Lynchburg star (Lynchburg [Va.]), 1806-08-14 00:00:00

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No. XLII.]
THURSDAY, AUGUST 14.....1806.
[Vol. I.]
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Foreign News.
MEMORIALS.
To the high michieffes, represent- ing the Batavian Republic.
The undersigned citizens and inhab- itants of the Batavian republic, real friends of civil liberty, and ardently attached to the independence of the Batavian nation, with deep anxiety for every thing which might endanger their safety, and considering it as their first duty to look to the prosperity and good estate of their nation, have after being a long time agitated by various rumours, now learned, that the Batavian Nation, or Moniteur Nationale, No. 103, of the 19th of Brumaire, the official paper of France, has inserted and published under the eye of the government of that country, after some preliminary remarks respecting the form of government in this country, it is desired, that such being the situation of Holland, the most gained by any changes which the most gained in her consideration. If the land- holders, the merchants, and the en- lightened men, are of opinion that they can have a representation, made by the choice of the people, without distinction of class or religion, they will create a system much more proper than the present one. If that be not their opinion, and that they think it ne- cessary to have recourse to a constitu- tional monarchy, they will do that which will be more advantageous to their country than the preservation of their existing constitution can be. It is their duty to examine their situation, to judge of the circumstances in which they are placed, and to choose between the two systems that which is best for them, and most likely to es- tablish, on a solid foundation, the pub- lic prosperity and liberty.
The undersigned have been thrown by this paragraph into the utmost
the space of almost a whole century; a form of government which, however adapted to other nations, would have a tendency to diminish all energy and activity in the prosperity of those es- tablished, whose names they bore, and who remained allies of Rome, when almost the whole world was subject to that empire; and the more so, as the system of a republic possesses, among the true Batavians, one of the best elements of their ex- istence; and no wonder, as the general interest, in the management of the dykes which form that artificial and expensive wall, for continuing the ex- istence of the ground upon which they dwell, renders a republican form of government absolutely necessary; and that that republic should be divided, as it were, again into small republics. For this reason, a republican spirit must prevail in the hearts of all our countrymen, throughout all the dif- ferent classes of our people, independent of the ancient influence of the citizens, even under the government of the Dukes; however modified, upon the appointment of local governments; and no wonder again, as commerce, under the protection of an independent republic, has enabled this small nation to act a part upon the stage of the world, which has rendered us, at times since we shook off the Spanish yoke, useful and desirable allies to our neighbours, and even sometimes dan- gerous enemies.
On the eve, perhaps, of being ob- liged to choose between a monarchical and republican form of government, the undersigned feel the inexhausti- ble fire of true patriotism too much to remain silent, with an hesitation, cul- pable in their eyes this valuable mo- ment, which, perhaps, may never re- turn. They will not leave your high mightinesses ignorant of the patriotic and republican sentiments which ani- mate their souls. They cannot avoid declaring publicly and solemnly to you, as representatives of the Batavian re- public, their hopes, that the fate of their nation may be directed to such a man- ner as to save them from a form of government which most probably would put a speedy and fatal period to the inhabitable state and even existence of the republic, after it has sustained so many calamities. We hope and bring the declaration of this our earnest wish, with becoming boldness, into the midst of your assembly; for where else can we prefer it? though it may not be drawn up in the usual form, in every particular, for extraordinary circumstances require, nay justify ex- traordinary measures.
We entertain hopes, that under the influence of the divine providence, which has often, as it were, by a miraculous interference, prevented our country and nation from being thrown into the abyss of ruin, your deliberations may take such a turn, that with the pres- ervation of the independence of the re- public, and the valuable maintenance of civil liberty, rather than to see us subjected to a monarchical form of gov- ernment, a dreadful alternative for this country, such new modifications concerning the republican form of gov- ernment of this nation will be made, as will put the representation, without distinction of class or religious senti- ments, upon such a footing, that we will actually show to the eye of cur- ally, and the whole world, that the preservation of the republican counter- balances all other considerations with a nation like ours, that loves so much its liberty.
The undersigned declare herewith, as far as they are interested in this case, that the rejection of all political parties, they will choose none; such represen- tatives, or continue in their present situation, those to whom they could safely intrust the valuable possession of their independence and liberty, and consider as men of honor and courage; and that being averse as well from fe- ditious intentions as chimerical and imaginary opinions, which cannot be applied to the real state of men as they actually are, the undersigned will do every thing which may have a tend- ency to cause good order, harmony, and unanimity, to prevail, under a con- stitution, by representation.
And whatever may be the fate of our dear country, to which we are at- tached by so many ties, after this our declaration, which we do here with our openly make, in the case of an unfortu- nate decision, we shall be able to look upon the ruin of our country, and our-
selves, with more resignation than if we had remained silent in one of the most important and perilous moment, which our country ever before expe- rienced. We shall then have the satisfaction of having done our duty for the continuance of the republic, and will have shown by this our declaration, that if the prosperity and liberty of the nation (according to the opi- nion of the emperor Napoleon) can only be secured by two modes of government, either limited consti- tutional monarchy, or a republic con- stituted according to the theory of li- berty, and which should be the true organ of the public will, we, how- ever, might be considered as belonging to those republicans, who, without fa- vor to nation or country would be likely to make a proper choice of such enlightened, able, and honest men, as, by their administration to preserve our liberty and independence, reject- ing all distinctions of class and relig- ion, inconsistent with the republican government, would bring back this country to a degree of happiness and prosperity, which would render it more useful to our allies, than, supposing the ground itself were to be swallowed up by the surrounding waters in a few years, it possibly could, if it must sub- mit to a form of government, from even the name of which our forefathers have ever been averse. Never shall we regret having spoken out at a mo- ment to which we are able to raise our voice as freemen, to consider the situa- tion of our country, and view the cir- cumstances to which it is placed for the purpose of making the best choice, in our opinion, of that system of gov- ernment which alone is calculated to place our poverty and liberty upon an immovable basis.
From Dutch Papers.
BATAVIAN REPUBLIC.
Hague, 24th June. His Excellency Mr. R. J. Schimmelpennick, till this day resigned his post of Chief Pension- ary, in the Special and Extraordinary Assembly, by the following letter.
My Lords and High Mightinesses. Inasmuch as I have found my too just reason, owing to the debilitated state of my health for some time past, and particularly the apparent deprava- tion of my eye-sight, to withdraw from the arduousness of business, fill the consideration of my duty, and the en- couraging hope of being of real bene- fit to my country, has till now with- held me therefrom; to which the situa- tion wherein this country found itself during the late renewal of war, which brought the enemy on our frontiers, rendered this step at that period often less proper. At present, my Lords, these weighty reasons not existing any longer, and the conviction that by further services in my present state, and the situation of public affairs, I could not be more of any real benefit to my country, I have resolved to leave a post for which I conceive my- self no longer fitted to be of use to my fellow citizens.
I therefore have recourse to the pri- vilege granted in art. 41 of the consti- tution, and resigned by this my ap- pointment, as Grand Pensionary to this assembly of your High Mightinesses.
I leave this post with inward con- victions to have attempted, as much as depended from me, what tended to the welfare of my fellow citizens. I leave it impressed with the most grate- ful acknowledgement for the many proofs of confidence which the assembly and my fellow citizens have rep- osed in me. I acknowledge for it to all the members of the assembly, and through your high mightinesses, to the whole nation, my sincerest gratitude, with assurance that the pleasing recol- lection will attend me in this my re- treat.
And with this parting from the close connection in which my appoint- ment had placed me to the assembly of your mightinesses, I pray the Almighty to take under his special care and protection my country, which I will ever be above all dear to me, promote the welfare of its inhabitants, and that your high mightinesses, both in your persons and families, may experience her blessings.
(Signed) R. J. SCHIMMELPENNICK. Counter-signed by C. H. HAU- MANN, secretary of state.
Read the following, we beseech you.
[FROM THE WITNESS.]
Litchfield, (Conn.) July 9. I have hitherto been silent on my re- marks on my present imprisonment, well knowing that a man's too frequent speak- ing of his own sufferings is tedious to the reader. But those late circumstances which occurred ought to be known by my friends, and the public at large—the narrative of which shall be as brief as possible.
It was evidently calculated by the in- imical spirit of federal vengeance, that the Witness would of itself be sufficient either to induce his imprisonment to terms (which terms were no more or less than bonds for a federal court should plead to say was a "good behaviour") or to vitiates and destroy his spirit as to destroy the usual tone of his writings. It has been lately equally evident that disappointment in this double object has induced the man- agers of federalism in this vicinity, to try how far increasing rigor would effect it. Still failing of success, a bold push was determined on; & a bold push it was, as the sequel will prove.
