Kentucky gazette and general advertiser (Lexington [Ky.]), 1808-05-03 00:00:00

CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
WEDNESDAY, March 5.
BRITISH AFFAIRS.
Debate—in the Committee of the whole, on the state of the Union—Mr. J. C. SMITH in the chair, on Mr. Gregg's resolution.
MR. J. RANDOLPH. I am extremely afraid, Sir, that so far as it may depend on my acquaintance with details connected with the subject, I have very little right to address you: for in truth, I have not yet seen the documents from the Treasury, which were called for some time ago, to direct the judgment of this House in the decision of the question now before you; and, indeed, after what I have this day heard, I no longer require that document, or any other document—indeed I do not know that I ever should have required it—to vote on the resolution of the gentleman from Pennsylvania. If I had entertained any doubts, they would have been removed by the style in which the friends of the resolution have this morning discussed it. I am perfectly aware, that on entering upon this subject, we go into it manacled—handcuffed and tongued-tied; gentlemen know that our lips are sealed on subjects of momentous foreign relations, which are indissolubly linked with the present question, and which would serve to throw a great light on it, in every respect relative to it. I will, however, endeavour to hobble over the subject, as well as my fettered limbs and passed tongue will enable me to do it.
I am not surprised to hear this resolution discussed by its friends as a war measure. They say, (it is true,) that it is not a war measure; but they defend it on principles which would justify none but war measures, and seem pleased with the idea, that it may prove the forerunner of war. If war is necessary—if we have reached this point, let us have war. But while I have life, I will never consent to these incipient war measures, which in their commencement breathe nothing but peace, tho' they plunge us at last into war. It has been well observed by the gentleman from Pennsylvania, behind me, (Mr. J. C. Smith,) that the situation of this nation in 1793, was in every respect different from that in which it finds itself in 1806. Let me ask, too, if the situation of England is not since materially changed? Gentlemen, who, it would appear from their language, have not yet got beyond the horn-book of politics, talk of our ability to cope with the British navy, and tell us of the war of our revolution. What was the situation of G. Britain then! She was then contending for the empire of the British channel, barely able to maintain a doubtful equality with her enemies, over whom, she never gained the superiority, until Rodney's victory of the 12th of April.—What is her present situation? The combined fleets of France, Spain and Holland, are dissipated—they no longer exist. I am not surprised to hear men advocate these wild opinions, to see them goaded on by a spirit of mercantile avarice, straining their feeble strength, to excite the nation to war, when they have reached the stage of infatuation, that we are an overmatch for Great Britain on the Ocean. It is mere waste of time to reason with such persons. They do not deserve any thing like serious refutation. The proper arguments for such statesmen, are a strait waistcoat, a dark room, water gruel, and depletion.
It has always appeared to me, that there are three points to be considered, and maturely considered, before we can be prepared to vote for the resolution of the gentleman from Pennsylvania. 1. Our ability to contend with Great Britain for the question in dispute. 2. The policy of such a contest. And 3. In case both these shall be settled affirmatively, the manner in which we can, with the greatest effect, re-act upon and annoy our adversary.
Now the gentleman from Massachusetts, (Mr. Crowninshield,) has settled at a single sweep, one of his favourite expressions, not only that we are capable of contending with Great Britain on the Ocean, but that we are actually her superior. Whence does the gentleman deduce his inference? Because, truly, at that time, when G. Britain was not mistress of the Ocean; when a North was her prime minister, and a Sandwich the first lord of the admiralty; when she was governed by a counting house administration, privateers of this country trespassed on her commerce. So, too, did the cruizers of Dunkirk, at that day Sufrein held the mastery of the Indian seas. But what is the case now? Do gentlemen remember the capture of Cornwallis on land, because De Grasse maintained the dominion of the Ocean? To my mind, no position is more clear, than that if we go to war with Great Britain, Charleston and Boston, the Chesapeake and the Hudson, will be invested with British squadrons. Will you call on the Count De Grasse to relieve them, or shall we apply to admiral Gravina, or admiral
Villeneuve, to raise the blockade? But you have not only a prospect of gathering glory, and what seems to the gentleman from Massachusetts, much dearer, profit, by privateering, but you will be able to make a conquest of Canada and Nova Scotia. Indeed? Then Sir, we shall catch a Tartar. I confess, however, I have no desire to see the Senator and Representatives of the Canadian French, or of the tones and refugees of Nova Scotia, sitting on this floor, or that of the other House—to see them becoming members of the Union, and participating equally in our political rights. And on what other principle would the gentleman from Massachusetts be for incorporating those provinces with us! Or on what other principle could it be done under the constitution? If the gentleman has no other bounty to offer us for going to war, than the incorporation of Canada and Nova Scotia with the United States, I am for remaining at peace.
What is the question in dispute? The carrying trade. What part of it? The fair, the honest and the useful trade that is engaged in carrying our own productions to foreign markets, and bringing back their productions in exchange. No, Sir—it is that carrying trade which covers enemy's property, and carries the coffee, the sugar, and other West India products to the mother country. No, Sir; if this great agricultural country is to be governed by Salem and Boston, New-York and Philadelphia, and Baltimore and Norfolk, and Charleston, let gentlemen come out and say so, and let a committee of public safety be appointed from those towns, to carry on the government. I, for one, will not mortgage my property and my liberty, to carry on this trade. The nation said so seven years ago.—I said so then—I say so now. It is not for the honest carrying trade of America, but for this mushroom, this fungus of war—for a trade, which as soon as the nations of Europe are at peace, will no longer exist; it is for this; that the spirit of avaricious traffic would plunge us into war.
I am forcibly struck on this occasion, by the recollection of the remark made by one of the ablest (if not the honestest) ministers that England ever produced. I mean Sir Robert Walpole, who said, that the country gentlemen, (poor meek souls!) came up every year to be charmed—that they laid mute and patient, whilst their fleeces were taking off—but that if he touched a single bristle of the commercial interest, the whole fly was in an uproar. It was indeed hearing the hog—"great cry and little wool."
But we are asked, are we willing to bend the neck to England? to submit to her outrages? No, Sir, I answer, that it will be time enough for us to tell that gentleman what we will do to vindicate the violation of our flag on the Ocean, when they shall have told us what they have done, in resentment of the violation of the actual territory of the United States by Spain—the true territory of the United States; not your new fangled country over the Mississippi, but the good old United States—part of Georgia, of the old thirteen States—where citizens have been taken, not from our ships, but from our actual territory.—When gentlemen have taken the padlock from our mouths, I shall be ready to tell them what I will do, relative to our disputes with Great Britain, on the law of nations, on contraband, and such stuff.
I have another objection to this course of proceeding. Great Britain, when she sees it, will say, the American people have great cause of dissatisfaction with Spain. She will see by the documents furnished by the President, that Spain has outraged our territory, pirated upon our commerce, and imprisoned our citizens; and she will enquire what we have done? It is true, she will receive no answer; but she must know what we have not done. She will see that we have not repelled those outrages nor made any addition to our army and navy—nor even classed the militia. No, Sir,—not one of your militia generals, in politics, has marshalled a single brigade.
Although I have said it would be time enough to answer the questions which gentlemen have put to me, when they shall have answered mine; yet, as I do not like long prorogations, I will give them an answer now. I will never consent to go to war for that which I cannot protect. I deem it no sacrifice of dignity, to say to the Leviathan of the deep—we are unable to contend with you in your own element; but if you come within our actual limits, we will shed our last drop of blood in their defence. In such an event, I would feel, not reason, and obey an impulse which never has—which never can deceive me.
France is at war with England—suppose her power on the continent of Europe no greater than it is on the Ocean. How would she make her enemy feel it? There would be a perfect non-conductor between them. So with the United States and England—the scarcely presents to us a vulnerable point. Her commerce is now carried on for the most part in fleets—where in single ships they are stout and well armed—very different from the state of her trade during the American war, when her
merchantmen became the prey of privateers. Great Britain has been too long at war with the three most powerful maritime nations of Europe, not to have learnt how to protect her trade. She can afford convoy to all—she has 800 ships in commission—the navies of her enemies are annihilated. Thus this war has presented the new and curious political spectacle of a regular annual increase (and to an immense amount,) of her imports and exports, and tonnage and revenue, and all the insignia of accumulating wealth, whilst in every former war, without exception, these have suffered a greater or less diminution. And wherefore? Because she has driven France, Spain and Holland from the Ocean. Then marine is no more. I verily believe, that ten English ships of the line would not decline a meeting with the combined fleets of those nations. I forewarn the gentleman from Massachusetts, and his constituents of Salem, that all their golden hopes are vain. I forewarn them of the exposure of their trade beyond the Cape of Good Hope, (or now doubling it,) to capture and confiscation—of their unprotected sea ports towns, exposed to contribution and bombardment. Are we to be begotten into war by a set of men, who in six weeks after its commencement, may be compelled to take refuge with us up in the country? And for what? A mere fungus—a mushroom production of war in Europe, which will disappear with the first return of peace—an unfair trade. For is there a man so credulous as to believe, that we possess a capital, not only equal to what may be called our own proper trade, but large enough also, to transmit to the respective parent States, the vast and wealthy products of the French, Spanish and Dutch colonies? 'Tis beyond the belief of any rational being—but this is not my only objection to enter on this naval warfare. I am averse to a naval war with any nation whatever. I was opposed to the naval war of the last administration, and I am averse to oppose a naval war of the present administration, should they meditate such a measure. What shall the great Mammoth of the American forest leave his native element, and plunge into the water in a mad contest with the shark? Let him beware that his proboscis is not bitten off in the engagement. Let him stay on shore—and not be excited by the muskets and periwinkles on the strand, or political bears, in a boat to venture on the perils of the deep. Gentlemen say, will you not protect your violated rights? and I say, why take to water, where you can neither fight nor swim? Go to France—see her vessels stealing from port to port on her own coast and remember that she is the first military power of the earth, and as a naval people, second to England. Take away the British navy, and France to-morrow is the tyrant of the Ocean.
