The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-07-25 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, JULY 25, 1791.
[NUMBER 37 OF VOL. I.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
TO BE SOLD,
At PUBLIC AUCTION, for ready money, at the Court-House in the Town of MARTINSBURGH, On the first day of August Court next,
TWO LOTS
In the said town, late the property of THOMAS MARTIN; on one of which is a large stone Dwelling House, two story high:—on the other adjoining, is a large stone Still-House and Brewery, in which is an excellent and never-failing Spring.—These Lots are sold by virtue of a Decree of the County Court of BERKELEY, in Chancery, at the suit of JACOB SNAVELY. The possession will be given immediately, and the title made by
DAVID HUNTER, EPHRAIM GAITHER, ROBERT M c KIGHT. } Commissioners.
July 4, 1791.
TO BE SOLD,
At PUBLIC AUCTION, On the Second Monday in August next,
At the Town of BATH,
THE LOT in the said town, known and distinguished therein by No. 66, on which is a large, two story, frame HOUSE, handsomely situated, with a good Kitchen, and a large stable, the whole of which has been erected within a few years, by Col. PETER BRYAN BRUN, and in which he resided before he left this country. About Two Hundred Dollars of the purchase money must be paid within three months from the day of sale, and the residue within twelve months, on the payment of which, an indisputable title will be made the purchaser, as it is sold by virtue of a decree of the County Court of BERKELEY, in Chancery. Possession will be given immediately, by
DAVID HUNTER, WM. SLAUGHTER, sen. LAWRENCE M c KEARNER. } Commissioners.
At the same time and place,
Will be sold also, at PUBLIC AUCTION, the following Lots in the said Town of BATH, to wit.
HALF of Lot No. 107, on which is a large commodious Dwelling-House, Kitchen and Stables, in which ROBERT THROCKMORTON lately and for several years kept entertainment, and is well calculated for that purpose.
Also, the whole of Lot No. 116, on which is a small, well-finished House, with a good stone chimney.
Also, Lot No. 119, on which is a small House, with a stone chimney, a good garden paled in.
These Lots were late the property of ROBERT THROCKMORTON, and occupied by him, and sold by virtue of a deed of trust, made by him to the subscriber. One third of the purchase money to be paid in hand, the remainder at two equal annual payments.—On the payment of which a good and sufficient title will be made the purchaser, and possession given at the close of this season. The whole of these Lots are now in the occupation of GABRIEL THROCKMORTON, who keeps a house of entertainment therein.
PHILIP PENDLETON.
July 1, 1791.
GEORGE-TOWN, June 30, 1791.
THE PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES having approved the sites for the Public Buildings, to be erected in pursuance of the Act of Congress for establishing the temporary and permanent Seat of the Government of the United States, the Commissioners, appointed in virtue of that Act, will meet at George-Town, on MONDAY, the 17th day of OCTOBER next, and proceed to sell, at VENDUE, a number of LOTS in the best situations in the Federal City. A deposit of 8 per cent. will be required; the residue to be secured on Bonds, with security, payable in three equal annual payments. The farther terms will be made known at the Sale,
THOMAS JOHNSON, DAVID STUART, DANIEL CARROLL, } Commissioners.
Wanted immediately, by the Printer, A Young Lad, as an Apprentice, who can come well recommended.
SUNDAY MONITOR.
MEN differ as much from themselves, in prosperity, and in adversity, as if they were different creatures. In prosperity, everything tends to flatter and deceive. In adversity, the illusions of life vanish. Its avocations, and its pleasures, no longer afford the sinner that shelter he was wont to find from conscience. Formerly he made a part of the crowd. He now feels himself a solitary individual, left alone with God, and with his own mind. His spirits are not supported, as before, by falacious views of the favour of Heaven. The candle of the Lord shines not on his head; his pride is humbled: and his affections are softened for receiving every serious impression. In this situation, a man's iniquity is sure to find him out. Whatever has been notoriously criminal in his former conduct, rises as a spectre, and places itself before him. The increased sensibility of his mind, renders him alive to feelings which lately were faint; and wounds which had been ill healed, bled afresh.
Hence, we may perceive the great usefulness and propriety of that interchange of conditions, which takes place in human life. By prosperity, God gives scope to our passions, and makes trial of our dispositions. By adversity, he revives the serious principle within. Neither the one nor the other, could be born entire and unmixed. Man, always prosperous, would be sudden and despondent.—Hopes and fears, joy and sorrow, are, therefore, so blended in his life, as both to give room for worldly pursuits and to recall from time to time, the admonitions of conscience. Of the proportion in which they should be mixed for this purpose, we are very incompetent judges. From our ignorance of the degree of discipline, which the spiritual state of others require, we often censure providence unjustly, for its severity towards them: and, from the vanity and rashness of our wishes, we complain, without reason, of its rigour to ourselves. While we consult nothing but our ease, God attends to our spiritual improvement. When we seek what is pleasing, he sends what is useful. When, by drinking too deep of worldly prosperity, we draw in a secret poison, he mercifully infuses a medicine, at the time that he troubles and embitters the waters.