It is with regret that I find myself ob- liged to touch the wounds, already too diffusing, of an afflicted family, by de- tailing the first instance of malice in the high sheriff and his masters, the federal junta.
On the afternoon of Friday, the 27th ult. an unfortunate young man who had been insane for several years, and who, the day before, had shed the blood of an in- nocent female, was brought to prison by Mr. Sheriff Landon—the young maniac was thrust into the room by the sheriff with sullen and contemptuous silence—and the maniac, whom for the safety of society, it was deemed necessary to con- fine in prison, was left in a close room with me, without a single word of expla- nation or caution from the humane and disgusted sheriff!
On hearing of this shameful outrage a number of gentlemen, mostly republicans struck with horror at such proceedings, called upon the humane high sheriff, and after a spirited remonstrance, persuaded Mr. Sheriff Landon to remove the new prisoner to another room, previous to do- ing which, let it be remembered, Mr. Landon consulted the prisoners who were in that room, enquired of them if they feared to admit the man, whom he de- scribed as insane, and advised them to guard themselves against any violence which he might possibly commit—a piece of politeness by the way, of which he had before thought the obnoxious Editor of the Witness unworthy.
The next day Mr. Sheriff declared his intention to put all the criminals, as he styled them, together; stating as his rea- son, that he was fearful that if he put debtors with me, who was a criminal, even with their own choice and consent, he should be troubled; of course debtors must go by themselves! This is as in- consistent in relation to facts, as it is weak and fallacious on the face of it, for it was very common for him to put debt- ors with the criminals, previous to my imprisonment, when no one was in the room I now occupy! There were many reasons why debtors would choose to room with me, as they invariably did; and was it not idle in Mr. Landon to say he feared debtors would trouble him for in- dulging their choice in such cases?
On Monday the threatened arrange- ment took place, and I was put in the room with two criminis, one of whom has been, and another is to be tried for life. This arrangement afforded a toler- able excuse for another, viz: the orders of the humane and impartial high sheriff to keep the three doors of my cell shut, so that my friends could see me only thro' a crevice in the wall!
The republicans of the vicinity imme- diately convened, and appointed a com- mittee, who personally delivered, with my consent, the following communication to the high sheriff, in writing, that no misunderstanding should arise—
(No. I.)
Litchfield, July 3, 1806.
SIR—With the particular approbation of Mr. Osborn, and in pursuance of the request of a respectable number of the in- habitants of Litchfield, who have wit- nessed with indignation and forew the late extraordinary, and in their opinions, illegal measures, which you, as sheriff of the county, have adopted against him— and because we are unwilling that the life of a worthy and much esteemed fellow citizen should fall a sacrifice to the rigor of his imprisonment which has already se- verely affected his health—we claim of your duty as sheriff, your serious attenti- on to the following proposition; and if the requisition it contains be legal, your compliance.
We claim that Mr. Osborn, by the laws of this state, founded on the im- memorial usage of liberties in a similar case, is entitled to the liberties of his prison- on finding sufficient bail that he will abide the limits.
He now informs you, through this me- dium, that he is ready with bail for any reasonable amount, and to the responsi- bility, of which no objections can be made. We, therefore, for him, request that you admit him to the liberties of the jail.
Mr. Osborn, we conceive, is not a cri- minal prisoner, even in a legal sense, and in the opinion of many, his imprisonment is unlawful to him. He is in jail merely a debtor. The judgement of the court was not that for the alleged libel he should be punished with imprisonment—but that for non-compliance with their order, he should have committed (i. e.) that on failure to pay the debt adjudged against him by said judgement, that as in all other cases of debt, he should be committed to prison. Is it then your duty to treat him with harshness and ignominy? closely to con- fine him where he can breathe only the poi- sonous vapors of a loathsome dungeon? Is it your duty to thrust in his narrow room without any quarrel, the unfortunate and dreadful maniac, his hands drenched and still wet with the blood of one victim, or to harrow up his feelings, or to excite his horror, by crowding into his dark and miserable habitation, and associating with him felons charged with murder; and with crimes, if possible, still more disgraceful. This, we conceive, it was not your duty to do. We remonstrate a- gainst it—We request that he be admit- ted to the liberties of the prison yard.
John R. Landon, Sheriff.
The sheriff having, peremptorily re- fused compliance with this, the following was next presented.
(No. II.)
Litchfield, July 1, 1806.
SIR—As you have thought proper to deny to Mr. Osborn the liberties of the prison, of which you are appointed keeper, we are therefore desired and authori- zed to state, that it is his peculiar wish to be permitted on sabbath-days to attend public worship. His health, which from close confinement, want of exercise, and the impure air of his prison, has greatly suffered, requires this privilege. His e- ducation, his habits, from childhood—his feelings and sentiments on this subject, makes it of the first importance that he should be allowed publicly to join in the worship of his God.
He is ready with surety to engage that this privilege shall not be abused. We are confident that no law forbids this indulgence, from the causes above mentioned. Mr. Osborn has been danger- ously sick—is now ill. No law requires the life of Seileck Osborn, and to gratify a party, we trust the sheriff of a county will not go beyond law.
John R. Landon, Sheriff.
This having met with the same fate, the third as follows, was presented—
(No. III.)
Litchfield, July 1, 1806.
SIR—We shall need no apology, in the mind of any person not lost to every sen- timent honorable to men, that we perse- vere in our attempt at least to lessen the hardships of the confinement, to which Mr. Osborn is now subjected. Till with- in these few days; his imprisonment though under the circumstances rigid, was compared with his present situation, com- fortable. His friends are not now admit- ted to his room. He is no longer confin- ed with debtors—but with criminals—one who was imprisoned on a charge of mur- der—the other still resting under the im- putation of a crime, by our laws equally penal—more detestable.
A man in the important office of sher- riff, ought not to be actuated by caprice —by passion—or the mandates of any person behind the scenes.
To what cause to attribute this change we know not. Mr. Osborn in prison has been uniformly civil and condescending. There being now except himself, but one debtor in jail, it seems at this time peculiarly unnecessary that this change should have been made.
We request you, Sir, no longer thus to attempt to degrade your prisoner—re- store him to his former situation, with the debtors in jail. Allow him still to see his friends. Rather than oppress and make him uncomfortable while under your care, render his situation as little unplea- sant as the duties of your office will per- mit.
John R. Landon, Sheriff.
The sheriff then laid, as these were made in a formal way, he would consider them further, and decide ultimately after consulting his friends and some lawyers at Town Hill—Notwithstanding he had told me the day before, that he was influenced by no party in the discharge of his office! Were those friends and lawyers he consulted, men of both parties were they one and all, federalists, hatred towards me was little less ter- renal!
A decision to be dictated by Town- Hill federalists left no hope for doubt or hope—and the editor remains immured in a damp and loathsome room, with only one crevice to admit air, in company with felons!
Whatever pretences Mr. Landon may make I am convinced there is a double danger in this conduct; to interrupt my e- ditorial labours, and to waste my health

and spirits by extreme rigor. But if God gives me tolerable health, they shall be disappointed; if not, the last dash of my pen shall be employed in recording the villainy and hypocrisy of a junta, who have too long perverted the feelings and imposed on the credulity of a virtuous people.
The man who obtains and holds his office by sycophancy, will exercise it with tyranny.
LYNCHBURG.
THURSDAY AUGUST 14, 1806.
Alexander once wrote to the Athenians for a supply of ships. The Senate asked Phocion his opinion. "I am of opinion (said he) that you should either have the sharpest sword, or keep upon good terms with those that have."
There is something peculiarly noble in the following reply. Our countrymen of the present day differ, many of them, from the ancients. But they are all "honourable men!"
Phocion observing one day that Xenocrates paid a tax as a stranger, he offered to make him a present of his freedom, but he refused it, and assigned this reason: "I will never be a member of that government, to prevent the establishment of which, I acted in a public character."
The Augusta Chronicle states that on the 15th of last month, a negro man belonging to a Mr. M'Corcle, was executed in Lincoln County, for the murder of his mistress. He was sentenced to be burnt at the stake. He confessed the murder, & died penitent, praying with earnestness for mercy, until the flames destroyed his power of utterance. To behold this awful spectacle the crowd of spectators was immense.
A short-hand report of the late state trial of Ogden and Smith in New York, will be published with possible dispatch.
A ruby nosed devotee of Bacchus, when reproved for the heinous sin of drunkenness, justified himself by quoting from Goldsmith: "That virtue consists not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall."
A woman in Aberdeen was last week accused of stealing two shirts. She was arraigned in men's clothes, when the stole the pocket, and had not been detected being a man in a public way, it would have been impossible to identify her person. She was sentenced to transportation for seven years.
