Kentucky gazette and general advertiser (Lexington [Ky.]), 1803-10-25 00:00:00

KENTUCKY GAZETTE
AND GENERAL ADVERTISER.
[VOL. XVII.—N o . 893.]
BY DANIEL BRADFORD, LEXINGTON.
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1803.
TERMS OF THE GAZETTE.
This paper is published weekly, at two DOLLARS per annum, paid in advance.
Those who write to the Editor, must pay the postage of their letters.
To Lease,
A VALUABLE FARM, LYING in Mercer county on Salt river, about one mile and half above Maj. Buchanan's mill, on the road leading from Frankfort to Harrodsburg with about 100 acres of Cleared Land, a good Dwelling House and other Convenient Buildings, a large apple and Peach Orchard, Meadow and Pasture; the whole in good repair.
James Macconn.
Lexington, March 14, 1803.
FOR SALE,
The following Tracts of LAND,
CONVEYED by John Fowler Esq. to Cuth. Banks and T. Bodley, by deed of trust, dated the 16th day of December 1800, to wit. 2800 acres in Montgomery county, Flat creek, between Small-Mountain creek and the upper Salt Spring, entered in the name of Crump and Patterson—also, 1700 acres in Campbell county, part of a survey in the name of Jacob Rubsammon, including Fowler's lick—also, 1000 acres in Faid county, on Bank-lick, being part of a tract of 4000 acres in the name of William Jones. Which said tracts of land, or either, or part of them, will be sold at private sale, for the purpose of satisfying and discharging the trusts mentioned in said deed. The terms may be known by applying to the subscribers in Lexington.
Cuth."> Cuth. Banks, Thos. Bodley
March 14th, 1803.
STRAYED
FROM my farm about ten days ago, a small SORREL FILLY, three years old this spring, about 14 hands high, short docked and the hair of the tail cut by cattle.—Also a dark bay two year old FILLY, rather taller than the forel, no brand or flesh mark on either recollected. A reasonable reward will be given to have them sent home, or notice given where they are to be found.
ROBERT BARR.
Fayette, May 27, 1803.
NICHOLAS BRIGHT, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER.
RETURNS his thanks to his customers for their past favors, and hopes by his attention to business to merit them in future. He begs leave to inform the public in general that he continues to carry on the above business next door to Mr. Boggs's, opposite Capt. Marshall's tavern, Main street. He has just received from Philadelphia, a quantity of first qualified imported Boot Legs and English Ben Soals. Any gentleman may be furnished with Boots or Shoes, done in the neatest and best manner, and on the shortest notice, by applying as above.
Lexington, July 8, 1803.
SUWARROW & COSSACK BOOTS,
As neat as any made in Philadelphia, may be had on the shortest notice.
N. B.
FOR SALE,
A MERCHANT MILL SAW MILL, and DISTILLERY,
SITUATE on the waters of Silver creek, in Madison county, about six miles from the court-house, and ten miles from the Kentucky river, to which is annexed 140 acres of
LAND.
The stream and seat are equal to any in the state, and the mills and distillery in prime order. For terms apply to the subscriber on the premises.
ROBERT PORTER.
Madison county } Oct. 1st, 1803. }
WANTS EMPLOY,
A PERSON who wishes to be at such business of writing, as occurs in a Merchant's counting house, or records. Enquire at this Office.
TOBACCO WANTED.
LEWIS SANDERS & Co.
WANT to purchase a quantity of
INSPECTED TOBACCO,
At any of the ware-houses on the Kentucky river.
They have on hand a very good and extensive assortment of
MERCHANDIZE,
Calculated to suit the country—among which are the following Fall or Winter Goods:—Superfine, Common and Coarse Cloths, Cassimeres, Swarthdowns, Fries, Mixed, Blue, Drab and Blue Coatings, Pains, Halfthicks, Velvets, Fancy Cords and Thicklets.
tf Lexington.
ADVERTISEMENT.
Whereas, I am legally authorized by power of attorney, granted by John Wilson of Philadelphia, and dated the 15th of September, 1803, to make leases of two tracts of land, entered, surveyed and patented in the name of Thomas Franklin, lying upon the waters of Kentucky river; the one containing, by survey dated the 3d day of August, 1784, 116,650 acres—the other, by survey dated the 21st of the same month and year, containing 108,344 acres, to such persons as may be desirous of settling on such lands, and upon such terms as are limited by the said power of attorney. Therefore I hereby give notice, that application can be made to me in Lexington, where I will be ready to act agreeably to the powers in me vested, as relates to the making of such deeds and grants as may be required.
By virtue of the powers vested in me, I hereby forewarn all persons from cutting timber, working salt-petre caves, salt-water springs, coal mines or minerals of any description, or in any manner trespassing on the above lands, as any person offending herein, will be prosecuted with the utmost rigor of the law.
JOHN M. BOGGS.
Lexington, 15th Oct. 1803. tf
BLUE DYING.
THE SUBSCRIBER, WISHES to inform the public, that he continues to carry on the BLUE DYING, on Main Cross Street, between Mr. Adam Weber's and Mr. Myers's, where he will dye Cotton, Linen and Wool, with a warm dye—Cotton deepest blue, at 4/6 per pound—Wool at 1/6 per pound, which he will warrant to be equal to any dye in the town of Lexington.
JACOB BOSCHART.
Lexington, June 25, 1803. *3stf
BOOK BINDING.
HAVING employed a BOOK BINDER, who has been regularly bred to the business in Philadelphia, my orders for RECORD, ACCOUNT, or any other BLANK BOOKS, will be thankfully received and punctually executed. I have on hand, and shall constantly keep, a supply of BLANK BOOKS. Old Books re-bound in the neatest and best manner.
DANL. BRADFORD.
Gazette Office, } Lexington. }
NEGROES FOR SALE.
FOR sale for Cash, a Negro Man, about 30 years of age, stout, active, and is a good waggoner. Also, his Wife, about 25 years of age, who is a good house servant, with her child of 11 months. They can be well recommended as valuable, honest slaves. For particulars apply to the subscriber, living in Bourbon county, 4 miles from Paris.
JOHN SOPER.
FOR SALE OR RENT,
A convenient two story Framed House and Lot, Suitable either for a private or public Use, being situate on Main Cross Street, three doors from J. Lowrey's hat manufactory, and now occupied by N. Prentiss. The house is in good repair—there is on the lot a good pump with never failing water, a small garden, a convenient cellar, kitchen, &c. &c. For terms apply at the premises.
tf Lexington, August 22d, 1803.
RAGS.
Three cents per pound, or 18s. per hundred weight, given for clean or linen or cotton rags, at Charles's printing office, Lexington. 12m
Seitz & Johnson,
At their Store in Lexington, have received a very extensive Cargo of Cheap and well assorted
Merchandise,
Consisting of DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, IRON-MONGERY, CUTLERY, SADDLERY, STATIONARY, HARD JAPAN'D, TIN, CROCKERY, QUEENS' & CHINA WARES.
HATTER'S TRIMMINGS and DYE STUFFS, GERMAN and CRAWLEY STEEL, VICES, ANVILS, NAILS, BAR IRON, &c. &c.
Unlimited pains having been taken to select the above assortment from the Vendues, principally of Baltimore and Philadelphia, purchasers either WHOLESALE or RETAIL, may depend on getting much greater bargains than have been heretofore sold in this state.
15th August, 1803.
FOR SALE,
Two valuable PLANTATIONS, Containing 355 acres, with large improvements, well watered, with bearing orchards and elegant buildings. Situate on the waters of Main run, six miles from Lexington, on the Georgetown road:—Will be sold together or apart, as may suit the purchasers. For further particulars, apply to the subscribers living on the premises.
DAVID MITCHELL, DAVID LAUGHEAD.
Cane run, Sept. 1, 1803.
FOR SALE,
The Valuable Stallion, SILVER HEELS, WHICH stood at Mr. Edmund Bryant's, Jessamine county, the past season, and covered between 90 and 100 mares. The pedigree of this horse is good, and may be seen by reference to the Stud Book for the year 1803, or to the subscriber, in Clarke county. One or two years credit will be given on giving bond and security—One or two geldings would be received in hand if preferred by the purchaser.
H. TAYLOR.
August 7th 1803. tf
THE KENTUCKY PRIMER, For sale by the gross, dozen, or single.
