The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-10-31 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1791.
[NUMBER 51 OF VOL. I o .]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
20 Dollars reward.
STOLEN out of the Subscriber's stable at Winchester, on the night of the 15 th instant, a dark chestnut sorrel Horse, the property of William Skinner, of Martinsburg—this horse was three years old last spring, about 14 hands high, no brand perceivable, or any white about him, was new shod all round, had a large bushy tail, trots and canters well, and lofty carriage. Whoever apprehends the thief so that he be brought to justice, and secure the horse so that I get him again, shall have TWENTY DOLLARS Reward, or TEN DOLLARS for securing the horse only, and reasonable charges.
GEORGE HARDASTY.
October 18, 1791.
The Subscriber, having determined to relinquish the business of keeping a PUBLIC House, returns his most sincere thanks to his friends who have favoured him with their custom in that line.—In order to accommodate those who wish still to frequent his house, he now informs them, that he has opened for their reception,
A PRIVATE BOARDING HOUSE, Where such as are desirous to be entertained, retired from the noise and bustle which they are unavoidably exposed to in a Tavern, may be assured of finding every preparation for their ease, comfort and enjoyment.
ALEXANDER ROGERS.
Martinsburg, October 22, 1791.
TO BE SOLD.
Two Water LOTS,
Situated in James-Town, alias Buckles-Town, between 7 and 8 miles from Martinsburg; they contain about two acres, whereon is a new square Log-House, nearly finished, with a small Tan-Yard;—in this neighbourhood hides are plenty, and bark very convenient. Any person wishing to purchase, may know the terms by applying to the Printer in Shepherd's-Town, or to the Subscriber on the premises.
PHILIP KING.
October 18, 1791.
STRAYED from the Subscriber, some time the middle of last month, a red COW, considerably old, has her left ear clip'd, and was heavy with calf when she went away. Any person who will give me information where the said Cow is, so that I get her again, shall have TEN SHILLINGS reward, or ELEVEN SHILLINGS and THREE PENCE for the Cow and Calf.
GEORGE FRANK.
Martinsburg, October 18, 1791.
15 Dollars Reward.
RAN AWAY from the subscriber on the night of the 16 th inst. an indentured Apprentice Boy by the name of THOMAS JACKSON, nineteen years of age, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, dark complexion, black hair, has a down look, had on when he went away, a light coloured home-made coat and waistcoat, with metal buttons, had a pair of old fustian breeches, striped over-alls, a pair of old shoes, with a half worn hat;—he took with him two pair of tow trowsers, two home-made linen shirts, and a pair of grey worsted stockings. Whoever apprehends said Boy, and will confine him in any goal, so that I get him again, or return him to me, living within three miles of Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, shall have the above reward, and necessary charges.
October 18, 1791.
ROBERT CREIGHTON.
George Town, September 9, 1791.
The Sale of LOTS in the FEDERAL CITY, will commence on Monday the 17 th day of October next.
THE Commissioners finding they may engage materials and workmen for the Public buildings, to any desirable extent—with a view to draw the fund into action, so as to facilitate the work, instead of a deposit of eight per cent, will require one-fourth part of the purchase-money to be paid down, the residue to be on bond, with security, payable with interest in three equal yearly payments.—The manner of improvement will be published at the sale.
THOMAS JOHNSON, DAVID STUART, DANIEL CAROLL, } Commissioners.
A GRAMMAR SCHOOL.
WILL be opened in MARTINSBURG, on the 1 st September next, where the Subscriber purposes teaching the Latin and Greek Languages, in the manner practised in Dickinson College, (Carlisle)—Those who favour him with encouragement, may rely upon strict attention being paid, not only to the instruction of the youth committed to his charge in the above mentioned languages, but also to their manners and morals. The price of tuition at 5 l. per ann. Subscriptions will be taken in by Mr. ROBERT M c KNIGHT, Martinsburg, and Mr. SAMUEL PORTER, Williamsport.
JOHN M c CORMICK.
August 31, 1791.
To be sold, by the subscriber,
140 Acres of Land
IN BERKELEY COUNTY,
Within 4 miles of Shepherd's-Town, about 60 acres of which are now under improvement; on which is a new square LOG-HOUSE, and the fence in good repair.
All persons indebted to the Estate of ROBERT BUCKLES, senior, deceased, are requested to make payment; and those who have any demands against the same, are likewise requested to bring them in, as an immediate settlement of the above estate is intended.
WILLIAM BUCKLES, Executor.
5 Pounds Reward.
ESCAPED out of the Subscriber's custody, some time in the month of May, a negro man named JACOB, who calls himself a freeman. Jacob is a low, well-made fellow, remarkably black, droops a little in the neck, large head, small short chin, and has lost two teeth before, out of the right or left side of the upper jaw—this negro has been seen in Berkeley County, in the possession of a Mr. BURDICE, who claims him as his property. Whoever takes up said Negro, and conveys him to the keeper of the gaol of Prince-William County, or the subscriber's house at Dumfries, in said County, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges.
YELVERTON PEYTON, Sheriff, (Prince-William County).
October 8, 1791.
PITTSBURG. September 17.
To the Hon. the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States, in Congress Assembled.
The Representation of the Committee of the Counties of Washington, Westmoreland, Fayette, and Alleghany, within the State of Pennsylvania.