The U. S. Troops from Baltimore arrived here at New Orleans.
Advertisements in the City and Liberties of Philadelphia, from the 29th to the 6th of July, were—
Adults Children Total 55 35 90
The Newspaper accounts relative to the adjustment of our differences with Britain and Spain are indefinite and contradictory.
Whether successful or otherwise Miranda's expedition to South America, must be ultimately attended with good effects, the very rumor of this project throughout that vast region, will lead the inhabitants to reflect on the nature of the enterprise, its objects, and tendency, and when found to be their happiness and universal emancipation, even in the agonies of death they will cling to this best blessing.
Little minds are too much disordered by little things; great minds see all things and are disordered by none.
We scarcely allow any people to have good sense but those of our own opinion.
The man who lives without folly, is not so wise as he fancies.
The name of virtue is as serviceable to our interest as any vice can be.
SKETCHES OF THE HISTORY OF FRANCE, FROM THE EARLIEST HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS, TO THE PRESENT TIME 1806, WITH SOME REMARKS CONCERNING THE LIFE AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, NOW EMPEROR OF FRANCE."
Part II.
The Fifth and last Chapter embraces events from the time that Bonaparte was elected to the Imperial Dignity, until the Treaty of Tilsit in the present year.
Notwithstanding the restoration of the Bourbon Family was entirely abandoned by the British Nation, yet her Ministry, relying on the strength and number of her Marine, and the reputation and good fortune of her Admirals, refused to hearken to Bonaparte's peace propositions. This circumstance our Author thus notices—
"In consideration of these things, it necessary to assume some other ground was none which was afforded by reason; and therefore they appealed to resort to fabrications absurd, and to calumnies the most groundless, whicheyeraced the deeds of a nation, or the ages of history. They did not stop at the indecorous and offensive epithets of ingrate, regicide, usurper, tyrant, assassin, &c. but the whole course of the active and distinguished life of Bonaparte was retraced to his cradle. Even the prattling of the infant, the frivolities of the boy, and the ardency of youth, have been de-
tailed in all the terms of hyperbolical invective. Not content with this, the pile of wrath was poured out upon the whole of Bonaparte's family, and every individual with whom it is connected. Even the virtuous Joseph, who in all the grades and stations of private life, to his present elevation, has not afforded a single cause of complaint; even the virtuous Joseph has not escaped the general denunciation.
Nor is this all. The emperor has been accused of many of the most atrocious and sanguinary deeds, which ever disgraced the human character. Some accusations in relation to his conduct in Egypt, are chiefly relied upon by his calumniators. They have been so often told, and in such terms of earnestness, that there is scarcely a man who has not heard them, and none, except those who have taken the pains to examine them to their source, who have not imbibed some impressions of discontent. The first of these relates to the destruction of a number of Turkish prisoners of war, who were taken at the storm of Jaffa, in the war with Djezzar Pacha, while Bonaparte was on his March to Acre.
In England, many causes exist, which may render it necessary for the rulers to deceive the nation, with respect to France its government, and its chief. Far different is the case in America. We ought neither to envy, hate, nor fear, the pre-eminence of France. We ought to desire only to enjoy in peace and tranquility what belongs to us. We neither have, nor wish to have, foreign possessions, alliances, except to promote the honest and peaceful enterprises of our citizens. Our government ought to have no wish to inculcate or countenance any other prejudices, attachments, or dislikes, than such as spontaneously arise from the candid examination of truths."
Bonaparte's Treatment of the Turks in Palestine, is justified in the most able and ingenious manner, on the plea of necessity, the usage of war, and by authorities, ancient and modern. The conduct of Henry V. of England, after the battle of Agincourt, and the treatment of the inhabitants of Rouen, by the same prince, are brought in justification of Bonaparte's conduct at Jaffa. Admiral Lord Nelson's recent treatment of the Danes before Copenhagen, is a case in point, and considered by our author absolutely justiciary of the measures pursued against the prisoners at Acre, and elsewhere.
The necessity and the justice of the measure as founded on usage, are thus noticed—
"The prisoners of Bonaparte belonged to an implacable sanguinary race, who in obedience to their religion gave no quarter. They had broken the parole, and deserved no confidence; and they had long been the scourges of three quarters of the globe. Many of the prisoners of Henry were knights and gentlemen of distinction, corresponding in religion and rank of character with his own army. They were merciful to prisoners, and not only deserved the benefits of a parole, but in those days, paroles were common, even to privates."
"Although this argument supported by such examples, is certainly favourable to Bonaparte, yet it is not intended to criminate either Henry V. or Lord Nelson. Their conduct was justified by the usages and laws of war. If it was not so, would not a spirit of indignation and condemnation go forth against these distinguished heroes? Henry's conduct has been for centuries, not only justified by all Europe, but he stands foremost and unrivaled among the kings of England. Lord Nelson's renown is equally great."
"If then, it seems that Henry V. stands acquitted in the face of Europe, for the butchery of the prisoners taken at the battle of Agincourt, how can it be pretended that Bonaparte, for the destruction of the Turks, deserves the execration of mankind? But if Bonaparte does deserve it, how will his judges dispose of the massacre at Agincourt, the cruelty at Rouen, and the sanguinary threat at Copenhagen?"
From this very interesting performance one more extract shall be given, and on dismissing it a few remarks may be not inapplicable.
Brilliant military achievements are of all others the best calculated to fascinate the human mind. In the review or examination of such, the best judgements are not unfrequently misled, and biased by the uninterupted flow of partial fortune, to a favourite individual.
Not Homer, nor Virgil, with more zeal or industry, supports and embellishes the character and the virtues of his respective hero, than does our author, Napoleon Bonaparte. This justiciary defence, although we cannot subscribe to all of the positions, and assertions, contained in it, will be found an able and interesting performance, and highly valuable, as well on account of the circumstantial detail of historical facts, as on account of the concise and elegantly energetic language in which it is given.
The expulsion of the constituted authorities of the French Nation, by Bonaparte, is so daring an outrage on civil and political rights and privileges, as can never be either justified or defended, even although the most salutary, and best possible consequences had resulted thence. It would, at this day, be a solecism in politics, a mere absurdity in legislation, to admit that the will of any individual should, or can, be justifiably opposed to that of a whole people. Were the justice of such a procedure once admitted, it would sanction for ever, any attempt, no matter how outrageous, flagrant, or flagitious, of any daring demagogue, who might conceive that the national happiness demanded individual interference, and by force seize on the empire—substitute his own for the lawful, national will,
and thus play the tyrant at discretion. Bonaparte's present tenure of the Imperial Diadem, we view in quite a different light. If the legality and justice of his tenure be measured with that of the crowned monarchs of the world, his will not suffer by the comparison. He has at least the semblance of law, to justify his acceptance and possession, while they were influenced and actuated by power alone, and grasped the foreign authority, regardless of consequences, of public opinion, or of the myriads of the human species that were butchered in the attainment.
To every man possessed of an ingenuous mind, the establishment of truth, in the face of falsehood and misrepresentation, must be both grateful and consolatory yet in coolly considering the work before us, the ability of execution, and its probable effects, on the public mind, the question cur bono? may be fairly put.
The execution we admire, yet cannot withhold the expression of our regret, that time & talents have been expended on a subject, of such comparatively minor interest to the community at large. A pen, of such force & mind of such scope, as our author possesses, should be practised only on subjects of correspondent magnitude & interest. Dire we hazard suggestion, it would be that, there are two subjects that eminently merit the notice of some able prolific pen. They are of the highest concernment and importance to Virginia—we mean— National Education, and the Reformation of the State Constitution.
Our author thus concludes—
"To sum up the whole—No man in any age or clime ever performed so many great actions in so short a time, as those which have been achieved in the career of Bonaparte. No man was ever more terrible in battle, or more clement in victory. He has been the Saviour of France the promoter and patron of arts and industry. Thrice has he given peace to the continent of Europe. Thrice has he had it in his power to destroy the Austrian empire; as often has he restored it to strength and guaranteed its future existence. In all these things, he has proved, that he cherishes the exalted and laudable ambition of becoming, not only the pacificator of Europe, but the benefactor of mankind."
"In fine, the battles of Marengo and Austerlitz, and the treaties of Lunéville, Amiens and Presburg, prove that the emperor forgot not the promise of the first consul, That he contented for the peace of Europe, and the happiness of the world."
A ROAD UNDER THE WATER.
Who does not pretend to be happy to the peaceful progress of Art? One thing it prepares the means of another; and every day, and every night, extends the bounds of her empire. But unlike Alexander the Great, she will never be forced to weep, that she has "not other worlds to conquer."