TAKE NOTICE—That on the tenth day of November next, at the house now occupied by James Wigleworth, near a large Cave spring, on the lower or Westwardly side of the main South fork of Licking, and about three or four miles below Cynthiana, I shall attend with commissioners appointed by the county court of Harrison, to take the deposition of witnesses to perpetuate testimony &c. concerning my entry and survey of 1000 acres of land, made by virtue of a Treasury Warrant, the 14th day of May 1780, lying on the main South fork of Licking, on both sides thereof, to include two improvements, and a large cave spring, and to extend across the creek for quantity.
October 4, 1803. William Woods.
LEXINGTON & FRANKFORT STAGE.
THE public are respectfully informed, that my Stage Coach will start from Mr. Bradley's Inn, Lexington, every Monday and Friday morning at day-break; and from Frankfort, every Tuesday and Saturday at noon. Passengers may engage places at 9s. each allowing 10lb. baggage, and 11-2 cents per lb. for extra baggage.
JNO. KENNEDY.
Lexington, 10th Oct. 1803.
HOG'S BRISTLES WANTED.
One shilling and three pence per pound will be given in cash, for good, clean, well combed HOG'S BRISTLES, by the subscriber, at his shop at the corner of Main Cross Street and Short Street, Lexington; where he carries on
BRUSH MAKING
in all its various branches. Any person may be supplied with all kinds of BRUSHES, either wholesale or retail, at a much lower price than any heretofore ever sold in Kentucky, and of a better quality than any brought from Philadelphia. He hopes it will be the study of every good citizen to encourage this manufacture. He still continues carrying on WINDSOR CHAIR & WHEEL making as usual.
ROBERT HOLMES.
Lexington, Oct. 17th, 1803.
TO BE SOLD,
On a Credit of Five Years, Or to be Rented for the same time, That Valuable TRACT OF LAND, OF 1000 acres, on the waters of North Elkhorn, eight miles from Lexington, and about four from Georgetown, formerly well known by the name of the Bryan Spring tract, being part of an old Military Survey.—It is equal in quality to any land in the state of Kentucky, and is well watered and timbered—there are about 450 acres well cleared & fenced & divided into convenient fields & lots, 20 acres of meadow, besides lots of clover and blue grass—there is a large, elegant brick house, two stories high, with three rooms on a floor; also a kitchen, two stories high, together with a good spring house, corn house, stables, &c.—There is a never failing spring of excellent water. The above land is in the vicinity of some valuable merchant mills. For further information respecting this tract of land, those disposed to purchase may enquire of the Hon. John Breckinridge, now at the city of Washington, to John Pope Esq. in Lexington, or to the subscriber on the premises.
WALTER WARFIELD.
October 10th, 1803.
STRAYED or STOLEN, FROM the subscriber, in Garrard county, about five miles from the mouth of Hickman, a
BAY HORSE,
about 14 hands high, three years old, no brands, has lately been chopped below each eye with an inch chisel for the swelled head; the said horse is mixed with grey hairs all over his body, has a lump on one of his hind legs, & one of his hind feet white—the above horse is of a low carriage, trots naturally. Whoever takes up the said horse, or secures him so that I can get him again, shall be handsomely rewarded by
JOHN DUNN.
7th October 1803. 3t
UNITED STATES,
Kentucky District to wit. BE IT REMEMBERED, That on the twentieth day of August 1803, and in the twenty-eighth year of American Independence, SAMUEL WILSON of said District, hath deposited in this office, the title of a book, the right whereof he claims as author, in the following words to wit: "The Kentucky English Grammar, or New Grammatical Institute, containing a comprehensive system of English Grammar, in which the whole structure and essential principles, of that most copious language, according to the most approved modern standards, are concisely, yet completely exhibited, and explained in a manner intelligible to the weakest capacities. By Samuel Wilson, Teacher of Languages and Belles-lettres." In conformity to the Act of Congress of the United States, entitled "An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned."
THO: TUNSTALL, C.K.D.C.
THREE LETTERS on the doctrine of THE TRINITY, For sale at this office.
MILITARY LANDS.
For Sale, TWO valuable tracts of MILITARY LAND, situate on the river Ohio (state of Ohio) about 25 miles below Limestone, including the mouth of Bear creek, and extending up the river 1519 perches to the mouth of Maple creek. One of these tracts containing 1400 acres, was granted to Gen. John Nevill; the other containing 2222 acres, granted to Gen. Daniel Morgan. A large proportion of each of these tracts, is river bottom of the first quality, on which are several improvements; the balance excellent upland well watered and timbered. The lines of survey will be shown by Jonathan Taylor, or Peter Demoss, who live on the lands.
I will sell on a long credit, on the interest being paid annually—For further information enquire of James Morrison, in Lexington, Kentucky, who is in possession of a draught descriptive of the surveys, or the subscriber in Pittsburgh.
PRESLEY NEVILL.
Oct. 8, 1803.
IN THE PRESS,
And will be ready in a few days, the Kentucky Almanac, For the Year of our Lord, 1804.
Which may be had by the Gross, Dozen or single.
BANK NOTE FOUND.
FOUND on the Lexington course during the late races, A BANK NOTE of TEN DOLLARS. The owner can have it by applying at this office.
3w
PARIS SUBSCRIPTION RACES.
WILL commence the last Thursday in October, over a fine turf, and continue till Saturday. The two first days free for any horse, mare or gelding. First day the winning horse, the three mile heats has two thirds the subscription money.
Second day, the winning horse the two mile heats has the residue of the money subscribed.
The third day, the winning horse the one mile heats, shall have the entrance money of that and the two preceding days.
No horse above three years old is permitted to start the last day, and that untried.
Horses to be entered with Capt. Henry Buchanan, who will give the rules of the turf.
August the 16th, 1803.
Taken up by William Lowrey, living in Harrison county, on the waters of Mill Creek, one
CHESTNUT SORREL MARE, three years old last spring, fourteen and a half hands high, branded with a star and snip; appraised to 21l. SAML. M'MILLIN.
Taken up by Philip Bush, on Four Mile creek, in Clarke county, one Small Bay Mare,
about twelve hands and a half high, branded on the near shoulder and buttock thus, 3, a star and snip in her forehead, nine or ten years old; appraised to 4l. 10s.
* Achilles Eubank, j.p.
Bourbon county, ft.
Taken up by Archibald Bell, living on the waters of Stoner, near Pleasant Point meeting house,
A Bay Filly, left hind foot white, no brand, about 12 hands high, two years old last spring, not broke; appraised to 12 dollars.
John Hume, S.P.B.C. August 12, 1803.
Taken up by John Lee, in Harrison on Beaver creek, a
Brown Mare, 2 years old, about 14 hands high, branded on the near shoulder S, a large blaze, her hind feet white half way up to her hams, her near fore foot white to the pastern joint; appraised to 12l. May 8, 1802.
A copy. Attest W. Moore, C. H. C.
Clarke county, ft.
Taken up by Wm. Hill, living on Howard's lower creek, Clarke county, an
Iron Gray Horse, 6 years old, 15 hands high, off hind foot white, a remarkable white spot on his near thigh, white face, shadow before, trots natural, no brand perceivable; appraised to 20l. before me this 10th of August 1803.
Wm. McMillan.

Reflections on POLITICAL ECONOMY, and the PROSPECT BEFORE US.
Addressed to the CITIZENS of the Western Country.
No. VIII.
Markets relative to the Farmer and Merchant.
1st. Market relative to the Farmer.
It is not only the duty of the farmer to relinquish forever the ruinous policy, of exporting his produce to a foreign market, but also to turn his whole force and ingenuity towards the means of rendering the market relative to himself, as valuable as possible. To do this with effect, and in such a manner as to produce the most constant advantage to himself, to the merchant at home and abroad, and to the world of mankind at large, he must change his present mode of farming. This mode is certainly of all others the most improvident; but it results from necessity and that lax state of the home market, which heretofore has done but little good to the community. This necessity and laxity in exchange will not, however, always last. The country is moving on to an elevated destiny: and commerce will one day or other open all its stores, to reward ingenuity and industry.
I shall, therefore, take the liberty of suggesting a few remarks upon the mode of making such an appropriation of his labour, as to render it, in general, most beneficial to himself and to society.
