Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1805-11-01 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE AND PUBLICK LEDGER.
VOL. II.]
FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 1, 1805.
[NO. 47.]
WHOLESALE PRICE-CURRENT.
NORFOLK, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1805.
   ARTICLES. per From To Remarks     BACON lb. 16 23   Beef, cargo bbl. 7 50   Prime 9 50   Mess 11   Brandy, Sp. 1st p. gal. 82 83   2d p. 82 83   3d p. 84 87   4th p. 85 88   Fr. 3d p. 1 1 5   4th p. 1 10 1 13   Peach, 90   Apple, 65 70   Bread, Pilot 100lb. 6   Navy. 5 50   Ship 3 50   Butter, Export. lb. 20 22   Candles, Dipt 20 22   Mould 23   Sperm. 65   Coal, English bus. 25 None   Virginia 22   Cocoa, Island 100lb. None   Caraccas 56 58   Coffee, W. India lb. 28 30   Cordage, Country 100lb. 14 14 50   Foreign 10 11   Cotton, Geo. Upland lb. 23 24 Scarce   Sea Island None   St. Domingo 30   Surinam None   Duck, American bolt. None   Ravens 14 15 Scarce   Russia 20 21   Holland 22 24   No. 1 to 7, English 34 40   Flour, Superfine bbl. 8 New.   Fine 7 50   Middlings 6   X ditto 6 50   Fish, Cod, dry quin. None   Herrings bbl. 4 75 5   Shad None   Fustick ton. 45   Gin, Holland, 1st p. gal. 95 1 Plenty   N. E. 1st p. 70 75   Grain, Wheat bus. None   Corn 85 84 dull   Barley None   Oats 58   Hemp, Russian ton. 275   Hides, Dried lb. 10 14   Hog's-Lard 15 20   Indigo, Plantant None   N. Orleans None   Iron, Pig ton. None   American ref. 120 125   Russia 100   Logwood, Bay 70 75   Camp. 80 82   Lead, Sheet 100lb. 12 50 14   Meal, Kiln-dried bbl. None   Mahogany, Bay sq. feet   St. Dom. 14 15   Molasses, gal. 38 44   Peas, Black-eyed bus. 75   Pepper, lb. 19 20   Pimento, 16 18   Pitch, bbl. 2 75 3   Pork, Cargo 16 50   Prime 17 50 18 50   Mess 20   Raisins, cask.   ditto, box. 4 Plenty   Rice, 100lb. 4 75   Rosin, bbl. 3 3 50   Rum, Jamaica, 4th p. gal. 90   Antigua, 3d p. 85   St. Croix, 3d p. 85   W. Island, 3d p. 77   Country, 57   Salt, St. Mart. bus.   Turks Island, 70 dull.   Isle May, 68   St. Ubes, 67   Cadiz, 60   Liverpool, 85   Soap, Brown, lb. 11 12   Castle, 25   Sugar, Muscovado, 100lb. 8 50 12 brisk   Hav. Brown, 11   White, 14 50 15   Shingles, Cyp. 22 in. M. 3 3 25   18 in. 3   Staves, W. O. hhd. 25 27   pipe 60 65   hhd. head 25 27   do. red oak 16 18   Tar, bbl. 2 25   Tobacco, Richmond, 100lb. 6 50 6 75   Petersburg, 3 50 6   Rappah. 4 50 6   Potomack, None   Tallow, Russia, lb. None   American, 14 16 Scarce   Turpentine, bbl. 2 50 2 75   Wax, Bees, lb. 37 None   Wines, Madeira, pipe. 230 350 Plenty.   Lisbon, gal. 1 25 1 30 Scarce   Teneriffe, 1 1 12   Sherry, 1 1 15 Plenty   Port, pipe. 160 220 Scarce   Malaga, gal. 1 1 10  
Premiums of Insurance on American Property.
   To Great-Britain, Ireland, Portugal, and Spain, without the Straights of Gibraltar. 4 4 1-2   France, Holland, Bremen, and Embden, 4 5   In the Mediterranean,   Madeira, Canaries, Azores, and Cape de Verd Islands, 4   British and Neutral Windward Islands from Barbadoes to St. Thomas 4 1-2 5   Jamaica and Honduras 12 1-2   Porto Rico, 6   Havanna, 4 1-2 5   Cape-Francois, (unarmed) cannot   Ports in the Bite of Leogane, be   Ports on the South side of St. Domingo, insured   Persia, India, and China, 4 1-2 5   Coasters, 2  
Prices of Stocks.
   Virginia Bank, 5 per cent. advance.   Norfolk Marine Insurance Company, shares at par, dull sale.   United States Bank, 540 ells. per share.   Exchange on London, 433 1-3 dollars for 100l. Ster.  
THIS PAPER IS PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A WEEK PRICE TO SUBSCRIBERS FIVE DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE—SINGLE PAPER TWELVE AND ONE HALF CENT—ADVERTISEMENTS ARE INSERTED AT THE RATE OF FIFTY CENTS FOR THE FIRST, AND TWENTY FIVE CENTS PER SQUARE FOR EACH SUCCEEDING INSERTION.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE AUGUSTA CHRONICLE. St. Louis, August 12, 1804.
DEAR SIR, I arrived here the 27th ultimo, after a most fatiguing journey, but thank God well, as was the case with col. Hammond, Mr. Pope, and the rest of our company—and agreeable to my promise when I saw you last, I now endeavour to fulfil part of that promise by writing you. We passed through a charming country both in west Tennessee, part of Kentucky and that most valuable tract called Indiana Territory, the whole of those lands surpassed any idea formed of them for fertility, in many places we passed through prairies where the grass is as high as a horse, and the land excellent and not a tree on them, they are from three to twelve miles in length, and nearly as broad, and afforded the most delightful landscapes I ever saw, and where we met with woodland, the cane grew on it as large and thick as in the low grounds on Savannah river, it is healthy and only wants inhabitants to cultivate it. I crossed several large rivers, say Holstein, French-Broad, Clinch Red, and the Ohio rivers, the last of which is the handsomest river I ever saw, being about one mile and a quarter wide, clear and runs very gentle, I passed through two wildernesses, one of 150 miles in length, having every 20 miles a station, and the other about 120 miles without any houses but three, and infested with all kind of wild animals so that I think we were lucky in passing safe. The river Mississippi, on the banks of which this town is situated, is about one mile wide, runs rather rapid and is always muddy, as high up as the Missouri empties itself into it, which is 18 miles by water, and then the Mississippi becomes clear and is not so rapid, and is a beautiful river. The river Missouri, is where I saw it, 17 miles from hence about the same width and rapidity as the Mississippi, but always muddy, this no person can account for. There has been no late accounts from capt. Lewis, the last account was by the boat that carried him, which returned, he had then ascended the river Missouri two thousand five hundred miles, and then was among a nation of Indians, called the Mandene nation, which was the highest up the Missouri that any of the traders had ever been, they are in daily expectation of hearing from him. Government a few days past dispatched a boat to find out the source of the Mississippi, it is under the command of a lieut. Petic, a worthy officer, a good draftsman and artist, and who I make no doubt will give the United States a satisfactory account of it. This country appears to me as a new world, and not known by its former masters, but known I trust under the American government. This country from the information I have collected abounds with mines of different kinds—but the most profitable are the lead mines, their product is beyond conception. This town consists of about 300 houses, built in general after the French mode, the inhabitants chiefly French, (say Canadians) who have heretofore but a few among them been left in a servile state; however, since the adoption of the American government, begin to taste a little of the sweets of liberty, they are a well disposed set of people. The land adjoining this place is prairies, for about seven miles, but about twelve miles from hence, they are as good as I ever saw, the climate is much the same as that of Georgetown, Maryland, the water good and the inhabitants healthy, all this country wants is inhabitants, the advantages would be great. Lands produce from 50 to 60 bushels per acre on high land, and better wheat no country ever produced, the crops of wheat have been great, selling at 75 cents per bushel, it weighs from 60 to 70 lbs. per bushel, so that the main staff of life is easily procured, oats 37 1-2 cents per bushel and are very good and heavy.