This brings me to the second point. How far is it politic in the United States to throw their weight into the scale of France at this moment; from whatever motive to aid the views of her gigantic ambition—to make her mistress of the sea and land—to jeopardize the liberties of mankind. Sir, you may help to crush Great Britain, you may assist in breaking down her naval dominion; but you cannot succeed in it. The iron sceptre of the Ocean will pass into his hands who wears the iron crown of the land. You may then expect a new code of maritime law. Where will you look for redress? I can tell the gentleman from Massachusetts, that there is nothing in his rule of 3 that will save us, even although he should out-do himself, and exceed the financial ingenuity which he so memorably displayed on a recent occasion. No, Sir—Let the battle of Actium be once fought, and the whole line of the sea coast will be at the mercy of the conqueror. The Atlantic, deep and wide as it is, will prove just as good a barrier against his ambition, if directed against you, as the Mediterranean to the power of the Caesars. Do I mean (when I say so,) to crouch to the invader? No—I will meet him at the water's edge, and fight every inch of ground from thence to the mountains, from the mountains to the Mississippi. But after tamely submitting to an outrage on your domicile, will you bully and look big at an insult on your flag 3,000 miles off?
But, Sir, I have yet a more cogent reason against going to war, for the honor of the flag in the narrow seas or any other maritime punctilio. It springs from my attachment to the principles of the government under which I live. I declare in the face of day that this government was not instituted for the purposes of offensive war. No. It was framed [to use its own language] for the common defence and the general welfare, which are inconsistent with offensive war. I call that offensive war, which goes out of our jurisdiction and limits for the attainment or protection of objects, not within those limits and that jurisdiction. As in 1798 I was opposed to this species of warfare, because I believed it would raise the constitution to the very foundation, so in 1806 am I opposed to it, and on the same
grounds. No sooner do you put the constitution to this use, to a test which it is by no means calculated to endure, than its incompetency to such purposes becomes manifest and apparent to all. I fear if you go into a foreign war for a circuitous unfair carrying trade, you will come out without your constitution. Have not you contractors enough yet in this house? Or do you want to be over-run and devoured by commissaries and all the vermin of contract. I fear, Sir, that what are called the energy men will rise up again—men who will burn the parchment. We shall be told that our government is too free—or as they would say weak and inefficient. Much virtue, Sir, in terms. That we must give the president power to call forth the resources of the nation—that is to filch the last shilling from our pockets, to drain the last drop of blood from our veins. I am against giving this power to any man, be he who he may. The American people must either withhold this power or resign their liberties. There is no other alternative. Nothing but the most imperious necessity will justify such a grant—and is there a powerful enemy at our doors? You may begin with first consul—from that chrysalis state he soon becomes an emperor. You have your choice. It depends upon your election whether you will be a free, happy, and united people at home, or the light of your executive majesty shall beam across the Atlantic in one general blaze of the public liberty.
For my part, I never will go to war but in self defence. I have no desire for conquests—no ambition to possess Nova Scotia—I hold the liberties of this people at a high rate. Much more am I disposed for war, when among the first means for carrying it on I see gentlemen propose the confiscation of debts due by government to individuals. Does a bona fide creditor know who holds his paper? Dare any honest man ask himself the question. 'Tis hard to say whether such principles are more deplorably dishonest than they are weak and foolish. What, Sir, will you go about with proposals for opening a loan in one hand, and a sponge for the national debt in the other. If on a late occasion you could not borrow at a less rate of interest than 8 per cent. when the government avowed that they would pay to the last shilling of the public ability, at what price do you expect to raise money with an avowal of these nefarious opinions. God help you! If these are your ways and means for carrying on a war—if your finances are in the hands of such a chancellor of the exchequer. Because a man can take an observation, and keep a log book and a reckoning, can navigate a cock-boat to the West-Indies or the East, shall he aspire to navigate the great vessel of state, to stand at the helm of public councils? Ne sutor ultra crepidam. What are you going to war for? For the carrying trade. Already you possess seven-eighths of it. What is the object in dispute? The fair honest trade that exchanges the product of our soil for foreign articles for home consumption? Not at all. You are called upon to sacrifice the necessary branch of your navigation and the great agricultural interest, whose hand-maid it is—to jeopardize your best interests, for a circuitous commerce, for the fraudulent protection of belligerent property under your neutral flag.—Will you be goaded by the dreaming calculations of insatiate avarice to stake your all for the protection of this trade. I do not speak of the probable effects of war on the price of produce—Severely as we must feel, we may scuffle thro' it. I speak of its reaction on the constitution.—You may go to war for this excellence of the carrying trade—and make peace at the expense of the constitution. Your executive will lord it over you, and you must make the best terms with the conqueror that you can. But the gentleman from Pennsylvania, (Mr. Gregg,) tells you that he is for acting in this, as in all things, influenced by the opinion of any minister whatever—foreign, or I presume, domestic. On this point I am willing to meet the gentleman, am unwilling to be dictated to by any minister at home or abroad. Is he willing to act on the same independent footing? I have before protected, and I again protest against secret, irresponsible, over-ruling influence. The first question I asked when I saw the gentleman's resolution was, "it this a measure of the cabinet?" Not of an open declared cabinet, but of an invisible, inscrutable, unconstitutional cabinet—with responsibility, unknown to the
constitution. I speak of back-flairs influence—of men who bring messages to this house, which although they do not appear on the journals, govern its decisions. Sir, the first question that I asked on the subject of British relations was, what is the opinion of the cabinet?—What measures will they recommend to congress? (well knowing that whatever measures we might take they must execute them—and therefore that we should have their opinion on the subject)—My answer was (and from a cabinet minister too) "there is no longer any cabinet." Subsequent circumstances, Sir, have given me a personal knowledge of the fact. It needs no commentary.
But the gentleman has told you that we ought to go to war, if for nothing else, for the fur trade. Now, Sir, the people on whose support he seems to calculate, follow (let me tell him) a better business, and let me add whilst men are happy at home reaping their own fields, the fruits of their labor and industry, there is little danger of their being induced to go 16 or 1700 miles in pursuit of beavers, raccoons or opossums—much less of going to war for the privilege. They are better employed where they are. This trade, Sir, may be important to Britain, to nations who have exhausted every resource of industry at home—bowed down by taxation and wretchedness. Let them, in God's name, if they please, follow the fur trade. They may, for me, catch every beaver in North America. Yes, Sir, our people have a better occupation—a safe, profitable, honorable employment. Whilst they should be engaged in distant regions in hunting the beaver, they dread lest those whose natural prey they are, should begin to hunt them—should pillage their property, and assassinate their constitution. Instead of those wild schemes, pay off your debt, instead of prating about its confiscation. Do not, I beseech you, expose at once your knavery and your folly. You have more lands than you know what to do with—you have already paid fifteen millions, for yet more. Go and work them—and cease to alarm the people, with the cry of wolf, until they become deaf to your voice, or at least laugh at you.
Mr. Chairman, if I felt less regard for what I deem the best interests of this nation than for my own reputation, I should not, on this day, have offered to address you; but would have waited to come out, decked with flowers and bouquets of rhetoric, in a set speech. But, Sir, I dreaded lest a tone might be given to the proceedings of the committee—they will pardon me, but I did fear from all that I could see, or hear, that they might be prejudiced by its advocates, (under pretence of protecting our commerce) in favor of this ridiculous and preposterous project—I rose, Sir, for one to plead guilty—to declare in the face of day that I will not go to war for this carrying trade. I will agree to pass for an idiot if this is not the public sentiment, and you will find it to your cost, begin the war when you will.
Gentlemen talk of 1793. They might as well go back to the Trojan war. What was your situation then? Then every heart beat high with sympathy for France, for Republican France! I am not prepared to say, with my friend from Pennsylvania, that we were all ready to draw our swords in her cause, but I affirm that we were prepared to have gone great lengths. I am not ashamed to pay this compliment to the hearts of the American people, even if at the expense of their understandings. It was a noble and generous sentiment which nations like individuals, are never the worse for having felt. They were, I repeat it, ready to make great sacrifices for France. And why ready? Because she was fighting the battles of the human race against the combined enemies of their liberty—because she was performing the part which Great Britain now, in fact, sustains—forming the only bulwark against universal dominion. Knock away her navy, and where are you? Under the naval despotism of France, unchecked and unqualified by any antagonizing military power, at best but a change of masters. The tyrant of the ocean, and the tyrant of the land is one and the same, lord of all, and who shall say him nay, or wherefore doth thou this thing? Give to the tyger the properties of the shark, and there is no longer safety for the beasts of the forest or the fishes of the sea. Where was this high anti-Britannic spirit of the gentleman from Pennsylvania, when his vote would have put an end to the British treaty, that pestilent source of

evil to this country? and at a time too, when it was not less the interest than the sentiment of this people to pull down Great-Britain and exalt France. Then, when the gentleman might have acted with effect, he could not screw his courage to the sticking place. Then England was combined in what has proved a feeble, inefficient coalition, but which gave just cause of alarm to every friend of freedom—Now the liberties of the human race are threatened by a single power, more formidable than the coalesced world, to whose utmost ambition, vast as it is, the naval force of G. Britain forms the only obstacle.
I am perfectly sensible and ashamed of the trespass I am making on the patience of the committee—but as I know not whether it will be in my power to trouble them again on this subject, I must beg leave to continue my crude and desultory observations. I am not ashamed to confess that they are so.
At the commencement of this session we received a printed message from the president of the U. States, breathing a great deal of national honor and indignation, at the outrages we had endured, particularly from Spain. She was specially named and pointed at. She had pirated upon our commerce, imprisoned our citizens, violated our actual territory, invaded the very limits solemnly established between the two nations, by the treaty of San Lorenzo. Some of the state legislatures, (among others the very state on which the gentleman from Pennsylvania relies for support) sent forward resolutions pledging their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honor, in support of any measures you might take in vindication of your injured rights. Well, Sir, what have you done? You have had resolutions laid upon your table—gone to some expense of printing and stationery—mere pen, ink and paper, and that's all. Like true political quacks, you deal only in handbills and nostrums. Sir, I blush to see the record of our proceedings;—they resemble nothing but the advertisements of patent medicines. Here you have "the Worm Destroying Lozenges," there, "Church's Cough Drops,"—and to crown the whole, "Stone's Vegetable Specific," an infallible remedy for all nervous disorders and vertiges of brain-sick politicians:—each man earnestly adjuring you to give his medicine only a fair trial. If indeed these wonder-working nostrums could perform but one half of what they promise, there is little danger of our dying a political death, at this time at least. But Sir, in politics as in physick, the doctor is oftentimes the most dangerous disease—and this I take to be our case at present.