The wise farmer who shall desire to increase his opulence, will not only calculate the extent of his own wants, but of the state, not only of the state, but of all Europe and the whole world. He will consider that the wants of mankind are in proportion to the claims of necessity and the state of luxury; that the modifications of this luxury are as various as the human passions, and as extensive in their range, as the empire of fancy itself. Now the farmer is nothing less than the prime agent, who draws forth from the inexhaustible resources of nature, the first means of gratifying those wants of mankind. The manufacturer, by his skill prepares them for consumption, and throws them into such classes as shall best answer the end in view. The merchant, in the mean time, by the force of his capital makes the great distribution. By this conjoint operation, the comforts of necessity and the conveniences of luxury, are attained, and human life gratified by the bounties of a benevolent providence.
But as nature is extremely whimsical in her dispensations, it is certainly the height of wisdom to guard against their effect, and indeed to make advantage upon honorable grounds, of such an ordination of things. In some countries and in some seasons, the fly, the tempest or the drought, make havoc in the productions of the soil, and prevent the necessary wants of nature from being supplied. At other seasons, war may shut up the customary avenues of support for extensive communities; or turn commerce out of its usual channel. These things have happened in the world, from the beginning of society: and as long as there are human passions, or seeming contrarieties in nature, they will forever hold their old course.
Now all the use I wish to make of these remarks is to shew the farmer how certainly he may expect to meet with fluctuations in the customary modes by which the wants of mankind are supplied; that in some years, there will be an uncommon demand for one article, or for twenty; that at succeeding periods, the prices of those same commodities will be exceedingly reduced. All kinds of markets, whether foreign or domestic, will, of course, receive an impression and be regulated by the peculiar state of society. As the case particularly relates to the Western country of America, there will be a great demand all over Europe, for the produce of the United States, or perhaps very little or no demand. The markets at Orleans will, consequently, be either barren, or productive. The home markets will be regulated by the state of the case abroad; and the farmer likewise actuated by such prospects, in the appropriations of his labour.
To guard against these fluctuations, where they threaten injury; or to take advantage of them, where they present beneficial effects, the farmer must lay down one certain and constant mode of cropping, from which he will be wrong to deviate. HE MUST MAKE A GREATER VARIETY OF COMMODITIES ON HIS FARM, AND LESS IN QUANTITY THAN HE HAS DONE: Some wheat, some flour, some tobacco, hemp, flax, corn, cotton, &c. &c. Because one or two of these articles, commanded a high price the last year, let him not suppose from that circumstance that he may direct his whole force to their cultivation the succeeding year, with the idea of getting rich at once. The incautious efforts of a griping avarice, or of a rapacious speculation, are not such certain modes of skill in agriculture, as the slow means of a constant industry, where the mind preserves its innocence, its integrity, and justly appreciated? I trust not one is to have time to make a prudent advantage of
the operations of chance. On this head let him reason thus:—
"It is true that last year I made a handsome sum of money by the article of flour. Will it be wise for me, the next year, to throw my labour on the mercy of chance, whose final effect cannot be known for twelve months, and which may dash all those flattering prospects which I derived from the last year's success? If I shall meet with no market, will not the crop spoil on my hands if I store it up, and if I sell it, will the reduced price I obtain reward me for my labour? Had I not better proceeded upon more certain grounds, and appropriate my labour to the cultivation of something of a variety of articles, with the more certain expectation of selling for a good price, an article that must, among even a quantity, be in demand? And if such if one half of them should be in demand, will not the price I obtain reward my labour? Pay, for what may lose its value either by spoiling or a low price, and at the end of the year will I not, in the main, be more secure in what I have done?"
If the farmer would always reason in this way, and act from the bias of such arguments, it is not difficult to foresee that things would be regulated upon a better standing than they are. Experience has shown, the fatal effects of his present mode of farming even in the trifling home markets of the Western country and in those that were sought abroad. Some years he got a good price for one or two articles which made him cultivate the same commodities the next. But his expectations were deceived. His property was wasted either in the barn of the farm yard, or the ware house of a foreign market. Had he, however, pursued the plan which I have recommended, it is generally impossible that he either could have sustained the farm at market as to price, or upon the farm, in case his commodities were wasted by the decays of nature. Besides where there are a variety of commodities ready for market, among that variety, there are many which are not acceptable of considerable loss and which may wait for that market. Such are the articles of hemp flax, cotton, and tobacco. Wheat and flour are remarkably perishable; and for the whole force of a farm to be generally directed to the cultivation of large portions of these articles, would be a degree of madness that in a few years would sink the fortune of a farmer in the Western country, where markets are but yet in their infancy—At least he could not expect to thrive as fast, as where he was adding something every year to the stock of his wealth; and this cannot be done unless he has something that will every year command a price.
Another beneficial effect of this plan will be, that the mercantile capital will be kept in motion. If there is no demand for one article at a foreign market, each year, there may be for another. If the article in demand, can be procured with facility and upon moderate terms, by the merchants at home he will embark a part of his capital in the exportation of it. By this means trade is not permitted to languish. Its constant activity is absolutely necessary to prevent it from declining. The farmer, in the mean time, feels all the advantage of its steady co-operation with his interest.
I here conclude my reflections on the first division of this article, to wit, on the market relative to the farmer. In several succeeding numbers I shall take the liberty of considering the second part of the article, or the market relative to the merchant.
ARISTIDES.
TO THE FARMER.
MOTIVES of humanity and benevolence prevail upon my inclination, and compels me to condescend to notice, in your reply to Medicus , several misrepresentations, either through will or ignorance. If they proceed from the latter, which I rather suspect, charity will pardon you; if not, you must have basely designed, by misrepresenting and distorting truth, to bewilder weak and unthinking minds, as such only your ingenious sophistry can influence. If this was your intention, if your motives were thus basely wilful, you deserve to be kicked from society, as an enemy to its welfare, and viewed as a monster.
Your first beginning is an ungenerous misstatement. You say, we are informed by Medicus , that no physician is fit to practise, or deserves confidence, unless they have passed an examination before men of integrity and professional abilities. Medicus tells you no such thing; and if he had he would have told you an untruth. For there might be many men very skillful and fit to practise any where, who have not yet passed an examination. But such men as these are ready and willing at any time to prove the ascendancy of their professional abilities by circumstance that he may direct his whole force to their cultivation the succeeding year, with the idea of getting rich at once. The incautious efforts of a griping avarice, or of a rapacious speculation, are not such certain modes of skill in agriculture, as the slow means of a constant industry, where the mind preserves its innocence, its integrity, and justly appreciated? I trust not one is to have time to make a prudent advantage of
are conscious of them; and he who knows he understands what he professes, will not hesitate to be examined, but if occasion requires, he will be glad to testify his knowledge in such an honorable praiseworthy manner. On the contrary, it cannot be reasonably expected that quacks and mere pretenders would thus cheerfully risk an examination. They know their own weakness, because they are really weak, and would not willingly appear before men of true merit, to expose their ignorance and false pretensions. They have discernment enough to know that the penetrating eyes of competent knowledge and ability will immediately see through the veil which obscures their incapacity from vulgar view, and that they then will be viewed in their true colors and treated in the manner they best deserve.
Again, in your first set out, you have not only manifested a disposition to distort and misrepresent the meaning of Medicus , but you have widely overleaped the limits of truth. You assert that Medicus says, no person must have a right to practise physic in this state but the society (or gentlemen who have stood their examination) and those by them admitted after due examination. I defy you to point out in the address of Medicus any such idea attempted to be inculcated, either by direct expression or insinuation. He only suggests to the society, the propriety of petitioning the legislature to make some regulations relative to the practise of physic, and not to admit any person who merely professes to be a physician, to prescribe and administer medicine, until it is ascertained whether or not he is completely adequate. He does not in one instance, even imply that the society shall presume to arrogate to themselves, the right of ascertaining the medical qualifications of any man, but shall leave it altogether to the legislature, to make what regulations, as in their wisdom they may deem most proper; and this will appear by the following extract from Medicus :
"The various fatal consequence which result from the indiscriminate admission of men into the practise of physic in this state, abundantly evince the necessity of the legislature, to prescribe some regulation to remedy the evil." So he did not pretend to dictate the method by which to regulate the practise of medicine; but left that to the good sense of the legislature.