I would advise emigrants coming to this country, to go through your state, (say Jackson county) as far as S. W. Point, where they can either descend the river Tennessee into the Mississippi, or come by land as they choose. The lands in upper Louisiana, will not in all probability be given or sold by the United States for some time to come, but Spanish rights to land can be purchased lower than what the United States will dispose of the lands here, so at all events emigrants will not suffer for want of land. The cattle here are remarkably fine, better beef is not to be had on the continent, and one great advantage is that they can winter themselves, hogs thrive well here and are large, in fact from what I can learn and what I have seen, it is a second Egypt. The trade of this country consists chiefly in furs and skins, all of which is chiefly sent by the lakes to Montreal and Quebec, the supplies of this trade are mostly brought by the lakes to this country. I am of opinion that this most valuable traffick ought to be attended to, so that the advantage arising from it ought either to benefit the United States, or the citizens belonging to them—as it is at present carried on it benefits neither—the furs are re-
markably fine. Mechanics are much in want, say carpenters, mill-wrights, wheel-wrights, blacksmiths, coopers, &c. and their wages are high—tailors, (decent ones) saddlers, and tanners would do well. The present mode of government is a temporary one, they are appointed judges and justices, who were such under the Spanish government, and who have not as yet lost sight of domineering over the inhabitants, and what I most dislike they are chiefly aristocrats!!! They are enemies to the emigration to this country, as they are convinced their greatness must diminish, as this country increases in population. We have no press here, (I mean printing press) and I think in a short time there will be an opening for a press, and that to the advantage of the person who carries it on. I hope when we get one here, it will be republican.
Your paper is received here, and much attention paid to it by the Americans, who are chiefly republicans—I must now request the favour of you sending me your paper per first post after the receipt of this, and to give the enclosed a place.
LITERARY SELECTIONS,
From the United States Gazette.
Mr. Roscoe, in his Life of Leo the Tenth, has preserved the following curious account of the pious operation of burning Martin Luther's books in St. Paul's Church yard. Popes sentence against Martin Luther, published at London.
From the Cottonian MSS. in the British Museum.
The xij daye of Maye in the yeare of our lord 1511, and in the thirteenth yeare of the Reigne of our Soveraigne Lord Kinge Henry the eighte of that name, the lord Thomas Wolsey, by the grace of God Legate de Latere, Cardinall of Saint Cecely and Aarchbishop of Yorke, came unto saint Paules Church of London, with the most parte of the Byshops of the Realme, where he was received with procession, and sensid by Mr. Richard, Pace, then being Deane of the said Church. After which ceremonies done, there were four Doctors that bare a canope of cloth of gold over him goinge to the high Altar, where he made his oblation; which done, hee proceeded forth as above-said to the Cross in Paules Church Yeard, where was ordained a scaffold for the same cause, and he, sittinge under his cloth of estate which was ordained for him, his two crosses on everie side of him; on his right hand sittinge on the place where hee set his feete, the Pope's ambassador, and nexte him the Archbishop of Canterbury; on his left hand the emperor's Ambassador, and next him the Bishop of Duresme, and all the other byshops with other noble prelates state on twoe formes outright forthe, and ther the byshop of Rochester made a sermon by the consentinge of the whole clergie of England, by the commandement of the Pope against one Martinus Eleuthereus, and all his workes, because hee erred sore, and spake against the hollie faith; and denounced them accursed which kept anie of his bookes, and there were manie burned in the said church yeard of his said bookes duringe the sermon, which ended, my lord Cardinal went home to dinner with all the other prelates.
The following Miscellaneous extracts are from a very popular publication, the "Monthly Anthology."
IMPUNITY OF THE CLASSICKS.
We hear much of late, from the opposers of learning of the licentiousness of the classicks, and of its effects on youth. Those who can read them however, laugh at the charge. Would such writings have received the approbation and almost devotion of Hooker, of Hales, of Mede, and of Fenelon? I designedly name men of even punctilious piety. The truth is, the charge proceeds from those who do not read the classicks; all who do, know that it is groundless. The impurity, which words can excite, arises from irregular associations these associations, if they exist cannot be excited by the words of a language which has ceased to be spoken. With a man indeed of such an imagination so polluted as to find impurity in the most unmeaning expression, this may not be true. But happily debauchees never read the classicks. In order however to destroy the efficacy of this feeble weapon, expurgated editions of the most licentious writers have been published and in their zeal the university of Paris sometimes proceed to a laughable extreme. It must certainly, for instance, be a most termigant chastity, which can apprehend danger from Horace's Dulce ridendum Dalagen al-mabo yet it was thought necessary to change the line to Dulce ridentes socios and an edition was actually published with this mutilation.
POETRY OF MOORE.
But harmless as is the licentiousness of the classicks, it is impossible to look with equal indifference on the same fault in our own language, and in our own times. The poetry of
Moore is read with emotions bordering on horror, by every mind which retains sanctity and healthiness of principle. It is indeed without parallel. Even Catullus, the careless and vivacious libertine Catullus in an age of the deepest profligacy, thinks some apology necessary and confesses,
Castum esse decet pium poetam, though he thinks that a writer of little verses may be indulged with some licence. It is then a subject of serious and almost awful consideration, that in the present state of society any writer should presume thus to cry "Havock" against decency, and that his poems should find admission into any other libraries than those of a brothel. I feel and admire the talents of Moore. But is his reputation to rest on no noble basis? Can he consent to be defied by prostitutes, or to have his praises chanted only amid the wild and lascivious revelry of the crew of Comus? Is this a worthy exercise of the bright-eyed fancy of the poet? And can he think, without shuddering, that his writing may have contributed to awaken the yet dormant passions of innocence, or to revive the loathsome prurience of grey and tottering iniquity?
FOR A PORT IN FRANCE,
The American Brig  VIRGINIA, Captain S. Hill. Burthen about 200 hogheads—having a part of her cargo engaged, the balance will be taken upon a moderate freight, if immediate application is made to  John Newell, jun.
WHO HAS FOR SALE,
BURR STONES AND PLASTER PARIS, received per said Brig from Cherbourg. October 28. tf 233
FOR SALE,
The good Brig  FAIR AMERICAN, Now lying off Loyall's Wharf, and ready to take in a cargo—A good bargain may be had if application is made on or before the 8th day of November; if not sold before that time, she will then be offered at Publick Auction, on 3, 6, and 9 months credit, for approved indorsed paper. Apply to Thomas Seaman, or  Wm. Hartshorne, jun. October 28. 234
FOR PHILADELPHIA,
The Schooner  CHARMING MARY, Norfolk and Richmond Packet.— Having two-thirds of her cargo engaged, will sail in all next week. For terms apply to  Thomas Allan.
ALSO, FOR SALE,
Two Pair Double Fortified 4 Pounders, with Carriages complete.—Apply as above. October 28.
FOR BOURDEAUX,
The fast sailing coppered Ship  SUSAN & SARAH, James Manner, Master:— Having excellent accommodations, will take freight and passengers, on application to the Master on board, or to  Moses Myers. October 28. tf 232
FOR SALE, OR CHARTER,
The Brig  ANN ELIZABETH, Burthen about 1300 barrels—Will be sold on liberal terms, if immediate application be made to  JOHN BROWN, Marsden's Wharf. October 25. 2w 231
FOR BORDEAUX,
The Brig  CATHARINE, Capt. John Chilton. Burthen 150 hhd. Tobacco—will be ready to receive a Cargo in ten days—For freight or passage apply to Mr. John Foster, Richmond; Messrs. Galt & Parker, Petersburg; or  Thomas Wilcock. October 18. tf 217
MOLASSES.
Landing this day, from the Schooner Virginia, Captain Forsyth, on Gibson's Wharf. For Sale, by  Edward Roberts.
FOR SALE OR FREIGHT.
