Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1808-02-04 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE And PUBLICK LEDGER  IN THIC ETIAM SUA PRÆMIA LAUDIS
VOL. IV.]
THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 4, 1808.
[NO 86
Continuation of documents referred to in the message of the President in pursuance of the resolution of the House of representatives, respecting gen. Wilkinson.
Extract from a paper on the commerce of Louisiana, supposed to be referred to in a letter from Mr. Daniel Clarke, to the secretary of state, of the 18th April 1798, and written by him.
About the period of which we are now speaking, in the middle of the year 1787, the foundation of an intercourse with Kentucky, and the settlements on the Ohio, was laid, which daily increases. Previous to that time, all those who ventured on the Mississippi had their property seized by the first commanding officer whom they met, and little or no communication was kept up between the countries. Now and then an emigrant who wished to settle in Natchez, by dint of entreaty, and solicitation of friends who had interest in New Orleans, procured permission to remove there with his family, slaves, cattle, furniture and farming utensils; but was allowed to bring no other property, except cash. An unexpected incident, however, changed the face of things and was productive of a new line of conduct. The arrival of a boat belonging to gen. Wilkinson, loaded with tobacco, and other productions of Kentucky, is announced in town, and a guard immediately sent on board of it. The general's name had hindered this being done at Natchez, as the commandant was fearful that such a step might be displeasing to his superiors, who might wish to show some respect to the property of a general officer; and at any rate the boat was proceeding to Orleans, and they would then resolve on what measures they ought to pursue, and put in execution. The government, not much disposed to show any mark of respect or forbearance towards the general's property, he not having at that time arrived, was about proceeding in the usual way of confiscation, when a merchant in Orleans who had considerable influence there, and who was formerly acquainted with the general, represented to the governor that the measures taken by the intendant, would very probably give rise to disagreeable events; that the people of Kentucky were already exasperated at the conduct of the Spaniards, in seizing on the property of all those who navigated the Mississippi, and if this system was pursued, they would very probably, in spite of congress and the executive of the U. States, take upon themselves to obtain the navigation of the river by force, which they were well able to do, a measure for some time before much dreaded by this government, which had no force to resist them, if such a plan was put in execution. Hints were likewise given that Wilkinson was a very popular man, who could influence the whole of that country, and probably that the sending of a boat before him, with a wish, that she might be seized, was but a snare at his return to influence the minds of the people; and having brought them to the point he wished induce them to appoint him their leader, and then like a torrent spread over the country and carry fire and desolation from one end of the province to the other.
Governor Miro, a weak man unacquainted with the American government, ignorant even of the position of Kentucky, with respect to his own province, but alarmed at the very idea of an eruption of Kentuckymen, whom he feared without knowing their strength, communicated his wishes to the intendant that the guard might be removed from the boat, which was accordingly done, and a Mr. Patterson, who was the agent of the general, was permitted to take charge of the property on board, and to sell it free of duty. The general on his arrival in Orleans some time after, informed of the obligation he lay under to the merchant who had impressed the government with such an idea of his importance and influence at home, waited on him and in concert with him formed a plan for their future operations. In this interview with the governor, that he might not seem to derogate from the character given of him by appearing concerned in so trifling a business, as a boat load of tobacco, hams and butter, he gave him to understand, that the property belonged to many citizens of Kentucky, who availing themselves of his return to the Atlantic states by way of Orleans wished to make a trial of the temper of this government, as on his arrival might inform his own, what steps had been pursued under his eye, that adequate measures might be afterwards taken to procure satisfaction. He acknowledged with gratitude the attention and respect manifested by the governor towards himself in the favour shown to his agent; but at the same time mentioned, that he would not wish the governor to expose himself to the anger of his court, by refraining from seizing on the boat and cargo, as it was but a trifle, if such were the positive orders from court, and that he had not a power to relax them according to circumstances. Convinced by this discourse, that the general
rather wished for an opportunity of embroiling affairs, than sought to avoid it, the governor became more alarmed. For two or three years before, particularly since the arrival of commissioners from Georgia, who had come to Natchez to claim that country, he had been fearful of an invasion at every annual rise of the waters, and the news of a few boats being seen was enough to alarm the whole province. He resolved in his mind what measures he ought to pursue (consistent with the orders he had from home to permit the free navigation of the river) in order to keep the Kentucky people quiet, and in his succeeding interviews with Wilkinson, having procured more knowledge than he had hitherto acquired of their character, population, strength and dispositions, he thought he could do nothing better than hold out a bait to Wilkinson to use his influence in restraining the people from an invasion of this province, till he could give advice to his court and require further instructions. This was the point to which the parties wished to bring him, and being informed that in Kentucky two or three crops were on hand, for which, if an immediate vent was not found, the people could not be kept within bounds, he made Wilkinson the offer of a permission to import on his own account, to New Orleans free of duty, all the productions of Kentucky, thinking by this means to conciliate the good will of the people without yielding the point of navigation, as the commerce carried on would appear the effect of an indulgence to an individual which could be withdrawn at pleasure. On consultation with his friends, who well knew what further concessions Wilkinson could extort from the fears of the Spaniards, by the promises of his good offices in preaching peace, harmony, and good understanding with this government, until arrangements were made between Spain and America, he was advised to insist that the governor should insure him a market for all flour and tobacco he might send, as in the event of an unfortunate shipment, he would be ruined whilst endeavouring to do a service to Louisiana. This was accepted. Flour was always wanted in New Orleans, and the king of Spain had given orders to purchase more tobacco for the supply of his manufactories at home, than Louisiana at that time produced, and which was paid for at about $ 9 1-2 dollars per cwt. In Kentucky it cost but two, and the profit was immense. In consequence, the general appointed his friend Daniel Clark his agent there, returned by way of Charleston, in a vessel with a particular permission to go to the U. States, even at the moment of Gardoque's information, and on his arrival in Kentucky bought up all the produce he could collect, which he shipped and disposed of as before mentioned and for some time, all the trade for the Ohio was carried on in his name; a line from him sufficing to insure to the owner of the boat every privilege and protection he could desire. On granting this privilege to Wilkinson, the government came to a resolution to encourage emigration from the western country, and offered passports to all settlers, with an exemption from duty, on all the property they might bring with them, invested in the produce of the country they came from, under the denomination of settlers. All those who had acquaintances with a few persons of influence in Orleans, obtained passports, made shipments to their address, which were admitted free of duty, and under pretence of following shortly after with their families, continued their speculations; others came with their property, had lands granted them, which, after locating, they disposed of, and having finished their business, returned to the United States; a few only remained in the province, and they were the people who, in general, availed themselves least of the immunities granted by the government. They possessed a few slaves and cattle; but had little other property, and they generally settled among their countrymen in the Natchez, and increased the cultivation of tobacco, at that time the principal article raised for export in the district. This encouragement given to emigrants and speculators opened a market for the produce of the Ohio. Flour was imported from Pittsburg, and the farmers finding a vent for all they could raise, their lands augmented in value, their industry increased, and they exported annually to Louisiana, for some time past from 10 to 15,000 barrels of flour, for which they generally found a ready market. When the first adventurers began to purchase, flour was to be had from 18 to 20 shillings Pennsylvania currency per barrel on the Monongahela; but was of a very bad quality, and was only made use of for biscuit, or in times of scarcity. It gradually improved, and in 1792, the best kind was supposed equal to that manufactured in Philadelphia; but being put up negligently, does not keep so long, and for that reason alone is not so much esteemed as Philadelphia flour.
The court of Spain, informed by its officers here of the steps they had taken, and the motives which had induced them, otherwise ig-
norant of the situation of affairs with respect to Kentucky, and consequently easy impressed with the ideas they wished to inculcate: not only approved of what they had done, but granted a further permission to all the inhabitants of the western country to export their produce to Orleans where it was admitted on paying fifteen per cent. duty. This increased the intercourse, as many who would not before adventure while it was a matter of favour granted by the governor, now entered into commercial speculations; and from the Ohio the province of Louisiana was not only supplied with a sufficient stock of flour, whiskey and salted provisions, hemp and latterly cordage, but a considerable quantity of some of them, often was shipped from hence as the produce of this province to Havanna and other Spanish ports: besides these articles, the produce of their lands, dry goods were secretly imported, and sold in the different ports along the river; and although orders were given to the commandant of New Madrid, the first port below the Ohio to prevent such importations, and seize on all who transgressed these orders, it was easily avoided: here the boats gave a manifesto of their cargo, under which a passport was given; this was endorsed by the different commandants on the river, as the boats passed; the owners might sell their cargoes where they pleased, and by the manifest which they were bound to deliver to the government immediately on their arrival at Orleans, their duties were calculated; these duties continued to be exacted at the rate of fifteen per cent. until after the arrival of the baron Carondelet, when under the idea of facilitating certain political ideas of his own, he reduced them on his own authority to six per cent. This measure was highly disapproved of by Gardoque, the master of finance who threatened to make him personally responsible for the difference, and ordered the duties to be placed on their former footing. The baron was not easily diverted from a favourite measure, paid no attention to the minister's first orders; he represented a second time, and again received a more positive order than the first. Despairing of being able to gain his point with him, and determined not to abandon it, he addressed himself to the king thro' the minister of state. His plans were approved of and the duty fixed at six per cent. at which rate it still subsists; and this is the duty exacted on every thing imported from any of the American settlements on the Ohio or Mississippi for sale in New Orleans. This duty is far from being burthensome to the importer, on account of the low rate of estimation, and the facility with which various means a considerable part of it is always avoided. Flour is valued but at four dollars a barrel; first quality tobacco three dollars per cwt. other qualities two, whisky, thirty-seven and half cents per gallon, and salt provisions and other articles at a reasonable rate, as may be seen in the tariff which accompanies this according to which the duties are calculated, and which naturally fall on the consumer. By degrees the importation of flour from Ohio has almost put a final stop to any from the Atlantic states, and we shortly expect that such quantities will be manufactured in the western country, as to permit the merchants of Orleans to enter into competition with those of the middle states at foreign markets. The quantity of different productions imported from the Ohio, since the opening of that trade, has varied considerably from year to year. In the beginning tobacco was the principal export from Kentucky, and at one period from 1500 to 2000 hhds. came down the Mississippi annually for three or four years; they at the same time exported a quantity of butter, lard, and salt provisions. Within the last three years the exportation of tobacco has considerably diminished, and flour seems to take its place. Hemp has likewise been imported from thence in considerable quantities; was formerly reshipped from hence to the Atlantic states; but what now comes is manufactured here. Cordage is likewise imported from Kentucky, where some rope walks are set up; and in future it is to be presumed, that little or no hemp will be exported from New Orleans: for the encouragement of the manufactory here, that article is exempt from duty on importation. In the year 1792, the king ceased purchasing the usual quantities of Tobacco in Louisiana, which was formerly 2,000,000 lbs, on account of some frauds in packing, and the general bad quality of the tobacco; as the planters, sure of having theirs received by the inspectors, on giving a small gratuity, made generally three cuttings, and put in every thing that ever looked like tobacco. This punishment was sensibly felt as a great price was given for it (say 9 1-2 dollars per cwt). This culture ceased immediately on the eastern side of the Mississippi, on this event taking place. The people of Natchez turned their attention to indigo, which they raised with success; but changed this branch for that of cotton, which now forms the staple object of their growth, and bids fair to be
an object of the greatest importance; the crop of last year, from that district, is supposed to exceed 3000 bales of 50 lbs. each, and the average price has been 20 cents per pound.