There are a thousand arts more complex and more progressive than the art of bridge-making; but even in this simple art, a gradual series of improvements meets our eyes: the humble log thrown over the stream, the bridge of raths; the bridge of boats; the arched bridge of wood supported on pillars; the arched bridge; the more magnificent bridge of stone; and the towering, compact bridge of iron. But in the following article from the London Monthly Magazine, is another plan for bridging, almost original, and still more stupendous than its predecessors.
An act of Parliament was obtained during the session of 1805, for powers to make underneath the Thames a communication, by means of tunnel or archway, for foot-passengers, and a larger one for carriages. Measures are taken for immediately commencing upon the execution of the plan, under the direction of engineers of the highest reputation, who entertain no doubt, whatever, of accomplishing it.
This Magazine has not informed us, at what particular point on the Thames, it is, that this subterraneous road is to run. The presumption, however is, that it is to be formed below London bridge. In this situation, it will be far more convenient than a bridge over the Thames, because it will neither prevent large vessels from ascending above it, nor will it lead to the same inconveniences as a draw-bridge. The arch which is constructed under the basin at Richmond, presents the very same idea, on a smaller scale.
Dr. Valli having left a pound of soup in which were left 13 or 15 grains of red precipitate, exposed to the air for four months, found it exhibited no sign of putrefaction. He repeated the experiment for a month in the height of summer, with the same effect.
M. Van Mons has found broth keep for many years, by means of a few grains of mercury in the state of oxide, and citrate. Nitrate of silver has long been considered as the most powerful of antiseptics, and those of gold and mercury are equally so. Oxygenated muriate of potash retarded the putrefaction of strong soup several days, and ultimately put a stop to it at a certain point. Very dilute nitric acid, and oxygenated muriatic acid preserved soup for several months.
Lon. Monthly Mag.
The Tobacco Merchants having made an application to Ministers to alter the mode of paying the duty of Tobacco, concealed themselves behind the leaves; but the latter smoked the former through the stalks, which is likely to cause the application to vanish into air.
Lon. paper.
Some years ago the Courts of Justice in Dublin immediately adjoined a range of dull heavy buildings, called Hell, no doubt, from the obscurity of the place.
The following advertisement appeared in one of the Dublin news-papers: "To be let, a suit of chambers in Hell, ready furnished.—N. B. They will be found very convenient for a lawyer." [ib]
JEROME BONAPARTE declared to be his intention, as he had been prevented in the East-Indies, to strike some blow, before he returned to France, that should immortalize his name. Then says he, when the Emperor shall applaud my conduct and say, "JEROME, what shall I give you to reward you for your bravery?" I shall answer, "Sire, give me my wife—the is the greatest gift you can bestow upon me, and if you give me her, you will make me happy." But says he if he will not give me my wife, but still persist in refusing to acknowledge her, I will go home (calling America his home) and never think more of leaving her.
If these be really his intentions, they do him honor; they prove him to possess a heart capable of feeling as a man; they prove him to be convinced that the affections of an amiable and virtuous wife, are of higher value than the gewgaws and tinsel of usurped nobility. The family of his wife are among the most respectable in the country in which they live, and should the mock emperor lend his brother JEROME admiral in the world, without a livre to buy him shoes, the relations of his wife can render him independent, and her virtues will make him happy.
BONAPARTE'S BROTHERS.—Of the four brothers of Bonaparte, Lucien is the richest. While he held the office of minister of the interior, he is known to have sold the protections of government to smugglers and contraband dealers, in which trade his receipts for some time were enormous. He was not less dexterous in converting his foreign missions into sources of profit. The negotiations in Spain, in which Portugal was also included, were worth to him above 350,000, and though he has not lately, from having fallen into disgrace with his brother, held any situation of emolument, his fortune notwithstanding the pomp and luxury in which he lives, amounts to nearly a million and an half sterling. It was remarked at Paris during his stay there, that none of the Princes of the Bourbon family had ever equalled him in splendor and magnificence. In his private life he is completely what is called in France Royale ; but he is not without some commendable qualities. Like the Regent, who he is said a good deal to resemble, he is fond of show, of a luxurious table, and sensual enjoyment of every sort; like him he is hospitable, generous, and fond of the five arts. He has, perhaps, the choicest gallery of pictures that can be possessed by an individual. He is reckoned the first of the family in point of talents. Joseph Bonaparte is of a very different character. Less immoral in his life; he is also less popular in his manners, among a people where liberalism often passes as a recommendation. More prudent and more obsequious to the will of his brother, he is a greater favorite with the family.—London Paper.
Fly in turnip. —Mr. Davy, the celebrated chemist, has lately suggested the following mode of preventing the ravages of the fly in turnips.—As a mixture for sleeping, a weak solution of oxy muriatic acid in water, will probably be found more efficacious than any of the substances which have hitherto been used. It was found that turnip seed steeped in it for twelve hours, sprouted two days sooner than seed that had been steeped in common water and the leaves much more vigorous. A compound which will answer the purposes of this fluid, is produced by mixing together 3lb. of salt, 1 lb. of manganet, 1 lb. of oil of vitriol (sulphuric acid) and six gallons of water; the preparation should be made in earthen ware pans. The salt and the manganet should be first stirred together; they should be moistened by a quart of water. The oil of vitriol should be gradually poured in; water being added at the same time, till the whole quantities are used. This mixture (after six hours) having been occasionally stirred, will be fit for use; it should be kept in a dark place, and it is indifferent whether the clear liquor be poured off or used with the deposit. It is to be particularly observed, that the use of this receipt may be attended with danger to those who try it, unless done with caution. The effluvia should not be drawn into the lungs.
From NORFOLK, July 28. We have been favored with the following copy of an extract of a letter from Admiral Cochrane, dated July 12th, on board of His Britannic Majesty's ship Northumberland, off Tortola, to Col. Hamilton, received by the brig St. Brides, captain Smith, arrived at the port on Saturday.
"I have just a moment to tell you, that we followed the French fleet to the West end of the Tortola passage, they going off before the wind. Their force is 2 eighty fours , and 4 seventy fours , my force 3 seventy fours and 1 sixty four . Had they
kept their course I meant to have paid them a visit after dark, but they made sail to the northward, and I saw three more ships join them. I then returned to Tortola, which island with the convoy, was to have been destroyed the day I appeared. I hope to be reinforced, and yet to see them to good purpose."
On Marriage.—Every man who marries ought to have three views, viz. To live quietly and happily in the matrimonial state; firmly to establish his house according to his disposition in life; and to give some gratification to his senses. The picture of a peaceable life ought to outweigh all the others, and the establishment of his fortune ought to be preferred before views of sensual pleasure. The temper and virtue of a wife give the first riches; the second and agreeableness of person the last. But by a misfortune or rather a strange blindness, most people reverse this order of things, and prefer pleasure and forms to the happiness of life; and from thence proceed to many unhappy families among those who have only views of pleasure or interest; for pleasure glides away and distinguishes itself, either by profusion, which always destroys, or by age, which destroys personal charms, and often riches take themselves wings, and leaves a man only an idol, strip of the gold which constitute its value. But good sense and virtue always remain, and are not subject either to disgust or change.
It is common to hear both sexes complaining at the change which their marriage produces, relate the happiness of their earlier years, blame the folly and rascality of their own choice, and warn those whom they see coming into the world, against the same precipitance and infatuation. But it is to be remembered that the days they so much wish to call back are the days not only of celibacy, but youth; the days of novelty and improvement, of ardor and of hope, of health and vigor of body, of gaiety and lightness of heart. It is not easy to surround life with any circumstances in which youth will not be delightful, and whether married or unmarried, we shall find the vesture of terrestrial existence more heavy and cumbrous the longer it is worn.
From the American Daily Advertiser.
MALT LIQUORS.
Mr. Pousson, The very great improvement which has taken place in the manufacture of beer, ale, and porter, in this city, is evident to all who have resided in the United States for a few years past, and is a source of pleasant reflection to every friend to his country. For a long time British porter and ale bore unrivalled sway, and he who dared to say that another nation did brew as good liquor, or could ever equal the English, was deemed by John Bull a fool or ignoramus. Our own countrymen too, gave into the ridiculous prejudices; and though repeated experiments upon both have often shown (to their great chagrined) that they could not distinguish the difference between the foreign manufacture and the produce of our own first quality porter, yet the prejudice still remains among many who will not be convinced, that every thing at home is not bad, and that every imported and dear bought article is good. The same ridiculous prejudices prevailed with respect to cheese, until Maibewsoo, of Rhode Island, proved that as good cheese could be made here as in England. So long ago as 1791 an experiment made in the ship Brothers, captain Josiah, proved that Hare's porter, bottled in this city, not only remained good during the voyage to Canton, but improved in quality. American Museum, vol. 16 p. 7. And American cheeses taken out in the same vessel, on comparison, were found no way inferior to the English, and bore the heat of Canton, equally with the imported.