Humbly sheweth,
THAT impressed with the highest veneration for the government of the United States and the laws of the late Congress in general, they cannot but lament the necessity which now obliges them to express the sentiments of the people, in opposition to the law of Congress which imposes a duty on spirituous liquors distilled from the produce of the United States. Excise laws have always been considered as dangerous to liberty and incompatible with the temper of a free nation. They are peculiarly odious, on account of powers of inspecting and searching houses, which are necessarily given to the officers to insure the collection of the duty; inasmuch as it is an invasion of domestic peace and private property. The address which is required to the conscience of the person subject to the tax, has also an unhappy influence on the morals of the citizens, oaths are thereby multiplied and temptations to perjury are introduced, and so far as an appeal to Heaven is a safeguard to moral honesty, it is lessened or destroyed. The high penalties and forfeitures imposed on delinquents, furnish another argument against the unreasonableness of the law; it is in fact saying, that as it is but seldom an offender can be detected, he must not only be punished, but ruined; bearing in his suffering the delinquency of others. Whilst these objections of a general nature rest upon our minds, it cannot reasonably be expected, that we shall patiently submit to a law, which, together with their odious qualities, is also unjust, because it is unequal in its operation. It is a tax on domestic manufacture, which good policy would rather encourage, than consider as a source of revenue. Our situation renders it peculiarly unequal and oppressive; distant from a permanent market, and separated from the eastern coast by mountains which render the communication difficult and almost
impracticable, we have no means of bringing the surplus produce of our lands to sale; we are therefore distillers through necessity, and even with that labour and the additional burden of an excise, will be obliged to sell it at a much lower price than the people on the eastern coast do the article from which it is distilled. Another circumstance which renders this duty ruinous to us, is our scarcity of cash; our commerce is not, as on the eastern coast, carried on so much by absolute sale, as by barter; and it is questionable whether all the circulating cash in the country would be sufficient for the payment of this duty alone. It has been alledged in favor of these duties, that otherwise a direct tax would be necessary, should such be the case, its operation would be more equal and of course less exceptionable than an excise.
Individuals would then contribute in proportion to their respective abilities, and the burden would not, as by an excise, rest alone on the cultivator of the soil, whilst the great landholder and the speculator, are exempted from any part of it; but it is certain that such necessity exists? It is with great deference that we express to so respectable a body, our opinion to the contrary. Admitting it in a degree, we would suggest the propriety of a reduction of the wages and salaries of the officers of government, which have generally been regarded as extravagant and unreasonable; this would lessen the call for money, and would be acting up to the wishes of the people. The land office in the western territory, if properly regulated, would also prove a source of revenue; should these not be sufficient, policy would dictate an increase of the duty on imported articles, rather than on such as are the manufacture of the country. An excise law has ever been odious and considered as the badge of slavery. Such are the sentiments of the people, that it would be difficult, under any possible modification, to reconcile them to it.
These considerations are, with great respect, submitted to your honourable body, with a hope, that a law so exceptionable in its principles, and unequal in its operation, will be repealed.
Signed by order of the committee.
EDWARD COOK, Chairman.
To the Honourable the Representatives of the Freeman of the State of Pennsylvania.
The Remonstrance of a Committee of the counties of Washington, Westmoreland, Fayette, and Alleghany, met on the subject of the Excise Law of Congress.
THE Committee, while they contemplate the injustice and impolicy of the late law of Congress, imposing duties on spirits distilled from the produce of this country, and address that honorable body for a repeal thereof, and while they note the sentiments of the majority of the legislature of Pennsylvania expressed on their journals, who voted in favor of the resolutions respecting the excise law then depending in Congress, they cannot but be impressed with astonishment and surprise that a law of a similar nature, and equally odious in its principles, should continue one moment in existence, when in the power of the legislature of Pennsylvania to repeal it. They now solicit a repeal of the said law for the reasons mentioned in the journals aforesaid, against the excise law of Congress, with this additional one, that they think it furnishes an argument against their application to Congress on that subject.
Signed by order of the committee.
EDWARD COOK, Chairman.
An Address to the neighbouring Counties in Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the State of Kentucky, by a committee representing the counties of Westmoreland, Fayette, Washington, and Alleghany, in the State of Pennsylvania, with respect to the law of the late Congress, laying a duty on liquors distilled from materials of the growth of these States.
COUNTRYMEN,
THERE must be some strong reason in the nature and operation of excise laws, which at all times, and in all places, has rendered them odious to the people. That they are so is certain, for it is the prevailing opinion that it is disreputable to be an excise officer. What can be the cause? When examined, it will be found to be this, it is a tax which falls immediately, and bears hard on the industrious poor.
There is no man of easy and affluent fortune that will trouble himself with a distillery. It is an effort made by those that are just rising from pressing circumstances, as being a manufactory which they can make something more than by the original labour of cutting timber and digging the soil. Any man therefore, who, after severe struggling, is able to purchase the utensils of a distillery, considers himself as in a way to get above absolute drudgery, and to make a shilling faster and more easily than by the mattock and the plough alone.
Again, it is a tax that carries with it a great insult in the collection. A freeman is treated like a

knave, and an oath enacted as one who may de- fraud; a mark set upon his door and all his casks and vessels, his buildings invaded and searched by officers callous to humanity; for the very existence of such powers reaches to be insensible. The penal- ties and forfeitures necessary cannot be in proportion to the offence; for one detected, must suffer for the delinquencies of many.
Why then, it will be said, have politicians had recourse to this tax? That will be explained when we trace its history. It has been introduced here- tofore, in times of unsettled government when the prevailing party were unwilling to let the people know the quantum of the money raised, lest they should enquire into the appropriations. It has been introduced by the present law to make provision for the payment of certificates that have passed from the original holders in most cases at one-eighth of their nominal sum, and are now a great part of them in the hands of the persons themselves, or their connec- tions, who devised the law. It was apprehended that the quantum raised in this way would not so immediately be perceived by the people. Nay, say the advocates of the law, the mass of the people will be scarcely sensible that there is a tax at all. This is like deceiving a child by turning away its head, that it may not see a vein opened, and its own blood drawn.
