his person, liberty or property. Can there be any colour then to suggest that the title of the Indians to their lands, was destroyed by this treaty?
Mr. B. avers, that except a few chiefs, the Six Nations are in disposition hostile to us—I am convinced there is no reason for this averment, but I fear the opinion he entertains will produce a scene like that exhibited in the Moravian towns on the Muskingum in the year 1782.—Have we not enemies enough, without encreasing the number? Or do the people of Pittsburg covet the small tract that is still possessed by the Six Nations?
The Indians are denominated "beasts of prey," and we are encouraged "to penetrate the forests where they haunt and extirpate the race." Good God! is this our temper towards these unfortunate people? Sentiments like these have in former ages rendered man a savage to man.—It is supposed they have given birth to the present war; and if these sentiments continue to operate, we may perhaps effect our purpose and extirpate the whole race of Indians. But if we do so, and God is just, we shall surely receive for the wrong that we have done, of Him, with whom there is no respect of persons.
Philadelphia, Feb. 3, 1792.
Foreign Advices.
CONSTANTINOPLE, Sept. 10
THE plague which still rages in this capital, has carried off a number of persons residing near the Dutch Ambassador's hotel. Its ravages in Egypt have been terrible; the number of persons destroyed is estimated at 200 000, among which are 20 000 soldiers and mariners, and 12 Beys. In the Morea most of the inhabitants have fled to escape the contagion.
LONDON, Dec. 10.
The Americans are about to establish a mint. This is one of the prerogatives of sovereignty which they have not exercised hitherto, being content to make use of the English and Spanish coin, which they procure in exchange for their commodities.
The Prince Bishop of Liege is said to have put the press under some very galling restrictions.—Every book-seller is to give an account of his stock in trade when called on; no package of books imported is to be opened, but in the presence of an Inspector, who has full power to destroy whatever he conceives to be dangerous: no man is to exercise the trade of a book-seller without a licence from the Vicar-General; and every printer and book-seller is to take an oath not to print, sell, or keep in his custody any thing not approved of by the Vicar-General, or his Commissaries.
The following singular and melancholy case occurred about three weeks since in the neighborhood of Drumcondra in Ireland: Miss E. Sandwich, the only daughter of an opulent farmer, was bit by a mad cat. The animal was killed, and some time elapsed without any apprehensions being entertained of the consequences. At length, however, symptoms of the hydrophobia appeared, and in about a week after the died. During her illness the scene was truly melancholy; at times she appeared in full exercise of her senses; at others she mewed like a cat, and seemed, with the poison to have imbibed the propensities of that animal. During a paroxysm of her disorder she seized the hand of her mother, and bit it in so shocking a manner, that immediate amputation was deemed necessary.
A contract for thirty thousand Aristocratical regimentals is now executing in Greek-street; but it is not probable they will be stained with Democratic blood till the spring meeting on Champ de Mars!
A similar contract for fire arms is in execution at Birmingham. The order is for 25 000 stand, and they are supposed to be for the use of the army of the French Princes.
That death should be in Aristocrat seems rather extraordinary:—We rather take the grim tyrant to be a furious Democrat who levels all distinctions, and pays very little respect even to the Grand Monarque!
A very curious comment is made in one of yesterday's papers, on enlisting men in this country to serve in the army of the French Princes. The writer calls this an outrage, but at the same time confesses that making and selling 25 000 stand of arms in Birmingham for those Princes, is no outrage at all. Pray of what use would the men be without arms?
Mr. Oswald, formerly an officer in the British service, professes in a letter to the French National Assembly, to have discovered a principle in the TACTICS, by which all military evolutions can be performed with much more precision than the rules now in practice, and with double the velocity, that is to say, in half time, and with double the force. In half an hour a man of moderate capacity may make himself master of this principle, and in less than six weeks, six hundred thousand men might be taught to perform every possible movement, much better than the best disciplined troops in Europe. Such is the Author's own account of the discovery, the truth of which he offers to demonstrate to the Diplomatic and Military Committees.
Letter of Tippoo Saib to M. D. Coffigny, Governor of the Isle of France.