When conscience is thoroughly awakened, it determines the sinner to consider every calamity which he suffers, as a positive infliction of punishment by Heaven. As it had before alarmed him with threatenings of Divine displeasure, it tells him, when he falls under distress, that the threatened day of accounts is come. Afflictions, on some occasions, rise directly out of our sins. Thus diseases are bro't on by intemperance; poverty springs from idleness; and disgrace from presumption. In such cases, the punishment is so closely connected with the crime, that it is impossible to avoid discerning the relation which the one bears to the other. But the appointment of Providence, which we now consider, reaches farther than this. God has framed us so, that distresses, which have no perceivable connection, with our former crimes, are nevertheless interpreted by conscience, to be inflicted on their account. They force themselves upon our apprehension, under this view. They are made to carry, not only that degree of pain which properly belongs to themselves, but that additional torment also, which arises from the belief of their being the vengeance of the Almighty.
Let a man fall unexpectedly into some deep calamity. Let that calamity be brought upon him, either by means which the world calls fortuitous; or by a train of incidents, in which his own misconduct, or guilt, has apparently had no part; yet one of the first questions, which, in such a situation, he puts to himself, is,—What have I done to deserve this? His reflection is, almost instinctively, drawn back upon his former life; and if, in the course of that retrospect, any flagrant guilty deed occurs to smite his conscience, on this he cannot avoid resting with anxiety and terror, and connecting it in his imagination with what he now suffers.—He sees, or thinks that he sees, a Divine arm lifted up; and what, in other circumstances, he would have called a reversal of fortune, he now views as a judgement of Heaven.
Pious men, there is no doubt, are at all times disposed to look up to God, and to acknowledge his hand in every event of life. But what I now observe is, That where no habitual acknowledgment of God takes place; nay where a daring contempt of his authority has prevailed, conscience, nevertheless, constrains men, in the day of their distress, to recognize God, under the most awful of all characters, the avenger of past guilt.
Herein the wisdom of God appears in such a light, as justly to claim our highest admiration. The ordinary course of his Providence is carried on by human means. He has settled a train of events, which proceed in a regular succession of causes and effects, without his appearing to interpose, or act
But these, on proper occasions, are made to affect the human mind, in the same manner as if he were beheld descending from his throne, to punish the sinner with his own hand. Were God to suspend the laws of Nature, on occasion of every great crime that was committed on earth, and to govern the world by frequent interpositions of a miraculous kind, the whole order of human affairs would be unhinged; no plans of action could be formed; and no scope would be given for the probation and trial of men. On the other hand, were the operation of second causes allowed to conceal a Divine hand totally from view, all sense of superior government would be lost; the world would seem to be void of God; the sinner would perceive nothing but chance and fortune in the distresses which he suffered. Whereas by its being so ordered, that several incidents of life shall carry the same force, and strike the mind with the same impression, as if they were supernatural interpositions, the fear of God is kept alive among men, and the order of human affairs is, at the same time, preserved unbroken. The sinner sees his distresses to be the immediate effect of human violence or oppression; and is obliged, at the same moment, to consider it a Divine judgment. His conscience gives to an ordinary misfortune, all the edge and the sting of a visitation from Heaven.
PENNSYLVANIA.
PHILADELPHIA, July 11.
At a meeting of the Germantown Society for promoting domestic manufactures, the excise law enacted by the Congress of the United States being under consideration the following principles and resolutions were adopted.
Calling to mind our situation as the free citizens of an independent commonwealth, we think it consistent with that duty which we owe to ourselves and to our posterity, to examine every act of government, that we may preserve our rights from encroachment.
As the fourth day of July is held sacred to the liberties of our country, we selected this day to take into consideration the excise law, enacted by the Congress of the United States at their last sessions, and now attempted to be carried into execution.—After mature deliberation we are of opinion, that the said law is a dangerous violation of our natural and unalienable rights, to preserve which, we were induced to unite with our fellow citizens in the establishment of government. Those men entrusted with the power of the people to carry the government into operation, should know, that their constituents have rights that cannot inspire national vigor and public virtue, if their enjoyments are circumscribed by an ignorant or precipitate government, or if the principle of honest attachment to their country is obliged to yield the cheerless and hopeless poverty.
Although individual citizens may esteem the use of distilled spirituous liquors as unnecessary; yet the legislature has no authority to direct or interfere in the actions of its citizens, except when such actions injure the right of other. Should the freemen of Pennsylvania suffer this barrier to be broken down, under any pretext, however plausible, they may expect to be oppressed by having every necessary of life made subject to a wretched and unjust system of excise.
As an American manufacture we know no reason why the government has any more right to interfere with the distiller, than with any other employment in which its citizens may be engaged. If the intention is to prevent intoxication among the poorer and most destitute of our fellow citizens, the remedy is improper, to accomplish so desirable an object—let government act with substantial justice; let a proper esteem be had for the labour of our fellow citizens, and they will naturally feel an independence of mind which will lead to a life of virtue: it is this which fits man for every generous action of humanity, freedom and friendship.
From these considerations we are induced to adopt the following resolutions:
1st. Resolved that the excise law, enacted by the Congress of the United States, during their last sessions, is a dangerous and arbitrary violation of the unalienable rights of the citizens.
2d. Resolved, That the members of this society will give the said excise law no encouragement or support, but will use their exertions to procure a repeal of the same.
Signed by order of the society,
GEORGE LOGAN, President.
Germantown, July 4th, 1791.
[Thus the Germantown Society for promoting domestic manufactures, are willing to legislate for the union. These gentlemen on the fourth of July, after mature deliberation, they tell us, condemn the excise as dangerous and arbitrary, and accuse Con-

gress of ignorance and precipitancy, and resolve to give the excise law no encouragement and support; All this in one day. These gentlemen should first have read the Constitution of the United States, before they ventured to accuse the legislature, which acted under that authority, of encroaching on their rights. There they would have seen, that Congress HAVE the power to lay, and collect excises, and therefore, that they by no means transgressed the bounds of their authority, when they did lay an excise. Do these gentlemen live under, and enjoy the benefits of the federal constitution, and yet, do they claim rights which are expressly given up by the adoption of that Constitution?—And while they enjoy the blessings of government, are they justifiable in refusing their support to the constitutional measures of their lawful representatives? ]
FOREIGN ADVICES.
