The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg, Va.), 1774-07-07 00:00:00

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THE BRITISH AMERICAN N U M B E R VI.
FRIENDS, FELLOW CITIZENS, AND COUNTRYMEN,
It is the general opinion that the great defect in the present constitution of BRITAIN is the enormous power of the crown. However singular it may be thought in some, I consider this as a natural error; for the first step given to the constitution was the crown's losing its independence on the other two branches of the legislature. Queen Elizabeth transmitted the English constitution, in its highest purity, to her successor king James the first; but he equally a stranger to its true principles, his own interest, and the arts of government, in his first speeches to his parliament arrogated to himself powers he was not entitled to, and soon after indirectly lavished away those which would have rendered the others he claimed unnecessary; for by alienating great part of the ancient revenues of the crown in ill-placed, unmeritorious, and extravagant grants to his favourites, fools, and parasites, he rendered himself dependent, in some measure, for the very support of his crown, upon the other two branches of the legislature, at the very time he alarmed them to unite against him, by arbitrary and impotent threats of governing absolutely; and then to emaciate that weight his own folly had lessened, and to replenish his coffers, he had recourse to the last expedient of weakened majesty, that of creating a number of peers, which, though it put off the evil day, encreased the disorder of the state. His successor Charles the first, nurtured in the principles of his father, pursued the same plan of lessening his hereditary revenues, and of provoking those upon whom he was dependent, till they would no longer support him; and then, by endeavouring to carry into execution those measures his father had threatened only, he fell a sacrifice to the errors of education. Monarchy and nobility, its attendant, being thus extinguished, when it was restored in the person of Charles the second, was it surprising, that the nation, still bleeding at the wounds it had received from the usurpations of the crown, consented itself with restoring it to those prerogatives only it possessed at its fall, without adding the independent hereditary revenue which its two preceding kings had indirectly alienated? Untaught by his own misfortunes, and the fate of his father, Charles the second adopted the plan of government pursued by his house; only as he was sagacious enough to see he could not force, he endeavoured to corrupt the nation to submit to despotic sway, and in doing so dissipated so great a part of what few ancient demesnes of the crown his ancestors had left, that his brother James was reduced to the necessity of giving up the hereditary despotic notions of his family, or of recurring to force: He chose the latter, and by that means was obliged to abandon his crown, but left the constitution with a stab in its vitals, which has been festering ever since; for at the accession of his glorious successor, though the nation recurred to many of its first principles, it had suffered too much from its four preceding kings to think of restoring the ancient independence of the crown. Succeeding monarchs, therefore, in order to preserve any kind of weight in the state, were reduced to the necessity of corrupting the people, by creating lucrative offices, granting pensions, and encreasing the number of peers; this, though it encreased the power of the minister, really weakened that of his master.
The great encrease of manufactures arising from the settlement of America, by drawing the inhabitants to the sea ports and other towns more conveniently situated for carrying them on, in a great measure, depopulated the ancient boroughs of the kingdom, so that the entire property of many of them were purchased up by the nobility, who by that means acquired a right of naming their representatives in parliament; the electors of others were so reduced in their numbers and circumstances, that it became easy for the wealthy, with a majority of their voices, to purchase seats in the house of commons, and, by treating with the prime minister for some of the newly created lucrative offices, they were generally reimbursed the purchase money.
Thus the spirit of traffic extended itself to all ranks of people, and, as it too often happens in commercial nations, "all those things which ought to have been the reward of merit were given only for money, and the people, universally corrupted by the dint of it, grew indifferent to public concerns; the electors and elected, passionately fond of lucre, grew careless of the government, and every thing belonging to it, and waited quietly for their salaries." As soon as it became obvious that wealth would purchase a majority of the seats of the representatives of the people, Sir Robert Walpole endeavoured to apply the national wealth to that purpose, and succeeded to admiration in it for a long time, but too open in the practice of corruption, he overshot his mark, and pointed out to the wealthy, that by uniting together they could wrest the power even of appointing his own minister, and other servants, out of the hands of their sovereign, and by that means arrogate to themselves not only the persons who should fill all lucrative offices, but of directing the whole concerns of the nation. The nobles who possessed boroughs, and the wealthy commons who could purchase them, united cordially in this scheme, and inviting some of their ablest dependents to join them, soon carried all before them, destroyed that beautiful system of legislation I described in my last, and set up an absolute aristocracy in its place.
Had Mr. Pitt directed the reigns of government a few years after the conclusion of the war, if his talents in the arts of peace had been equal to his abilities in carrying on a war, or (if I may be allowed the metaphor) could he have been as wise in taking every advantage of wind and tide as he was skilful in avoiding rocks and quicksands in a storm (and the noble stop he put to corruption, during his administration, give us strong reasons to think he would) Providence at that period pointed out to a wise and upright minister the means of placing the natural, the necessary, independence of the kings of England upon a permanent foundation. But the minister who succeeded that great man was too intent upon enriching his countrymen to serve his prince, and, more like a pedlar than a statesman, sold an inheritance of his master (which would have restored him to a king of England's ancient weight in the national councils) for a mess of pottage; and the present minister is at this instant either unthinkingly or diabolically pursuing the same infernal plan. Was our sovereign, even now, to place a little more confidence in his American subjects, there are many amongst them whose knowledge of their country would enable, and whose affectionate loyalty to him would impel them, to point out constitutional modes of placing him in a very different situation from what a corrupt, selfish British aristocracy with to see; for however humiliating the reflection may be to a Briton, it is the virtue of America only that can preserve Great Britain from becoming the prey of the most despotic aristocracy that ever yet was erected; which will be the more firmly established, because, by retaining the ancient forms of the constitution, it will not easily alarm the nation to rouse and to recur to its first principles, whilst the aristocracy posted in both houses of parliament, possessed of a large majority in the house of commons, of a superior influence in the house of lords, and of an absolute command over all the powers of monarchy, with swarms of placemen and pensioned authors to trumpet forth their praises without doors, bears down all before it, with such irresistible impetuosity, that I should not be surprised if any one doubts that the British constitution is now purely aristocratical, let him attentively read the history of England, and the debates of parliament from the decision of the Chippenheim election to the present times, and carefully compare facts with the characteristic attendants of a corrupt aristocracy, which by being destitute of its principle of moderation is become despotic, and he will no longer withhold his assent to the above position.
prised if after the next general election it should pursue its late victory over the county of Middlesex, nominate the representatives of every shire in Britain, and utterly exclude from the house of commons every member that should dare to arraign its conduct, if it should rapaciously seize the remaining wealth of the East India, and every other trading company, and oblige every merchant and shop-keeper in Britain to account with its officers for whatever share of the profits of their trade it should think proper to demand. In short, nothing can put a stop to its carrying into execution every act of despotism it shall attempt but the check it is likely to receive from the opposition of America.
It is not, therefore, the interest of the people of Great Britain, that America should surrender up her liberties, and submit to the jurisdiction of this arbitrary, self-created aristocracy, though assuming the specious name of a British parliament. But before I enter upon the measures necessary to be taken to ward off the blow aimed at American liberty, I shall consider the connections between Great Britain and her colonies, in order to enquire how far those colonies may legally and constitutionally oppose the acts of a British parliament.
As the laws of every country are made for the benefit of its inhabitants, and the privileges, the advantages, and protection, they expect to receive from those laws, are the considerations which induce a submission to them, any one, or any number of those inhabitants, may, by a voluntary banishment, and by renouncing the protection, with all other advantages of the laws, withdraw themselves from the jurisdiction of the country in which they were accidentally born, if they find it for their interest so to do. And even admitting that, like vegetables, they cannot remove from the spot that produced them, without the consent of the state, no man will deny, that any subject of England formerly might, and that any subject of Great Britain now may, with the leave of their sovereign, quit that kingdom, and settle in any foreign dominion; that our ancestors, therefore, when they, with the leave of queen Elizabeth, and of king James the first, left England, and discovered America, if they had been so disposed, might have incorporated themselves with the native inhabitants, laid aside all thoughts of returning, and dropped all correspondence with England, is undeniable; and if they had done so, in all human probability, neither their former sovereign, or his parliament, would have ever even themselves the trouble of enquiring what was become of them. ¶ And as they had a right to incorporate themselves with the natives, so, with respect to England, they had an equal right, at their own private expense and risk, to acquire, by purchase or conquest, from nations not in alliance with England, a settlement for themselves and their posterity, totally independent of England; for as they were no longer under her protection, they no longer were under subjection, and therefore might have provided for their own safety by any laws they thought proper. But instead of doing this, a natural fondness for their native country, a predilection for her laws, an admiration of the most beautiful system of government in the world, and the hopes of protection, induced them to wish to remain connected with England. But how? As partakers of her constitution, by acknowledging allegiance to her king; as friends to their brethren, by reciprocal acts of kindness; but not as slaves to their fellow subjects, by a humiliating, servile subjection, to a British parliament, in which, from their situation, they neither were, or could, be represented.
With these views, they generously offered to let England partake of the advantages of their conquests, in consideration of securing to themselves the rights of Englishmen in their new settlements (not made at the expence of the nation, as hath been falsely suggested, but) discovered at the risk, and acquired by the blood and treasure, of private adventurers, who having left their native country with the consent of their sovereign, now returned to him, not as repeating prodigals begging to be received and forgiven; but as generous conquerors, offering to make him sovereign of a new world, upon reasonable and equitable conditions.