But, Sir, why do I talk of Spain? There are no longer Pyrenees.—no such being as a Spanish king, or minister. It is a mere juggler played off for the benefit of those who put the mechanism into motion. You know, Sir, that you have no differences with Spain—that she is the passive tool of a superior power, to whom at this moment you are crouching. Are your differences indeed with Spain? And where are you going to send your political panacea, [resolutions and handbills excepted] your king-cure-all?—To Madrid? No—You are not such quacks as not to know where the shoe pinches—to Paris. You know at least where the disease lies, and there you apply your remedy. When the nation anxiously demands the result of your deliberations, you hang your head, & blush to tell. You are afraid to tell. Your mouth is hermetically sealed. Your honor has received a wound which must not take air. Gentlemen dare not come forward and avow their work, much less defend it in the presence of the nation. Give them all they ask; that Spain exalts, and what then? After shrinking from the Spanish Jackall do you presume to bully the British Lion? But here the secret comes out. Britain is your rival in trade, and governed as you are by counting-house politicians, you would sacrifice the paramount interests of the country, to wound the rival. For Spain and France you are carriers—and from good customers every thing is to be endured.—And what is the nature of this trade? Is it that carrying trade which sends abroad the flour, tobacco, cotton, beef, pork, fish and lumber of this country, and brings back in return foreign articles necessary for our existence, or comfort? No, Sir, 'tis a trade carried on, the lord knows where, or by whom;—now doubling cape Horn, now the cape of Good Hope. I do not say there is no pro-
fit in it—for it would not then be pursued—but 'tis a trade that tends to assimilate our manners and government to those of the most corrupt countries of Europe. Yes, Sir, and when a question of great national magnitude presents itself to you, causes those who now prate about national honor and spirit, to pocket an insult,—to consider it as a mere matter of debit and credit, a business of profit and loss—and nothing else.
The first thing that struck my mind when this resolution was laid on the table was, unde derivatur? a question always put to us at school—whence comes it? Is this only the putative father of the bantling he is taxed to maintain, or indeed the actual parent, the real progenitor of the child? or is the production of the cabinet?—But I knew you had no cabinet—no system—I had seen dispatches relating to vital measures, laid before you the day after your final decision on those measures—four weeks after they were received—not only their contents, but their very existence, all that time unsuspected and unknown to men, whom the people fondly believe assist with their wisdom and experience at every important deliberation. Do you believe that this system, or rather this no system will do? I am free to answer it will not. It cannot last. I am not so afraid of the fair, open, constitutional, responsible influence of government; but I shrink intuitively from this left-handed, invisible, irresponsible influence, which defies the touch, but pervades and decides every thing. Let the Executive come forward to the Legislature—let us see whilst we feel it. If we cannot rely on its wisdom, is it any disparagement to the gentleman from Pennsylvania to say, that I cannot rely upon him? No, Sir, he has mistaken his talent. He is not the Palinurus on whose skill the nation at this trying moment can repose their confidence. I will have nothing to do with his paper—much less will I endorse it, and make myself responsible for its goodness. I will not put my name to it. I assert there is no cabinet, no system, no plan—That which I believe in one place, I shall never hesitate to say in another. This is no time, no place for mincing our steps. The people have a right to know, they shall know the state of their affairs, at least as far as I am at liberty to communicate them. I speak from personal knowledge—Ten days ago there had been no consultation—there existed no opinion in your executive department—at least none that was avowed—on the contrary, there was an express disavowal of any opinion whatsoever, on the great subject before you; and I have good reason for saying, that none has been formed since. Some time ago, a book was laid on our tables, which like some other bantling, did not bear the name of its father. Here I was taught to expect a solution of all doubts, an end to all our difficulties. If, Sir, I were the foe, as I trust I am the friend of this nation, I would exclaim—"Oh! that mine enemy would write a book." At the very outset, in the very first page, I believe, there is a complete abandonment of the principle in dispute. Has any gentleman got the work? (It was handed by one of the members.) The first position taken, is the broad principle of unlimited freedom of trade between nations at peace, which the writer endeavours to extend to the trade between a neutral and belligerent power—accompanied however, by this acknowledgment. "But inasmuch as the trade of a neutral with a belligerent nation, might in certain special cases, affect the safety of his antagonist, usage, founded on the principle of necessity, has admitted a few exceptions to a few exceptions to the general rule." Whence comes the doctrine of contraband, blockade, and enemy's property? Now, Sir, for what does that celebrated pamphlet "War in Disguise," which is said to have been written under the eye of the British prime minister, contend, but this "principle of necessity." And this is abandoned by this pamphleteer, at the very threshold of discussion. But as if this were not enough, he goes on to assign as a reason for not referring to the authority of the ancients, that "the great change which has taken place in the state of manners, in the maxims of war, and in the course of commerce, make it pretty certain" (what degree of certainty is this?) "that either nothing will be found relating to the question, or nothing sufficiently applicable, to deserve attention in deciding it." Here, Sir, is an apology of the writer, for not disclosing the whole extent of his learning, (which might have overwhelmed the reader,) is the admission, that a change of circumstances—"in the course of commerce," has made [and, therefore will not justify] a total change of the law of nations. What more could the most inveterate advocate of English usurpation demand? What else can they require to establish all, and even more than they contend for? Sir, there is a class of men—we know them very well—who, if you only permit them to lay the foundation, will build you up, step by step, and brick by brick, very neat and shewy, if not tenable arguments. To detect them, 'tis only necessary to watch their premises, where you will often find the point at issue totally fur-
rendered, as in this case it is. Again—is the mare liberum any where asserted in this book? That free ships make free goods? No, Sir, the right of search is acknowledged, that enemy's property is lawful prize, is sealed and delivered. And after abandoning these principles, what becomes of the doctrine that the mere shifting of the goods from one ship to another, the touching at another port, changes the property—Sir, give up this principle, and there is an end to the question. You lie at the mercy of the conscience of a court of admiralty. Is Spanish sugar, or French coffee, made American property, by the mere change of the cargo, previous to the landing and payment of the duties? Does this operation effect a change of property? And when those duties are drawn back, [and the sugar and coffee re-exported, are they not as enemy's property?] liable to seizure, upon the principles of the "Examination of the British doctrine, &c." And is there not the best reason to believe, that this operation is performed in many, if not in most cases, to give a neutral aspect and colour, to the merchandise? (To be continued.)
ALL persons are hereby forewarned from harbouring or entertaining my wife Jenny Scott, as I am determined to prosecute such with the utmost rigour of the law. SAMUEL REEDS, jun. Jessamine county, April 26, 1806. 43t.
MY wife Anna, formerly Anna Franks, daughter of John M. Franks, living on the waters of Hickman, having left my bed and board, without any provocation, all persons are hereby cautioned against crediting her on my account, as I shall pay no debts of her contracting. All persons are also forewarned from harbouring her, as I am determined to prosecute those who offend herein, with the utmost rigour of the law. Charles Secrett. April 23, 1806. 43t.
The high bred English stallion, DION, WHICH was imported from London in the fall of 1801, by the late John Hoomes esq. of the Bowling Green, and is remarkable for his fine cuts; he was bred by W. Garforth esq. of Yorkshire, and is undoubtedly a horse of as fine blood as any in England; he was a good racer, and beat several of the best horses in that kingdom. He won a sweep-stake at York August meeting, nine subscribers, 50 guineas each, beating Mr. Winworth's colt by Escape, lord Fitz William's bay colt by Walnut, Mr. Wilson's colt by Escape, Mr. Pierse's bay colt by Spadille, Sir C. Turner's colt by Escape. In 1800 he won the stand plate at York, free for all ages, beating the famous horse Jonah. The same year he ran over the York course (4 miles) with Hambletonian, for the great subscription, and although the greatest exertion was made by the rider of Hambletonian, yet he beat Dion only the neck, and actually refused to run with him for the gold cup at Doncaster, a few days after, which Dion won with the greatest ease, beating lord Darlington's bay colt Hap-Hazzard by Sir Peter Teazle, lord Fitz William's brown filly Fanny, by do. Sir Harry Vane Tempest's bay colt by Walnut. Dion at another time beat Mr. Cooklin's Sir Harry, and Sir Thomas Galcoigne's Timothy, and several other horses of high repute, and was considered a horse of great speed and bottom, for his racing (in almost every instance) was 4 miles. DION, now rising 11 years old, full fifteen hands two inches and a half high, a fine bay, with great strength and beauty, and has probably the best feet, legs, back and quarters that were ever combined in one horse; Stands this season (which will commence the 20th of March and end the first of August) at Madison court house, and be let to mares at 12 dollars the single leap, paid in hand, 24 dollars the season (four dollars of which will be remitted if paid by the 20th of December next) 40 dollars to insure a mare with foal, and one dollar to the groom in every instance, paid when the mare is covered. Good beefsteers on foot, weighing not less than 400 delivered the first week in August, good fat pork on foot, delivered the 1st week in October; inspected crop tobacco, delivered at any ware house on the Kentucky river, and merchantable hemp, delivered either at Madison court house or Lexington by the 20th of December, will be received in payment, at the cash market price when delivered—a promissory attested note for 24 dollars the season, and 40 for insurance must be sent with the mares—should those mares insured not prove with foal, and the property not altered, the money will be returned. Good pasturage found gratis for mares coming from more than 12 miles distance, and those gentlemen who with their mares fed, may have it done at three shillings per week. Both the horse and mares will be under the direction of E. Faulkner and Henry Banton. WM. T. BANTON.
PEDIGREE. DION was bred by W. Garforth esq. and was got by Spadille, one of the best sons of Highflyer; his dam Faith by Pacolet, a grandson of the Godolphin Arabian; his grand dam, the famous Atalanta, by Old Matchem, out of Lass of the Mill, Oronook, Old Traveller, sister to Clark's Lass of the Mill, Mr. Holme's Mills Makeless, by Grey Hound; Old Partner, Woodcock, dam of Lambton, Miss Doe, Croft's Bay Barb, grand dam of the Ancestor Starling, Makeless, Demon's dam, Brimner, Dicky Pierson, son of Dodsworth, out of the Burton Barb mare. This pedigree was taken from the general stud book of England. JOHN HOOMES.
"True to his charge— He comes, the Herald of a noisy world, News from all nations lumb'ring at his back."
LEXINGTON, MAY 3. ON Monday night last, the dwelling house of Maj. Robert Clarke jun. of Clarke county, was consumed by fire—most of the furniture was saved. On Tuesday last Maj. John Crittenden, of Woodford county, was killed by a tree being felled on him. As we understand the present arrangement of the Eastern mail arriving on Monday and Saturday, will continue for some time, the Gazette will in future be published on Tuesday and Saturday. The conveyance of the mail in the stage does not take place until June.
The Senate have consented to and advised the ratification of the TRIPOLITAN TREATY —The votes were—Yeas 21—Nays 8.