The said Schooner is offered  FOR SALE OR FREIGHT. Burthen 1200 barrels. Also on Hand, A few Tons Chipt Campeachy LOGWOOD. St. Domingo and Bay MAHOGANY. Pennington's LOAF SUGAR, in Hogsheads and Barrels. October 16. tf 210
FOR FREIGHT, OR CHARTER,
To a Port in France, The Prussian Brig  TWO FRIENDS, BOYLAU, Master:— Burthen about 200 hogheads tobacco.—For terms apply to the Master on board, or  WILLIAM PENNOCK. October 14. 3w 205
FOR LIVERPOOL,
The excellent Ship  EDWIN, Thomas, Master:— Can take 100 hogheads on freight, if immediate application be made to  Moses Myers. October 2. 3w 183
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER,
(To a Port in France,) The fine new Ship,  SUSAN, Captain LOERING:— Burthen 350 hogheads tobacco. Will be ready for the reception of a cargo in ten days. For terms, apply to Captain Loering, or  Donaldson, Thorburn & Co.
WHO HAVE THE CARGO OF SAID SHIP FOR SALE, CONSISTING OF ABOUT 5,500 Bushels LISBON SALT. And some choice Old WINE, in quarter casks. September 6. tf 133

NEW-JERSEY POLITICKS.—In that State as well as in New-York and Pennsylvania, it appears that a third party has made its appearance, and with some effect, as will be seen by the article which we have copied into our paper of this day from the Trenton Federalist.
We cannot but smile at the impotent attempts, which we perceive certain papers are making to check the impetuosity of this current of publick sentiment.
We are aware of some typographical errors which are to be found in the French verses published in our last, they had not their origin with us, but in the paper from which they were copied.
Captain Cockran of the brig Hope, in 58 days from Ayomonte (in Spain) states that prior to his departure, it was known that the combined fleet was in Cadiz, composed of 29 sail of the line, and 8 frigates.
On Saturday last, the schooner Sisters from Fredericksburg, with a cargo of flour for this place, in a violent snow storm, got upon Cape Charles.—The vessel is lost, but the principal part of the cargo is saved.
ORIGINAL SEA WIT.—A Tar passing by one of those corners in this place, where idlers assemble for the benefit of the sun in cold weather, observed one basking himself, he called out "Ho! brother, what latitude are you in, I see you are taking the sun."
A Sailor passing one, in our market, on a stormy morning, who held an umbrella over his head, with scarcely any thing remaining but the sticks called to him, "hard weather brother, I see you are scudding under bare poles."
MARRIED—Last evening by the Rev. Mr. Grigsby, Mr. THOMAS BALLS, to Miss CATHARINE MURPHY.
DIED—At Richmond, HENRY BENSKIN LIGHTFOOT, Esq. of the Island of Antigua. This Gentleman was a native of Virginia, but had resided a long time in Antigua; while urbanity of manners and philanthropy of soul, engage our affections, the memory of Mr. LIGHTFOOT, will be cherished with tender recollection by those who had the pleasure of his acquaintance.
At Charleston, Mr. LORING ANDREWS, one of the Editors and Proprietors of the Charleston Courier.
Our laws very wisely and justly provide for the safe keeping of the property of idiots and lunatics, that they may not waste their substance, impoverish their families, and become chargeable to the publick.
ty, to improve it in the best possible manner, and to maintain him and his family out of the proceeds. Such a law, though some objections may be raised against it, would, I think, be of great service to society.
(Trenton True American)
MILTON has the following remarks upon Mispent Time: "Hours have wings, and fly up to the author of time, and carry news of our usage. All our prayers cannot intreat one of them either to return or slacken his pace:—Every minute mispent is a new record against us in Heaven.
SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
NEW-MARKET FALL MEETING, October 22nd, 1805.
Commenced with a Post Sweepstakes, for 4 years old horses and mares, the latter allowed 2 lbs. entrance $ 200, play or pay. Mr. Mosby's s. h. Chesterfield, by Diomed, 1 1
Second Day.
The Jockey Club Purse of $ 400, 4 mile heats, weight for age. Mr. Wilkes's g. g. Surprise, by Belair, 6 years old, 1 1
Third Day.
The Proprietor's Purse of $ 225, 3 mile heats, weight for age. Mr. Ball's bl. h. Escape, by Saltram, 4 years old, 2 1 1
Fourth Day.
A post Sweepstakes for 3 years old colts and fillies, the latter allowed 2lbs. entrance $ 200, play or pay—seven subscribers. Mr. Johnson's b. f. Carolina, by Saltram, 1 1
Fifth Day.
A Handy-Cap Purse of $ 300, 2 miles heats, entrance $ 30—four subscribers. Mr. Johnson's Cœur-de-Lion, by Cœur-de-Lion, 4 years old, 100 lbs. 2 1 1
Time—4 4 9
* Mr. Gray's horse was said to be injured by a kick during the heat.
The English nation continue dissatisfied with the conduct of admiral Calder; which has been increased by the official letters of admiral Villeneuve. The ministerial papers have begun to speak loudly on the subject.
to trial, or inquiry, for his conduct. It is stated, that he has been superceded in his command by lord Nelson.—N. T. Dai. Adv.
The following extracts respecting the yellow fever, will shew that it visited this country at a much earlier period than is generally supposed:
"The following summer (1703) was remarkable for an uncommon mortality, which prevailed in the city of New-York, and makes a grand epoch amongst our inhabitants, distinguished by the time of the great sickness.
"By orders dated April, 1746, from the Secretary of State, at the court of Great-Britain, all the British governors in North America are required to raise each of them so many independent companies of one hundred men as they can spare and effect," &c. "The yellow fever at this time prevailed at Albany, therefore the troops for the expedition rendezvous at Saratoga."—[1 Vol. Douglas's History of N. America, p. 315.]
FROM THE TRENTON FEDERALIST.
New-Jersey Election.—The result of the late election in New-Jersey bodes nothing good to that part of the democrack party denominated revolutionists.
The disappointment which the people have thus expressed of the conduct of those who have lately held the reins of government, is honourable to themselves and deserving of praise.
It has ever been the opinion of persons of reflection and information, that "worse or better men" would soon succeed those who so suddenly broke in upon the peace of the State and seized its government.
The changes which have taken place in the democrack counties are to be ascribed, principally, to the outrageous appointments which have been made by the legislature, and the avidity with which the old members have seized upon every office within their reach, either for themselves, their relations or their particular friends.
The evident re-action in the publick mind, manifested by the late election, affords but a dull prospect of success to the projectors of new systems of jurisprudence and other revolutionary measures in New-Jersey.
The result then, of this election, is favourable to stable government. It may also be regarded as propitious to the views of governor Bloomfield, in retaining his present office and power.
We have heard from all the federal counties save Cape May. In these no political change has taken place, excepting Somerset, which returned last year three democrack members out of four to the legislature, but now has given a full federal representation.
FROM THE WASHINGTON FEDERALIST.
Mr. Kind.—Although I cannot coincide with Dr. Swift, in considering that man who causes "one blade of grass to grow" more useful than the "whole herd of politicians," yet I do value very highly all agricultural improvements.
From a train of reasonings, I was led to believe that the common sea pit or mineral coal which is so abundant in the United States—when finely pulverised—might prove a useful manure.
In three small pots I put equal quantities of a yellow clay which had lately been removed from several feet below the surface of the earth.
After this experiment was made, I procured several small pots, and in each put the same quantity of clay. To the first, I added a drachm of sea coal, to the second a drachm of horse manure—to the third the same quantity of Plaster of Paris, and to the fourth the same quantity of common ashes.
Pit coal must be cheaper than any article used as a manure, since it is found in so many parts of this country. The above experiments unquestionably shew that when powdered, its power in quickening the vegetation of corn and wheat, is much greater than any manure with which we are acquainted.
I congratulate my fellow citizens of Virginia, on the prospect of renovating their large tracts of impoverished lands.
THOS. EWELE. George Town, district of Columbia, 1800.

REMARKABLE DECISION
Of the Tribunal at the Havana, upon a Bill of Exchange.
