The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1794-02-17 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.
MONDAY, FEBRUARY 17, 1794.
[NUMBER 170—VOL 4.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE, Received by late arrivals at NEW-YORK.
PARIS, November 7.
THE Criminals condemned yesterday were five in number, viz. Pierre Gondier, Nicholas Laroque, Jean Lepage, Anne, Pierre Collard, and Louis Philippe Egalite, ci-devant Duke of Orleans. The crime imputed to the latter was being the author and accomplice of conspiracy against the unity and indivisibility of the Republic; the liberty and security of the French People. Philip d'Orleans was condemned between two and three o'clock in the afternoon, and was taken from the Conciergerie, with four others, and placed in the cart at half past four, to be transported to the place of execution. The populace as they went along shouted in plaudits, "perish traitors and tyrants, live the Republic!" At forty minutes past five, the cart arrived at the Place de la Revolution, and the head of Philippe fell the first.
The news from London is as late as the 28th of October. The head quarters of the English troops, which were at Gylton had been changed to Gaskin, between Lisle and Tournay. The duke of York acknowledges that his troops have more courage than prudence; that he has been surrounded by a party of Republican dragoons, and very near being made prisoner; that the two naval officers, who were sent to La Vendee to stir up the Royalists, were ordered back to London; and that Mr. Edmund Burke is raised to the rank of an Irish Peer, under the title of Lord Conought.
November 9.
By letters from all parts of our frontiers we find the most formidable preparations are made to arrest the progress of the combined powers. The fortifications of Huningue are in the best condition; their artillery is considerably augmented, and it is provisioned for 6 months. The citadel of Sedan is deemed impregnable, and the national guards are on duty there. At Mezieres the fortifications are doubled; and a fort is erected on Montencour, which commands that place, and a great extent of country round it.
Extract of a letter from the representatives of the people at the army of the north, dated head quarters, Maubeuge, October 17th.
"The republican army has gained a victory over the enemy—they have disappeared from before it; and we have just entered Maubeuge, amidst the shouts of the people and a numerous garrison, which we have delivered. The battle lasted two days, from sun rise till dark—we had prepared for another attack this morning, and our troops were already under arms, when the party sent to reconnoitre, came back and informed us of the retreat of the enemy. Our troops then took possession of their camp—the entrenchments which the enemy were throwing up for 17 days, with the greatest activity, would have discouraged any other but republican troops. Cobourg thought himself so impregnable, that he said "I own the French are brave Republicans, and I shall become one myself if I am driven from here." This discourse was delivered to our brave men, and the post was carried an hour after. The enemy having collected all their force in this decisive attack, forced us for a while to evacuate it; our soldiers drove them out of it a second time—a third time the enemy took possession of it—at last the republicans, roused by such resistance, charged with the bayonet, and became finally victorious. They flew in great precipitation, and all their artillery would have fallen into our hands, had the garrison of Maubeuge known what was doing on our side, and had made a sortie at the time we attacked the enemy in front. Our chief pride is, that general Jourdan has beaten Cobourg. Our officers seconded well the orders of their general. The enemy in their retreat committed great devastation—they burnt the villages, and revenged themselves for their misfortunes on the poor peasants. The law allows them an indemnification; you are, without doubt, desirous to have it executed, and we have placed at the disposal of the district of Avesnes the sum of 200,000 livres, to supply the wants of the victims of Cobourg's rage.
(Signed)
CARNOT, DUQUESNOY, and BAR.
NATIONAL CONVENTION.
October 28.
Billaud Varennes read a letter dated Nice, October 29, as follows:—
"The Piedmontese, to the number of 400 men and six pieces of cannon, attacked the post of Gillet, occupied by 700 Republicans, without cannon; who nevertheless vigorously repulsed them. This day our troops have in their turn attacked the Piedmontese, and obtained a complete victory over them. The attack begun at 4 o'clock in the morning, and lasted the whole day; a great number of prisoners were taken, the remainder fled. Four
hundred prisoners are already arrived at Nice, among whom, it is said, is a Neapolitan Prince.—As many more are expected to-morrow. This affair is not concluded, and we expect other advantages; an account of which shall be given as soon as we receive the details, which cannot fail to arrive shortly: Vive la Republique and Ca Ira. We every moment expect 7 pieces of cannon and the remainder of the prisoners.
