Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1809-07-19 00:00:00

The Official Correspondence, between the Austrian and the French governments, will be read with interest by the politician. We hope none of our readers will pass lightly over the first letter. Among other causes of discontent, which the French minister places against Austria, is the admission of three American vessels into the port of Trieste! But then they had cargoes evidently from England and Malta. And what of that we demand? Is it not enough that the Usurper, should expel us from his own ports, but that he makes it a cause of quarrel with the emperor of Austria, because he admits us into his ports? We have seen this correspondence in none but democratic papers as yet, and not one word of complaint have they presumed to utter, at this insolent attack upon our rights. We should like to know what would be said, if the British government, was to menace the governments of Spain and Portugal, for admitting our vessels into their ports.
If the Emperor of Austria pleases to permit our vessels to trade from England to his ports, what right has France to complain?
The American who is prepared to submit to this insult upon our national character, and this attack upon our rights, must have parted with the independence of the citizen of a free nation, and is prepared as far as his voice can go, to take a place in the train of the degraded dependants of the Usurper. Let us hear no more of fighting for maritime rights, when this insult offered to us, in the face of the world, is submitted to without complaint or notice.
We are enabled to-day to present our readers with intelligence of a later date from London, than any received in this country.
In respect to the operations in Spain and Portugal, these advices are not so late, as those which we had already received from these countries direct, but they are more clear and satisfactory from the north of Europe and Italy. The account of Russia having declared war against France, turns out as we supposed it would, to be a mere fabrication. The Austrian victory in Italy has been as decisive as the accounts by the way of Spain had stated it to be. The Austrians have made considerable progress in Poland; it was in this country we expected they would have met the Russian forces, if the emperor Alexander had designed to take part in the war. The insurrection in the North of Germany appears to have assumed a formidable and consistent shape; if ever the people of Germany are roused, the power of Napoleon will be shaken to its centre.
There has been no battle between the two grand armies, since those which were fought from the 20th to the 30th of April, the particulars of which were given some days since. The French army has been suffered to advance towards Vienna, without opposition. It is impossible to take a view of the hostile armies, without the deepest interest; both parties appear to be sensible of the critical state of affairs.
We both hope and believe that the Archduke Charles will not hazard the fate of his country by a precipitate action. We must refer our readers to the London articles for particular information as to the state of the armies.
Yesterday Andrew Brydie, alias Baird, whose commitment we noticed in our paper of Friday, underwent an examination before the Husting's Court, and was remanded for trial to the District Court.
We are enabled to state as a positive fact, that an American gentleman in Amsterdam, has written to his friend in New-York, by the late arrival there from Amsterdam, that he had received a letter from general Armstrong, our minister at Paris, advising him to remit his money to England or America, without any delay, as he, general Armstrong, had finally made up his mind to leave France immediately and return to America. — Freeman's Journal.
A letter has been received in this city, via Laguière, dated Cadiz, May 30th, 1809, which confirms the accounts of the Spanish and Austrians successes; repeats the evacuation of Catalonia by the French; and says, that such was the distress of the French troops in Andalusia, from the plague, that they had solicited relief in medicine, from the Spanish government. — Political Register.
LATEST FROM EUROPE. Boston, July 10.
The following highly pleasing intelligence, was politely handed us by a gentleman from Montreal, where it was received by an arrival in a short passage from England, and immediately published in a hand-bill.
Austrian Success. FIRST AUSTRIAN BULLETIN. Dated Field Quarters, Saale, April 17.
On the 10th and the 11th his imperial highness the archduke John, with the army under his command, entered the territory of Frioule, by Ponteba, Cividale, and Gortz, and, after some opposition, advanced on the 13th to the Tagliamento. The enemy retired across the river, in order to join with the troops in their rear. This junction, which probably took place at Sacile, made the hostile army five divisions strong. In the night of the 14th his imperial highness proceeded with the advanced guard towards Pordenone; the remainder of the army followed at day-break. The enemy's advanced guard was at Pordenone, and his army was placed between this place and Sacile, near Fontanafredda. In this situation a battle commenced, which, after a sanguinary contest of two days, terminated entirely to our advantage. The vice king of Italy commanded the French army. The result was so decisive, that the enemy could not maintain themselves behind the Livenza, but were obliged to retreat rapidly to the Piave. The prisoners already amount to 6000, among whom are generals Paze and Bressan. More are constantly brought in. The loss in killed and wounded greatly exceeds this number, and we have taken 16 cannon and three eagles.
London, May 18.
There have arrived since our last, some French journals and German Gazettes to the 5th inst. They do not enable us to add a single important fact to the intelligence exclusively published by us on Saturday, relative to the successes of the Austrians in the Tyrol, in Italy and in Poland; and from the enemy's
army in Germany the accounts by this consequence are not so late a date as those which we also gave in our last from the third Bulletin of the French army. The Austrian Bulletin of the first successes of the archduke John in Italy, fully confirms our former statement upon this subject.
The enemy, commanded by the vice-king of Italy in person, were completely defeated, with the loss of 6000 prisoners, and a still greater number in killed and wounded, besides 16 pieces of cannon and three eagles. Among the prisoners taken are generals Paze and Bressan. The Paris and Milan papers attempt to give a different colouring to the result of this affair. But the Austrian accounts bear so many features of truth, that credence cannot be denied them, in preference to the obviously un candid statements of the enemy. The Austrians give geographical proofs of their having, in the first instance considerably advanced; whilst, with all the pretensions of the enemy, the utmost they can assert that they maintain a position on the Piave. In Italy therefore, affairs wear a promising aspect on the part of the Austrians, the more especially as the improved state of the Tyrol (as described in our last) is so highly favourable to their cause. We have nothing to add to the account we gave on Saturday of the capture of Warsaw by the Austrian army of the Archduke Ferdinand, except that a Polish regiment laid down their arms at Tarczyn, and that the garrison of Warsaw, on its retreat to Kalish, had been pursued for two days, and that many prisoners were taken.
In Germany, we learn by advices brought on Saturday by an Austrian messenger who left Heligoland on the 7th inst. that the archduke Charles so late as the 25th ult. continued on the Regen between Cham and Sulzbach, where he was joined by the divisions of gen. Klenau and Bellegarde, and a corps of reserve under general Norman. The divisions of gen. Hiller, St. Vincent, and Kienmayer, had also joined him, and thus augmented the army under the immediate command of the archduke to 160,000 men. Wurzburg is reported to have been occupied by a detachment under count Klenau, and it was added that another corps had taken possession of Dresden. We know not what degree of credit to attach to these statements, but hope they will prove correct. At all events, we trust that Buonaparte, will shortly have to repent for his temerity in having advanced so far, leaving in a manner the formidable army of the archduke Charles in his rear, and in this hope we are encouraged by all the private advices received by the last conveyance. The emperor of Germany, we are happy to find, is not the least dismayed by the result of the first operations in Bavaria. His imperial majesty has issued a proclamation from Lintz, in which he calls out the second or reserve militia of Austria, intending to place himself at their head. The Hungarian insurrection army has been assembled at Presburg, and every measure of his government evinces a determination and energy corresponding with the danger which menaces his throne.
Private advices state, that the insurrection in Hesse has become very formidable. One account says, "at Gromberg, Lambach, Marburg, and some other places, the people had disarmed the military, and hanged several of the government agents charged with the execution of the obnoxious decrees. Some squadrons of horse which had been sent to the camp at Hanover, and a division of infantry which had been ordered to Elze, have been recalled by forced marches."
"The spirit of discontent is not confined to Hesse — it extends through Hanover and Brunswick, Wetteravia and Thuringia, and only waits a favourable occasion to burst into action. Col. Doenbergs, of the Westphalian Rangers, directed the malcontents; — there are some reports of his arrest — but other accounts represent him at the head of a numerous and well organized force."
Our London accounts to May 15, present a new and more favourable aspect of the affairs of Austria. The archduke John, with an army of about 50,000 troops, which he took with him into Italy, has been enabled to oppose the French in that quarter, with great success: and joined, as he will be, by a large and gallant army from the Tyrolese, we have great and promising hopes that he will be able to drive the French completely out of Italy. To this pleasing view, is superadded the circumstance of the favourable position of the archduke Charles, after experiencing the defeat of his troops at Eckmuhl and Ratisbon. This position places him in front of the richest and most secure part of Bohemia, where his losses both in men, military apparatus and ammunition, can be readily made up; and from whence he will be able to make advances against the enemy, under very favourable and promising auspices. What success will attend the efforts of the emperor Francis in bringing forward the reserve of contingent militia, it is impossible to foretell, as the rousing to arms of a whole nation, must depend on the spirit by which the people are to be actuated, and the means used to awaken that impulse of the soul, which inspires a zealous and disinterested love of country; but this much appears to be certain, that if he is enabled to assemble a powerful army, and advance upon the enemy, the Great Napoleon, will find himself in a situation from which his utmost skill will lack invention to extricate him.