It is to be wondered at, that thus circumstanced, he acceded to their terms? Or had the British parliament any right to complain of the charters granted to them, by which the colonies have always enjoyed a supreme legislature of their own, and have always claimed an exemption from the jurisdiction of a British parliament? But even suppose that the territories of America (though conquered by private adventurers) became subject to Great Britain, because those adventurers were English subjects, still it by no means follows that those territories were dependent upon the British parliament, and as this is proved to a demonstration by a late ingenious author, I shall not injure him so far as to repeat his arguments, but conclude this letter with requesting the printer to republish the following EXTRACT of his work. I am, my countrymen,
A BRITISH AMERICAN.
¶ For the distemper of the state is too far advanced to hope for any relief from a new election. The representatives, indeed, may be changed by a nabob's out-bidding an alderman; but the only real difference will be, the nabob becomes one of the aristocracy, and the alderman is excluded, or, in other words, the master may be changed, but the slavery will remain.
¶ For it is observable that each colony was suffered to struggle with every difficulty in their new settlements, unprotected, unassisted, and even unnoticed, by the crown itself, from twenty to fifty years, and even then the royal care was no further extended towards them than to fend over governors to pillage, insult, and oppress them.
¶ At the discovery of America no person imagined any part of that continent to be within the realm of England, which was circumscribed within certain known and established limits. Whatever was the title of the kings of England, at that time, to any share of America, it must have been an acquired title; and the sovereign then had, and still has, an undoubted prerogative right, to alienate forever from the realm, without consent of parliament, any acquisition of foreign territory. This right has been constantly exercised by the kings of England at almost every treaty of peace, and at the sale of Dunkirk, &c. and it was particularly manifested by the act for annexing Gibraltar to the realm. Conforming to this prerogative right, king James the first, and Charles the first, did alienate unto certain persons large territories, and by the most solemn compacts, did form them into separate civil states, with all the powers of distinct legislation and government; particularly those of making peace and war, coining money, pardoning crimes, conferring titles and dignities, erecting and incorporating boroughs and cities, establishing ports, harbours, &c. with a grant and release of all subsidies and customs, to be levied within the same, and an express exemption from foreign taxation. This is evident from the most ancient charters of Virginia and Massachusetts Bay, but especially from that of Maryland. From these charters it manifestly appears to have been the royal intention to form these colonies into distinct states like Jersey, Guernsey, Isle of Man, &c. dependent on the crown, but not on the parliament of England; and conformable to this intention, we find, that when a bill was several times brought into the house of commons, to secure the people of England a liberty of fishing on the coasts of America, messages were sent to the commons by those monarchs, requiring them to proceed no further in the matter, and alleging that "America was without the realm and jurisdiction of parliament;" and on this principle the royal assent was withheld, during all those reigns, from every bill affecting the colonies. These and other facts, which appear on the journals of parliament, joined to the charters of the colonies, fully demonstrate that they were really and intentionally created distinct states, and exempted from the authority of parliament. And their inhabitants having on the faith of such fundamental terms and conditions accepted, cultivated, and improved, the territories thus granted, have an indefeasible right to maintain and enjoy
the privileges so acquired; and nothing but an act of union, made with their own consent, can annex them to the realm, or subject them to its legislature.
The right of the crown to alienate the soil of the colonies has not been disputed; and the right of exempting their inhabitants from the jurisdiction of parliament has been denied without cause. Allegiance and subjection are due from a people to their sovereign; but the allegiance of subjects to subjects is an absurdity unknown to the laws of this kingdom. Freedom of Britons consists in this, that they participate the power of making those laws by which they are governed, and wherever this freedom is enjoyed, the legislative power must be confined to those who partake of it, either in person or delegation; so long as the people of America resided within the realm, shared in its government, and were protected by it, so long they were necessarily bound to obey, and support that government; but when by the consent of their sovereign they migrated to Ireland and America, though they continued within the king's allegiance, yet ceasing to participate or enjoy the legislative power of this realm, the operation of that power over them necessarily terminated, and nothing more was necessary to emancipate the people of America from the authority of parliament than to permit them to leave the realm, which nobody will deny the king's right of doing; and should the people of England, by their delegates, continue to exercise the powers of legislation and taxation upon the colonists, after such separation from the realm, they must exalt themselves to the sovereignty of America, and render the inhabitants of that country the subjects of subjects, a condition more humiliating than those of the Spartan Helots; for if a people be subject to any supreme power, in which they have no participation, whether it be lodged in a single person, or in thousands, the power is despotism, and the subjects of it are slaves.
After the death of king Charles the first, the commonwealth parliament, which usurped the rights of the crown, naturally concluded, that by those rights they had acquired some kind of supremacy over the colonies of America. The people of New England had indeed approved their proceedings, and were therefore left without any exercise of such supremacy by the commonwealth parliament; but Virginia, and other places, having held out for the king, were reduced by force, and the conditions on which they submitted clearly discover that supremacy, claimed by this parliament, was no more than nominal. The articles of the treaty were as follows:
 "I. The plantation of Virginia, and all the inhabitants thereof, shall be and remain in due subjection to the commonwealth of England; not as a conquered country, but as a country submitting by their voluntary act, and shall enjoy such freedoms and privileges as belong to the free people of England.  "II. The general assembly, as formerly, shall convene and transact the affairs of the colony.  "III. The people of Virginia shall have a free trade as the people of England to all places, and all nations.  "IV. Virginia shall be free from all taxes, customs, and impositions whatsoever, and none shall be imposed on them without the consent of their general assembly; and that neither forts nor castles shall be erected, nor garrisons maintained, without their consent." 
Thus the rights of the colonies, in those early days, were acknowledged, and even those who had brought a monarch to the scaffold had the moderation and justice to respect and preserve those rights. Nor did the Virginians esteem the privileges granted by this treaty as any valuable acquisition; for, considering themselves as a distinct state, they in January 1659 invested Sir William Berkeley with the government, and proclaimed Charles the second king of England, Scotland, France, Ireland, and Virginia, some time before his restoration to England. After the restoration the act of navigation, and that of the 15th of Charles the second, were passed, as also that of the 25th of the same reign, which for the regulation of commerce (as the preamble expresses) first laid duties on certain articles in the colonies. This, however, was held to be such an infringement of their rights that agents were sent to England to remonstrate "against taxes and impositions being laid on the colony by any authority but that of the general assembly;" and this remonstrance produced a declaration from the king, under the privy seal, dated the 19th of April, 1676, declaring "that taxes ought not to be laid upon the proprietors and inhabitants of the colony, but by the common consent of the general assembly, except such impositions as the parliament should lay on the commodities imported into England from the colony;" and though the duties which had given rise to this remonstrance and declaration were not wholly repealed till some time after, yet when a supply was wanted for the support of government in Virginia, the king, in 1679, framed, in England, an act for the purpose, and sent it thither by lord Culpeper, when it was passed into a law, and "enacted by the king's most excellent majesty, by and with the consent of the general assembly of the colony of Virginia, &c." Here we see the sovereign naming himself as a part of the legislature of that province, and thereby manifesting that he considered it a supreme legislature; for if the colonies be a part of the realm, it is a violation of the great charter of king John, and the bill of declaration of rights, for the king personally, or by his governors, to join any other assembly than the parliament, in any act for raising money from them; it is to subject them to complex taxation, which are repugnant to the British constitution.
In the year 1663, the territory of Carolina was erected into a principality, with the powers of a distant state, and so jealous were the lords proprietors of these privileges, that they even denied the king's right of appointing a vice admiral therein for trying offences committed without the principality; and Joseph Morton, the governor, was dismissed from the government for having accepted a commission of vice admiral from the king.
In 1691, when the new charter of Massachusetts Bay was granted by king William, the agents thought it not adequate to the defects and expectations of the province, and were unwilling to accept it. This, however, the majority of them, after consulting the most able lawyers, resolved to do, and in justification of their conduct, subscribed an instrument containing the reasons of it; the last article of which will shew the idea then entertained of the rights of that province: "The colony (say these gentlemen) is now made a province, and the general court has, with the king's approbation, as much power in New England as the king and parliament have in England. They have all English privileges and liberties, and can be touched by no law and by no tax but of their own making." Nor had the people of New England any reason to alter this opinion of their rights until since the conclusion of the last war; no imposition on them having in that long interval been attempted by parliamentary authority. There are many other facts which might be adduced to the same purpose; but these will suffice to shew that the claim of the colonies to the privileges of distinct legislation and government, and to an exemption from parliamentary taxation, are not new, as some have ignorantly or wickedly pretended. They will also shew, that from the earliest years of their settlement the rights of the colonies have been known, and with but little variation have been acknowledged, respected, and maintained, even by the legislature of Britain; and the few instances which have happened to the contrary may be considered as usurpations of the strong against the weak; and "quod ab initio injustum est, nullum potest habere juris effectum." GROTius. E. B.
To A. B.
SIR, BY your last I was so fully convinced of the strength of your analysing powers, of the weakness of my reasoning, and of the fallhood of my assertions, that I at first determined to hide my diminished head, and

never more to shew my face to a man who hacked and hewed in so terrible a manner; but I have since been induced to alter my intention, from a hope of deprecating your vengeance, and of making to myself a friend out of so tremendous an enemy. To shew you that I am in some degree worthy of your regard, I have greatness of mind enough to allow you the victory, and will myself undertake to point out to the public the several steps which conducted you to it.
