The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-09-19 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1791.
[NUMBER 45 OF VOL. I.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
For the POTOMAC GUARDIAN, &c.
ONE of the most successful shafts which the wit of infidels has employed for the demolishing christianity, has been drawn from the variety and inconsistency of opinions, which prevail with respect to some of its principal doctrines, on the subject of regeneration and grace ever since the reformation; this doctrine has been made the ground of contention, and often become the occasion of interrupting the peace of the reformed churches; some pretend to infallibility, all pretend whereto is vain, without miracles to justify and make good this pretence.
Others pretend to be guided by the spirit in all their actions, and to be governed by particular impulses and impressions, which they likewise pretend they can certainly discern from the motions of their own mind; but as they can give no reason for this, so we have found by experience that some have done weak and ridiculous things and then have blasphemously charged them on the holy and tremendous spirit.
Others pretend that the spirit doth dictate to them their prayers, which are many times very confused and unbecoming, and plainly the issue of a heated imagination.
MR. WILLIS,
Please to insert Mr. Baxter's opinion in your next paper—which I enclose you for that purpose, by which you will much oblige a real friend to religion.
Mr. Baxter says—
OVERVALUE not the passionate part of duty, but know that judgement, will and practice, a high esteem of God and holiness, a resolved choice, and a sincere endeavor are the life of grace and duty, when feeling passions are but lower uncertain things. You know not what you do, when you say so much on the passionate part; nor when you strive so much for deep and transporting apprehensions. Those are not the great things, nor essentials of holiness. Too much of this feeling may distract you. God knoweth how much you are able to bear.
Passionate feelings depend much upon nature; some persons are more sensible than others; a little thing goeth deep with some. The wisest and weightiest persons are usually least passionate; and the weakest hardly moderate in their passions. God is not an object of sense, and therefore more fit for the understanding and the will, than the passions to work upon. That is the holiest soul which is most inclined to God, and resolved for him, and conformed to his will, and not that which is affected with the deepest griefs, and fears, and joys, and other such transporting passions. Though it were best, if even holy passions could be raised at the wills command, in that measure which fitteth best for duty. But I have known many complain for want of deeper feelings (as they called their passions) who, if their feelings had been greater, it might have distracted them. I had rather be that christian that loaths himself for sin, resolveth against it, and forsaketh it, though he cannot weep for it, than of those that can weep to day, and sin again to morrow, and whose sinful passions are as quickly stirred as well as their better passions.
Baxter's Christian Directory.
L O N D O N. STATE of POLITICS for this WEEK.
Saturday, July 2.
THE sympathy of nations, has, in the course of this week, been deeply interested, and their curiosity powerfully excited by the flight, capture, and imprisonment of the
ROYAL FAMILY OF FRANCE.
—A King and Queen fleeing from their throne, and seeking an asylum in a foreign land, is a most affecting and instructive spectacle!—How vain and uncertain is human grandeur and felicity! Behold, in the miseries of the great, a vindication of that equality with which Divine Providence distributes its blessings among mankind! Happiness does not so much depend on rank and fortune, as on wisdom and virtue.
Had the Royal personages to whom we allude possessed a larger share of these, they would not, at this time, be in a situation that humanity cannot but deplore. We shall not insist on the grovelling appetites of the King, or the gallantries, dissipation, and extravagance of the Queen in the time of the monarchy; though it may perhaps be allowed, that if the Royal Family had united greater economy with greater dignity and decorum, the minds of the French people would not, so soon, have shaken off that reverence which is natural towards crowned heads. We confine our strictures to what has recently happened. It was folly in the French King to run away from his kingdom, after the first and severest pangs of sorrow at the diminution of his power, we may fairly suppose, were past. It was inhuman to adopt a measure, which, if successful, must have been immediately followed by all the hor-
rors of civil war. It must be allowed that the confinement in which their Majesties actually were at Paris could not but be extremely unpleasing; yet minds of greater wisdom and fortitude would have tempored, and patiently looked forward to some of those changes of circumstances, which the mutability of human affairs, especially in the loftiest situations, bring about in every condition of life. The revenue allowed by the National Assembly for maintaining the Royal dignity was truly munificent, being upwards of a million sterling annually. The executive government was left in the hands of the King—under some checks indeed; but checks that might be eluded, after the first ardours of liberty were over, by that influence, that executive power, an imperial fortune, the Royal name, and the prepossession of mankind in favour of the great, usually bestow on Kings and Princes. Indolence and the enervation of low pleasure seemed, at first, in poor Louis XVI. to supply the place of judicious and even refined policy. He yielded to every thing. He assumed the tone of the day, whatever it was; he took the oath to the nation with his subjects; he promised that the Dauphin should receive an education suitable to the principles of the regenerated constitution.
If in this pacific track he had persevered, within a very short time the confidence of the nation would have been assumed, and the tide of popular favour, as in England in the case of Charles II. would have some time, and in some degree or other, have returned. Disputes, jealousies, factions must, in the natural progress of things have arisen among the popular leaders; and a door for Royal interference, influence, and preponderancy, would have been opened. There is in man a disposition to think that the former times were better than the present, though as Solomon very justly observes, he does not consider wisely in this. Disappointed hopes, incumbent years, various losses, induce men to cast on former years a look of tender anguish and soft regret. This disposition would have conspired with the circumstances above mentioned, to restore the Royal Family of France, not to despotism, but to a happy and noble state, the first family in wealth, dignity, and power, in a great and free nation!
The ill-advised conduct of the miserable Monarch, has precluded him from the benefit of all those advantages, cemented the union among those whom he regards as his enemies, builds up and consolidates the fabric of the new government, and threatens misery and ruin to those that are nearest to him in relationship, and that are dearest from their unfortunate attempts to fulfil his pleasure. Such is the catastrophe that has arisen from the counsels of those men who, instead of moderating matters on both sides, and reconciling the easy mind of the King to his situation, excited him to flight, and ideas of arms, blood, and conquest.