From an Antigua paper received by the Catherine Shepherd, captain Webb.
St. John's, (Ant.) July 4.
From a late Barbados paper, which was politely put into our hands, we have copied some very interesting selections from London papers to the 22d of May. By these it appears, that the situation of both the hostile armies engaged in Germany, is extremely critical and perilous; any serious disaster which may befall either, will probably terminate in its entire ruin.
At this period, however, of trembling expectation we see, or at least please ourselves with, the idea of beholding our allies exposed to considerably less danger than their adversaries. If any person will carefully trace by a map the route and present position of the armies, they will readily perceive the inevitable destruction to which Buonaparte must be exposed in case of a reverse happening to the force immediately under his command. Indeed the defeat of the division under general Lefevre which has been detached against gen. Jelachich and the Tyrolese, or of that under Bernadotte, opposed to the archduke Charles in Bohemia, either of which is by no means improbable, would compel them to a precipitate retreat.
If with the transactions in Germany we likewise take into our consideration the opposite fortune of the contending parties in Italy, the scale of advantage seems to incline to the Austrian side. The archduke John, after having defeated the French in this quarter, and driven them back to the Adige with the loss, it is said, of 30,000 men, finds himself sufficiently strong to send away a division of 30,000, to assist his brother Charles, and still maintain the wall upon an equal footing. This detachment will probably take its course through the Tyrol, where, united to the corps of gen. Jelachich and the brave inhabitants of the country, it may be able to dispose of the army of marshal Lefevre. It is worthy of remark, that the French do not in their present campaign, as in all former ones, boast of the great number of their prisoners; except in their account of the first action, which German statements have com-
pletely falsified. This circumstance fully proves that the Austrians have defeated the field with the most obstinate resolution, and retreated in the most compact and orderly manner.
A spirit of hostility to the Corsican prevails generally throughout the north of Germany, and on some part of the Elbe no less than 40,000 men are said to be in arms under the command of col. Schill. These numbers we suspect to be much exaggerated; the insurrection, however, is of such extent and spreading so rapidly, that a French army of 50,000 is to be marched thither for its suppression. A London extract in our last number shews that disaffection has also crept in among the officers and troops of Jerome Buonaparte.
On Saturday last arrived his majesty's ship Latona, capt. Pigott, with a valuable prize, La Feelite frigate, commanded by Mons. Bagot, lieut. de vaisseau. This is one of the frigates which arrived in these seas with the last French squadron, and was fortunate enough to escape from the Saints into Guadalupe. She is rated at 36 guns, now mounts only 16, and was on her return to France laden with sugar and coffee, when the Latona fell in with and captured her, in lat. 23. N. Capt. Pigott left the Blonde in chase of the other frigate, and there was the greatest probability, that she would likewise be taken.
London, May 18.
We have received Dutch papers to the 14th inst. containing the 4th bulletin of the French army in Germany. It is dated the 1st inst. at Braunau, on the Inn, to which city it appears Buonaparte had, on the previous evening, transferred his head quarters, from Burghausen. From this latter place he proposed to remove to Ried on the 1st, and he would probably endeavour to proceed from thence to Wels, and thence to Linz, thus advancing along the great road, on the southern side of the Danube, to Vienna. As the main Austrian army, under the archduke Charles, is on the north side of the Danube, we shall not probably hear of any important action for some days. Whether Buonaparte means to pursue him across the river, or march direct for Vienna, leaving the archduke in his rear, or whether the latter will endeavour to anticipate him and make a stand in defence of the capital, on these points we have no means of forming a decided opinion. The bulletin is of no importance further than as it ascertains the head quarters of the French on the 1st inst.
May 19.
A Lisbon mail arrived last night, and the Packet which brought it, brought also gen. Sentag, with dispatches from Sir Arthur Wellesley. They are said to contain an account of our army being within 24 hours march of Oporto. South has offered to capitulate on certain conditions, which have been refused by Sir Arthur Wellesley. A battle was expected to take place on the 5th inst.
Sir Arthur's head quarters were at Coimbra, where he had a force of 18,000 English troops, and 14,000 Portuguese. South had evacuated Oporto, and had marched to Amarante, where there had been several days fighting with the Portuguese troops under the command of general Alveras, in which the French were beaten in every action. There are about three or four hundred French troops left in the garrison of Oporto.
The papers brought by the mail are to the 5th. — They state, that the first division of the British army entered Coimbra on the 30th ult. which is about 20 miles from Oporto; they were received with the loudest acclamations. While the British were advancing against South, who had lost all hope of being relieved from his perilous situation by marshal Victor, a division of 9,000 Spanish troops had entered Chaves, for the purpose of cutting off the French should they attempt to effect their retreat into the southern part of Galicia.
The news from Spain is by no means unfavourable. Just before the packet sailed there was a report in circulation of a great victory having been gained by general Rheing, between Barcelona and Villafranca. Confident hopes are entertained of clearing both Catalonia and Valencia of the enemy. In the south they have made no progress; indeed they seem more inclined to fall back than to advance.
While South is exposed to this peril in the north of Portugal, Ney is in little less danger in Spain. He cannot be reinforced, and immediately after the surrender of South, he will have to encounter the British troops, who are to enter Spain by way of Zamora.
A large mass of Dutch and German papers have been received, containing a great variety of details some of which are important, and all interesting. We shall begin with those which relate to the operations on the north bank of the Danube. The archduke Charles has abandoned his position on the Regen, and has retired towards the Bohemian mountains. This movement has induced Davoust to break up from Ratisbon, and having been joined by Bernadotte between Regensburg and Schwandorf, they have advanced to Cham and Waldmünchen. The reports of battles between the archduke and the French are unfounded.
Whilst the war is for the present confined on the north bank of the Danube to mere marches and changes of position, Buonaparte is advancing on the south bank, with the main body of his army along the roads that lead from the Inn to Lintz and Wels. On the 2d part of the army had arrived at Sighading, and pushed on its advanced guard to Efering; the remainder of the army had reached Ried on the road to Wels. The force employed in this part consists of three French divisions, and the Darmstadt, Wirtemberg, and part of the Bavarian troops. The Austrians under general Hiller, reinforced by successive arrivals of troops from Vienna have passed the Trano, and taken a position behind Wels, where another battle is expected.
In the mean time the rest of the French and Bavarian troops are gone to Salzburg, and the Tyrol, which is in a state of general insurrection. There was some warm fighting on the 29th in the neighbourhood of Salzburg, and in the town itself, general Jelachich retired towards the Tyrol. How serious affairs are in that quarter, we may conjecture from the confession even of the French themselves, that the whole of the northern Tyrol is in insurrection, that large bands of Tyrolese troops make incursions into Swabia and to the Lech, and carry off cattle and provisions in abundance.
The Austrians meanwhile, according to the Zurich Gazette, have been successful in other quarters, have taken the important posts of Bregenz and Feldkirch, and have advanced as far south at Botzen, which was taken by storm. Co-operating with the division that came from Germany, another Austrian division entering the bishoprick of Trent, had advanced to Trent, where the French papers say there was a warm action. This naturally directs our attention to the state of the war in Italy.
The first operations of the war in that quarter have been extremely successful. From the Tagliamento the French had been driven back, and the Austrians successively took Vicenza and Padua, and advanced over the Adige. From thence they sent a part of their army, which, ascending that river, advanced to Trent. The unfortunate turn however of affairs in Germany, obliged the archduke John to send 30,000 men thither, and his career was stopped on the Adige. The last accounts, dated on the 2d of May, left the French head-quarters at Montebello, between Verona and Vicenza, and the Austrians on the other side of Vicenza. The bulletins and proclamations of the Austrians have produced
considerable effect in that part of Italy, and in some places the people have risen.
Whilst the Dutch, French and German papers, combine in giving accounts of the uninterrupted successes of the French in Germany, private letters from Holland speak of their having experienced a reverse of fortune at Lintz, where they report a great battle to have taken place about the 3d, in which the French were defeated, and forced to fall back to the Inn. These letters are of the 15th, and state, that all German mails had been stopped by order of Buonaparte; a rumour was in circulation that the French had been defeated near Lintz, about the 3d instant, and had lost 12,000 men, six generals killed, and one marshal; that the Austrians had taken all their cannon, and regained their former prisoners, &c. &c.
May 20.