(Signed)
"SALICETTI GASPARIN."
FLORENCE, October 11.
The following curious account of our late interference with the court of Tuscany, is given in a French Gazette.
On the 8th of this month the English minister, Lord Hervey, entered the palace of the grand Duke by forcing the gate, and ordered him, on the part of Lord Hood, to determine within twelve hours on breaking his neutrality with France. On leaving the palace Lord Hervey drew out his watch and said, "Sir, I shall not count the hours but the minutes."
The council of the grand Duke sent to the English minister to require his declaration in writing. He gave it nearly in these terms:
"That having several times fruitlessly informed his Royal Highness how much the system which he had hitherto pursued was displeasing to the British cabinet, he had now to intimate to his Royal Highness from Lord Hood that this system must be changed, and the French minister and all his adherents sent off, with the smallest possible delay; and that the same division of the fleet which had acted at Genoa, waited but his answer to steer for Leghorn, either as friends or enemies."
Terror seized on the council of Tuscany. The grand Duke sent his answer to Lord Hervey, "that he took with eagerness the opportunity of shewing to his Britannic majesty the desire which he entertained of making his conduct perfectly agreeable."
"On the 9th, at noon, the French resident minister received the following note from the secretary of the grand Duke:
"His Royal Highness commands me to inform you, that after the pressing and official instances of the combined powers, he finds himself obliged to declare to you, that it is necessary to the public tranquility, you should depart, you and your adherents, as speedily as possible."
"The citizen Laffitte answered this billet with much dignity, by demanding, what security the grand Duke would procure for the French Citizens returning into their own country? after having received assurances that every attention should be paid to this object, he and the citizens Chauvelin took their departure."
LONDON, November 14.
On the 6th Nov. Coustard, and another Deputy of the Convention, were executed on the Guillotine.
Bailly, the late Mayor, will soon suffer a similar fate; he has been transferred to the Conciergerie, and so has General Carles.
Generals Houchard and Brunet, and M. Barthelemy, the Author of the Voyages of Anacharsis, have been also transferred from the Abbaye to the Conciergerie.
The total number of persons confined in the several prisons was yesterday 3255.
The wife of Roland is shortly to appear before the Revolutionary Tribunal, to give information respecting the retreat of her husband, or to undergo the punishment which was reserved for that Ex-Minister.
Madame Kolli, wife of the Ex-Farmer General of that name, had obtained a suspension of her sentence, by declaring herself with child. The time for that proof being elapsed, she was yesterday delivered over to the guillotine. Lemayne, Gamser, Lacombe, and Pugnere, members of the popular commission at Bourdeaux, have shared the same fate.
Last moments of the late Queen of France.
When she heard her sentence read, she did not shew the smallest alteration, in her countenance, and left the hall without saying a single word to the judges or to the people. It was then half past four in the morning, October 16. The queen was conducted to the condemned hold in the prison of the Conciergerie.
At 5 o'clock the generale was beat. At 7, the whole armed force was on foot; cannon were planted on the squares, and at the extremities of the bridges, from the palace to the square de la Revolution—At ten o'clock numerous patrols passed through the streets.
At half past 11 in the morning, Marie Antoinette was brought out of the prison dressed in a white dishabille, she wore a very small white cap. Her back was turned to the horse's tail.
During her trial she wore a dress of a white and black mixture.
On her right, upon the cart, was seated the executioner; upon the left a constitutional priest, belonging to the Metropolitan church of Notre Dame, dressed in a grey coat, and wearing what is commonly called a bob wig. The cart was escorted by numerous detachments of horse and foot. Henriot, Rouffin, and Boulauger, generals of the revolutionary army, preceded by the rest of the staff officers, rode before the cart.