PARIS, April 28.
WHILST this country becomes daily more quiet, some of our neighbours are still in a state of anarchy; 15,000 men marched from Avignon the evening before yesterday, to make a second attempt upon Carpentras; they had cannon, bombs, and ammunition with them. The besiegers, however, joined by the inhabitants of about 40 villages, appeared before a village where the people of Carpentras had opened the sluices, and in flying had set every thing on fire; thus that unfortunate country now suffers all the horrors of a civil war. The Mayor and the Vicar of Vaison have been hung up.
DUBLIN, May 9.
The answer officially given on Tuesday last to the Russian merchants in London, respecting the sailing of the vessels to the ports in the Baltic, unequivocally declares what every man acquainted with the present state of European politics must have known, i. e. that hostilities on the part of England against her imperial majesty, the Czarina, were never seriously intended; and indeed if it was otherwise, the formidable opposition to a Russian war in the British House of Commons, as well as the resolutions entered into by several of the manufacturing towns in England against the measure, particularly those of Norwich, which call in question the right of ministers to enter into a war unless for the national defence, would have induced his majesty's ministers to abandon the prosecution of so unpopular a prospect.
AVIGNON, April 28.
Civil War in the Comtat Venaissin.
The town of Carpentras has been regularly besieged for some time. During two days, the assailants have kept firing against it from several batteries.
The country house of the person who commands in the town, has been reduced to ashes by the opposite party. All the country houses in the neighbourhood are also in ashes. The wind-mills are to be a prey to that devouring element, and the aqueduct, which supplies the town with water, has been already destroyed. Several persons have been killed by the fire of the townspeople. M. de Renville, a general in the army had his horse shot under him.
The army of Vaucluse has defeated another which had been collected together by the assembly of St. Cecilia, and by the town of Carpentras, and which amounted to 7,000 men.
LONDON, May 4—5.
HYDROPHOBIA cured by VINEGAR.
Extract of a letter from Venice.
IF you were here, you would be much pleased with a discovery made at Udine, the capital of Friuli, a small province belonging to this republic. The discovery is this:—A poor man, lying under the frightful tortures of the hydrophobia, was cured by some draughts of vinegar, given him by mistake, instead of another portion. A physician of Padua, called count Leonida, got intelligence of this event at Udine, and tried the same remedy upon a patient that was brought to the Padua hospital, administering him a pound of vinegar in the morning, another at noon, and a third at sunset, and the man was speedily and perfectly cured.
“I have diffused through Italy this discovery, by means of a periodical paper that I am writing; and I hope that you will make it known in England, by means of your public papers, and I am sure this astonishing remedy will have as happy an effect there, as it had here, so I should be glad to be apprized of it, that I may relate it in my said paper. As you have more rambling dogs in London than we have here, it is probable that the experiment will soon be tried, and, please God, with good success. Your humanity assures me that you will not delay a moment to acquaint your countrymen with this, as I have done mine.”
MAY 9.
Letters from Warsaw advise, that the diet have given the strongest assurances of protection to the city of Dantzic, and that they will not consent to its being ceded to Prussia, notwithstanding this measure was to form the basis of the desirable commercial treaty between Poland, Prussia, England and Holland.
REVOLUTION IN POLAND.
On rational, practicable and liberal principles.
The least attentive observer must have remarked that, within those few years, a spirit of enquiry and reform has been diffused over all the nations of Europe; and that it has already been productive of the most solid advantages to society, and to the mass of the people, whose primitive rights bid fair to be every way restored, acknowledged, and enjoyed.
In some countries, indeed, the effects of this spirit have been exceedingly unfavorable to the people. It has made them more abject, more dependent, and more wretched, than they ever were under the most absolute monarchical despotism.
Poland alone will have the glory of acquiring a regenerated constitution, without civil broils, without convulsions, and without the adoption of cruelties which disgrace human nature.
This regeneration will be wisely effected by degrees; and not at the risk of ruining the nation, by a sudden and total change of principles, and by a complete overthrow of its old form of government.
The 14th of April will be forever memorable in the annals of the republic. On that day it was that the diet enacted a law, unanimously and by acclamation, which restores to all towns and their inhabitants their primitive rights; which associates them with the legislative authority, and which will form a basis for still more extensive regulations, calculated to produce that relative equality which is essential to a free, solid, and durable constitution.
M. Suchorzewski will be immortalized for having successfully proposed the happy medium which reconciled all the jarring opinions.
The essence of the principles which have been adopted pursuant to his motion, is “to annihilate all distinction of orders and classes; to grant liberty to all citizens indiscriminately; to bring back nobility to its true origin, viz. that it shall be the reward of merit and virtue; and, at the same time, to effect this gradually, and with deliberate precaution, with a view to ensure complete success.”
The nobles, by making this voluntary offer, have made the noblest self-conquest, and triumphed over ambition, prejudice, and pride.
MAY 16.
The National Assembly of France has passed a decree, by which assignats of five livres each, are to be issued to the amount of 100 millions. Money to an equal amount is to be at the same time coined, for the payment of them.