The officer who arrived with dispatches to government from Heligoland, brought intelligence of insurrections prevailing in all the northern parts of Germany. In Hanover the people surrounded and compelled 3000 Dutch troops to lay down their arms.
We have received three Austrian bulletins, but they have not brought down the military operations to so late a date as those of which we had previously received accounts. The Austrians do not attempt to conceal the disasters they have met with; they confess, that after the most obstinate fighting for five days, they were beaten. For the present, they say, they have changed their operations from the offensive to the defensive.
There appears to have been a sharp action in Poland on the 19th ult. before Warsaw was surrendered to the archduke Ferdinand, whose head-quarters were at Rakow on the 21st. The Polish and Saxon troops, were, by the terms of the surrender, to evacuate Warsaw on the 23d.
The archduke Charles has broken up from Cham and has taken the road to Budweis, and according to the accounts in the German papers, intended to proceed from Budweis to Lintz. Such a route would remove him, for such a length of time, from the seat of war, that Buonaparte would have time to accomplish his intention against gen. Hiller's army on the south of the Danube, before the archduke could have descended again to the northern bank. — We know there is no road to Vienna on the left bank of the Danube practicable for an army; the right bank is the direct road. But instead of taking the long road that would conduct him to Budweis, and from thence to Lintz, he may have determined to make a rapid movement at once from Cham to the Danube, with the intention of again crossing that river, and acting upon the rear of the French.
The report of a battle having been fought at Lintz on the 3d, in which the French were defeated, is still in circulation. It is even mentioned in an article from Gotterburgh of the 9th, in which it is said that the battle commenced on the 3d and continued on the 4th and 5th, which at length terminated in favour of the Austrians.
It may not be unsatisfactory to give a summary of operations to the date of the last accounts.
The French troops in Germany are divided into six corps, commanded by the Dukes of Rivoli (Massena), Montebello (Lannes), Danzig (Lefebvre), Auerstadt (Davoust), the Prince of Ponte Corvo (Berdanotte), and the Duke of Istria. To these were united the troops of Bavaria, Wirtemberg and Baden.
The direct road to Vienna is in the possession of Buonaparte, who has his main force between the Inn and the Tronn. But since his victory on the 22d and 23d, which cleared Bavaria of the Austrian troops, he has not advanced so rapidly as was expected, considering the inferior numbers opposed to him in front.
This is accounted for by the circumstance of the Austrians being in so great force on the north bank of the Danube, and of the Tyrol having been reconquered by its brave inhabitants. But it may be said that he has never been solicitous about his rear and his wings pressing onward with his main force, and directing it against the enemy's main force, knowing that if he can break that, all other obstacles and opposition will be removed. In this war, however, the force which is in the front of Buonaparte is not the Austrian main force, and it is evident that Austria does not mean to make the loss of her capital the signal for discontinuing hostilities, and accepting such terms as the victor may be pleased to grant. She has already manifested her intention of taking refuge in her Hungarian territories, if the enemy should advance to the capital; and thus, though Buonaparte may realise his promise of being in Vienna in less than a month, the war must not therefore be considered as near its conclusion. It is likely to be carried on on a more extensive scale than it was last winter, and Bohemia and Austria and the Tyrol and Italy, may be at one and the same time the scenes of active military operations. The fortune of the campaign has undoubtedly been hitherto on the side of Buonaparte — he has gained great victories, and has beat both the army that was in his front and the army that threw itself in his rear — but in the contemplation of the great advantages he has gained, let us not lose sight of the operations in the Tyrol and in Italy; let us give due weight to the valour and good conduct of the Austrians in all their affairs. Beaten they have been, but we see no faults committed by their officers — nothing like the incapacity and imbecility evinced in the last war — the French are not able to interpose in their rear — they fight obstinately, they retreat without confusion, and the enemy have not been able to follow them rapidly.
At the date of the last accounts from Lisbon the native army, under gen. Beresford, at Thomar, was supposed to be 26,000 strong; Silveira, at Amarante, had with him 18,000 including the right wing, commanded by Sir R. Wilson, consisting of 4000 men; 10,000 British infantry and 500 cavalry, under gen. Hill, had reached Coimbra; and Sir A. Wellesley, with the main body of the British army, was at Leyria. Romana had under his immediate orders 10,000 well equipped and provided; and 8 or 9000 Spaniards and Portuguese had marched through Chaves, on their route to Braga. Valencia, Orense, Tuy, and the whole country in that direction north and south of the Minho (Oporto, Corunna, and Ferrol excepted) were in the hands of the natives. — South, who was supposed to be in the vicinity of Oporto, was thus surrounded on every side, and had in vain attempted to force a passage through Amarante. His whole force we understand did not exceed 25,000 men; and thus situated, we see no alternative that remained to him but destruction or capitulation.
May 22.
On the 9th inst. the van of the French army under the duke of Montebello (marshal Lannes) was at Sigmarskirchen, within 12 miles of Vienna, and Buonaparte had his head quarters at St. Polten, about 26 miles from that capital. This important intelligence is communicated in the 6th Bulletin of the French army. It appears from these important documents, that on the 4th the duke of Montebello crossed the river Enns, at Steyer, and arrived at Amstetten on the 5th; at Melck on the 6th; at St. Pölten on the 7th; at Perschling on the 8th; from which place he proceeded the next day to Sigmarskirchen. Buonaparte and his staff were close on the rear of marshal Lannes, and that of the duke of Auerstadt (marshal Davoust) one day's march behind that of Massena. Except a slight affair at Amstetten, the advancing army do not appear to have experienced any resistance. On their approach,

the Austrians, under the archduke Lewis and gen. Hilarie, retreated before them, until they came to Szolnok, where they separated on the 7th. Two thirds passed to the northern side of the Danube, at Komorn, and the other third proceeded to Vienna. With respect to the other French corps, we find that Bernadotte's corps is detained in Bohemia by the archduke Charles, and had entered Bohemia, and that the Duke of Danzig ( marshal Lefebvre) was marching against the Tyrol. The anxiety produced by the insurrection in the north of Germany, headed by col. Schill, proves that it is of great magnitude, and threatens serious consequences. A corps of observation is to be formed on the Elbe, under the duke of Valey, to restrain it. It is to consist of 60,000 men. Schill's force, according to the German papers, amounts to 50,000 men.
That Buonaparte would fulfil his menace of entering Vienna a second time, has always appeared to us highly probable; but it will in no degree decide the result of the campaign, if the government and people of Austria are united, firm, and determined.
Napoleon evidently betrays his sense of the emergency, and the crisis, in which his house, and his fortunes are involved, by the measures to which he has recourse. Joachim Murat, it seems, has been summoned from Naples, to defend his own and his master's throne; while Lewis and his queen are ordered to attend them at Vienna. From every part of Europe his legions are called in; and the very crews of his ships of war, if we may believe the Dutch themselves, are sent to join the armies of an Italian usurper, on the confines of Hungary, at the distance of seven hundred miles from Flushing. How great the consternation is, that pervades Bavaria, we may trace in the conduct of the king of that country, who neither dares to retain himself at Munich, nor considers the publick records as safe in any part of his dominions. He has taken refuge at Augsburg, while the archives have been removed to Zurich, in Switzerland. Insurrection evidently runs through all the North and centre of Germany, and only waits for some further proofs of the firmness of the Austrian cabinet, to involve in its effects the circles of Lower Saxony, Franconia, and Westphalia. Nor have we ever doubted that the king of Prussia and elector of Saxony will declare against the common scourge and tyrant of Europe, as soon as they shall see a chance of extrication. Even the Russian emperor, however subservient or enslaved he may have shown himself at Tilsit and Erfurth, will, we imagine, temporise, and finally join the successful side.
[Translated for the Aurora.]
OFFICIAL PAPERS.
Accompanying the report of M. Champagny, secretary of state, to the emperor Napoleon.
No. 3.—Letter from the count de Champagny, to count de Metternich, Austrian ambassador at Paris.
“BAYONNE, July 16, 1808.
“Mr. Ambassador.—A Polish officer, M. Young, lieutenant of the 2d regiment of Polish infantry, proceeding to Galicia on family affairs, has been arrested, although he was furnished with a passport in every respect regular. Marshal Davoust has three times applied for his release, to count de Neipperg, colonel commandant of the Austrian frontier in Galicia, reminding him that the passport delivered to Mr. Young, was such as count Neipperg had desired for any of the military entering Galicia, a complaint which induced the hope that all who should have such passports should be free from interruption or vexation. Those complaints, however, have been in vain, and Mr. Young, whose papers have been seized, is still under arrest. I am ordered to require of you, sir, his release.