WASHINGTON CITY, April 16. The Senate yesterday passed the bill, from the House of Representatives, prohibiting the importation of certain [British] goods, wares, and merchandise, without amendment—Yeas 19—Nays 9. The bill only requires the signature of the President to become a law. The bill to prohibit officers of the army and navy of the United States from holding or exercising any civil office, was read a third time. The question being taken, the bill passed—Yeas 64—Nays 34.
On Tuesday the 15th April, died suddenly, the hon. EDWARD SHIPPEN, late chief justice of the supreme court of Pennsylvania, in the 78th year of his age.
New-York, April 11. On the 10th instant, after a long and tedious illness, departed this life in the 78th year of his age, the hon. HORATIO GATES, lieutenant general in the service of the United States during the late revolutionary war, in which service he signalized himself as a faithful, brave, gallant and distinguished officer. He was a whig in England, and a genuine republican in America. He was attached to the cause of America from a full conviction of its justice, and fought faithfully under its banners thro' every stage of the conflict. He left his native country in the early part of his life, and served several campaigns in Germany, where he acquired the rudiments of military knowledge. He came hither with gen. Braddock, & served in the British army until the conclusion of the peace. He afterwards returned to England, but finally emigrated to America, and purchased an estate in Virginia. On the rupture between this country and Great Britain, he was called to take the command of the northern army, and by his skill and good conduct the troops under gen. Burgoyne surrendered prisoners of war. He was a scholar well versed in history and the latin classics, and of correct political principals. His manners and deportment was tinctured with a military bias. He was hospitable, generous, just and inflexible in his attachment to his friends, and possessed a feeling heart. He died in the full conviction of the truth of the Gospel Philosophy, and appeared pleased when it was recommended to his serious attention in the last stages of his illness.
PHILADELPHIA, April 16. The brig Hercules Courtney, Phillips, in 7 days from Havanna, has arrived at Charleston. Capt. Priest Havanna the 25th March, and informs, that while there, a vessel arrived from St. Thomas, the captain of which stated that the ship Leader, from New-York, had been spoken in the Mona Passage by an English vessel, which permitted her to pass, as the captain of the Leader laid the ship was bound to St. Domingo; she was afterwards spoken by another British ship to the southward of St. Domingo, when the same declaration was made, but the British captain observed that this was not probable, as she was entirely out of the way if she was bound there, and that he would send her in for examination; that gen. Miranda, who was on board, then shewed him some papers which he had from the British government, the British captain immediately permitted the ship to proceed on her voyage. It
was supposed she was bound to some place near to Carraccas. A letter from Laguire, dated 17th March, says "We have 10,000 men in arms to receive Mr. Miranda, who will have a warm reception.—An embargo is laid on all vessels, and very uncertain when it will be taken off."
April 17. The following paragraph is extracted from a piece which appeared in a Paris paper, [the Publiciste] of December 10. It was printed as a letter from Vienna dated November 23. The Publiciste is considered by some as a half-official paper. "I wish to see Austria lose the Tyrol and Salzbourg, in favor of Bavaria, which should be erected into a kingdom; the title of the emperor of Germany suppressed; Napoleon made emperor of the West; a new kingdom formed of Turkey in Europe: and the French, Spaniards, Germans, Italians and Greeks united under one chief; to prevent the Scythians from ever passing the Dardanelles, and traversing Poland.—This chief of the West will be master of the commerce of the East; and shall, when he chooses, make a journey to the Ganges."
BALTIMORE, April 18. Our last London papers mention a report that another French squadron, consisting of several sail of the line, had during the tempestuous weather made their escape from Brest early in February.
Captain Woodward, arrived this morning, fell in with a British squadron off Madeira, on the 16th February. They consisted of nine sail of the line and two frigates; and informed that they were in pursuit of that part of the French fleet which had escaped from Brest, under Jerome Bonaparte. Capt. W. did not learn who commanded the British squadron. A few days before capt. Jewett left Guadalupe, the ship Felicity, capt. Jones, of Philadelphia, arrived from Bordeaux. It was immediately proclaimed by the officers of the government, that accounts were received of a general continental peace—that Hamburg had been seized by Prussia, and that Kosciuszko had been proclaimed king of Poland.
Stallions, Geldings, Mares and Colts For Sale. THE subscriber has for sale, upwards of twenty head (of the above description) at his plantation, four miles east of Lexington, on Strode's road, equal in blood and figure to any in this state or perhaps the United States; they are generally from mares formerly selected and owned by Capt. Saml. Pryor, and Thomas D. Owings esq. by the famous running horse Diomed, Speculator and Spread Eagle; the two last supposed equal to any funds ever imported from England. As I wish to reduce my stock of horses, I will dispose of them on reasonable terms, for one half cash in hand, and the other half in six months. Amongst those offered for sale, are two three years old Stallions, and one two years old, all fine and of unquestionable blood; also four elegant four years old Mares, fit for the turf or saddle. Also for sale, a tract of 200 Acres first quality
MILITARY LAND. On Deer creek, 12 or 15 miles from Chillicothe; to be sold for cash or such trade as may be approved of by William West. May 1st, 1806. tf
ALL persons are hereby forewarned from trading with a woman who has passed by the name of the Widow Green, for a negro girl, about 16 or 17 years of age [who is probably pregnant.] she is a black, straight built, common sized girl, was raised in Madison county, by Col. Snoddy; or a large bay mare, five years old this spring, with foal, a small blaze in her face, gray hairs round the root of her tail, natural trotter, a lump on the bone of her under jaw. The above negro and mare, were taken from my house on the 8th March last, by the above woman. Any person delivering the said property to the subscriber, in Madison county, near the road through the Wilderness, within six miles of Richmond, or giving such information as to enable him to get them, shall receive a reward of Fifteen Dollars. Jacob Holloway. May 1, 1806. 3t*
Suspecting that the above negro is hired out or sold already, any person knowing of any such in their neighbourhood, are requested to be particular in examining her. NOTICE. ON the seventeenth day of May next, at ten o'clock in the morning, I shall attend with the commissioners appointed by the county court of Fayette, at my house, and from thence proceed to the beginning corner of the tract of land whereon I now live, which was originally entered in the name of William McConnell; in order to take the deposition of witnesses, and perpetuate their testimony, to establish the special calls of my said survey, and do such other things as may be necessary, agreeably to law. William Allen. April 16, 1806. 3w
JUST PUBLISHED, A nd for sale at this office, THE MONITOR. By Archibald Cameron, minister of the gospel.

SONNET.
BY HENRY KIRKE WHITE.
Quick o'er the wintry waste dart fiery shafts. Bleak blows the blast, now howls, then faintly dies, And oft, upon its awful wings, it wafts The dying wanderer's distant, feeble cries. Now, when athwart the gloom gaunt horror stalks, And midnight hags their damned vigils hold, The pensive poet, mid the wild waste walks, And ponders on the ills life's paths unfold. Mindless of dangers hovering round, he goes, Insenstible to every outward ill; Yet o'er his bosom heaves with rending throes, And oft big tears adown his worn cheeks trill. Ah! 'tis the anguish of a mental fore, Which gnaws his heart, and bids him hope no more.
"TRIPLES LIGHT AS AIR."
NOT long since, a new married couple being at dinner in a circle of friends, the husband thinking a joke would be relished at the expence of his wife, when he asked him for a piece of turkey—He answered, "I believe my dear you was not fond of turkey before you was married?" "Yes," she replied, "and what was still more unfortunate, I was fond of a goose."
New-York Grand Literature
Lottery, No. 4.
Authorized by an act of the Legislature, and payment of prizes guaranteed by them, possibly be drawn in May next. 25,000, } Dollars highest 10,000, } Prizes. 5,000, } Tickets, Halves, Quarters and Eighths, for sale at
G. & R. WAITE'S Truly Fortunate Lottery offices, No. 64, & No. 38, Maiden Lane, New-York.
Where was sold in the two last lotteries, the highest prize in each, and other capitals, to an enormous amount—amongst them were the following:
 No. 17199 (highest prize) $25000  3029 (highest prize) $20000  15298 $3000  13904 $2000  23396 $2000  28373 $2000  3978 $1000  20555 $1000  92315 $1000   Besides a great number of 500, 200, 100 dollar prizes &c.
Distant adventurers, by forwarding bank notes of any description, to G. & R. Waite, in letters post paid, may have tickets and saucers sent them to any amount, with the strictest punctuality, and perfect safety, to any part of the United States, and the earliest advice will be given of their success. Price of tickets Seven Dollars. 2m
ADVERTISEMENT.
The subscriber offers to the public, a New Invention for Pressing;
Calculated to supersede the use of the screw almost, if not altogether. For a certain press it stands unrivalled, as might be certified by a host of witnesses if necessary; for an oil press, I submit the following certificate from a gentleman of unquestionable veracity.
Certificate.
I, Wm. Crawford, of South-east Dutchess county, state of N. York, do hereby certify that I have used Bette's patent, Wheel Press, for pressing oil, and find it preferable to any that I have ever seen as it produces more oil with less expense, and I do recommend it to the public as a very useful invention—Witness my hand. Wm. Crawford.
The machine which I offer to the public (though it comes with a bad grace from me) really merits attention; as in cheese making it reduces the labor from a degree to which female strength is illly adapted, to almost nothing; and in places which are yet in their infancy, this machine will be peculiarly useful, as those kind of presses, viz. the cider, clothier's and oil, are yet to be erected, and may be done at much less expense than the ordinary mode.
Licenses for constructing and using the above invention, will be afforded at a reasonable rate, by the subscriber. Hezekiah Bette.
NORWALK, Fairfield county, Conn.
CUT NAIL MANUFACTORY.
THE subscribers respectfully inform their friends and the public in general, that they have opened a NAIL MANUFACTORY, in the town of Mayville, on Water Street, next door to Mr. John Armstrong's store, where they manufacture all kinds of Cut Nails & Springs. They have on hand, a general assortment of Wrought Nails, Saddle Tacks, Horse's Bar Iron, Window Glass, Hollow Ware, &c. which they intend to sell at the Pittsburgh prices with the addition of carriage, for cash or approved notes. William Porter Jun. & Co
The full blooded imported English running horse ARRA KOOKER.