Will the people of America submit to excise laws in support of a system which has taken away all re- publican equality in fortune, weakened industry, shaken morality, introduced corruption, and laid the foundation of the dissolution of the government itself?
But it will be said, how shall we avoid it? By expressing our sense to the representatives of the present Congress, in the mean time by cultivating the idea amongst ourselves, that excise offices ought not to be accepted. If there can be found virtue enough in the people to refuse such commissions, the law cannot be carried into effect, and it will be the same as if the law did not exist.
It will be thought that opposition to the law be- ginning in so obscure a corner as the counties which this committee represents, cannot rise to any great height. The opposition has not begun with us.
Many able and disinterested members in Congress gave it opposition, and foretold the dissatisfaction of the people. In the Southern states, grand ju- ries are presenting it as a grievance; associations are forming in the northern to decline distilling to- gether; but if this address can be considered as the beginning of a more systematic opposition, why des- pair of even some good effects from what has its rise from an inconsiderable source? The storms and rains that sometimes swell our rivers and shake our woods, have their beginning from a small cloud.
It is not merely the demolition of an odious excise law we have in view; our object is more extensive, and embraces a revision of the whole funding system. If a revision as to liquidation and discrimination should be found impracticable, we expect at least a reduction of the exorbitant interest, or a tax laid on this debt, to contribute to the discharge of itself. Or if it should be thought inexpedient for any rea- sons we cannot discover, to lay a tax on funded se- curities themselves, why not open an office for un- purchased lands, and give the holders warrants for their debt? When these are laid on lands, there can be no doubt of their being the subject of taxation; a tax on real property operates as an agrarian law, and is favorable to population. It is mild in the collection, and more agreeable to the people.
As it is not becoming those who gave their senti- ments on weighty subjects to address the passions or appear impassioned themselves, so in this case, we have studied coolness and moderation. It will be seen from thence that our disapprobation of this law is founded in reflection, and our efforts to oppose it in every way not reprehensible by law, will be per- manent, and our firmness unshaken.
Signed by order of the committee.
EDWARD COOK, Chairman.
Foreign Advices.
By the British Packet Grantham, Capt. Bull, arrived at New York, in 35 days from Falmouth, we have the following advices, viz.
V I E N N A, August 17.
ACCOUNTS are received here, that after the last rencontre between the van of the Turkish ar- my and the Russians, the Grand Vizier assembled all his army, the flower of which consisted of 80,000 men, and the rest he divided into two divisions, consisting of 30,000 men each; he then assembled all his officers, and gave them such orders as he thought proper, and in a speech of great energy told them, that he had no doubt of obtaining a vic- tory over the enemy, if they and the men under their command would do their duty. Immediately after this they attacked the Russians, between Ga- lacz and Maczyn, and a bloody contest ensued, the certain issue of which is not known; some say the Russians had the advantage, whilst others assert that the Muscovites were beaten, and had 12,000 men killed upon the spot.
August 24. Last Sunday a courier arrived at the house of Prince Gallitzin, the Russian ambassador, from Prince Repnin, with news, that on the 11th inst. the preliminary articles of peace between Rus- sia and the Porte were signed at Galatz by him and the Grand Vizier.
And that in order to have time for adjusting a Definitive Treaty, and appointing commissioners for that purpose, they had agreed upon an armis- tice for eight months.
The count d'Artois, brother to the King of France, arrived here four days ago, with 20 per- sons in his suite; he went to Court, and was re- ceived by the whole imperial family. He went a- way yesterday.
P A R I S. NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, September 1.
Presentation of the Constitution to the King for his acceptance.
A proposed decree was read by M. Beaumetz, re- lative to the presentation of the Constitutional Chart to the King, and respecting the liberty which it is necessary to grant to the Monarch, and the forms and ceremonies which are to be observed on this occasion.
Before he read his decree the orator made a long speech which abounded much less with argument and sound eloquence, than with high sounding bom- bast. "The nation (says he) exasperated at the risks you have run, and satisfied with your conduct, awaked like a Sovereign—the firebrand out her arms, and all your dangers vanished."
He then read, as spokesman for the committee of Constitution and Revision, the following articles.
Article 1. "A Deputation shall be appointed to present the Constitutional Act to the King for his acceptance."
2. "The King shall be requested to give such orders as he shall think necessary, respecting his guards, and the dignity of his person."
3. "If the King accede to the wishes of the French nation, by accepting the Constitution, he shall be requested to name the day, and to mention the forms to be observed at the time that he shall so- lemnly pronounce, in presence of the National As- sembly, his acceptance of Constitutional Royalty, and his engagement to discharge the duties attach- ed to it."
The articles were passed as above. M. Dupont moved, that the Constitutional Act, after being once again read over, should be presented to the King, and that no power on earth should be capable of making any change in it.
After a warm debate it was decreed, on the motion of M. Camus, That the Constitutional Act shall not be presented to the King till after being read over, and a declaration by the Assembly that there is nothing more to add to it.
Z O N D O N.
September 1. In France there is an appearance of returning moderation, which argues good to that distracted kingdom. The Imperial troops are in motion towards the French frontiers; But it does not follow from thence that the Emperor means to go to war. It is in this manner, and with this ap- paratus, that he can best mediate in favour of the royal family and exiled nobles.
September 6. The Minister of the Elector of Ha- nover has published a notification, the substance of which is, that the King, his master, will co-operate in the important business now agitating, and con- form to every thing which the welfare of the Con- stitution, the dignity of the Germanic body, and the duties of a state of the Empire, may be construed to require. The notification, however, dictates more discussion and deliberation than has hitherto been entered into, on a business of so much importance.
Extract of a letter from the Hague, Sept. 2.
"There is not the least doubt of the powers of Europe forming a league to settle the affairs of France; but it is said, that the Courts of England, Prussia, and Holland, have not yet absolutely come into the views of other powers in that important affair."