NATCHEZ, June 4th, 1797.
Sir, As it is probable this will reach you before my dispatches of the 27th of last month, by the way of New Orleans, I have enclosed duplicates.
About seven days ago twenty five Spanish soldiers arrived at this place, where they continued one night, and then proceeded up to the Walnut Hills. On the 28th May I received a letter from governor Gayoso, No. 1, to which I replied on the 31st, No. 2. From governor Gayoso's letter it appears that the baron de Carondelet is not well satisfied with his conduct; they are at this time not on good terms, and the breach has been widened by the artful management of a certain Mr. Power, now at this place, who was last winter intriguing in the state of Kentucky for the Spanish government. He is particularly patronized by the baron. The transactions which the baron alludes to, I suspect are the arrangements I made with governor Gayoso, by which the troops of the United States were brought into this with his consent and apparent approbation. The difficulty of getting them away is now obvious both to himself and the baron, and as it was done without consulting the latter, he feels an inclination to condemn the conduct of the former.
It is now reported by the Spaniards, that a minister plenipotentiary has been sent by the court of Madrid to the United States, to inform our executive that the country and parts now held by his Catholic majesty on the east side of the Mississippi, above the 31st degree of north latitude are not to be given up until a general peace takes place in Europe, and that from the uniform pacific disposition of the United States, there can be no doubt of his success. This report is credited but by few.
The citizens of the United States who are trading on the Mississippi, are frequently treated with great insolence at the Spanish ports, and their property taken for the use of his Catholic majesty when wanted, and always at a reduced price. About three weeks ago, a cargo of flour, consisting of between three and four hundred barrels, was taken at the Walnut Hills from a Mr. McCluny, of Washington county in the state of Pennsylvania, against his will; to be paid for in New Orleans at such price as the officers of government see proper to give, which is generally three dollars per barrel less than the current price in market. A few days ago Mr. Francis Baily, a citizen of the United States, who had lately come on here with some goods, had a tender of a commissary's certificate payable at the treasury in New Orleans, which species of paper was passing at a discount of twelve per cent. Mr. Baily declined taking the certificate as payment for the debt, and appealed to governor Gayoso for redress, who immediately decreed that the tender was legal. These cases are not singular, they are particularized because both the gentlemen mentioned will be in Philadelphia in the course of a few weeks, and I expect will make a point of substantiating the facts: both cases being a violation of the late treaty between his Catholic majesty and the United States.
From the jealous and suspicious disposition of the Spaniards, I do not think it possible that any treaty or compact can be lasting between that nation and our western people, while the former have any possessions on the east side of the Mississippi.
Dr. Watrous is now here; he was on his way from Fort Hamilton on furlough to the state of Connecticut; but captain Pope and myself prevailed upon him to stay with us, till we have some intelligence respecting our continuance in this country.
I am sir, with great esteem And respect your friend and Humble servant,
(Signed) ANDREW ELLICOTT. Secretary of State of the United States.
P. S. At the moment I was folding this, the enclosed proclamation, No. 3, by the baron de Carondelet, was put into my hands. The various and contradictory reasons assigned by the Spanish officers for their delay in carrying the late treaty into effect, are too obvious to need comment.
A. E.
NATCHEZ, June 5, 1797.
Sir, I have this moment received private information that Mr. Powers, who I have mentioned to you in my communication of yesterday, is by order of the baron de Carondelet, to proceed immediately thro' the wilderness to the state of Kentucky. There is every reason to believe that his business is to forward the views of Spain, by detaching the citizens of Kentucky from the union. It has been hinted to me that Mr. Powers will in the first instance, pay a visit to general Wilkinson, who we are informed is now in Cincinnati.
I am, Sir, Your obedient servant, (Signed) ANDREW ELLICOTT. Secretary of State of the United States.
(COPY.)
DARLING'S CREEK, Nov. 8, 1798.
Sir—On the 10th of last month, having opened the boundary between the United States and his catholic majesty, from the Mississippi river to the thin pine country, we ceased carrying the line in that accurate, scientific manner, in which it was begun, and from the end of the line, designated in the report which accompanies this, the work will generally be done with a common surveying com-

pass, and corrected at the different navigable water courses which it may happen to cross.
The line mentioned in the report is opened sixty feet wide, and passes through a country impenetrable to any but Americans. The labour has been equal to what would, in our country, have opened at least one hundred miles. The business, it is evident, will go on with that rapidity we could wish; nothing however will be wanting on our part, and I think it will be completed the ensuing season. Governor Gayoso has evidently been brought into co-operation very reluctantly, and certainly has no desire of having it pushed. Mr. Power, a gentleman well known for his intrigues in Kentucky, and other parts of the United States, is the surveyor on the part of the crown of Spain; he has attended but one week on the line. I do not believe that he will attend another during the execution of the work. He has however, employed a deputy, who is Mr. Daniel Burnet, the same person who carried Mr. Hutchins's papers to congress last winter; he has yet behaved very well. The others employed, major Minor excepted, are of little consequence, except to disorganize and talk politics. The acting commissary is a Mr. Gensack; he was taken by the British at the Cape and carried to Jamaica, from whence he made his escape to the United States, where he found safety; but in the true character of his nation he equally hates both Americans and British. He is sullen, reserved and intriguing. There are no Spaniards concerned in the business, but a few of the common soldiers. Major Minor and Mr. Burnet are Americans. The others, including the labourers, are generally French, or descended from French ancestors, or Roman Catholic Irish. When I look over this strange heterogeneous collection, I cannot help asking this question; "Can the Spaniards really be serious in carrying the treaty into effect?" If they are, it is very extraordinary that there is not one of that nation employed above the rank of a common soldier.
I have always been of opinion that it was a happy circumstance for both countries, that major Minor was appointed the commissioner on behalf of the crown of Spain; his prudence and sound judgment, will, in all probability, enable us to carry the work through, which I am confident would not have been the case, had Mr. Power been appointed to that trust, as was proposed by governor Gayoso, and to which I pointedly objected, as Did Mr. Dumbar also.
If our surveyor had been a man of prudence and talents, our difficulties would have been much less; but his want of information, extreme pride, and ungovernable temper, constantly furnishes the opposite party with weapons. He has insinuated that the work is erroneous, and that major Minor and myself have combined to injure both governments, and wantonly lavish away publick money. He himself has been the only idle person on the side of the United States; his whole attendance on the line as surveyor would not exceed one week. His insinuations, I am confident, would have but little weight with the people of the United States; but the case is very different with the Spaniards, naturally jealous, and uninformed in science; particularly so far as relates to astronomical operations.
On Friday the 12th of last month, general Wilkinson arrived at our camp, and continued with us till Sunday the 14th. We had much conversation on the state and situation of the country; his ideas respecting both appeared very correct, so far as I was able to determine. He informed me that he had seen some of Mr. Freeman's correspondence with captain Guion, which, in his opinion, came fully within the meaning of the late sedition law; and recommended in the most serious manner, that he should be immediately suspended from his employment on the line. This added to the opinion of governor Sergeant, (who spent a number of days at our camp) colonel Brum, and many other respectable gentlemen, determined me in taking that measure. The surveying at present is done by Mr. Gillispie, the chain carrying by Ellicott and Walker. Gen. Wilkinson has removed Mr. McClary from the command of my escort. His conduct was far less exceptionable than that of Freeman, and when he did err, it was generally the effect of bad advice.
Mr. Freeman left our camp on the 30th September, at the very time we were changing our system of carrying on the work, and in which the compass only is used, without giving me any notice of his departure, that arrangements might be made to me the want of a surveyor. He was absent till the evening of the 17th ultimo, and on the morning of the 18th he was furnished with a note of suspension. He has constantly conducted himself in that same independent way.
