The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1794-07-07 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, JULY 7, 1794.
[NUMBER 190—VOL. 4.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
TO BE SOLD, A HOUSE and LOT, in the town of Martinsburg, opposite Dr. Winterfith's. The house is new, and finished except plastering; is handy to water, and has a good stable on the lot.
Another HOUSE and LOT, adjoining Mr. Bestick's, nearly opposite the Clerk's Office. This lot is also handy to water, the spring adjoining the same. The former of these houses is well calculated for a tavern, being plan'd for that purpose; the latter is very suitable for a tradesman. For terms, apply to PETER CLACOMB.
JUNE 28, 1794.
FOR SALE, A valuable TRACT of LAND, Lying directly on the Warm-Spring road, about 13 miles from Martinsburg, near Johnson's mill. This tract contains 100 acres of good land, 8 or 10 acres of good meadow may be made, with a small tenement thereon, water very convenient on the road side, &c. The terms will be made known by applying to the subscriber, on the premises. WILLIAM GRAY.
JUNE 25, 1794.
WANTED IN EXCHANGE, A Negro Wench, who has been used to house work, for a young Negro Girl. A generous allowance will be made. Inquire of the Printer.
JUNE 28, 1794.
BY virtue of the last will and testament of Mary MacDonald , deceased, will be sold at Public Auction, to the highest bidder, on twelve months credit, a certain tract of LAND, containing by deed thirty-five acres, situate in Hampshire County, on Potomac River, contiguous to a tract formerly belonging to William Williams , and now belonging to Mr. Strade , of Berkeley County. The sale will begin on the premises precisely at twelve o'clock, on the first day of September next, when due attendance shall be made, by
ISAAC HITE, jun. ARCH. McDONALD. } Executors.
JUNE 22, 1794.
BATH COFFEE-HOUSE. BERKELEY WARM SPRINGS.
THE Subscriber takes the liberty to inform his Friends, and the Public in general, that he has again opened a BOARDING HOUSE in that large and commodious building in Bath-square, formerly occupied by Mr. M. Wooley , which he has, at a considerable expense, put in complete repair, and made many essential additions for the accommodation of those who may please to favour him with their custom, who may be assured that nothing on his part shall be wanting to render their visit to Bath agreeable. JOSEPH BUTLER.
JUNE 25, 1794.
A List of Letters remaining in the Post Office in Martinsburg, which if not taken up before the first day of October next, will be sent to the General Post Office as dead letters.
 B. Mr. Brinker, Tanner, near Martinsburg.  Thomas Billingly, care of Mr. Chambers, inn keeper, Berkeley.  John Boyd, care Flo. Mahony.  G. William Gilley, Mill-Creek.  H. John Ham, care of Frederick Potts. George Hite, Berkeley.  L. Abraham Lee, belonging to the company of Infantry, raised in Berkeley County.  O. John O'Ferral, Martinsburg.  P. Jacob Pennybaker, Martinsburg.  R. William Rofs, care Walter Clark, Bullskin.  D. E. Rumfey, near Martinsburg.  S. Smith Slaughter, Esq.  V. James Vance, Bucklestown. 
EVAN SHELBY, P. M.
JUNE 28, 1794.
Cash given for clean Cotton and Linen RAGS, at the Printing-Office. Good encouragement will be given to a person who will collect Rags.
[Papers accompanying Mr. Hammond's letter, referred to in our last.]
(Copy) On board the Tigre, Monday, being the 7th April, 1794.
Mr. COOPER, I HAVE repeatedly sent to the captain and owners of the Snow Venus , now lying in Norfolk, to proceed in Hampton Roads, being chartered by T. H. Le Counte and Richard Gerson, agents for the French republic, who have shipped in her nineteen hundred barrels of flour for account of the Republic, as appears by Capt. M'Connell's receipts.—But to this moment I have not seen the said Snow, and am informed she does not intend to join my convoy—I then request you, Sir, to order her and see her under way, and should she not obey your orders, I request you to force her to proceed, being my duty to take all French property under my convoy. Your friend, VANSTABEL.
John Cooper, Esq. Commander of the ship Vanstabel, at Norfolk.
The above is a true copy of General Vanstabel's orders to me, and in consequence of which I take possession of the Snow Venus , in order to deliver her to General Vanstabel, now on board the Tigre , in Hampton Roads.
(Signed) JOHN COOPER.