September 8. The French National Assembly has at length finished its labours in forming a constitu- tion, and the Assembly is about to dissolve, with- out having taken notice either of the exiled Princes or of the Governor to the Dauphin. In respect to the former subject, they have shown evident fear of doing any thing which may tend to widen the breach.
We have the best authority to believe that the French King will not attempt to alter one title of the new Constitution to be presented to him. He will accept it with the same silence as he has done other things on former occasions, and probably with an equal degree of sincerity. Were the King to make any alterations, and afterwards to break his word, there would be stronger ground for accusa- tion than if he accepted the articles uncondition- ally.
East India Intelligence, by the last arrival. THE STORMING OF BANGALORE.
When Lord Cornwallis had encamped in the vi- cinity of Bangalore, Tippoo Sultan, with every art in his power, attempted to provoke him to an en- gagement. But his Lordship knowing Tippoo had no serious intention of fighting, and only wished to draw him from his advantageous situation, was not to be seduced precipitately to risk the safety of our forces: and, although some guns were brought to bear upon our lines, yet nothing could move him to alter his resolution of taking Bangalore, in pre- ference to any other attempt.
Finding that his army, but more particularly the train of followers, consumed a greater quantity of provisions than he imagined, he was determined to encounter some difficulties in bringing the assault on Bangalore instantly to an issue. For that pur- pose Colonel Moorehouse, of the coast artillery, and
Colonel Cockerell, of the Bengal infantry, were or- dered to storm the Pittah; and with one large piece of artillery, the gate attacked was blown open; but we are sorry to add, that the gallant Colonel Moorehouse was twice wounded from the loop- holes flanking the gate, and, just as it was forced, he received a third shot through the heart, which put a period to his existence.
When the gate was blown open, Colonel Cocker- ell immediately rushed in, the Pittah was carried, and batteries were ordered to be raised in the in- side, and on the outside, against the fort.
Tippoo then proved himself a General worthy of commanding better troops. He marched from the opposite side of Bangalore, and upon some heights drew up his army, with every appearance of a de- termination to bring on a general engagement. Whilst under cover of the main body, and behind the rising ground, he detached a choice body of troops to regain the Pittah; but Lord Cornwallis, aware of his design, instead of withdrawing his troops from the Pittah, reinforced them, unper- ceived by the enemy, and Tippoo's detachment was repulsed with great slaughter. This engage- ment was exceedingly warm; the contending parties were opposed bayonet to bayonet; the most gal- lant struggles were made on both sides, but the re- gularity and firmness of the British forces prevailed; not, however, without a number of lives being lost, Europeans as well as Asiatics.
Finding this his attempt either to bring Lord Cornwallis to a general engagement, or to save Ban- galore, were fruitless, Tippoo retreated with haste, and resumed his former station behind the fort, which he not only a short time before had relieved, but had sent in a Sirdar, in whom he placed the most implicit reliance.
The capture of the Pittah did not content Lord Cornwallis. He ordered the artillery to play on the fort, in which two breaches were soon made. He detached the grenadiers and light-infantry, con- sisting of between 1200 and 1400, entirely Europe- ans, commanded by General Meadows, whilst he drew out his line in order of battle, to cover the party which was to force the garrison, and to en- gage Tippoo if he were forced to that measure.
The storming parties performed wonders, and were so suddenly in possession of the ramparts, that Tippoo saw our colours, and heard the grenadiers march, as he was hastening to the support of his fa- vourite chief, who had perished greatly. Our loss was trifling, and it affords great pleasure that young Captain Markham, who distinguished himself nobly, and had been shot through the neck, is recovering.
In the fort were found great quantities of arms, ammunition, and stores, all in excellent order, and a foundry for casting cannon, and a machine for bor- ing barrels. As soon as Lord Cornwallis was in possession of the fort, Tippoo's army marched away, and his Lordship, having put Colonel Duff with a proper garrison in the place, moved also. Colonel Oldham being on his way from the Carnatic, with a body of our troops, it was necessary to cover him, which his Lordship effected before Tippoo had any opportunity of engaging them, as it seems he had a design.
On the junction of Oldham, it was supposed Lord Cornwallis would proceed to Seringapatam. A bo- dy of the Nizam's horse, that were thought to be just on the point of joining us, had retreated. This unaccountable proceeding has created some surprise among the politicians of Madras.
General Abercrombie, it is said, has, in conse- quence of orders from Lord Cornwallis, taken a new post within two or three days march of Serin- gapatam, and is still getting up stores from the Ma- labar coast.
Tippoo's army is dwindling away, it is said, very fast, and the Polygars begin to join us, and surren- der the hill-forts committed to their charge.
Lord Cornwallis and General Meadows have gi- ven up their shares of the prize-money to the soldi- ers.
List of killed and wounded.
Colonel Floyd wounded in the jaw, in charging with the cavalry, lost some teeth, is recovering.
Colonel Frederick, reported to have died of some wounds received at Dewar.
Colonel Moorehouse, dead.
Captain Markham, shot in the neck, recovering.
UNITED STATES.
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
PORTLAND, October 7.
From many parts of this District, we have the pleasure to hear of a plentiful harvest. The toils of the husbandman are crowned with more abundant success than perhaps they ever were before in this part of the country.
MASSACHUSETTS.
SALE M, Oct. 4.
The following Note to the Editor was received from an obliging Correspondent at Marblehead, whose repeated attentions have our warmest thanks.
Marblehead, Sept. 28, 1791.