Be it known, then, that I Academicus had offered to the public my thoughts on certain defects in the college plan of education, and had subjoined a remedy, which remedy I afterwards acknowledged was chiefly borrowed. Here A. B. with great propriety, and with a profession of humour, observes that I contradicted myself. As the thoughts respecting the defects were mine, he thought it necessarily followed that the remedy was my own also. But left this consequence should not be so clear to every one as it was to A. B. I thus illustrate it: I point out to A. B. the errors of his conduct, and recommend to him the example of some wise and good man, therefore I advise him to copy after myself. Now the cases are quite similar, and every one must confess that this inferences is fairly drawn. His next stroke is still greater, greater too in his own opinion as well as in mine: Some of the most sensible and learned men of this country approved of the plan offered, and deemed it worthy of the adoption of the professors of William and Mary; Academicus offered it, and therefore, according to A. B.'s art of reasoning, Academicus is the first amongst the most sensible and learned men of this country; nothing can be plainer. Academicus proposes to the governor and council that they should take a walk: They approve of the proposal; therefore Academicus is superior to the governor and first amongst the council. It was Academicus's misfortune that he did not offer his plan to the visitors; for had it received their approbation, A. B. would have proved him not only a visitor, but the first amongst the visitors. Readers, blame not A. B. for pushing and strutting so mightily after this stroke. He had created a cynsure (polar star would have been too intelligible) of America, and he had laid him low. A. B. next attacks the constituency of Academicus, and soon forces it to give way: Academicus, it seems, had in one place asserted that the rules of a college should never be dispensed with, and in another that indulgent rules are necessary in an infant country. Here he was inconsistent indeed! I dare to assert that where rules, unexceptionable rules, are established, they ought to be observed, and at the same time advises such rules to be established, where rules are wanting, as would best suit the circumstances of the country. Well might A. B. talk of connections and dependencies, and exclaim, "what are we to judge of an author who can advance sentiments so diametrically opposite!" But if Academicus was so little able to withstand the single might of A. B. how should he make head against this champion with all Oxford at his heels? Academicus indeed wishes that A. B. had marshalled his troops a little better, which, since he has neglected to do, Academicus will undertake to do for him. The public disputations he should have disposed through two or three last years of the students residence at college; and his private examinations, in fact, by the masters of arts, should have been by as many regent masters as pleased to examine, and before as many of the scholars as chose to attend. This would have more effectually convinced the public that Academicus knew nothing of the matter, when he would not allow that degrees were the prize of public contest, and insisted on more than a private examination. Academicus cannot deny that a knowledge of law may entitle a student to the degree of doctor of law, and consequently that the degree of bachelor of arts ought to be the reward of an acquaintance with either of the branches of science. So far, then, Academicus confesses that A. B. went on with uninterrupted success, and he laments that he should now have forgotten himself. But few minds can bear a continued series of prosperity, and A. B. himself is not above the weaknesses of human nature. In ravaging Nasau and its environs, he has provoked the opposition of a man equal to himself in words, and in reasoning. I shall quote his opinion of the environs, and shall not hesitate to pronounce it of equal weight with that of A. B. "Does not that neighbouring colony, in whose domain the sons of Britain lately fought the woodland war, piercing deep into nature's works, in generous arts, exalted, aspire to gain the Athenian laurel? Shameful, indeed, must have been the distance which this, her elder sister, had maintained, had neither the coy arts, nor wit, nor wisdom, here found a sanctuary. Her silken race, the mere vermin of the spring, must have continued a tasteless, gaily-gilded train. Their ignorance, their poverty, must have stimulated each gross desire. Such their thirst for luxury, that were a buyer found, they had stood prepared to sell their birthright for a cooling draught." Academicus forbears making any remarks. As algebra depends on the elements of geometry, and can be of no possible use in the demonstration of them, it was certainly absurd to propose that it should precede them. Nearly the same may be said of the other parts of the arrangement. Barrow, Newton, McClaurin, Whiston, and Saunderson, are great names, and make a fine sheaf in a mathematical paragraph; I with A. B. had added Archimedes, Copernicus, Galileo, Tycho Brahe, &c. as no doubt he is perfectly acquainted with their method too, and such respectable names would have given still greater dignity to this sentence. As to language, Academicus never pretended to vie in that point with A. B. he was satisfied with a stile simple and unadorned, and which would clearly express his meaning, and left to A. B. the lofty, turgid words, the long protracted periods, and the learned scraps of Latin. To conclude the procession of A. B.'s victory, I Academicus, for the sake of peace, and to calm those raging passions which have heaped such confusion upon me, do allow that the education of youth is one of the most trifling considerations that could have engaged the attention of the public.
A C A D E M I C U S.
The following is an EXTRACT from a piece which has just made its appearance in the PENNSYLVANIA PACKET, the author of which files himself "A CITIZEN OF PHILADELPHIA."
THE honourable HOUSE OF BURGESSES in VIRGINIA, whose noble sentiments of liberty, and independency of spirit, justly entitle them to a foremost rank amongst the American legislatures, have taken up the matter with a becoming mixture of firmness and moderation; and if I am led to controvert some of their opinions, it is with the utmost respect and deference. Had their governor permitted them to continue the session a few days longer they would probably have made the necessary strictures on their own resolutions. A tenderness for the manufacturers of Great Britain, so far as it is consistent with the welfare of America, is what every humane mind amongst us must applaud, and I honour them for the sentiment; but should it appear, on closer investigation, that a partial attachment to their interest would essentially injure our own, no man can hesitate to determine on the part we ought to take. Impelled by resentment against the East India company for their ungenerous and officious attempt to rivet on us the cruel shackles forged by the iron hand of parliament, it is not to be wondered at if every American should unite in a resolution to let them feel the just punishment of their folly. Should we determine on a partial non-importation, by confining it solely to East India goods, it would undoubtedly be a very heavy blow to the company, and might interest them in a repeal of the acts we complain of. But on the other hand, it must be observed, we should unite the manufacturing interest of England against the repeal, and thereby cast an unlooked for weight into the ministerial scale; for as many of the manufactures of India are imitated in England, and for others they make good substitutes, we could not more effectually gratify the English artisan than by withdrawing our custom from the India warehouse, and in this the landed interest would concur. Whatever entreaties the demand for the manufactures of a country eventually extends to the landholder; for the tradesman having money to spend can afford to pay a good price to the farmer, and he of course a good rent to the landlord. Thus, instead of facilitating our measures, we should furnish the minister with fresh strength to prosecute his determined plan of subjugating the Americans. However far the premier may have bent his force to support the India company, I cannot think he will abandon the principle of taxing America purely to serve them. Should the scheme of a partial non-importation take place, and be attended with the consequences here premised, chagrined at the disappointment, and mortified with the want of foresight, we must still have recourse to other measures. If a partial non-importation was thought absolutely necessary, strange as the proposition may seem, I should think it more advisable to confine ourselves to the use of East India goods solely, whereby a jealousy would be excited between the English and India interest, and a repeal might thereby be brought about; but this is by no means consistent with my apprehension of the matter. It is a general non-importation, honestly adhered to, that must work our deliverance; it is the only natural, peaceable remedy, in our power. It may be said, that thereby the poor manufacturers of Great Britain will be reduced to great want and distress, and that as they by no means promoted the acts, they claim the same reasoning in their favour as our brethren in the islands; but their cases are by no means similar. The islanders might actually starve without our supplies; but the poor of England cannot, will not, perish with famine whilst there is bread in the land. The laws of England secure a support to the necessitous; the rich, who made those laws, know they must support them; and should it be dealt out with a scanty hand, the full fed spirit of Englishmen would quickly trample down the distinctions of meum and tuum , and administer to their own wants. Instances of this sort are not to seek: The annals of George the second and third produce them in abundance; and no subject has more seriously engrossed the attention of thinking men.
in the nation than the clamour about provisions. Here we may sensibly wound them, but let it not be a mortal blow. Far be it from the heart of a child essentially to injure a parent. Let our incisions be no deeper than are just necessary to discharge the corrupted mals that collects about her vitals, and to couch the cataract in her eyes; and if her auditory nerves are too much clogged, let us inject a little of the Spiritus Americani , and restore to her that necessary sense. But to quit the metaphor: Let us endeavour to convince them that the island of Great Britain is properly a land of manufactures, surrounded by harbours for exportation and that the continent of America is a most valuable granary at her service. Let them but repeal all restrictive laws, and freely open to us their ports, and then I trust they will never see their manufacturers "forsaken, nor their feed begging bread." The genius of America is agriculture, and for ages to come must continue so. An extensive wilderness to the westward will long receive the gradual overflowings of population, and the manufacturer of Great Britain will never meet with a formidable rival in the shape of an American farmer so long as he can purchase the clothing of his family with the produce of his fields. It is numbers, closely pent up together, that point out the necessity of applying art to nature, and new modelling her materials.
NEW YORK, June 16.
THE destruction lately effected upon the Indians by the son of colonel Cressap, of which we gave an account in our paper dated the 10th of May, is likely to be productive of consequences fatal to the lives of the traders in the Shawanese, Delaware, and Mingo towns, who will of course be sacrificed to their resentment; and we have too much reason to apprehend those mischiefs will terminate in an Indian war, at least it will call for the interposition of those abilities, to the exercise of which, under Heaven, we have for some years past been indebted for the happy tranquillity that has subsisted with the savages.
From Maryland we are informed that the magistrates and the most respectable inhabitants of Queen Anne's county met at Queen's Town on the 30th ult. chose a committee of correspondence, and adopted the same sentiments with the gentlemen of Baltimore county. On the 2d instant there was a meeting of the most respectable inhabitants of Kent county at Chester Town, in order to take measures with Baltimore, after opening a correspondence with the latter.