The reference No. 9, which was in cypher, in my communication of the 14th November last, contained an account of an extraordinary plan; but that plan in my opinion is now given over, and the knowledge obtained of the country, its strength, and the disposition of the inhabitants, will be turned to the advantage of the United States, by some of the principal characters concerned. It is the best they now can do. That the plan is given over may be collected from No. 1, which for particular reasons is in cypher, and ought to be secret. It cannot be considered as a literal translation, which you will see by the introduction, but it conveys accurately the ideas contained in the letter from which it is extracted.
The plan of baron de Carondelet mentioned in my communication of the 27th June, last year, was correct as there stated; the particulars I have since obtained, and will be detailed to you by a gentleman in the course of a few months, who was in the secret of the whole business. That you may not be at a loss when that gentleman calls upon you, he will have a letter of introduction from me, with an official communication, and a number of questions in the same cypher with reference No. 1. His answers to those questions will convince you that my information has constantly been correct.
I shall leave this place (where I have only halted to draw up this communication) to-morrow and proceed to Pearl river, where the guide line will be corrected. I shall then proceed down the river to lake Meripans, from thence into lake Pontchartrain and to New-Orleans, where I expect to arrive about the first of January next. From New-Orleans I shall follow the coast to Mobile, and again correct the guide line as run by the surveyors. From the Mobile I shall follow the coast to Pensacola; I shall pursue the coast to the Chatatucka, and ascend the river to the guide line; and as soon as that is corrected, I shall proceed to the mouth of Flint river and from thence to St. Mary's.
You will easily perceive that my design in following the coast is to obtain an accurate knowledge of its situation, the navigation of the different rivers we shall have to ascend, and to correct the geographical positions where it may be necessary. My map of the Mississippi, corrected by a great number of observations, is now made out in the rough, and ready for copying.
The astronomical observations which I have made since I left Philadelphia, will make a large and not uninteresting publication.
Our business now goes on with the greatest harmony. That part near the coast, in which as an American and friend to my country, I feel myself the most interested, will be nearly completed before Mr. Freeman can join us, if the president should disapprove of the measures which have been taken with him; and in that case I must request the favour of being permitted to return home. All that his friend general Mathews, col. Pannell, and a few others, can say of him, must be negative evidence; they may say what he has not done; but what they say he has done in forwarding our business must be from his own report.
They have not been visitors at our camp where the only information founded upon facts could be had. He has not made a single observation since we came into this country, though he endeavoured after my course at the beginning of the line was finished, one whole week without success. He is nevertheless, by general Mathews and colonel Pannell, declared not inferior to Newton! This is not strange; they may possibly have less scientific knowledge than he has, and the solemn air and dictatorial manner of a professional schoolmaster, may have contributed much to establish his character with them. His abuse of me I disregarded, till his caballing got into the camp; the consequences then became more serious, and the measures which I took was founded on the best of motives, the service of my country, and I have but one, added to a natural desire to live in peace with all mankind. I have but few observations to add to the depositions respecting his conduct which are forwarded with his — Mr. Collins another of the deponents, is superintendent of the laborers, and always with them is as worthy a man as any in the U. States, and assistant to Mr. Anderson: he constantly resides in the labourers camp. Mr. Lindsay likewise resides in the camp; he is a gentleman of veracity, and agent for the contractor. These gentlemen have been with us from the commencement of the business to the present time & perfectly acquainted with the conduct of Mr. Freeman, and superior to his art, which he frequently exerted with them in vain. Similar depositions to those forwarded might be obtained from the gentlemen of the Spanish camp, but appeared to me improper. You will see I have omitted taking those of Mr. Gillespie, and the chain bearers; it might be said they were interested. And, as Mr. Aderson had been equally abused with myself, on that account his has not been taken. You will see by the depositions that I rise early; it is generally before the break of day; from that time till dark I rarely sit down one hour; after candle light I am generally engaged till 10 o'clock in writing, and arranging my observations.
I hope the citizens of the U. Statee begin by this time to be weaned from their attachment to the French nation. For my part I have experienced so much want of principle and integrity among them, and their partisans in this country, both individually and collectively, that my prejudices against the whole nation are so strong that it is with difficulty I can guard my expressions so as not to give offence.
The arrival of gen. Wilkinson has created considerable alarm in the Spanish colonies below, and governor Gayoso has directed that the militia within his government be immediately armed. The fears and jealousies of the Spanish nation will certainly, in the course of a few years, occasion the loss of all the country on this side of the Mississippi, to the crown of Spain.
The whole of my correspondence on various subjects, since my communication of the 29th July last, would make a large volume, and as there is but little of it immediately interesting to the United States, I shall only refer you to Nos. 2, 3, 4 and 5.
I am sensible you will perceive a great want of arrangement in this communication; but at the same time I am equally so, that you will excuse it, when I assure you that the whole packet, excuse it. Mr. Clark's letters and the correspondence with gov. Gayoso is the work only of two nights and one day, and that in the woods without any other table than a small instrument box, the weather cold and windy, and all my young men who used to aid me in copying, many miles ahead on the line.
I am sorry that the report mentioned in the beginning of this is not forwarded, my part has been done some time, but the Spanish part is not ready owing to the absence of Mr. Power. I shall write to you again from New Orleans. In the mean time believe me to be, &c.
(Signed) ANDREW ELLICOTT.
Hon. Sec'y of State.
P. S. Daniel Clark, esq. of New Orleans, has lately spent a number of days with me in my camp; from him I have received much valuable information which it will be unnecessary for me to detail, as he will give it to you himself in Philadelphia the ensuing winter. He intends to visit that city immediately after our interview in New Orleans.
There is not a gentleman of literature or science, and scarcely one of respectability in this country with whom I have not been on the most intimate footing ever since I came into it: And every attack that has been made upon me, has arisen either from envy or misconception; to which I should never have paid any attention had the principles of opposition not entered our camp, and began to embarrass.
A. E.
NOTICE.
The Copartnership of RICHARD BOWDEN, & Co. having expired, Richard Drummond is authorised to receive and pay the debts of said concern.
Moses Myers, Richard Bowden, Richard Drummond. if
February 2.
St. Ubes SALT.
The CARGO of the Barque Bremen, consisting of about 6000 bushels excellent St. Ubes Salt, will be sold for cash or good paper. Apply to Donaldson, Thorburn, & Co.
February 2.
6
THE PUBLICK LEDGER.
THURSDAY MORNING, FEB. 4, 1808.
PORTUGAL.—Captain King of the ship Intrepid of this port, arrived here yesterday from Waterford. Captain K. was originally bound to St. Ubes, but on the 24th of December, off Lisbon, was boarded from his Britannic majesty's ship Conquerour, of 74 guns, one of a fleet under the command of Admiral Sir Sidney Smith, then within hail in the Hibernia of 120 guns. The officer who boarded the Intrepid informed Captain K. that the French having possession of St. Ubes, and indeed of all Portugal, he could not go in, indorsed his Register, and turned him off.
This officer further informed Captain King, that the Prince Regent, with the Royal Family, left the Tagus on the 30th of November, as stated in our last. The approach of the French army was so rapid, that the fleet came out very short of provisions, with which they were furnished from the British fleet. Sir Sidney Smith sent four sail of the line with the Portuguese fleet to Brazil. The Russian fleet was still in the Tagus, the batteries being too strong to permit an attack to be made upon it.
Yesterday the Court Martial for the trial of Commodore Barron, closed as to the evidence, when the defence was delivered.
We do not consider ourselves at liberty to comment on this defence, but we surely may be permitted to say that it was eloquent, ingenious, and logical.
Any observations which a federalist thinks it proper or his duty to make on the embargo, is entirely useless. The administration prints at once destroy their efficacy by declaring them to proceed from systematick opposition. Let us see what they will make of the following judicious observations on the subject, written by a democrat of some distinction, and who has been behind none of his compeers in the abuse of federalism. We have seen nothing on the subject better calculated to shew the impolicy of that measure, or its inadequacy to the end proposed.
Washington Federalist.
Extract of a letter from MATHEW LYON, M. C. to his friend in Kentucky.
" Inclosed you have the National Intelligencer of the 23d ult. which contains the embargo law, and Mr. Smith's statement of the proceedings of congress thereon. You will perceive thereby that I voted against the bill, on which I should have made no comment, nor on my opposition to it, had not that paper contained a string of observations censuring my vote, and calling on those who opposed the bill to give praise, glory and confidence to its supporters.
" It is there called a strong measure. I must confess it is so, as it respects the sacrifice of individual property, and credit; it is a strong measure, as it respects the diminution of our revenue and national resources; but I considered it weak, as it respects Great Britain, against whom, according to Mr. Smith, it is most pointed; although the president's message and the communication on which the embargo is founded, say nothing about embargoing against the British. While they can obtain a share of provisions for their West India possessions from Canada and Nova Scotia, and lumber in abundance; while our coasting vessels, carrying provisions from one port to another, may be BLOWN OFF, as they call it, and reach the West Indies; while British vessels may come into our ports in ballast, taking in their load from coasters at sea; their West India islands will not starve—they will be supplied at an extravagant price, pocketed by unprincipled adventurers, at the same time the American farmer will be obliged to sell his produce for little or nothing, for want of an open market: this measure in my opinion, was neither called for nor adapted to this crisis. The only new circumstance that has occurred, is the determination of Buonaparte to compel his decree of the 21st of November, 1806, to be rigorously observed, according to its plan and literal meaning, regardless of the treaty existing between this nation and France. It is not pretended that he can injure our commerce essentially, while his ships are shut up in his own ports; and there is no evidence of the British government acting towards us on any new system of provocation. If the state of things has been altered between that nation and this, since the commencement of the session of congress, it is for the better. The proclamation contemplates no new claim—it gives up the right of searching our ships of war for their seamen, which previously was a matter of doubt; and while it takes high ground, it charges those who search our merchant ships for British seamen, to behave themselves better than heretofore, and it does not say that when assured that their seamen shall be given up by this government, they will not yield this preposterous claim. Negotiations are still pending—the British government have sent a minister extraordinary here, to make atonement for the attack on the Chesapeake: it is so said by the British minister, and doubted by no one. It is expected that he, in conjunction with Mr. Erskine, has ample powers to settle all matter in dispute; this appears to be the wish, if not the hope of every one who would prefer an honourable peace to a long continued, bloody, and expensive war. No crisis had arrived to justify the measure, nor was it called for by any party or any portion of the community. In all the addresses to the president and to congress, not a word do I recollect about an embargo.