"S I R,
"Captain William Hooper, of the schooner Uni- on hath this moment arrived here from Bilboa, which place he left the 9th of August last—and brings the following intelligence: That while he lay at Bilboa, several vessels arrived there from

England, which all brought the following accounts, uniformly, viz. That the Courts of Great Britain and Spain had combined together to make war on France, for the purpose of compelling her to reinstate the French Monarch on his throne—That there was never known a hotter press, nor greater preparations for war, which was momentarily expected to be declared in form. The principal Merchants in Bilboa, as well as other ranks of people there, had no doubt but that a war was inevitable."
N E W - Y O R K.
N E W - Y O R K, Oct. 17.
Yesterday morning between three and four o'clock, a house in Chatham-Row, occupied by Mr. Carrow, caught fire, and was soon nearly consumed, together with a great part of the furniture. Happily the exertions of the citizens prevented the fire from spreading.
The port of Alburgh, on Lake Champlain, in the state of Vermont, which by act of Congress, was made the sole port of entry and delivery in that state, is some miles within the lines at present held by the British troops. Information of this circumstance, having been communicated to the Secretary of the Treasury, by Col. Keys who has the appointment of continental collector for that port, with a request to be furnished with directions for his conduct in the premises—the Secretary has replied, that Congress fixing Alburgh for the port of entry, &c. must have been thro' misinformation: and that therefore, he would not have Col. Keys, take any steps to obtain possession thereof—but requests he would acquaint himself, by actual survey, with the most eligible place on the Lake, in the possession of the United States, for a port of entry, &c. and communicate information thereof to him, that it may be laid before Congress at their ensuing session.
We are assured by very creditable authority, that the report of Cape-Francois being set on fire the 29th ult. appears to be a mere fabrication. The people in that town were safe, and in daily expectation of seeing an end to the insurrection, when the last accounts came away.
P E N N S Y L V A N I A.
P H I L A D E L P H I A, Oct. 20.
By the Paris intelligence received by the Packet, we find, that the French Constitution had not yet been presented to the King, on the second of September.
The Empress of Russia has at length consented to give peace to the Turks—Though she seemed at first determined to expel the disciples of Mahomet from Europe, and to wrest from their hands the territory which for some centuries they possessed, she has prescribed bounds to her desires, and is content to add to her dominions (already comprehending a twenty-eighth part of the habitable globe) a tract of uncultivated land between the Bog and Dnieper. This extension of her empire has been effected at the expence of an immense sum of money, and the lives of 70 or 80,000 of her subjects. How long will mankind permit the caprice, folly and ambition of Princes to disturb their tranquility, and sport with their lives and property? How long will these scourges be permitted to exist! The plague and small pox formerly swept off crowds of mankind from the surface of the earth. The power of the former is now limited within narrow bounds; the latter is become almost harmless. May we not hope that monarchy, a more fell cause of destruction to the human race than plague or small pox, will soon be deprived of its power to do mischief—or what is more desirable, be banished from the earth.
Extract of a letter from a Master of a vessel at Cape-Francois to his owners in this city dated Sept. 18.
"I take this opportunity by a brig bound to Philadelphia, to inform you that I am still lying here with my cargo on board, as all other vessels which are loaded with American produce—they will neither buy our cargoes nor let us out of port. We have not sold 20 barrels of flour since I have been here. The merchants I am consigned to are out constantly fighting the Negroes. This afternoon went out a large body of troops in order to make a general attack to morrow on the Negro camp, which is from 8 to 10,000 men. When we shall get away from here God only knows. There is no trusting any body for six-pence. No articles of provision will sell. Cash is kept close."
Extract of another letter of the same date.
"The Negroes are burning and destroying every thing before them. To-morrow an army of 2000 men is to go out to the plains to attack the Negro camp in our neighbourhood. We hope it will be successful. By keeping watch and patrole, we have prevented the Negroes from attempting any thing against this place. We are secure from any danger at present."
We are informed by a correspondent, who has received the latest intelligence from Portugal, that the Count Florida Blanca had declared to the French Minister, at the Court of Madrid, that the alliance between the kingdom of France and Spain was no longer in existence. Great quantities of arms and ammunition were forwarded daily to the frontiers of France, and it was the general opinion, in Lisbon, that hostilities would immediately commence, and that the King of Sardinia and the Emperor would join the Spaniards.
Fifty Thousand Pounds of American Final-Settlements were sold in London, a few weeks since, at fourteen shillings.
Captain Miller, of the Brig Minerva, on his passage from Jamaica to this Port, on the 12th ult.
spoke two British frigates, and three sloops of war, sent by the Governor of Jamaica, to the assistance of the Assembly of Hispaniola. There were on board this small fleet, 10,000 stand of arms, &c.
The following intelligence we have received by the brig Harmony, Captain Rogers, arrived here yesterday from Port-au-Prince.
September 10, 1791.
284 Plantations burnt, 94 do. totally destroyed, 169 do. of Coffee burnt, 154 Men killed, 48 Women killed, 18 Children murdered, 6 Plantations belonging to the Gattist family destroyed, 6 do. at Limbay, 36,000 Negroes revolted, 4,000 do. returned, About 8,000 killed or otherwise destroyed.
M A R Y L A N D.
B A L T I M O R E October 21.
Extract of a letter from Port au Prince, to a Gentleman in Philadelphia, dated September 17. 1791.
"I did myself the Pleasure of writing to you by the last opportunity, informing you of my arrival; since which an embargo has been laid on all Vessel in this Port, and the Cape, and no person dare go out of Town for fear of the Mulattoes, who were encamped about three leagues from this Town, 4000 in number—but on the 13th, the Whites made peace with them, and on the 14th the Mulattoes gave a grand public dinner, and went to church and sung te deum. The communication with the country is again open, and I shall in a few days go into the country, to get the remainder of the Sugar.—One hundred and sixty-eight or nine Plantations are destroyed, with all the Sugar, and at least two thousand Negroes. Twice has this Town been threatened to be set on fire, and every one, for fear, kept up all night. At present all is quiet; but I think it will not last long; however, as the saying is, time brings forth all things."