There is said to be a copy of a letter in the hands of our Ministers, transmitted to them by Mr. Delefaert, and which was brought home in the Meduse. It is the copy of letter from Tippoo, to his friend M. D. Coffigny. We have not seen it, but the substance of it is said to be as follows:
After speaking of the unjust, unprovoked, and sanguinary war in which he is involved, and which he attributes, from certain documents, which he says he has in his hand, to a meditated plan of rapacity formed in Europe, he tells him of a slight skirmish he had with Earl Cornwallis on the 13th of May. The affair he states is only worthy of detail from the signal advantage to him, with which it has been accompanied. He had no intention of making his stand against the enemy until he had crossed the river; but this he resolved not to do till the last moment, as well knowing that in his uncertain climate, circumstances might arise, of which it might be for his interest to take instantaneous advantage. But seeing the enemy advanced, he resolved, to cross the river, and he posted some regiments on the heights to cover his passage. This they did effectually, for with the utmost order and regularity, in the face of the British army, and without any redoubts to cover him, he carried over 70 000 horse and 60 000 pieces of cannon, his camp equipage,
provisions, and followers—and necessarily took up the greatest part of the day, they did not molest his passage, nor give him the slightest interruptions; the regiments he had posted on the heights, having, by the gallantry kept up a sufficient employment, and who seeing the objects for which they were appointed happily accomplished, retired, and followed themselves in the same order, with but little loss. Though they had been engaged for several hours, their whole loss in killed and wounded amounted only to 375, and the next day his army, perfectly refreshed, animated by the glorious achievement of the day before, formed and prepared for a regular attack; but no attempt was made by the enemy, and in three days he learned of their distress. Their loss had been greater than his in the skirmish on the heights—Five sixths of their bullocks had died or were rendered useless—and his men having been employed in carrying that instead of rice, were destitute of every necessary of life.
In this critical moment he lamented that he had crossed the river, for it was his immediate object to cut off General Abercrombie, prevent a junction between Earl Cornwallis and the Mahrattas, of whom he had never lost sight for an hour. He instantly recrossed a number of his horse, but what he foresaw did happen; the Cavery filled so much by the showers that fell on the 22d and 23d, that he found it impossible to accomplish what he intended, and which in four hours more would have enabled him to starve the whole British army into a surrender.
Correspondence between Earl Cornwallis and Tippoo Saib.
Earl Cornwallis wrote a letter to Tippoo, which he sent across the rivers along with the sick of Tippoo's army who had been left in the field of battle. He assured the tyrant that they had received all the assistance and attention which was possible in their unpleasant circumstances to give—not so good treatment, undoubtedly, as it was the wish of an English army to give to those whom the chance of war had thrown into their power, but they had received the same treatment as their own sick.
Tippoo answered; that his heart was warmed by the kindness which the Earl had shown to the sick; that it had ever been his desire to treat prisoners with humanity and tenderness; and that whenever he had acted with severity, it was when he was obliged, by way of example, to chastise some unprovoked cruelty committed on his people. He heard of the unpleasant circumstances of the English army with pain, and begged leave to offer to the noble Earl a present of fruit; that, from the beginning of this unjust war, he had manifested his sincere wishes for peace, and that even now he had the same sentiments of moderation as ever; that, as he said before, the thoughts of the heart could not be so well communicated by writing as by conversation, and therefore he still proposed to send a person of high rank to his excellency to confer on the terms of peace.
Earl Cornwallis replied, that he would not receive a person to confer on peace. If Tippoo had any propositions to make, he must put them in writing as he must submit them to his allies, without whose concurrence he could enter into no negotiation whatever.
Tippoo said, in answer, that it was impossible that his excellency could meet with any difficulty to a negotiation for peace in the Nizam, or the Mahrattas, as there were treaties of friendship subsisting between them and him which he had never violated; and he renewed again his offer of sending an ambassador to treat.
This was refused; and Earl Cornwallis writes to the presidency, "That the tyrant was not prepared to make the sacrifices that the confederates might think they had a right to expect."
CONGRESS.