As this was a decision upon a case unattended by any circumstance of ambiguity; upon a Bill of Exchange regularly drawn for value acknowledged to be received at the time of drawing, it may not be amiss to give it publicity, that the publick may know how to appreciate bills drawn in that place (the Havana) in the event of the drawee refusing to honour them. To judge correctly of the nature of this decision, we premise the outlines of a contract which led to the drawing of the bill. I. S. A. purchased of N. B. a ship, for the purpose of making a voyage to the Havana. To effect the voyage it was necessary for A. to put the ship under the Spanish flag, and the conditions of purchase were, that if A. should think proper, and should be permitted by the government at Havana to restore the ship to the American flag, in that port, in that case, it should be in his option to reconvey the ship to B. he (A.) paying to B. a consideration stipulated in the contract, for the run of the ship; but in the event of his not wishing, or not being permitted to restore the American flag, in that case it was stipulated for him to hold the ship, and to make payment for the same to B. by bills drawn by N. F. to whom the ship was addressed, on him (A.) in favour of B. The American flag was not permitted to be restored; bills were drawn by F. agreeable to contract; A. refused to honour them; they were protested and returned to the drawer F. who also refused to make payment. The bills were now laid before the Consulado, a tribunal of high authority, and to whom subjects of this nature are required to be referred. The Spanish laws upon bills of Exchange, like the English, admit of no plea to be brought in bar to the payment of bills regularly made; and even though a valuable consideration should not appear from any other evidence that the declaration in the bill, to have been received, still the drawer by the act of drawing binds himself to pay in default of the drawee. Such is the law. But in the body of the bills laid before the Consulado, there was not only a declaration, but the property making the consideration, was designated. F. was cited before the Consulado, and there were but two possible questions to make: Did you draw these bills? Yes. Have you been regularly notified of their non-payment? Yes. There was no doubt with any merchant relative to the decision of the Consulado, and that it would order the bills paid. —It has decreed, however, that F. ought not to pay, because he received no valuable consideration, though the face of the bill declares otherwise, and denominates the consideration received; he decree adds however—at present. But if F. is exonerated on the grounds assigned by the Consulado, it is difficult to comprehend how he is to become liable by any lapse of time. It is the nature of injustice to blunder into nonsense and absurdity. At a tribunal where a sense of justice is but a secondary motive, it cannot be expected that an intricate subject will meet a very scrupulous investigation. A degenerate spirit is incompetent to discriminate accurately, and some allowance is to be made for habitual corruption. But when upon a question of justice between individuals, it disregards contracts made by its own laws, and in terms not to be misunderstood, it is not only impressive, but exceedingly impolitic. It is by such outrageous steps, and prostitution of character, that a nation falls into contempt abroad, and it is from such measures, practised at home, that it ultimately sinks under the indignation of its subjects.
CHARLESTON, October 21.
The brig William and Mary, Easterby, captured on her passage from this port to Amsterdam, and carried into Yarmouth, (E.) has been released on paying costs. The decision in this case determines the principle that the late orders of the British government for bringing in American vessels and cargoes, not the produce of the United States, are only intended to apply (as in the case of the Essex) where the neutral took her cargo originally in the colony of the enemy.
On Thursday last, about one hundred miles to the eastward of the bar, captain Hutchinson, of the ship Rolla, from Liverpool, fell in with the French privateer schooner Superb, captain Dominique, and was ordered to come on board the privateer with his papers. This order capt. H. immediately complied with; but no sooner had he got on board than he was surrounded by fifteen or twenty Frenchmen, Spaniards, and mulattoes, who with violent threats and much abuse, drawing their knives and daggers, were proceeding to take his papers by force. This capt. H. resisted, but shewing each of his papers separately, they were satisfied of the property being American, and told him he might proceed.
While capt. Hutchinson was undergoing this examination, a lieutenant and six of the privateersmen jumped into the Rolla's boat, and going on board the ship commenced a most disgraceful scene of plunder—breaking open the chests in the cabin, stealing every article they could lay their hands on, and otherwise behaving like savages and pirates. On capt. H. returning to the ship they were about taking away his boat—upon his refusing to give her up, the privateersman struck him several times, and threatened to stab him—but finding him resolute and determined not to give up his property without a struggle, they went off.
Capt. Hutchinson was informed by some of the crew, that they had engaged a ship off our
bar, which they supposed to be a Guineaman; and that they had four men killed in the action. The sails and rigging of the privateer were much cut, but her hull did not appear to have received much injury.—A great number of wounded men were on the decks, one of whom captain H. supposed to be the captain. —They also confirmed the report of the captain having shot the lieutenant, for attempting to haul down the colours.—The privateer had but two guns mounted—the rest, they stated, were in the hold. Captain H. observed several people below, whom he supposed to be prisoners; but was not suffered to speak to any of them.— Courier.
Furniture for Sale. On FRIDAY, the 8th of November, WILL BE SOLD, At the late Dwelling of Capt. Thomas Clark, deceased, in Portsmouth, a handsome assortment of Household and Kitchen FURNITURE, CONSISTING OF One elegant Eight Day Clock, Side Board, Beds, &c.—The House is offered for rent or lease, on moderate terms.—Apply to the subscriber in Norfolk. Alexander Clark, Adm'r. October 30. 240
October 22. The French national corvette La Faune, one of the squadron which engaged the frigate Blanche, has been captured by the British frigate Camilla, and has arrived at Plymouth. The French squadron which engaged the Blanche, consisted of two frigates and two corvettes, mounting 102 guns, with 870 seamen, and 230 soldiers. The French Commodore, (Beaudin) on receiving capt. Mudge's sword on the quarter deck, returned it to him directly, accompanied with a very handsome speech on his gallantry, in opposing so superior a force. The gallant capt. Mudge, is son of the celebrated Dr. Mudge of Plymouth. The French Commodore, being of the old French nautical school, behaved with the utmost politeness to capt. M. his officers, and ship's company.
PARIS, August 21. MINISTRY OF THE MARINE. Vice-Admiral Villeneuve, to the Minister of the Marine and of the Colonies.
On board his Majesty's ship the Bucentaure, in the road of Vigo, 10th Thermidor year 13.
Monsieur—I have rendered you an account of the engagement that I had on the 3d Thermidor, with the English squadron consisting, I believe, of fifteen ships of the line, and several frigates and sloops of war. I have had the honour to inform you at the same time of the several manoeuvres by which I contrived to preserve the advantage of the wind in the action and to disconcert the project that the enemy, had manifested of placing the rear of my squadron between two fires.
The fog which covered us had prevented me from giving, during the battle, the orders that it might require; but, after a cannonade of about three hours, the enemy having stood away, I had every reason to think I had the advantage of the action, when the first clear weather made known to me that there were two Spanish ships missing of the fleet. I flattered myself at first that they had stood away for a Spanish port; but as I have heard nothing of them, and have learned since that one of them was dismasted, I have reason to think that they may have fallen to leeward and drifted amidst the enemy.
In vain did I use every effort on the 4th and 5th to force the English admiral to a new engagement; he constantly employed every means to avoid it. On the 7th, perceiving him no more, I steered for Ferrol, to unite there under my flag the squadron of his Imperial Majesty and that of his Catholic Majesty, commanded by lieutenant general Grandellana.
I struggled for two days against a strong gale from the north east, and a high sea, which obstructed my voyage so much, that I determined to anchor at Vigo, for the purpose of landing my wounded, with some sick men of the land troops that are on board the squadron, and to take in water, which the Achille and Algesiras stood in need of, having been unable to stop a sufficient time in the West-Indies to provide themselves with their complement.
In my engagement of the third, we fought only at a great distance, and I send you a statement of the killed and wounded, which is very insignificant.
Your excellency may depend that I shall remain but a short time in this road, and that as soon as I have taken in my water, I shall seek after the English squadron, without, however, neglecting the mission that is entrusted to me.
As the admiral who fought me had most certainly three of his ships disabled from keeping the sea, I do not think he has more than twelve remaining.
I cannot sufficiently praise the talent and noble conduct of admiral Gravina: all the Spanish ships behaved with the greatest bravery; but I am still at a loss to comprehend the event of the two ships which are missing.
However your excellency conceives that two ships unrigged may have drifted into the enemy's line, without it being possible for me to afford them any succour, since the fog entirely prevented my seeing their state and position.