“It is difficult to make this requisition, without expressing, at the same time, if not complaints, at least regret, at the conduct of the agents of the Austrian government in Galicia, with respect to the duchy of Warsaw. The communications become every day more and more difficult; heretofore the subject has been, with great difficulty, overlooked. The supplies destined for the grand duchy have been interrupted; and excessive rigor has been exercised towards all Frenchmen and the lands they occupy—a rigor such as no other strangers experience; and at a time too, when France has adopted every measure calculated to promote not only the external safety, but the internal tranquility, of the Austrian provinces. The Austrian government has not experienced the least inquietude respecting the one or the other.
“Can we but be astonished at these new dispositions, and the admission into Trieste of three American vessels, which are so well known to be laden with British merchandise from Malta and England, that no one in that city entertains a doubt on this subject? What are we to think of the noise of war, which originates in Vienna and resounds throughout Germany; of those preparations, which are announced in all the newspapers; of the movements of the troops in Galicia, who are concentrated into a corps d'armee; of similar movements that are announced in Bohemia; in short, what are we to conclude from the levy of a national guard, and at the back of that, the organization of a militia, as if the Austrian monarchy was draining all her resources to strike a great blow, or to secure herself from a great danger? And all this, sir, whilst you know, and your government proclaims, that it is in a state of profound peace; that it is in the most perfect harmony with all its neighbours; that France, in particular, asks nothing, claims nothing belonging to Austria, nor has any present or distant view calculated to excite the least inquietude. Our surprise is such, that it was impossible for me to express it, although otherwise it would not have been the subject of the present note, which was intended merely to state a particular fact. Can all this, and we are now willing to believe it does, originate in a spirit of malevolence? But, however we may doubt, it is difficult not to believe that such a spirit governs the conduct of some agents of your government, who suppose they serve or gratify it, by representing its intentions in a different light from that in which we wish to view them.
“I eagerly embrace every opportunity to offer to your excellency, the assurances,” &c.
No. 2.—Special letter from the count de Champagny, to his excellency count de Metternich.
“BAYONNE, July 16, 1808.
“Sir Count.—And I, also, I wish to converse with you in a confidential manner, as I am flattered by the overtures which you have made for that purpose. The subjoined note, relative to a particular fact, which I am charged to mention to you, affords me an opportunity to express myself relative to the warlike preparations in the Austrian dominions, which are not only announced in all the newspapers, but in the correspondence from all the courts of Germany. Several of those measures are avowed by your government. They are strongly contrasted with the profound state of peace, as well as the intimate union that exists between all the powers of the continent. I have already said something on the subject, without making it the subject of a special note.
“What do you propose by thus disturbing a great part of Germany? If you desire to maintain peace, and we admit no doubt on that point, what those hostile appearances? One of the blessings of peace is the security it confers; and many of the unhappy
wars, that have been of late originated in the preparations made, often without any intention of commencing war, but which excited apprehensions. I offer, sir, these reflections, to your good disposition, to the uprightness of your views; they originate in the lively desire, with which we are both animated, to maintain a perfect harmony between our governments; such a result, flowing from our common exertion, would be most flattering to me.
“I pray your excellency to accept, &c.”
No. 3.—Letter from count de Champagny to M. count de Metternich.
“TOULOUSE, July 27, 1808.
“Mr. Ambassador.—A particular affair afforded me an opportunity to address you briefly respecting the military preparations of your government. But when every day gives them more reality and importance, it is my duty to explain myself to you in a manner more explicit, though confidential, until the emperor shall order me to present an official communication on the subject.
“What does your government desire?—Why does it disturb the tranquility of the continent. It not only arms, but takes such extreme measures, as could only be justified by extreme danger. Your princes traverse the provinces; they call on the people to defend the country; the whole population between the ages of 18 and 45, are put under arms; one part of the militia is called to reinforce the standing army; every thing is in motion in the Austrian monarchy. Your own people, for whose defence you announced the war, are in alarm; your neighbors were alarmed at those preparations. It is every where asked—what does Austria want? What enemy threatens her? What danger has she perceived? Why does she seem as if she were on the brink of an abyss, and prepare for combat as if her existence were at stake?
“And you know, that far from menacing Austria, we ask nothing but to remain in peace with you, and that you should unite with us against the common enemy; that we make no pretensions to any thing you possess, and that we greatly prize a state of perfect harmony between us. But you must foresee as well as I do, that the preparations of Austria, remarked by all Europe, will have their effects. To this moment the emperor would wish to remain ignorant of them; but notwithstanding, prudence dictates that he should adopt measures of defence. Particularly charged to watch over the safety of the Rhenish confederation, he will find it necessary to be on his guard; he will call out the contingents; and will himself march his troops from the interior towards the Rhine. On all sides, we shall be under arms; and in such a state of things, a single spark will be sufficient to produce a blaze.
“Does Austria seriously wish for war? What advantage does she hope for? We are sure she has no aid or countenance to expect from Russia; the aid that England can render, will be very moderate indeed; she will not have an ally on the continent.—If she does not intend to make war, why that excessive expense, which drains her finances, which produces such an effect upon her exchange, which threatens the annihilation of her paper credit? Why interrupt the course of her internal prosperity, which begins to be so flourishing? Why give us uneasiness, alarm Europe by the fear of a renewal of the war, and estrange from her the emperor, who will be less disposed to ask her countenance in the arrangements of Europe? Surely, she will not reproach us, if we take a hostile and menacing attitude; it is a warning that Austria will raise between France and herself, since France has given every proof of a desire to live with her in the most perfect harmony.
“You, sir, value the preservation of that harmony, and you know that it is, not less the object of my wishes. Do all you can, that our wishes may be gratified: enlighten your government as to our dispositions, which surely afford no cause for apprehensions; and as to the effects of those measures, which your government is advised to adopt. Those who advise you to adopt them are not your true friends; foes to the repose of Europe, they would plunge their country in a long train of evils. I hope that you will be able to prevent them.
“I should esteem myself even happier, should this letter, which I write to you with a freedom, authorized by our particular relations, have the salutary effect of preserving between our governments that happy concord, which their own interests, not less than the interests of Europe, and of humanity, prescribe.
“Accept, &c.”
“P. S. Should you, sir, have any doubts of the truth of the facts stated in this letter, I might appeal, not only to an immense number of the letters of our merchants, which all convey apprehensions of seeing Austria engage in war, but the official papers published by your government. For example, I refer you to the proclamation circulated at Trieste, by the archduke John, and the count de Saurau, in which it was said to the inhabitants of Trieste, that although they were not bound by the laws, to enrol themselves in the militia, it was, nevertheless, their duty, as good subjects, to obey the call of their sovereign, when individual and publick safety, as well as the tranquility of the hereditary states, required it; and this appeal was made in the same act, in which they were called on to recollect the devotion and fidelity they had often exhibited on former occasions. The remainder of this article, related to such measures for discipline and military exercises, as a country invaded would prescribe to its inhabitants as the only means for their defence.”
No. 4.—Note from Count de Metternich to Count de Champagny.
“PARIS, July 22, 1808.
“The undersigned has received the note, which his excellency the minister for foreign affairs, did him the honour to address to him, and which was dated the 16th July.
“He hastened to transmit to his court, the demand in favour of Mr. Young, lieutenant of the 2d regiment of Polish infantry. The fact that (notwithstanding the regularity of the passports with which that officer was furnished, and which obtained for him admission into Galicia without any difficulty) he was placed under arrest, unfortunately proves to the undersigned that it must have been his personal conduct, which provoked the interference of the police against him. What that conduct was, the undersigned will without doubt hasten to get information of, in order that he may be able to furnish to his excellency M. de Champagny every explanation relative to that affair. The interest which the court of France takes in the case of this individual, is sufficient in every respect to excite that of his imperial, royal, and apostolic majesty.
“The preparations which appear to have been made in the duchy of Warsaw, respecting the great difficulty attending different exportations from the Austrian monarchy, can, if really some privations have been experienced, only relate to administrative measures, which the undersigned does not hesitate to declare to be general, and to apply to all the countries bordering on the province, where such measures may have been put into execution. He knows too well the tenor of the instructions given to all the chiefs of the provinces, to admit for a moment the possibility of partial prohibitions or obstacles, being exercised against no other country but that occupied by the French troops. The government of Galicia, besides, has been for too long a time tested, to be suspected in a moment of peace, of a partiality, that never could be imputed to it, even when the
former of these measures was in force. The proofs of this fact have been produced by the emperor Napoleon himself.