But if M. de Calonne and others advised the King to have recourse to arms, they should have furnished him with a plausible and popular manifesto. The proclamation of the King is full of personal inconveniences and hardships, and complaints relative to the diminution of his power!—This was extremely ill judged. It would have been wiser, that is more conducive to the end it was designed to produce, to have said very little of himself at all, to have on-
ly touched in the slightest manner, and with an imposing delicacy, on what concerned himself, and employed his whole consideration on the injuries suffered by different orders of men and the calamities too likely to arise from faction, confusion, and anarchy to the people.
The address of the National Assembly to the people of France, in reply to the King's proclamation, is such as might be expected from the enlightened representatives of the French, a nation united among themselves, and breathing a spirit of liberty. Confident in the spirit of liberty, and internal union and harmony, they smile with contempt at the machinations of despotism, and even defy the world in arms; and they express themselves in that bold, laconic, and sublime manner which high passions and views are naturally calculated to produce.—“To subjugate the French empire, the nation must be annihilated. Let despotism form, if it dares, such an enterprize, and it will be forced to submit, or at the end of its triumphs, find nothing but a heap of ruins.” Here they seem to have an eye to the heroism, and the fate of Numantia and Saguntum.
The royal function in France, is for the present suspended, and supplied, as in our own country two years ago, by a great seal and the minister of state. A wide field for conjecture is here opened. But in this we shall not enter; but carefully attend, and regularly lay before our readers, the most authentic and important facts.
But the conduct and the fate of the King and Queen of France recur to the mind again and again. The King has betrayed all the dishonorable symptoms of a mind sunk in sensuality and enervated by pleasure—catching at the transient gratifications of the palate, and anxious only about life, and civil treatment! Poor unhappy man—see what it is to be a King! Hedged and protected by the veil of ceremony, distance, and train of sounding titles, Louis XVI. at one period was regarded as the good King of France, and the great and respectable patron of America, and civil freedom—that veil is rudely torn away, and the poor monarch appears blind and naked! Louis will probably be deposed, and suffered to vegetate, but the fate of the Queen is more uncertain; yet we hope, that “they will not spill her blood,” if this indeed be not a smaller punishment to a very high spirited Princess than disgrace and perpetual confinement.
The political effects of what lately happened in France may be expected to be considerable. Had the King made good his junction with the Princes of the blood, and their adherents, the arms of the Emperor of Sardinia, and of Spain, would have been immediately employed in, or on France. Now they will be at liberty to act in other quarters.
It has appeared in the course of this week, that the British government will yet find it a very arduous task to maintain the honour of the nation with regard both to Russia and Spain.
The Empress of Russia, at the same time that she holds the most civil and friendly language, is not disposed to give up Oczakow; nor his most Catholic Majesty to indemnify the expenses and losses sustained by Mr. Meares, at Nootka-Sound. The King of Spain rides rusty, in hopes, no doubt, of finding powerful allies, if he should be attacked by Britain, in the Czarina, and the Emperor of Germany.
THE CENSUS of the several States so far as returns are made into the office of the Secretary of State. No returns being yet received from those marked with an asterisk, their numbers are stated conjecturally, in order to give an idea of the aggregate amount of the whole.
   DISTRICTS. Free white males of 16 years & upwards, including heads of families. Free white under sixteen years. Free white females, including heads of families. All other free persons. Slaves. Total. Members to Congress. Fractions.       *Vermont 85 000 2   New Hampshire 36,086 34,851 70,160 630 158 141 885 4 21 822   { Maine 24 384 24,748 46,870 538 none 96,540   { Massachusetts 95,453 87,289 109 582 5 463 none 378,787 15 25 337   Rhode-Island 16,019 15,799 32,653 3 407 948 68,825 2 8 477   Connecticut 60 523 54,493 117,448 2 808 2,704 237,946 7 27 393   New-York 83,700 78,122 152 220 4,654 21,324 330,120 11 1 590   New Jersey 45,251 41,416 83,287 2,762 1,453 184,189 5 20 556   Pennsylvania 110,788 106 948 206 303 6 537 3 737 434,373 14 12 879   Delaware 11,783 12,143 22,384 3,899 8 887 59,094 1 25 546   Maryland 55,915 51 339 101,395 8,043 103,036 319,728 9 8 504   { Virginia 110 936 116,135 215 046 12,866 292,627 747 610   { Kentucky 15 154 17,957 28 922 114 12,430 73 677 23 9 263   North-Carolina 69 988 77,506 140,710 4,975 100 572 398,751 11 23 523   *South-Carolina *240,000 6   Georgia. 18,103 14,044 25,749 398 29,264 82,548 2 10 842   Three Million, Eight hundred & eighty four Thousand and twenty three 3,884,023 112 307 204 742   *South Western Territory *30,000   *North Western Territory *5 000   3 919 23  

Foreign Advices.
By the Ship Union, Captain Whitlock, from Liverpool, and the Atalanta, Captain Jones, from London, arrived at New-York, we have received the following Advices:
P A R I S, June 30.
THE Assembly hitherto act with prudence and becoming dignity, though some of the members seem to wish to take some steps that might yet throw the kingdom into carnage. The appointment of a Governor for the Dauphin, has been one of the first considerations. One member, perhaps more conceited than wise, advanced, that beyond their walls there was not a man in the kingdom equal to the charge. The majority agreed, however, that no member of the Assembly should be appointed; and decreed, that the Prince's Governor should be elected by the representatives of the nation. A list is to be formed of such persons as may be deemed most capable, in order to assist those members, who, without such a list, may not be able to make any choice; but any citizen not included in the list may be elected. The system of the Prince's education is to be determined by the Assembly.