Great rewards have been distributed by the National Assembly, to all who have contributed to the detection of those desperate offenders, who came lately to this country for the express purpose of forging assignats, to the amount of a million sterling.
Too much praise cannot be given to the Magistrates of Bow-street, for their co-operation on this occasion, as it was entirely owing to them that the culprits were discovered.
M. de la Fayette, by cathiering and disarming a company of grenadiers belonging to the National Guard, without either the formality of a Court-Martial, or any judicial trial whatever, has in some measure diminished his recent popularity.
Paine is now at Versailles, writing a sequel to his libel.
The same indecision continues to prevail as to the success of our mediation, and the issue of the present armament. A notification from the Minister to the Russian Merchants, that they might, with security, carry on their trade, if their ships were ready to leave the ports of Russia by the middle of July, seems to have afforded some glimpse of peace.
If the allied powers thought hostilities probable, they would not, it was supposed, delay them to so late a period, and, by losing the greater part of this campaign, impose on themselves the burden of maintaining inactive fleets and armies, at so prodigious an expense, during the winter. Alarms have, on the other hand, been felt, that the Empress, irritated by the dictatorial tone of our mediation, would precipitate a decision, by seizing on the British vessels in her ports, and proceeding to an immediate declaration of war. Thus fluctuating is the state in which public opinion will probably for some time remain, for the affairs of Poland have introduced an intricacy which seems likely to protract the negotiations far beyond the period which its first aspect indicated.
UNITED STATES.
GEORGIA.
AUGUSTA, June 21.
Extract of a letter from Zachariah Cox, Esq. to Colonel Daniel Gaines, dated Confluence of Holstein and French Broad rivers, March 25, 1791.
“Mr. Strother has returned, without any satisfactory information respecting our expedition. A messenger is despatched to the Chickasaw Indians, to influence them against our intended settlement.—In the course of Governor Blount's conversation with Congress to claim the unappropriated territory of Georgia, by right of conquest; for the completion of which, the several treaties entered into by Congress, with the Southern Indians, were intended; and that his private orders from the Secretary at
War, was to prevent the settlement of the Muscle Shoals at all events.
“All boats, except the Tennesse adventurers, have a signal from his Excellency, to pass down the river by, to prevent hostile attacks from the savages. They have leave to intercept us; however, this very day we embark.—God only knows the event—I shall be able to give you better information on my return, should I be so fortunate.”
MASSACHUSETTS.
BOSTON, July 7.
There are accounts in town from Liverpool, which relate the particulars of the defeat of Gen. Meadows and the British army, by Tippoo and his party, as has been mentioned in the late papers, and add that nothing but a rapid flight of the British forces, prevented a complete capture.
In consequence of this intelligence, the British Monarch, it is said immediately dispatched a messenger to the King of Prussia to put a stop to the marching of troops to assist the Turks; and it was supposed that a cessation of warlike preparations in England against Catherine, would be the consequence—that attention might be paid to the preservation of the British territories in India.
We learn with pleasure that on Friday evening last, the committee of the sale of eastern lands closed the contract for the sale to Messrs. Jackson and Flint themselves and associates, of two millions of acres of that territory. The price agreed on is two hundred thousand dollars, specie—to be paid in eight years, with interest.
JULY 9.
FROM INDIA.
By the ship Roby, Capt. Rich, arrived here yesterday from Calcutta, we have received India papers to December 16th, which contain numberless accounts of the progress of the British forces in India against Tippoo Saib; but nothing decisive had taken place,—in several skirmishes, Tippoo gained the victory; while in others the declared for the English whole force is divided into three armies, the main one of which is commanded by General Meadows. Lord Cornwallis, at the date of our last paper, had just set out from Calcutta, to join the army, and the most flattering expectations were formed from his lordship's abilities and bravery.—The crisis appears very important to the British—The issue of the contest, time must unfold.
WORCESTER, July 7.
A skilful surveyor, Capt. Hills, of Philadelphia, has for some weeks past been employed to examine the waters between Springfield and Bolton; in order to judge of the practicability of uniting them in a canal, and forming a communication between Connecticut river and Boston.
NEW-JERSEY.
ELIZABETH-TOWN, July 13.
A letter from Judge Symmes, dated in May, says that 200 Indians attacked a post on the little Miami, called Dunlap's station, and were repulsed with considerable loss. They left in the skirts of the fort 40 of their party that were slain by the intrepid few who opposed them.
NEW-YORK.
NEW-YORK, July 9.
The English papers give an account of the first pitched battle to which the French revolution has given rise; it was fought near Carpentras, between 10,000 patriots and about 7,000 counter-revolutionists. The latter were completely routed; and Carpentras, in which was a garrison of 4,000 men invested by the patriotic troops. On the 21st of April, a capitulation was proposed to the besieged.
Extract of a letter from Virginia, July 4.
“A small vessel some weeks since from New-England, passed up James River, the captain of which being asked of what his cargo consisted, answered coffins —In fact it appears, upon enquiry, that for some years past, we have received annually several thousands of this article from the four eastern states, to the considerable injury of a respectable branch of mechanics—They are usually, for the sake of better stowage, imported in nibs , from six feet in length to those of two and an half, and suitable in quality and price to all ranks, from the governor to the scullion.”
PENNSYLVANIA.
PHILADELPHIA, July 14.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Newtown, 20 miles above Tioga Point, dated June 23.