An immense mob, especially women crowded the streets, insulting the queen, and vociferating, "Long live the republic! She seldom cast her eyes upon the populace, and beheld with a cold indifference the great armed force of 30,000 men, which lined the streets in double ranks.
The sufferings which she sustained during her captivity had much altered her appearance, and the hair on her forehead appeared as white as snow.
The queen, without anguish or bigotry, was speaking to the priest seated by her side. Her spirits were neither elevated nor depressed; she seemed quite insensible to the shouts of "Vive la republique!" She even shewed a kind of satisfaction in looking for the moment which might rid her of her miserable existence.
When she passed through the street called Rue St. Honore, the sometimes attentively looked at the inscriptions of the words "Liberty" and "Equality" affixed to the outside of the houses.
She ascended the scaffold with seeming haste and impatience, and then turned her eyes with great emotion towards the garden of the Thuilleries, the former abode of her greatness.
At half past twelve o'clock the guillotine severed her head from her body. She died in the 38th year of her age.
The Executioner lifted and shewed the blood-streaming head from the four different corners of the scaffold, which is shewn only from one side in all other common executions. The mob instantly vociferated, "Long live the Republique!"
A young man who dipped his pocket handkerchief in the Queen's blood, and pressed it with veneration to his breast, was instantly apprehended. Upon him were found the portraits of Louis XVI. and Marie Antoinette.
The corpse of the ill-fated Queen was immediately after buried in a grave filled with quick lime, in the church yard called de la Madelaine, where Louis XVI. was buried in the same manner.
November 16. The matchless monster Egalite, is now no more. This wretch, though with a heart the worst that ever man was ever cursed with, possessed with the most boundless ambition, but had not a mind capable of carrying into effect any brilliant plan to arrive at his object. He never once acted ingenuously, but through the means of various docile instruments, he aspired to the throne, while he affected to embrace the principles of Democracy. The guillotine has so far done justice, and the Convention, by seizing on his extensive domains, will find a valuable source to prosecute the war. His rental before the revolution amounted to 150,000. sterling per annum.
UNITED STATES.
BOSTON, January 18.
Last night, at 11 o'clock, the ship Hazard, Capt. Delano, arrived here from London, after a passage of 60 days. From the papers we have received by this arrival, which are as late as the 9th Nov. and from a conversation with the captain, we are enabled to make the following abstract:
That at the time of his sailing there had not been an insurrection in England, as reported; but that in many of the country and manufacturing towns, much dissatisfaction of the war prevailed.
That there was not the least prospect of a war between the United States and any European nation; and that very high freights could be obtained in England for American vessels.
That the supposed defection at Brest was unfounded; as the republican party in that city, and in the fleet there, was very strong.
That Toulon was not re-taken, but was invested with a powerful army.
That things appeared favorable to the revolution in France, that provisions are cheap, and the armies well supplied.
That a severe battle was fought at Marchiennes, in which, according to the London Gazette, the combined armies were victorious. This Gazette states, that they took 1629 prisoners, officers included, and that there are supposed to have been about 300 of the enemy killed. Other accounts say, that of the French there were 4000 killed and taken prisoners.
That the Spaniards had been again beaten in their entrenched camp, at Baulon, losing 8 pieces of cannon, 9 tumbrils, and 130 prisoners.

Extract of two letters from a gentleman of undoubted veracity, whose information may be depended upon, now in France, to his friend in this town, dated PARIS, Oct. 20, 1793.
"The state of France is much altered within a few weeks for the better. Liberty must triumph, and I thank God there is such a nation as the French to defend her cause—some distresses must happen—some wrongs must be committed;—but the principle is eternal, and must finally prevail."
Oct. 25, 1793.