While the Assembly receive, on one hand, the congratulatory addresses of various municipalities, districts, departments and clubs, in different parts of the kingdom, on the other hand, every day brings accounts of officers who quit the regiment, and are retiring into foreign countries, rather than take the oaths lately prescribed by the Assembly. Some of them have been arrested; but a considerable number have escaped.
What will be the final event of all these troubles it is yet too early to foretel. The republican party now declare their sentiments as publicly, and with as little restraint, as they would on any subject of the greatest indifference. The History of Charles I. is in every body's mouth, and the club called "The Brotherly Society," who are a kind of agents to the Jacobines, have formed a petition to the National Assembly, (and by a public advertisement requested the signature of every citizen) the object of which is, without any disguise, to demand the abolishment of monarchy, and the establishment of a republican government. They speak of their Majesties under the title of late King , and the late Queen . By the by, the word Reine (Queen) is effaced from the French language; the term, King's Wife , is substituted in its place.
His Majesty is not, at present, in the exercise of any public function.
Apartments for the King had been made ready, by the order of M. de Bouille, in the abbey of Orval.
The Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment Royal-Allemand, who has been arrested upon the frontiers, acknowledges that he received orders from M. de Bouille to protect the King's flight by force; and that, in order to encourage the soldiers, he had distributed among them five and twenty Louis per company, and an hundred to the first squadron. He had also promised, that the King would take them for his guard, if he succeeded in his attempt.
July 3. Monsieur de Bouille's letter has till now been looked upon as an artful attempt to impose upon the National Assembly; the President, however, after comparing it with the writings of that gentleman, has declared its authenticity; and this opinion has been confirmed by M. de la Fayette, who has just received a packet, marked Luxembourg, sealed with the arms of the Military Fugitive, and containing two printed copies of this celebrated galconade.
At Stroßburg the people have burnt in effigy Messieurs. Bouille, Klinglin and Heymann. On each of their breasts was this label:—"A Traitor to his country!" Before burning them, they were carried through the streets on the hangman's cart.
On Sunday last all the Ministers waited on the King, and were half an hour with him in his apartment.
It is reported that General Luckner commands at Metz, in place of M. de Bouille.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.
SUNDAY, July 3.
Intelligence from the Frontiers.
By order of the President the following letters were read to the Assembly:
"Paris, June 29."
"The directors have the honour to inform the National Assembly, that the Spaniards have entered our departments by three different routes. We want troops of the line, arms and ammunition. We shall attentively communicate such intelligence to the National Assembly, as the circumstances of the time may render expedient."
"Bourdeaux, June 31."
"We received this moment, from Pau, a letter of the 29th, announcing the entry of the Spanish troops, in the vallies of Bareton and Aspe, and the country called Soure. We have with all promptitude taken the necessary measures to send them ammunition, and a detachment of national troops, for we have neither troops of the line nor commandant of a division. We have ordered Mr. Fouillac, Director of the Basle-Pyrenees, who is now here, to repair immediately to his post. He will do the needful, and without delay send thither officers of trust to command the troops we shall assemble. Rely upon our zeal; we have sworn to live freemen, or to die; and we will keep our oath unshaken."
"Signed by the Directors, DE LA GIRONDE."
M. Nerac read another letter of a later date from the same department. The following were its particulars:—"The Spaniards have re-entered their
limits; it seems the intelligence of the King's arrest has altered their operations. All our care has been exerted to keep back the ardour of the national troops. At four o'clock, P. M. we learned the entry of the Spaniards; by eight o'clock the artillery was embarked, and considerable force prepared for the morrow. We add to this, a copy of a letter addressed to us by the department des Landes, stating that the retreat of the Spaniards had been announced to them by the district d'Orthez, informed by a courier expedient from Naverennes."
A member, deputy from this Department, read a letter, in which it was stated, that the entry of the Spanish troops was occasioned solely by a contention between the Basque and Spaniards about the exportation of some timber.
M. d'Andre was of opinion, that this violation of territory was merely the consequence of a quarrel, and no more to be deemed an invasion, than the landing of the English in the heretofore Province of Brittany.
L O N D O N, July 12.
Contracts, by the victualling-office for the navy, still continue to be made, as if a war was actually expected.
We have, by this day's mail, received information, that the Austrians have appeared inclined to oppose the passage of the Turks, which, had it taken place, would have delivered the Russians, in Gallachia, to their enemies, the Turks attacked the advanced posts, on the 10th of June.
The Austrians, at first, suffered considerably, and lost about 240 men, 63 of whom were hussars; but having received a re-enforcement, they afterwards repulsed the Turks, who lost about 600 men.
It was yesterday confidently asserted, that good news had arrived, via France, from India. The report was, that the Algouillon packet brought advices from Madris, that Tippoo had given way where it was expected he would have made the most formidable stand. This news, gaining general credit, raised the price of India stock.
It is now said to be certain, that no fleet will sail from hence to the Baltic this season.
UNITED STATES.
V E R M O N T.
B E N N I N G T O N, August 15.
Monsoon, July 15, 1791.
AS squirrels have been uncommonly numerous in this part of the country, the people have had several hunting matches, in order to prevent their destroying the wheat. The people in this town hunted one day and a half, last week, in two parties; our party killed 383, the other party killed 353; making in the whole 736. The people of Vergennes hunted one day in May, with eleven men on each side, and they killed 395; they then agreed to hunt from the first of June to the first Thursday of July, carrying their guns with them to work, and hunting occasionally, and they killed 4273.
M A S S A C H U S E T T S.
S A L E M, August 23.
Last Saturday, Capt. Lewis arrived at Marblehead from Bilboa; which he left on the 15th of June. He informs, that the Spanish Government were extremely jealous of the French; and it was said that a time was fixed for all French residents to quit the kingdom, under a pretext that the great fire at Madrid last year was occasioned by Frenchmen. A story was also propagated, that the French King and the Marquis de la Fayette were imprisoned in Paris; which, if untrue, serves to shew that pains are taken to give the affairs of France the most unfavourable aspect in Spain.