“On the ninth day we reached Newtown, where the Indian treaty is to be held, the waters being too low to permit the boats with presents and provisions to go up to the Painted Post. We alighted at Col. Pickering's lodgings, and found him conferring with some Oneida and other Eastern Indians, who have come down with a view to mediate a peace. Their Chief, Hendrick Anpaumut, the same from whom I received a letter some time since, was speaking when he entered: “The little Tomahawk the Indians fight with,” said he, “costs them very little. They can kill game with it, and support themselves; but the Great Hatchet that the United States use in war costs a great deal; and those who carry it into our country must be provided for at a great expence. I know it is said the United States are so powerful that they could

rise and destroy the Indians at once.—It is true, they are too powerful for the Indians; but remember you may kill some wolves, and frighten the rest, but you cannot destroy them all. They will return and molest you.—It were much better for the United States to live in peace with the Indians. A great while ago, ourselves and the Shawanees were one people; but the Great Spirit caused a famine, and we separated to seek for food. We still speak the same language. I am willing to go to them and persuade them to peace. All other Indians know that we have always been friends to the English. They all acknowledge we know more about the white people than they do. If I go, I know it will be at the risk of my life. Perhaps your warriors will arrive at the same time and then nothing can be done. I therefore want to see some of your Great Men. If they will keep your young men at home, I will go. Perhaps I may be able to induce their Chiefs to come down and treat with your Great Men about a lasting peace." This offer is now under consideration. We hear that about 800 of the Six-Nation Indians will be at the Painted-Post to-day. They are expected here by the end of the week; but it is not likely that the treaty will be held before the 27th or the 30th of the month. After which we hope a week or ten days will restore us to our friends and the comforts of civilized life."
By a vessel in 45 days from Bourdeaux, we learn, that the Marquis de la Fayette has resumed the command of the national guards, and that all was quiet there, when the vessel left that port.
Sunday evening an express arrived from Pittsburgh, with despatches from Major-General Butler, which were immediately laid before the President of the United States, by the Secretary of the Department of War.
It has been inserted in several papers, that the Grand Jury of South Carolina has presented the excise as a grievance.—Quere, is there any such body as the Grand Jury of South-Carolina?
PITTSBURG, July 2.
Thursday evening last arrived here from Detroit, which place he left the 10th ult. from captivity among the savages, Mr. Thomas Ray, who was taken from Colsawago by four Indians, some time ago. Mr. Ray has related to us the following, viz. At the time he was taken, the Indians killed and scalped one William Gregg; they then proceeded to Sandusky, where a party of Indians had just returned from committing depredations on the frontiers of Ohio county, who were about half drunk, and they beat him in a cruel manner. Seven days after his arrival there, news came in that our army was on their march, against that place, upon which they burnt the houses and destroyed the corn they had planted, and removed their families off to the rapid of the Miami river; at that place he saw a great many Indians, to the amount of two or three thousand, receive arms and ammunition, and proceeded on to the Maumee towns, where it was said 7000 were assembled; that at Detroit, on the first Thursday of June, at a review of the militia, he saw 150 turn out voluntarily to join the Indians; that he saw a number of Indians to the amount of 17 or 18 canoe-load, who said they had been three moons on their journey, come to join the others; they had bows and arrows, and had otter-skins for breech-clouts and buffalo-skins instead of blankets; that about the first or second of June the Indians brought in 12 scalps, together with the guns, bayonets, &c. belonging to the party; that he saw Thomas Dick, and his wife, who were taken from near this place, in good health at the Miami River, and the boy, by the name of Brickel, with his head shaved, and painted, on his way with a party to the Maumee towns. Mr. Ray was bought from the Indians by a British officer, by whom he was released.
Mr. Ray further informs, that the Indians entirely blame Mr. Willison and Mr. Hamilton, as being the cause of the Indians being killed on Beaver creek, and say, if they should fall into their hands, they would put them to death in the most cruel manner.
MARYLAND.
BALTIMORE, July 19.
London news-papers, as late as May 20, received by the latest arrivals, further advise, That the British Government had received intelligence from India highly important and agreeable, the substance of which is, that the British forces had been joined by the whole country of the Mahrattas.—That on the 13th of December last, Colonel Hartley, with his Detachment, had attacked and defeated a body of Tippoo's Forces, consisting of 13,000, upwards of 1000 of whom were killed and wounded, and their commanding-officer, Hussein Ally, with 900 men, made prisoners.—That many useful and valuable articles fell into the hands of the captors, amongst which were 5000 pagodas of cash.—That the only person of consequence who escaped was that Prince of Cowards, Mulab Cawn.—That this commander having retreated to New-Calicut, a place that had been lately strengthened, and considerably improved by Tippoo, Colonel Hartley instantly pursued him thither; and on the night previous to the arrival of the detachment, he again fled, carrying with him, on elephants, all the treasures of the place.—The remainder of the garrison, about 15000, laid down their arms, and Colonel Hartley's troops took possession of the forts, guns, &c.—That Ravapore, a seaport, was taken, with a considerable number of vessels and boats lying in the adjoining river.—That letters from General Abercrombie, dated at Cananore, January 4, state, that "having learned that the Bibby (or Queen) of Cananore had