"I cannot help sending you this, in hopes it will reach you by the same vessel that I wrote my last. The affairs of France are much altered within a few days, and every appearance justifies the most sanguine expectations in favor of their final success. Nothing could have placed them on so good a footing, as the total destruction of all their internal enemies, or rather civil wars; but they have not only done that, but appear in a very fair way to repel all the combined armies. They have been beaten upon the Rhine, a complete surprise was effected; but in every other part they have the advantage—should Toulon be re-taken which is quite probable, (as the French have driven the Spaniards and English quite into the town) I think the dance will be up. I cannot but believe, that in case France falls, America will follow."
NEW BEDFORD, January 13.
On Saturday last, Capt. Grinnell arrived here from Boston. He brings information that Thursday evening last, Capt. Hallet, in 69 days from Ostend, arrived in Boston—Brings papers which contain the following very interesting particulars:—
That on the 13th October, the combined army consisting of 80 000 men, under Prince Cobourg, attacked the town of Maubeuge, at 7 o'clock in the evening. The place was garrisoned by 110 000 French, who engaged the assailants for 24 hours—the battle was obstinate and bloody; at 7 o'clock the evening following the Austrians were routed, and pursued with immense slaughter. That the combined armies are again leaving France, in all quarters. That they are fearful of the event if they engage an inferior force. That four regiments of the British soldiery were embarking at Ostend, supposed to be on their return home; as their general, the Duke of York, has preceded them with a sorrowful heart. That the British fleet in the West Indies had received express orders from the British court, not to intercept an American vessel whatever may be her cargo.
PHILADELPHIA, February 1.
The captain of a vessel, arrived this week from Ireland, brings word, that half of a corps of eighteen hundred horse, which were landed at Ostend from England, were cut off by the French, two days after their arrival. The captain himself sold horses to those who were sent to supply the deficiency occasioned by their loss.
A press-gang, at Plymouth, he also informs, had been attacked, and the whole number, except two, killed by the populace.
C O N G R E S S. H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S.
Monday, February 3.
The house again resolved itself into a Committee of the whole, Mr. Trumbull in the chair, on the report of the secretary of state on the privileges and restrictions of the commerce of the United States in foreign countries, and after a desultory debate the question was taken on the first proposition, the same was carried by 51 to 26. After which the committee rose, reported progress, and had leave to sit again.
Tuesday, February 4.
In committee of the whole on Mr. Madison's resolution. The motion made yesterday by Mr. Fitzsimons, for striking out the words, "Nations not having a commercial treaty with the United States" was after a few observations, withdrawn, to make way for a motion by Mr. Nicholas, the object of which was to except from the discrimination proposed, sundry powers with whom the United States have no commercial treaty.
This motion leaves the discrimination to operate against Great Britain only—the powers proposed to be excepted are, Russia, Denmark, the Hanseatic towns, the Imperial ports, Spain, and Portugal.
The debate continued till 1/2 after three o'clock—when the committee rose without taking a vote—and the House adjourned.
P E T E R S B U R G, January 28.
We are informed that upwards of three thousand persons have already been inoculated for the small-pox in Richmond. Out of six, who have taken it in the natural way, four are dead.
A correspondent observes, that while the French nation are carrying all before them in Europe, it is truly astonishing that the only nation which can be from principle attached to their cause, should give countenance to the enemies of the republic in the western hemisphere. Does not the British frigate, now at Norfolk, remain there contrary to the spirit of the Treaty? And is it not a notorious fact, that the consul at Norfolk has been for some time past contracting for a large quantity of Pork, to ship off in her for the supply of the British squa-
alk those, whose duty it is to take cognizance of this flagrant outrage done to the feelings of every friend to the cause of Liberty. As no one seems to have noticed it, we cannot suppose it to be the duty of our Governor; and it seems in vain to expect it from our patriotic citizens, the faithful subjects of George the third at Norfolk.
B A L T I M O R E, February 4.