I beg you to assure his majesty the emperor, that I did every thing possible to attack the enemy anew; that I obstinately pursued him; and that he always declined the combat. Be also kind enough to assure his majesty, that I cannot bestow sufficient encomiums on the captains and crews of the squadrons I have the honour to command; and that if we have the good fortune to fall in with the squadron that I fought, we will give it a good account of ourselves.
I pray you to accept my respect. VILLENEUVE.
IMPERIAL SQUADRON, UNDER THE ORDERS OF ADMIRAL VILLENEUVE. Statement of the men killed and wounded in the engagement of the 3d Thermidor, year 13. Bucentaure—3 killed, 3 wounded—among the last is a lieutenant de vaisseau.
Formidable—4 killed, 6 wounded—petty officers, seamen and soldiers. Indomptable—1 killed, 1 wounded—among the last is an ensign de vaisseau. Neptune—1 killed, 7 wounded—petty officers, seamen and soldiers. Pluto—8 killed, 22 wounded—among the last are a lieutenant de vaisseau and two midshipmen. Mont-Blanc—6 killed, 11 wounded—among the last a midshipman. Atlas—10 killed, 32 wounded—the commander, two lieutenants and one enseigne de vaisseau, two midshipmen and two land officers are among the wounded. Berwick—2 killed, 8 wounded—the captain of the frigate and two midshipmen, among the wounded. Intrepid—5 killed, 5 wounded—among the killed are the commander and the enseigne. Swiftsure—none. Scipion—none. Aigle—4 killed—sailors and soldiers. Algesiras—none. Achille—none. Total, 44 killed, 95 wounded. Names of the Spanish ships which have had men killed and wounded. Argonaute, 4 3. Terrible, 1 4. America, 3 8. Espagne, 3 6. According to the statement delivered in by the chief of the staff of the Spanish squadron. 11 21
On board the Bucentaure, in the road of Vigo, 12th Thermidor, year 13. The Commissary of the squadron. CUVELIER.
Gazette Marine Memoranda. ARRIVED.
Brig Hope, Cockran, 58 days from Ayomote, (Spain) Ballast, the Captain.—Left there the 3d Sept. brig Eliza, Nye, for Bourdeaux the next day; brig —, Connell, of New-York; sch'r Union, Taylor, of Providence.—Oct. 17, in lat. 36, 33, long. 73, 34, spoke sch'r Alfred, of and from Alexandria, bound to Madeira, 4 days out. Ship Caledonian, Dickson, 9 days from Newburyport, Ballast, Wm. Dickson. Sch'r Enterprize, Fitzhugh, 30 days from Tobago, Rum, Harrison Allmand. Sch'r Sally Barker Windsor, Denham, 12 days from Boston.
NORFOLK CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
The MEMBERS are reminded that Monday next, the 4th inst. will be their regular Monthly Meeting, the hour of meeting is 7 o'clock in the Evening. November 1. 250
For Bordeaux, (To sail by the 15th inst.) The Brig CATHARINE, Capt. JOHN CHILTON.—For passage only, apply to the Master on board, or THOMAS WILLOCK. November 1. 249
For Liverpool, THE AMERICAN SHIP ELIZA, Burthen 420 hogheads, now in complete order to receive a cargo, a part of which is already engaged, for the balance apply to the owners. C. & F. WHITTLE. November 1. tf 248
A parcel of Prime PORK for Sale, November 1. tf 248
FOR LONDON, The Ship SUFFOLK, John Bryant, Master, Having two thirds of her cargo engaged, will sail in all this month. For freight of the balance, or passage, having good accommodations, apply to the captain on board, William Mackenzie, & Co. of Richmond, or John Mackenzie, & Co. November 1. tf 243
For Freight or Charter, The new fast sailing SHIP CALEDONIAN, JOHN DICKSON, Master, burthen 356 tons.—For terms apply to WILLIAM DICKSON. November 1. tf 245
FOR NANTZ, The American Brig ALEXANDER, Captain WILLIAM LAUGHTON. Burthen about 200 tons.—Two-thirds of her cargo being engaged, will sail by the 25th instant.—For freight of the balance or passage, having good accommodations, apply to the Captain on board, or John Newell, jun. October 11. tf 196
OFFICE OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT, Norfolk, November 1, 1805.
WANTED TO PURCHASE, A few Thousand Pounds Sterling, in approved endorsed Bills on London, at sixty days, or Bills drawn on any other place, and made payable there. ROBERT OLIPHANT, Cashier. November 1. tf 246
NEW BEEF. The Subscribers have just received and offer for sale, 100 Barrels NEW BEEF, Boston Inspection. Phinehas Dana, & co. November 1. tf 247
TO BE SOLD OR HIRED, A likely Mulatto MAN, who is a most excellent driver, and perfectly understands the management of horses.—He is only parted with on account of the proprietor not having immediate use for him.—Apply to the Editor of the Publick Ledger. November 1. tf 244
REMOVAL. THOMAS LUMSDEN, Watch-Maker, &c. HAS removed from No. 3, Water-Street, to the Brick-House at the corner of Rothery's Lane and Main-Street, opposite Captain Pennock's, and lately occupied by Doctor Hodges.—Grateful for favour experienced, assures his friends and customers that every effort will be exerted to merit a continuation of their patronage. October 23. 3M 227
AUCTION.
On Friday the 22nd. day of November, WILL BE SOLD ON COMMERCE STREET WHARF, The Sale to commence at 10 o'clock. The remainder of the Cargo of the Brig Nancy, From the Cape of Good Hope, consisting of the following articles, viz. 100 Casks of CAPE WINE. 20 do. of do. of very superior quality. 3 do. of MUSCAT. 5 do. of CONSTANTIA. 44 do. of ALOES. 19 do. of TAMERINDS. 4 do. of BRANDY. Terms—All sums exceeding 1000 dollars, 4 & 6 months—all sums above 500 and under 1000 dollars, 2 & 4 months—all sums above 100 and under 500 dollars, 60 days—all sums not exceeding 100 dollars, Cash.—Approved Notes with indorsers, will be required. John Granbery, V. M. October 18. tds 216
NOTICE.
All Persons indebted to the Estate of Captain Thomas Clark, deceased, are requested to make immediate payment, and those having claims against it, to furnish their accounts properly authenticated to Alexander Clark, Adm'r. October 30. tf 241
NOTICE.
PETITIONS will be presented to the next General Assembly of this State, for the following objects, to wit: 1st.—To alter the present mode of electing the Common Council of the Borough of Norfolk, and to subject the voters to fines for non-attendance. 2nd.—To enable the Mayor, Recorder, and Common Council to enforce, by bye-laws, similar to those in Alexandria, the paving of the streets, and more effectually to remove nuisances and improve the health of the town. 3rd.—To extend the jurisdiction of the Corporation Courts, so as to allow process for apprehending criminals and fugitives, to be served any where upon the waters within the limits of the Port of Norfolk and Portsmouth. 4th.—To authorise the Corporation Court to keep or let out the right of Ferryage from the Borough of Norfolk, to the opposite shores of Elizabeth River and Hampton, and to apply the profits thereof towards the support of an Hospital for the reception of indigent sick persons (not belonging to any vessel) who may be seized with the Yellow Fever, or other diseases incident to seaport towns. 5th.—Further to amend the Charter of the Borough of Norfolk, in such manner that the same person may be re-elected Mayor from year to year not exceeding years; and, together with the Aldermen, to receive such compensation for his and their services as the Common Council shall deem reasonable, to be paid either out of the general funds of the town, or by a tax upon law process, bills of health, and so forth. 6th.—For an amendment of the Dock Law, so as to permit the fixture of Flood Gates at the Lower Bridge, on the back Creek, to keep in or let out at will, the water, for the greater comfort of the surrounding inhabitants, as well as for the improvement of the navigation of the creek below the bridge. 7th.—To amend and explain the Acts of Assembly respecting the appointment and duties of Harbour Masters, in such manner as shall in future prevent any interference between those who may be appointed by the County Courts, and those to be appointed by the Courts of the Corporation—letting each to depend upon their own industry, "as to bringing vessels to their mooring in the harbour," but not to interfere with vessels avowedly bound to, or which may be at the wharves or docks of the other. October 21. tma 219
THE Subscriber intends opening, on the first of November next, at Mr. Riffaud's Garden, in the upper room of the Vauxhall, an Evening School, for teaching the French Language. For particulars, application to be made to him at the said place; where translations of French, German, and Dutch, are done with accuracy and dispatch. DELACOSTE. October 28. 9 237
A FOREIGNER, Who understands English tolerably well, would wish to find an American Gentleman, (not a stranger to Literature) a little acquainted with the French Language, and desirous to become perfect in it.—The Foreigner will give him lessons of French, for lessons of English in return.—Application to be made at this Office. October 28. 3* 236
A MILL-WRIGHT, WHO is a perfect master of his business, and who has honourable credentials of his capability and character, is just arrived in town, and would be willing to undertake the business in all its branches in any of the West-India islands, or America.—Application must be made in a few days at the Office of the Publick Ledger, and immediate attention will be paid to it. October 28. 3* 238
FOR SALE, On board the Brig Two Friends, — Boylan, Master. 26,000 BRICKS. 4,000 PAVING TILE. 200 GIN CASES. William Pennock. October 25. tf 228
A PERSON who writes a fair hand and correctly, will find employment a few weeks, by application to the Editor of this Gazette. October 25.