THAT has acquired so much celebrity in the Eastern States, has just arrived at this place from Philadelphia, to which place he was imported in the year seventeen hundred and ninety-eight, and where he has distinguished himself as a sure and good foal getter, will stand the ensuing season commencing at this time, and ending the first day of August next, at the same stable in this place that Royalist has occupied for the two last seasons, under the particular care and direction of Mr. George Sourbray Jun. and will be let to mares at the moderate price of thirty dollars the season, payable the first day of January next, which may be discharged by the payment of twenty on the first day of September next—Forty dollars to insure a mare with foal, the money to be returned provided the mare remains the property of the person who owned her when put to the horse, if she does not prove to have been with foal, and any gentleman putting by the season and complying with the terms, whose mare does not prove to have been with foal, shall have the liberty of putting to the horse gratis next season, if she remains the property of the person who put her—Twelve dollars the leap to be paid in hand, and one dollar to the groom in every instance. Attested notes for forty dollars insurance, and thirty for the season will be expected with the mares—good and extensive pastures, well watered and under good fence are provided, and will be furnished gratis to all mares sent from a distance, and the greatest care and attention will be paid by Mr. Sourbray, but cannot be accountable for accidents or escapes.
JOHN W. HUNT.
Lexington April 1st, 1806
ARRA KOOKER, is a beautiful bay, with black legs, mane, and tail; full sixteen hands high, and for figure, strength, elegance, movement and bone, is surpassed by no horse on the continent—As to his colts must refer to Maj. James Heard of Winchester, Virginia, who is at present in this place, and to Mr. Robert Barr, who lives near this place, and whose certificates are annexed to this advertisement.
I DO hereby certify, that I have bred a colt by ARRA KOOKER, and think it extremely large and elegant, with remarkable fine limbs—The appearance of it has induced me to enter it in a sweep stake of 500 dollars—Likewise have seen a considerable number, which are promising—He is supposed to be a sure foal getter. Given under my hand this 10th day of April, 1806.
James Heard.
Teste, Danl. Bradford. I do certify that whilst I was in New-Town, in the Fall and Winter of 1803, I saw several of ARRA KOOKER's colts, they were rising 2 and three years old, they promised to be very fine, and during my stay in that part of the country, I visited Penny-Town, in New-Jersey, where ARRA KOOKER had stood, and general report spoke highly of him as a sure and good foal getter.
Robert Barr.
Lexington March 26th, 1806. ARRA KOOKER was imported from England by Dr. Tate, 1798. Is a beautiful bay, with black legs, mane, and tail; full sixteen hands high; a lofty elegant figure, with a great proportion of bone & strength and moves well; he is from the purest blood, he is from the best line of horses in England.
ARRA KOOKER was bred by the celebrated running horse Drono (who won 25 Kings plates, Jockey club plates, and matches, to the amount of 5000 guineas) his grand sire was Herod, out of Lilly; his great grand sire was Blank, the sire of Eclipse—his dam was Mr. Dods worth's Chatsworth mare, by Chatsworth, a son of Blank's, (dam of Abba Thule) his grand dam, by Engineer, his great grand dam, by Wilson's Arabian, his great grand grand dam by Hutton's Spot, his great grand grand grand dam by Mogul, great grand grand grand grand dam by Crab, Bay Bolton, Curwin's Barb, Spot White legg'd Lather barb, &c. &c.
ARRA KOOKER when three years old won a sweep stake of 100 guineas, two miles, five horses started at New-Castle on Tine and 50 guineas Northallerton; at four years old he walked over the course for 100 guineas at New-Castle on Tine—no four year old would enter against him the four mile heats, (you may in the racing callender see) in consequence of an injury in his leg, received in running, he was taken out of training; but of which he is now perfectly recovered and free from blemish. I certify that the bright bay horse ARRA KOOKER, this day sold by me to Dr. James Tate, of Philadelphia, North America; was bred by Matthew Dods worth, Esq. of Crake Hall Yorkshire; that he was got by the running horse Drono out of Abba Thule's dam, for whose pedigree reference may be had to the Stud Book, &c. &c. Given under my hand and seal, at the city of York, this 25th day of August, 1797.
A true copy from the original.
Conyers Norton.
THE bay horse, ARRA KOOKER, by Drono out of my Chatsworth gray mare, (the dam of Abba Thule) was bred by me, is no more than eight years old last grass. Witness my hand this 26th day of August, 1797.
A true copy from the original.
MATHEW DODSWORTH.
STATE OF KENTUCKY: Fayette Circuit Court, March term, 1806. Albertus Bright, Samuel M'Gehee, and John M'Gehee, complainants, Against Thomas English, defendant, IN CHANCERY. ON the motion of the complainants, by their counsel, who exhibited their bill against the defendant, and having proved to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth, it is ordered that the said defendant do appear here on the third day of our next June term, and answer the complainants' bill, or that the same will be taken for confessed, and that a copy of this order be inserted in some authorised paper agreeable to law.
A copy. Teste,
Thos. Bodley, C.F.C.C.
BLUE DYING.
MRS. KEISER, takes this method of informing the public, that she has commenced the Blue Dying business, next door below Mr. Hudson, the saddler, where she will dye cotton, yarn, and thread, or any kind of home made cloth, which she will warrant to stand its color, as she dyes with hot water. She will dye the above articles as cheap as they can be done any where in Lexington, and receive produce in payment. February 25, 1806.
FOR SALE.
THE place whereon I now live, on 450 acres, lying on David's Fork of Elkhorn, with good improvements; about 140 acres of open land, the dwelling house is of Brick, two stories 22 feet wide and 46 feet long, two GRIST MILLS in good repair, and grind very fast, one pair of stones are French burr; the springs and flock of water was never known to fail. I will sell the whole together, and give an extensive credit on one fourth being paid down, or I will sell 100 acres with the mills and distillery on it, and give a considerable credit on one third being paid down. It is generally counted a very handsome place—it is needless to mention further particulars, as any person wishing to buy, can view the premises. 1pif John Rogers.
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to the late firm of David Saml. Brown and Eliza Warfield, who is authorised to settle all debts due the firm, and close their accounts by paying them or giving their notes for the sums due, and those who have demands against the firm are desired to bring them, forward to Dr. Warfield for payment. Every person who knows that Dr. Brown has left this state, for Orleans, will see the necessity of this request, and will no doubt, avail themselves of the first opportunity to call on Dr. Warfield, who lives in the house that was formerly occupied by Dr. F. Ridgely, and close their accounts in one of the two ways specified above.
DELISHA WARFIELD Will continue to practice Medicine and Surgery in Lexington and vicinity. March 1, 1806.—tf
NOTICE.
DR. SAML. BROWN , desires that all persons indebted to him, will call on Doctor Eliza Warfield, who is authorised to settle all his accounts and notes due him, before the existence of his partnership with Doctor Warfield—The books are in his possession and all papers necessary to enable him to liquidate all accounts.
STATE OF KENTUCKY. Fayette Circuit Court, March term, 1806 William M'Bride, complainant, Against William Lytle, and Robert Bradley defendants. IN CHANCERY. The fame, defendants, ON the motion of the complainants, by their counsel, who exhibited their bills against the defendants, and having proved to the satisfaction of the court, that the defendant William Lytle, is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth, it is ordered that the said defendant do appear here on the third day of our next June term, and answer the complainants' bills, or that the same will be taken for confessed, and that a copy of this order be inserted in some authorised paper agreeable to law. A copy. Teste, Thos. Bodley, C.F.C.C.
FOR SALE.
326 Acres of Military Lands, lying on the south of Green river, and in the state of Kentucky.
916 acres on the waters of the Cumberland river, surveyed for John Overton, and adjoining Moll's, Foster's & Rose's surveys.
500 acres on Green river, surveyed for Elias Langham, and adjoining Henderson's grant.
1000 acres on Glover's creek, a branch of the north fork of Skeggs' creek, surveyed for Peter Carr, and adjoining R. Taylor's and G. R. Clarke's surveys.
1000 acres on Sulphur Lick fork of Little Barren river, surveyed for Peter Carr, and adjoining B. Swearingen's survey, and
500 acres on the waters of Big Barren river.
Information may be obtained from Edw. Rogers, relative to the quality and situation of those lands.
Also, 5333 1-3 acres of Virginia Military Lands, lying in the state of Ohio, and between the Scioto and Little Miami rivers, (viz.)
400 acres lying on the Ohio 260 poles from the mouth of the Scioto, between Armstrong's and Culbertson's surveys, and surveyed for Thomas Overton.
768 acres on the waters of the Ohio, adjoining Alex. Parker's survey, and surveyed for Thomas Overton.
1000 acres on the lower side of the East Fork of the Little Miami, and on Clover Lick creek, and surveyed for Thomas Overton.
700 acres on the waters of the Little Miami, adjoining Tho. Holt's, J. Clarke's, Joseph Jones's, and Thomas Dike's survey, and surveyed for Thomas Overton.
408 1-3 acres on the Rattle Snake fork of Paint creek, adjoining Wm. George's and David Reddick's surveys.
1000 acres on the East Fork of the Little Miami, adjoining the above tract, and surveyed for Archelaus Perkins.
Persons wishing to purchase those lands, will please to apply to Gen. Wm. Lytle, of Williamsburgh, Gen. Nathl. Mallet, Mr. John Balie, of Ohio; Mr. James Taylor, of New-Port, or the subscriber living in Lexington, Kentucky. One fourth of the purchase money to be paid down, and the other three fourths in three equal annual installments. W. WARFIELD. April 26th, 1806.
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE.
700 acres Military Land, lying on Brush creek, N. W. T. where the road crosses from Limestone to Chillicothe; this tract contains about three hundred acres of rich bottom, the remainder is well timbered; has on it a good mill seat, and is an excellent stand for a public house.
500 acres ditto ditto, lying on Clover Lick creek, a branch of the East fork of the Little Miami, N. W. T. in a good neighborhood, about three miles from Dunham's-Town, seven from Williamsburg, and eleven to twelve from the Ohio river.
1000 acres ditto ditto, lying on Brush creek, a few miles from New Market, N. W. T.
500 acres, lying on Bank Lick creek, Kentucky, part of two tracts, containing 6000 acres, surveyed and patented for William Jones.
4000 acres, Clarke county, Kentucky, part of a tract of eight thousand acres, surveyed and patented for Richard Chinivorth.
3332 2-3 acres, Mason county, Kentucky, part of 5000 acres, surveyed and patented for George Underwood.
1200 acres, Mason county, Kentucky, surveyed and patented for Moody and M'Millin.
1000 acres Military land, on the waters of Russell's creek, Green river.
325 acres, Jefferson county, Kentucky, about four miles from Louisville, 40 acres of this tract is cleared.