B O S T O N, August 29.
Extract of a letter from Cape-Francois, dated August 6, 1791, to the Editors, brought by Capt. Joseph Howland, who arrived here on Friday last, in 18 days from the Cape.
"Some of the members of our new Assemblee Coloniale , have met at Leogane, near Port-au-Prince, for the purpose of executing the legislative part of the government of this colony. As soon as the body is formed, they will fix on a place to hold their sessions in future. Whether they decide in favor of this place, Port-au-Prince, St. Mark, the Mole or Leogane, is as yet uncertain."
"The decree of the National Assembly, respecting the entire freedom of the Mulattoes, is very ill received in the colony. The provincial assembly at this place, have written to the King, the National Assembly, and the people of France, in different addresses on the subject.—Other bodies, of merchants, officers of the volunteers, &c. &c. have had meetings likewise; and have voted and resolved similar to the meetings in New-England, previous, to the commencement of the last war."
"These things portend future disturbances here: and the measures already adopted speak the troubles at no great distance. The forts in and about the town are putting in order. At the Pacoet, a fort which commands the entrance into the harbour, commissaries are appointed to keep an eye upon the garrison stationed there. At the entrance of the town by land, the forts have been put in order; and others in different places are not neglected: All
* They have adjourned to Cape-Francois.
these preparations are making on account of the expected arrival of a considerable fleet, with 5,000 troops from France, which is looked for daily, and which, almost unanimously, the colony are determined to oppose should they attempt to enforce the decree above mentioned;—and it is certain this is the errand of the fleet from Bourdeaux. To prevent their entrance here, a chain is preparing to put across the channel, which will serve at least as a momentary check to their passage, while the fire from the Pacoet will do it effectually.—I can say nothing decisive what will be done to prevent the execution of the decree, which every one is enthusiastically enraged at."
N E W - Y O R K.
N E W - Y O R K, August 31.
An opinion has too much prevailed with women who suckle their children, that indulging themselves in the use of fruits and vegetables has a tendency to grip their infants, and generate wind in their bowels. It would be a good rule for them, on this occasion, to consider, that on the preservation of their own general good health the thriftiness of their infants will materially depend, and that, if I judge right, the free and judicious use of ripe fruits and vegetables are most likely to procure these happy advantages to both, and the suspicion of their disagreeing with either is founded in error.
The despots of Europe seem dreadfully alarmed, lest, in their respective dominions, the chains of slavery should melt away, like icicles, before the powerful beams of the Sun of Liberty, that now gilds with glorious lustre the horizon of France. We need not therefore be surprised, that they should gladly employ and reward a Burke, or any other magician, for conjuring up fogs, and clouds, and darkness, to intercept his rays, and to prevent them from penetrating the frozen atmosphere of the neighbouring nations.
It is time, at length, that man should hold his life upon some more secure and permanent tenure, than the whims and caprices of tyrants and courtiers. Mankind are sensible of this: they have already begun to see their own dignity; to feel, that the hand of the Almighty created them for a nobler purpose, than to be the sport of monarchies, or of the ministers, minions, or mistresses of monarchies. The abuses of the enormous power, hitherto enjoyed by Kings, have at length convinced the honest and candid part of the world, that power can no where be so safely lodged, as in the hands of the people at large, to be delegated by them, in such portions as they think proper, and resumed whenever they think it expedient.
It was formerly a matter of the utmost importance, that Kings and Rulers should see and acknowledge some few of the natural rights of man. At present their acknowledging them, or not, is happily of as little consequence, as it would be, whether the detected thief acknowledges the justice of restoring what he has stolen, or feels the propriety of his undergoing the discipline of the law, for his illegal practices. The people see their rights, and that is sufficient: for (thank heaven!) the time is come, when Kings must no longer dare to prescribe their sovereign will, as the only rule of action. On the contrary, the sovereign will of the people is henceforward to be the rule, by which those sceptred servants of the public are to regulate their own conduct.
In America (separated as we are, by the vast Atlantic, from the crooked politics of the Eastern world) the people may rule supreme, until time shall be no more unless they suffer themselves to be cheated of their liberties, by the sophistry of ambitious men: for as to force, that is out of the question. The man, who attempts to rob them of that safest method practised with the unwary inhabitants of Africa, that of persuading them, that what they possess is a thing of no value, and thus inducing them to barter it, of their own accord, for monarchy or aristocracy. From either of these a greater inundation of evils would overflow the United States, than Africa has experienced from the rum and gun powder, taken in exchange for her valuable commodities.
We are happy to find that America can so well dispense with the service of other nations, in the carrying trade; and is already able to repay some of the assistance she formerly received from them in that line. This will plainly appear from a view of the shipping in the port of Liverpool, on the 23d of last June: for, of a number of vessels bound thence for the different ports of the United States, five only belonging to Britain, whereas the American flag was displayed by twenty!
The great and rapid increase of our shipping is a glaring proof, that the times are altered! And we hope no man will deny, that, with respect to America, they are altered for the better; and that our commerce, aided by liberty and independence, is already productive of blessings, which, though placed before our eyes, we would be unable to grasp, if our hands were fettered by arbitrary power, whether that power resided in a King, or in an aristocracy.
The English and Dutch, heretofore the universal carriers, have proved by their successful practice, that the text, "whosoever will be chief among you, let him be your servant" is literally true in more senses than one. They, as the humble servants of all mankind, carried the produce of every nation, from one extremity of the globe to the other; and thus soon rose, in wealth and greatness, superior to their employers. As we seem to have taken the hint in this country, it is to be hoped we will stick to our text.