Those among us who had not lost their taste, and were free from prejudices, have remarked that the quality of the British porter had fallen off very sensibly within a few years, (as indeed all their manufactures have) they remarked that the English porter was thick, not pleasant tasted, lay heavy on the stomach, and intoxicated, or rather confused the brain, if an extra drink was taken; they could not account for it, but regretted the loss. As for myself I have not for years touched British porter when I could procure Hare's. The mystery however is now cleared up. Mr. Malcolm in his modern husbandry, principally written during a survey of the country of Surrey, made at the desire of the British board of agriculture, published last year in London, asserts, that "Beer, Ale, and Porter, have received greater deterioration since the season 1800 & 1801, than they have experienced from the time of Henry I. to that period: the reason is, that neither hope nor taste are now used in

the manufacture. The ingredients of the former he states to be "grains of paradise, capicum, (black pepper) Coriander, Indico, Quassia & Liquorice, brown sugar, flag tobacco, tal marts or green vitriol; and he enumerates among the materials of the latter, cocculus Indicus liquorice or Spanish juice, treacle, flag tobacco, alum, green vitriol, vitriol, and quassia."
Mr. Malcolm is land surveyor to the prince of Wales, and the dukes of York and Clarence.
Mr. Malcolm's account of the present inferiority of British porter is confirmed by the author of the "Monthly Commercial Report," published in Philip's Monthly London Magazine under the direction of the celebrated Dr. Aikin. "After giving a melancholy statement of the dearth of coal, meat and other common necessaries of life, he adds, "Porter, when of proper strength and age, is excellent a beverage for the labourer, is by the impost levied on it and malt, now to pay a tax, that a working man cannot afford to swallow immediately after his work, a pint of poisonous gin, to hinder the former from doing him harm." See Report for January, 1804. The report for September, 1806, mentions, "the prices of Hops of 1801 and 1802 have fallen, the first to about 30s. and the latter which cost 16l. 10s. have fallen to about 4l. The report of the next month, quotes Kentish Hops in bags from 4l. to 5l. and in pecks from 3s. 6d. to 4s. In 1801 Hops in Philadelphia were 20 cents per lb. and the next year they were exported to London at 10 cents per lb."
Little British porter is consumed in Philadelphia, but in New York and Charleston, it is drunk in immense quantities. In Baltimore too, the consumption, though not so extensive, is nevertheless great. Let the consumers read the above and tremble for deranged stomachs and bowels, and deranged brain, and learn to be content with our unadulterated home made liquor. J. M.
An intoxicating drug. A bitter root from the West Indies.
ANECDOTE.
BEAU NASH was one evening employed in collecting money for the Bath-hospital. A lady entered who was more remarkable for her wit than her charity, and not being able to pay by him unobserved, she gave him a pet with her fan, and said, "You must put down a trifle for me, Nash, for I have no money in my pocket." "Yes, madam, says he, and that I will do with pleasure, if your grace will tell me what to stop;" then taking a handful of guineas out of his pocket he began to tell them into his white hat, one, two, three, four, five. "Hold, hold, (says the duchess) consider what you are about." "Consider your rank and fortune madam," (says the Nash) and continued telling six, seven, eight, nine, ten. Here the duchess called again, and seemed angry. "Pray compose yourself, madam," (cried Nash) "and don't interrupt the work of charity;" eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen. Here the duchess stopped and caught hold of his hand. "Peace, madam," says Nash. "You shall have your name written in letters of gold, madam; and upon the front of the building, madam;" sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty. "I won't pay a farthing more," says the duchess. "Charity hides a multitude of sins," replies Nash; twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-five. "Nash," says he, "I prefer you frighten me out of my wits. I don't I shall die!" "Madam, you will never die with doing good; and if you should it would be better for you," answered Nash, and was about to proceed; but perceiving her grace had lost all patience, a parley ensued; when he, after much altercation, agreed to stop his hand and compound with her grace for thirty guineas. The duchess, however, seemed displeased the whole evening, and when he came to the table where he was playing, bid him "stand further, an angry devil for the hated light of him." But her grace afterwards, having a run of good luck, called Nash to her: "Come," says she, "I will be friends with you, though you are a fool, and to let you see I am not angry, there are ten guineas more for your charity."
THE CORRESPONDING LETTER.
Of the Danbury Baptist Association to all corresponding associations, founded on Christian love and respect. BELOVED BRETHREN, It is with pleasure unaffected, that we receive your minutes, letters and messengers; and the agreeable intelligence communicated by them; and with pleasure we would make like returns. While we are called to mourning by a Held at Huntington, State of Connecticut, in Oct. last.
the severity of the divine displeasure upon our country in general, and upon some of our commercial towns in particular, we have cause to rejoice in the manifestations of the divine favor, in continuing to us the privilege of christian correspondence; in the outpouring of God's Spirit upon various parts of our sinful land; in particular in the town of Suffield, where it hath pleased the Lord to revive the contrite in heart, and comfort them that mourn; where the Lord by his grace hath brought a goodly number out of darkness into his marvellous light: where a number of the first characters, who with many of the dear youth, and some of the most inveterate enemies of the religion of Christ have been brought to bow to his sceptre, and to follow him in the blessed homeward way.
One hundred and six have been baptized since our last association, and added to the churches in that place.
May the Lord grant that the little cloud which has arisen there, may soon spread over the land, that it may become Emanuel's indeed, a mountain of holiness and a habitation of righteousness.
Since our last, the Lord, by the breathing stroke of death, has called our beloved father in the gospel, the rev. Seth Higbey, from the Church militant, as we trust, to the church triumphant; who has left the chariot of flesh, to join the general host of angels, and in praise with the spirits of just men made perfect.
Our minutes will show the state of our churches in general: there is nothing very flattering, nor any thing peculiarly discouraging. We think, however, that light is increasing; and hope that through "the tender mercy of our God, that the day spring from on high will visit us land."
We still feel the burden of ecclesiastical oppression in this State, and do not enjoy that liberty which is the happy lot of many of our sister associations with whom we correspond.
But while we see our brethren who are in covenant relation with us, distressed by having their property taken by force of law, and sold at the post to pay preachers whom they do not hear, and whose profession and practice they cannot fellowship; we would desire to be humble under the dispensation of divine Providence, and use every laudable and christian exertion to be freed from the tyrannical yoke.
May God grant that we may continually trust in him, who hath said, "I have chosen thee in the furnace of affliction; and in the world ye shall have tribulation."
Brethren, though we are absent in body, we rejoice that we may be present in spirit, that our prayers may meet before the throne of him whose eye is upon the righteous, and whose ear is open to their cry.
Our minds have been exercised—our meeting joyful—and our hearts refreshed with the good news we have received from various parts of the Zion of God; for which we thank God, and take courage. Finally, Brethren, farewell.
Signed by order and in behalf of the Association.
DANIEL WILDMAN, Moderator. ASAHEL MORSE, Clk.
(COMMUNICATION.)
Death!
DIED suddenly, at his own house in Athene County (23d July) Richard Farrar, aged about twenty years, after a life of usefulness, well spent in the service of society. A relief, and nine children are left to bemoan their loss! He was a kind and loving husband; a tender and indulgent parent. Having possessed the religion of the blessed Jesus, for a number of years, it produced in him the fruits of true piety. It is with reason that we form this natural conclusion, that the Almighty in infinite and unsearchable mercy took him from a world, that could be no longer pleasing to one of his age, and removed him to an eternity of indescible happiness; and to add to this inestimable boon, carried him through the dark valley of the shadow of death, while he was asleep, so that he was insensible to the horrors of that gloomy visit! Let the forerunner sudden stroke of mortality, teach mankind the absolute necessity of being "also ready" for this great revolution.
Campbell &c.
This day came Thomas Reid before me a Justice of the Peace for said county, and made oath that he took up one certain Gray Mare, on his own plantation, supposed to be a stray. The following freeholders called and appraised her to seventy dollars—no mark or brand perceivable—nearly fifteen hands high, appears to be a natural pacer.
Francis Miller. Morris Roberts. James Glass. Sworn to before me this 14th day of July, 1806. James Miller. A copy, Teste John Alexander, D.C.C.C.
PURSUANT to the within warrant to us directed, we have this day viewed an egray Horse shown to us by John Williams of Bedford County, and find the same to be a forrel horse about eight or nine years old, and about five feet high, with a blaze face, and two large saddle spots on each side of his weather, also a white streak near the throat larch, with one hind foot white, and entirely bare foot. And appraise the same to ninety dollars. Certified under our hands this 12th day of May, 1806.