I John Cooper, commander of the ship Vanstabel , lying in the port of Norfolk and Portsmouth, do hereby certify, that I have taken possession of the Snow Venus , commanded by Alexander M'Connell, laden with nineteen hundred barrels of flour on freight for the French republic, agreeable to General Vanstabel's orders to proceed to join his convoy; and to proceed to France, a light of the General's orders previously being shown to capt. M'Connell by me. JOHN COOPER.
April 8th, 1794. Ship Tigre, April 5th, 1794.
Sir, General Vanstabel tells me you are under his convoy—you have therefore a right to come down and join the fleet.
I am, Sir, Your most obedient servant, W. WILSON.
Capt. M Donnel, Brig Venus. Philadelphia, 10th June, 1794.
Sir, As I did not receive your letter dated the 2d current until late in the afternoon of the 4th, I was incapacitated by that circumstance from returning you an answer on an earlier day than Saturday last. But your letter having been printed, I venture to hope from the President's impartiality and candor, that he will be pleased to direct my answer also to be published.
I have the honor to be with great respect, Sir, your most obedient humble servant, GEO. HAMMOND.
The Secretary of State. Philadelphia, June 10, 1794.
Sir, Before I had the honor of receiving your letter of this date, I had requested, and obtained from the President of the United States, permission to publish your other letter of the 7th instant; and it was immediately given. The clerks in my department having been particularly engaged to day, the transcription for the press shall be begun to-morrow.
Being at present anxious only to make a few observations on a matter of fact, permit me to sum up the material parts of your reasoning in this short reply; that neither the whole passage of Lord Dorchester's speech nor the whole speech itself, nor yet the manner of the Indians assembling, whether by invitation, or of their own accord, varies the hostile tendency of the sentence which I quoted; that when the conduct of Governor St. Clair in 1789 and of the commissioners in 1793, is introduced as a justification of the effort on the part of Lord Dorchester to the extent, which I have ascribed to him, it may be answered among many other considerations, that you have, perhaps unintentionally, afforded room to suppose, that this effort was dictated by a spirit of reprisal; that if the measures of the Governor or of the commissioners which were directed to peace for ourselves with the savages, not to war against any other nation, had been justly exceptionable, they would have been probably remonstrated against before this day; that it might be reasonably presumed, that the dissatisfaction expressed against the people of Vermont was removed, after an acquiescence of nineteen months, without a complaint; since we could communicate from hence nothing on that head which was not better known, to those who were on the spot; that the declaration in my letter of the 2d inst. was not that my predecessors letter of the 5th of June 1793 was satisfactory to you, but only that it was concerned of itself to be satisfactory; that there is a clear distinction between
an express permission to sell prizes, and the not prohibiting of such sales, when the writers on the law of nations were divided on the right so to prohibit; that we must wait for further facts before the insinuation concerning the embargo is again discussed; but that an unlawful violation of an embargo, or the want of coercive means for preventing a fleet of 156 vessels, including ships of war and merchandise from departing from Hampton road, which is not many miles distant from the sea, is not even an implied permission; that the fate of the small Schooner Berry is no other than the fate of the French Snow La-Camille ; that, as you impute all the instances of ill treatment to the British officers, to which you have alluded, "Solely to the unauthorised aggressions and insults of individuals, and not in any manner whatever to any ill disposition in the government itself;" it is enough to repeat the freedom and probity of our courts for granting full redress to suitors of every nation; that it was the incontrovertible privilege of our government to refuse the passport, solicited for the British officers, without infringing its maxims of impartiality; and that no sense of expediency can justify a further penetration into our territory.
The matter of fact, to which I have now referred, respects your letter of the 27th of December 1793. It was received before I came into office:—filed away with an endorsement indicating it to be unnecessary for me to act upon it; and marked as relating to the vessel Hope only. The contents of your letters having been generally noted on the back with accuracy, it was imagined that no other case than that of the Hope was contained in this letter, and that it was unconnected with the question before us. This then will account for the passing of it over, if indeed it should be necessary to do so, when it is not contended that from the 27th of December 1793 to the 22d of May 1794, near five months our government heard any thing from yourself upon the subject; and when during the time of those privateers continuing idle in the port of New-York, they could be of no injury to their enemies. I trust however that I shall soon be in a capacity of transmitting to you the whole transaction.
Reserving for a future examination and a less pressing moment your comments upon the affair of Rhode-Island; I have the honor, Sir, to be with great respect your most obedient servant. EDM. RANDOLPH.
The Minister Plenipotentiary of his Britannic Majesty. Department of State, 19th of June 1794.
I hereby certify that the foregoing letters of 7th and 10th instant, with the inclosure in the former, from Mr. Hammond Minister Plenipotentiary of his Britannic Majesty, to the Secretary of State's answer of the 10th instant, are true copies of the originals on the file in the office of the Department of State. GEO. TAYLOR, Jun.