The above quoted text is equally applicable to Kings and Princes: for those honest gentlemen, though in reality but the servants of the people, yet talk and act as lords and masters. If they would but take example by our Congress, they would learn better manners. For, although our Congress have the honor of being as much the servants of the people, as any Kings on the face of the earth; yet Congress (to their credit be it spoken!) do not claim the same privilege of being masters; and we sincerely hope they never will!
P E N N S Y L V A N I A.
P H I L A D E L P H I A, September 7.
Emigrations from England to France, as from tyranny to freedom, would be a novelty in the history of the world—and yet, strange as it may appear, the idea is contemplated by some persons in England, as an event not the most distant or improbable. One good turn deserves another; it is about a century only, since Great-Britain was the asylum of thousands of Frenchmen, who fled from the despotism of Louis le Grand. At present the emigrations from France are a new thing under the sun, they consist of refugees from a country, now laid to be the most free of any in Europe.
Extract of a letter from Niagara, dated the 2d of August, 1791, to a gentleman on the Mohawk river.
“We have some reason to hope that Colonel Simcoe, our proposed governor, may come to this country by way of your sea-ports, authorised to settle with Congress the doubtful line of division—which must be a pleasant thing to both countries.—Captain Joseph Brant, after having attended for some time the councils of the western Indians at the Miami-River, set off a few days ago for Quebec, attended with several of the chiefs from that quarter; as they avowedly go to ask Lord Dorchester's advice, and as we well know his and government's strong desire for peace, we would gladly hope that it may be the means of bringing on an accommodation—much will depend on the moderation of your side—you have strength and power, I doubt not, to drive them to the last extremities—but when you consider that, most assuredly, their next resource will be to accept the strong offers and pressing instances of the Spaniards, to settle on their side, and that the only motive for these offers is to form a barrier between you and them, which by restraining your frontier-settlements, will keep you at a distance from them, of which they are so jealous. When you consider the present animosity of the Indians, aggravated by the loss of their lands, and every thing dear to them, policy and humanity will perhaps dictate an accommodation on reasonable terms, as preferable to the greatest success, which may probably entail a cruel predatory war on the defenceless settlers of your western boundaries for many years.”
M A R Y L A N D.
B A L T I M O R E, September 9.
Captain Lewis, arrived at Marblehead, from Bilboa, brings Advice, that the Spanish Government were exceedingly jealous of the French Residents who were ordered to quit the Kingdom of Spain, under a Pretext that the great Fire at Madrid, some Time last Year, was occasioned by Frenchmen.
G E O R G E - T O W N, September 10.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Fort-Tobacco, to his friend in this town.
“An accident of the most melancholy nature took place in the neighbourhood of this town, on the 27th of August last. A Mr. Thompson, a young gentleman of a very respectable character, having previously agreed with his friend, Mr. Goodrick, to go a gunning in the afternoon; according to appointment, he went up to Mr. G's room, who had retired on account of the heat; and having roused him from his bed, he previously replied he would not then go. Mr. T. thus disappointed, turned suddenly round with intent to leave the room; at which time the trigger of the gun caught in some part of his clothes, and unfortunately went off, and lodged the contents in the head of Mr. G. who was then sitting in a reclined posture on the bed. In this distressing situation, Mr. T. immediately sent for a Mr. Sewall, a near neighbour, and brother-in-law to the deceased, no white person being about the house. In the mean time struck with horror at his situation, dreading the consequences of a confession, and Mr. Sewall arriving produced an evasive answer that rather hurt than mitigated contingent circumstances. He afterwards came to town for the purpose of consulting with some friends capable of conducting it as it best might suit, but in this deranged state of mind was incapable of collecting sufficient fortitude for the occasion. On the discovery of the murder he made a faint attempt to escape; but afterwards gave himself up, and is now confined for trial.”
“Circumstances, at first, gave it every appearance of a willful deed, but the principal reason for such a supposition ought to be considered in a very different light. He had a Power of Attorney, from the deceased to sell as much of a tract of land as would pay a considerable debt; but what was to be expected from that—it was granted for the express purpose of satisfying that debt, and could not be of service to any person. His saying to Mr. S. when he sent for him, that he had lent Mr. G. money, and that he informed him of it, as a relation to the deceased is equally futile and appears to have been made use of merely as an evasion, having sent for him as on business, per express. On the whole, Mr. Thompson's chamber—his not making use of three days silence to escape—his giving himself up—the proof that the gun will go off at half-cock, with a very slight touch—and that for these many weeks past they have been together at all times, day and night, and in the most unfrequented places, fishing, fowling, and hunting, &c. all tend to the confirmation of its being accidental.”
S H E P H E R D ' S - T O W N, September 19.
By an arrival at New-York, from Liverpool, English papers are received to the 15th July; they inform the Avignon army continue to commit great devastation in that country—that Carpentras is yet besieged—that an earthquake has been felt at Rochelle in France—that hostilities have recommenced between the Turks and Austrians; that a fire had consumed the Admiralty building in Amsterdam, with naval stores, sails, cordage, &c. enough for 13 ships of the line. That favorable accounts had been received by the British from India; that no fleet was to sail for the Baltic this season; that Vienna and all Hungary exhibits nothing but an appearance of war; that the Russians made an attempt to surprise Brahamlow, but without effect—and that the Captain Pacha was in search of the Russian fleet on the Black Sea.
Extract of a letter from Sharpsburg, Washington County, Maryland, dated August 26.