All the London papers agree in their accounts of a general fermentation in England; they can publish nothing but under restrictions; their manufactures are stopped; no person pays, nor is paid; at the same time, the body of idle mechanics increases; pressing and enlistment is exercised with unheard of violence, and does not appease the hungry multitude. To calm the minds of the people, their government ought to boast of some success; but they have nothing but defeats and losses to tell. Gardner repulsed—The Duke of York beaten—Lord Hood covered with the odium of unnecessary cruelty—Pitt accused of all crimes; denounced by Justice and the National Convention to the whole universe—Grenville quite ashamed of having suffered the dismemberment of Poland; of having alienated the Americans, and lost forever the trade with France—Dundas, the English Lawliere, is tired of signing Lettres de Cachet. With what countenance shall this group of foxes and tygers, when taken by share, appear before the English people? and notwithstanding a demand of 12 millions sterling is about to be made for the continuance of this execrable war, if opposition is not descended to a phantom, it must arouse the whole nation to the assistance of its minority; and that minority must increase, the moment John Bull shews his teeth. It appears that these reflections have struck the ministers themselves; now many of them dreading the tempest that is rising, hope to gain a shelter—Richmond is retired—Grenville and Dundas are preparing themselves for an honesty, by an apropos dismissal; but Pitt, in acting the Jesuit, and King George in exclaiming What! What! What! &c. &c. &c. are approaching, with an irresistible current, to the last judgment of the people, and to the Revolutionary Guillotine. Extract of a letter from George Town, dated 5th February, 1794.
"THE HOTEL has at last made its appearance; the possessor of the fortunate number is Mr. HIGGINSON, an attorney at law, in Philadelphia.—none of the other high prizes have yet been drawn, but cannot much longer remain in the wheel, as there are only 17,500 tickets in at present. The gain of the wheel, previous to the drawing of the above prize, was 98,155 dollars."
We learn, by last night's mail, that the whole of Mr. Madison's Propositions (which had occupied the Debates of Congress near 3 weeks past) have at length passed the House of Representatives by a majority of 6—by which further restrictions are laid on the commerce of all nations not having a treaty with the United States, particularly the English.
February 5.
Extracts from the Supplement to the "Courier de la France, et de ses Colonies," a French paper of the 23! instant, printed at Philadelphia.
"We take the earliest opportunity of giving to our readers the important news which we have just received from St. Domingo, by the arrival of a vessel at Wilmington. The messenger who brought this news, left the island of Tortue in an American brig which arrived the 20th of January at Port Penn, Reedy Island, in the river Delaware.—Another vessel left Port de Paix six days before, confirms the account of the arrival of the English Squadron. This vessel came to Mr. Palmer, Philadelphia; the accounts by which say, that on the 24th December last, the English Squadron, consisting of 14 ships of the line, six frigates, and about 60 transports and store ships, with 15 000 men, shewed themselves in the channel of Tortue, and the Island, after a cannonading of two hours, surrendered.
On the 25th a part of the Squadron reached Port de Paix, made an attack which lasted 24 hours.—The forts commanded by Pageat and Laveaux made a vigorous resistance.
On the 26th the English colours were hoisted on the forts of Port de Paix, and the English troops were disembarked. The Generals Pageat and Laveaux were made prisoners of war.
The English and French troops in garrison at the Mole made a fort to attack Port de Paix by land, while the Squadron were cannonading it on the sea side. All the province, to the farthest extremity, to the North of Port de Paix (except the Cape which is not yet taken) is this day under the protection of the Spaniards, and hoists the colours of that nation.
A detachment of cavalry of the citizens, on the 20th of June, seized Santhonax, and conducted him to the gloomy environs of Port-au-Prince.
A detachment of people of colour seized Polverel, and put him in prison, where he is confined.
MARTINSBURG, FEBRUARY 17, 1794.
Abstract of the further Intelligence from France, received by late arrivals.
INTERNAL SITUATION.