FOREIGN ADVICES.
By the Enterprise, Capt. Thomson, arrived at New York from Cork. papers have been received up to the 28th of April, which afford the following intelligence.
ST. AMAND, April 9.
THE enemy are in considerable force at Camp de César, a short distance from Valenciennes, in which neighbourhood Prince Cobourg is encamped; the number of the former cannot be ascertained; that of the Austrian army is about 40,000 infantry, and the whole of the cavalry. From their proximity we may shortly expect some movements of consequence.
The French have greatly augmented their cavalry—it is said, to the number of 40,000. The most active measures are making on the part of the allies to do the like.
Reinforcements for the imperial army daily arrive on this frontier. The Duke of York's army is to comprise 70,000 men, including Prussian auxiliaries. Our artillery is excellent; that attached to the British army will amount to nearly 50 pieces of ordnance, admirably well appointed. The park at present, is at Le Celles, near this town, drawn up in two lines, in readiness for immediate service.
It is understood, that the Duke's army is to cover the operations of Prince Cobourg against Avesne, Landrecy, and possibly against Marbeuge; while General Clairfait, with a considerable detachment, will invest Cambray, and keep the enemy quiet towards Lisle. In case of success against Landrecy, it is universally believed, that the three armies, forming separate columns, will proceed to Paris.
VALENCIENNES, April 16.
Last Sunday, as the Emperor was walking in the park at Brussels, a foreigner of a very suspicious

his Majesty. He was observed and arrested by one of the officers on duty, who, on his being unable to assign any probable reason for his pressing near the Emperor, took him into custody.
From his first interrogatory it appears, that he is a stone cutter by trade, and arrived two days ago from Switzerland, in order to follow his business at Brussels; but as he is an utter stranger to all the people of his profession in that town, and his depofitions contradict each other in some very material points, he has not yet been released.
ARLON, April 19.
Yesterday we had a severe rencontre with the Imperialists near to this city. At first we were driven back by a vigorous attack, but soon we rallied, and advancing in a mass compelled the enemy to fly before us. Arlon opened its gates; we entered the city, drums beating, colors flying, and there we got possession of 8 pieces of cannon, many horses, and a variety of other articles have fallen into our hands.
LONDON, April 23.
Captain Carlton, unfortunately killed in the late action in Flanders, is son of Lord Dorchester, and an officer much esteemed. A shot from a cannon cut his arm in two; another shattered his head to atoms!
Chaumette, General Arthur Dillon, and seventeen others, were convicted by the Revolutionary Tribunal, and guillotined on the 13th instant. Among them were the widows of Herbert and Camille Desmoulins. Eight of these charged with this conspiracy were acquitted.
Letters from Vienna of the 4th instant, state, that the Turks are collecting in great force along the river Liko, and have pitched a Camp at Vakup in Bosnia; the Austrian force in the Banat has also received orders to march out, to watch the movements of the Mahometans.
A meeting of the London Corresponding Society for promoting a Parliamentary reform, was appointed for Monday, to be held in Store-Street, Bedford-square, where the strong arm of power prevented their assembling. They adjourned in consequence to the Chalk Farm Gardens, where they met to the number of three thousand. They there read their correspondence from the several parts of the kingdom; and passed a number of strong resolutions. Amongst the latter was one, that another Convention should be formed in six weeks, to consider of the most efficacious means of promoting their avowed object—a reform in the representation of the people in parliament.
By the Union-Capt. Johnson, arrived at Boston from Ireland. Correspondence received to the 17th of May, from which the following late and important intelligence has been extracted.
BRUSSELS, April 25.
They write from Valenciennes of yesterday's date, that since the 18th only, the Austrians have lost 2000 men killed, and as many wounded—the wounded are disposed of in the private houses in Valenciennes and Le Quesnoy; for they arrive hourly in such numbers, as to make it impossible to dispose of them in the hospitals and churches.
The capture of Oneglia (a port town in Italy, situated on the Mediterranean) is of the utmost importance to the French, for situation on the sea-shore it will facilitate the introduction of provisions and other necessaries into France, and will also expose Piedmont to the irruptions of the enemy.
MANHEIM, April 20.
A grand council of war was held yesterday at Heidelberg, the result of which is said to have been, that the Austrians are immediately to recross the Rhine, and commence offensive operations.
We just learn that the French, after driving back the Prussian advanced posts, have taken possession of Lunheim and Franckenthal.
VALENCIENNES, May 2.