WM. ROBERTSON. WM. WHITTEN. ROBERT MITCHELL. A Copy. Teste, J. STEPTOE, C.B.C.
VIRGINIA, to wit: At a Court continued and held for Pittsylvania County the 22d day of July, 1806. John Wilson, Plff. AGAINST John Owen, Glen Owen, George Owen, James Rutledge, and his wife, formerly Owen, and Jenny Matgrove formerly Jenny Owen, Defns. IN Chancery.
THE Defendants not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that they are not inhabitants of this State; On the motion of the plaintiff by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the third Monday in October next, and answer the Bill of the Plaintiff, and that copy of this order be forth with published in some newspaper of this State for eight weeks successively, and posted up at the front door of the Court house of this county on some court day.
A Copy. Teste, WILL. TUNSTALL, C.P.C. VIRGINIA, to wit: At a Court held for Pittsylvania County the sixteenth day of June, 1806. John Morris, Plff. AGAINST Joseph Matherley, and Zachariah Seal, and Rachel Cook, Joshua Cook, Elizabeth Cook, Samuel Cook, and Nancy Cook, children and heirs of Joshua Cook deceased. Defns. IN Chancery.
THE Defendants not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that they are not inhabitants of this State; On the motion of the Plaintiff by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the third Monday in September next, and answer the Plaintiff's Bill, & that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some newspaper of this State for eight weeks successively, and posted up at the front door of the Court house of this County on some court day.
A Copy. Teste, WILL. P. HARRISON, B.C.F.C.
THE partnership of Morris & Perkins at Lynchburg, is this day dissolved by mutual consent, all those indebted, and those holding claims for transactions at this place, are requested to come forward and have their accounts adjusted with Benjamin Perkins, or in his absence Mr. John Moore, or John Perkins at the Stone house, who is fully authorised to settle the business. BENJAMIN MORRIS. BENJAMIN PERKINS. August 8th, 1806.
Advertisement.
WILL be sold on Saturday the 23d instant, the following property, to wit: about two hundred and twenty-three acres of land, the property of Joseph Nicholls, lying in the lower end of Bedford County, on the premises—Also one hundred acres of land, lying near the Ivy Mills in said County, also the said Ivy Mills & one acre of ground on which they are built, also the following Slaves, viz. Caesar, Clary, and Milly, the property of said Nicholls, conveyed to me in trust to secure the payment of several sums of money as by said deed more fully appears. The sale of the last mentioned tract of land will be on the premises, that of the Ivy Mills and slaves at the said Ivy mills.
THOMAS WATT, Trustee. August 11th, 1806. Memo.—The sale of the above mentioned property has been postponed by consent of parties to the day above mentioned; when it will certainly be sold, unless the said Nicholls shall be fore that time pay the debts aforesaid.
Benjamin Essex
OFFERS his thanks to his friends and the publick, for the encouragement he has met with in his (TAYLOR's) Business, since his commencement at this place. He still continues to carry it on in all its different branches, as mentioned in a former advertisement—has a late and sufficient supply of journeymen for the season, to execute his work in the best manner, and on the shortest notice. He hopes still to obtain the public patronage.
Mrs. Ann Essex
MILLINER & MANTUA-MAKER, JUST FROM FREDERICKSBURG.
ALSO to call the attention of a generous publick—She makes Fashionable Dresses, plain, or trimmed. Head Dresses and Caps, of different descriptions. Bonnets, trimmed, or plain. Fashionable Cloth & Satin Cloaks. Dumity and Satin Spencer, Ditto. Having been long in the practice of the above Branches of Business, with the general approbation of her sex in, and extensively around the Town of Frederickburg, she hopes to give general satisfaction to those of this Town and its Vicinity, who may favour her with their custom.
N.B. Orders from the Country will always be punctually attended to. Merchants who speculate on articles in her line, may be supplied on a short notice. BAND BOXES made in the newest manner for sale. Lynchburg, July 21, 1806.
DEED OF TRUST from Henry Millirous to John Ward, bearing date the 20th day of January, 1806. A tract or parcel of LAND lying and being in the county of Bedford on M'Daniel creek, whereon the said Henry Millirous now lives, containing one hundred and fifty acres be the same more or less. A Copy. Teste, J. STEPTOE, C.B.C.
Stop the Victim!!
40 Dollars Reward.
THE above reward will be given by the subscriber to any person or persons, that will apprehend, and secure ROBERT JOHNS, for counterfeiting Tobacco Notes. This infamous VILLAIN, is a young man, about five feet nine or ten inches high, frail made, light complexion and hair, and has run the river for some time as a waterman. He was seen at the house of Thomas Johns (his father, who lives near the Folly in Amherst) on Saturday last, the 20th instant;—I have reason to believe he has an accomplice in the business.
The counterfeit notes are issued in favor of Allyn Blair, & signed with the names of Alcock & Franklin, a C. Mendell is probable that he will make for the western country, as he has an uncle living in Kentucky. He may also change his name as he has passed by a fictitious one in Lynchburg.
THOMAS NEALE.
N.B. The different printers, into whose hands this advertisement may fall, are solicited to give it a place in their papers. Lynchburg, July 31, 1806.
Valuable Property to Rent.
THE subscriber will rent for one or more years, the plantation on which he resides, or such a part thereof as would be conveniently divided into two distinct farms of upwards of one Hundred Acres of cleared land, well enclosed, with a sufficient portion ready to go in wheat this fall—and a handsome meadow attached to each. This plantation is on the waters of James River, within eight miles of two manufacturing mills, 15 miles distant from Lynchburg. To a man that is a real farmer, an advantageous lease will be given, with the liberty of feeding wheat in good time. In the event of the Plantation being leased, will be sold a valuable Stock of Horses Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep—Plantation Utensils, &c. and eight or ten good labourers hired either with or without the Plantation. The Tenant can be furnished with the necessary seed wheat and provision articles for the ensuing year. An entire sale of the whole estate would be preferred—long credit may be had on giving sufficient security for the regular payment of the interest, and the ultimate payment of the principal. Jno. M. WALKER. Campbell County, July 15, 1806.
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust bearing date the 21st day of March 1805, will be sold for ready money, at Amherst Court-house, on the 22d day of August next, one Negro Man slave named Will, which said Deed of Trust was executed to me as trustee by John Owen, in order to secure the payment of the sum of one hundred and seventy two pounds due George Loving and Henry Smith—the said negro is a good Carpenter, and there is no dispute in the title. JOHN THOMPSON, Trustee.
NOTICE.
A PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly of Virginia praying the establishment of a FERRY across James River, from the lands of James Waugh, in Amherst County to the lands of Timberlane W. W. Davis, in Bedford County. JAMES WAUGH. July 29, 1806.
At a Court held for Amherst County at the Court house the eighteenth day of June, eighteen hundred and six. Major James Benjamin Coffland, Comphl. AGAINST John Smith, Deft. In Chancery.
THE defendant not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that he is not an inhabitant of this State, and without the jurisdiction of this Court, on the motion of the complainant by his Counsel, it is ordered that the defendant do appear here on the third Monday in October next, and answer the complainant's bill, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Lynchburg Star for eight weeks successively and posted up at the front door of the Court house of this County, on some Court day. A Copy, Teste, W. S. CRAWFORD, C.A.C.
NOTICE.
I SHALL Petition the next General Assembly of Virginia, for leave to build a WAREHOUSE, for the reception and inspection of Tobacco, on my lots in the Town of Lynchburg. ROWLAND JONES. 30th July, 1806.
NOTICE.
THE Public are respectfully informed that the subscriber wishes to rent or lease the Tenement whereon Reuben Bagby now lives, it being a part of his estate lying on the Fluvanna River, in the County of Amherst, and within four miles of Lynchburg—Apply at my residence in Buckingham County, near Willis's Mountain. L. BOLLING. July 31, 1806.
NOTICE.
AGREEABLE to a Decree of the County Court of Bedford, will be exposed to sale on the 10th day of October next, for ready money, a
TRACT OF LAND,
the property of Sandford Holley, lying in the County of Bedford, and containing 254 acres, to satisfy a debt due from the said Sandford Holley to Holley's administrators—the sale to take place on the premises. Julius Hatcher, Charles Stewart, Benj. Robertson, William Rucker, David North. } Commrs. July 29th, 1806.
HYMNS.