150 Firkins Choice Philadelphia BUTTER. For Sale by James Maurice & Co. October 23. tf 225
The Subscribers, have opened this day, 1 Trunk containing Elegant Lace Cambric and Silwais—6-4, and 4-4, far superior to any that ever have been offered for sale in Norfolk, in quality and pattern. 1 Ditto do. Moleskins, Silk Quilting, Figured Toilets, Swansdown and Fancy Cords, which are of the London Newest Fashions. 3 Cases do. Gentlemen's Satin Beaver and Beaver Hats. With a general and extensive assortment of FALL AND WINTER GOODS, Received per Triton, from London, and for Sale, low for Cash, by Hunter & Gatewood. October 21. tf 222
FOR SALE, 140,000 wt. GREEN COFFEE. Just received per Schooner MONAWK.—Apply to Wilson, Cunningham & Co. October 14. 9 199

DESERTION. DESERTED from this Garrison, on the 15th instant, Woodley Eastridge, born in Greenville county, (N.C.) 5 feet 8 inches high, 33 years of age, blue eyes, light hair, fair complexion, by occupation a Farmer.—Ten Dollars reward will be given, on his delivery at this Garrison. J. SAUNDERS, Captain U. S. Art. Com. Fort Nelson, October 23. 4w 224
NOTICE. THE Subscriber being desirous to close his unsettled accounts, requests all those who have accounts against him to present them at his office for adjustment, and persons indebted to him to make immediate payment. John Hamilton. October 14. 201
TO RENT, (And possession given the 1st day of October.) TWO VERY CONVENIENT WAREHOUSES, at present occupied by Mr. J. Proudfoot. For terms, apply to Robert Gibson. September 6. tf 134
FOR SALE, On board the Ship Peter , lying at our Wharf, 1239 Sacks Liverpool filled SALT. 22 Crates EARTHENWARE. A quantity of Stone Jugs, Bottles, and Butter Pots. A. Maclure. September 10. tf 143
JOHN & WRIGHT SOUTHGATE, Have received per Ship Fredonia , Captain Meloon, from Liverpool, a COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF Coarse Woolens, Cloths & Cassimeres, Which they offer for Sale, on the lowest terms. THEY HAVE FOR RENT, TWO PAIR OF GOOD JACK SCREWS. September 10. 2M 147
40 Barrels New-York Prime PORK, Received per Schooner Rising States , Captain J. Newcomb. For sale by Phinebas Dana & Co. October 7. 190
LADIES FASHIONABLE SHOES. SEVERAL Trunks of Ladies plain and fashionable LACED KID SHOES, and Gentlemen's fashionable London made do. just received by the ship Planter , Captain Boush, and for sale by Gilliat & Mackinder. September 9. tf 136
BRITISH CONSUL'S OFFICE, Norfolk, Virginia, August 31, 1805. IN consequence of instructions by him received from his government, hereby gives notice, to the merchants concerned in the trade to His Majesty's Dominions, that according to the terms of the Act of the 37th of the King C. 97, no British built vessel captured by His Majesty's enemies, afterwards purchased by citizens of the United States, and sailing under a Sea Letter can be admitted to entry under the said Act, as an American vessel. John Hamilton. 114
NOW LANDING ON NEWTON'S WHARF, From on board the Brig Brothers , Capt. Dunn, from Jamaica, 124 Hogsheads, } PRIME JAMAICA SUGARS. 11 Barrels, } For sale by William Pennock. August 2. tf 37
FALL AND WINTER GOODS. GILLIAT AND MACKINDER, Have received by the Ship Planter , Boush, from London, and Fredonia , from Liverpool, their supply of FALL AND WINTER GOODS, And will be Sold on low terms, for Cash, or approved Acceptances in Town.—Amongst which are 17 Bales of Napt Cottons. 16 Boxes Boys' and Mens Hats. 18 do. of Rose Blankets. 6 Trunks of Manchester. 8 do. Stripe do. 4 Boxes Cutlery, assorted. 9 do. White and Red Flannels. 30 Casks Shot. 10 do. White Plains and Kerseys. 150 Kegs of Gunpowder. 12 do. Blue do. 4 do. Seine Twine. 14 do. Blue & Green Half Thicks. 6 Trunks Mens' and Womens' Worsted Hose. 6 do. Stripe and Grey Coatings. 3 Bales of Oznaburgs. 2 do. Yarn Hose. Fleecy Hosiery, for Ladies and Gentlemen's wear. 2 do. Carpeting and Carpets. Muslins, Dimities, Calicoes, &c. &c. 8 do. Mixed Fearnoughts. The above packages are well assorted. September 16. tf 145
A LOT FOR SALE. A VALUABLE and pleasantly situated LOT, of fifty by one hundred feet on Moore's Point, may be had on reasonable terms, by applying to William Hartshorne, jun. September 23. tf 166
THIS DAY LANDING, From on board the Schooner Eagle , Captain Gross, from Bourdeaux, 160 Casks CLARET. 981 Cases assorted do. 66 do. do. White do. 80 Baskets SWEET OIL. 2 Trunks and 3 Cases Ladies' and Men's SHOES. 8 Cases Mens' and Children's Silk and Beaver HATS, assorted. DEMIJOHNS, ALMONDS, NUTS, &c. &c. For sale on liberal terms, by John & James Galwey, Commerce-Street Wharf. WHO HAVE ON HAND, 75 Boxes White & Brown Havana SUGAR. September 6. tf 128
TO RENT. THE Store, Cellar, and Compting Room, No. 41, Main-Street, at present occupied by Messrs. GILLIAT & MACKINDER. Apply to Thomas Willock. April 1. tf 547
NEW CUT-NAIL MANUFACTORY, ON TOWN POINT, A small distance below County Wharf, Wide Water Street. THE Subscriber has, at a considerable expense, fitted up, in addition to his other business, a complete set of machinery, adequate to finish 500 to 600 lbs. of Nails daily. He is also provided with a good stock of Iron; and with a sufficient number of skillful workmen. He has on hand a constant supply of Nails, Flooring Brads, and Sprigs, which he offers for Sale at the reduced prices as follows, by the keg, viz.
 10d, 12d, 20d, Nails, 8d per lb.  8d, do. 9d per lb.  Sheathing do. 7 1-2d per lb.  6d, do. 10d per lb.  4d, do. 3s. per M.  3d, do. 2s. 7 1-2d per lb.  8d, 10d, 12d, and 20d, Brads, 8d per lb.  6d, do. 4s. 6d per M.  4d, do. 3s.  3d, do. 2s. 7 1-2d per lb.  2d, do. 2s. 7 1-2d per lb.   ALSO—HOOP AND BAR-IRON ASSORTED. LEVIN DORSEY. March 18. tf 203
CHEMISTRY MADE PLAIN. PROPOSALS, FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, A NEW WORK, ENTITLED, Plain Discourses on the Chemical Laws of Matter, Containing a General View of the Principles and Improvements of the Science of Chemistry. With a particular Detail of those Parts, which are common and connected with Domestic Affairs; ADDRESSED TO THE CITIZENS OF AMERICA. BY THOMAS EWELL, M.D. &c. OF VIRGINIA.