Provisions as may be wanted at that place, etc. A general committee from their standing committee of correspondence to meet the committees from the different counties in one grand provincial committee at the city of Annapolis, to deliberate upon proper measures to be taken, in conjunction with the other colonies, in this distressful juncture of affairs:-----Thomas Smyth, chairman, William Ringgold (Eastern Neck) Joseph Nicholson, junior, Thomas Ringgold, and Joseph Earle, esquires.
The western post yesterday brought not a single Philadelphia newspaper; the reason we do not know.
On the 10th instant the committee of correspondence at Philadelphia, and a great number of respectable inhabitants from all the societies in town, had a meeting, when they unanimously agreed upon 8 propositions, which they ordered to be printed and dispersed, previous to a general meeting of those qualified to vote for representatives, to be on Saturday the 18th, at the statehouse. These propositions in substance were, that the act for shutting up the port of Boston was highly oppressive to the inhabitants, and dangerous to the liberties of British America; that a general congress ought to be appointed; that it was best that the congress should be appointed by the representatives of the several colonies, in their legislative capacities; that as they in Pennsylvania would not soon have an opportunity to meet, that the speaker should request the members to meet at a time appointed before the 1st of August, to consider their alarming situation, and appoint delegates for the general congress, draw up instructions, &c. and that the committee, consisting of 40 persons, immediately set on foot a subscription for the relief of the poor sufferers in Boston.
Last night a gallows with the figures of three men suspended by the neck, said to be intended to represent lord North, governor Hutchinson, and solicitor Wedderburne, with another figure representing the Devil, were carried through the principal streets of the city, attended by several thousand people, and at last burnt before the coffeehouse door. It is said they were decorated with suitable emblems, devices, and inscriptions.
WILLIAMSBURG, June 7.
A respectable meeting of the FREEHOLDERS and FREEMEN of the county of Richmond, after due notice to attend at the courthouse of the said county on Wednesday the 20th of June, 1774, in order to give their sentiments to their late representatives invited to meet in Williamsburg on the 1st day of August, to deliberate on matters of the utmost importance to this colony.
alone by their... charter, natural justice, and constant use, which is the first of all America; and that an attempt to force one colony to pay a tax imposed by the British legislature where they had not, nor could have, any representative, is a violent attack on their constitutional rights.
II. They do respect the Bostonians in their sister colony of Massachusetts Bay, as suffering in the common cause of British America, and that the hostile attack now made on them by the parliament of Great Britain, in blocking up their harbour, and violently taking away the property of many individuals, by preventing them the use of their wharves, quays, &c. is an avowed intention to reduce all America to a state of slavery.
III. It is the opinion of this meeting, that nothing will be more conducive to prevent such oppression than immediately to stop all imports from Great Britain, and at a short day, hereafter to be fixed, to stop all exports to Great Britain and the West Indies, until there is a total repeal of not only the act called the BOSTON PORT ACT, but also of all the several acts of the British parliament laying taxes on the Americans for the purpose of raising a revenue, and those other acts made against the rights of the people of Massachusetts Bay, on account of their virtuous opposition to the said revenue acts.
IV. It is also the opinion of this meeting, that immediately on the non-exportation plan taking place the gentlemen of the bar shall not bring any suit for the recovery of any debts, or prosecute further any suit already brought during the continuance of the former resolution, it being utterly inconsistent with such scheme for a man to be compelled to pay without the means wherewith he may pay.
V. This meeting do most heartily concur with their late representatives in their resolve for the total disuse of tea, and do further resolve that they will not purchase any East India commodity whatsoever, except salt-petre, until they have their grievances fully redressed.
VI. They do declare they are ready to submit to any resolution that may be entered into either by the deputies of the several counties in this colony at Williamsburg, or by the congress of the several colonies on the continent, and intend these resolutions only as an instruction to their deputies, that they may know how to conduct themselves.
VII. It is resolved, that so soon as the non-exportation agreement begins we will, every man of us, keep our produce, whether tobacco, corn, wheat, or any thing else, unsold, on our respective plantations, and not carry, or suffer them to be carried, to any public warehouse, or landing place, except of grain, where the same is so done on oath being first made that such grain is for the use or consumption of any other colony in North America, and not for exportation from the continent, whilst the said agreement subsists; and this is the more necessary, to prevent a few designing men from engrossing and buying up our tobacco, grain, &c. when they are low in value, in order to avail of the very high price that these articles must bear when the ports are open, and foreign markets empty.
VIII. This meeting do appoint ROBERT WORMELEY CARTER, and FRANCIS L. LEE, gentlemen, as their deputies for the purposes aforesaid; and they do request that they fail not to attend in Williamsburg on the said fifth day of August, and that they do not trust to their meeting in assembly on the 11th of the same month, as it is in the power of government either to prorogue the assembly to a future day, or dissolve the same, by which means the sense of the colony may not be known.
Ordered by the meeting that these resolves be forthwith transmitted to both the printing offices in Williamsburg, to be inserted in each gazette.
LEROY PEACHEY, Clerk.
The several resolutions, as above, being entered into, the meeting was decently concluded with drinking the following patriotic SENTIMENTS.
 1. GOD bless his majesty king GEORGE the third: Grant him long to reign the satisfied sovereign of a free and contented people; and that he may never want loyal subjects in America ready to defend his crown and dignity with their lives and fortunes on every constitutional occasion and requisition.  2. May Great Britain reflect on her mistaken principles, and relax from her despotic rule over her children in America, before civil dissensions, the refuse of impious misfits and opposition, shall enervate her vast empire dividing against itself.  3. AMERICAN LIBERTY, founded on the British constitution, or no other existence to a sensible people.  4. Unanimity, firmness, and prudence, to all the British colonies, in support of their freedom.  5. May the BOSTONIANS continue acting up to the first principle of human nature, self preservation; but may they never more be put to any occasion to distinguish themselves in so doing. 
 6. May the East India company of England ever feel the just resentment of all generous minds so long as they act the part of tyrants in ministerial oppression against their fellow subjects.  7. May rebellion against the government of Britain be never more experienced. Unde derivatur regis, than it ever was, or ever will be, in British America.  8. May the British premier be well sweetened from his despotic corruptions before America shall be obliged to sue at his feet for their constitutional liberties, which of coronation right ought not to flow from the becom of the throne.  9. May every succeeding HOUSE OF BURGESSES in VIRGINIA preserve the patriotic firmness of all preceding assemblies, unawed by any dissolutions; for legislation without freedom is but a mere French slavery.  10. Alluding to Lord Dute's motto: Regis derivatur anobis.  11. Agreeable to his lordship's most peculiar declaration in parliament, "that America should never be heard there till she brought her down to his feet." 
F R I D A Y, JULY 8.
This morning a considerable number of the inhabitants met at the courthouse, and presented the following ADDRESS TO PEYTON RANDOLPH, ESQ.
SIR, WE the citizens of Williamsburg, reflecting with pleasure on the gracious attention which you, as our representative in general, have ever paid to our interests, as well as those of the community at large, scandalized at the practice which has too much prevailed through the country of entertaining the electors (a practice which even its antiquity cannot sanctify) and being desirous of setting a worthy example to our fellow subjects in general for abolishing every appearance of venality (that only poison which can infect our happy constitution) and to give the fullest proof that it is to your singular merit alone you are indebted for the unbounded suffrages of a free people; moved, sir, by these important considerations, we earnestly request that you will not think of incurring any expence or trouble at the approaching election of a citizen, but that you will do us the honour to partake of an entertainment, which we provided for the occasion.
London, is arrived in Williamsburg, in BALLANDY, ENGINEER.
On Wednesday last... Mr. FRANCIS WHITING COOLE.
As the MEMBERS of the late HOUSE OF BURGESSES have referred the consideration of the important matters recommended to them by some of the northern colonies to the first day of August next, it is expected the members who may be chosen at the ensuing election will not fail to meet at the time appointed. There is no necessity to represent to the public what an appearance it would have to keep them longer in suspense about our determinations.
THE MODERATOR.
By the northern post, who arrived this afternoon, we have received several important accounts relative to the colonies; but as it is too late in the week to give them fully, we shall, according to our usual method, only recite the heads of many of them, which are as follows, viz. Governor Gage was on the 9th ult. addressed by the council of the Massachusetts Bay; but when the committee appointed to present the said address waited on his excellency therewith the day before, and read as far as the part which reflects on the administration of his excellency's two immediate predecessors, he desired the chairman not to proceed any further, and that he would assign his reasons for refusing to receive it in a message to the council, and the same day sent, by the secretary, the following message:
GENTLEMEN of the Council, I cannot receive an address which contains indecent reflections on my predecessors, who have been tried and honourably acquitted by the lords of the privy council, and their conduct approved by their king. I consider this address as an insult upon his majesty, and an affront to myself.
And on Saturday the 18th of the same month the merchants and freeholders of the town of Salem presented a very sensible, judicious address, to his excellency governor Gage, and received the following answer:
GENTLEMEN, I thank you for the obliging expressions towards me contained in your address, and be assured it will always afford me singular pleasure to be of use to the inhabitants of this town, or any individuals in the province. I feel, as well as you, the inconveniencies that the inhabitants must suffer from shutting up the port of Boston, and should be glad they would co-operate with my endeavours to extricate themselves from them, but without their assistance I can take no step towards their relief. I am sorry that the people of that capital should have such repeated provocation to the king and the British nation as to force the present measures in support of their authority. Great Britain strives as yourselves of a happy union with this as well as every other part of her empire, and inheriting the spirit of her ancestors, finds it necessary to support the vigour, as the supreme head of her extended empire. She strives not to coerce that spirit which you say you inherit from your fathers, but to inculcate that due obedience to the king in his parliament which your fathers acknowledged.