You have distanced largely and in a very defolatory manner on incorporation, privileged orders, and barriers of emulation, as if the accomplishment of any such thing was designed either by Medicus or the society. No person of common understanding would have been impressed with such puerile, bugbear conceits. The method it is expected the legislature would take to regulate the practise of medicine, is to appoint a committee of physicians of undoubted skill and abilities, who shall examine all the candidates for the practise of medicine, and if upon examination they should be found duly qualified, shall give them a certificate thereof, and license to practise, and that without such certificate and license, any person practising shall be subject to some penalty. Under this regulation, or one similar to this, how can there be a monopoly of practise, a privileged set of physicians to the exclusion of others of merit, or how can that spirit of emulation for excellence be at all diminished; How can men, who are really physicians, who are qualified to stand the test of examination, in any respect suffer in reputation or in practice? Have not all, after examination, the same advantages, the same privileges in practise?
All men, who are competent, will not think it a hardship in submitting to this simple but useful ceremony, to obtain an honorable permission to practise; but would be gratified to think that the public have made a distinction between merit and demerit; & that the former is duly respected & deservedly preferred. None but weak & poor minds can be excluded by this regulation; and in this perhaps consists that exclusive privilege you so often mentioned. In this sense I agree an exclusive privilege is granted, not to men of ignorance and meanness, as you wish to have it, but to all men of talents and worth. This exclusive privilege is at all times accessible to men of merit, who can never be debarred from the enjoyment of it.
If the learned and able physician is brought down to a level with the ignorant pretender, both to have the same advantage, the one as much respected as the other, a spirit of emulation will not be increased, as you ignorantly urge, but would be diminished infinitely, if not entirely extinguished. If the man of erudition and extensive medical knowledge, is not more encouraged, not more honored and respected than the illiterate empiric, what can be an inducement for men to spend many years, all the first period of their lives in painful labour and fatigue of mind, to qualify themselves with much and useful knowledge of the profession, since that will avail them no more than that which they can acquire by slight application one or two years. When this degraded equality becomes general and customary, every one who shall make choice of the profession of medicine, will ask himself this question: "Why should I spend so much time and money and make such violent exertions of mind, (almost insupportable) to acquire great knowledge, since a much
smaller portion will answer the very same purpose?" And this being the case no doubt he will conclude that little information will do as well as a great deal. And others reasoning in the same manner, we will assuredly be infested with swarms of quacks. Nevertheless should we have asses and quacks, a great spirit of competition will still prevail, not for knowledge or usefulness, but for fordid gain.
In all countries where merit and excellence are not respected and preferred, you may be sure you will rarely meet with them; and if you should you ought to consider their existence as extraordinary. Do you expect that men will strive to obtain eminence or superiority, without a stimulus or excitement? Without inducement men are spine and retchless; but when rightly impressed with the importance of mental acquirements when facilitated by grand objects and noble views, their perseverance, in the attainment of eminence is astonishing; nothing human can exceed the activity of their mind; scarcely anything is too large for their grasp or too elevated for their reach; and what can more excite men to emulate for excellence than an expectation of being duly rewarded with honor and respect, and being distinguished from the herd of false pretenders and mountebanks.
You deny the practicability of ascertaining the abilities and knowledge of men in physic or any of the learned professions by interrogations only; and insist upon it that the only method by which it can be done is to present specimens of their knowledge to the external senses and judge by them alone; that they are the only and infallible criteria of truth. How will you come to the knowledge of a man, in abstract subjects, or in matters which depend altogether upon mental exertion? When a preceptor gives his pupil a treatise to read, in order to know whether he understands it, whether will he put the pupil to the trouble of writing down his thoughts on the subject and presenting them to the sense of sight before his knowledge can be ascertained. And if he is not acquainted with the art of writing, his preceptor can have no judgment of his abilities. When an accurate judge of law wishes to know whether the young practitioner understands a particular point in law, how will he do it if not by asking him questions? And if the learned and experienced physician wishes to know whether his student understands a particular complaint, the cause and cure for that complaint, in what manner will he do it with more precision than by questions and answers? These few interrogations are sufficiently satisfactory, and so clearly expose the absurdity of your opinion on this, that time and paper taken up in farther explanation would be needlessly wasted. Though permit me to tell you, that so long as you depend upon the external senses, as the only means of mental acquirements, so long will you continue in your present state of wretched darkness.
Of the many errors into which you have attempted to draw the illiterate part of the community, I shall notice only one more, viz. "That the public can best judge of the merit of physicians, and are not so insane, as to trust to bad hands and desert the good ones." This principle is, in itself and in fact, egregiously wrong. To tell me that the people who are not physicians, can judge of medical qualifications, as precisely as individuals good proficients in the science of medicine, is as preposterous as to tell me that a man who never read a latin book, can judge of the proficiency of a latin scholar, as well as the man who has taught the language twenty years. Although the people mind their interest too well to be injured by any man or swarms of men in practical matters; Yet if the principles of those matters of practice are not familiar to their minds, they are very liable to be injured and deceived for no person is qualified to judge of that which he is totally unacquainted with. A man who never saw sculpture or painting, certainly cannot judge of the merit of a performance in either of those arts, so well as the artist or some other person, who has been in great habit of observing and judging them. Neither can any person so well and so quickly ascertain medical qualifications, as a physician.
It is very true that a complete quack cannot always deceive the people—they will in time be undeceived; and when once they see their error, nobody doubts but they will withdraw their support and desert him. But before this shall happen how much injury may he have done? how many persons has he hastened from the stage of existence? and how many more has he brought to the brink of departure?
Experience verifies how difficult it is for the people to distinguish quacks from physicians, and how apt they are to be duped into a belief of the eminence of perfect mountebanks and the efficacy of their quack medicine. To prove this examples almost without number might be produced. But one or two instances will suffice to shew how easy it is for quacks to deceive and impose upon the people.
The success of the German imposter Mesmer, who completely duped the people of Germany and France, is a signal proof. "What a man knows upon any literary subject, cannot be ascertained by verbal examination."
instance of the influence of quackery. He pretended to have made great discoveries, and that these centered in the magnet, which he asserted, was a good and safe remedy against all diseases incident to the human body. As the common load stone did not appear to him sufficiently important and mysterious, he went still farther: He contrived an uncommon one, and named the effects of it "Animal Magnetism." Afterwards he proclaimed every where, that the power of this subtle fluid was centered in his own person. He was constantly surrounded with clouds of invalids, not only from the neighborhood, but from the surrounding countries and nations, applying for relief from this nostrum or universal remedy. Extraordinary success attended him in both Germany and France, not only one, two, three or four years, but many; in which time he amassed an immense fortune. But at length he was suspected of imposition, and by the interposition of the government of France, he was detected. The government appointed a committee of eight men of great learning & abilities to enquire into and appreciate the merit of this new discovery. These philosophers, among whom were the illustrious names of Franklin and Lavoisier, after found investigation and numerous experiments, concluded that this boasted "Animal Magnetism" had no real existence in nature; that Mesmer was either an arrant imposter or a deceived fanatic.
The favorable reception of the quack medicine of St. Germain, his "Artificial Tea," named Tea for prolonging life, and Count Calostro's "Balm of Life" is a proof how the people are to be deceived. Calostro pretended he had attained the age of upwards of two hundred years, and that he was rendered invulnerable to poison. These bold assertions could not fail to excite very general attention. The inspired father Gasner ascribed all diseases to diabolical agency, contending that Satan, the grand enemy of mankind, has power to shorten our lives by diseases. Vast numbers of credulous people flocked to this fanatic for the purpose of obtaining relief. Multitudes of patients besieged him in his quarters every day! Perkins' metallic tractors are no less an imposition or quackery; and every body in America knows with what admiration they have been received and how efficacious they have been thought to be in almost every complaint.
Instances of the great success of quacks in imposing themselves and their Panaceas, their Nostrums, &c. upon the people, as I before observed, are numberless. But these are sufficient to prove to any reasonable mind, that the people are not the best judges to whom we can appeal, in order to know the medical qualifications of any man. The absurdity of any universal medicine can only obtain credit with the weak, the credulous, or the ignorant. I will conclude with the following just sentiments of the famous Dr. Willib upon the absurdity of universal remedies: "How, for instance, can it be conceived, that the same remedy should be capable of restoring the tone of the fibres when they are relaxed, and also have the power of relaxing them when they are too rigid; that it should coagulate the fluids when they are in a state of resolution, and then again attenuate them when they are too viscid; that it should moderate the nerves in a state of preternatural sensibility, and likewise restore them to their proper degree of irritability when they are in a contrary state."