“The court of Vienna is far from desiring the measures taken by France, in the duchy of Warsaw, for establishing tranquility and harmony with its neighbours; and it were desirable, without doubt, that the same views and sentiments were there exclusively, which influenced all the authorities and people of that new state. But, without attributing more to those last than they deserve, his imperial, royal, and apostolic majesty will not cease to instruct the administrations of his provinces, to behave towards all his neighbours with the most exact impartiality; and there is no person employed, who ought not on his side to take care to enter completely into the views of his court, in interpreting its orders in a sense the most strict in favour of places occupied by French troops.
“The undersigned, being equally eager to call the attention of his court to this subject, embraces the occasion to tender the assurances, &c.”
No. 5.
Special letter from Count de Metternich to Count de Champagny.
“PARIS, July 22, 1808.
“Your excellency has done perfect justice to my intentions and principles: of this your last special letter has afforded me a flattering proof, and how can I better repay your confidence than by completely gratifying the wishes you have expressed?
“You require explanations relative to the warlike preparations that are announced, not only in the newspapers, but in the correspondence from all the courts of Germany; respecting the noise of war originating in Vienna and resounding throughout the provinces; in short, respecting the measures which have been for some time past developed in the interior of the Austrian monarchy. There is not one of those points, on which I am not well informed, or on which I would not willingly express myself; I will not, however, separate them; our measures of interior administration have no connection with the rumours of war which circulate in Germany and France.
“The Austrian monarchy finds itself in a position entirely different from that, in which those administrative principles are established, according to which it is partly governed. The social institutions have been changed, within the last twenty years, in the greater part of Europe. All the states on this side of the Vistula, the Inn and of Bohemia, have become eminently military; all of them have adopted the principles of a conscription, which embraces the whole of the population. The French system of conscription, that institution by which the French empire has been furnished with so many resources, and which the genius of the emperor has developed and applied, is not only put into execution in two thirds of the continent, but forms one of the principal foundations of the social empire in the constitutions of several new states, particularly the kingdom of Westphalia. It is also introduced into the duchy of Warsaw. Bavaria has established a constitution; and the conscription is there extended, contrary to the ideas, which to this day govern the old states of Germany, to the whole people. All Italy recruits its armies by conscription.
“Austria is one of the first of the states which has determined to complete its armies by conscription: other countries, such as Hungary, &c. were, and yet are, exempt from it; but it was not, nor is it, extended at this time to even the privileged classes of the German provinces. Those exemptions do not form the only point in which consists the great inferiority of our institution compared with that of France: ours is attended with imperfections, that there is no remedy for, since above an eighth part of our army returns every year to their homes, as the terms for which they serve expire. Our army was filled in a great part by men who joined it from the old German states of the empire; that source is cut off; and the evil is felt more sensibly in proportion as the new institutions are adopted in the rest of Europe.
“The perfect state of quiet, the tranquil and satisfactory relations existing between Austria and the powers of the continent, pointed out to her the moment when, after fifteen years of war and agitation, she might at last put into execution, the plans conceived and immediately adopted after the peace of Presburg. She began by a reform the most essential for her internal welfare, and the most urgent because she did not anticipate any results until, after a lapse of several years, she could operate upon the great mass of her subjects. She wished to be able to replace the troops leaving her armies, by soldiers better prepared for service and more accustomed to the use of arms and the words of command, so incomprehensible to the greater part of the recruits raised amongst ten different people. She determined upon the formation of reserves, according to the French institutions, organizing them according to the inferiority of our system of conscription, which she did not wish to abandon entirely. The establishment of reserves was besides recommended from financial considerations: adding to the numbers of such corps, as had already attained their military complement, withdrew the people from agriculture, and preyed upon the treasury of the state.
“But all the citizens of France and of its confederated states, are liable to be called to arms, without any distinction or exception. The inhabitants of the cities or of the country are bound to defend their homes. We also wished to admit the proprietors of the soil and the privileged classes of the nation, to exercise that respectable duty; and we have established in the German provinces a sort of stationary national guard. The constitutional Hungary called, at all times, all classes of society to the defence of the country.
“This is what has been done, and the ordinances published in the months of May and June will explain the whole object of my court. No new corps have been raised; no extraordinary assemblage of troops has taken place, except on the frontiers of Turkey, where the war between the two neighbouring powers calls for it as a measure of security. There is no one in the Austrian monarchy, who mistakes either the spirit which actuates the government in taking those measures, or their object. They have the publick approbation, because the whole nation regards them as necessary to ensure to the country respectable means of defence; and they would accuse the court of an unpardonable neglect, if, in the steps it had taken, it had remained behind those neighbours, who, though to-day in a state of peace, might the next day become its enemies. If some amongst them have been disposed to see, in the reform of ancient institutions, and in measures purely offensive, indications, they may be tranquil, for in those measures themselves they will find the certainty of the preservation of peace. No permanent institution can be considered to possess an offensive character: that state must, from its very nature, be confined to temporary efforts; it has no existence whatever with us. The formation of a reserve, to replace soldiers quitting the army, cannot be considered an offensive measure by any, any more than the introduction of a military conscription into the duchy of Warsaw, into Bavaria, and the confederation of the Rhine, can be so regarded by us. The friendship and interest, which attach Austria to France, the imperious necessity we have for peace, and the known character of our emperor, insure its duration.
“Your excellency has spoken of reports of war,
which have been circulated in some parts of Germany. I am sure that you will not believe that reports which have not been authorized by the court, have any other foundation than the imagination of some individuals, who do not understand the views of the government, and who have arrived at that place, where reports are made publick, of the measures which have been taken for the little duration of them.
“There are, the French corps who have been assembled in Poland, and who, in part, have been assembled in Silesia where all the generals, officers, soldiers, without exception, announce an intended entry into Bohemia; the military of Bohemia and Warsaw, who speak of, what they wish to be believed, their anticipated entry into Galicia; the German newspapers under the control of the censored states, who do not cease, to mention rumours which we are said to demand from France, and of negotiations equally destitute of any foundation or truth. All the reports which his imperial majesty might receive from Paris, would inform him that the early attack upon Austria, was spoken of among the classes of the publick, spoken of for so long a time, and so directly interrupting the peaceful relations between the two courts, that they could not have escaped the vigilance of the government; they would also prove to him my constant anxiety to combat those false reports. I might furnish proofs of the first of those assertions, from the reports of our military commanders in Bohemia, from those of our civil agents employed on all points of our frontiers, and by letters which I received or which I have seen, from all parts of Germany, all of which have the appearance of correctness respecting the reports circulated by the French and confederate military. The publick newspapers above-mentioned, and our own, are in the hands of every body.
“It is several months since I contradicted those rumours, since I pledged myself directly to my court for their falsity, and for the pacific views of the emperor Napoleon, an assurance that cannot have been received with incredulity. If a different interpretation had been given to those reports, the measures which we took would have been those of resistance; but they have been confined to an instruction not to be disturbed by the declarations coming from the French army, and to the preservation of the most perfect tranquility in the interior of the monarchy.
“It was at the period when those alarms, the first authors of which were entirely unknown to me, became generally prevalent, that, deprived of all confidential communication with the court, by which I was accredited, I expressed to the minister of general police my expectation that some encouraging articles relative to the relations between France and Austria, would arrive to strengthen the arguments of my court and my own; a step, which, to the great satisfaction of the former, had all the success which I had a right to expect from a French minister. I notice this fact, because it brings to recollection a circumstance, the object of which was not to tranquilize the Austrian people, respecting the alarms excited from abroad.
“Your excellency does justice to my court in mentioning its efforts to persuade the whole of Europe, that it is in a state of profound peace, and in perfect harmony with its neighbours; that France in particular demands nothing from it, nor pretends to any thing belonging to it, and that it has no view, present or remote, that should give it the least inquietude. Such is really our state of security; such is the conviction that, has so long induced us to disregard, what stock-jobbing furnishes to the injury of the state, the rumours generally circulated in places occupied by French troops, and in the states of the confederation of the Rhine. Otherwise I would not have taken a step, which, if your excellency had been at Paris, would have afforded me a new opportunity to prove to you, that the only desire which animates, is that of maintaining the most perfect harmony between our two governments.
“I presume that my note, of this day, relative to the American vessels, will have given all the information that his imperial and royal majesty desired. I shall hasten to communicate to him, the result of the new enquiry, which the emperor has directed, and for which the documents have been forwarded from Trieste to Vienna.
“Your excellency will receive without doubt, a new denunciation respecting a direct intercourse between Austria and England. An English truce is arrived at Trieste; this is a fact, upon which the consul will not be mistaken. Far from hesitating, I am eager to remove confidentially, and before-hand, the reports which will be forwarded to Bayonne on this subject. The flag of truce was dispatched by admiral Collingwood, in consequence of advice received by the commandant of the British forces in the Mediterranean, of the insurrection in Arragon, and of the proclamation of Palafox; and it was charged with a single letter, from the admiral to the archduke Charles, which, referring to what it was supposed his royal highness already knew respecting that proclamation, offered him a helpline to convey him to Spain. The whole of that mission did not merit an answer; the commander of the flag of truce, was told there was no answer for him, and that he must depart without one.