Last Friday his excellency the governor having directed the secretary to acquaint the two houses that it was his pleasure the general assembly should be dissolved, and to declare the same dissolved accordingly, the secretary went to the courthouse, and finding the door of the representatives chamber locked, directed the messenger to go in and acquaint the speaker that the secretary had a message from his excellency to the honourable house, and desired he might be admitted to deliver it: The messenger returned, and said he had acquainted the speaker therewith, who mentioned it to the house, and their orders were to keep the door fast; whereupon the following proclamation was published on the stairs leading to the representatives chamber, in presence of several members of the house, and a great number of other persons, and immediately after in council: "Whereas the proceedings of the house of representatives, in the present session of the general court, make it necessary, for his majesty's service, that the said general court should be dissolved, I have therefore thought fit to dissolve the said general court, and the same is hereby dissolved accordingly, and the members thereof are discharged from any further attendance. Given under my hand at Salem, this 17th day of June, &c."
THOMAS GAGE.
Under the Boston head, of June 20, we are informed, that after the late representatives of the province of Massachusetts Bay had finished all the ordinary public business of importance that had been before them on the 17th, they came to the most spirited and patriotic resolutions, 129 members being present, and only twelve dissentients. They are still strongly for the meeting of committees from the several colonies on this continent, to consult upon the present state of the colonies, and the miseries to which they are and must be reduced by the operation of certain acts of parliament respecting America, and to deliberate and determine upon wise and proper measures relative thereto.
On the 15th of June there was a meeting at Faneuil Hall in Boston, when several matters were offered for their consideration, respecting making payment for the tea; nothing being determined upon, the meeting was adjourned.
The following is one of the resolutions of the province of the Massachusetts Bay, entered into on the last day of their sitting: "Whereas the towns of Boston and Charlestown are at this time suffering under the hand of power by the shutting up the harbour by an armed force, which, in the opinion of this house, is an invasion of the said towns, evidently designed to compel the inhabitants thereof to a submission to taxes imposed upon them without their consent, and whereas it appears to this house that this attack upon the said towns, for the purpose aforesaid, is an attack made upon this whole province and continent, which threatens the total destruction of the liberties of all British America, IT IS THEREFORE RESOLVED, as the clear opinion of this house, that the inhabitants of the said towns ought to be relieved; and this house do recommend to all, and more especially to the inhabitants of this province, to afford them speedy and constant relief in such way and manner as shall be most suitable to their circumstances, till the sense and advice of our sister colonies shall be known; in full confidence that they will exhibit examples of patience, fortitude, and perseverance, while they are thus called to endure this oppression, for the preservation of the liberties of their country."
We cannot omit the following resolve, which was passed on the same day: "And whereas this house did resolve that there be paid to said committee, out of the public treasury, the sum of FIVE HUNDRED POUNDS, to enable them to discharge the important trust to which they are appointed, they upon their return to be accountable for the same, and said resolve was sent up to the honourable board for their concurrence, who accordingly concurred in the resolve of the house, but his excellency the governor declined his consent to the same; wherefore this house would recommend, and they do accordingly hereby recommend, to the several towns and districts within this province, that each town and district raise, collect, and pay, to the honourable Thomas Cushing, esquire, of Boston, the sum of 500l. by the 15th day of August next, agreeable to a list herewith exhibited, being each town and district's proportion of said sum, according to the last province tax, to enable them to discharge the important trust to which they are appointed, they upon their return to be accountable for the same."
We heartily wish we had room for the declaration of the town of Marblehead against the curious address lately presented to governor

Hutchinson, as it contains sentiments truly loyal to their Sovereign, at the same time the strictest adherence and affection towards the colonies, and nobly disclaims those selfish, interested motives, which produced the said address.
CHARLESTOWN (SOUTH CAROLINA) June 6.
Last Tuesday morning a packet was received here, dispatched from on board the brigantine Sea Nymph, captain Moore (who was then off Bull's Island, but did not get in till the next day) from a very respectable committee at Philadelphia, enclosing letters from other committees, and containing the full intelligence of the passing of the act of parliament for blockading the town of Boston, which, if we may judge from the indignation with which it is every where received, will prove the crudest policy that ever disgraced a British Senate, and be the very means to perfect that union in America which it was intended to destroy, and finally restore the excellent constitution even of the mother country itself.
The latest advices from London say that the parliament bakers were then hard at work, making gingerbread cakes, superbly gilded, impressed with another act of parliament, to tempt the rest of the colonies to desert the devoted inhabitants of Boston, and in them the common cause of America.
The general assembly of this province is to meet here tomorrow.
NEW YORK JUNE 23.
By accounts from Boston we are told that John Hancock, esquire, is in a very bad state of health; that the anchor king's own regiment, with the 43d, which last corps was one that composed the army of general Wolfe, were landed and encamped on the common; that the postmasters general had not altered, and it is not likely that they would change, the present destination of the British packets, which are to continue their accustomed departures for New York; that the inhabitants flattered themselves some method would be at length determined upon to appease the resentment of government, for should the tea be paid for, and the town of Boston continue in a state of profound tranquility, the port would be ordered to be opened immediately after such accounts from governor Gage had got to the hands of the administration, and as to the acknowledgment of the right of parliament to tax the colonies, it would not be exacted from the province. In short, there appears a very cordial disposition for restoring things to their former situation after the tea may be paid for; to effect which, consistently with the liberties of America, and in a manner that may be admissible by his excellency the governor, on behalf of the crown, is the subject of their constant and most serious contemplation.
Governor Hutchinson has been addressed by the corporation of Harvard college, who received a very cordial answer from his excellency.
Extract of a letter from Boston, dated June 2.
"Five gentlemen, in their own private capacity, waited on governor Gage 3 or 4 days since, to know what the amount of the tea was, and to whom they might apply; but they could only obtain from him that they would know, but he did not say when. He was much on the reserve; but from the conversation I have had with two of them, we shall not be able to know any thing with certainty, till either this town, as a town, or the general court, apply to him. He sent a written order to our provincial treasurer to move the province money down to Salem, but he refused complying, well knowing he could not answer it, without the special orders of the assembly. I hope the southern governments will view our case in its true light, which I take to be that of a besieged city, in which are a great diversity of opinions and interests, and in a very little time will be the cry of a great multitude without business, and ready to break through stone walls for subsistence."
By letters from Charlestown we are informed that the governments of South Carolina and Georgia had prohibited all trade and intercourse with the Creek Indians; the theatre in that city was closed after performing 51 plays, and that Mr. Lewis Hallam, Miss Hallam, and Mr. Woolls, were embarked for England; the rest of the company are expected very soon in this city.
From Maryland we have the resolves of Frederick and Charles counties, and accounts of their having chosen committees of correspondence, assenting to a general congress of representatives from all the colonies, and to enter upon non-importation, and non-exportation agreements until the oppressive acts may be repealed.
The inhabitants of Chester county met on the 18th instant, and came to resolves suitable to the bad complexion of the times, and to join their brethren in Philadelphia in other measures to be concurred.
The accounts received by every post, and each vessel entering our harbour, bring us the resolutions of the cities and counties in the several provinces, on the situation of our suffering brethren at Boston, and assurances of their sending deputations, to assist at a grand congress of representatives of all the colonies; to whose wisdom, firmness, and fortitude, the liberty, property, and whole interest, of this free and august continent are to be delegated.
PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 20.
We hear from Fort Pitt that the Shawanese have lately murdered 18 white people, within 9 miles of that place, and that several parties of Indians have gone forth to war against the defenceless inhabitants of the frontiers of Virginia and Pennsylvania; that it is supposed all the English traders in the Shawanese towns are killed by the savages, and about 1500 families, settled to the westward of the Alleghany mountains, have deserted their habitations, and fled for relief to the more interior parts of the country; and that the traders at Fort Pitt are about leaving that place as soon as they can form a party strong enough to venture forth.
Last Saturday afternoon many thousands of respectable inhabitants of this city and county met near the Statehouse, agreeable to appointment, to take into their consideration certain important propositions prepared to be laid before them.
We hear that the tradesmen and farmers of the city and county of Philadelphia are determined to enter into an association to purchase no more British goods (till the late acts of parliament are repealed) if the voice of the proposed congress should be in favour of a non-importation agreement.
To be SOLD, at public sale, at STAUNTON, on Tuesday the 16th of August next, being AUGUST A court day.
TWO tracts of LAND, belonging to captain Matthew Harrison, and lying in Hampshire, viz. One tract of 377 acres, on the drains of Left River, joining James Bryan, and one tract of 100 acres, on the drains of said river, joining John Price and Jacob Crisman. Plots of said land may be seen on the day of sale, in the hands of Gabriel Jones, esquire. Credit will be given for one half the purchase money till April next, and for the other half till the 16th of August, 1775, giving bond, with approved security, to (3) GEORGE MITCHELL.
To be LET, to the LOWEST BIDDER, on Thursday the 28th instant (July) at the town of Manchester, in Chesterfield county.