Just published and for sale at the Star Office, (Price, Twenty-Five Cents,) A choice selection of Hymns. This first part, contains the new and so much admired Spiritual Songs, practised with such beneficial effects, during the late Camp, and other Meetings, in the counties of Amherst, and Bedford, and in the vicinity of Lynchburg.
GAMUTS
ALSO for sale at this Office.

Miscellany.
THE following humorous plan for the establishment of a "MARKET FOR MATRIMONY" was written in New England soon after the conclusion of the American War. It is now extracted from the First Volume of Carey's American Museum.
SINCE the conclusion of the war I have been happy to see the attention of the public turned to the encouragement of commerce, and the establishment of cities, markets, fairs, and other institutions of a similar nature. Yet I have lamented that no public measures have been taken to promote that most necessary commerce, on which all others must necessarily depend—the commerce of the sexes. The ladies have justly complained, that the matrimonial spirit greatly decayed during the war, to the lasting injury of a country whose welfare depends so much on population. They have employed every art to remedy this inconvenience, in vain. They have invented new modes of dress, calculated to discover almost all their forms to the eyes of their unfeeling lovers; and to reduce all covering to the original fig-leaf of Eve; and in produced new steps and figures in dancing almost as natural as those practised by the amiable fair of Cytherea. Will be to those rigid moralists who scold those new fashions in dress and dancing as indecent. They are important changes, absolutely necessary, in the present deplorable decay of the male passions, and at a time when so few purchasers are willing to contract without seeing a sample. As a further step towards encouraging this commerce, I beg leave to lay before the public the following plan:—
No. 1. VIRGINS. No. 2. WIDOWS. No. 3. DEMIREPS. No. 4. THE COMMONALTY.
That every lady repairing to the fair, for the purpose above-mentioned, shall appear in the highest modern fashion, viz: without any covering to the neck, the stays and gown cut away at least eight inches below the chin, and proportionably lower, according to the stature, with hoops ending at least five feet in diameter, at the lowest part, and the clothes so short, that the least motion of the wind shall display the garters, at the distance of ten rods;—that every lady, at the request of any chapman who may propose a purchase, be obliged to dance a cotillion in the new French step, to prove—
Hiatus vultus defensurus in MSS.
That all matrimonial contracts made in said fair be forthwith registered in the records thereof, unless immediately solemnized by the chaplain of the fair;—that there be a register of the fair, whose business it shall be to enquire and certify with regard to such virgins, widows, demireps, and commonalty, whether they be of the standard or not—to examine and secure all counterfeits—to enquire into the rate of exchange, and give information without fee or reward, to chapmen inclined to purchase; that there be two constables of the fair, to keep the peace therein, and see the bye-laws observed; and that each constable shall be provided with a red staff, as a badge of his office, made after the manner described by Horace—
rubor purpureus palus, &c.
And whereas the peace of the fair may be greatly in danger of being disturbed and broken, by scolding, quarrelling, pulling caps, and the like, I propose that said fair may be held near some large pond; and a person appointed with proper ropes, pulleys, and ducking stools, after the English manner; which court shall be authorised to sentence any fair delinquent who may be convicted of breaking the peace in manner aforesaid; and that the judgment of said court, in every such case, shall be—That she be immersed.
That the proper mock races be run by the ladies, according to the most approved practice in England, and elsewhere; and the fair to conclude with a long race, to be run by those chapmen, who, after application, shall fail of procuring wives at the fair.
This is a short sketch of my plan. It may, doubtless, receive further improvements, when properly taken up by the public. I had thoughts of mentioning another ward, for ladies divorced, but was prevented by considering that few would apply for a divorce until they have provided themselves with a second husband, by private contract. Some might also imagine there ought to be a particular ward for old maids, who are a numerous and increasing commodity; but as this would lead into enquiries concerning age and birth-days, very disagreeable to the fair traders in said market, and which might prevent their attendance, I think it would be best omitted. I submit the whole to the decision of the public; and would only observe, that unless this, or some other means be adopted, to assist that sex, who have been forced through our neglect, to adopt such fashions of dress and dancing, as most have extremely wounded the delicacy of their feelings—especially as we find those methods unattended with success—I cannot but apprehend, with the utmost grief and anxiety, that they will soon be obliged to increase their allurements, and exhibit their charms in the manner practised in the new discovered islands.
Anecdote
OF THE CZAR IVAN OF RUSSIA.
The Czar Ivan, who reigned over Russia about the middle of the sixteenth century, went out disguised, in order to discover the opinion, which the people entertained of his administration. One day, in a solitary walk near Moscow, he entered a small village, and pretending to be overcome by fatigue, implored relief from several of the inhabitants. His dress was ragged; his appearance mean; and what ought to have excited the compassion of the villagers, and have ensured his reception, was productive of refusal. Full of indignation at such inhuman treatment, he was just going to leave the place, when he perceived another habitation, to which he had not applied for assistance. It was the poorest cottage in the village. The emperor hastened to this, and knocked at the door; a peasant opened it, and asked him what he wanted. "I am almost dying with fatigue and hunger," answered the Czar; "can you give me a lodging for one night? "Alas!" said the peasant, taking him by the hand, "you will have but poor fare here; you are at an unlucky time; my wife is in labour; her cries will not let you sleep; but come in, come in; you will at least be sheltered from the cold; and such as we have you shall be welcome to."—The peasant then made the Czar enter a little room full of children; and in a cradle were two infants sleeping soundly; a girl, three years old, was sleeping on a rug near the cradle; while her two sisters, the one five years old, the other seven, were on their knees, crying and praying to God, for their mother, who was in room adjoining, and whose piteous plaints and groans were distinctly heard. "Stay here," said the peasant to the emperor. "I will go and get something for your supper."—He went out and soon returned with some black bread, eggs, and horseradish. "You see all that I can give you," said the peasant, "partake of it with my children. I must go and assist my wife." "Your charity, your hospitality," said the Czar, "must bring down blessings upon your house: I am sure God will reward your goodness." "Pray to God, my good friend," replied the peasant, "pray to God Almighty, that she may have a safe delivery; that is all I wish for." "And is that all you wish to make you happy?" "Happy I judge for yourself: I have five children; a dear wife who loves me; a father and mother both in health; and my labour is sufficient to support them all." "Do your father and mother live with you?" "Certainly, they are in the next room with my wife." "But your courage here is so very small!" "It is enough; it can hold us all." The peasant then went to his wife, who an hour after was happily delivered. Her husband, in a transport of joy, brought the child to the Czar; "Look," said he, "look, this is the sixth she has brought me! What a fine hearty child he is! May God preserve him as he has done my others!" The Czar, sensibly affected by this scene, took the infant in his arms; "I know," said he, from the physiognomy of this child, that he will arrive, I am certain, at great preferment."—The peasant smiled at this prediction, and at that instant the two eldest girls came to their new born brother, and their grandmother came also to take him back. The
little ones followed her: And the peasant laying himself down upon his bed of straw, invited the stranger to the same. In a moment the peasant was in a sound sleep; but the Czar sitting uplooked around and contemplated every thing with an eye of tenderness and emotion—the sleeping children and their sleeping father.—An undisturbed silence reigned in the cottage. "What a happy calm! What delightful tranquillity!" said the emperor. Avarice and ambition, suspicion and remorse never enter here. How sweet is the sleep of innocence!" In such reflections and on such a bed did the mighty emperor of the Russians spend the night. The peasant awoke at the break of day, and his guest, taking leave of him, said, "I shall return to Moscow, my friend—I am acquainted there with a very benevolent man, to whom I shall take care to mention your benevolent treatment of me. I can prevail upon him to stand godfather to your child. Promise me, therefore, that you will wait for me, that I may be present at the christening: I will be back in three hours at farthest. The peasant did not think much of this mighty promise, but in good nature of heart, he consented, however, to the stranger's request.