116 1-2 acres, Franklin county, Kentucky, on the North fork of Elkhorn, about six miles from Frankfort; on that tract are considerable improvements.
A House and well improved Lot in the town of Paris, on Main Street, nra adjoining Mr. Hughes's tavern.
An Inn and Out Lot in said town.
Also a House and well improved Lot in this place.
The above described property will be sold for CASH, HEMP and TOBACCO, or on giving bond with good security, a considerable credit may be had. For further particulars enquire of Andrew F. Price, attorney in fact for (or to the subscriber.)
JOHN JORDAN Jun. Lexington Kentucky, } January 13. 1803. }
I BEG leave to inform my friends, late customers, and the public, that I have brought from Philadelphia, fresh & fashionable SHOES OF ALL KINDS , for sale at my shop on Short street, next door to Mr. Keiser's and nearly opposite the market house, Lexington, to wit— Mens' fine and coarse Shoes, Boys' fine and coarse do. Ladies' Leather Slippers, do. Fancy Kid shoes, do. Kid, with heels and spring heels, of all colours, do. Spangled and plain Kid of all colors, do. Spangled and plain Morocco Slippers of all colors, Misses' Kid and Morocco Slippers, Childrens' Morocco of all colors and Lather Jeffersons, &c. &c.
The above articles I warrant to be as good as ever came to the state, or made in the United States; as I have none but picked work, I do not want to flatter the public with an advertisement, as the work will show for itself.
MOROCCO SKINS of all colors, Leather Shoe Binding of all colors, and Shoe Strings. Cork Soles, and Black Ball or a superior quality—also, a few pair SKATES. WILLIAM ROSS. April 9, 1806.
STATE OF KENTUCKY: Fayette Circuit Court, March term, 1806. William Gouch, complainant, Against Benjamin Turner, Higgins, &c. deft's.
IN CHANCERY. THE defendant Benjamin Turner, having failed to enter his appearance here in agreeable to law and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth; on the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the third day of our next March term, and answer the complainant's bill, and that a copy of this order be inserted in some authorised paper agreeable to law.
A copy. Teste,
Thos. Bodley C.F.C.C.
Just Published and for Sale at this Office,
2 A DECLARATION OR CONFESSION OF FAITH:
As revised or compiled from the Philadelphia Baptist Confession of Faith, By Ambrose Dudley, John Price, Joseph Redding, Carter Tarrant, Robert Johnson, John Payne and Bartlet Collins, who were appointed a committee for that business by the Elkhorn Association.
And as the business of its adoption, is expected to come on in the next August association, the members of that body may do well to make themselves acquainted with it. The price is very low, only 12 1-2 cents for a single one, or one dollar per dozen. It is probable some of them will be sent to several towns neighbouring.
6w
Notice is hereby given,
THAT application will be made by us, to the county court of Muhlenberg, at their next July-term, to establish a Town on our lands on Pghd river, near the mouth of Isaac's creek.
Epps Littlepage, William Bradford, Cbs. F. Wing. April 4th, 1806. samzm
NOTICE.
All those indebted to the estate of Gabriel Madison, dec. for property sold them in July 1804, and for debts contracted prior to the death of the said deceased, are informed, that their notes and accounts are in the hands of the subscriber, of this place. They are therefore requested to make immediate payment, as the situation of the estate will not admit of longer delay.
John L. Martin, Ex'r to the estate of C. Madison dec. Lexington, Dec. 4th, 1805.
LAST NOTICE.
ALL those indebted to the late firms of Seitz & Lauman, John A. Seitz, Seitz & Johnson, John A. Seitz & Co. John Jordan Jun. John Jordan junior & Co. and John & William Jordan, are requested to come forward immediately and pay off their respective accounts to COURTS FIELD , who is hereby duly authorised to receive the same. Those who do not avail themselves of this notice, may rest assured, that indulgence will not be given beyond the first of March, when suits will be indiscriminately instituted.
J. Jordan jr.
N. B.—TOBACCO, HEMP, and HOGS' LARD, will be received at the market price, in payment.
J. J. Lexington, January 28. 1805. tf
NEW SCHOOL.
MR. & MRS. GREEN, beg leave to acquaint their friends in Lexington and its vicinity, that on Monday the 6th of January, 1806, they intend opening an Academy for Young Ladies where they will be taught, the following branches of Education, (viz.)
  per quarter.    Spelling, Reading, with all kinds of Needle Work, $3  Writing & Arithmetic, $3  English Grammar, Geography, &c. $3  Music, (vocal & instrumental) with use of instrument, $12  
Such ladies and gentlemen who please to honour them with the instruction of their children, may rely on their using every exertion in their power, towards their making a rapid progress.
N.B. The manufactory of Patent Piano Fortes, is carried on as usual.—Price 180 dollars.
Mr. Green has just received from Philadelphia, an assortment of NEW MUSIC, which he offers for sale. Lexington, December 24, 1805. tf
IMPORTANT.
TO all those who with either to become citizens or to hold lands in that delightful country south of Green river. The subscriber being inclined to remove to Tennessee, offers for sale, the plantation on which he now resides, together with six thousand acres of land, situate on both sides of Red river, and Big Whippoorwill, including several fine mill seats, and as valuable a body of timber as any on Red river; surrounded by barrens, some of which are equal in quality to any in Logan county; about 90 acres of cleared land, under good fence, a small apple orchard of the best fruit, a peach and cherry orchard, all in full perfection. On the premises is a large and elegant two story Brick House, entirely new, together with other necessary buildings. In point of health and beauty, this situation perhaps is exceeded by none in the state of Kentucky. The plantations lay one on the north, the other on the south side of the river, a little below where the two forks unite, and just opposite the confluence of Big Whippoorwill. Those streams afford water sufficient (the river in particular) all the year to support a merchant and saw mill. A considerable quantity of the timbered land is fine rich bottom.
The subscriber has also for sale sundry other tracts of land in Logan county, and likewise in Christian county, one tract in Livingston county, and one on Cumberland river, Stewart county, state of Tennessee; he has in one complete tract in Christian 15,000 acres, equal perhaps in value, to any tract in that country. It is situate on the main course of Little river, including several miles on both sides of the river, and including some fine mill seats, (this river is a never failing fountain) it is situate in part about four miles below the court house, and extends from thence southerly down the main river and the sinking fork of said river, the distance of five miles (or more perhaps.) The subscriber has also another tract of land lying on the south side of Little river, about eight or ten miles from Cumberland river, consisting of 780 acres, part well timbered, the remainder good level barrens. This and the other last mentioned tract, has a number of fine springs on them, and are both well calculated to form a settlement for a number of families. The former is sufficient to make a settlement for 20 families; the latter is sufficient to make 8 or 10 farms, and good settlements.
The subscriber has for sale, sundry other smaller tracts in Christian, all or any of which he will sell upon terms perhaps more moderate than any such lands have been sold for many years past. [The summer range in all this country is equal to any in the universe.] Indisputable titles will be made to the purchasers. For terms and further information, apply to the subscriber at his plantation, about 12 miles south of Russellville. Letters addressed to the subscriber, [post paid] and left in the post-office at Russellville, will be duly attended to, and answered through the medium of the mail. If part of the purchase money be paid in advance, a considerable indulgence will be given for the remainder. BEVERLY A. ALLEN. March 23, 1806. 2m
Blank Books
Of any description may be had at this office.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE KENTUCKY GAZETTE AND GENERAL ADVERTIZER.
LEXINGTON, MAY 3, 1806.
To Daniel Bradford, Esq. Editor of the Kentucky Gazette.
SIR,
A SCANDALOUS invective under the signature of Aristides , in aid of the calumnies against governor Wilkinson, with which your Gazette has teemed, made its appearance through the wonted channel, on the 20th of February. The author of this slimy production must have entirely discarded the modesty of nature, or he would hardly have pledged himself to support in a court of justice, the groundless falsehoods which he has attempted to impose on the public, and which alone could justify the attention of this note.
It is presumed a court of justice may finally determine the merits of the allegations set forth in this piece, and in the mean time, a brief reply is offered to undeceive the credulous and correct the slanders of this shameless scribbler, who has presumptuously assumed the title of a wife, just and virtuous patriot.
It is imputed to the governor that he had "denounced three-fifths of the population of the territory he governs, (that is all the Americans) as the emptyings of the jails of the United States, and refugees from justice."
This is a thread-bare falsehood, probably invented and first uttered by Rufus Easton, with the commendable view to render the governor unpopular, but the device was too shallow to succeed. The conduct of the governor to all ranks of his fellow-citizens, from the most poor and helpless, to the most independent and able, spoke too plainly to be affected by the foul whispers of this son of slander. The falsehood and its author and employers, are all despised, whilst every honest man in the territory looks to the governor as the common protector and defender of his interests, against the nefarious speculations of a band of swindlers, of which Rufus Easton was the chief.
It is alleged that the governor has attached himself solely and exclusively to a junta of speculators in anti-dated concessions—then must ninety-hundredths of the people of this territory merit this designation, for in that proportion at least, do they adhere to the governor, acknowledge his patronage, and approve his conduct. It is true, he did detect the celebrated major Seth Hunt, of cow-skin memory, in trafficking for anti-dated concessions, and did reprimand him for such conduct, but as this scribbler must be one of the major's men, he certainly cannot allude to that transaction, and therefore I am at a loss to know for whom he intended this blind blow.
The governor is degraded into a "partizan" of his own party—Surrounded by crowds of spies and informers, he is robbed of his senses, falls under the lash of common-place conversation, and is abandoned to a few friends "who are the emptyings of jails and refugees from justice." Where then, Aristides , is the junta of speculators in anti-dated concessions, or why do you, assassin like, at the expense of justice, truth and honour, exert your puny efforts to wound the character of one so debased and so humbled? Here we have a slight specimen of your consistency and that of your faction.
The governor is accused again and again, until the falsehood has become stale, of establishing a "court of inquisition, for taking depositions from the most detestable of mankind, for the purposes of persecution, injustice and wrong." It is a pity some fact had not appeared to sub-
stantiate this charge; and why has not this been done by some of the governor's virulent persecutors?—The reason is obvious, the governor has never taken a deposition since he entered the territory, and he has received no information but in defence of innocence and poverty, against art, power and oppression, and none it is verily believed, which does not criminate some one of this scribbler's accomplices. If the governor had shut his eyes and his ears against the complaints of the indigent and the frauds of judges, justices and publick agents, then would all have been well, and those who now cry out crucify him, would have been the first to eulogize his virtues, and he would have wallowed in down and slept on roses.