SENATE.
THURSDAY, March 1.
Mr. Sherman, from the joint committee appointed to consider and report what business is necessary to be done by Congress in the present session, and what part of the business now depending may be without great inconvenience postponed to the next session of Congress, that the proceedings may be so regulated as to close this session, by the first Tuesday of April next,—Reported, and the report was read, and ordered to lie for consideration.
The report is as follows:
1 A bill for regulating processes in the Courts of the United States 2 A bill on the report of the secretary of the treasury, on the subject of the public debt 3 Amendments to the excise act 4 The bill for the protection of the frontiers 5 An act for apportioning the number of representatives 6 A bill providing for the settlement of claims of persons under particular circumstances, barred by the resolves of limitation 7 A bill for the relief of certain widows, orphans, invalids, and other persons 8 A bill to regulate the claims to half pay and invalid pensioners 9 A bill to compensate the officers of the customs 10 A bill for compensating the loan officers 11 A bill for registering vessels 12 A bill for regulating the coasting trade 13 A bill for regulating the militia

 14 A bill for establishing a mint  15 A bill to provide the monies necessary for protecting the frontiers  16 A bill for making alterations in the treasury and war department. 
The Committee further report, that in their opinion, it will be expedient to attend to the following business during the present session, if it can be done before the first Tuesday of April next, at which time the two Houses have proposed to adjourn.
 1. A bill respecting fugitives from justice.  2. A bill concerning the office of Attorney-General.  3. A bill to reimburse the expences of the late commissioners for trading with the Creek Indians.  4. A bill granting further compensations to certain receivers of continental taxes.  5. A bill for giving efficacy to certain acts of Georgia, Maryland, and Rhode-Island.  6. A bill concerning consuls and vice consuls.  7. The report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the subject of manufactures.  8. A bill to direct the finishing a light-house on Bald Head, in North-Carolina.  The Committee are further of opinion, that the consideration of the following subjects may, without inconvenience, be postponed until the next session.  1. A bill to regulate trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes.  2. A bill to establish a land office for the sale of the Western Lands.  3. A bill respecting bankruptcy.  4. The Attorney-General's Report on the judicial system.  5. Propositions of amendments to the constitution. 
NEW-YORK, March 1.
The French minister of marine, says a London paper, has sent a letter to the editor of one of the Paris papers to contradict the report of a great number of naval officers having quitted the service. He affirms, that not a single naval officer has deserted his post; that many that are absent, were compelled to leave their ordinary places of residence, by violence offered to their persons, or their property, and would return as soon as they know they could do so with safety; and that others had informed him of the means by which his Majesty's orders might be transmitted to them, with assurance that they would go wherever his Majesty should think proper to employ them in the service of their country.
The Indians settled at Brothertown in Harkemer county we are told, have sent a petition to the legislature, praying to be put on the footing of free white citizens, except that they do not with the privilege of selling their lands. They state as reasons for being admitted as free citizens, that they have been brought up in a civilized life, and that they profess the Christian religion. Many of the Indians settled at Brothertown can read and write, and some of them speak the English language with no small degree of grammatical propriety.
Last Thursday morning, the 18th inst. a gentleman of this city, passing through Cortlandt street, was accosted by a female, who solicited change for a dollar, he readily complied with her request: She then replied, "that upon recollection, she had not occasion for it," when, instead of returning the money he had given her, the artfully substituted four counterfeit quarter dollars, which was then unperceived; a few hours afterward she was apprehended, and carried before Alderman Woll.
PHILADELPHIA, March 9.
The Frontier bill is not lost in the senate, as was reported a few days since. Part only was rejected in committee of the whole. Mistakes of this kind would not so often happen, were the doors of the senate kept open.
Extract of a letter, dated Cape Francois, 24th January, 1792.
"Referring to a few lines I wrote you two weeks ago, by way of Baltimore, I have now to add, that prospects here in almost every respect, are daily growing more distressing: the troops expected from France have not arrived, and the people are almost ready to doubt their coming.