I here close my objections to your publication replying to Medicus . I trust you are now ready to believe with me, that your apprehensions were groundless; that no corporation was designed to take place, excluding men deserving respect; that a regulation for the practise of medicine, suggested by Medicus , will not be attended with all those evils which you imagine, but on the contrary, that it is pregnant with all those beneficial consequences which result from the encouragement of science, of excellence and of every thing noble and honorable.
PHILO MEDICUS.
October 16th, 1803.
TO "A CITIZEN."
DID your sagacity and power bear any proportion to your zeal, your dislike to the "Farmer" would no doubt be attended with consequences the most awful and tremendous. Instead of overpowering him merely with a torrent of metaphor and invective,—of resorting to the arts of misrepresentation and quackery;—you would then exert your invention to refute his positions, or punish him for daring to attack the ridiculous solecismies and quackery of the schools. For if we were to judge of the site of your mind by the traces of sense and ingenuity which appear in your address to Mr. Bradford, we should infer that its situation was neither pleasant nor enviable: but that it was only sufficient to enable you to misrepresent, to distort; to use the figures of speech, and abuse with contumelious epithets, all who dared to interfere with the mighty majesty of your opinion. And if he were to proceed and de-

clare what would be your conduct if fortune had clothed you with power, and were to judge by the marks of passion which appear in your address, our conclusions would not be more favorable.
You say (as elegantly as truly to be sure) that "the professed object of the Farmer is to controvert the idea of scientific qualifications being necessary to direct the practice of phyfic;" but you are unable to point out where the Farmer has said so. A disinterested and impartial reader would rather say that the Farmer's object was to prove that injustice and evil consequences would follow, if the legislature were to erect a corporation to designate the characters that should practice medicine in this state. How the learned and scientific "Citizen" could have been led into this mistake, I do not know, unless he belonged to the tribe of "Medicus," and the Monkish cap and long gown and formal diploma of the corporate doctor, were in his mind identified with the real physician. It is amusing, indeed, "Citizen," to think how far the prejudices of some will carry them. Formerly every big man had his titles of knight and baronet and earl and duke; and panted as ardently to encrease them as the child did his gewgaw or his play things. This disposition pervaded every class of individuals in society, until it reached the school-men. Because the officer, the priest, and the nobleman, had their titles, the scholar, forgetting all the ideas of merit which were attached to that character, must have titles also: and thus B. A. and M. A. and L. L. D. and the Lord knows what, became as common in society, as his grace and lordship and honourable and right honorable, &c. &c. Because, too, the nobleman had his insignia and coat of arms, the schoolman must have his diploma and cap and gown. Forsooth the little vanity of both must be gratified by pompous names and idle distinctions. Originally they may have been conferred upon real merit. But who does not know that they have been conferred upon the ignorant and cowardly as well as on the learned & brave? Who does not know that the M. D. and L. L. D. is as often conferred upon him who can pay the GRINDER, & as upon him who is expert in scholastic syllogism, or possessed of extensive learning & knowledge? It is time for the mind to shake off prejudice, and respect for high sounding names and pompous distinctions; to submit only to the authority of reason; and do homage to merit, whether it is found in the humble citizen, or under the more distinguished appellation of Doctor. We want no corporate body to give titles in literature, no more than we want a monarch to confer titles of nobility; and if the "Citizen" or "Medicus" are anxious to obtain and wear them, they must import them from a foreign country. Competition will discover talents; and bring them into view from every situation in life. And it is the policy of our constitution, neither to destroy competition; nor to enable the corporate doctor to lord it over his untitled rival.
As titles have been obtained in Europe, how can we hope they will not be so obtained in America? There are instances even here, where they were conferred upon motives far distant from a desire to promote literature. The world knows how America was amused a few years since, when the pompous title of L. L. D. was conferred upon Jonathan Dayton and Timothy Pickering; men who were ignorant of the laws of their country; and who betrayed that ignorance by living in the daily habit of violating them: but upon whom the title was conferred to give them the dignity & fame of learning, and to raise them to higher distinction and consequence in the world. Can we be sure that your corporate physicians will not be of this stamp? will exist only in their diploma? in the M. D. which follows it? obtained too by a servile adherence to opinion—by prejudice—by partiality? Can we be sure that others will not be rejected, because they have opinions of their own? opinions on the theory and practice of medicine different from their examiners and judges? and will not your examiners and judges sit, in all the state in all the state of clerical dignity? be impatient of contradiction? and desirous to give their own opinions the stamp of infallibility? Or, will
they be infallible like the Pope?—Able to discriminate character?—Capable of discovering heresy, & of checking its progress whenever it shall appear before them? Who are to appoint—where are we to find such infallible characters? I am afraid Citizen—that unfortunately for your cause—we shall not find a sufficient number of Corporate Doctors in the state, to wear the Schoolman's Robe, and these we must have, since the Gown confers the merit. How will you get out of this dilemma? I fear that as you advance, you will get into a labyrinth; and when confused and bewildered, will too late discover the errors into which you have gone.
Cease then Citizen, from wishing to depart from the circle in which you move; or to desire a title which will secure you no respect. I suspect you now practice phyfic without it. And if you are the man I think you to be, a shallow pretender to superior parts and learning, you will if your examining judges are impartial, be in a worle situation. For no man who mistakes the object of another, which a man of plain sense, while running can perceive; who confounds title with dignity; who at one time makes the Farmer an ignorant clodhopper, and at another, a petty-fogging attorney;—can ever pass examination, and justly obtain the name of medical doctor.
A Friend to the Farmer.
IN pursuance of a decree of the Lincoln circuit court, at their September term, one thousand eight hundred and three, I will proceed to sell, on Monday, the 19th day of December, 1803, the tract of LAND, called and known by the name of English's Station, lying in Lincoln county, on Dick's river, and bounded agreeable to and by the calls contained in a deed of conveyance from Lucas Sullivan to Spencer Griffin, bearing date the 10th day of January, 1799. Also, the tract of LAND whereon Geo. Noaks now lives, and lying near to the above described land, it being the land bounded by the courses given in a deed of conveyance from Edward West, of Lexington, to Spencer Griffin, for 200 acres, more or less, bearing date the first day of June, 1798. The sale will be held on the lands. I will also proceed to sell, on Monday, the 12th day of January, 1804, at the court-house of Lincoln county, in the town of Stanford, being court day, the following tracts or parcels of LAND, to wit:—200 acres, lying in the county of Hardin, on the waters of Rough creek, and bounded by the courses given in a deed of conveyance from Robert Dobson to Spencer Griffin, bearing date the 10th day of July, 1798.—2200 acres, situate on Brush creek, it being the remaining part, not yet sold, of a tract of Land sold by James Cravens to Spencer Griffin, as appears by a deed of conveyance, recorded in the Danville District court—626 acres, situate on Richland creek, to include Linam's lick, Knox county, being a part of the tract of seven hundred and fifty acres, which Spencer Griffin bought of Thomas Carneal, attorney in fact for John Harvey. The above mentioned lands being those which are contained in a deed of mortgage from Spencer Griffin to Joseph F. Lewis and Nathan Hutton, bearing date the 20th day of July, 1799; and will be sold for ready money, or so much of them as will be sufficient to satisfy the sum of 3501. with six per cent. interest thereon, from the 1st day of October, 1799, till paid. Also 41. 19s. 6d. and also the sum of 1531. with six per cent. interest thereon, from the 20th day of July, 1799, till paid. The before mentioned sums being the amount of a judgment and decree which Joseph F. Lewis and Nathan Hutton, complainants in a suit in chancery, against Spencer Griffin defendant, recovered in the Lincoln circuit court, at their September term, 1803 together with all legal costs arising thereon to the said complainants in prosecuting their suit.
N. HUSTON, Commissioner. October 21st, 1803.
A CAUTION. Whereas some time in the months of March or April last, I assigned to a certain Henry Buell, of Fayette county, one half of a bond given by Peter Evans sen. of Madison county to me, for 1000 acres of land, with a special warranty, lying in Madison county, on the South Fork of the Kentucky river, being part of his claim of John Fowler's claims on said South Fork—Now this is to forewarn any person or persons whatever against taking an assignment on said bond, as I am determined not to be answerable to him or his assigns —But I am always ready to comply with my contract with the said Henry Buell.
Belair Poyey Evans. October 25, 1803.