" I am no apologist for Britain; my blood boils when I reflect on the many insults and injuries she has done this country. But previous to the attack on the Chesapeake, we had sent a minister to endeavour to settle our disputes with Great Britain, and since that, fresh negotiations had been entered into on that particular case. I was, and am of opinion, that we should have waited the result of those negotiations, before taking such a rigorous self-destroying stride. I have been behind no member of the house of representatives in my desire to place
the nation in the best possible posture of defence. That we might be prepared for the worst of events, I moved in congress some time since to hold subject to sequestration the stock in the American funds, owned by, (as well as the debts due to) British subjects, as a security for the good behaviour of that nation. Some that time many millions have been transferred into the hands of citizens of a certain description, who will manage the thing according to the wishes and interests of the real owners. This was a measure of caution only, not of offence, and it could not injure any honest American. I supported the non-importation law, and being determined not to repeal it, I voted against committing the petition which prayed for its repeal. At the time that bill passed, I would have voted totally to suspend our intercourse with the British dominions, giving the same for the law to go into operation.—Such a law, passed now, to take effect four, or six months hence, in case negotiation should fail, would have paralyzed that industrious and enterprising spirit, which constitutes the very life and soul of this nation. No—individual enterprise would have been left to itself, and found innumerable other means of action, producing new resources, and thereby adding to the wealth of the community, as well as to the national revenue.
A general embargo cannot fairly be said to possess a single republican feature—it may be compared to an apoplexy: it stops the circulation of the blood in the commercial system, and extends its baneful influence to the agricultural body: repeated fits will produce convulsions and death in the political, as well as in the physical world—it is a weapon which never fails to wound those who use it; and however necessary it may be to wield it when negotiation shall have failed, I can see no necessity for it now. Suppose the negotiation should end unfavourably two or three months hence, the British minister must inform his government of that circumstance—and the same wind that waits his ship to England, will convey the news of our embargo. There will be some American vessels in British ports when that news arrives; and, are we certain that they will not be detained in consequence? Nothing worse can happen in case of an embargo two months hence. I will say no more on this point, not choosing to consider this a war measure.
" If you will follow Mr. Smith in his reasons for an embargo, you will find them equally applicable to any period since the affair of the Chesapeake, during which time, and under all the embarrassments and disadvantages that have existed, our merchants have been suffered to be their own judges; the country has been enriched by the prices they have been able to afford for the produce of our lands; and the treasury has been replenished by the receipt of about eight millions of dollars, a sum much greater than would be receipted there in four years under the embargo system. For my part, I can see no reason why, under the same circumstances, the same course might not have been pursued, during the negotiation, thereby warding off, a little longer that incalculable mass of individual distress, which such a measure cannot fail to create.
" But we are told that this is to preserve the resources of the nation—will an unlimited embargo preserve the national wealth? I think not. The wealth of this nation consists in the surplus produce of the earth—if that surplus must lie on hand, it ceases to be wealth. If a farmer owes a sum of money, and reaps a good crop of wheat, he calculates on this as a certain resource, and his neighbours call him rich; but when his hopes of a good market are lost—when he finds his wheat will fetch him nothing, and his debts remain unpaid, and on interest too, he feels poor indeed. It is the same with a nation—the surplus produce of our lands, when markets fail, ceases to be a resource, except against famine, in which case I hope, it never will be needed. Ships laid up to rot, and discontented starving seamen and fishermen, are but poor resources. Many of those who will find their way to Nova-Scotia, rather than go to work on the land.
" Mr. Smith tells you, "that Spain will feel it more perhaps than any nation, in the failure of imported food, not making enough within herself, and in her populous and important colonies, which depend wholly on us for the supply of their daily wants." Mr. S. seems to have forgotten that Spain has, by treaty, the free use of the Mississippi, and that our embargo cannot prevent her subjects navigating that river; he does not reflect that the purchasers of the publick lands, must have money to pay for them: and that they will carry their flour, their pork, and their bacon on those waters to a vessel where they can get Spanish dollars for them:—how does he intend to stop this course of procedure? does he intend to pass new laws, and set one militia man to watch the other? I presume this will not answer: the embargo, if of long continuance, will oblige the Spaniards to recommence the carrying trade on the Mississippi; in this way they may not only obtain a supply for their own colonies, but also for the French islands.
" I am well assured that the British governors can grant permits to the commanders of Spanish vessels to carry produce to any British ports, and that those permits are respected: I am not sure, but in this way the British will be supplied with cotton; so that although the embargo will probably be destructive to those western people, who are now gone and going to New-Orleans with their produce; it may eventually become a source of wealth to them. I am not in the secret as to the length of its continuance, and I believe its advocates are not themselves agreed on that point; some of them, I know wished it to be perpetual; others did not, and some wished to have foreigners admitted to carry away American produce. This part of the subject has been well handled by Mr. Smilie.
" I know my friend you will feel indignant when you read his assertion, that the president had better information and better means of knowledge than he laid before congress:—it is something like libeling the president to say that he has called upon us to act on a subject of the highest importance without giving us all the information he possessed.
" If you want further proof of the incorrectness of the observations before you, compare the two last lines the first paragraph, with the two last lines of the performance. In the first, he says, the embargo is the wish of all parties; in the last, he tells you it was opposed by party spirit: I really do not remember to have seen passive obedience more strenuously preached up in John Adam's days, than in the last paragraph of this extraordinary production. I believe the president is as good a man as ever breathed—I believe him wise and honest.—

Having been long acquainted with many of those who supported that question, I believe they are also honest and patriotic men; but I have too often in my long life seen majorities in the wrong, to attach infallibility to them. In opposition to the spirit of those two paragraphs, permit me to remind you that our republican compact does not bind us to praise when we do not think praise to be due, nor does it demand of us a disavowal of our opinions, while our understandings remain unconvinced; it demands only a peaceable submission to the law. I will conclude this letter as a sincere republican, by saying, that, although the embargo does not appear to me to be either necessary or proper at this time, although it may not appear so to many of those who may be injured by its effects; although the sacrifice to be made, may be of little or no use to the nation, in any other point of view than to show our reverence for the law; it being the constitutional act of the government of our choice, it is our duty to render obedience to that law; I will do so, while defending my own character and conduct; no more can be expected from your friend."
We have been favoured with the following extract of a letter from Bremen, dated Nov. 14:— N. Y. Com. Adv.
"By an order of the emperor of France, all vessels arriving loaded with goods which from England can be exported, are to be taken possession of, and the goods discharged, and stored until further directions from the Court at Paris, without taking regard from what place, and for whose account such goods have been shipped. In consequence of this measure, which is more rigorous indeed than any we have suffered before, some vessels with American produce, and for American account, which have arrived since in the Elbe, have been seized, and accordingly will be discharged, and the cargoes stored by the French military. All ships which may come into the Weser, before the winter sets in went escape the same fate—besides, there is an embargo laid on all vessels."
[COMMUNICATION.]
French Laws on the subject of expatriation , &c.!! We have for six months past, quoted authorities, examples, and cases without number, in favour of the Boston doctrines which are doctrines of justice and peace .
Why no reply but abuse? why do grave magistrates descend to Chronicle language, and vilify those whom they do not answer? because they cannot answer them.
French authority was always excellent in this country—it never had more weight than now.
I quote it from "Le Nouveau Code des Prises de Mons. Lebeau, charge des details des lois dans le bureau de la Marine et des Colonies."
By a decree of the executive directory of France, 8 Brumaire, An. 7. reciting that the English in part made up their crews from other nations, it was enacted, that every man native of any neutral nation in alliance or otherwise with France, found on board an English ship, should be treated as a pirate , without being permitted to alledge in his defence, that he was forced to serve by violence or menace.
On the 24th Brumaire of the same year, it was further decreed that all neutral powers should be invited to RECALL those of their sailors who shall thus have embarked in vessels belonging to England.
What do these cases prove? They prove the full idea of France, that citizens cannot expatriate themselves even in time of peace—that every nation may recall its sailors in time of peace from the ships and service of belligerent powers—and that, a fortiori, a belligerent may so do from neutral service.
Yet we quarrel with England for her late proclamation which adopts this principle—a principle recognized by every nation on earth.
But it is said England will seize her own men on board our neutral ships —Unjust nation! Dare she do, what France has always done by law, and which we and all nations have submitted to?
See the following decree—8th Ventose An. 6. 1st. "All French sailors serving in neutral vessels , which shall be found in the ports of the Republic, shall be arrested and conducted and carried on board the national vessels.
2d. "All English sailors found on board neutral vessels in said ports, shall be seized. All sailors speaking the English language shall be considered English unless they can prove by authentick documents that they are Americans ."
Here then we see the respect for our flag—and what is the meaning of proving themselves Americans ?