"I am truly sorry that I, as well as many others, have been too sanguine in my expectations, respecting matters being accommodated with the Blacks, because I am fearful it may have induced to advise you to adventure property to this port sooner than you would otherwise have done. The treaty with them is entirely laid aside, and they have again began their depredations with additional vigor. Last week the Blacks revolted in the neighbourhood of Fort Dauphin, and immediately put to death all the troops, say from 40 to 50, that were stationed at a village about four leagues from that post, and have destroyed all the plantations in that quarter, except a few adjoining the town. Two nights ago we were exceedingly alarmed at this place by a severe attack on the out posts of this town, by the Blacks, who succeeded in getting possession of one of the small forts, when they turned the guns on the town; but fortunately it was again retaken by a party of regular troops. Last night this town was again alarmed by small parties of Blacks, but who were soon repulsed.
"I am of opinion, that unless a large force from France arrives very soon, the town as well as the shipping will be in danger. Indeed I am very uneasy as to our situation, and have determined, if we can get the vessel cleared out, to proceed to St. Thomas, or to some other more peaceable island, and not return before the arrival of the fleet. Flour is very dull, at 5 3/4 to 6 dollars per barrel. Capt
Lowery, in a Schooner, and the brig Keziah, both from Wilmington, Delaware; also a ship and a Schooner from Baltimore, have within a few days arrived here with flour.
"Capt. Lownesbury, and several others have gone to Leeward, where I understand matters still remain in much confusion. All kinds of produce is very scarce and high; there is no good sugars to be had, and very little molasses.
"The day the insurrection happened at Fort Dauphin, I put 100 barrels of flour on board Brig Pratt, who was going to that place with a view of purchasing some molasses, without knowing any thing of the attack; when she arrived there, all was disorder and confusion, so that it was with much difficulty we got away, on account that the inhabitants were hourly in expectation of being attacked.
"It is reported here, and I believe from pretty good authority, that Capt. T. and the supercargo of a Schooner belonging to your port are close prisoners, and that the Schooner is confiscated, on account of trading with those opposed to the whites."
TO THE PUBLIC.
I have just seen a letter addressed to the Secretary at War, by Ensign John Morgan, of the 1st U. States-regt. in which (after paying himself some pretty little compliments) he offers himself as an evidence to prove that I did not receive my order from General Butler on the evening previous to the defeat of our army; and that I did not on my return to camp make my report to him. Merely to contradict this would answer no purpose, but I flatter myself that the affidavits of a number of the officers and gentlemen of the army, directly contradict what he has asserted, and explaining the whole of the business will convince the Public that I did my duty like an honest man and like a soldier, and that what he says he will prove, is false. Some of the gentlemen, whose evidence in this case I shall want, live at a distance, I must therefore beg the Public to suspend their opinion on the subject, till they can be interrogated, &c.
I am the Public's most humble servant, JACOB SLOUGH, late Captain 2d United States regiment of levies.
March 3.
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, March 27.
One of the plans laid before the legislature of the United States, by M. D. L. Morel, for civilizing the Indians, is said to be the encouraging whites to intermarry with them. This it is well known, was the former policy among the French when they held Canada, and operated so powerfully in attaching the Indian tribes to that nation, that they could at all times command them, to the prejudice of the English. Hence too, it is thought, originated the filial style of affection in use among the savages to the French monarch, whom they always termed their father, whereas it was by dint of great presents only that they could be brought to call the king of England their brother.
Amongst the various changes occasioned by the revolution (say French papers) may be reckoned the extinction of the Gazette de France, which had subsisted for a century and an half. It was by far the most ancient of any newspaper in being; originated with the learned Renancot, and was always known as the official paper of government.
The noted lunatic, Frith, who has been imprisoned some years in Newgate, for throwing a stone at his majesty, the King of Great Britain, was lately liberated, after trial for high treason. In a speech made to the court, he complained much of the hardship of his case, in not being tried by a court martial, instead of what he termed, a court of common law.
A London paper of the 19th of November, mentions the total destruction of the town of Manila, in the Spanish Philippine islands. This was reckoned one of the richest cities in the Indies; and it is said the Spanish government take extraordinary pains to conceal the event, as it will occasion a considerable illock through the mercantile part of the kingdom.