“Proud of the union, which your excellency has proposed to me, of our efforts to maintain harmony between our courts, that proposition as well as the importance of the subject itself, must be my excuse for the length of this letter. I will never vary or deviate from my principles; nor change my measures. If the former perfectly accord with those of your excellency with regard to the benefit that would result from a state of peace, towards which all my views extend, I have no merit for the latter. Convinced that my sentiments would be the better understood, if fully explained, I have been anxious to say too much rather than too little.
“I embrace this opportunity, with pleasure, to renew, &c.”
(Signed)
METTERNICH. (To be continued.)
ARRIVED.
Schooner Catharine Shepherd, 47 days from Antigua, Sam and Fruit. H. Allmond. Left there July 6. Sails Commerce, Crowder, Alexandria; Brigs Louisa, M'Namara, Alexandria, to call in 8 days; Sally and Eliza, Bell, do.; Adeline, Peter, George-Town, in a few days; Venus, Harriet, New-York; Sally, Watts, Boston; Olive, Brigs Newcom, New-Haven; Laura, Ward, New-Haven; Schooners Ann Maria, Weston, Eastport, in a few days; Maria, M'Nabb, George-Town; Favourite, Jackson, North Carolina; Danubius, Dreyer, Rhode Island; Mary and Francis, Wickford, Connecticut; Walter, Salem; Euphrates, Boston; Emma, Warington; Gardner, New-Bedford; Robert Smith, Salem; Mary, do. Brigs, 10 days from Antigua, from St. Kitts, do. 10 days; Brigs Lido, Lewis, 55 days from Martinique, to Charleston.
For Philadelphia.
Schooner Wilson, Boston, 10 days from Antigua, to call in 8 days; Brigs, 10 days from Antigua, from St. Kitts, do. 10 days; Brigs Lido, Lewis, 55 days from Martinique, to Charleston.
July 15.

Eagle Fire Company of New-York.
Office of the Company, No. 59, Wall-Street.
PROPOSALS
For Insuring Houses, Buildings, Stores, Ships in Harbour, Goods, Wares and Merchandise, FROM LOSS OR DAMAGE BY FIRE.
THE Legislature of the state of New-York, having incorporated the Eagle Fire Company of New-York, with a capital of five hundred thousand dollars, (with the liberty of increasing the same, if the business of the company should require it, to one million of dollars,) for the sole purpose of insuring buildings, and every kind of personal property from loss or damage by FIRE; and the capital of five hundred thousand dollars having all been paid, or secured to be paid, according to law: the directors feel a particular satisfaction in offering to their fellow-citizens, throughout the United States, the means of security against that kind of loss which frequently, in an UNEXPECTED MOMENT, invades in destruction the earnings of a life of industry and frugality, and reduces the independent and affluent, together with their families, to poverty and distress. To provide an additional guard against calamities of this nature, has been the primary motive of this Institution; and the directors engage to conduct its concerns, with a fairness, candour and liberality, which will justly entitle it to the confidence and patronage of the public.
No insured person will be liable to make good the losses of others; but in case of fire, the insurer will be fully indemnified. The Company also make good losses on property burnt by lightning.
Classes of Hazards, and Rates of Annual Premiums for Insurance against Fire.
 No. I. HAZARDS OF THE FIRST CLASS. Brick or Stone buildings, covered with slate, tiles, or metal. Goods hazardous, and not hazardous, contained in such buildings. 62 1-2 cents per 100 dollars per annum, for sums not exceeding 10,000 dollars in one risk.  No. II. HAZARDS OF THE SECOND CLASS. Brick or Stone buildings, covered with wood. Goods hazardous, and not hazardous, contained in such buildings. 93 3-4 cents per 100 dollars per annum, for sums not exceeding 10,000 dollars in one risk.  No. III. HAZARDS OF THE THIRD CLASS. Buildings, the sides of which are part of brick or stone, and part of wood. Goods hazardous, and not hazardous, contained in such buildings. 125 cents per 100 dollars per annum, for sums not exceeding 10,000 dollars in one risk.  No. IV. HAZARDS OF THE FOURTH CLASS. Buildings, the sides of which are entirely of wood. Goods hazardous, and not hazardous, contained in such buildings. 187 1-2 cents per 100 dollars per annum, for sums not exceeding 10,000 dollars in one risk.  Ships in Port, or their Cargoes, Ships Repairing or Building, may be insured against Fire. This manner of classing hazards will give a general idea of the rates of insurance, but there will necessarily be an increase of premium in all cases where the local situation, and other circumstances, increase the risk: such as joining, or being contiguous to wooden buildings, or buildings occupied in carrying on hazardous business—distance from water—no engines or firemen in the town, or place, &c. &c. The premium is also, in some cases, to be reduced on wooden buildings in the country, when standing single or detached, or attended with circumstances of peculiar security:—But in all cases, if the sum to be insured on or in the same building exceeds 10,000 dollars, an additional premium will be required. Soap Boilers, Tallow Chandlers, Brewers, Maltsters, Bakers, Rope Makers, Sugar Refiners, Distillers, Chemists, Varnish Makers, Stable Keepers, Tavern Keepers, China, Glass, or Earthenware Sellers, Oil and Colourmen, Turpentine Works, Paper Mills, Printing Houses, Coopers, Carpenters, Cabinet Makers, Coach Makers, Boat Builders, Ship Chandlers, Apothecaries, Theatres, Mills and Machinery, and all Manufactories that use Fire Heat, are deemed extraordinary, and must be particularly described in the policy; and for all such risks an additional premium will be required.
Conditions of Insurance.
 I. All applications for insurance must be made at the office of the company, in writing; and the subject offered for insurance accurately described.  II. If the property offered for insurance is within the district of a surveyor of this company, he will examine and report thereon; but if not within any such district, then the applicant must himself furnish an accurate and just description thereof, of what materials each building is constructed; whether occupied as private dwellings, or how otherwise; where situated; the name of the present occupier; how situated with respect to other buildings. And in the insurance of goods, wares and merchandise, the place where the same are deposited, is to be described; also, whether such goods are of the kind denominated hazardous, and whether any manufacturing is carried on in the premises, all which is to be certified and attested in such manner as the nature of the case may admit. And if any person or persons shall insure his or their buildings or goods, and shall cause them to be described in the policy otherwise than they really are, so as the same be charged at a lower premium than is herein proposed; or if such description be false or fraudulent, such insurance will be void and of no effect.  III. Goods held in trust, or on commission, are to be declared as such; otherwise the policy will not extend to cover such property.  IV. Every Policy of Insurance, made by this Company, shall be sealed with its seal, and signed by the President and Secretary; and the person for whose interest the insurance is made, must be declared and named therein; nor can any Policy, or interest therein, be assigned but by consent of the Company, expressed by endorsement made thereon.  V. No insurance will be considered as made or binding, until the Premium is paid.  VI. Persons insuring Property with this Company, and who have already made other insurance on the same property, shall give notice thereof in writing, at the Company's Office, before, or at the time of the execution of the Policy; and persons who, after insuring Property with this Company, have insurance made on the same property elsewhere, shall, with all reasonable diligence, notify the same in writing at the Office of the Company, and have the same endorsed on the policy, or otherwise acknowledged in writing; in default whereof, the Policy shall cease, and be of no effect; and in case of loss, each party insuring shall be liable to the payment of a ratable proportion of the loss or damage which may be sustained.  VII. No loss or damage by fire will be paid, that may happen or take place in consequence of any invasion, civil commotion, riot, or military or usurped power whatever.  VIII. Books of Accounts, Written Securities, Notes, Bills, Bonds, Deeds, Ready Money, or Bullion, cannot be insured.  IX. Jewels, Plate, Medals, or other Curiosities, Paintings and Sculptures, are not included in any insurance, unless such articles are specified in the policy.  X. All persons insured by this Company, submitting any loss or damage by fire, are forthwith to give notice to the Company, and at once, after as possible, to deliver in as particular an account of their loss or damage, signed with their own hands, of the nature of the case will admit of, and make good of the same by their oath or affirmation, and by their Books of Accounts, and other paper vouchers, as shall be reasonably required; and shall make oath, whether any and what other insurance is made on the same property; and shall procure a certificate, under the hand of a magistrate, notary public, or clergyman, testifying to the spot where the fire happened, and not concerned in such loss; that they are acquainted with the character and circumstances of the person or persons insured; and do know, or very well believe, that the loss, if any, really, and by misfortune, and without fraud or will practice, have sustained by such fire, and that the amount therein mentioned; and, with such affidavits and certificates are produced, the loss shall not be payable—Also, if there appears any fraud, or 
False swearing, the claimant shall forfeit his claim to restitution or payment, by virtue of his policy. XI. In case any difference shall arise touching any loss or damage, it may be submitted to the judgment of Arbitrators, indifferently chosen, whose award in writing shall be binding on the parties. And when any loss or damage shall happen, the company shall pay for the same, in sixty days after the loss shall have been ascertained and proved, without allowance of discount, fees, or any deduction whatever. XII. Insurance may be made for seven years, by paying the premium for six years, and for a less number of years than seven, a reasonable discount will be allowed.