THE clearing of the FALLS of JAMES RIVER from Wesham to the mouth of Ready Creek; it will be let in several divisions. Bond and security will be required for the performance in time, and agreeable to the directions then given. A considerable sum is subscribed towards carrying the work into execution. Half the money is to be paid the undertakers in October next, and the other half the October following. They will not have the trouble of collecting the money from the subscribers, as they will oblige themselves to pay the sums agreed upon at the times stipulated. THE TRUSTEES.
To be SOLD, at the late A. H. H. Esquire, deceased, in Fredericksburg, on Thursday the 25th instant.
ALL the PERSONAL ESTATE, consisting of HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, an assortment of SADDLERY, and sundry other articles in the harness way. Six months credit will be allowed, on bond, and approved security. At the same time and place will be rented, till the 25th of December, the LOTS and HOUSES of William Houston, deceased, and the TANYARD; all of which are in good repair. Also the slaves hire till the same time; among whom are several good BLACKSMITHS, SHOE and HARNESS-MAKERS, and a very good TANNER. Bond and security will be required; and if not punctually paid, to carry interest from the date. Those who have demands against either or both of the said William and Hugh Houston, are desired to bring in such claims, properly attested, in order that they may receive payment according to dignity; and those who are indebted are desired to give bond and make payment to Mr. Benjamin Johnson, who is empowered to act by FANNY HOUSTON, administrators of Hugh, and acting in lawful right to William Houston, deceased. 3 *
STRAYED, or stolen, from the subscriber in Dumfries, on the night of the 18th of April last, two WAGGON HORSES, the one a black, 14 hands high, 7 or 8 years old, has lost one eye, with a hanging mane and switch tail; his brand, if any, is not remembered. The other is a bay, about the same size of the black, 5 years old, branded on the shoulder D. F. and on the buttock R. G. very plain. Whoever secures said horses, so that I get them again, shall have THREE POUNDS reward; and if delivered here, TRAVELLING EXPENCES paid. REGINALD GRAHAM.
TAKEN up, in Culpeper, a sorrel mare, about 4 feet 5 inches high, branded on the off buttock I. C. and is about 3 years old. Posted, and appraised to 7l. REUBIN SLAUGHTER.
IF one Mr. GRAYSON, who, it seems, is a native of Maryland and now residing in some part of that province, will be kind enough to acquaint the printer with the letter, or through any other channel, of the circumstances of his meeting Mrs. ISABELLA WALLER, of Plymouth, in England with her husband, appears, he is well acquainted, she will think herself particularly obliged, and return her sincerest thanks for the information.
TO BE SOLD.
THE noted and well accustomed TAVERN, at present occupied by the subscriber, lying in James City county, about 15 miles from Williamsburg, on the main road leading to New Kent courthouse and Ruffin's ferry, with 500 acres of LAND in good order for cropping, and 6 fields under good fence. The terms of payment will be made easy by the subscriber. THOMAS DONCASTLE.
RUN away from Annapolis, the 11th of June, the following SERVANTS, viz. JOSEPH BELONG, a convict, aged about 35 years, born in the west of England, by trade a joiner and painter; he is a dark thick fellow, wears his own dark hair, his dress is supposed to be a dark grey coat, nankkeen waistcoat and breeches, and new shoes; the property of George Stewart. THOMAS KING, an indented servant man, imported in the Obey, captain Campbell, in March last, a bricklayer by trade, a stout well set fellow, of a swarthy complexion, about 30 years of age, born in England, and has been many years on board a man of war; had on and took with him a brown bear-skin coat, blue cloth waistcoat and breeches, striped flannel waistcoat, black breeches, grey yarn stockings, country made shoes, and castor hat; the property of Richard Sprigg. THOMAS FASTON, by trade a joiner, an indented servant man, imported in the Betsy Richmond, captain Nicol, in February last, is a Scotchman, and talks much in that dialect; he is a middle sized man, about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, has short black hair, his fore teeth are very irregular, his dress is uncertain, though it is supposed he has on and with him a suit of purple broad cloth with twist buttons, a new fine hat, an old brown cloth coat, black velvet waistcoat, leather breeches, striped holland trousers, a pair of English shoes that have been soled, sundry white shirts and neckclothes, and has money with him; the property of John Randall. Whoever apprehends the said servants, and delivers them to their masters, or secures them in any gaol, so that they may get them again, shall receive for each man FIVE POUNDS reward, and reasonable charges, paid by the subscribers.
GEORGE STEUART, RICHARD SPRIGG, JOHN RANDALL.
RUN away from the subscriber, living in Anne Arundel county, near Loyn's Creek, in Maryland, an indented servant man named JOHN WHITE, about 5 feet 10 inches high, of a dark complexion and a cheerful countenance, is grey eyed, has short black hair and black beard, and has lost some of his upper fore teeth; he speaks in the north country dialect, as he came from Berwick, professes gardening and farming, and had on, and took with him, a light mixed cloth coat and waistcoat, with yellow metal buttons, nankkeen breeches, with pale yellow serret in the knees, old thread stockings, footed with linen, and another pair of light ribbed worsted, a pair of old channel pumps, and small pinchebeck buckles, a pair of black knit breeches, a fine linen shirt and neckcloth, marked I. K. two mullin ones, marked I. W. with black silk, a good fashionable hat, 3 coarse shirts, 3 ozanabrig ditto, and 3 pair of ozanabrig trousers. It is thought he went away in company with two servants in the neighbourhood, who absconded at the same time. Whoever takes up and secures the said servant, so that his master may have him again, shall receive FIVE POUNDS reward, and reasonable charges if brought home. JOHN KILTY.
TAKEN up, in Brunswick, a dark bay horse, about 14 hands high, branded on the near buttock U, paces and gallops well. Posted, and appraised to 15l. WILLIAM CLACK.
To Mr. BOLLING STARK.
SIR, In answer to your advertisement in Mrs. Rind's paper of the 16th instant, I can inform you that James Young, therein mentioned, died in Weshmoreland county, at the house of Mr. Edward Sanford, near the courthouse, in February 1765; that Mr. Sanford, in the same month, administered on his estate, which amounted to no more than 7l. 19s. as appears by the inventory returned in May following, and consisted of little or nothing but his joiner's tools. He died unmarried, and without issue. I am, SIR, your humble servant, WESMORELAND, JAMES DAVENPORT. June 24, 1774.
NORFOLK, June 20, 1774.
WHEREAS the concern of Hector Mac Alester and company was dissolved on the first instant, the partners thereof, from a desire of bringing their affairs to a speedy conclusion, once more request all persons indebted to them to make immediate payment, either to Robert Donald, of Warwick, or the subscriber, in Norfolk; and as it is not in their power to extend farther the indulgence which, for a long time, has been granted to many, they hope that due regard will be paid to this application. Those who have any demands against the said concern are desired to make them known, that they may be adjusted and paid. The subscriber will continue to do business in this place on his own account, and solicits the favours of his friends. HECTOR MAC ALESTER.
To be SOLD, on Thursday the 1st of September, at Hanover courthouse.
A TRACT of LAND in Hanover county, containing 795 acres, adjoining the lands of Mr. Truelheart and Mr. Geddes Winton, is about 14 miles from Page's warehouse, and about twelve from the town of Richmond. There is a large quantity of excellent pine timber upon it, the soil is good for wheat and Indian corn, and the whole is divided into lots of 265 acres each, for the convenience of purchasers. Credit will be allowed until October 1775, the purchasers giving bond and security; and the bonds to carry interest from the date, if not discharged when they become due.
KINGSMILL, } LEWIS BURWELL, June 22, 1774. } LEWIS BURWELL, junior, 3 } SARAH CAMPBELL.
FOR SALE.
TWO thousand six hundred and seventy five ACRES of LAND in Gloucester county, lying in Pafaworth parish, upon which there is a very good mill on an excellent stream of water. It will be laid off in lots for the convenience of purchasers; and as it is entitled land, application will be made to the next general assembly for an act to dock the entail. Mr. Lewis Booker will show the land, and make known the terms. WILSON M. CARY.
PURSUANT to a decree of the honourable the general court, and by letter of attorney from Colonel George Mercer, of Virginia, now in London, will be sold, at public auction, about 3500 ACRES of LAND, in the county of Loudoun, near West's ordinary, about 12 miles from Leesburg, 40 from Alexandria, and 35 from Dumfries, on Potomack. This LAND is well known by the description of the BULL RUN MOUNTAINS, and is very fertile. Also 6500 acres on Shenandoah river, in the county of Frederick, opposite to Snicker's ordinary, and binding on the river about 7 miles. As this tract is part of a survey, one of the first in that part of the colony, its quality cannot be questioned; it is well watered, will admit of 2 mills on land streams, and others on the river. There are now in it 6 plantations, well improved for cropping, 110 slaves, and very large and choice flocks of horses (some of the dray breed) black cattle, hogs, and sheep, which, together with the crops of corn and wheat now growing (expected to be upwards of 2000 barrels, and 5000 bushels) will be sold, on the premises, on the 24th of November next, or next fair day. The Loudoun lands will be sold at West's ordinary on the 21st day of the same month, and both tracts laid off in lots to suit every kind of purchaser, who may see them by applying to Mr. Francis Peyton, living near the Loudoun lands, and Mr. William Dawson, who resides on the Shenandoah tract. Among the slaves are two good blacksmiths, two carpenters, and an exceeding trusty and skilful waggoner. The aged black cattle and grown hogs will be fattened for slaughter. Purchasers above 25 pounds will be allowed credit for 12 months, on giving bond and security to the subscribers, who will be prepared to make conveyances. JOHN TAYLOR, GEORGE WASHINGTON.