Sundry papers, we hear, are now before the Senate of the United States, relating to the formation of a treaty of pacification with the kingdom of Algiers.
THE Public are hereby cautioned against purchasing Coffee via Alexandria, without inspection, as some of that article has been purchased there which contain as many small pebbles of the exact colour of the Coffee as will make perhaps one tenth the weight.
From the UNIVERSAL ASYLUM. CURIOUS ANECDOTE respecting a DUEL.
The late Mr. B-t-l, of Philadelphia, was challenged to fight a duel, upon a certain occasion, by a choleric gentleman to whom he had given some offence. Without being disconcerted in the least with the circumstance, he informed the gentleman, that, if he would call upon him the next morning at an appointed hour, he would give him honorable satisfaction. His antagonist having arrived at his house according to appointment, found him engaged in writing his will: and, upon being questioned by the challenger, at what place, and with what weapons they were to fight, he very coolly replied, "Sir, if you please to open that door," pointing to one that opened out of the chamber into a kind of
closet, "you will see both the place of combat and the weapons of death, which are as nearly matched as possible, I assure you, Sir!" The gentleman opened the door accordingly, and saw, to his great surprise, in the closet, a round table of midling size, with two very large gimblets lying upon it.
"What is the meaning of all this, Sir!" asked the astonished challenger. "The meaning of what you see, Sir, replied B-t-l, with much deliberation, is this—as you have challenged me to fight you, I have a right, by the laws of chivalry, to the choice of my weapons. I have never practiced with a pistol, as you have, and therefore I shall not be upon an equality with you at that weapon. Neither have I been taught fencing, and therefore the sword is out of the question. But, Sir, I can bore with a gimblet, and can endure pain as well as you; I am determined, therefore, to stand foot to foot with you on that table, to bore your breast, as you may mine if you please, and bore each into the other's lungs, "till one or both drop upon the spot." The determined air with which B-t-l delivered this bloody speech, entirely disconcerted his adversary, who made a precipitate retreat from such a daring and singular foe.
To the Friends of Virtue and Learning.
ON the first day of MAY next, the Subscriber intends to open a SCHOOL at SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, for the purposes of teaching the Latin, Greek, and English Languages, and some of the most useful branches of Science. To the orthography, grammar, and pronunciation of the English language, a particular attention will be paid.
He hopes to have the School conducted in a manner calculated to improve the heart, and form the virtuous citizen, at the same time that the mind is furnished with the elements of useful knowledge.
MOSES HOGE.
A Tutor, of good reputation, is already engaged.
AT a Meeting of the Tavern-Keepers in this place (Mr. Robert M. Knight in the chair) it was unanimously resolved, That for the future, they will not receive half pence, if cut, for more than 7 1/2 Pennsylvania currency, and for a half bit 3 3/4, same currency, and in proportion for pieces of a lesser value.—Round money will be taken as usual.—This they wish to inform the public of, to prevent disputes.
Martinsburg, 17th March, 1792.
WILL cover this season, at the Subscriber's Plantation, on Opechee Creek, 2 miles from Beason's Mill, a chestnut-sorrel Horse, strong and well made, 15 hands high, one quarter blooded, 7 years old, and well calculated either for draught or the saddle. The terms will be one Dollar and a bushel of Oats the season.
ZACHARIAH MILLER.
March 26. 1792.
SCIPEO,
Will cover Mares this Season,
At Mr. JOSEPH RIDDLE's Mills, 1 1/2 miles from Martinsburg, from this date to the first day of July, ensuing, at twenty shillings and six pence, cash, and one bushel of oats, the single leap, or twenty-five shillings and one bushel of oats the season, to be paid the first of October—fifty shillings and one bushel of oats will insure a colt.
SCIPEO is a beautiful dark bay, rising eight years old, full sixteen hands and half high, and well made for either saddle or draught, and will recommend himself to good judges, without giving a long preamble of his pedigree.
Good attendance will be given, by
WILLIAM THOMSON.
March 26, 1792.