Taken up by Henry Moore, a dark Sorrel Stallion, about 16 hands high, four years old last spring, a star and snip, Prod all round; appraised to 471. 10s. August 27th 1803. R. HICKMAN.
The contest between Messrs. Thomas Speed and Benjamin Grayson, candidates for the office of clerk to the Circuit Court of this county, being at length decided, the opinion or decision of the court of Appeals thereon, no doubt will be interesting to our readers:—
West. Amer. STATE OF KENTUCKY, ss. Clerk's office of the Court of Appeals, October 8, 1803. Thomas Speed, plaintiff, vs. Upon a rehearing of a motion for a peremptory mandamus. Benjamin Grayson, defendant.
THE court being now sufficiently advised of and concerning the motion aforesaid, and having inspected the record and papers filed herein, delivered in the following opinion, to wit: The propriety of granting or not granting this motion, depends on the 10th section of the act entitled, "an act to establish Circuit Courts." The court does not conceive that this section expressly requires or necessarily implies, that the certificate of the oath or affirmation it prescribes to be taken by a Circuit or Assistant Judge, shall be recorded before he can act as such; but if from a literal or grammatical construction of the section, it did seem necessarily to imply this requisition, it ought not to be taken as its true meaning; inasmuch as it would have rendered it impossible to have held any of the courts which were to be established by the act;—therefore, the Legislature could only mean, that the certificate should be recorded as soon as it could possibly or conveniently be done. And it appears in this case, that the assistant judges of the circuit court of Nelson county, did, at the time of the contest now to be decided on arose, thus produce and cause their certificates to be recorded by Speed, who was then elected clerk, and ordered to record them, by a majority of the court duly qualified to direct the order; consequently Speed was legally appointed clerk of that court.
Wherefore, it is adjudged and ordered, that the order in this case made at the last term of this court, be set aside;—and it is further adjudged and ordered, that a peremptory mandamus do immediately issue, commanding the said Benj. Grayson to deliver, conformably to the said act, all the records, papers, and things remaining in his possession as clerk of the late court of quarter sessions for the county of Nelson, and also as clerk of the late district court held at Bardstown in the said county to the said Thomas Speed, as clerk of the said circuit court.
A copy. Teste ACHILLES SNEED, C. C. A.
Doctor Jenner.—At a court of common council, held by the Lord Mayor of London at Guildhall, on the 11th of Aug. the freedom of the city was unanimously voted to Dr. Jenner, to be presented in a gold box of the value of one hundred guineas, as a token of their sense of his skill and performance, in bringing into general use the inoculation of the Kine pock.
From the Boston Chronicle, of Oct. 3. SAMUEL ADAMS, IS DEAD! We have the mournful task to announce to the public, that on yesterday morning, about a quarter past seven o'clock, at his house in this town, DIED, in the 82nd year of his aged, SAMUEL ADAMS, late governor of this commonwealth, the constant and inflexible patriot and republican.
BERLIN, August 10. Couriers from London and Peterburgh arrive here almost daily. Our court, conjointly with that of Russia, neglects no means to put an end to the war between France and England. The last proposition made to the cabinet of London, are of such a nature that it cannot refuse to accede to them, without proving in the most evident manner, its aversion to peace. We are assured that if the courts of Russia and Prussia shall be unable to reconcile the two belligerent powers, there will be formed between the principal sovereigns of Europe, a confederacy similar to that called the Germanic league. This confederacy will have for its object the rescuing Germany from all attack, protecting her territory, inhabitants, rights, and property, and ensure the freedom of commerce and navigation. We expect a speedy change in the state of affairs.
The Elbe and Weser cannot long remain blockaded; the inconveniences which result from the blockade, and the stagnation of commerce, are too great for our court and that of Peterburgh, not to adopt the most serious measures to put an end to them.
LONDON, Sept. 1. One thousand five hundred gun-boats are now afloat, equipped, and ready to act against the French, between the Land's End and Plymouth.
La Floire, a French vessel from Martinique, having on board Gen. Nogues, late governor of St. Lucia, with twenty-nine other officers has been captured by the Eliza privateer, of Bristol, Capt. Thomas, and brought into King's Road.
PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 11. FROM FRANCE.
Extract of a letter from St. Maloes, to a gentleman in Newburyport. "You must have heard undoubtedly of the grand preparations making in this country for a descent on England.—It is said that Bonaparte means to head an army of four hundred thousand men himself, in this expedition; but I do not imagine he will lose his hold here. However, I will, and think it will take place, as all descriptions of persons are urgent, and encouraging the First Consul to undertake it; but all from different views, the army want to enrich themselves by plundering that fine country, the citizens with it to be rid of the army, the Jacobins are in hopes by that means to regain their authority, and the Royalists contemplate when the army is gone to seize the helm of government in the name of Louis 18th, recall that unfortunate Monarch, garrison well the sea coast to prevent their return, and depend upon the change in the public mind for their success; aided by all the strength they can collect. I am sure it would not be difficult if the King would be active, and enterprising in the business.—It is confidently said that Moreau will assist the Royal Family, but I feel afraid the plot will be discovered, as some persons are so imprudent as to express their wishes on the subject already."
FOR SALE, A Young, Likely, Honest, NEGRO MAN, Who is an excellent cook, a good carriage driver, and a very good house servant.—Enquire of the Printer.
NOTICE. THE Standing Committee of the Board of Trustees of the Transylvania University, are requested to meet in Lexington, on Thursday the 3rd of November next, to appoint a Teacher of Languages for the ensuing half year. By order of the Committee. R. PATTERSON Chm. Lexington, Oct. 24th, 1803. 2w
The celebrated full bred Imported Horse BARONET, IS on his way from New-York to this place, where he will stand next season, and be let to mares. He has perhaps won more money than any other horse ever imported from England; he won at one time the Oatland Stakes of 1000 guineas, beating 18 of the best horses in the kingdom of Great Britain, besides a number of purses. A list of his performances on the turf, together with his pedigree, will be made known on his arrival. Also the
Noted Imported full bred Hunter, HIGHFLYER, Will come in company with him. 6t Lexington, Oct. 25, 1803.
NOTICE. IS hereby given, that we, or either of us, will attend the commissioners appointed by the county court of Bourbon, at the house of John Hazlerigg, on Green creek, in said county, on the fourth Monday in November next, to proceed to take the depositions of sundry witnesses to establish the calls of an entry made in the name of James Parberry, as follows—"James Parberry, assignee of Battom Eltis, enters 400 acres by certificate &c. lying on Green creek, a branch of Licking, joining the lands of Parberry, as assignee of Eltis Eltis, to begin below Battom Eltis's improvement at a large spring, running up the said creek for quantity," and to do such other matters and things as may appear necessary and agreeable to law. John Hazlerigg, Jeboiada Musick, Henry Wigginton, Thomas Weathers.
TO BE SOLD.
BY virtue of a decree of the Fayette circuit court in a suit in chancery, wherein Wilson Cary Nicholas, was complainant, & James Morrison and Joseph H. Daves, executors of the last will and testament of George Nicholas deceased, were defendants, the following real and personal property will be exposed to sale to the highest bidder for cash, at the places and times herein afterwards mentioned, to wit:—All the interest of which George Nicholas died seized and possessed, and which is now vested in the said James Morrison, and Joseph H. Daves, under the will of the said George Nicholas, deceased, of and to the Bourbon Furnace, Forge, & the Lands thereunto belonging, and the Lands held by him as a member of the United Iron Company, at the Bourbon Furnace, on the 21st day of November next, the sale to commence at 12 o'clock, and to continue until the said property is sold.
Two tracts of land, lying and being on the waters of Eagle creek, containing twenty thousand acres, which were granted to the said George Nicholas by Patent, bearing date the 20th day of November, 1788, and sundry slaves, the property of the late George Nicholas, which were comprised in a mortgage executed by the said George Nicholas, to Wilson Miles Cary, and since mortgaged to Wilson Cary Nicholas, as the Court-House door, in Lexington, on the 28th day of November next.
And some other personal property comprised in the said mortgages, at the house of Mrs. Nicholas, in Lexington, on the 29th day of November next.
The sales at the Court House door, in Lexington, and at Mrs. Nicholas's house, to commence at 12 o'clock, and to continue until sold. The whole of the said property will be sold, or so much as will raise the sum of £3086 14 1 4, with interest at 6 per centum per annum, from the 1st day of January 1798, to the time of sale.