STRAYED from the subscriber, in Hanover county, some time in April last, a black horse colt, 2 years old last spring, about 4 feet 2 or 3 inches high, neither cut, docked, or branded, and is rather slender in made. I imagine he is up the country, as he was seen that way, in company with a black beast. Whoever will deliver him to me shall have TWENTY SHILLINGS, besides what the law allows. AUGUSTINE LONGAN.
RUN away on the 16th instant (June) from the subscriber in Augusta, a negro man named BOB, C. C. 14 U. S., a thick, strong, well made fellow, about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, 30 years of age, took with him two white russet drill coats, one turned up with blue, the other is quite new, plain made, with white figured metal buttons; also a pair of blue plush breeches, a fine cloth pompadour waistcoat, two or three thin or summer jackets, sundry pair of white thread stockings, 5 or 6 white shirts, two of them pretty fine, neat shoes, silver buckles, a fine hat, cut and cocked in the macaroni figure, a double milled dress great coat, and sundry other wearing apparel. He formerly belonged to Doctor George Pitt, in Williamsburg, and I imagine is gone there, under pretence of my sending him upon business, as I have frequently heretofore done. He is cunning, artful, and sensible, and very capable of forging a tale to impose on the unwary, is well acquainted with the lower parts of the country, having constantly rode with me for some years past, and has been used to waiting from his infancy. He was seen a few days before he went off with a purse of dollars, and had just changed a 5l. bill; most or all of which, I suppose, he must have robbed me of, which he might easily have done, as I trusted him much, and placed too great a confidence in his fidelity. It is probable he may endeavour to pass as a free man, by the name of John Christian, and endeavour to get on board some vessel bound for Great Britain, from a knowledge he has of the late determination of Somerset's case. Whoever takes up the said slave, and delivers him to me, shall receive FIVE POUNDS. GABRIEL JONES.
TEN POUNDS REWARD.
RUN away from the subscriber, near the south branch of Meherrin river, in Mecklenburg county, a negro man named BOB, about 5 feet 9 inches high, 26 years old, Virginia born, is very sensible, has bad teeth, speaks very hoarse, and has a small mark on his upper lip; his forehead, which is fleshy, hangs much over his eyes, and makes a dent in his nose joining his forehead. He is a little bow-legged, and his feet are large; can make shoes, play on the fiddle, and is fond of singing with it; he passes as a free man, and calls himself ROBERT CHAVERS. He broke Norfolk gaol in May last, was seen at Craney Island, and is supposed to be gone towards Hampton. Whoever delivers him to me shall have the above reward, or FIVE POUNDS to secure him in any gaol, so that I get him again. I forewarn all masters of vessels from taking him out of the colony at their peril. (2) RICHARD WITTON.
TAKEN up, in Essex, a middle sized grey horse, about four feet seven or eight inches high, paces and trots, is rather dull, and branded on the near buttock. Posted, and appraised to 11l. JOHN EDMONDSON, junior.
TAKEN up, in Goochland, a white mare, 4 feet 7 inches high, about 10 years old, branded on the near buttock T A, is a little fleabitten, has a hanging mane and switch tail, and is in good order. Posted, and appraised to 12l. RICHARD WADE.
TAKEN up, near Naylor's Hole, an old roan sorrel horse, about 4 feet 7 inches high, with a large star in his forehead, both hind feet white, has a lump a little below the hock of his left hind leg, which occasions him to limp, a short sprig tail, and small thin mane, but no perceivable brand. Posted, and appraised to 3l. 10s. FAUNTLEROY DYE.
TAKEN up, in the fork of Robinson river, Culpeper county, a dark bay horse, about 4 feet 9 inches high, branded on the near shoulder I, and on the near buttock G, has a small star in his forehead, and appears to be old. Posted, and appraised to 5l. JOHN JACKSON.
NORFOLK, June 13, 1774.
THE subscribers have for SALE MADEIRA WINE, BARBADOS RUM, CANE, SPIRIT, and MUSCOVADO SUGAR. PHRIPP and BOWDOIN.
For SALE.
NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with three plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds, fit for the reception of a gentleman, the houses being finished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and 43 of Page's warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and in good order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Fleming, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession of the plantations, who will show the land to any person inclined to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will agree with them for the price. The above tract is esteemed the most valuable in Louisa for growing corn, wheat, or tobacco, and situated in the best range for stock of any below the great mountains. (tf 1*)
COMMITTED to Elizabeth City county gaol, on the 12th of this instant, June, a negro man, who says he belongs to James Eppes, of Charles City county; he is a black fellow, about 5 feet 6 inches high, has on a cotton jacket and breeches, and an ozanabrig shirt. The owner is desired to pay charges, and take him away. 3 1/2 JOHN M'LACHLIN, gaoler.
THE debtors to Messieurs Perkins, Buchanan, and Brown, late of London, merchants, having paid no regard to a former advertisement, I think it expedient to call on them in this manner once more to request payment of their debts to me, as attorney of the assignees under the commission of bankrupt. I am advised, that under this commission, which issued the 5th of August, 1773, every interest Mess. Perkins and company then had became vested in the assignees of their effects; that the assignments to Mess. Barlow and company, and Mess. Holland and company, of January and April 1773, being executed by Perkins and Brown alone, were for that reason (without offering any other) incomplete and superseded by the assignment, under the commission aforesaid; and that payments and engagements to pay to Mess. Barlow and company, and Mess. Holland and company, under colour of their respective assignments, are absolutely void, and that the assignees under the commission have yet a right at law to recover all the debts due to Mess. Perkins and company. But to remove all objections, I will indemnify every person for what I shall receive of them for debts contracted with Mess. Perkins, Buchanan, and Brown. CHARLES YATES.
TO BE SOLD.
A TRACT of LAND, containing 1600 acres, in the county of Dunmore, on both sides the North river Shenandoah, and in the forks of Smith's creek and the said river; about 400 acres are low grounds, part of which cost the subscriber 3l. per acre; the rest is level, and well calculated for farming. There is on the premises a dwelling house, 38 by 32 feet, 5 rooms on the lower floor, and 4 fire places, 3 rooms above, with a good cellar, a storehouse, smith's shop, kitchen, quarter, a large barn, stables, and all other outhouses, with about 20 acres of good timothy meadow now in grass, and 100 acres more may be made. One half of the purchase money will be expected when a title is made, and extensive credit given for the remainder. 3 † B. HARRISON.

YORK town, June 9, 1773. T HE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with the will of their testator, the late Honourable William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as possible. Those who have accounts open on his books, and who cannot immediately discharge the balances, are desired to give their bonds. This request is the more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has directed that his younger sons' fortunes shall be placed out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it can be done. Those who have any demands are desired to make them immediately known.
THOMAS NELSON, | HUGH NELSON, THOMAS NELSON, jun. | RO. C. NICHOLAS.
To be sold, to the highest bidder, on the 1st day of September next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, and entered upon at Christmas,
A PLEASANT seat upon Potowmack river, late the property of Richard Foote, deceased. It lies in the lower parish of Stafford county, contains 200 acres of high level ground, and the same quantity of fine firm marsh, has a convenient dwellinghouse of four rooms on a floor, many necessary outhouses, and a good peach and apple orchard, thereon. For fish and wild fowl, few places, within many miles, are equal to it. The sale will be on the premises, and twelve months credit will be allowed, on giving bond, with approved security; the bond to carry interest from the date, if not punctually discharged. Five per cent. discount will be allowed for ready money, and an indisputable title will be made by
William Stuart, Richard Foote, George Foote,
COMMITTED to the gaol of Charles City, on Thursday the 9th instant, June, a likely Virginia born negro fellow, who says his name is Henry, and that he lately belonged to one Richard Booker, in Williamsburg, and by him sold to one John Adkins, in Isle of Wight, and by him sold to a gentleman in North Carolina, whose name he does not know. The owner is desired to apply for him, and pay charges.
3 STITH GREGORY.
T HE subscriber begs leave to inform the public that as soon as the courts proceed on their docket, he proposes to practise as an attorney in the county courts of York and James City, and in the court of Hustings at Williamsburg, and to continue his practice in New Kent and Charles City courts; and as his whole time and attention will be employed in this business, he thinks he can safely promise the utmost diligence and punctuality in it. He proposes to attend at his lodgings, at Mrs. Rind's, in Williamsburg, the day before the courts of York, James City, and the Hustings, and in all public times, to receive the commands of those that will employ him. At other times, his clients' letters left there will be forwarded to him in New Kent by a careful hand, who will receive and pay such money at Williamsburg as the convenience of his clients requires. Titles will be examined, and conveyances drawn, with care and dispatch, by
4* B. DANDRIDGE.
PURSUANT to a decree of the worshipful court of Amherst, will be exposed to sale, at the courthouse of the said county, on Monday the 4th of July next, being court day, to the highest bidder, for ready money, a valuable tract of land in the said county, whereon Joseph Magann now lives, situate on the main Carolina road, about 10 miles from Lynch's ferry, whereon is a good plantation, with orchards, and all convenient and valuable houses, well calculated for carrying on the business of ordinary keeping to advantage, also two valuable slaves, of the estate of the said Magann, to satisfy a judgment lately obtained by Daniel Gaines, gentleman, against the said Joseph Magann, in the said county court of Amherst. 3* GABRIEL PENN.