The Subscriber being appointed Surveyor for the Eagle Fire Company, upon application, will survey, and value, such buildings, (or property contained therein) upon which insurance may be required. Francis Foster, Church-Street, Norfolk. Feb 13
Genuine Patent and Family Medicines,
Celebrated for the cure of most diseases to which the human frame is liable.
Prepared by T. W. DYOTT, M. D.
THE CELEBRATED
Stomachic Elixir of Health.
(Price one dollar and Fifty Cents)
Which has proved by thousands, who have experienced its beneficial effects, to be the most valuable medicine ever offered to the public; for speedy relieving and curing the cramp, pains, and wind in the stomach and bowels, carrying off superfluous bile, removing habitual costiveness, sickness at the stomach, severe head aches, &c.
For the dysentery or flux, cholera morbus, severe gripings, and other diseases of the bowels, and the summer bowel complaint in children, it has proved a certain remedy, and restored to perfect health from the greatest debility.
Persons afflicted with pulmonary complaints, or disorders of the breast and lungs, even in the most advanced state, will find immediate relief.
Common coughs and colds, which are generally occasioned by cold and draft, will be found to yield to its benign influence in a few hours.
In asthmatic or consumptive complaints, horseflesh, wheezings, shortness of breath, and the hooping cough, it will give immediate relief.
Patent Stomachic Wine Bitters.
(Price One Dollar.)
These celebrated and well known Bitters are composed purely of vegetables of the most innocent yet specific virtues, and are particularly recommended for reforming weak constitutions, cleansing and strengthening the stomach, and increasing the appetite; they expel worms in all ages, but from their simplicity and safety, are a most natural and effectual vermifuge, when administered to children; they are gratefully warm, and pungently aromatic; they are extremely serviceable in all fevers, but particularly so on the approach of warm weather, when bilious habits experience such a loss of appetite; they are also a certain preventative against those complaints so common in the spring and fall seasons, such as intermittent fevers and agues, long autumnal fevers, dysenteries, &c.
DR. ROBERTSON'S Vegetable Nervous Cordial,
OR, Nature's Grand Restorative,
Is confidently recommended as the most efficacious medicine, for the speedy relief and cure of all nervous complaints, impurities of the blood, seminal weakness, and various complaints, resulting from dissipated pleasures, residence in warm climates, the immoderate use of tea, the unskilful or excessive use of mercury, and diseases peculiar to females at a certain period of life.
DR. ROBERTSON'S Celebrated Gout & Rheumatic Drops.
A safe and effectual cure for the gout, rheumatism, lumbago, stone and gravel, swellings and weakness of the joints, sprains, bruises, and all kinds of green wounds; the cramp, pains in the head, face and body, stiffness of the neck, chilblains, frozen limbs, &c.
Since the above invaluable medicines were first discovered by Dr. Robertson, upwards of Seven Hundred Thousand Persons have experienced their happy and salutary effects, many of whom from the greatest debility. These Medicines, which by being timely administered, will prevent the progress of many fatal diseases.
The Proprietor wishes to afford every information relative to the efficacy of the above Medicines in a small compass by exhibiting a list of exemplary cures, attested by respectable characters, for the satisfaction and encouragement of the afflicted; for which purpose such cures have been selected at different times and been inserted, as might display the alternative power of physics. But as the number of cases are now become so numerous, I am obliged, instead of identifying the particulars, only to print an abstract of several testimonies, referring the reader to peruse the pamphlet, left at the Book-Store of Messrs. BONSAL, CONRAD, & Co. Norfolk. June 9.
A BARGAIN OFFERED, In a fine and Valuable FARM, in the County of Princess Anne.
THE Subscriber is disposed to sell his Plantation called LEVEL GREEN, situated in the county of Princess Anne. It contains about 500 acres; and, as it may be advantageously divided into two or three Farms, the subscriber will accommodate a purchaser, in selling either the whole or a part. He will also give a long credit. This tract of Land is certainly the most desirable in the county, lying on the Eastern branch of Elizabeth River, and distant from Norfolk Market only five or six miles by water, and 8 or 9 by land. The soil is excellent, about one half of the tract being cleared land, and fit for immediate culture; the other heavily timbered with Oak, Pine, Ash, and Hickory. It has also the advantage of several good landings. Any one disposed to view the land, and to purchase, may apply, in the absence of the subscriber, to JAMES ROBINSON, or JOHN READ, who reside in the neighbourhood. Tully Robinson. Dec. 7.
Just Received, A few bales very fine India Cottons, suitable for Sheetings, Nakeen of superior quality; Bandanna Handkerchiefs, Sewing Silks; Russia Sheetings, &c. For Sale by Wood & Hastings. May 3.
THE SUBSCRIBER Wishes to Sell, and will Sell or Rent on moderate terms,
That very excellent Wharf and Lot, in the town of Gosport, at present occupied by William Smith, the Wharf, Warehouse, and Dwelling-House are all in good repair.
Thirteen Lots in the Town of Suffolk; and the following Property in Norfolk,
Two good Fire-Proof Warehouses on the Eastern side of Commerce-Street, Nos. 4 and 6. Two Dwelling-Houses and Lots on South-street, in good repair, and very pleasantly situated.
Apply to John Granbery, September 14.
133 boxes white Havanna SUGARS, 143 do. brown Havanna SUGARS, The Cargo of the Brig Louisiana Packet—For Sale by C. & F. Whittle.
In Store, 70,000 wt. St. Domingo COFFEE, 200 boxes Raisins, 120 bales Sea Island and Upland Cotton. May 17.
Green Coffee and Loaf Sugar, 20,000 lb. choice Green COFFEE, 8,000 do. first quality Philadelphia Loaf SUGAR. For Sale on reasonable terms by Donaldson, Thorburn, & Co. March 22.
For Sale by the Subscriber, 10,000 weight NAVY BREAD, 6000 do. Ship do. 5000 do. Superfine Pilot do. 105 quarter barrels Crackers.
Pilot Bread of superior quality for family use. George Reid. June 9.
NOTICE.
The Subscriber desires all persons who have claims against him to present them for settlement, and those who are indebted to him are requested to make immediate payment. John Hamilton. July 3.
FOR SALE,
2 Carriages and 6 excellent HORSES,
2 Shires in the Norfolk Theatre, 1 Pew in the Episcopal Church, 1 Pew in the Presbyterian Church, Household and Kitchen Furniture; 9 Milch Cows, 1 Tract of Land in Wake County, N. C. 640 acres, 1 Tract of Land in Granville County, N. C. 700 acres, A Negro Family, consisting of a valuable Gardener, his wife and three small children.
Should the above mentioned articles not be disposed of in a short time at private sale, they will be Sold at Publick Auction—payment will be taken in Tobacco at the market price, or in Newbern and Cape Fear Bank Notes. For further particulars apply to William H. Thompson. July 3.
FOR RENT,
A small but convenient HOUSE,
Pleasantly situated on Smith's Point, adjoining Mrs. Brunet's, and lately occupied by Mr. John Newell. It has a large yard, the privilege of an excellent pump, and other conveniencies annexed. W. MAXWELL. June 30.
FOR SALE,
A very valuable Tract of LAND,
Containing eleven hundred acres, situated at the mouth of York River, in Gloucester County, remarkably pleasant and healthy, abounding with the finest fish, oysters, and wild fowl. The soil is well adapted to the culture of corn, small grain, tobacco and cotton; there is about 400 acres cleared and under good fences—the range for stock of all kinds is equal if not superior to any, having a large firm salt marsh attached to it. The timber is fully sufficient for the use of the plantation. The improvements are a good Overseer's House, an excellent Barn, Corn, and Negro Houses. Should have no objection to divide the Land, so as to suit purchasers, provided the whole could be sold—one third of the purchase money will be wanted in cash, the balance will be made easy; a great bargain may be had in the purchase, and the privilege of sowing 130 acres in small grain in the fall, which is now in corn; possession at Christmas next.