"Sept. 19—A large army of Negroes are within 40 miles of us, and I expect they will come towards this Town and destroy all before them—every house has a cask of water and lights before the door, for fear of the Negroes in Town setting fire to them—a strong guard every night."
On Tuesday last the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES arrived at the Fountain-Inn, in this Town, from Mount-Vernon, his seat, in Virginia, and the next day proceeded on his journey to Philadelphia.—The good wishes of this community, in particular, always await him.
Arrived at New London, in 24 days from Cape-Francois, Captains Tryon and Pinkin:—The sum of whose information is, that the fear of the inhabitants there, for their own safety, had entirely ceased; as the town was picketed in, forming a line of pickets four miles in extent, and the principal avenues to it defended by trains of artillery. The greatest part of the regular troops and militia were encamped at a bridge about four miles from the Cape—and the Negroes often appear on the opposite side, dancing their savage gambols. It was reported before they sailed, that the provincial Assembly had acceded to the decree of the National Assembly, granting equal rights to all free persons, which it was supposed would unite the Mulattoes to the Whites—large parties of the former, well armed, were with the Negroes.
On the day the above vessel failed, there was to be a general attack made on the Negroes, and after they had gotten under way, they heard the report of the artillery in very quick succession.
The embargo laid on all vessels, is partly taken off—the Assembly permit as many American vessels to sail as there are new arrivals.
The insurrection, in the quarter of the Cape, does not appear to be universal, as was at first supposed.—The slaves on several plantations defended their masters' estates till, being overpowered by numbers, they were obliged to fly, some to the mountains, and others into the Cape.—The insurgents murder all who will not join them.
S H E P H E R D ' S - T O W N, October 31.
Extract of a letter from an officer in the Western Army, to a gentleman in this town, dated Camp, Great Miami, September 19. 1791.
"Since I wrote you per Col. M'Mullen, dated at Bourbon County, August 29th, nothing remarkable has occurred—but I suppose you anxious to know our proceedings, shall therefore write you as often as opportunity serves. On my way from Kentucky, I came by Fort-Washington, where I arrived the 7th instant—found Col. Dark, who then had the command of the whole army (General St. Clair being absent in Kentucky) and had began his march, and proceeded nine miles on his way for this place; I overtook them the 8th, when the whole army, including non commissioned officers and soldiers, effectives, amounted as follow—1st United States regiment, 304—2d United States regiment, 39—Khea's battalion from Carolina, 85—Gaither's from Maryland, 162—Patterson's from Jersey, 155—and the Virginia battalion, 275.—Total, 1019 effective non-commissioned officers and soldiers—exclusive of which there were left at head-quarters about 70, as a garrison. We continued our march on the morning of the 10th, and arrived here in the evening of the same day, where we have continued since, and where, besides our guards, which must be numerous, to secure our horses, cattle, &c. we send a
daily fatigue of upwards 200 men, who are engaged in erecting a fort on the bank of the great Miami, in the direction of N. 17 W. 23 miles from Fort Washington.
"We have with us seven pieces of brass cannon, part of which will be left at this post to guard the passage of the river. We shall continue to erect forts until the Kentucky militia arrive, amounting to 1100 men (who will remain but a short time in service.)"
"Yesterday arrived a reinforcement of upwards 300 men, consisting of the greatest part of the 2d United States regiment, under the command of Major Hart—also, two battalions of levies, under the command of Col. Gibson. The whole number of the army about 1700—add the Kentucky militia, and they will make near 3000—a force by no means equal to our former expectations."
"The Indians have lately done little more than stealing a few horses, and have failed in several attempts to kill or take some of our small parties.—An officer of this army has received authentic accounts from Post St. Vincent, stating, that a large number of Indians have assembled at the Maume Town—that they drew provisions, &c. at the British Post of Detroit, and that every encouragement was held out to the Canadians to join the Savages in hostilities against us—That the enemy are numerous I doubt not, but as we are, and shall continue to be, prepared for the expected interview, of course nothing will be left undone to keep up the spirit of the army. Numbers of our men have deserted, previous to our arrival—a great number are now under guard—and court-martials sit daily on the trials of officers arrested, and offences of soldiers—many of the latter for crimes capital."
A gentleman arrived at Boston from England, informs that a peace had actually taken place between the Empress of Russia and the Porte; and that, in consequence, the British fleet, had been out of Commission, and the seamen paid off and discharged.
The following paragraph is taken from a London paper of August 30th.
"An interview between the Emperor and the King of Prussia, was to take place on the 21st of August, at the Castle of Tillnitz in Saxony, the object of which is to consult on the plan of a treaty proposed to be entered into for preventing the spreading of Liberty in Germany."
A Ministerial London paper of August 11, says— "All reports of paying off all our ships of war are premature: the fleet of Great Britain will certainly be found a very proper assistant to any negotiation on it may be tho' proper to set on foot, to restore the government of that distracted country France, if they do not bring about some such reformation and alteration among themselves, which the falling off of their Members, and the consequent falling off of their own power, affords great reason to expect."
RAN away from the subscriber last night, a negro man named DAVID, about 5 feet 9 inches high, between 35 and 40 years of age, had on and took with him a Russia sheeting shirt and trowers, a jacket made in sailor's fashion, an old felt hat; he has a very remarkable thick lip, and a daring look; he was formerly the property of Doctor Williams, of this town. I will give a reward of four dollars to any person for taking up the said negro, within ten miles of home; and if a greater distance eight dollars, besides reasonable charges, if brought home, paid by ZACCHEUS MORGAN.