STRAYED , or stolen, from Mr. Edward Walker's, in Dinwiddie, on the 20th of April last, a small bay horse, with a hanging mane and switch tail, shod before, trots and gallops, and is branded on the near buttock S, or a figure of 8; the under part of his mane, on the off side, is cut, by reason of its thickness, on the near side is a kind of a feather, beginning about half the root of the mane, and continues to the ear; he is 6 or 7 years old. Whoever conveys him to the said Mr. Walker shall receive 5 dollars reward, and if to me, in Williamsburg, ten dollars. 3 JOSEPH CRAWLEY.
ABOBER , diligent young man, who can write a tolerable good hand, would willingly engage with any merchant as a clerk. Any one wanting such a person may hear of him by applying to the printer hereof.
T HE different creditors of the late Mr. Augustine Smith, of Middlesex, deceased, by forthwith sending states of their several accounts, either to J. Ambler, esquire, in York, or to col. William Churchill, in Middlesex, will much oblige their humble servant, 2 JOHN SMITH.
WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight each. Any person having such for sale are desired to make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk. t. f. BASSETT MOSELEY.
To be SOLD, at public auction, at Westmoreland courthouse, on Tuesday the 27th day of September, being Westmoreland court day,
TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born SLAVES. Credit will be allowed until the 10th of November following, on giving bond and good security. The bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually discharged. tdf RICHARD PARKER.
F O R S A L E, F IVE hundred acres of land, lying on Deep Creek, in Louisa, about 45 miles of Richmond town, and is exceeding good land, well watered by Deep Creek, and a large branch thereof, which runs through the middle of the land, and affords a large quantity of rich meadow ground. Any person inclinable to purchase may see the land, and know the terms, by applying to the subscriber, living near it. tf 1* GEORGE MERIWETHER.
To be SOLD, by execution, for ready money, at Ayett's warehouse, on Wednesday the 13th of July, TWENTY seven likely VIRGINIA born NEGROES, consisting of men, women, boys, and girls, the estate of col. James Quarles, deceased, to satisfy three judgments, obtained in York court by the executors of Philip W. Claiborne, deceased.
2 GOODRICH CRUMP, S. Sheriff.
T O B E S O L D, A TRACT of LAND in Berkley and Frederick counties, containing 12,076 acres; it lies 7 miles on each side of Shenando river, the quantity on the east side, being only a slip of low ground, is inconsiderable; the quality of the land is remarkably good, and the conveniences attending it great. There are two plentiful streams of water running through marshes three miles in length, some of which are already reclaimed meadows, and the rest, at a very small expence, might soon be reduced to the like state. On each side of the streams mills might be erected and furnaces, the land affording stone, lime, iron, and lead ore. On one of the streams I have already erected a complete merchant mill, with a pair of the best French burrs for grinding of wheat, and a pair of common stones for grinding of Indian corn; besides this, there is near the dwelling house a tub mill, and on the other stream there is a valuable saw mill. There are five settled and improved plantations; on one of them is a good stone house, 2 stories high, with 2 rooms on a floor, a kitchen, dairy, and all other convenient outhouses; on another plantation, where Michael Pike lived, there is a good stone house; and at the other plantations there are overseers houses, negro quarters, barns, stables, tobacco houses, &c. The above tract shall be either partitioned off in lots of 1000 or 500 acres, or sold bodily to one purchaser. Belonging to this estate there are 112 negroes to be disposed of, together with all the flocks of cattle, equal to any in the colony, horses, mares, colts, hogs, &c. likewise all the necessary implements for the planter or farmer. Any person or persons inclinable to purchase are desired to make their proposals to me at Rosegill, on Rappahannock river, or to leave them with the overseer, who lives at the house plantation, and will shew the land. In November I shall be on the premises, and may then be personally treated with. Part of this land, and some of the negroes, belong to my eldest son, who leaves to me the disposition thereof, and will confirm any engagement I enter into on his part.
6 RALPH WORMELEY.
To be SOLD, at BELVOIR, T HE seat of the honourable George William Fairfax, esquire, in Fairfax county, on Monday the 15th of August next (pursuant to his direction) all his HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE of every kind, consisting of beds and their furniture, tables and chairs, and every other necessary article, mostly new, and very elegant. Ready money will be expected from every purchaser under five pounds, and twelve months credit allowed those who exceed that sum, upon their giving bond, with approved security; to carry interest from the date if the money is not paid within forty days after it becomes due.
6 FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.
To be RENTED, FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS, B E L V O I R,
T HE beautiful seat of the honourable George William Fairfax, esquire, lying upon Potowmack river, in Fairfax county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four convenient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor, five rooms and a passage on the second, and a servants hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and coach house, adjoining, as also a large and well furnished garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres (surrounded, in a manner, by navigable water) are several valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land in different parts, which may be let altogether, or separately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms may be known of Colonel Washington, who lives near the premises, or of me, in Berkeley county, tf FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.
To be SOLD, pursuant to an act of assembly, on Monday the 1st of August next, being Prince William court day,
T HE glebe lands of Dettingen parish, in the said county, adjoining the lands of the present incumbent the reverend James Scott, situate on Quantico Run, about 9 miles from Dumfries, and containing about 400 acres. The soil is good for wheat or tobacco, and there may be got a considerable quantity on the same.
3 HENRY LEE, } churchwardens. LEWIS RENO, }
To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, at Goochland courthouse, on Monday the 18th of July, being court day,
A TRACT of rich, well timbered LAND, lying opposite to Elk Island, in Goochland county, belonging to the estate of Mr. John Smith, deceased, containing 2000 acres, which will be put up in four separate lots. Likewise a tract containing between 3 and 400 acres, lying on both sides of the Little Bird creek, near the head thereof, in the aforesaid county. Those lands having been fully described in a former advertisement renders it unnecessary here. The time of payment will be made known on the day of sale, and bonds, with good security, required of the purchasers.
9 WILLIAM ANDERSON, executor.
††† The meeting of the merchants in Williamsburg, having prevented me from attending on the 20th of June, it may be necessary to assure the public that the above mentioned land will certainly be sold on the day now appointed. The purchasers at the different sales of the slaves and personal estates of Joseph and John Smith, deceased, are desired to take notice, that their bonds will carry interest from the date, if not paid by the 1st of July, which, added to the distressed situation of those estates, I hope, will induce them to make immediate payment.
O N Friday the 5th of August next will be SOLD, at Chesterfield courthouse, to the highest bidder, for ready money, by virtue of a deed of trust, from Thomas Branch, deceased, to John Pankey, Bernard Markham, and Robert Goode, a tract of LAND, in Chesterfield county, about nine miles from Manchester town, containing 150 acres. 3 JOHN PANKEY.
NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.
N OTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000 tons of stone from Mr. Brooke's quarry, on Rappahannock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the lighthouse. Any person inclinable to engage in such work are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall, and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burden. tf BASSETT MOSELEY.
For S A L E, A TRACT of land, on Charles river, York county, containing about 600 acres, part of which is marsh, that may be drained with very little expence. The situation of this place is very convenient for a family, as it lies upon a river that abounds with oysters and fine fish, particularly sheepsheads; it is within 200 yards of a mill, and 2 miles of the church. My reason for selling it is, my having bought a tract of land more convenient to me. Whoever inclines to purchase may know the terms by applying to the subscriber, in York town.
THOMAS NELSON, junior.
F O R S A L E, And to be ENTERED upon at CHRISTMAS next, A VERY valuable tract of LAND in King William county, on Pamunkey river, adjoining the land of the late Mr. John Smith, of Hanover county, deceased, containing 800 acres, more or less, the soil is very rich, and exceedingly well adapted for wheat, corn, or tobacco, particularly the first and second, being low grounds; and there is a considerable quantity of high grounds. It has plenty of good pine and oak timber upon it, convenient houses, and is in good order for cropping, is about two miles from Hanover town, and very convenient to church and two mills. Any person inclinable to purchase may be shewn the land by applying to Mr. Christopher Taliaferro, or Mr. William Jones, who resides near the same, and the terms may be also known by applying to these gentlemen, or to the subscriber. tf THOMAS JONES.
To be SOLD, together or in parcels, T HAT fertile and well timbered tract of LAND, lying in Princess Anne county, known by the name of GIBBS'S WOODS, whereon are several settlements, and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the late governor Gibbs now stands seized, under the deed of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the said governor Gibbs. Persons inclining to purchase may be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy, in Williamsburg, who will give an undoubted title. tf
To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately, A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county. It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I advertised last year and then gave a full account of it, since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke, of Maryland, but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more to offer it to the public. Any person inclinable to purchase may know the terms by applying to me in Middlesex. I want part of the money at the meeting of the merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable credit. tf AUGUSTINE SMITH.
FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP, A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none of the land having been cleared above six years, with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500 acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years without dung. I have made on this plantation above three thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appomattox river, on each side of Great Ducker's and Mayo creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry weather, two canoe loads of wheat were carried near to Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling. Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not know any better high land in the colony. This tract of land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on Ducker's creek. People are going much on raising wheat in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantageous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 826 acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any person who viewed either of the above tracts of land would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever. A reasonable time of payment will be allowed. tf ANTHONY WINSTON.
I F I N D it necessary to give this public notice, that Jasper Mauduit Gidley was dismissed from being my collector in September last, and that no receipts given by the said Gidley for money on my account, since that time, will be allowed by me; and I request the favour of the gentlemen of the law, in the different counties, to retain in their own hands any bonds or accounts of mine delivered them by the said Gidley, either before or after September last, and be kind enough to let me know, by a line, what steps they have taken on such bonds and accounts. THOMSON MASON.