TO THE PROMOTERS OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE, I HAVE ventured to present for your patronage, a new work.—It is a system of chemistry divested of such technical terms as retard the study, by those persons not desirous of entering into the useless refinements of the science; and it will convey particular descriptions of those processes that are for domestic purposes. The object of the work is to render the study of chemistry less difficult, more general and agreeable, as well as to lead to Improvements in various Arts . Long has the greater part of mankind laboured under difficulties which might have been avoided by an acquaintance with the discoveries of philosophers. During the study of most sciences, we notice improvements unknown to the majority of the people; and in no one have these become more conspicuous than in the science of chemistry. Since the wild conjectures of deluded men were banished from its annals, the study has become one of the most useful and interesting to all of common understanding. The science is now characterised by a simplicity, hostile only to the pride of the pedantic scholar. Its extensive scenes are open, and with powerful attraction invite the entrance of the intelligent in the pursuit of pleasure, of information, or of most of the arts. An entrance is desired, that the wonderful beauty and wisdom displayed in the operations of nature may be contemplated with rapture, in parts neglected by the vulgar as a "dreary void."
To those in the pursuit of pleasure, the study of chemistry affords the greatest delight. The conversion of solids into volumes of vivifying airs, and of airs and other fluids into solids, are processes which although inferior to many in chemistry, give unusual satisfaction. To know the composition of the substances surrounding us, with their connection and relation to each other, and to understand many of the arts of chemists, will impart to the mind an agreeable action, while it increases its capacity to make improvements. And such are the fascinating powers attached to the pursuit of this knowledge, that France is fast becoming a nation of chemists, in consequence of the general study of the science by the ladies as well as gentlemen.
The respectable Cultivators of land will be much benefited by an acquaintance with chemistry. It will teach them the properties of the soil they cultivate, the art of making manures, and the kinds of vegetables as well as Manures best adapted for their respective farms. An idea of this may be formed from the famous fact, that by a judicious management of the grave yards at Paris, such quantities of salt-peter were procured for the powder manufactures as to enable the French government to prosecute their war!
To be able to detect the presence, and discriminate between the noxious and innocent metals, as well as to make most useful combinations of them; to ascertain the constituents of medicinal springs; to detect the adulterations of Wines and other drinks; and to correct corrupted airs, must be of consequence to most individuals.
The burning of bodies—The Arts of making Gunpowder and Salt-petre—common Salt—and all other Salts—Of Tanning Leather—Of purifying and preserving animal and vegetable Matter—Of Dying and Painting—Of making Glass and Earthen Ware—Of Brewing—Distilling, &c. &c. depend on Chemistry. No doubt most of them would be improved by a further cultivation of the science, which, from its simplicity, could be done in but a small part of the time often mispent by the artist. This will appear less doubtful, by the following extracts from a letter I received from the President, Mr. Jefferson—and from one received from Judge Washington of Mount-Vernon.
"Of the importance of turning a knowledge of chemistry to household purposes, I have been long satisfied. The common herd of philosophers seem to write only for one another. The chemists have filled volumes on the composition of a thousand substances of no sort of importance to the purposes of life; while the arts of making bread, butter, cheese, vinegar, soap, beer, cyder, &c. remain totally unexplained. Chapital has lately given the chemistry of wine making; the late Dr. Pennington did the same as to bread, and promised to pursue the line of rendering his knowledge useful to common life; but death deprived us of his labours. Good treatises on these subjects should receive general approbation." "Accept of my salutations, and assurances of respect." "TH: JEFFERSON."
"MOUNT-VERNON, 13th September 1805. I have long thought that a work upon the plan you suggest, was much wanted by those who form the great bulk of readers on chemical subjects. I have not met with a single treatise which has not appeared unnecessarily obscured by technical terms, which only scholars can understand. They have been more generally addressed to the comprehension of professional men, than to those of the humbler walks of life; for whose use this science might be made most essentially to contribute, by adapting it to their capacities, and by pointing out the way by which its principles may be applied to the more common arts, in which they are daily employed. You will I think, do great good to society and . . . by executing such a work as you propose. My best wishes will accompany you in your labours, and I shall be happy to aid them as far as I can." "BUSH. WASHINGTON."
But, fellow citizens, for you to know the Beauty , the Connection , the Importance of the Science which I wish to communicate to you, it is necessary that you know the Science itself. To relate in the most eligible terms the discoveries of chemical philosophers will not be the extent of my labours I shall offer a new view of the art of ascertaining the fertility of lands, and of the formation of vegetable juices, which has been approved of by some distinguished characters. I shall also relate some original experiments, a part of which establish a hitherto disputed doctrine concerning heat, and throw light on the art of enriching impoverished land. You will now determine by your subscription, whether the desire of one to disseminate knowledge highly useful and interesting to most of mankind shall be gratified—whether the proposed publication shall appear. T. EWELL.
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. As soon as a sufficient number of subscribers are obtained, the work shall be put to the press. It will be comprised in about 300 pages, Octavo, and be printed on good paper with suitable type. A general Index will be annexed to the work—with proper drawings of the apparatus commonly used by chemists. The work shall be delivered in boards to Subscribers at Three Dollars, per copy. Subscriptions for the above work, received by the Editor of this Paper. 242
COCKE & SANFORD, No. 40, Main-Street. Have imported in the Brig Triton , from London, an extensive assortment of FASHIONABLE FANCY GOODS, Which they offer by Retail or Wholesale, at very moderate prices for prompt payment. October 18. 2m 215
MRS. MACDOUGAL, INFORMS her friends and the public, that she has taken that handsome house belonging to Mr. Roberts, in the centre of Market Square, where she will receive Boarders on moderate terms—the strictest attention will always be paid to the diet-rooms, and lodging, and every endeavour used to render a transient or permanent abode at her house satisfactory. September 25. tf 169
LANDING, At the Subscriber's Wharf, from on board the Ship Ann , 200 Gross BOTTLES. 25 Boxes WINDOW GLASS. 3000 Bushels COALS. For sale by A. Maclure. September 4. tf 122
RICHMOND ACADEMY LOTTERY. THE Drawing of the above Lottery, will commence in Richmond, the first week in next month, and be continued every other week till completed. * Tickets for Sale at this Office. October 18. 3w 214
GERMAN GOODS.