N. B. Wheat or Rye will be taken in payment for Mares brought for the season, and the highest price given, by W. T.
Young Sempronius
Will stand at my stable, at SEYDNOR's Tavern, about 9 miles from SHEPHERD's, and 3 from CHARLES-TOWN, the present spring, and will cover Mares at FOUR DOLLARS the Season, SEVEN DOLLARS for insurance, and EIGHT SHILLINGS, ready money, by the leap.
If the money for the Season is paid by the 10th of August, Twenty-two Shillings will be received instead of the Four Dollars.
I will receive Wheat and Rye, at the cash price, either in Worthington's, Briscoe's, Rutherford's, or Bell's Mills, in payment for the season money, and wait till the last of September for its being brought in.
YOUNG SEMPRONIUS is a beautiful Chestnut-Sorrel, with a blaze face, 15 1/2 hands high, was got by old Sempronius (imported by Col. Taylor) of a Barbary Mare, imported by Col. Hill, in Philadelphia. I think a further description will be needless, as he was so well known while William Ragan owned him.
PHILIP SEYDNOR.
N. B. The season will begin on the 1st of April next.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
The HAPPY FIRESIDE.
THE Hearth was clean, the Fire clear, The kettle on for Tea, Ranger was in his elbow chair, As blest as Man cou'd be. Clarinda, whom his heart possess'd, And was his new made Bride; With head reclin'd upon his breast, Sat toying by his side. In happy state, close at his feet, A favorite dog was laid: By whom a little sportive cat In wanton humor play'd.— Clarinda's hand he gently press'd, And stole a tender kiss; She, blushing, modestly confess'd The fullness of her bliss. Ranger, with honest heart elate, Pray'd to Almighty Jove, That it might ever be his fate, Just so to live and love:— "Be this Eternity," he cry'd, "And let no more be given: Continue but this Fire Side— "I ask no other Heaven."
BERKELEY COUNTY, 3d March, 1792.
MR. WILLIS,
HAVING read in your Potowmac Guardian and other public prints, an account of the honorable acquittal of Major Hamtramck, who was arrested by me, and which I consider in some measure as an indirect censure on myself, I desire and request you and every other Printer who may have published this matter, to insert the following facts:—The Major had been detached three days preceding the action of the 4th November, with the 1st regiment of United States troops, consisting of about 300 men, in pursuit of about 50 or 60 militia deserters, as I was told, and being on his return the day of the action, was met by a pack-horse driver, who informed him that the army was attacked—upon this intelligence he tacked about and retreated some miles to a creek, which he crossed, and then faced about; but shortly after being informed by a Captain Benham that the army was actually defeated, he made good his retreat to Fort Jefferson, though (as I was informed) Capt. Strong solicited the command of one hundred men to cover the retreat of the wounded and greatly distressed troops. The Major would not give his consent to this humane and generous request—nor was the conduct of Major Hamtramck more soldierly when an effort was absolutely necessary for throwing supplies into Fort Jefferson, where the wounded officers and soldiers were suffering every distress of body and mind, all their dependance for support being two or three pack-horses so poor as not to be able to carry any thing longer. On this occasion I mentioned the Major, with the first regiment of fresh troops as being the properest for guarding the provision—when he replied, that the levies ought to go on that service—and I am certain that fifteen levies with arms could not have been paraded—so that I proceeded immediately, though wounded, and with a very inconsiderable party of brave men, happily relieved the starving garrison.
These were my reasons for arresting Major Hamtramck, but the matter being tried at Fort Washington, about 70 miles from Fort Jefferson, where I was confined by my wound, the charge was not supported by any one, and the Major of course acquitted.
Thus, Sir, I have stated facts, which I wish you to publish, in support of my conduct.
WILLIAM DARKE.
P. S. The guard was wanted to escort the provision back to Fort Jefferson, from where I met it, which was about fifteen or sixteen miles.
HARP AND CROWN TAVERN.