Gilson Payne, James Boyd, John McIntire, Thomas Bodley, John Bradford & Thomas Hart jun. Comrs. 4w Oct. 25, 1803.
ON the fifteenth day of November next, commissioners will meet at my house, in Montgomery county, and continue from day to day, until the business is completed, to take the depositions of witnesses to perpetuate their testimony, to establish the improvement called for in an entry of 1000 acres of land made in the name of William Farrow, on Grassy Lick, and to do such other things as may be necessary and agreeable to law.
William Farrow, attorney in fact for William Farrow. Oct. 21, 1803.
NOTICE. IS hereby given, that I shall attend with the commissioners appointed by a order of the county court of Fayette, on Friday the 25th day of November next, and adjourn from day to day until the business is completed, at Thompson's mill in the said county, on the Town Fork of Elkhorn, and thence proceed to the place where a walnut tree stood marked RT, the beginning of an entry of 1000 acres made on a treasury warrant, in the name of Robert Thompson, October 10th, 1780, on the Town Fork of Elkhorn, about six miles below Lexington, and half a mile South of the creek, in order to take the depositions of witnesses, to perpetuate their testimony respecting the said beginning, and such other calls of the said entry as may then be deemed necessary, and to do such other things as may be necessary, and agreeable to the act of assembly in such cases made & provided. Jacob M'Connohy. October 24th, 1803.
Taken up by John Richardson, Clarke county, living on the waters of Red river, one mile from the mouth, a Brown Mare, two years old past, a few grey hairs in her forehead, neither docked nor branded; appraised to 91. 10s. August the 20th 1803. D. Hampton j. p.
Blank Deeds, On Parchment and Paper—for sale at this office.
PAMPHLETS, ON a variety of interesting subjects, for sale at the office of the Kentucky Gazette.
† There is a class of men at Edinburgh and other universities in Europe, called Grinders, who for pay will obtain degrees for students of every description. They write for students the common questions which are put at examinations, and the answers which please the professors, which the student commits to memory. They also write their Theses, and the defence which is to be made of it.

SONG,
Sung with universal applause in the character of Ippone in the new opera of "Ayto Ayla, or the Source of the Nile."
WHEN I was a young one So pretty and smart, I dreamt not, I thought not, that I had a heart:
I kiss'd all the men, And I kiss'd all the ladies, And I rompd with the boys As I play'd with rag babies;
When arrived in my teens, Still void of all art, I dreamt not, I thought not, that I had a heart.
The men they all bow'd And vow'd I was pretty; My Parrot I thought Was more charming than witty;
DIVERSITY.
ONCE on the festival of St. Stephen, a monk was to deliver a panegyric on the saint, and it being late before he began, the priests, who feared the preach- ing might detain them too long, begged him to abridge his discourse. He mounted the pulpit and addressed the audi- tors. "Brothers! it is one year to day, since I delivered before you a panegyric on the saint whose festival we celebrate. As I have not heard that he has per- formed any thing new since, I have nothing to add to the encomium, which I then passed upon him."
MANUFACTURE OF KNIVES AT THIERS, IN FRANCE.
The subdivision of labour in this manufacture is highly remarkable.— 1. The iron in bars are subject to the action of great hammers, moved by the force of water, which reduce the bars to the requisite breadth and thickness. 2. The blacksmith at the forge then cuts out and fashions the blade. 3. In the mean time an- other workman prepares the hold of iron to which the blade is to be fix- ed. 4. Another makes the spring. 5. A different person prepares the handle. 6. A woman forms the or- naments, which are to appear where the nails fasten the pieces of the handle together. 7. The rough un- polished blades are put into the hands of a workman whose business it is to file it down. 8. From him it is transferred to another, who polishes it and sharpens it to the proper deli- cacy of edge. 9. Lastly another person takes all these different pieces, and puts it together in a knife. Each of these nine different persons con- fines himself for life to his own branch of work. The whole number of inhabitants in the town is but 15,000; and of those 10,000 are thus employed in the manufacturing of cutlery. The peasantry of the environs, to the distance of some miles around, follow the same occupa- tion. And in this small and infer- tile district, there are probably not fewer than 20,000 persons who earn their subsistence by making knives and scissors.
This is in fact Sheffield of France. Much of its wares are exported to Spain, Mexico, Peru, Buenos-Ayres, to the East India Company, and to the East and West Indies. The knives of Thiers are sold by the manufacturer at three shillings and four pence sterling a gross, consisting of twelve dozen; the scissors at five shillings per gross. Even the dear- est are not retailed at more than ten pence a piece.
NATURAL CURIOSITY.
IN the state of North Carolina, and neighborhood of Salisbury, about eight years ago, a very remarkable wall was discovered. Its distance from Third creek, a considerable stream, is about one quarter of a mile, from the South Yad- kin river, about two and a half or three miles; and from the Atlantic ocean, not less than one hundred and sixty or seventy miles. Its direction is nearly northwest and south east. Since its dis- covery various attempts have been made to ascertain its length, breadth, depth, and the materials of which it is compos- ed. Its top is at unequal distances, be- low the surface of the earth, though it generally rises as the surface rises, and sinks as it sinks. A pit has been dug beside the wall, to the depth of twenty feet, but no appearance of its termi- nation downwards. The thickness is uniformly the same, viz. two feet. Its length has not been ascertained; but from the place where the pit has been sunk, the wall has been known to extend more than one hundred feet down the hill, and parallel with a branch which runs near. Above the pit it ex- tends one hundred and fifty feet in a direct line. It then forms a segment of a large circle, for about 15 feet, and then proceeds in a right line, parallel with, but six or seven feet out of the first direction. The face on each side the wall, is smooth and even; all the stones of an irregular size and shape. The largest are near the size of common brick, the smallest not larger than the end of a man's thumb. The large stones are all laid lengthwise, across the wall— the small of which there are a great number, are used to fill up the inter- stices between them. The texture of the stone is of a peculiar kind, and dif- ferent from any in the neighborhood, except one quarry, which is at the dis- tance from the wall of about one half of a mile. The cement is of a whitish color, and appears to contain much lime; but when analysed, yields iron without lime.
The discovery of this wall, which can scarcely be thought a natural production, seems to strengthen the opinion of those who believe that this Western World has once before been inhabited by a ci- vilized people, or at least visited oftener than history informs us of, and prior to its authenticated discovery by Colum- bus.
BROWN AND WEST'S PATENT WOODEN STILL
HAVE been in use for some time, in the vicinity of Lexington, and have re- ceived the most unequivocal approbation from more than two hundred Practical Distillers, whose certificates could be easily procured.
Any common carpenter or cooper can construct a distillery on this plan, in three or four days, and the cost of stills which will contain 500 gallons, will not exceed 100 dollars.
Spirit (of high proof and free from all disagreeable taste) is produced by one operation, which saves the expense and trouble of doubling.
These stills work more than three times as fast as the common stills and require a very small quantity of fuel.
Gentlemen, who are desirous of pur- chasing the Patent Right for states, coun- ties or single distilleries, will please to ap- ply to the Patentees in Lexington, Ken- tucky.
The price of Rights to individuals 50 dollars.
TOBACCO WANTED.
WALKER BAYLOR & SON,
WANT to purchase a quantity of
INSPECTED TOBACCO.
At any of the ware-houses on the Kentucky river, for which they will give CASH and MERCHANDIZE or ALL CASH in nine months. Apply at their store opposite the market- house, in Lexington.
September 27, 1803
For Sale, THAT VALUABLE FARM,
OR TRACT OF LAND,
On which I now live, formerly oc- cupied by the Reverend David Rice, containing 509 acres, in the county of Mercer, near Danville—it is in good repair, and in complete farm- ing order; it is as well watered as any tract of land of its size in the state. There is on said farm, a good
Dwelling House, Kitchen, Barn, Stables & other out Houses. Likewise, a large Stone Distillery, a good bearing Apple and Peach Orchard,
with sundry other valuable proper- ties, not necessary to mention, as any person wishing to purchase, will view the premises, and judge for themselves. The title is indisputa- ble.—For terms of sale apply to the Subscriber.
EDW. WORTHINGTON. Oct. 4, 1803. *2m
THE KENTUCKY MISCELLA- NY.
By Thomas Johnson Jun. may be had at this office.
Alex. Parker & Co.