declared against the English, he took the field against her with 3000 British troops and 2000 auxiliaries; had attacked a fortified camp, which covered her country, forced it, and taken 5000 of Tippoo's troops, and had afterwards taken Cananore and other fortified places in the Bibby's country, with 68 pieces of cannon, 5000 stand of arms, and a large quantity of stores, &c.—That General Meadows was still before Poliacatcherry—that Lord Cornwallis had arrived at Madras—and that Commodore Cornwallis had failed, with the British squadron, for Acheen.—That accounts from Vienna, mention, that while the English and Dutch are making immense preparations in their respective ports for the humiliation of Russia, the troops of her Imperial Majesty, under the command of General Prince Gallitzin, had given another signal overthrow to the Turks, on the banks of the Danube, by defeating a body of 8000, which had been despatched from the army of the Grand Vizier, for the relief of the garrison of Brahilow—that the action was sharp and bloody, but victory, as usual, declared in favour of the Russians, who killed 3000 Turks on the spot, and wounded and took prisoners about as many more, among the latter of whom were two Pachas of three, and one of two tails—that the remainder of the Turks fled, in great disorder, to rejoin the Grand Army, which is encamped between Silistria and Schiumbia—that while General Gallitzin had thus routed the Turks by land, the Ottoman Saics (ships of war) had experienced a severe defeat on the Danube, the admiral of the Russian Flotilla having taken, sunk, and destroyed a great number of them below Brahilow, with very little loss to his own squadron—that, by the latest advices received at Vienna, the city of Constantinople had not only been set frequently on fire by incendiaries, but also, that between the 17th of March and the 5th of April, insurrections were frequent, and a revolution was hourly expected—that the foreign ambassadors had petitioned for, and received, a strong detachment of Janissaries for their protection at Pera—that the King of Prussia had ordered every thing to be prepared, at Berlin, for his setting out to the army on the 20th of April; and the Dutch Admiral Van Braam, sailed from the Texel on the 27th of April, in the Helder man of war, attended by the Seahorse frigate, steering his course for the Straits of Gibraltar—that the naval exertions in all the Russian ports to fit out every ship that could be sent to sea, were greater than were ever recollected on any preceding occasion, and letters from Riga affirm, that war was inevitable—that Mr. Drake, the British minister at Copenhagen, had requested "leave for the British fleet to use and rest in the ports of Denmark"—that to this request, count de Bernstorff has replied, in the name of the Danish Sovereign, "that his Majesty trusts that the King of Great-Britain will not ask any thing that may seem a violation of the treaty between Denmark and Russia"—that a great ferment had been excited at Warsaw, the capital of Poland, between the two parties who had taken opposite sides in politics, since England had notified to Prussia, that she would immediately send 30 ships of the line into the Baltic, and 12 into the Black-Sea—that Lord Hood's fleet, which was to rendezvous in the Downs about the middle of May, would consist of 32 ships of the line, 28 frigates, 16 cutters, and 8 fire ships—that orders had been issued from the war-office, for draughts to be made from various regiments of infantry to serve on board the Grand British Fleet bound for the Baltic—that, it is asserted, the Empress of Russia had sent her ultimatum to the courts of London and Berlin, by which it appears, that her Imperial Majesty is determined to hazard the event of a war, rather than restore Oczakow, and its dependencies, to the Turks—that, to prevent the effusion of blood, she will, however, consent to raze and destroy the fortifications of that place—that (says another account) the Empress had resolved to abide by the stipulations which she had publicly announced through the medium of the Court of Denmark—nor will she permit the terms of peace between her and the Porte to be dictated by the British court as a mediator—that it would appear, however, from the increased price of stocks, in London, that some of the buyers had intelligence of a different nature, and that there were strong reasons for believing that peace would soon be concluded, on terms favourable to the views of the allied courts.
A London News-Paper of the third of May, mentions, that "the LAST and BEST Intelligence from India gives every Reason to hope, that Lord CORNWALLIS's Journey to the Coast will be productive of the most happy Effects—that it is confidently stated, TIPPOO SAIB had made Overtures of Peace, and to pay the Expenses of the war—that Lord CORNWALLIS's Demand was seven Crore of Rupees, or Seven Millions of Pounds, Sterling, which was about the Exence which had been already incurred in the War."
Captain Woodham, in the Ship Roseway, arrived at New-London, Connecticut, from London, which he left the 25th of May, brings advice, that preparations for war were still continued, with vigour, in England.
GEORGETOWN, July 16.
From the late returns of part of the census made by an act of Congress, the aggregate population of the United States, it is presumed will not fall materially short of four millions. The state of population in old countries, remain nearly stationary from age to age. It is said that every country is capable of subsisting a certain number of inhabitants proportioned to its extent, soil, climate and natural advantages—hence it follows, that when the numbers reach this level they continue at a
stand. On this principle it is worthy the attention of a curious mind to investigate what number of inhabitants the present territory of the United States is capable of containing, and at what period it will probably be filled. For this purpose we will take the extent of Great-Britain, including Ireland, France and Holland, which contain 274,123 square miles, and the medium of 165 inhabitants to each mile.
The United States contain (exclusive of 51,000,000 acres of water) 920,313 square miles. Admitting immense territory to be susceptible of the same average population, it will follow, that it is capable of subsisting 151,851,645 inhabitants. Supposing the present number is 3,500,000, and that this number should continue doubling each successive 25 years, it will also follow, that the whole territory will be completely stocked in less than 140 years.
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, July 25.
A letter from Fort-Pitt, dated July 5. says—"We are to proceed down the river on Friday—our troops at present ready to embark, are about 400—nine companies are expected in daily—500 of the Cornplanter's Indians are now in conjunction to accommodate us in this expedition—it is a grand manœuvre, and I hope will turn in favour of the country."
Papers received from every considerable town and city in the United States, contain accounts of the celebration of the Anniversary of American Independence—by which they seem to try to outvie each other in eclatant proofs of their supreme attachment to the late glorious revolution.