Florence Mahony,
MOST respectfully informs his friends and the public, that he has taken that capital and well-known TAVERN belonging to Mr. MICHAEL MCKEWAN, which he has opened, having furnished it in a proper manner to receive company, as he has laid in the choicest liquors, and is determined to be unremitting in his endeavours to give general satisfaction—he flatters himself that he shall meet with encouragement from a generous public.
Wanted, an active, sober Man, as an Officer.
Martinsburg, February 21, 1792.
At a Court of Quarter Sessions, held for Berkeley County, the 16th day of August, 1791. Executors of William Mumford, Compt. In Chancery. vs Executors of Martin Kershner, Deft.
THE Defendants not having entered their appearance agreeable to an Act of Assembly, and according to the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that they are not inhabitants of this County: On the motion of the Complainants, by their Counsel, Ordered That the said Defendants do appear here on the third Tuesday of June next, to answer the bill of the Complainants, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at the Church in the Parish of Norbone, in the County aforesaid, on some Sunday after divine service, and also at the Court-House door of the said County.
A copy, MOSES HUNTER, C.B.C
TO BE SOLD, A Plantation,
Whereon the Subscriber now lives, consisting of 150 acres, about 80 of which are cleared, has a good log dwelling-house, kitchen, out-houses, barn, an orchard of about 100 apple trees, &c.—It is situated about 6 miles from Shepherd's-Town, and 4 from Martinsburg. For terms apply to me, living on the premises.
JAMES BLUE.
Berkeley, February 21, 1792.
A SCHEME OF A LOTTERY,
SET forth for the disposal of certain property in SHARPSBURG-TOWN, consisting of a Dwelling-House and Shop, and half an In-Lot—also, Half an In-Lot, and a Stable thereon—also, Nine Out-Lots, joining said Town, and Cash.
   Dollars.     633 Tickets, at 2 Dollars each, - - - 1266   1 Prize, 1 Dwelling-House and Shop, } and Half an In-Lot, - - - 300   1 Ditto, one Half In-Lot and Stable, - - 150   1 Ditto, three Out-Lots, five Acres each, - 120   1 Ditto, three Out-Lots, five Acres each, - 120   1 Ditto, two Out-Lots, five Acres each, - 80   1 Ditto, one Out-Lot, five Acres, - - 40   1 Ditto, Cash, 20 Dollars, - - - 20   2 Ditto, 10 Dollars each, - - - 20   4 Ditto, 4 Dollars each, - - - 16   200 Ditto, at 2 Dollars each, - - - 400     213 Prizes, - - - 1266   420 Blanks, - - - 1266     633 Tickets, at 2 Dollars each. - - - 1266  
The first Blank drawn, 4 Dollars, and last Blank 4 Dollars.
This Lottery is set forth for the Disposal of the above Property, and is as well calculated for the Benefit and Satisfaction of the Adventurers as possible, not having two Blanks to a Prize, and so many good Prizes. The Deeds for the whole will be given according to the Plan of the Town, and the Cash Prizes paid to the fortunate Tickets as soon as the Lottery is drawn. The Drawing will commence the first Day of August, 1792, or sooner, if the Tickets are sold. Fifteen acres of the above Lots are now sowed in Grain, this Grain will be reserved.
ROBERT McMIN.
There will be good Judges chosen, who will discharge their Trust in drawing the above Lottery. Tickets may be had of the under-named Gentlemen.
ADAM OTT, Esq. HAGER'S-TOWN, MR. PORTER, WILLIAM PORT, MR. STEMPLE, MIDDLETOWN. CORNELIUS WYNKOOP, } SHEPHERD'S-TOWN. WILLIAM LEMEN. } DAVID HARRIS, at the Ferry. MR. HARVEY, } MR. ECKHARD, } SHARPSBURG. MR. SHEETZ. } MARYLAND, MARCH 3, 1792.
TO BE SOLD, On the premises, to the highest bidder, On the 2d day of April next, A House & Lot,
In Washington-Street, known by 155. The House is almost new, 16 by 26 feet front, two story high, and very convenient. The terms will be made known on the day of sale, by
WILLIAM LEMEN.
Shepherd's Town, March 13, 1792.