The governor is accused of having packed a jury, on the oaths of two respectable men. What men? Judge Lucas? No! for he only laboured with malignant delight, to prove, by volumes of jesuitical letters to his friends at Washington, that the thing must be so.—Was it his quan-dam worthy brother in all things demeritorious, Easton? No! for his assertion of the fact served but to discredit it.—Was it major Hunt? No! for his foul mouthed belchings and bellowings convey no scandal.—Was it major Bruff? No! for his venomous pen has been secretly employed for purposes more murderous, to gratify the cruel denunciation of a Nero, and to satiate the lurking deadly revenge, and not the pride and spirit of a Zanga, this man would at the expense of every bond of truth and integrity, poison the harmony of our publick counsels, and put a torch to his country.—Who then are these respectable swearers? Who but a Mr. Hempstead and a Mr. Caulk, the very outcasts and pimps of faction, the abject dependents of Rufus Easton, whose malignant intentions have been exposed before the senate of the United States, and who have since been indicted by a jury of their peers, for corrupt practices in office. On as loose a foundation rests the charge of the governor's having refused for six months to meet the judges in his legislative capacity. This spurious Aristides is wonderfully addicted to saying the thing which is not, but we must allow him credit for the zeal with which he pursues his object, at the risque of whatever is held dear by men of honour. Facts are tough things—They speak not in whispers.—Judge Lucas was not ready for legislation, nor did he reach that place before the tenth of August. The first proposition for legislating, was made on the 12th day of October, & Easton fled the country on the 31st day of December. But this scribbler, who is prepared to prove any thing for the faction of which he is a bale instrument, will, no doubt, be able to stretch time to his purposes, or to adopt his purpose to the time. Of equal import and validity is the imputation that the governor has displaced justices of the peace without cause or without a charge.—Who have been discharged from office? Moses Austin, Thomas Maddin and Richard Caulk, the two former of St. Genevieve, and the latter of the district of St. Louis.—Wherefore were they dismissed?—The two first to restore decorum and harmony to the bench of St. Genevieve, which they had long agitated by the vehemence of their animosities, to the great disgust and annoyance of the publick in general, & their associates particularly; who had in consequence so generally declined serving, as to produce a lapse of a term of the common pleas, to the great injury of many individuals. The justice Caulk who has volunteered an oath in defence of his friend Easton, was turned out of office, for putting his name to an unprovoked, insolent, libellous note, prepared for him and addressed to the governor by one of the cabal, instead of availing himself of a favorable opportunity to justify his conduct against the allega-
tions for which he has been since indicted.
The strains of untruth which our scribbler sports concerning the old story of major Hunt's arrest, and of the governor's incapacity to administer any civil function, are truly unanswerable, and will therefore be passed over to make way for the governor's usurpation in the appointment of a surveyor general. This subject has crossed some wise brains, as well as many addled pates, and therefore deserves ten words of serious refutation.—Governor Wilkinson never did appoint a surveyor general to the territory, ergo, a palpable lie. Eie upon it! must be attached to the scandalized name of Aristides —But governor Harrison did make such appointment as was his duty, under the law of congress of the 26th March 1804, and governor Wilkinson did confirm the appointment of governor Harrison, as was his duty also, under the law of the 2d March 1805. But the operations of the office did not suit the views of Easton, and his accomplice, John Dupaintreau, seized with a fit of controversy to which he is prone, entered into the opposition, and determined to demolish the office, even should the whole interests of the country be jeopardized—He claims a late bill, which was ushered into congress by the honorable Mr. Gregg, as the offspring of his brain, and exults in this act of his influence, altho it may deluge Louisiana in tears.
I would advise all honest men calmly and coolly to examine the act of congress referred to, before they pass sentence definitively on the conduct of governor Wilkinson in this case, and I think it will be found that he not only understood his duty, but discharged it in the manner best calculated to save the claims of individuals and the rights of the publick, on terms most economical, and to prevent future controversies.
The charge against the governor, of having "removed a deputy surveyor without the concurrence of the surveyor general," wherein our scribbler here seems willing to recognize his authority, is added to the mass, merely to increase the weight of accusation, as one would throw sand into a scale to destroy the balance. The case is this—Mr. John Harvey was appointed clerk of the court of common pleas for the district of St. Charles, by gov. Wilkinson—He was afterwards appointed a deputy surveyor on the governor's recommendation; the duties were found to interfere, and the governor desired the surveyor general to appoint another deputy in the place of Mr. Harvey, the measure excited his violent displeasure; he is a young man of strong passions, and was pushed on by the cabal to address to the governor a most abusive note, the result of conjoint deliberation; what was the effect? The governor thinking well of his heart, and believing he had been duped by the junta, spoke to Mr. Harvey's friends. He reviewed his conduct, recalled his letter, and was continued in office. The scribbler who has addressed this contemptible invective to the governor, is an office hunter, and has hitherto been disappointed in his pursuit— Hinc illae lacrimae —But to-morrow he would accept the most petty office in the territory, would acknowledge his own guilt, and betray his associates in villainy.
AMATOR VERI.
The writer's name is given to the printer, who will communicate it to any gentleman willing to know it, for any other purpose than to gratify idle curiosity.
Territory of Louisiana, } ss. District of St. Louis, }
The grand inquest of the United States for the body of the district of St. Louis, on their oaths, present Edward Hempstead, late of said district, attorney at law, for that he,
on the 21st day of June, in the year 1805, at the district aforesaid, being engaged, fed, and employed as an attorney of a certain George Cunningham, of the said district, in an action brought by him the said George against a certain George Gordon, in the court of common pleas in the district aforesaid, did falsely, fraudulently, and contrary to his duty as attorney of said court, for and in consideration of the sum of ten dollars, current money of the United States, agree with the said G. Gordon, defendant of said action, in pursuance of said corrupt bargain, to continue the said cause from one term to another, to the damage of the said George Cunningham, and against the peace, government, and dignity of the United States.
(Signed)
J. L. DONALDSON,
Atty. Gen. Try. Louisiana.
Which said bill is endorsed
"A true bill,"
(Signed)
"John Mullanphy, Foreman."
"George Cunningham, George Gordon, William Thornton, William Sullivan, witnesses."
I Andrew Steele, Clerk of the court of general quarter sessions of the peace, in and for the district of St. Louis, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true transcript from the original records of the said court of the term of March last.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, and affixed the seal of the court, this 10th day of April, in the year of our Lord 1806, and of the Independence of the United States the thirtieth.
AND. STEELE, C. Q. S.
Territory of Louisiana, } ss. District of St. Louis, }
The grand inquest of the United States for the body of the district aforesaid, on their oaths, present Richard Caulk, late of said district, yeoman, for that he, on the 22nd day of March, in the year 1805, at the district aforesaid, being then in the commission of the peace, and being duly and legally appointed justice in and for said district, and bound to issue warrants agreeably to a law entitled a law established for the trial of small causes, did under colour and pretext of his office aforesaid, and against the provisions of the said law, unjustly, vexatiously, against his duty as justice of the peace, without being applied to by any person therein entitled, issue and deliver unto a certain Gabriel Long, two summonses, signed with the proper hand writing of said Richard Caulk, commanding the said Gabriel Long to summon person or persons not named in said writ, and blanks left for their names to be filled up by the said Gabriel Long, at his discretion, which said summonses in blank, were afterwards by the said Gabriel Long, to wit, on the 20th day of April, in the 1805, filled up with the names of Elisha Herrington and a certain Davis, without the order of the said Richard Caulk thereto previously obtained; and so the grand jurors aforesaid, on their oaths aforesaid, do say, that the said Richard Caulk, under color of his office of justice of the peace aforesaid, did oppressively, wickedly, against his duty aforesaid, and against the act in such case made and provided, issue two summonses, leaving blanks for the names of the defendants, and authorise and empower said Gabriel Long to fill up what names he pleased, and execute them at his pleasure, contrary to the statute in such case made and provided, to the damage of said Elisha Herrington and Davis, and against the peace, dignity and government of the United States.
(Signed)
J. L. DONALDSON,
Atty. Gen. Ter. Louisiana.
On which said bill is the following endorsement, to wit:
"A true bill."
(Signed)
"John Mullanphy, Foreman."

"Witnesses, Christian Heldbrand and Thomas Rogers."
I Andrew Steele, clerk of the court of general quarter sessions of the peace, in and for the district of St. Louis, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true transcript from the original records of the said court of the term of March last.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, and affixed the seal of the court, this 10th day of April, in the year of our Lord 1806, and of the Independence of the United States the thirtieth.
AND. STEELE. C. Q. S.
(BY AUTHORITY.)
L A W S OF THE UNITED STATES.
AN ACT
For altering the time for holding the circuit court, in the district of North Carolina, and for abolishing the July term of the Kentucky district court.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the U. S. of America in Congress assembled, That the June term of the circuit court now holden for the district of North Carolina, on the the fifteenth day of June, shall commence and be holden on the twentieth day of the same month, any thing contained in any former act or acts to the contrary notwithstanding. And that all actions, suits, process, pleadings and other proceedings of what nature or kind soever, civil or criminal, commenced or to commence in the said court; and all recognizances returnable to the said court on the fifteenth day of June, shall be continued, returned to, and have day in the session to be holden by this act, and the same proceedings shall be had thereon as heretofore, and shall have all the effect, power and virtue as if the alteration had never been made: Provided nevertheless, That when the twentieth day of June shall happen on Sunday, the next shall be the first juridical day.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That from and after the first day of August next, so much of all and every act or acts, as directs that a district court, for the Kentucky district, shall be holden on the first Monday in July, in every year, shall be and the same is hereby repealed.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
GEO. CLINTON, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. February 28, 1806.