“I was induced by the report of the tavern-keeper in this village, to visit a young woman in a trance; a circumstance which had often attracted the notice of all the neighbourhood, and was much talked of. I set out in the morning, accompanied by several persons, to see this extraordinary sight, and when we arrived at the house, which is about one mile distant from Sharpsburg, there were collected there near thirty persons of different sexes, whom curiosity had drawn together. After we were there some time, we were called in to prayer, when a hymn was sung, after which this young woman kneeled down and prayed in the German language about fifteen minutes, and again in the English language, about the same time, with great earnestness and fervour. When prayer was over, she lay down on a bed in the same room, and immediately appeared to go into an hysterical fit; her breath went and came very quick and with apparent agony for about ten minutes, till at length she seemed quite dead. After she had lain in this state some minutes, a noise proceeded from her nostrils, like the sound of an eolian harp, or music at a distance, which continued at times, during her trance, but not constantly. In about an hour after she awoke, and in the space of half an hour from that time she began to talk; she said she had been in heaven, and saw several of her acquaintances there, who had departed this life and are very happy, and that she had eat and drank there. Her name is Rosannah Orndeff, the daughter of Christian Orndeff; she is aged about nineteen years, and has been in this way, at different times, since the 4th of February last; she has neither eat nor drank much since that period—bread and a little water seems to be her only subsistence. Several clergymen and others, of all ages and sexes, visit her out of curiosity.—This strange affair is become much the subject of conversation throughout this neighbourhood.”
* A more particular account of the above is printed in a Pamphlet, and now selling at the Printing-Office.
The following is extracted from the Pamphlet, just published, relative to the celebrated ROSANNAH ORNDEFF, a resident near SHARPSBURG.
This young girl, of seventeen years of age, of honest and discreet parents, who live at present, and have done for these many years past, near Sharpsburg, was some time since alarmed about the salvation of her soul, by the influence of a sermon she heard from a Methodist Preacher . At this time she was in usual good health. The impressions she received were deep and powerful; her affections were engaged; her heart was warmed; and her imagination extremely elevated. Jesus was the theme of her song—That a Saviour, the Son of GOD, should condescend to come into the world, arrayed with heavenly majesty, and suffer the death of the cross for man, who had rendered himself unworthy any favors, was an idea so sublime, it never entered her mind—but tears flowed down her cheeks. Her conversation at different times was often interrupted by an effusion of heart more powerfully expressed than the description of language. The impressions on her mind were soon visible in her countenance, by a fixed and settled melancholy. A dejection of spirits—loss of appetite—decline of health—a strong propensity for retirement—and, when in company, an aversion to speech, with that solemn silence which marks grief too deeply fixed to be removed by utterance; she often found a temporary relief in prayer; in offering up her heart to that GOD who is ever present, and ever ready to help. The sublimity of whose attributes, when they first entered her feeble mind, unaccustomed to thought or reflection, struck her with astonishment. A general debility soon prevailed over her body. For these some months past she has, occasionally, been confined to her bed. Her diet is extremely light, and consists mostly of fruit. During the whole of her indisposition, once in twenty-four hours, at a particular period, all the functions of the body cease to perform their office. Life appears suspended. During this interim, after she has recovered, she declares with the most solemn assurances, and many most sincerely believe her, that she has been to Heaven—seen Christ—and partook of the pleasures, and enjoyed the company of Angels—with a great many other wild, incoherent and unconnected deceptions.
MANY thousands of idle and curious people, from different parts of the country, have come to see, hear, and question; to look and wonder, and wonder and look—and, if possible, to obtain some information how their affairs and concerns may stand in the other world; which, a little previous enquiry into their own hearts and actions, conduct and characters, would have ascertained with more accuracy than phantom spirits, or Saint Rozo Villozo , passing and repassing from this world to the other.
[For a continuation see the PAMPHLET.]
The following notification was published some time since in Bristol, England.
“The Friends of Freedom, residing in Bristol, and its environs, are reminded, that the commemoration of the FRENCH REVOLUTION, and the emancipation of twenty-four millions of our fellow-creatures from Slavery, will take place on the 14th of July.”
“The citizens of the world unanimously rejoice at the celebration of so happy an era in the history of human occurrences.—The Inhabitants of London, to the number of four thousand and upwards, have already agreed to celebrate a day so auspicious, so pregnant with the happiness and freedom of the human race, and shall the citizens of Bristol, so universally remarked for their attachment to civil and religious liberty, be the last to follow an example so consonant to their wishes, so approved by their understanding, and so honourable to their principles? May God forbid!”
MR. WILLIS,
Your giving the following extract, a place in the Potowmac Guardian , will oblige a friend to the laws and good behaviour of this Commonwealth.
Extract from the acts of the VIRGINIA Assembly. Anno Reipublicae Conditar Quarto—or, the 4th year of the Commonwealth.
ANY Tavern-Keeper, who shall permit cards, dice, billiards, or any instrument of gaming, to be made use of in his house, or shall permit any person to bet or play for money, or other goods, in any out-house, or under any booth, arbour, or other place, upon the messuage or tenement he possesses, and shall not make information thereof, and give in the names of the offenders to the next Court which may be held for the county, city or borough wherein he resides, shall be deprived of his license, and moreover, shall pay to the informer ONE HUNDRED POUNDS, to be recovered by action of debt, in any Court of Record within this Commonwealth.
To-Morrow will be published, by the Printer hereof.
[PRICE EIGHT PENCE.]
The SECOND EDITION of the Pamphlet, entitled, A L E T T E R From Miss S—— to Mrs. R——, who, on her way to BATH, visited
Saint Rozo Villozo!
The most celebrated Personage in this part of the country, and now residing near SHARPSBURG.
By virtue of a Decree of the Court of Berkeley, will be exposed to sale, the third Tuesday in October next, being Court day, that Lot of Land in the Town of Martinsburg, where Mr. Joseph Somerville now dwells, on which is a good Log-House, two story high, with cellar underneath, a kitchen with a convenient cellar under it, a stable, and garden pailed in, all in good tenantable repair. Also, two likely female SLAVES (the property of Joseph Somerville) to satisfy James Hendricks (Mortgagee.) JAMES M'ALESTER, late Sheriff, Berkeley County. August 25th, 1791.