Why proving themselves Natives , because the former decrees shew that they do not admit any expatriation.
On the 5th August, 1676, the king of France decreed, "that whereas he had by his proclamation of the 20th of February, 1667, and of August, 1669, enjoined it upon all his subjects in foreign service or in foreign states under the pain of death to return, and being also informed that many Frenchmen were found in the vessels captured, his majesty saw fit to change the punishment of death to that of perpetual imprisonment in the galleys."
Here then his majesty of France goes further than the king of England. He orders all his subjects home, not only from foreign ships but foreign countries .
The king of England orders his sailors only home . But we deny him the power which we and all nations yield to France! Nay more, we say we will fight him for this same claim, and ruin ourselves to deprive him of his just rights !!
Boston Repository.
From the Philadelphia Gazette.
GENERAL WILKINSON, versus THE HON. DANIEL CLARK.
The following scandalous paragraph having appeared in the Baltimore American; (a paper generally supposed to be under the influence of General Smith and his adherents) and it being probable that similar insinuations against Mr. Clark's reputation will be hazarded by men, ruined in character and desperate in their means of vindication, we cannot refrain from laying before the publick the substance of such documents as have accidentally fallen into our hands:
"The hon. Daniel Clark and Richard B. Keene, Esq. arrived in this town yesterday from the seat of government.—The friends of Gen. Wilkinson "regret that they had not time to pay their per-
"sonal respects, as those gentlemen proceeded on to the eastward without delay." Quere: are they bound to the state of Ohio, as witnesses to give "testimony in favour of Aaron Burr & Co."
Although, to those who are acquainted with Mr. Clark's general character and pursuits, any reply to the above insidious and dastardly attack would be unnecessary, it is deemed by the writer of these remarks, as nothing more than an act of precautionary justice to injured innocence, immediately to repel this profligate imputation.
It will be recollected by those who have even casually looked into the newspapers during the last 2 years, that Mr. Burr had no sooner closed his vice-presidential career, and taken his leave of the city of Washington, than rumours, without number, were afloat, attributing to him and certain characters supposed to be subject to his controul, designs hostile to the independence and repose of his country. It is equally known to our readers, that in the progress of his plans, no artifice, no daring device was left unemploy'd by him, to impart an air of importance and magnitude to his designs. For this purpose, he and his agents, wherever they were distributed in the diabolical work of treason and pillage, industriously circulated the idea that men of the highest political standing, of most extensive pecuniary resources, and of well-tried bravery and perseverance, were abetting and encouraging his plans. The indefatigable patriotism of a Truxton was represented as having become the dupe of his seductions—The bravery of our soldiers, and the integrity of our navy were all described as the willing and corrupt tools of his desperate adventure.—In fine the astonished continent rung and re-echoed with the mighty rumours of his intended achievements. The devoted theatre of his early enterprises were not among the last to be agitated and convulsed by these exaggerated rumours. It was here that they reached the ears of Mr. Clark.
In the innocent pursuit of his commercial purposes, and on the eve of embarking in one of great magnitude, and that too, to a port under the dominion of a power where sovereignty was menaced, by this adventurer, he receives the extraordinary intelligence of these designs, accompanied too, by the more extraordinary intimation, that he who was about to risk his person and property in the hands of the jealous Spaniards, was actually participating in deadly schemes against their independence. To one ignorant of such designs, the first suggestion of a participation in them, would doubtless be viewed not only as highly absurd, but as preposterous in the extreme. Under such impressions it must have been that Mr. Clarke, on receiving these rumours, thus addressed himself to gen. Wilkinson:
New-Orleans, Sept. 7.
"Many absurd and wild reports are circulating here, and have reached the ears of the officers of the late Spanish government, respecting our vice-president.—You are spoken of as his right hand man , and even I am now supposed to be of consequence enough to combine with generals and vice-presidents. At any other time but the present, I should amuse myself vastly at the folly and fears of those who are affected with these idle tales; but being on the point of setting off for Vera Cruz , on a large mercantile speculation, I feel cursedly hurt at the rumours, and might, in consequence of Spanish jealousy, get into a hobble I could not get out of. ***** What in the name of Heavens could give rise to these extravagancies? Were I sufficiently intimate with col. Burr, and knew where to direct a line to him, I should take the liberty of writing to him." [The remainder of the letter, which proceeds in a strain of astonishment at the rumours alluded to, and concludes in a style of ironical jocularity, was not in possession of the writer of these remarks a sufficient time to admit of taking a complete copy.—The foregoing extract, however, is all that can be considered as relevant to the present object.]
It is not within the knowledge of the writer whether gen. Wilkinson ever gave any answer to the letter from which the foregoing is extracted; or if any, what was its nature. Sufficient is apparent, from the rumours which produced Mr. Clark's letter, and from the terms of it, to warrant the belief, that at the time of writing it he was as completely innocent of any participation in Burr's conspiracy as Mr. Jefferson is at present ignorant of what is going on in the Moon.
But let us come down to a later period in the history of this terrible revolution. Here fortunately we are able to summons up the testimony of gen. Wilkinson himself, if there were no other evidence at hand, in vindication of Mr. Clark.
If we do not misrecalled it was late in Oct. or early in Nov. 1806, that Gen. Wilkinson withdrew from the Sabine, with his forces, for the purpose of defending New-Orleans against Col. Burr's attack. With the outrageous occurrences of that period, the present enquiry has no concern. The publick are familiar with the disgraceful events of that time; and have pronounced a distinct and audible verdict on their atrocity. It was during these scenes, that General addressed the following letter to Mr. Clark:—
New Orleans, Dec. 10, 1806.
My dear Sir—I refer you to the bearer, Mr. Donaldson, for the interesting scenes which agitate our darling city, and poor devoted Louisiana. I am here to defend her against revolution and pillage, by hand and I have loved. Suspicion is also! and numbers are implicated. Thank God, your advice to
*Note. The original contained no Italic marks .—They are introduced here to distinguish those expressions, which may be supposed to indicate the state of the mind and the extent of the information under which they were written. For instance, what does Mr. Clark intimate by saying "at any other time he should amuse himself with these tales?" So far from being prey to the designs to which they allude, he would treat them as chimeras, fictions, or fairy tales ;—but he is just about to embark for Vera Cruz ; here these reports would follow him; and here also he knew the suspicious Spaniards, would not view these rumours as chimeras or vain entities . And what in this situation does he do? He applies for information, on points so interesting to himself, to that person nearest him, who it may naturally be supposed would be best enabled to dissipate or confirm his apprehensions—He is not "sufficiently intimate" with col. Burr to address him on the subject; nor if he were "intimate" with him, does he know "where a line would meet him. If these expressions do not, in their strict as well as ordinary acceptions, bespeak a total ignorance of col. Burr's intentions, "language has lost its occupation."
Bellechasse, if your character was not a sufficient guardian, would vindicate you against any foul imputation. By the last advice Burr expected to reach Natchez with 2000 men the 20th inst. If he brings no more he will not dare to approach this place, where I shall to-morrow have 1000 regular troops, and your Creoles will turn out with great vigour. I am pushing an armed flotilla high up the river to drive the revolutionists on shore, and save our plantations, and prevent the insurrection of your negroes. Farewell my dear sir and believe me ever yours,
JAS. WILKINSON.
Hon. D. Clark.
During the four months which followed the date of this letter, the publick know with what extravagant zeal the General pursued and denounced, as traitors, every individual at New Orleans, on whose conduct, character or connexions the least suspicion could be fastened. Wonderful to relate! during all this period the breath of suspicion did not sully the character of Mr. Clark. In this supposed spot, where treason was said to be fermenting into open violence and revolt, that man, who if he had any share in the plot, would certainly have been the most dangerous and most important agent, (for there is no individual in the territory of New Orleans possessed of more influence than Mr. Clark.) that man, we say, in those critical and delicate times, had the marvelous good fortune to escape even the suspicion of this Argus-eyed General. Of this fact we have an incontestible evidence under Mr. Wilkinson's own hand, written at the very last moment previous to his departure for the United States, to attend the trial of col. Burr; and having in his portfolio, all the information relative to his designs and associates, which unexampled industry and intrigue could procure.
Belize, May 24, 1807, at night.
My dear sir—I regret deeply that I did not see you before my leave of New Orleans. I remained at my quarters until the day was advanced and the order for sailing being at 12 o'clock, I thought it proper to embark.
Let me repeat that your noble, manly interposition in my behalf, as reported by my friend general Smith at the seat of government, was not necessary to secure to you a friendship founded on almost 20 years acquaintance, but makes it my peculiar duty, pending the highly important developments which are at issue, to watch over and defend your fame, should it be implicated in the discussion.
I did earnestly desire a conciliation between you and the governor of the territory, because I considered such conciliation in the present moment, might insure a happy tone to the great substantial and important interests of the American nation, which believe me has escaped a hellish scourge, to be ascribed to that decisive conduct for which I have been stigmatised, &c. &c.
JAMES WILKINSON.
Hon. D. Clark.
[The remainder of this letter is not material to the present subject.]
Thus, then, down to the 24th of May last, after the General had left no stone unturned in his zeal to ferret out the conspirators at New Orleans; after having impeached the integrity of those who subsequently proved their innocence, he voluntarily proffers to Mr. Clark the ardent homage of his honourable opinion, and without solicitation pronounces him spotless and above imputation. After this, it will require more adroitness and more hardihood than the friends of the General possess to fasten upon this gentleman even the suspicion of participation in Burr's designs.
We have already produced sufficient evidence, to satisfy every reasonable mind on this subject. We shall add but one more document, and that we humbly presume, will forever silence the most obdurate calumniator.