Shepherd's-Town, October 31, 1791.
TO BE SOLD, A Likely Negro wench,
About 28 years old, with her male child in its 4th year, and the wench now pregnant. She has been brought up chiefly to house work, can spin well on either wheel, and is a good hand at plantation work. For further particulars, inquire of the Printer.
Wanted immediately,
BY the Subscriber, living near Opeckon-Creek, between Light's mill and the Swan-Ponds, two good Journeyman SHOE MAKERS, who shall have constant employ and good wages, from AARON FARIS.
Berkeley-County, October 24. 1791.
TO BE RENTED,
THE lower part of the House now occupied by the Subscriber as a Printing-Office, together with the privilege of a kitchen, garden, &c.
N. WILLIS.
Our next Paper, No. 52, completes one year since its first publication:—The Editor returns the most grateful thanks to such as have encouraged his undertaking—and while he acknowledges the obligations he is under to those who have already complied with the terms of his subscription, whereby he has been enabled to prosecute his business thus far, he begs leave to acquaint those who still remain in arrears, that he shall, in the course of the next week, wait on them for payment....The terms of subscription for the ensuing year will be One Dollar entrance, and One Dollar at the expiration of the time, exclusive of a postage of two thirds of a Dollar, per ann....The first payment he solicits his patrons to comply with, as he intends immediately to furnish himself with a complete assortment of types, the better to enable him to execute his business to the satisfaction of his employers, and with credit to himself.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
VERSES
On a Ball, at Tunbridge, where there were twenty seven Ladies, and only two Gentlemen.
GENIUS of Tunbridge! say, what wond'rous cause,
Can tempt your Beaux to break decorum's laws? For, ah! too truly has the patriot said, Europe's no more since chivalry has fled, And who calls this the spirit of romance, That Belles should with, and Beaux refuse to dance? What, has MENDOZA's art so seiz'd the soul, That lovely eyes with unpriz'd lustre roll What, shall a bruizer's fit your praise command? Whil't beauty waves in vain the willing hand? Spoke I of lovely eyes? they're lost on you, You love no eyes but what are black and blue— Proceed, great visitors! banish every grace, Let rudeness or indifference fill their place; Erect the trophies of your art renown'd, Let ribs be broken, but let hearts be found— Ye little stars! tho' you withdraw your rays, You nought impart true beauty's native blaze— Your presence would have dimm'd the charms divine,
Which, when unmix'd, from graceful females thine. The rosy hours and those harmonious maids, Whose music gladdens the Parnassian shades, Ask no male partners, but with joy advance, To meet their sisters in the mazy dance.— See no faint copy of those fabled fair, You blooming band, who seem to tread in air; As on the dazzl'd sight the mingled charm, Luxuriant swells, with nature's colouring warm.— O beauty, worthy of Idalia's glades, Whil'st, round the Cyprian Queen, her smiling maids,
Blushing wild youth with love's full radiance crown'd Lead to light strains the gaily varied round.
Bright kindred pair! who crown the sportive rings, Soft smiling HOBERT! and majestic BYNG! Lives there a wretch who'd not exulting stand, And snatch the honor of your proffer'd hand, Whil'st with resistless elegance you glide, Like a fair vessel, o'er the favouring tide, And as soft gales of admiration blow, With conscious, yet with modest beauty glow. Why did we not, congenial graces! see The t'absent sister to complete the three? Where was the nymph, whose eyes of sable hue, Pierce at one glance a shallow coxcomb through; Whose rip'ning bloom, like sol's first blushing ray, Proclaims the rising glories of the day. Be grateful, B ux! and triumph that her face And form was wanting to your full disgrace.
CARLOS.
* Lady AMELIA HOBART and Miss BYNG, who are cousins.
† The youngest Miss BYNG, who was not present.
To be SOLD, or LET, and entered upon immediately,
A Merchant-Mill,
Known by the name of Hite & Gibbs's Mill, situate eight miles from Winchester, near the road leading to Shepherd's-Town. For terms, apply to Mr. James Gibbs, at the Clerk's office, Winchester, to Mrs. Gibbs, on the premises, or to
ALEXANDER WHITE.
Woodville, October 1, 1791.
On Monday the 19th of December next, Will be sold at PUBLIC AUCTION, At the Plantation of JOSEPH DAVIS, near Sharpsburg, Washington County, Maryland, a quantity of good
Indian Corn, Wheat,
Rye, Tobacco in the house, Hay, Straw, Corn Fodder, some live Stock, Plantation Utensils, Household and Kitchen Furniture, and a variety of other articles too tedious to mention.
The sale will begin at ten o'clock—the terms of which will be made known on the day of sale.
JOSEPH DAVIS.
Gerrards-Town, October 11, 1791.
TO BE RENTED, A VERY GOOD
HOUSE,
With a good Celler under it, sit for a Store, it being the best place for that business to be found in the neighbourhood. It is ten miles from Winchester, on the great road leading from that place to Alexandria. Any person renting said House, may be furnished with other conveniences, such as boarding for a clerk, a lumber house, &c.
THOMAS GRAHAM.
Just published at BALTIMORE, By W. GODDARD & J. ANGELL, And to be SOLD by WHOLESALE and RETAIL, With large allowance to those who purchase quantities, THE PENNSYLVANIA, DELAWARE, MARYLAND, AND VIRGINIA
ALMANACK,
FOR THE YEAR 1792:
A COMPLETE and ACCURATE EPHEMERIS, calculated by the ingenious Mr. BENJAMIN BANNEKER, a free black Man, (a Native of this Country, born of African Parents) whose Calculations, now offered the Public, have met the Approbation of several of the most distinguished Astronomers in America.
[The Contents will be speedily published.]