ALL Persons indebted to the Subscriber, are hereby most earnestly solicited to make payment;—and, as an inducement to comply with this request, he will receive merchantable WHEAT at FIVE SHILLINGS, Pennsylvania currency, per bushel, if delivered within one month from this date, at Worthington or Shively's mills:—After which time, those who remain indebted to him, may rely on their several arrearages being immediately demanded in cash.
ALEXANDER ROGERS.
Martinsburg, Sept. 16, 1791.
F O R S A L E, At PUBLIC AUCTION
On the 4th day of October next, at ten o'clock, (Where twelve months credit will be given) At the plantation of Thomas Crow, near Hall's mill, Cows, Hogs, Farming Utensils, and Household Furniture—Corn on the ground, Hay, and several other articles. Due attendance will be given by me,
THOMAS CROW.
Sept. 5, 1791.
ANY person wanting to hire a good Saddle Horse, may be supply'd on application at the Printing-Office.
A few Tickets in Mr. T. WHITE'S Lottery, are for sale at the Printing-Office.
Any Gentleman wanting a rider at the ensuing Martinsburg Races, may hear of a person of a suitable weight, and who practiced the business many years in Ireland, by applying to the Printer hereof.
For sale, at this Office. Lawyer's Declarations of every kind, and Deeds of Bargain and Sale,

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
From the FREEMAN'S JOURNAL.
An Address to my OLD HAT.
TWO years acquainted, must we part? The very thought afflicts my heart. Sheltering my head from sun and storm, You keep it either cool or warm, Tho' fashionable folks extol The covert of the Parasol, To patriotism and virtue true, Still "my old Hat," I stick to you. But now (so time and fate decree) Alas! you scarcely stick to me. Although no Buckle you could boast, Whose lustre charm'd the blooming toast. Yet daily freed from dust or rain, You grac'd the town or deck'd the plain, At times, (your genuine form display'd) The own dispens'd an equal shade. Triangular you next appear'd, By gentle Belles, and Beaux rever'd. Now one-third cock'd, the cock behind, You shield the face from sun and wind. Whether compos'd of wool or fur, Who can in prais'd thee demur? The college-cap some slightly prize, The Turk's fierce Turban we despise, The Straw Hat justly you disclaim, That thing which dares usurp your name; And Liberty, with many a frown, Beholds both coronet and crown. Since, my old Hat! I you respect, Let none my humble strains reject, Thus your functions may perform, And shield my head from many a storm! EPAMINONDAS.
Martinsburg Races.
THE RACES at MARTINSBURG, will commence on TUESDAY, the 4th of OCTOBER next, on which day will be run for, over a fine course, near the town, the JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of FORTY GUINEAS, free only for Members of the Club. Heats 4 miles each. Aged horses carrying 126. Six years old 119. Five years old 108. Four years old 98. And three years old a feather.
No horse will be permitted to start unless the rider be dressed in a silk jacket, half boots, and jockey-cap.
A meeting of the Members is desired the day preceding the races, at the house of JAMES GRAHAM. MICHAEL M'KEWAN, Sec.
August 26, 1791.
On Wednesday, the day following, will be run for, over the same ground, a PURSE of THIRTY POUNDS, Maryland currency, three mile heats, free for any horse, mare, or gelding, paying one shilling in the pound, entrance, and carrying weight agreeable to the rules of the JOCKEY CLUB.
And on Thursday following, will be run for, over the same ground, a PURSE of TWENTY POUNDS of the above currency, free for any horse, mare, or gelding, except the horses winning the two preceding days—two mile heats—paying entrance and carrying weight as above.
The horses to be entered with WILLIAM SKINNER and ROBERT M'KNIGHT, on the day preceding each race, or double entrance will be demanded.
On Friday, the day following, will be run for, over the same ground, a handsome Sweepstakes, free for any horse, mare, or gelding, except such as have won some one of the purses—one mile heats—with a catch upon each.
WILLIAM SKINNER, ROBERT M'KNIGHT, DAVID WOLGAMOTT.
A GRAMMAR SCHOOL,
WILL be opened in MARTINSBURG, on the 20th of September next, where the Subscriber purposes teaching the Latin and Greek Languages, in the manner practised in Dickinson College, (Carlisle)—Those who favour him with encouragement, may rely upon strict attention being paid, not only to the instruction of the youth committed to his charge in the above-mentioned languages, but also to their manners and morals. The price of tuition at 5l. per ann. Subscriptions will be taken in by Mr. ROBERT M'KNIGHT, Martinsburg, and Mr. SAMUEL PORTER, Williamsport.
JOHN M'CORMICK.
August 31, 1791.
To be sold, by the Subscriber, 140 Acres of Land
IN BERKELEY COUNTY, Within 4 miles of Shepherd's-Town, about 60 acres of which are now under improvement; on which is a new square LOG-HOUSE, and the fence in good repair.
All persons indebted to the Estate of ROBERT BUCKLES, senior, deceased, are requested to make payment; and those who have any demands against the same, are likewise requested to bring them in, as an immediate settlement of the above estate, is intended.
WILLIAM BUCKLES, Executor.
A Mill for sale.
BY Virtue of a Decree of the Court of BERKELEY County, and State of VIRGINIA, will be exposed to sale by PUBLIC VENDUE, upon the first day of February next, if fair, if not the next fair day, a MERCHANT-MILL, with the Lot, Premises, and Buildings thereunto belonging, late the property of HENRY COOKCUS, deceased, and now in the possession of CHRISTIAN ORENDORFER.
Also, the Stone Dwelling-House, and Ground-Rents of the said estate, late of the said COOKCUS, deceased, all situate in Shepherd's-Town, in the County and State aforesaid.
The terms of sale will be, one third part of the purchase money to be paid in twelve months from the day of sale, one other third part within two years after the day of sale, and the remaining third part within three years after the day of sale.