Early after the explosion of Burr's designs, Mr. Jefferson conceived it expedient to dispatch to the Western country, a confidential agent, whose duty it was to collect every possible evidence relative to the nature of this conspiracy. This trust was confided to a Mr. John Graham, a gentleman selected for the purpose, for the acuteness of his penetration, the strength of his judgment and the soundness of his principles—That he performed his functions with zeal and integrity is manifest, from his now enjoying the first office in the secretary of state's department. The following is a copy of a letter voluntarily written by that gentleman and addressed to Mr. Clark:
New-Orleans, May 13, 1807.
DEAR SIR—I regret exceedingly that I have not had an opportunity of explaining to you in person, what I am now about to put on paper. You will no doubt have heard, that I was directed by the government to transmit to them from the Western country any information I might be able to collect there relative to the plans, resources, &c. of col. Burr.—When in Lexington I was told by Mr. Alexander Parker and others of that place, that col. Burr had offered to draw on you, and had stated that he was authorised to do so to the amount of 200,000 dollars.—In consequence, I wrote to Mr. Madison from Lexington, as follows:—"It is stated, with what truth I know not, that col. Burr was authorised to draw on Mr. Daniel Clark of N. Orleans for 200,000 dollars.—I believe it is certain that he proposed to draw on that gentleman, and finding that bills on Orleans would not be negotiated, said he would order his funds round to New-York, and wrote accordingly to the house of Chew and Relf, who are the agents and partners of Mr. Clark."
I took the earliest occasion after my arrival here to mention this subject to Mr. Relf, and in consequence of the conversation I had with him, I wrote to Mr. Madison as follows:—"Since my arrival here, Mr. Relf, (my friend Mr. Chew being absent) gives me the most positive and satisfactory assurances that they never had any funds in their hands liable to the order of col. Burr; and as their house receive and pay all Mr. Clark's money, he is very sure that gentleman has never made any advances to col. Burr. He urged me to look at Mr. Clark's account on their books, which I did, and I now take the earliest occasion to say, that I saw no item in that account which induces me to believe that Mr. Clark has advanced any money to col. Burr. Alexander Parker of Lexington, told me that Burr had offered to draw on Mr. Clark and col. Lynch mentioned, as I was told by Mr. Jordan, and Mr. Hunt, that he had forwarded the letter to Chew and Relf from col. Burr, ordering his funds round to New-York. The probability I think is, that this supposed letter was nothing more than
a cover for Burr's communication to Bollman, which were directed to the house of Chew and Relf, and delivered to them by gen. Wilkinson." [Reader mark this;—this letter was immediately delivered over to gen. Wilkinson! Does this look like treason?]
I trust you will see, sir, from these extracts of my letters to Mr. Madison, that I have endeavoured faithfully to perform my duty both to the government and to yourself, &c. &c.
Your most obedient serv't,
JOHN GRAHAM.
Hon. D. Clark.
It would be insulting to the publick understanding were we to attempt, by any course of reasoning to add force to the foregoing statement and documents—it would be equally degrading to the character whose cause we have humbly undertaken to defend, were we in imitation of the example of his accusers, to indulge in recriminations against gen. Wilkinson—This is never the line of conduct pursued by conscious innocence—The character of General Wilkinson is now before the grand inquest of the nation. There we will let it stand or fall by its own merits. The prostration of his reputation can add nothing to that of Mr. Clark.
VERITAS.
PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 25.
A letter from a respectable commercial house in Amsterdam, to a gentleman in this city, dated Nov. 9, says—"Colonial goods have been rising from day to day since these two months partly by the inconsiderable arrivals of produce from your ports, but more so by the fears we have here all along entertained of a war now breaking out between G. Britain and the United States, rather than between the last and the French government. It is here at present the ruling opinion that France will really fall out with you if you do not declare war against England."
Several letters received in this city from Antwerp, dated as late as the 9th of November speak very unfavourably of the state of publick affairs.—They say that it is found impossible to get hold of any of the American property which has been seized in consequence of having been in England. The Emperor refuses to give it up, alleging that there are other points to be settled with this country, and that the property will be held until they are adjusted. They add, that the universal opinion here is, that if we settle our differences with Great Britain we shall have to encounter the hostility of France. Some of these letters state that the emperor declares without reserve that there shall no longer be any neutrals.
A letter from Antwerp, dated Nov. 7, says,—"We still continue in the greatest uncertainty what turn things are likely to take. It appears pretty clear that America will not be able to maintain her neutrality. The emperor, it is said, has declared, there shall be no more neutrals—All must declare for or against him. If therefore, your differences are arranged with England there is little doubt that France will become hostile to you. Under these circumstances we deem it prudent to run off all goods, as it is difficult to foresee what may happen—and as prices have got up, we have lately made considerable sales, particularly of coffee, of which we have nearly run off our whole stock."
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED.
Sloop New-York Packet. Appleby, 32 days from Vaucluse (Martinique) Molasses, Christopher Fry.—The sch't Mohawk, Strong, would sail from Robarte in 10 or 15 days for this port.—To windward of Antigua was boarded from a French privateer and treated politely.
Ship Intrepid, King, 56 days from Waterford, Ballast. J. & W. Southgate.
On Saturday next the 6th instant, at 10 o'clock, at the house of Mr. Allan Gorham, Bermuda-Street, will be Sold for Cash,
Household and Kitchen Furniture.
S. Marks, Jun.
February 4.
By virtue of a Deed in Trust, executed by Thomas Gibbons and Ann his wife, bearing date the 14th day of September, 1805, to John Patterson and Thomas Smith, to secure the payment of one thousand two hundred and two dollars and ninety four cents, with interest from the date of said deed, due Richard Billings, together with all legal costs and charges necessarily incurred by carrying the said deed into effect, WILL BE SOLD at Matthews Court House, on the second Monday in March next, being Court Day, at Publick Auction, for ready money,
The Tract of LAND,
conveyed to us in trust by the deed aforesaid, containing two hundred and twenty acres, more or less, situate, lying, and being in the county of Mathews aforesaid, on North River, whereon the said Thomas Gibbons lately resided, and was formerly the property of Doctor Frederick W. Hearn, deceased, and by him purchased of John Hays.
By the Trustees.
tds
February 4.
FOR BALTIMORE, The Pilot-Boat R. J. James Berry, master, will sail this day at two o'clock. For passage only, apply to the master on board at New-ton's wharf. Feb. 4. 1*
FOR NEW-YORK, The Schooner DELIGHT, Captain Bowme, who will take a freight if offered within eight days. Apply to the master on board at Marsden's wharf, or the subscriber,
Tristrim Butler.
Who offers for Sale on moderate terms, 20 hhds. SUGAR, superior quality, 50 barrels do. do. do. 50 do Herring (good quality), A few puncheons W. 1 Rum; 40 barrels Navy Bread, 10 barrels superfine Pilot Bread; 20 barrels Apple Brandy, 20 boxes mould Candles; a few boxes Mustard; Family Flour in barrels and half barrels; Crackers in barrels, half barrels and kegs; a quantity of excellent Cheese; a few firkins Butter; Coffee in bags. Jan. 30 4*
For Sale on moderate terms by the cash or a smaller quantity,
12 tierces Hibbert's Brown STOUT, 13 pipes fourth proof Cognac Brandy, 1 do. old London particular Madeira Wine, 40 hhds. Antigua, Jamaica, and W. 1. Rum, 7 do. Molasses; old Peach Brandy in barrels, Green St. Domingo Coffee in barrels; wrought Nails, Sheathing Nails and Spikes; Axes; Bar Iron; Fig Blue, Stone Jugs; a quantity of Bran; 9 pieces fine Flannel, Bed Tick of the best quality.
John Macgowan.
January 28.

NOW IS YOUR TIME!  10,000 Dollars may be gained for One Dollar and Fifty Cents in the  PHILADELPHIA GRAND LOTTERY.  Highest Prize 10,000 Dollars.  Authorised by an Act of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, for the encouragement of USEFUL ARTS.
   CASH PRIZES.     1 Prize of 10,000 Dollars 10,000   2 do. of 5,000 10,000   5 do. of 1,000 5,000   10 do. of 500 5,000   10 do. of 200 2,000   40 do. of 100 4,000   100 do. of 50 5,000   200 do. of 20 4,000   500 do. of 10 5,000    1,000 do. To consist of machines for opening off-cast worsted and open wrought woollen clothing into wool, valued at one hundred dollars each, (patent right included) 100,000  1,000 do. To consist of rights for manufacturing ornamental mouldings for dwelling houses and shipping, valued at fifty dollars each, 50,000
Dollars 200,000 Subject to a deduction of 15 per cent. The most valuable Cash Prizes from 200 Dollars and upwards, to be determined as follows:
   DOLS.     First drawn number on the first ten days' drawing, each 200   First drawn number on the succeeding ten days', each 500   First drawn number on the succeeding five days', each 1,000   First drawn number on the succeeding two days', each 5,000   First drawn number on the last day's drawing, 10,000    This Lottery will positively commence drawing on the twenty-third day of February next, and will be completed in 28 days at intervals, under the superintendence of gentlemen appointed by the Governor, to whom approved security has been given, for the faithful drawing of the Lottery agreeably to the scheme. The numbering for the wheels has so far progressed, under the direction of Mr. James Oellers, as to justify fixing the day of drawing. The cash prizes will be paid at the bank in thirty days after the conclusion of the drawing, and the Machines and Composition rights delivered to order, on payment of the deduction as above. All prizes must be demanded in one year after the drawing, or they will be considered as forfeited after that time.