The Garrison of Landrecies, to the amount of 7,600 men, passed this morning by the glacis of our city. It is said, that before the siege, the Garrison amounted to 9,000 men. The town was so injured by the fire of the besiegers, that there are scarce twelve houses which have not received some damage.
CAMP, NEAR TOURNAI.
We have hurried hither with extraordinary expedition and excessive fatigue, and inconvenience; but since our arrival at our present encampment, we have been perfectly inactive.
Pichegru is still stationed a short distance from Courtray, which is covered by his camp; his army is very numerous, and flushed with their late successes, are likely to dispute with us the fertile country of which we are now masters.
The loss of the Austrians, in the late affairs, amount to 3,500 killed and taken prisoners, with the loss of 22 pieces of cannon, &c.
The enemy, besides gaining very considerable plunder, have, by their incursions, completely deranged our plan of operations.
Pichegru, from his present position, obliges the Post, &c. from this to Ostend, to go round by Ghent; and so great has been the apprehension of the French advancing to Ghent, that the greatest part of our military stores have been removed from thence to Antwerp.
OSTEND, May 2.
Menin was taken by storm yesterday.
their Colonel, were put to death. The garrison consisted of about three thousand men.
The 8th regiment of the Irish Light Dragoons, who set out yesterday to join the Duke of York's army, returned this morning.
All the transports are preparing to go out by this tide, if possible, as it is strongly suspected that the French intend to pay us a visit.
NATIONAL CONVENTION.
6th Floreal—23th April.
ARMY OF THE ARDENNES.
The success of the army of the Ardennes, is equal to our most sanguine expectations. The dispatches of the 6th Floreal (April 25) state, that the army had been engaged with the enemy for three days successively, and that 1200 Austrians had bitten the dust.
On the 7th of Floreal (April 26) the army rendered itself master of the heights of Bosse, with considerable loss on the part of the enemy.
ARMY OF THE EASTERN PYRENEES.
Equal success attends the army of the Eastern Pyrenees. All Spanish Cerdagne is in the power of the Republic. The brave Dugobert having taken the city of Urgel, retired to d'Puycerda, to wait for reinforcements for the purpose of attacking the citadel, the enemy having cut down the bridge which led into the town—Here, I am sorry to say, that this brave general was killed by a cannon ball.—The National Deputies immediately appointed Dopter in his stead. The process verbal will contain an account of the services which Dugobert has rendered to the Republic.
April 29.
Letter from the Representatives of the People with the Army of the North, to the Committee of Public Safety.
Courtray, April 27.
Yesterday the army put itself in motion in all points. Its first movements were followed by important successes. We took Courtray, and our line advances in front towards the enemy's territory. We have not time to give you the details; tomorrow we hope to announce fresh advantages.—The troops fought with incredible valour.—We took several magazines of provisions, which we have sent to Lisle, and likewise several prisoners with cannon.
(Signed)
RICHARD and CHOUDIEUK.
LONDON, May 5. OFFICIAL LETTERS.
Whitehall, May 2.
Mr. Tims, one of his Majesty's messengers, arrived this morning with a letter from his Royal Highness the Duke of York, to the Right Hon. Henry Dundas, one of his Majesty's principal secretaries of state, dated Cateau, April 30, '94, of which the following is a copy.
SIR,
It is with peculiar satisfaction that I have the pleasure to acquaint you with the surrender of Landrecies.
At ten o'clock this morning the town offered to capitulate, and requested a suspension of arms for forty-eight hours, to arrange the articles; but this was absolutely refused and they were allowed only half an hour to come to a determination, which, upon a second request, was extended to an hour. Before however this time was elapsed, the Deputies of the town came out, and, after a very short conference, agreed to deliver up the place this evening at five o'clock, and that the garrison (about 5000 men) should be prisoners of war.
This fortunate event, which was not expected to happen so soon, makes up for the disagreeable intelligence we received this day of a check which General Clairfayt had at Moucron. This post had been retaken from the enemy by a corps of Hanoverians, under the command of Major-General Oenhausen, the night before; but the enemy having in a manner surrounded it, Gen. Clairfayt, who had joined the Hanoverians with six battalions of Austrians, was at last obliged to retreat, and had taken up a new position, in order to cover the high road from Tournay to Courtray.
In consequence of this intelligence, the Emperor has desired me to march this evening, as quick as possible, to St. Amand, and from thence, if necessary, to Tournay, to the assistance of Gen. Clairfayt.
I am, Sir, &c.
FREDERICK.
Right hon. Henry Dundas, &c. &c.