The following is a short retrospective view of the situation of France:
That though there existed a great diversity of opinion respecting the form of government finally
to be adopted, the resolution of joining the belligerent powers to acknowledge their right of choosing what form of government, and what laws they please; and of compelling their enemies to sue for peace. To effect this object they have an army of 700 000 regulars, partly in the field, and partly in garrison; that notwithstanding this force, they have called out the first class of their citizens, who have already amounted to 420 000 men; these they are training in their fortified towns, that they may be ready by next spring to take the place of their regulars who are then to act on the offensive, by invading the territories of their enemies—that next spring the 2d class is to be organized, in order to be ready to succeed the first class, who, when properly disciplined, are to march to the assistance of the regulars: thus every class is to be called out, as their services become necessary, till not a man is left in France, or they make their enemies sue for peace. There are fifty sail of first rate ships of the line building and equipping at Brest, to be ready by April next (it is believed for a descent on England); they have also embargoed all the merchant vessels in the different ports, to act as transports; and they have certainly a revolutionary party forming in England, to favor a descent, should the expedition now forming be sent there. That the affairs of France are so desperate, that all their former resources are exhausted—that the mode in which they procure the necessaries for carrying on the war is by fixing the price of the articles (such as iron, &c. &c.) at a certain rate, and then taking the property of any individual held by them.—that their decrees are executed by force. Such is the mode they have from necessity adopted and all views of commerce are abandoned till the close of the war.
AMERICAN DEBT.
The Societe Populaire of St. Malo has demanded of the National Convention, that they request the United States of America to pay the debt due by them to France in vessels of war, to aid them in the cause of Liberty.
The EMPEROR of GERMANY.
Has gone himself into Hungary to fix on the sum necessary to be levied, and the number of troops to be raised for the next campaign.
The NATIONAL CONVENTION,
By a decree of the 1st November, have resolved that any fortified city or town which shall not make resistance against the enemies of France, when attacked by them, shall be destroyed, and not one stone left upon another.
TOULON.
By the last accounts from Toulon, it was in the hands of the English—That there was an army of 150 000 men before it, under the command of General Carteaux—that they were determined to retake it; but expected that it would cost them many thousands of men—that the Spaniards and English had differed respecting the liberation of the sailors on board the French ships at Toulon; the one being for still holding them prisoners, the other for letting them free—that, however, they embarked 6000 of them on board of four French ships of his line, and sent them to Brest, L'Orient, and Rochefort, and that these ships were immediately commissioned.
After every exertion, we have failed in obtaining paper sufficient to publish a whole sheet this day; our readers will therefore excuse the half sheet issued—The want of paper has obliged some Printers to discontinue their publications altogether—but we hope to obtain a supply for our next, though we apprehend it will be of smaller size than that heretofore made use of.
THIS is to inform the public in general, that I have purchased an improvement on the land called my Lord's tract, near the Swan Pond, with 50 acres of said land, and fenced about 12 acres, the greatest part cleared—be it known, that Jane Dunlap, wife of Joseph Dunlap, came on said premises with three men and burned 64 pannels of fence & rails high, with a number of rails hauled to it to make it lawful, and threw upwards 50 pannels, every rail, out of its place. I have since laid the ground work, and they have renewed their fire and consumed a part. I beg leave to inform the public, that I am not the only one that has suffered by this quarrelsome woman. These are to forewarn Joseph Dunlap, and all other persons, from coming inside my ground work, which I have a third time laid, to clear or make any other improvements, as I am determined to keep the ground, until decided by law. I am, with profound respect, the public's most obedient servant, AARON FARDEN.
February 10, 1794.
THE Subscriber most respectfully informs the public, that on the first day of March next, he takes possession of his Mills, late in the tenure of Messrs. J. & F. Riddle—that he determines to carry on the Milling Business in his own name, and for this purpose has engaged a Miller, whose knowledge in the business and uprightness of character is indisputable. He shall be ready at the above time to receive grain from those of the former, as well as others who intend to become customers to the above Mills, and assures them, that he will abide by the same rules established by Messrs. Riddle, in the Milling business, and that every attention shall be paid to give general satisfaction.
JOSIAH FLAGG.
February 17, 1794.