JOHN C. NIEMEYER, Has lately received and offers for Sale, the following Goods, for Cash, or on convenient credit, for approved Notes, viz. 7000 Bags of 2 and 3 bushels, in bales of 600 each. 1000 East India Gunny Bags. 190 Pieces Ticklenburgs and Oznaburgs. 400 Brown Rolls. 400 White Rolls, different qualities. 100 White Platillas. 75 Brown Hollands. 100 Bretannias. 20 Dowlass. 62 Fine White Flanders Sheeting. 25 Shirt Linen of 20 to 100 dollars per piece of 37 yards. 40 Fine Bed Bunts and Bed Ticking. 390 Velvet Ribbands, No. 2 to 150. 30 Russia Sheeting, and Diaper. 320 Dozen Snuff Boxes. 100 Boxes Baltimore Window Glass, in whole and half boxes, viz. 8 by 10, 9 by 11, 9 by 12, 10 by 12, and 12 by 14, at the manufacturer's prices, with the addition of the usual charges. A few Barrels Philadelphia bottled Porter. 165 Boxes Short Pipes. 120 Spanish Segars, of different quality. 150 lbs. Shoe Thread. 130 Twine. 15 Boxes Glass Ware, of different kinds, cut and plain. 37 Barrels Turpentine. ALSO, 20 Dozen of Shoe Brushes. Violins, Flutes and Fifes. ditto Strings and Bows. Looking Glasses of all kinds. Nuns' Thread and Fine Lace. Thread Stockings, Plush for Saddles. Coffee Mills.—Beads, and Bird Cages. Razors, Spectacles, and Penknives, 1st quality. Backgammon Tables, Dice, Cards, Chessmen. Fowling Pieces, Pistols, and Agut Flints. Crooked Horn and Ivory straight Combs. An Invoice of Japanned Ware. do. do. of Mill Saws, Augers, &c. 40,000 Marbles. And a great variety of other Articles. Apply as above. September 25. 164
LANDING THIS DAY ON OUR WHARF, From on board the Martina & Mary , from Grenada, 86 Puncheons RUM. 20 Hogsheads MOLASSES. 1 Puncheon SHIRUB. 1 Barrel LIME JUICE. And from on board the Brig Brothers , from Kingston. 40,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE. IN STORE, 50,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE. 36,000 lbs. Porte Rico do. 20 Barrels Baltimore LOAF SUGAR. 150 Barrels Superfine FLOUR. 50 Hogsheads Petersburg TOBACCO. 20 Puncheons Grenada RUM. 20 Barrels Prime PORK. 25 Bales Upland COTTON. All of which we will dispose of on moderate terms. C. & F. Whittle. August 2. tf 33
FALL AND WINTER GOODS. RICHARD TAYLOR, Has received by the Ships Fredonia & Dumfries , from Liverpool, his WOOLSENS AND HARDWARE. AND ALSO, By the Brig Triton , Captain Fraser, from London, An extensive choice assortment of FASHIONABLE GOODS. All of which he offers for Sale, by Wholesale and Retail, on the lowest terms. October 18. 2m 213
FOR SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBER, AT HIS LUMBER YARD ON CALVERT'S WHARF, 700,000 SALE SHINGLES. 50,000 BUILDING do. 50,000 STAVES—White and Red Oak. 10,000 CYPRESS PALES. 5,000 CEDAR and CHINQUEPIN POSTS. Also—shall keep a supply of PLANK AND SCANTLING. Thomas H. Parker. Au at 19. tf 77
FOR SALE—BY THE SUBSCRIBER, 75 Puncheons Winward Island RUM. 4 do. 4th proof Old Jamaica do. 5 do. New-England do. 80 Pipes Best Holland GIN. 5 Hogsheads and 24 Barrels Country do. 8 Pipes 4th proof Cognac BRANDY. 11 do. Alicante do. 10 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE. 17 Pipes Fine Old Sicily do. 70 Crates well assorted EARTHEN WARE. 2 Hogsheads do. assorted for family use. 12 Casks GLASS WARE—well assorted. 200 Sacks Liverpool SALT.—Also, 70 Hhds. Richmond and Petersburg TOBACCO. 35 do. Lowland do. 104 Barrels Superfine, } FLOUR. 90 do. Fine, } 27 do. SHIP STUFF. A. Maclure. August 7. tf 48
BUENOS AIRES HIDES, Now landing from on board the Ship Nancy , Capt. Laurence, from Rio de la Plata. For sale by William Pennock. September 4. 123
REMOVAL. JAMES TUCKER, Has removed to No. 1, HOLF'S LANE, near MAIN-STREET, WHERE HE OFFERS FOR SALE, ON REASONABLE TERMS, HIS STOCK IN TRADE, CONSISTING OF A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF HARDWARE, NAILS, &c. May 3. tf 659
LANDING, Out of the Brig Albert , Captain Fraser, from Madeira, 10 Pipes, } Branded 20 Hogsheads, } M. M. 40 Quarter Casks, } C. Of the first Old London Particular Madeira WINE, warranted equal to any imported—For sale by Robert Dickson. September 11. tf 140
THE SUBSCRIBER Having opened Tavern in the EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE, will be glad to take in TEN OR TWELVE GENTLE BOARDERS by the year. Peter Kemp. May 6. tf 654
TO RENT OR LEASE, (And possession given immediately,) THAT convenient Dwelling House, formerly occupied by Mr. John Davidson, on Brewer-Street—together with a large Garden, and all convenient out houses. For terms, apply to James Tucker.
WHO HAS FOR LEASE, A VALUABLE LOT OF GROUND, On Commerce and Little Water Streets. September 6. tf 129
FOR SALE—BY THE SUBSCRIBER, At his BAREHOUSES ON TOWN POINT and COMMERCE STREET, 200 Barrels Superfine PILOT BREAD, from fresh Flour. 200 do. NAVY do. 100 do. SHIP do. All of which will be sold, on reasonable credits, or exchanged for West India produce. Wanted at the above Business, SIX BOYS—AS APPRENTICES, Who will meet with good encouragement. S. Harris. September 30. tf 178
MARTIN FISK, Has just received by the late arrivals from London and Liverpool, and for sale, 100 crates Crockery Ware, well assorted, 150 kegs F & FF Powder, 5 tons Shot, 150 casks Wrought Nails 4. 6. 8. 10. 20d. 60 kegs White Lead, 50 bolts Oznaburgs, 20 casks Hibbert's Porter, 50 boxes Short Pipes, 1500 lb. Seine Twine, AND A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF HARDWARE & CUTLERY. ON HAND, 20,000 lbs. Prime Green Coffee, 25 Hhds. Muscovado Sugar, 10 do. Leaf do. 30 chests Hyson 15 do. Hyson Skin 10 do. Young Hyson 8 do. Imperial } TEAS. 10 Hhds. Old Antigua Rum, 60 barrels Rye Whiskey, 30 do. Apple Brandy. October 4. tf 184
NORFOLK BOROUGH: At a Quarterly Session Court, continued and held the 30th day of August, 1805. Alexander Maclure, John Robinson, and Daniel R. Wadley, trading under the firm of Daniel R. Wadley & Co. Compts. Against, Gilbert Robinson, and James Brown, Merchants, trading as partners under the firm of Robertson & Brown, and Robert Dickson, Administrator of Henry Cavan. Defts. THE Defendants Robertson and Brown, not having entered their appearance, and given security according to the Act of Congress, and the Rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of this Court, that they are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth: On the motion of the Complainant by their Counsel, It is ordered , That the said Defendants Robertson and Brown, do appear here on the fourth Monday in November next, and answer the Bill of the Complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some Newspaper printed in this Borough, for eight weeks successively, and posted at the front door of the Courthouse of the said Borough: And it is further ordered , That the Defendant Robert Dickson, Administrator of Henry Cavan, deceased, who hath effects of the said Robertson and Brown in his hands, do not pay, convey away, or secret such effects, but retain them until the further order or decree of this Court, concerning the same. (A Copy, Teste.) WILLIAM SHARP, C. N. B. C. 127
NORFOLK BOROUGH. At a Quarterly Session Court continued and held the 30th day of August, 1805. William Pennock, Compt. Against Jean de St. Maria, Robert Lawrence, and Theo. Armistead, Defts. In Chancery. The defendant Jean de St. Maria , not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the Act of Assembly and the rules of this Court—And it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that he is not an inhabitant of this Commonwealth—On the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered , that the defendant Jean de St. Maria , do appear here on the fourth Monday in November next, and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper printed in this Borough for eight weeks successively, and posted at the front door of the Court-House of the said Borough—And it is further ordered, that the defendants Robert Lawrence, and Theo. Armistead , who have effects of the said Jean de St. Maria , in their hands, do not pay, convey away, or secret such effects, but retain them until the further order or decree of this court concerning the same. (A Copy) Wm. SHARP, C. N. B. C. 126 Teste,
TO RENT, And possession given the first of September, A LARGE and commodious three story Brick House, in Church-Street, at present occupied by Mr. Menop, the first floor is completely fitted for a Store and Counting Room, and the upper part well calculated for the residence of a genteel family, with two kitchens, all other necessary out houses, and a paved yard. For terms apply to William Plume & Co. August 19. tf 86
NORFOLK: PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A-WEEK, BY WILLIAM DAVIS, FOR THE PROPRIETOR, OPPOSITE THE EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE. Price Five Dollars and Fifty Cents yearly, in advance.