It being determined that the drawing of the following Lottery shall commence by the first day of JUNE next, the Scheme is republished for the information of those who may wish to become adventurers.
A LOTTERY:
   Pennsylvania currency.     1 Prize, - - - - - £.516 0 0   1 ditto, - - - - - 275 0 0   1 ditto, - - - - - 150 0 0   1 ditto, a Horse, with new Saddle } and Bridle, - - - - - 25 0 0   1 ditto, ditto, - - - - - 14 0 0   1 ditto, ditto, - - - - - 12 0 0   36 ditto, Lots, near 1 Acre, at 10l. each, 360 0 0   6 ditto, near 1 Acre, at 8l. - - - 48 0 0   10 ditto, - - - 60s. - - - 30 0 0   20 ditto, - - - 40s. - - - 40 0 0   30 ditto, - - - 30s. - - - 45 0 0   30 ditto, - - - 27/6 - - - 41 5 0   515 ditto, - - - 25s. - - - 643 15 0   1 first Blank, a Saddle, - - - 2 10 0   1 last ditto, ditto, - - - 2 10 0     655 Prizes, - - - - - £.2205 0 0   1305 Blanks, - - - - - £.2205 0 0     1960 Tickets, at 3 Dollars each, - - - £.2205 0 0  
TO THE PUBLIC.
EVERY person acquainted with LOTTERIES, cannot but perceive, that the above is framed and calculated, so as will, upon solid grounds, induce adventurers to purchase. NOT TWO BLANKS TO A PRIZE; the lowest class of which are of value superior to the price of one ticket. That, with the consideration of such large prizes that will be drawn in a Lottery of such small amount. These, and the other prizes of Lands, are near the centre of MECKLENBURG, commonly called SHEPHERD'S-TOWN. A sketch of the first or capital prizes, are as follow, viz.
The highest prize contains a genteel Brick-House, forty-six feet long, and eighteen feet wide, in which there are three rooms nearly finished, with a kitchen and garret; also, a cellar under the same, 30 by 18 feet. Said House fronts New-Street, and the stream of water that runs through said town, runs under said building. The area of this prize comprehends seventy-one feet square.
The second prize is a Stone Malt-House, fifty feet long, and twenty-four feet wide, well finished, and the situation calculated for the business. Also, a Brew-House, thirty-six by twenty-four feet;—they are both under one roof, but separated below by said stream; at the lower end is a vacancy of ten by twenty-four feet.
The third prize consists of a Frame House, eighteen by sixteen feet, has a cellar under it, fronts New-Street, 33 feet, and thence runs with King-Street, 71 feet, which renders it a valuable corner.
For a greater convenience to the fortunate drawers of said prizes, there is an alley laid off, five feet wide, which runs across the lot, dividing the second from the first and third above-mentioned prizes. These landed and other property, prices will be found on examination to be estimated on very moderate terms. Upon the whole, the Subscriber flatters himself, that every candid enquirer will find, that the property, &c. exposed, is fully adequate to the sums required.
For the execution of this Lottery, the following gentlemen, Major HENRY BEDINGER, Capt. ABRAHAM SHEPHERD, and Capt. JAMES KERNEY, have been pleased to accept of the appointment of Trustees, to whom full power is granted, and them alone to sell and receive payment for the Tickets, and to give deeds for the landed prizes; also to pay off the others. Tickets signed by either of said Trustees, are and will be good to the adventurers, and may be had of either of them, and from such Gentlemen as the Trustees may please to appoint. These Gentlemen will appoint Managers to superintend the drawing of the Lottery, which will be in the house of Mr. BENONI SWEARINGEN, at his Ferry, opposite SHEPHERD'S-TOWN. The time of drawing, and every other necessary information, relating to this Lottery, is wholly and exclusively left to the discretion of the said Trustees, by
THOMAS WHITE.
N. B. The Trustees will publish the time of drawing the Lottery, in the news-papers printed in the vicinity of this town.
Shepherd's Town, March 12, 1792.
FOR SALE,
By the Printer hereof, Lawyers Declarations of every Kind, Common Bonds, Blank Deeds of Bargain and Sale.