Have just received from Philadel- phia, in addition to their former assortment
Rose and Striped Blankets assorted, Twilled, Grey, Blue and Striped Coatings Superfine Broad Cloths assorted, Second do. do. assorted, Double Milled Drabs assorted, Mixed and Drab Plaines, Scarlet Cardinals, Blue and Drab Knaps, Flannels and Baizes assorted, Chintzes and Callicoos assorted, Silk Shawls assorted, 4-4 Irish Linnen, Plain & Figured Cambric Mullins, Broad and Narrow Cord Dimities, Book and Coarse Mullins, Blue and Green Hair Plush, Kid and Morocco Slippers, Loaf Sugar and Coffee, London Particular, } Wines, Madeira and } Teneriffe } Pepper, Chocolate and Mustard, Indigo, and Spruce, Ochre and Tanner's Oil, 8 by 10 & 10 by 12 Window Glass, Queens' Glass & China Wares, Knives and Forks assorted, Best Millington Crowley Steel, Copper and Tin, Mill, Cross and Whip Saws, 6, 8, 10 & 12 oz. Nails, 2d. & 3d. Clout Nails, Tinn and Wheel Wire, &c. &c.
Which will make a general assort- ment for the present and approach- ing season, and which they will sell on the most moderate terms for CASH and HEMP.
Lexington, August 30th, 1803.
WANTED.
A Likely NEGRO GIRL, between the age of 10 and 18, for which Cash will be given.—Apply at Mr. Bodley's Office, Lexington. Sep. 20, 1803.
REMOVAL.
MACCOUN & TILFORD
Have removed their
STORE
To the House formerly occupied by Messrs. SAML. and GEO. TROTTER.
July 26th, 1803.
30 DOLLARS REWARD.
Ran away from the subscriber, about the 10th of April 1803, a Negro Man, called
RANDAL;
He is about 28 or 30 years of age, he is a small fellow but well set; of a dark mu- lti-color, pretends to know something of pug and railing; he can saw very well at bottom—he plays the fiddle after a negro fash- ion—he has marks on his back of the switch, and what is remarkable his great toe is much longer than the rest; he can read a little. It is most likely he is lurking about Gen. Levi Todds where he has a wife. Whoever will secure the above fellow in prison so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. William Ingram. August 20, 1803.
MADISON COUNTY, set.
September Term, 1803.
Joshua Dillingham, compl't.
against Alexander Carns and Willis Wat- kins, defts.
In Chancery.
THE defendants having failed to enter their appearance herein agree- able to law and the rules of this court, and not being inhabitants of this state; on motion of the com- plainant by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the first Monday in March next, and answer the bill of the com- plainant, and that a copy of this or- der be published for three months successively in the Kentucky Gazette or Herald, another set up at the court-house door of this county, and that a third be published at the Baptist stone meeting-house on Otter creek, some Sunday immediately af- ter divine service.
*12/ A Copy, Teste
WILL. IRVINE, C. M. C.
On the Fourth Friday in this month, Will be run over the Winchester course, [Clarke county.]
A PURSE RACE,
Of two mile heats, free for any horse, mare or gelding, who has ne- ver run the heats and won a purse or match race. On the succeeding day, will be a race of mile heats, for the entrance money of the first day. For information as to the terms of the race apply to Doct. ZECHARIAH FIELD, near the aforesaid town of Winchester.
7th October, 1803.
Clarke county, set. Taken up by John Davis, living on Howard's lower creek, a two year old Black Filley, near 14 hands high, a few white hairs in her face, no brand perceivable; appraised to 40 dollars, before me, this 17th of August 1803. Wm. McMillan.
WILLIAM WEST,
Has received, and is now opening for sale, in the store formerly occu-
pied by Mr. Robt. Barr, a
well chosen assortment of
Dry Goods and Stationary,
Glass and Queen's ware,
Iron Mongery and Hard Ware.
A handsome assortment of Saddlery.
In his assortment of Merchandise,
are the following articles, viz.
Imperial, } Young Hyson, } Hyson, } Hyson Skin and } TEAS, FRESH. Bohea } French Brandy, Old Jamaica Spirits & Acid, Madeira, } Sherry, } Old Teneriffe } WINES. Loaf Sugar, Coffee, Rice, Chocolate Raisins, Almonds, Pepper, Ginger, Allspice, Mustard, Mace and Cloves, Brimstone, Copperas, Alum, Indigo, Madder and Logwood.
FISH,
Salmon, Shad, and Herrings.
Anvils, Vices, Steel, Bell-mettle Skill-
lets, Spades and Shovels,
Tow, Cotton and Wool Cards
Gum Locks and Cutting Knives,
English and Dutch Scythes,
Brushes of various kinds,
Nankeens,
Men's Black and White Silk Stockings,
Women's Silk do.
Large and Elegant White Cotton
Counterpanes,
With many articles not here enumerated.
They have been selected with care,
and will be sold on as low terms as any
in this town, for Cash, Whiskey, Hemp,
Country made Linen, or such articles of
Produce as may suit him.
The subscriber to enable him to sell
cheap, has determined not to give credit
on any terms.
P. S. A few pieces of the best Lon-
don Superfine Cloths.
Also For Sale for Cash or Barter,
(By Wholesale.)
A quantity of MERCHANDIZE,
consisting chiefly of the following arti-
cles.
Fine, Tamboured, Figured & Book
Muslins, Ginghams, an elegant as-
sortment of Buttons, Muffs, Furs
Trimmings, a few pieces Fine Cloth,
Casimeres & Swansdown—Mousel-
deer Jacketings, Womens' and Child-
rens' Hats, &c. &c.
WILLIAM WEST.
A GREAT BARGAIN,
MAY be had in that valuable and
handsome seat whereon I now live,
in the county of Fayette, on Davy's
fork of Elkhorn, containing about
450 or 460 acres, well improved, the
dwelling house is of brick, two sto-
ries high, 46 feet long by 22 wide,
finished off in a neat manner, and a
very fine GRIST MILL, with two
pair of stones, one of which is French
Burr; the mills and dam were all
built anew last summer, and general-
ly thought to grind as fast as any
mills in the state; the dam and all
under-works of the mills are locust
timbers. There is about 130 acres
of open land, meadows and grass
lots included; springs and flock wa-
ter that was never known to fail.
The title is indisputable, and a ge-
neral warranty deed will be made to
the purchaser. The Terms are 15
dollars per acre, (the land being
made subject to the payments thereof)
one half in hand, the other half at
two equal payments of 12 months
each, or it may be bought for four
pounds per acre, by the cash being
paid down. I will sell the whole or
divide it to suit the purchasers, it
lying well to divide.—For further
particulars, by applying to the sub-
scriber living on the premises, any
person may be informed and shown. Likewise
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE.
700 acres Military Land, lying on
Brush creek, N. W. T. where the road
crosses from Limestone to Chillicothe;
this tract contains about three hundred
acres of rich bottom, the remainder is
well timbered; has on it a good mill
seat, and is an excellent stand for a pub-
lic house.
500 acres ditto ditto, lying on Clover
Lick creek, a branch of the East fork of
the Little Miami, N. W. T. in a good
neighborhood, about three miles from
Dunhams-Town, seven from Williams-
burg, and eleven to twelve from the O-
hio river.
1000 acres ditto ditto, lying on Brush
creek, a few miles from New Market,
N. W. T.
5000 acres, lying on Bank Lick creek,
Kentucky, part of two tracts, contain-
ing 6000 acres, surveyed and patented
for William Jones.
4000 acres, Clarke county, Kentucky,
part of a tract of eight thousand acres,
surveyed and patented for Richard Chin-
nevert.
3332 2-3 acres, Mason county, Ken-
tucky, part of 5000 acres, surveyed and
patented for George Underwood.
1200 acres, Mason county, Kentucky,
surveyed and patented for Moody and
M'Millin.
1000 acres Military land, on the wa-
ters of Russell's creek, Green river.
825 acres, Jefferson county, Ken-
tucky, about four miles from Louisville, 40
acres of this tract is cleared.
116 1-2 acres, Franklin county, Ken-
tucky, on the North fork of Elkhorn,
about six miles from Frankfort; on this
tract are considerable improvements.
A House and well improved Lot in
the town of Paris, on Main street, and
adjoining Mr. Hughes's tavern.
An Inn and Out Lot in said town.
Also a House and well improved Lot
in