The number of persons employed in the different branches in the cotton manufactory in England, are estimated at about 375,000; in the iron branches about the same number; and in the silk, and other weaving fabrics, upwards of one million.
We hear that the President of the United States has appointed William Smith, Esq. of Baltimore, Auditor in the Treasury Department.
We are informed, that on Monday the 11th inst. Isaac Osgood, Esq. signified to the President of the United States, his intention of resigning the office of Post-Master General.
On Friday, May the 6th, the Canada bill was taken up in the House of Commons. Mr. Burke attempted to open the debate by a comparison between the American French and British constitutions. He commanded the first; launched out with great vehemence in excessive abuse of the second: Here he was interrupted by the repeated cry of order . A very irregular debate ensued on the question of order , in which Fox and Burke, in opposition to each other, principally figured. The debate, however, notwithstanding its irregularity, abounded with interesting passages. The following expressions fell from Mr. Burke in the heat of the contest.
"With whatever craft or subtlety gentlemen might endeavour to gloss over their proceedings," he boldly asserted in the face of the public—"That there was a faction in this country, restless and turbulent, who wished to supplant the British government by the introduction of the French constitution! "
Three editions of this debate were published by the editor of one of the London papers.
A stray Mare.
TAKEN up by the Subscriber, on the 18th inst. living in BERKELEY COUNTY, VIRGINIA, two miles from Shepherd's-Town, on the river, an old bay Mare, shod before, thirteen or fourteen years old, fourteen hands and an half high, in good order—she has been recorded according to law.—The owner may have her again by proving property and paying charges.
JOHN BARNES.
JULY 22, 1791.
2 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from this town, on the 20th instant, a small bay Mare, about 14 hands high, 9 years old, has a blaze in her face, is blind with the left eye, has two white saddle spots on her back, branded on the near shoulder which appears like IN or W, but not plain, the trots and canters, and had but two shoes on when she went away. Whoever will take up the said Mare, and return her to the subscriber, shall receive Two Dollars reward, and necessary charges.
HENRY CARBINE.
Shepherd's-Town, July 23, 1791.
WHEREAS MARY McCABE, my daughter, and who is under age, is continually travelling from place to place, and conducting herself in an unsteady manner, therefore, as such conduct endangers her falling into some dishonorable behaviour, I hereby caution all persons against harbouring or employing her, as they would avoid the penalty of the law.
MICHAEL MCCABE.
July 23, 1791.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
GENTLE SLUMBERS.
AN ODE,
NOW peaceful night Succeeds the light, And half the world invades ; Deep silence reigns O'er all the plains Amid surrounding shades.
Now man and beast, Their labour ceas'd, Enjoy a sweet release: The list'ning ear No sound can hear, For nature's hush'd in peace ;
Till through the gloom, Which throds the room In pale and glimmering rays, Crept from the hearth, In lonely mirth, The Cricket chirps his lays.
The friendly bed Receives my head Fatigu'd with scenes of day : My limbs reclin'd Refreshment find, And doze their pains away.
Tormenting grief Obtains relief, To balmy rest resign'd ; Sweet themes of joy My thoughts employ, And raptures swell the mind.
Yet sleep still flies These pensive eyes, And sense revives again, Whilst in my breast, With cares oppress'd, Returning passions reign.
Now starting back In memory's tract, My thoughts pursue their way ; In hasty view Once more renew The business of the day ;
Thence wing their course With rapid force, Through life's remotest scenes, And taste again Each former pain Or joy that intervenes.
While thus they trace The vital space, Through time's obscuring shade, Past actions seem Like some fleet dream In fancy's glass survey'd.
So when the light, In Cynthia's light, Salutes a milder ray, Yon hills appear More faint and near, Than in the blaze of day.
My thoughts now rise To yonder skies, Where circling planets roll, There gaily move, Through realms above, And rage without controul.
Now downward steer, With like career, To view the pathless deep ; At length they come Contented home, And wait th' approach of sleep.
Hail welcome guest, Thou power of rest, My downy eye-lids close, With pleasant ease, My senses cease, And lock me in repose.
From the Connecticut Courant, of July 9. IN Philadelphia they advertise on an extensive, and at New York on a genteel and polite scale.—In the former we see an advertisement for "fifty journey-men boot-makers"—in the latter, a stable-keeper advertises a "Federal HORSE REPOSITORY!" A brother Editor, thinks an improvement on this would be to call the receptacles for swine, "HOG MUSEUMS."
STOLEN, on the 17th of May last, from Mount-Shy-Township, near Susquehanna, Pennsylvania; a large bay Mare, 15 or 16 hands high, well made, 8 or 9 years old, has no brand, a bunch of white hairs in the middle of her tail, trots and paces, and has been used to work in a waggon. Whoever takes up said Mare, and will deliver her at Vulgamot's mill, on Long-Marsh, Maryland, shall have Three Pounds reward, and necessary charges.
CHRISTIAN VULGAMOT. July 4, 1791.
STRAYED from the Subscriber, living at Mr. JOHN SHIVELEY's Mills, about the 10th of June last, one large red and white milch Cow, with a crop off her left ear, and a half crop off her right ear; the likewise had a bell on.—Whoever takes up said Cow, so that I get her again, shall have TEN SHILLINGS reward, and reasonable charges paid, by WILLIAM THOMSON. July 9, 1791.