Tickets in the above Lottery at $1 50, for Sale by A. C. JORDAN, & Co. No. 3, Market-Square. The price of Tickets will advance as the drawing progresses.  Note.—The purchaser or holder of every ticket, will be entitled to a valuable patent right for manufacturing Sago, Starch, and Hair-Powder, from Potatoes, by a process entirely new, besides a chance of the many valuable cash prizes. January 18.
Doctors Brown and Moseley,  Respectfully inform their friends and the public, that they have entered into partnership, and practice  PHYSICK AND SURGERY. They may be consulted at their Shop, No. 47, Main-street, adjoining Messrs. Southgate's store. January 13.
All persons to whom the Subscriber is indebted, are requested to make known the amount of their claims immediately. Wm. Hartshorne, Jun. January 13.
FOR SALE, At reduced prices for Cash,  250 bags, 30 barrels COFFEE, 70 hhs. 40 tierces, 60 barrels Sugar, 20 chests Young Hyson Tea, 4 pipes London particular Madeira Wine, 2 tierces Loaf Sugar. William B. Lamb. January 25.
DR. FENDALL,  OPERATOR UPON TEETH, Has just arrived in this place, and may be consulted every day, during his stay, at the Eagle-Tavern. Dr. Fendall cures the scurvy in the gums, be it ever so inveterate, in a short time; fastens loose teeth, by making the gums grow firm up to them, renders teeth white and beautiful; prevents their decay; keeps such as are so from becoming worse, even to old age; fills up those that are hollow with gold or lead, which will not only render them useful, but prevent their aching and further decay; extracts teeth and stumps with ease; makes and fixes artificial teeth, without extracting the remaining stumps; either with pivots, ligatures, or springs, in such a manner as to be useful and highly ornamental. His Columbian Antiseptic Dentifrice, for preserving the teeth, gums, sockets, &c. and superior he thinks, both in elegance and efficacy to any other, is sold by the Doctor. As Dr. Fendall's continuance in this place is uncertain, those ladies and gentlemen who wish to employ him, will please to make immediate application. Any persons wishing to be waited on at their residence, will please to send a servant or a line to his lodgings. January 23.
Fifty Dollars Reward. RAN-AWAY from the Subscriber on the 26th December last, a Mulatto Man named TONEY, a Blacksmith by trade; he is about 24 years of age, 5 feet 10 inches high—had on when he went away a dark cloth suit coat and pantaloons—his right foot has been broken, which causes him to limp, and is much larger than the other. He travelled in the stage from Edenton to Suffolk, the 28th ult. I have understood he went by the name of Benjamin James while in Suffolk—I expect he will endeavour to pass as a free man. The above reward will be given to any person who will secure him in any jail so that I get him again, and all reasonable charges paid if delivered to me in Plymouth, North Carolina. January 8.
JOHN WALKER.  FOR SALE,  45,000 wt. good COFFEE in bags, 94 puncheons old St. Kitts RUM. MOSES MYERS. January 8.
NOTICE. The Subscribers have removed to the Warehouse, No. 6, on Newton's wharf, formerly occupied by Messrs. John D. Haldane, & Co. JENNINGS & RODDEY. January 8.
FOR RENT. The STORE, No. 86, Main-Street, with or without the house. Thomas Blanchard. September 28.
REMOVAL. The Subscriber has removed to the large Fire-Proof Warehouse at the head of Maxwell's wharf, in Wide Water-Street, where he offers for SALE,  7 pipes Country GIN, 20 barrels Whiskey, 30 do. N. E. Rum, 15 hhs. do. do. 30 do. Mackerel, 30 do. Shad, 150 kegs Salmon, 150 kegs Tongues and Sounds, 50 boxes Soap, 60 boxes Mould Candles, 50 do. Spermaceti do. 25 do. Chocolate, 28 do. assorted Cotton Cards, 4 chests Hyson Tea, 150 reams Writing Paper, 1 case Diapers, 150 sacks Liverpool Salt, 7 tons assorted Swedish Iron, 50 bundles Nail Rods, A quantity of coarse Woollen Goods—low for Cash. Edward Clark. Who transacts business on Commission, as usual. Jan. 1.
Just received and for SALE by the Subscriber,  10 hhs. excellent retailing Molasses, 10 quarter casks Sherry Wine, 50 boxes superior bleached Mould Candles, 50 do. Soap, Philadelphia manufacture, 1000 wt. St. Domingo Coffee; 1000 do. best Jamaica do. 3 pipes French Brandy, for the roof, 1 ton patent Shot; 20 bolts Russia Duck, 20 bolts Ravens Duck; a few boxes best Havana Segars, 4 pipes New-York Anchor Gin. DAVID MILHADO. January 6.
The Subscribers have removed to the Brick Warehouse on Merchant's Wharf, and have on hand for Sale,  100,000 W. O. hhd. drawn STAVES, 100,000 red do. do. do. 40,000 rough do. do. do. 50,000 do. barrel do. 10,000 pipe do. do. do. 500,000 sale Shingles; 100,000 building do. 10,000 three feet do.; 5,000 Garden Pales, 5,000 Chimney-pot and Cedar Posts. And also for Rent.  A commodious WAREHOUSE. Proby, Harmanson, & Co. January 11.
For SALE,  75 tierces prime green Jam. Coffee, And a few puncheons 5 and 6 years old Antigua Rum; Loaf and Brown Sugar in hogsheads and barrels: a few sets Table China; fine and superfine Flour, &c. Harrison Allmand. January 4.
Now landing from the schooner Prudence Mary, from New-York,  17 hhs. first quality SUGARS, 54 barrels prime Pork, city inspection, 70 boxes Mould Candles; 3 hhs. double refined Sugar, 6 pipes Brandy; 25 reams Writing Paper, 2 trunks fine and coarse French Lace, which will be sold at a low rate for Cash. Apply at No. 1, Commerce-Street to William Hull, Jun. October 16.
Just got to Hand.  22 chests Hyson TEA, will be sold low for cash. George Wilson. Nov. 18.
For SALE, by the Subscriber,  34 hogsheads WHISKEY, 50 crates Earthenware; 10 casks Glass do. 65 boxes 8 by 10, 37 do. 10 by 12 Window Glass, 16 gross Wine Bottles; 18 boxes Castle Soap, 1 hogshead and 3 barrels Philadelphia Loaf Sugar, 10 hhs. Petersburg, 2 do. Richmond, and 4 do. York River Tobacco; 15 bales Cotton, 38 whole and 9 half tierces Rice. A. Maclure. November 13.
Now landing from on board the schooner Mohawk, Roger Quarles, master, from Leghorn,  120 hogsheads Bordolease CLARET, 96 casks Roll Brimstone, 100 boxes Castle Marble Soap, 50 tin boxes Saffron, 5 cases Florence Silks of all colours, a great many black, 2 hhs. shelled Almonds, 100 half chests Lucca Oil, of 30 flasks, 100 boxes Lucca Oil, 12 bottles each, 3 cases Chip Hats. For Sale by William Pennock. October 12.
For SALE,  2 elegant Bay Horses, a complete match, 2 do. grey do. do. 1 remarkable fine bay, and one very excellent grey Horse—For which, Notes of the Bank of Newbern and Cape-Fear, or Proc. Money will be taken in payment—Apply at the Office of the Publick Ledger. Sept. 25.
THE SUBSCRIBER Has removed to the brick store at the head of Campbell's wharf, fronting said wharf and Wide Water-street, where he offers at wholesale or retail his assortment of  Groceries and Ship Chandlery, Among which are
14 hogsheads Muscovado SUGAR, 1 do. and 6 barrels Loaf do. 6 do. Antigua, Jamaica, and Grenada Rum, 3 pipes French Brandy, 2 hhs. and 6 bbls. Rye Whiskey, 4 barrels Apple Brandy, 1 do. Peach do. 10 bags Coffee, Imperial, Hyson, Young Hyson, and Souchong Teas, Pepper, Pimento, and Nutmegs, Madeira, Sherry, and Port Wines, London and Philadelphia Porter, English Cheese, Bar Iron and Castings, Nail and Spike Rods, German Steel, Powder and Shot, Tar, Pitch & Turpentine, Paints and Oil, black and bright Varnish, Canvas and Cordage, Nails and Spikes. Also just received,
20 boxes Lemons, 12 half bbls. Beef Tongues, 20 kegs Tongues and Sounds, 40 kegs and 2 bbls. Salmon, 5 bbls. Mackerel, 15 cases Sallad Oil, 1 cask Currants, 10 boxes Olives, Capers and Anchovies, 6 dozen bottles Cayenne Pepper, 3 do. do. Pickled Peppers, 30 boxes Soap, 20 boxes Candles, 50 barrels Alexandria superfine and fine Flour. John D. Haldane. July 31.
FOR RENT, And possession given the 1st of Jan. next, that commodious three story brick DWELLING HOUSE in Church-street, at present occupied by Mr. Barth. Redman. And a convenient two story DWELLING HOUSE, with a fine extensive garden, in the Fields near Smith's Point, at present occupied by Mr. Stratton, possession of which may be had the 1st of January—Application to be made to Wm. Plume & Co. Nov. 18.
For SALE,  5 cases only of superior PIGEON-EYE CHAMPAIGN. Apply to the Editor of this Paper. Dec. 16.
Baltimore Baker's FLOUR, of superior quality, for family use, for sale by T. & W. A. Armistead. Nov. 18. Campbell's wharf.