APPROVED
TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
Extending the powers of the surveyor general to the territory of Louisiana, and for other purposes.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the powers vested by law in the surveyor general, shall extend over all the public lands of the United States, in the territory of Louisiana, to which the Indian title has been, or hereafter shall be extinguished. It shall be the duty of the said surveyor general to appoint a sufficient number of skillful surveyors as his deputies, in the said territory, one of whom he shall, with the approbation of the secretary of the treasury, designate as his principle deputy for the same. Which said deputies shall severally take an oath, or affirmation, truly and faithfully to discharge the duties of their respective offices. The said principle deputy shall reside and keep an office in the said territory, and shall, under the superintendence of the surveyor general, execute or cause to be executed by the other deputies, such surveys as may hereafter be authorized by law or as he may be directed to execute by the commissioners appointed for the purpose of ascertaining the titles and claims to land aforesaid; and shall generally perform therein, in conformity with the regulations and instructions of the said surveyor general, the duties imposed by law on the said surveyor general.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all the plots of surveys, and all other papers and documents pertaining, or which did pertain to the office of surveyor general, under the Spanish government, within the limits of the territory aforesaid, or to any other office heretofore established or authorized for the purpose of executing or recording surveys of lands within the said limits shall be delivered to the principal deputy aforesaid; and no plot of survey shall be admitted as evidence, in any court of justice, unless certified by the said principle deputy, to be a true copy of the record in his office.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That so much of the act entitled "An act for ascertaining and adjusting the titles and claims to land within the territory of Orleans, and the district of Louisiana," as makes it the duty of every claimant to lands within the the territory of Louisiana to deliver to the recorder of land titles a plot of the tract, or tracts, claimed by him, be and the same is hereby repealed, so far as relates to claimants whose tracts had not been surveyed by the proper officer, under the Spanish government, prior to the twentieth day of December one thousand eight hundred and three. And the commissioners appointed for ascertaining the titles and claims to lands, within either the territory of Louisiana or that of Orleans, are hereby authorized to direct the officer exercising the powers of surveyor general, within the same, to execute such surveys as they may think necessary, for the purpose of deciding on claims presented for their decision: Provided, That the expence of executing such surveys shall be defrayed by the parties claiming the land, unless the same be claimed by a legal French or Spanish grant, made and completed before the first day of October one thousand eight hundred: And provided also, and it is hereby further enacted, that every such survey, as well as every other survey, by whatever authority heretofore executed, those of the above mentioned and complete titles only excepted, shall be held and considered as private surveys only; and all the tracts of land, the title to which may be ultimately confirmed by Congress, in conformity with the provisions of the act above mentioned, shall prior to the issuing of patents, be re-surveyed, if judged necessary, under the authority, of the person exercising the powers of surveyor general, and at the expence of the parties.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the surveyor general shall fix the compensation of the deputy, surveyors, chain carriers and axe-men, in the territory of Louisiana: Provided, That the whole expence of surveying and marking the lines, whether paid by the United States, or by individuals, shall not exceed three dollars per mile, for every mile that shall be actually run or surveyed or marked. And the principal deputy aforesaid shall be entitled to receive from individuals the following fees, that is to say, for examining and recording the surveys executed by any of the deputies, at the rate of twenty-five cents for every mile of the boundary line of such survey, and for a certified copy of any plot of a survey in his office, twenty-five cents.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
GEO. CLINTON, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. February 28, 1806.
APPROVED
TH: JEFFERSON.
FOR SALE, THE PLANTATION on which I now live, containing 162 1-2 acres, within 5 miles of Lexington; about 80 acres of which are cleared and under good fence—There are two good dwelling houses on said farm, the one a hewed log house, the other a brick; a large double barn 60 by 25 feet, with other necessary buildings. Also a young bearing apple and peach orchard. No place is better watered than the above, having a cave, which is valuable, especially in the neighbourhood of Lexington. My price is £750—1000 dollars paid by the first of September next, the balance in two equal annual payments.
W. STEVENSON. February 10, 1806. wtf
STIRLING, Never beaten but once, and then by accident.
WAS imported from London by the late John Hoomes esq. of the Bowling Green, and extraordinary to relate, he won a King's plate at four years old, and another at five. He was considered while running, by Mr. Weatherby, the author of the racing calendar, and clerk of the course at New-Market, (as will appear by a letter from that gentleman) to be, if not the first, undoubtedly the second horse in England. The celebrated horse Hambletonian (supposed by some to be his superior, and the first horse then on the British turf,) paid him a forfeit of 500 guineas, on a match over the Beacon course, [4 miles 1 furlong and 138 yards] for 1000 guineas; Stirling was among the best racers that ever appears in England; having won eleven races out of twelve, and when beaten, undoubtedly the best horse that started, as he ran considerably off the course, and even then came in third.
STIRLING is a most beautiful bay horse, and descended from the best stock in England, as will appear from his pedigree below: he is upwards of fifteen hands and a half high, in very high form, extremely gay, with great strength and activity, and is a most capital stallion. Perhaps it may not be amiss to observe, that Stirling's racing was generally four miles, and with the best horses then on the turf: and in order to prove him a horse of great speed, I beg leave to refer the gentlemen of the turf, to the sixth volume of the Sporting Magazine, page 302 and 303, where speaking of the velocity of the Barb horses, and comparing them with the English horses, the following extract follows in page 303: "It is accordingly said, that the famous running horse Stirling, sometimes ran the first mile (of the New-Market course) in one minute, which is at the rate of 82 feet and a half in a second, an inconceivable swiftness, even supposing it a little exaggerated, as it is probable it was; but for further satisfaction, we find it confirmed by Dr. Maty. If such a velocity had continued some seconds, it might have been fairly pronounced, that the horse went swifter than the wind, it being very seldom that the most violent wind makes such way: the greatest known velocity of a ship at sea, is six marine leagues in an hour, and supposing the ship to take the third of the velocity of the wind which impelled it, the speed of that wind would not amount to 80 feet in a second." The subscriber does not pretend to say but the above account may be exaggerated, yet from a fair construction of the extract taken from the Sporting Magazine, he concludes that Stirling was selected as the fleetest horse in England, to compare his speed with that of the Barb horses.
In 1794, Stirling then three years old, won a match of 100 guineas each, at Ascot, beating Mr. Crosbey's Victor (this was the first time he started.) He afterwards won at Egham, the Magna Charta stakes of 20 guineas each, fifteen subscribers, beating with ease Mr. Durands Play-or-Pay, and three others. In 1795, when the property of E. H. Delme esq. He won a sol. plate at New-Market, Duke's course, four miles, beating lord Stratmore's Horatio, lord Grosvenor's Lilliput, and Mr. Girdler's Bishop Blaze. He won the Jockey Club plate for four years old, (round course) four miles, beating the duke of Grafton's Minion, lord Clermont's Repeater, and lord Grosvenor's Capricorn. He received forfeit of 75 guineas from Mr. Rutten's filly at Epsom, and won the king's plate at Ipswich. In 1796, he won at New-Market the second class of the Oatland stakes, beating Mr. Wilson's Caustic, lord Grosvenor's bay colt by Pot8os, out of String, Mr. Bott's Trotteridge, the duke of Bedford's Bras, lord Egremont's Fraction, and lord Darlington's Albourne. He afterwards ran with the winners of the other two classes, for the main of the Oatlands, which he also won, beating lord Tichfield's Viret, and lord Grosvenor's Lilliput. The same year he won the king's plate at Burford, beating Mr. Bott's Trotteridge. In 1797, Stirling beat lord Sackville's Kitear, a match at New-Market, for 300 guineas each: received forfeit from Sir Henry Vane Tempest's Hambletonian, in a match over the Beacon course for 1000 guineas, half forfeit; won a sweepstakes, of 100 guineas each, (seven subscribers) beating lord Darlington's St. George, and others, Duke's course, (four miles.) He was lame before his next engagement, and has not started since.
The above horse will stand the ensuing season (which will commence the 25th inst. and end on the first day of August following) in Lexington, and cover mares at thirty dollars the season (which may be discharged with twenty dollars paid within the season) with one dollar to the groom for each mare when put. To insure a mare with foal, fifty dollars, to be returned if such should not be the case if the mare remains the property of the person who owned her when put to
the horse. Attested notes for thirty dollars the season, or fifty for an insurance, to be sent with the mares, payable on or before the 15th day of October next.
Good and convenient pasturage is provided for mares coming from a distance gratis. They will be grain fed if required, at a moderate price. Great care and attention will be given to prevent accidents and escapes, but no liability.
WM. T. BANTON. Lexington, March 7th, 1806.
I hereby certify, that Stirling was bred by me, and was got by Volunteer (one of the best sons of Eclipse) his dam Harriet, by Highflyer, his grand dam by Young Cade, his great grand dam Childekerin by Second, out of the dam of Old Snap; she was got by Fox, her dam Gipsy, by Bay Bolton, grand dam by the duke of New-Castle's Turk, Byerly Turk, Tassolet, Barb, Place's white Turk, out of a natural Barb mare.
THOMAS STIRLING.
REMOVAL.
LAWSON M'CULLOUGH. TAILOR,
HAS removed his Shop from High-street, to a new framed house on Main and Mill-street, adjoining Mr. Lewis Sanders, and nearly opposite Mr. Thos. Hart's Store. Those Gentlemen who may please to favor him with their custom, may depend on having their work done with dispatch and punctuality, and in the neatest and newest fashion—He has for the accommodation of his friends and customers, (and a little for himself) laid in a general assortment of the most suitable trimmings for cloaths, and a few pieces of genuine Constitution cord and Indian Nankeens, all of which will be sold on the most reasonable terms. Be so kind Gentlemen as to call in and judge for yourselves.
I am the public's humble servt. 12m Lawson M'Cullough
ABRAHAM S. DRAKE, TAILOR,
TAKES this method to inform the citizens of Lexington, and the public in general, that he has commenced business in the shop lately occupied by Mr. Holmes, taylor, on Main street, nearly opposite Benjamin Stout, faddler, where he intends carrying on the above business in all its various branches, and hopes from his knowledge of the business, with the strictest attention, and desire to please, to meet a share of public patronage.
Ladies and Gentlemen who will please to favor him with their custom, may depend on having their work done on the shortest notice, and in the most fashionable manner, and with neatness and dispatch.
One or two boys are wanted to the above business.
Such country produce and store goods as may suit, will be taken. 3t
STATE OF KENTUCKY.
Mason Circuit court, December term, 1805. Lewis Craig, complainant, Against Robert Bagby & David Ross, defendants.
IN CHANCERY.
THE defendant David Ross, having failed to enter his appearance herein agreeably to law, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth; on the motion of the complainant, by Alexander K. Marshall, his counsel, it is ordered, that the said David Ross do appear here on the third day of our next May term, and answer the complainant's bill, or that the same will be taken as confessed, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some authorised paper of Kentucky, for eight weeks successively.
A copy. Teste, Lawson* Walker Reid D. clk.
IN THE PRESS,
And will shortly be published, for sale at this office,
THE KENTUCKY
ENGLISH GRAMMAR,
OR NEW
GRAMMATICAL INSTITUTE,
By Samuel Wilson, Teacher of Languages and Belles-Lettres.
This will be the third edition of this valuable little work, with considerable improvements