Any person who may wish to purchase, it is presumed will view the premises, which will be shown by Mr. William Thornton, who resides on the plantation, or the Subscriber, William K. Perrin. Gloucester County, June 24, 1809.
Ten Dollars Reward.
RANAWAY from the Subscriber on the 12th of last month, a Negro Lad named ARGYLE; he is light complexion, about 20 years of age, inclined to be tall and well made, wears his hair plated before; he has several scars about his face, one is recollectable to be on the upper part of his forehead, when his hair is long before it will nearly cover the scar. The Subscriber purchased this lad from Mr. Wilson J. Cary of this place; I am informed that Col. Wilson M. Cary bound this lad to a Mr. Moffit, of Norfolk, to learn the Barber's business, and lived with Mr. Moffit three or four years. I will give the above reward to any person who will deliver him to me, or secure him in any jail so that I get him, besides paying reasonable expenses. Owners and masters of vessels are forwarded from employing the above negro, or carrying him out of this state, as the law will be rigidly enforced against those who may offend. John Coke. Williamsburg, July 6.
THE COMMISSIONERS
For Paving the Streets in Norfolk, are desirous to contract for as much clean coarse Sand as shall be necessary for the paving of Market-Street; and also for 50 to 100 tons of coarse Gravel. They would prefer the delivery to be upon the spot as the pavers progress, but if this cannot be done, it may be laid upon the wharf nearest to the work. Ready cash will be paid for it as fast as it is delivered. June 26.
Richard Jeffrey & Co.
No. 66, Main-street, corner of Bank-Street, have just received from London, per the ship Flamer,
An assortment of MEDICINES,
of the first quality. Also, a few hundred weight refined Salt Petre, Hardham's Snuff, No. 9, and 37, in 1-2 and 1-4 pound canisters, Violat, Benzoin, Windsor and Shaving Soap, Evan's best Crown Lancasters, Tooth Brushes of superior kind, Refined Liquorice, &c. They have on hand, and are in daily expectation of receiving from Amsterdam, all kinds of GLASS WARE, suitable to Apothecaries.
MEDICINE CHESTS
for shops and family use, with printed directions, put up a usual
FOR RENT,
The House and Lot on Catharine-Street, adjoining Mr. John Taylor's, the garden ground is extensive and rich. Also, a Small House and Blacksmith's Shop on Rothery's Wharf—Possession may be had immediately. Apply to John Nivison. June 28.
Bills on London,
For Sale by J. & W. Southgate. May 8.
NOTICE.
All those having claims against the Estate of JOHN CALVERT, deceased, are hereby requested to bring them in properly attested; and all persons indebted to the same, to make immediate payment to Richard Taylor, Executor. June 19.
NOTICE.
THE Partnership of T. & W. A. ARMISTEAD is this day dissolved by consent of parties. The settlement of its concerns devolve on W. A. ARMISTEAD, who is authorised to grant discharges, and on whom all persons having claims against the Firm, are requested to call. January 8.
W. A. Armistead and George Kelly, have entered into Co-partnership. Their business will be conducted under the Firm of ARMISTEAD & KELLY. January 16.
Two Valuable FARMS for Sale.
I offer the following Valuable Property for Sale, viz. my Farm in Harvey's Neck, and a Tract of Land lying on the N. E. side of Perquimans River, containing 106 acres (directly opposite the Farm), one other Tract containing 200 acres, lying on the S. W. side of said river, about four miles above the Farm, both these tracts are well timbered.
I will also sell the FARM on which I live, and my wharf and Lots in Edenton, with the improvements. The Farm in Harvey's Neck contains 220 acres, 200 of which are cleared and in a high state of cultivation; in point of fertility of soil, it is not surpassed by any in this part of the state, the soil is well adapted to the cultivation of Wheat and Indian Corn, Wheat in particular, the White Clover grows (almost spontaneously) in the greatest abundance. I have made on this Farm in one season from 50,000 bush. 380 bush of Corn; this place is situated on the S. W. bank of Perquimans River, near the mouth of it, a delightful prospect, in an agreeable neighbourhood; on it is a convenient Dwelling-House, with every necessary out-house. The two Tracts on the same river is considered as appendages to this Farm, for the purpose of supplying it with tall timber, &c.—There is an excellent well of water, and the situation is considered to be as healthy as any in that part of the country; with the farm may be 150 head of hogs, 40 or 50 head of cattle, horses, oxen, and all the farming utensils, &c.
The Farm on which I live, contains 500 acres, 200 of which are cleared and under good fence and in prime order, the rest is covered with good timber; the soil is well adapted to the cultivation of wheat and corn, and with very little labour from 30 to 40 acres might be cultivated in Rice to great advantage; it is supposed (and I have no doubt of it) that this place would admit of having one of the best Herring and Shad Fisheries in this state, and could be carried on very extensively at a small expense; the situation is excelled by none, it lies on the bank of Albemarle Sound, being the N. E. point of the bay of Edenton, 4 miles by water and 5 by land from the town; it is an elevated situation and very healthy; there is on the Farm a convenient Dwelling-House and every necessary out-house, a most excellent well of water, a number of choice fruit trees, and a large garden newly inclosed, which affords the greatest abundance of vegetables of every kind necessary for family use. This Farm is a most desirable situation for a gentleman who wishes to retire with his family on a country seat. With the Farm may be had from 10 to 20 valuable negroes, 75 to 100 head of sheep, 50 head of cattle, 100 to 200 head of hogs, horses, oxen, and every necessary implement of husbandry.
The Wharf and Lots in Edenton is one of the best situations in town for shipping business and a retail store; a large Ware-House three stories high, stands on the head of the wharf, and several other houses. The property will be shown, and the terms (which will be very moderate) will be known by applying to me. JOHN SKINNER. Moseley's Point, June 4, 1809.
FOR RENT,
That large and commodious
Three Story Fire Proof House,
on Wide Water-Street, at the head of Rothery's wharf, lately occupied by Messrs. Noble and Arbuthnott & Co. as a Shipchandlery Store. Apply to Lilias M'Pherson. May 12.
LANDING
On Marsden's Wharf, the Cargo of the Brig
Nancies, Robert Barclay, master, consisting of
High flavoured RUM and good re-
tailing MOLASSES, For Sale for approved paper. Apply to
Caton & Veale. June 22.
Boot and Shoe Manufactory.
SAMUEL COLEMAN,
Opposite the Market, (westward) has received by captain Lewis, on Monday last from Philadelphia, a large quantity of the best
Boot Legs, Vamps, Tops, &c.
that has (probably) ever been in Norfolk.
With the Philadelphia Upper Leather for Boots—the choice of Soles and other Leather here—good workmanship—great attention to appointments—a regular bred foreman—and a tolerable supervisor. He has already furnished and will continue to furnish, better Boots and Shoes and better treatment to customers than has been rendered here by any person in this way; on these conditions only he expects custom.
He has now from Baltimore, &c. three good HANDS for Ladies' Work, and a good flock of KID and MOROCCO; all the materials and workmanship shall be good, or an allowed price made for that which is not; but the greatly increased price of all the materials, and the high price of labour in this way, will not admit of the Shoes being sold at the price of the run-work, generally offered for sale here. He is now getting almost all kinds of Boots & Shoes made. The advantage of getting Boots and Shoes made in the place of good materials and workmanship, where the responsibility of the manufacturer is bound, is too obvious not to be seen except by those who have eyes and will not see.
He has on hand a large assortment of Boots, where gentlemen may be fitted at any time, with a certainty of getting such as are good, as he has no run-work done, and a large assortment of Shoes of nearly all kinds. His terms are cash only.
A LEASE
For the eligible PROPERTY
he now occupies is to be disposed of—it has about three and an half years to run.
Martin's Double Brand FLOUR,
in barrels and half barrels, manufactured solely for family use. July 6.
JOHN PENDRED'S
Boot and Shoe Manufactory,
No. 70, MAIN-STREET.
The publick are respectfully informed, that he has furnished himself with a quantity of the choicest materials in his line of business, and has in employ some of the best workmen in the borough, and having been long experienced in the business himself, his factory will not be conducted by proxy; he therefore hopes to merit the patronage of the gentlemen of Norfolk and its vicinity, and assures them that no pains shall be wanting on his part to give satisfaction to those who favour him with their commands. N. B. Orders for Double Hacksaps, single do. and Cossacs, executed with the greatest dispatch. August 1.
NORFOLK:
PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A-WEEK, BY WILLIAM DAVIS.
FOR THE PROPRIETOR,
Opposite the Exchange Coffee-House.
Price Six Dollars Yearly, in advance.