Notice is hereby given to the Public, THAT the Managers of the Shepherd's-Town New-Church Lottery, are in hopes of being able to commence drawing on the second Tuesday in August next. Any who wish to become adventurers, and are not yet supplied with Tickets, will please to apply as speedily as possible to some of the Gentlemen who have been employed in the sale of the Tickets, or to Mr. JOSEPH McMURRAN. Shepherd's-Town, July 4, 1791.
WHEREAS the subscribers some time since, gave a bond to LAWRENCE MIRACLE, of North Carolina, for one hundred pounds, Pennsylvania Currency, which bond has already become due, and payment been partly made, but no credit given, by reason of the holder of the bond living at a great distance; This, therefore, is to notify all persons not to take an assignment of the said bond, until the payment made thereon be credited. RICHARD SERGEANT. ELIJAH SERGEANT. Berkeley-County, Virginia, June 21, 1791.
To be SOLD, for no fault, For CASH, or on a very short Credit, A very valuable Negro MAN, Of middle age, and well acquainted with Plantation work. Apply to the Printer. June 22, 1791.
Fan-Making. Thomas Morris, Informs the Public in general, that he carries on the FAN-MAKING BUSINESS, in MARTINSBURG. Any who please to favour him with their custom, may be supplied on the shortest notice, the work done in the best manner, and on the most reasonable terms, by their humble servant, THOMAS MORRIS. Martinsburg, June 21, 1791.
The subscriber takes this method of informing the Public, That he carries on a Copper-smith and Tinman's Shop, In MARTINSBURG, Where all the various branches of the above Businesses are performed, at the house where JACOB COONS formerly dwelt, below the Sign of the Rising Sun, where gentlemen may be furnished with any kind of Copper and Tin Ware, as Stills, Wash Kettles, Hatters' Kettles, Dye Kettles, Tea Kettles, Coffee Pots, Sauce Pans, and several other articles, too tedious to mention. The subscriber would thank his friends in particular, that would favour him with their custom. JOHN ROHR.
N. B. The highest price is given for old Copper, Brass, Pewter, and Lead. Blue dying will be done in the best manner, on the most reasonable terms at the same place. Orders for any of the above articles left at the Printing-Office in Shepherd's Town, will be punctually complied with. Martinsburg, June 22, 1791.
WAR DEPARTMENT, MAY 30, 1791.
INFORMATION is hereby given to all the military Invalids of the United States, that the sums to which they are entitled for six months of their annual pension from the 4th day of March, 1791, which will become due on the 4th day of September ensuing, will be paid on the said day by the Commissioners of the Loans within the States respectively, under the usual regulations, viz.
Every application for payment must be accompanied by the following vouchers.
1st. The certificate given by the state, specifying that the person possessing the same is in fact an invalid, and ascertaining the sum to which as such he is annually entitled.
2d. An affidavit, agreeably to the following form:
A. B came before me, one of the Justices of the county of in the state of and made oath that he is the same A. B. to whom the original certificate in his possession was given, of which the following is a copy (the certificate given by the state to be recited) That he served (regiment, corps or vessel) at the time he was disabled, and that he was resident in the and county of and has resided there for the last years previous to which he resided in
In case an invalid should apply for payment by an attorney, the said attorney, besides the certificate and oath before recited, must produce a special letter of attorney agreeably to the following form:
I, A. B. of county of state of do hereby constitute and appoint C. D of my lawful attorney, to receive in my behalf of my pension for six months, as an invalid of the United States, from the fourth day of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety one, and ending the fourth day of September, of the same year.
Signed and sealed in the presence of Witness.
Acknowledged before me, Applications of executors and administrators must be accompanied with legal evidence of their respective offices, and also of the time the invalids died, whose pension they may claim. By command of the President of the United States. H. KNOX, Secretary of War.
The Printers in the respective States are requested to publish the above in their newspapers, for the space of two months.
ALL Persons whom it may concern are hereby cautioned against purchasing from a certain CHARLES FRIEND, of West Augusta County, a certain tract or parcel of Land, lying in Berkeley County, consisting of 129 acres, part of which is in the possession of MARY FRIEND, which land was sold by said FRIEND to a certain PETER FLICK, of said Augusta County, as will appear by a bond of conveyance granted by said FRIEND to said FLICK, bearing date 11th May, 1776, and assigned by said FLICK to the Subscriber hereof, 23d August, 1784, and assigned by said Subscriber to Col. HENRY LEE, 28th November, 1788, as will appear more fully by said assignments in my hands. F. HAMILTON, (Agent for Col. HENRY LEE.) 29th May, 1791.
Wanted immediately, Three Journeymen TAYLORS,
To whom (provided they are good workmen) 3/1 1/4 Pennsylvania currency, per piece, will be given, and found. Apply to DENNIS DUFFIELD, near Charles-town, Berkeley County.
14 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber, about the middle of May, 1790, a black roan Mare, 4 years old, between 14 and 15 hands high, has a brand on the near shoulder, which appears like an S, but not plain, had a long switch tail, trots all, and had no shoes on when she went away. Also, strayed or stolen the latter end of July last, a small bay Mare, very old, about 12 hands high, has some grey hairs on her head, trots and paces. Whoever will give information to me, where either of the above Mares are, so that I recover them, shall have for the black roan Ten Dollars, and for the bay Mare Four Dollars reward. MICHAEL DELAROCK. Shepherd's-Town, June 21, 1791.
WANTED, A Young Woman to do the house work of a small family, and that has no objection to make use of the spinning-wheel, occasionally. Apply to the Printer.