WOOD & HASTINGS, No. 76, Main-Street, Have just received an additional supply of  Staple and Fancy GOODS, Among which are Black Silk Velvet; Tabby, do.; Black Silk Florentine; Silk Handkerchiefs; do. Fancy Shawls; Convex Navy Buttons; fashionable Coat do.; a variety of French Goods; 2 trunks Cambric Muslins; 2 cases Linens; 2 bales Cotton Checks; 1 do. Gilla Handkerchiefs; 5 do. India Cottons, assorted, some very fine for Shirts; a variety of Woollens. They have also on hand a general and extensive assortment of  WOOLLEN GOODS. Every description of fancy Muslins and Dresses; Velvets; Constitution, and President's Cords; Dimities; Carpets; Hosiery, &c. &c. On consignment, just received,  Hussar and Backstrap BOOTS; Ladies' Kid and Morocco Shoes; Mens' coarse do.; coarse and fine Hats. The above GOODS will be sold at very reduced prices for Cash, or undoubted credit, by wholesale and retail. December 11.
The Subscriber offers for Sale at his Store in Market-Square,  20 hogsheads W. I. RUM, 10 pipes Cognac Brandy; 5 do. Country Gin, Sugar—Brown and Loaf, by the barrel or hogshead, Teas—Imperial, Hyson, and Young Hyson—Also,  A parcel of DRY GOODS, Consisting of Woollens, Callimoes, Hats, and Hardware. In addition to the above, he intends keeping a constant supply of  PORK and BEEF. Bread—Pilot, Navy, and Ship, of the first quality—Families may be supplied with small quantities of Pilot Bread, of a superior quality. Cordage of any size or description for negotiable notes or West-India produce. Any orders for the above articles, will be complied with at the shortest notice. Cary Selden. Nov. 23.
For SALE,  73 punch. choice Antigua RUM, 30 do. Grenada do. 600 bushels CORN, 80,000 drawn White and Red Oak STAVES, 60 barrels Pork. George Wilson. November 4.
For SALE, Imported in the Galliot Fortune, captain Norton, from Tenerife,  100 pipes and 90 hhs. L. P. Tene- riffe WINE, of superior quality. Apply to Phinehas Dana. September 28.
Coarse Liverpool SALT, For Sale on board the Ship Courtney, capt. Bryant, lying at my wharf. Apply to William Pennock. Who has on hand,  Liverpool Blown and Cadiz SALT. September 16.
Landing from the ship Planter, and for sale at the subscriber's, at a low advance, A PARCEL OF  Woollens, Bed Ticks, Hosiery, and other GOODS. Thomas Blanchard. September 28.
NOTICE. I am again compelled to solicit all those indebted to the estate of PHILIP COLLINS, deceased, to make immediate payment, as no longer indulgence can be given. Jane Collins, Adm'r. x. December 9.
WANTED for the Ship Sheffield,  A CARPENTER; also, two young LADS, from 14 to 15 years of age, as apprentices, not to go in the cabin or to cook. Apply to Josiah Cowper. December 9.
For SALE,  4000 bushels Ground Allum SALT, And a few well assorted crates of EAR-THENWARE. George Murray, & Co. December 7.
Leather, Cordage, and Loaf Sugar. The subscriber will hereafter expose for Sale at his Warehouse on Campbell's wharf the above Articles, of the manufacture of Norfolk, at reduced prices for Cash, or on short credits only. Theo. Armistead. He will sell or lease for a term of years, the STORES at the end of Marsden's and Rothery's wharves. Feb. 20.
Just received and for sale by the subscriber, from New-York,  4 half pipes 8 qr. casks old London particular Madeira WINE; 20 dozen Old Port do. 20 kegs Beef Tongues; 50 kegs Salmon; 50 do. Mackerel, 30 do. Tongues and Sounds; 20 do. Loaf, 20 bbls. Whiskey; 10 hhs. N. E. Rum; 100 boxes Candles. Also—100 barrels Flour a-float. CARY SELDEN. December 2.
At Private Sale,  By S. MARKS, Jun. Corner of Commerce and Water-street,  10 hhs. Antigua, 12 do. N. E. 50 barrels do. RUM, 30 hhs. and 20 barrels Sugar; 10 pipes Country Gin, 8 pipes Cognac Brandy; 150 boxes Mould Candles, 0 boxes Spermaceti Candles; 4 bales striped Blankets, 3 bales Blue Duff; 1 do. fine Cloths; 2 do. blue Plains, 2 do. Rugs; 1 do. Check Shirts, 34 do. Ticklenburgs and Oznaburgs; 2 do. Heffians, 1 trunk Madras Handkerchiefs October 24.
One Thousand Acres of LAND  FOR SALE, or would be bartered for property in Norfolk. It adjoins the tract on which Grenville Court-House stands, in North-Carolina, and is commonly known by the name of Newby's Folly. For particulars inquire at the Ledger Office. January 26.
Just received for Sale,  25 qr. casks Gordon's old Sherry Wine, 20 boxes Hyson Tea, 30 do. superior quality Young Hyson, 12 pipes Holland Gin, 20 do. Country do. Mackinder & White.
For SALE at my Brew-House,  Strong, Table, and Ship BEER, by the hogshead, barrel, and half barrel—and a constant supply of bottled PORTER in packages and by the dozen. And in Store,  Wines, Liquors, and Groceries, wholesale and retail. Joseph Hayes. Feb. 13.
For RENT, The DWELLING-HOUSE on Granby-street, belonging to captain Vickery, next door to Robert Boush, Esq.—possession will be given on the first day of January next. For terms apply to Alexander Wilson. December 18.
First quality Jamaica COFFEE. Just received and for Sale, 77 tierces and 24 barrels prime Green COFFEE. James & Thomas Tucker. December 28.
Thomas H. Parker,  Offers for Sale, His Great-Bridge MILL, newly fitted up to run two pair of stones—The advantages of this mill are very great, only ten miles from Norfolk, and situated on a never-failing stream; although she works at present only two pair of stones, yet the stream affords an abundant supply for ten pair—Also, a MILL (known by the name of Bell's Mills) about two miles farther, now in complete order, running one pair of stones and two faws—This Mill is supplied with water from very extensive swamps, and in wet season very plentifully; at this place there is a fine, the situation of which, for a lumber floor, is equal if not superior to any in that part of the country—This Mill can be supplied with excellent timber from a tract of land only one mile distant from it, which the farther also offers for sale. This tract contains between 5 and 600 acres, almost entirely covered with timber; the soil, the subscriber confidently believes, is not inferior to any in the lower part of Virginia—Any person purchasing this Plantation would have the benefit of a redivivus within three miles of it, in which any number of cattle may be kept fat during the whole winter. October 5.
Received per schooner Traveller, from Boston, and for Sale, By EDWARD CLARK,  10 tons small, flat, and square Bar Iron, 100 bundles assorted Nail Rods. Nov. 18.
200 boxes Mould CANDLES, 30 half boxes brown Soap, 10 boxes white do. 60 bags Coffee, 5 tierces do. prime green, 4 hogsheads and 10 barrels Loaf Sugar, 12 do. Muscovado do. 10 quarter casks old Sherry Wine, 2 hhs. old L. P. Madeira do. 3 hhs. Red Port, 50 do. retailing Molasses, 15 crates well assorted Queen's Ware, Country Rum and Gin in hhs. and pipes—For Sale by Phinehas Dana. June 8.
For RENT, A commodious small DWELLING, with all suitable out-houses and a good garden, pleasantly situated on Smith's Point. Possession may be had on the first of November. P. Barraud. October 5.
For RENT, The Store, Comping-Room & Cellar, at present occupied by Mess. Wood & Hastings, no. 90, Main-street. Apply to Thomas Willock. August 24.
At the Old CUT-NAIL Manufactory, corner of Main and Church-streets, the subscriber keeps on hand constant supply, and can furnish at short notice, any quantity of
Nails, Flooring Brads and Sprigs, At the following reduced prices, by the Keg—for each only, viz.— 8, 10, 12, and 20d. Nails and Brads at 7 1-2d lb. 6d. Nails, do. 9 1-2d 4d. do. 2s. 9d. m. or 11d 3d. do. 2s. 3d. or 12 1-2d Sheathing, do. 7 1-2d 4 Sprigs, 4s. 6d per M. 6d. do. 2s. 9d 2d. and 3d. do. 2s. 3d He offers also for each only—  HOOP IRON ASSORTED. Thos. Seaman.
For RENT, (And immediate possession given,) The Brick-House, Store, and Cellars, at the corner of Gilbert's Lane, on Main-street, near the market, an excellent stand for a Dry Good or Grocery Store. Apply to Niemeyer & Von Kapff. December 28.
NOTES OF HAND, according to the new form established by the Directors of the Office of Discount and Deposit of the Bank of the United States, for sale at this office.
NOTES for the Virginia Bank; Checks; Bills of Lading, and of Exchange, printed on paper of superior quality; and Shipping Articles on large paper, and approved form. LEDGER OFFICE.
Phœnix Fire Office. The Subscriber, Agent to the PHŒNIX ASSURANCE COMPANY, of London, for the State of Virginia, begs leave to inform the publick, that he is now fully empowered to subscribe Policies of Insurance for property against Fire throughout the United States of America, in conformity to the Proposals herewith subjoined. N. B. FORTY THOUSAND DOLLARS can be insured in one risk on Buildings and their contents, and also on Ships and their Cargoes on board, in the First Class, but in all cases where Ten Thousand Dollars are exceeded, a special agreement must be made with the Agent, and an increase of premium added to those mentioned in the proposals, of not less than one eighth per cent. on the whole sum insured. Richard Taylor. September 8.
NORFOLK: PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A-WEEK,  BY WILLIAM DAVIS, FOR THE PROPRIETOR, Opposite the Exchange Coffee-House. Price Six Dollars yearly, in advance.