The Czar immediately took his leave; the three hours were soon gone; and nobody appeared. The peasant, therefore, followed by his family, was preparing to carry his child to church; but as he was leaving his cottage, he heard on a sudden, the trampling of horses, and the rattling of many coaches. He looked out, and saw a multitude of horses, and a train of splendid carriages. He knew the imperial guards, and instantly called his family to come and see the emperor go by. They all ran out in a hurry, and stood before the door. The horses and carriages soon formed a considerable line; and at last the state coach of the Czar stopped, opposite the good peasant's door. The guards kept back the crowd, which the hopes of seeing their sovereign had collected together. The coach door was opened; the Czar alighted, and advancing to his host, thus addressed him: "O peasant! you are a good father; I am some to fulfil my promise; give me your child, and follow me to the church." The peasant stood like a statue; now looked at the emperor with the mingled emotions of astonishment and joy, and observing his magnificent robes, and the costly jewels with which they were adorned; and now turned to the nobles that surrounded him. In this confusion of pomp he could not discover the poor stranger who had laid all night with him upon straw. The emperor for some moments silently enjoyed his perplexity, and then addressed him thus: "Yesterday you performed the duties of humanity; to day I am come to discharge the most delightful duty of a sovereign, of recompensing virtue. I shall not remove you from a situation to which you do so much honor, and the innocence and tranquillity of which I envy. But I will bestow upon you such things as may be useful to you. You shall have numerous flocks, rich pastures, and a house that will enable you to exercise the duties of hospitality with pleasure. Your new-born child shall be my ward; for you may remember," continued the emperor, smiling, "that I prophesied, he would be fortunate."—The good peasant could not speak; but with tears of grateful sensibility in his eyes, he ran instantly to fetch his child; brought him to the emperor, and laid him respectfully at his feet. This excellent sovereign was quite affected; he took the child in his arms, and carried him to church, and after the ceremony was over, unwilling to deprive him of his mother's milk, he took him to the cottage, and ordered that he should be sent to him as soon as he should be weaned. The Czar faithfully observed his engagement, caused the boy to be educated, in his palace, provided amply for his future settlement in life, and continued ever after to heap favours on the virtuous peasant and his family.
FROM THE NEW-YORK WESLEYAN VISITOR.
MADAME BONAPARTE, the present Empress of the Gauls.
What's Royalty but power to please myself? And if I dare not, then am I the slave.
Dryden.
Though Madame Napoleon disposes at present of thousands of louis d'ors, as she did formerly of livres and shillings, she is, by her extravagance in dress, and by her gambling, several millions of livres in debt. Lately, at Brussels, she lost, in six days at cards and dice, fifty thousand louis-d'ors paid for her by the minister of the national treasury, Marbois. According to the periodical print, "Les Nouvelles a la Main," of Vendemaire, year 12, or October 1803, Madame Napoleon never puts on any plain
gown twice, and her changes her dress four or six times every day. In the summer she makes use of four dozen of silk stockings and three dozen of gloves and shoes; and in the winter she uses three dozen of the best cotton stockings, and two dozen of French silk stockings every week. She never wears any washed stockings, nor puts on twice the same pair of gloves and shoes. All her chemises are of the finest cambric, with borders of lace that cost ten louis-d'ors each; six dozen of chemises, with lace, are made up for her every month. Every three months she exchanges her diamonds and jewels, or has them newly set according to the prevalence of fashion. Four times in the year carpets, &c, are changed according to the season. She has ordered, as her regular establishment, two new carriages, and twelve different horses in her private stable, the master of the horses has a power to dispose of twelve every three decades, to be replaced by as many others of fashionable color. Twelve times in the year all persons belonging to her household receive new accoutrements, of livery. Her own wardrobe is divided, every thirty days, between her maids of honour.
Madame Napoleon has four distinct established wardrobes, different diamonds, &c, for travelling, for the Thuilleries, for St. Cloud and Malmaison; and though she cannot reside but in one place at the same time, in the Thuilleries, as well as at St. Cloud and Malmaison, four changes of furniture, &c, are always ordered for the same period. At St. Cloud she has, at the expense of thousands of louis d'ors, improved the bathing cabinet of the late unfortunate queen. By touching certain springs, she can command what perfumes her caprice demands to mix with the water; the reservoir always containing for fifty louis-d'ors, five new odours and best perfumed water. By touching other springs, she commands the appearance of drawing, or other pictures, elegant or voluptuous, gay or otherwise, as her fancy desires. When she wishes to leave the bath, at the signal of a bell, she is, by a mechanical invention, lifted without moving herself from the bathing machine, into an elegant, moderately warm, and perfumed bed, where she is dried in two minutes; and from which she is again lifted and laid down upon a splendid lute-fors; moved without her stirring, by another piece of mechanism, into an adjoining cabinet for her toilette, of which the furniture and decorations cost ten thousand livres. For the improvements only of her luxurious, though less expensive bathing cabinet, at the Thuilleries and at Malmaison, the French Republic has paid 200,000 livres.
EXTRAORDINARY SINGLE COMBAT
Aubry de Mondidier travelling alone through the forest of Bondy, in France, was assassinated, and buried at the foot of a tree. His dog remained for several days upon his grave, and quitted it only through the force of hunger. It returned at length to Paris, where it went to the house of an intimate friend of the unfortunate Aubry, and, by its melancholy howlings appeared desirous of communicating the loss it had sustained. After eating, it recommenced its cries, went to the door, turned its head to see whether any one followed, returned to its master's friend, and pulled him by the coat as if inviting him to follow it. The singularity of these actions of the dog, its returning without its master, whom it had never been known to quit, and the sudden disappearance of that master, altogether determined the friend to follow the dog.
As soon as the dog reached the foot of the tree, it began to scratch up the earth, at the same time redoubling its cries. The friend immediately dug and found the body of the murdered Aubry.
Some time after, it accidentally met the assassin, who is unanimously called by historians, the chevalier Macaire.
It seized him by the throat, and could with difficulty be made to let go his hold, and every time it saw him, it attacked and pursued him with the same fury.
The ferocity of this dog who was mild to every body else, began to be thought extraordinary. Its attachment to its master was called to mind, together with some symptoms of hatred which Macaire had often manifested towards Aubry.
Other circumstances strengthened the suspicion.
The king, informed of what was said on the subject, caused the dog to be brought into his presence, where it was tranquil till the appearance of Macaire, among twenty other courtiers. Immediately, it turned upon him, barked, and endeavored to seize him. In those times, when the proofs of a crime were not sufficiently convincing, a combat was ordained between an accuser and accused.
The species of combat was called the judgment of God, because it was believed that heaven would rather work a miracle, than allow innocence to fall.
The king, struck with all the particulars which united themselves against Macaire, thought proper to command a single combat between the chevalier and the dog.
The lists were prepared in the Isle of Notre Dame, which was then a waste and uninhabited spot. Macaire was armed with a large club, and the dog had an empty cask allowed it for a retreat.
It was let loose, and immediately sprung upon its adversary, as round him, avoided his blows, threatened him, now on this side and now on that, wore away his strength, and at length seized him by the throat, and threw him down.
In this situation, and in the presence of the king and his court, the chevalier confessed the murder.
There is a picture of this battle, which took place on the 8th Oct. 1364, in the great hall of the palace of Montargis.
Bedford May Crap. 1805.
John Ward } Plaintiff. Henry Milner } Defendant.
IT appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that a Copy of the said Decree, decreeing restitution made in the cause had been served on the defendant, and he having failed to appear and the his answer according to the terms thereof; It is ordered and decreed that the Bill be taken for confessed, and that the defendant be forever barred and foreclosed of all equity of redemption, of, in, and to, the land and its appurtenances in the bill mentioned, and that Thomas Lestwich, John Clayton, William Anderson, Mark Anthony, and Samuel Smith, or any three of them be appointed commissioners to sell the land and premises for ready money, and convey the same having advertised the sale thereof for eight weeks successively in some convenient news-paper and out of the money arising therefrom satisfy and pay the complainant the sums of money in the bill mentioned, or with the sum fifty five pounds four shillings and ten pence; and thirty five pounds nine shillings, seven pence farthing with interest thereon from the 20th of January 1804 till paid, and the costs of recording the Deed of Trust executed by the Defendant, the costs attending the advertisement and sale, and the costs of this suit, and the residue if any to the defendant or his legal representatives and make report to Court.
A Copy: Teste, J. STEPTOE, C. B. C.
IN conformity to the above Decree (Ward vs Milner) we shall proceed to sell on the premises, for ready money, on Saturday 20th September next, the LAND and its appurtenances, mentioned in the said Decree, lying in Bedford County, on the waters of M'Daniel's Creek adjoining the Lands of Col. Thomas Lestwich, George Hackworth, &c.
Thomas Lestwich. John Clayton. Mark Anthony. Samuel Smith. } Comrs.
31st July, 1805.
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust executed to the subscribers by William Evans of the county of Amherst, for the purpose of securing the payment of a debt due to Brown Murphy & Co. for the sum of two hundred and thirteen pounds and four pence, with interest thereon from the first day of August 1804, and the expenses attending the execution of the trust.
Will be sold to the highest bidder for ready money, on Saturday the 23rd day of August next, at the dwelling house of the said William Evans in the county aforesaid, a tract of
LAND.
lying on both sides of Little Piney river, containing by two surveys three hundred and fifty acres, and bounded by the lands of William Moore, Stephen Turner, and David Clarkson also one NEGRO WOMAN named PEG, and her increase if any since the executing the Trust.
John Higginbotham, Trustee. Amherst, 11th July, 1805.