The above Work contains interesting Particulars of the virtuous Life and laudable Pursuits of BENJAMIN, and his Progress to ASTRONOMIC FAME.
** Orders from our country and distant customers, will be duly attended to.
Baltimore, Sept. 30, 1791.
This Day published, and for sale, by the Printer hereof, [Price EIGHT PENCE.]
A LETTER, From Mrs. R—— to Miss S——A, In ANSWER to her observations on SAINT ROZO VILLOZO, A resident near SHARPSBURG, in MARYLAND.
WANTED, 2 or 3 Apprentices
To the Tanning and Currying business. Application to be made at the Printing-Office.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of Mr. Andrew Caldwell, jun. deceased, are requested to make payment; and those who have any demands against the same, are likewise requested to bring them in, as an immediate settlement of the above estate is intended.
CHARLES McDONALD, Executor. October 15, 1791.
Wants employ, in a Merchant-Mill, A Young Man who has been regularly bred to the Milling-Business, and who would wish to engage with some person who carries on the business extensively, and will give suitable wages as a compensation for which, he will stand the inspection of the flour which may pass through his hands. Satisfactory recommendation will be given, if required. Inquire of the Printer.
Robinson, Sanderson and Co.
HAVE JUST RECEIVED PER THE NANCY, FROM WHITEHAVEN, A further supply of FALL GOODS,
Which, with their former importation by the LANCASTER, makes their assortment very complete. Alexandria, September 28, 1791.
The Subscriber has received, A fresh supply of FALL GOODS,
To his former assortment, which he is determined to sell low, as he intends removing from this place; —Therefore all those indebted to him are requested to make payment.
ROGER COLTART. Shepherd's-Town, October 9, 1791.
FOR SALE, By the Printer hereof, Blank Deeds of Bargain and Sale, Lawyers Declarations of every Kind, Common Bonds, Blank Notes, &c.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY. Three Apprentices To the TANNING BUSINESS. Inquire of the Printer.
15 Dollars Reward.
RAN AWAY from the Subscriber, the 16th inst. a negro man named JACOB, about 28 years old, six feet some inches high, of a yellowish complexion, has a scar on his forehead, several about his eyes, and many more on his buttocks, which he received in consequence of his late thefts; he has a sharp nose, sculking look, and is as great a rogue as any in the County. Whoever will take up said negro, if within 10 miles of home, shall have Four Dollars reward—if 20 miles, Eight Dollars—and if at a greater distance, Fifteen Dollars, and all reasonable charges, when brought to Shepherd's-Town, Berkeley-County.
GEORGE REYNOLDS.
September 26, 1791.
At a Court of Quarter Sessions, held for BERKELEY County, the 16th day of August, 1791.
WILLIAM MUNFORD, Compt. vs. MARTIN KERSHNER, Deft. In Chancery.
THE Defendant not having entered his appearance agreeable to an Act of Assembly, and according to the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that he is no inhabitant of this County: On the motion of the Complainant, by his Council, Ordered, That the said Defendant do appear here on the third Tuesday of November next, to answer the bill of the Complainant, and that a copy of this Order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at the Church in the Parish of Norborne, in the County aforesaid, on some Sunday after divine service, and also at the Court-House door of the said County.
A copy. Teste. MOSES HUNTER, C. B. C.
A Watch lost.
WAS lost in Martinsburg, some time in August last, a silver cap'd WATCH, cross-bar movement, name and number as follows:
Geo. Marme. Metcalf, London, No. 419.
Whoever will return the said Watch, or give such information as the owner may get it again, shall receive a handsome reward, paid by
JOHN GOODING.
Shepherd's-Town, Sept. 23, 1791.
A Mill for sale.
BY Virtue of a Decree of the Court of BERKELEY County, and State of VIRGINIA, will be exposed to sale by PUBLIC VENDUE, upon the first day of February next, if fair, if not the next fair day, a MERCHANT-MILL, with the Lot, Premises, and Buildings thereunto belonging, late the property of HENRY COOKCUS, deceased, and now in the possession of CHRISTIAN ORENDORFF.
Also, the Stone Dwelling-House, and Ground-Rents of the said estate, late of the said COOKCUS, deceased, all situate in Shepherd's-Town, in the County and State aforesaid.
The terms of sale will be, one third part of the purchase money to be paid in twelve months from the day of sale, one other third part within two years after the day of sale, and the remaining third part within three years after the day of sale.
By order of the Court.
JOHN KEARSLEY, HENRY BEDINGER. } Trustees.
BERKELEY COUNTY, July 25, 1791.
6m.
THE Subscriber, in the most respectful Manner, informs the Public in general, and the Inhabitants of Martinsburg and its Vicinity in particular, that he intends to commence Business in the COPPER and TIN LINE, near the Bridge in the said Town, on the first of August next, where they may be furnished, at the shortest Notice, and most reasonable Terms, with COPPER and TIN WARE, of every Description; and hopes, from the Goodness of his Work and Moderation of his Prices, to merit the Patronage of a GENEROUS PUBLIC—and is their devoted humble Servant,
WILLIAM CLEMM.
N. B. He still continues to carry on both Branches of Business, as usual, at his Shop, in Baltimore, where People may, at all Times, be supplied with every Article in either Line, as above.—Also, with Sheet-Copper, raised Copper-Bottoms, Tin-Plates in Boxes, Pig and Sheet Brass, India Spelter, Spelter-Solder, Sheet-Iron, Pig and Bar Lead, Iron-Wire assorted, and Black-Lead Crucibles from No. 6 to 25. Country-Prodce, or approved Paper, will be received in payment for any of the above Articles, at the highest Rate.
The highest Price will be allowed, at both his Shops, in Cash, or new Work given in exchange for old COPPER, BRASS, PEWTER, or LEAD. Baltimore July 29, 1791.