By order of the Court.
JOHN KEARSELY, } Trustees. HENRY BEDINGER. }
BERKELEY COUNTY, July 25, 1791. 6m.
At a Court of Quarter Sessions, held for BERKELEY County, the 16th day of August, 1791.
WILLIAM MUNFORD, Compt. } In Chancery. MARTIN KERSHNER, Deft. }
THE Defendant not having entered his appearance agreeable to an Act of Assembly, and according to the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that he is no inhabitant of this County: On the motion of the Complainant, by his Council, Ordered, That the said Defendant do appear here on the third Tuesday of November next, to answer the bill of the Complainant, and that a copy of this Order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at the Church in the Parish of Norborne, in the County aforesaid, on some Sunday after divine service, and also at the Court-House door of the said County.
A copy. Teste. MOSES HUNTER, C. B. C.
Robinson, Sanderson and Co.
Have just received per the Ship LANCASTER, Capt. BROWN, from WHITEHAVEN,
A large and general ASSORTMENT of FALL GOODS,
Which are now opening at Their Warehouse on PRINCE-STREET, ALEXANDRIA,
And will be ready for sale, by the Piece or Package only, in a few days.
Alexandria, 25th August, 1791.
N. B. The arrival of those GOODS, they hope will enable their Friends to lay in their supplies early, which is a very great advantage.
They expect another vessel in the course of a month or five weeks, with a further assortment of Fall Goods. R. S. & Co.
Notice!
THE Partnership of STINE and MILLER, HATERS, being dissolved, the Subscriber informs his Friends and the Public, that he continues the business at his shop near Mr. JOHN BROWN's, in Princess-Street, where HATS of every kind and quality are manufactured, on as reasonable terms as at any other shop in this place.
GODLIP STINE.
Cash given for FURS.
Shepherd's-Town, August 22, 1791.
Cash given for clean Linen or Cotton Rags, at this Office.
Copper and Tin WARE, &c.
THE Subscriber, in the most respectful Manner, informs the Public in general, and the Inhabitants of Martinsburg and its Vicinity in particular, that he intends to commence Business in the COPPER and TIN LINE, near the Bridge in the said Town, on the first of August next, where they may be furnished, at the shortest Notice, and most reasonable Terms, with COPPER and TIN WARE, of every Description; and hopes, from the Goodness of his Work and Moderation of his Prices, to merit the Patronage of a CENEROUS PUBLIC—and is their devoted humble Servant.
WILLIAM CLEMM.
N. B. He still continues to carry on both Branches of Business, as usual, at his Shop, in Baltimore, where People may, at all Times, be supplied with every Article in either Line, as above.—Also, with Sheet-Copper, raised Copper-Bottoms, Tin-Plates in Boxes, Pig and Sheet Brass, India Spelter, Spelter-Solder, Sheet-Iron, Pig and Bar Lead, Iron-Wire assorted, and Black-Lead Crucibles from No. 6 to 25. Country-Produce, or approved Paper, will be received in payment for any of the above Articles, at the highest Rate.
The highest Price will be allowed, at both his Shops, in Cash, or new Work given in exchange for old COPPER, BRASS, PEWTER, or LEAD.
Baltimore July 29, 1791.
LOST, on Friday evening, the 29th July, on the road between Shepherd's-Town and George Tabler's Ford on Opeckon, a SILVER WATCH with china face, single steel chain, plain seal. Two DOLLARS REWARD will be given to any person who will deliver said Watch to HENRY BEDINGER, of Shepherd's-Town, or to the subscriber.
ROBERT CREIGHTON.
Berkeley County, August 13, 1791.
JUST PUBLISHED, And to be sold by ANDREW BROWN, and the principal Book-sellers in the City of Philadelphia, price ONE DOLLAR and THREE QUARTERS, the LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; Collated with, and corrected by, the original Rolls in the office of the Secretary of State, agreeably to a resolve of Congress, passed the 18th February, 1791.
With a COPIOUS INDEX.
VOLUME I.
Comprising the FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, the ACTS of the THREE SESSIONS of the FIRST CONGRESS, and the TREATIES.
To which is added, an APPENDIX.
Containing the DECLARATION of INDEPENDENCE, and sundry ACTS of CONGRESS, under the CONFEDERATION.
This edition of the Laws of the United States is also to be sold by Messrs. Thomas and Andrews Boston; John Carter, Esq. Providence, Rhode-Island; Messrs. Hudson and Goodwin, Hartford; Mr. Robert Hodge, New-York; Mr. Isaac Collins, Trenton; Messrs. Goddard and Angell, Baltimore; Augustine Davis, Esq. Richmond, Mr. W. P. Young, South-Carolina; and Mr. N. Willis, Shepherd's-Town.
WHEREAS MARY, the wife of me the Subscriber, hath eloped from my bed and board, without any just cause, and refuses to live with me, I therefore caution all persons against harbouring or trusting her on my account, as I will pay no debt of her contracting after this date.
JAMES GATH.
Berkeley County, August 12
ANY Person indebted to the Subscriber, who will deliver him good and merchantable WHEAT within one month from this date, shall be credited therefor FIVE SHILLINGS, Pennsylvania currency, for every bushel so delivered.
August 29.
WILLIAM LEMEN.
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS Half an acre Lot
For sale in this town, on the Main Street:— There is on the Lot, a large and convenient
Two-Story House,
In tenable order. The terms of sale may be known by applying to the Printer, or to
CATO MOORE.
Shepherd's-Town, August 3.
ALL Persons indebted to the Printer hereof, for subscription to this Paper, advertisements, &c. are requested to make payment. WHEAT, delivered into any mill in this County, will be received in lieu of cash, for which FIVE SHILLINGS, Pennsylvania currency, will be allowed per bushel, provided it be delivered within one month from this date.
August 22, 1791.