MAY 9.
Whitehall, May 6.
A letter of which the following is an extract, dated St. Amand, May 2, 1794, was yesterday received from his Royal Highness the Duke of York, by the Right hon. Henry Dundas, his Majesty's principal secretary of state for the home department.
IN consequence of the Emperor's request, which I mentioned in my letter of the 30th, I marched, at 12 o'clock, the night before last, with all the troops under my command, from the camp, near Cateau, and proceeded here, with part of the cavalry, yesterday evening: but from the excessive heat of the day, and a severe storm which lasted the whole night, the infantry was not able to arrive till morning.
I went over, by appointment, to-day to Tournay, to meet Gen. Clairfayt, in order to consult with him upon the necessary operations for compelling the enemy to retire to Flanders, and had, at the same time, an opportunity to enquire more fully into the unfortunate affair of the 29th.
Gen. Clairfayt told me, that the enemy had taken the advantage of his absence at Denain to attack and carry the post of Moucron, and consequently Courtray itself, which was incapable of defence. That, with regard to the affair of the 29th, it had been his intention to attack the enemy, as soon as 6 battalions of Austrian infantry, which had been sent to him from the emperor's army, were arrived; but that the enemy had been before hand with them, and began themselves the attack; that his troops behaved with much courage and resolution, from 8 o'clock in the morning, when the attack began, till 4 o'clock in the afternoon; but that as soon as the order was given to retreat, from the intricacy of the country, they fell into confusion, from which it was impossible to rally them.
"I have not as yet received the returns of the loss upon this occasion; but I fear it is very considerable.
"The brave garrison of Menin, under the command of Maj. Gen. Hammerstein, after sustaining the attack for 4 days, finding no probability of succour, gallantly determined to force their way thro' the enemy, which they effected without any great loss, though continually harassed in their march.
"This garrison consisted of 4 battalions of his majesty's Hanoverian troops, and 4 companies of the loyal emigrants.
"I am sorry that, from some recent changes, in the distribution of the troops of Flanders, I have it not in my power, to name the regiments which have distinguished themselves so much. They retired to Ingelmunster.
"The enemy has not as yet made any attempt to penetrate into the country."
FREDERICK.
SUMMARY.
By the arrival of the vessel from Ireland, important news was received, which, as far as we were able, we have this day communicated. By these accounts, it will appear, that notwithstanding the pompous Letter of the Duke of York, our illustrious allies, and republican brethren, the French, are in almost all quarters victorious in an astonishing degree, driving before them the herds of satellites who are brought like sheep to the slaughter, and are butchered like cattle to please their royal masters!
The French, it seems, have taken Menin and Courtray, two important places in Flanders and the Austrian Netherlands. While the Duke of York has taken the town and garrison of Landrecies, in the French Flanders, as appears by his letters. General Clairfayt has been severely handled by Citizen Pichegru, &c. In a word, the campaign has opened in much blood and carnage, and from all present appearances, it will be carried on in the same manner. How it will terminate, God only knows; but it behoves every honest and republican citizen of America, to pray fervently for the success of their friends the French Jacobins, as on their success evidently depends the salvation and future prosperity of these United States, and indeed of Liberty throughout the world.
UNITED STATES.
AUGUSTA, May 29.
By a letter from a gentleman in Camden county, we learn, that Col. Brown, who was taken prisoner in the fort in this town, during the late war, passed through Florida some days ago, on his way to the Creek nation. The conjectures entertained of his visit to that country, are various; but that which seems to gain the most credit is, that he is in the character of a British agent, to form a plan of instigating the savages to commence hostilities on our defenceless frontier settlements.
Last Monday week, an Indian was killed by a party of white men, as he was passing the Oconee, near the mouth of Richland creek. It appears, after examining him, that he had a halter tied round him, which indicated his errand to Georgia, viz, the old practice of horse stealing.
NEWARK, June 25.
Extract of a letter from Pittsburg, dated the 6th June.
"Last Monday brought orders for suspending the execution of the law for laying out the town at Presque-Isle—every person was amazed at the interference. It seems the possessing of Presque-Isle will excite disgust in our friends the Six Nations, and may extend Indian hostilities; but the contrary is truth. Make an establishment at Presque-Isle, and you have the whole Six Nations as humble as dogs—If Indians have a respect for your power, then they are your greatest friends. Quaker policy with Indians that of treating with them, as if they possessed honor and good faith, and imagine that you can attach them to you by gratitude, is entirely chimerical; fear is the only principle by which you can operate on Indians. The Indians hate the British, but they are their best friends because they are afraid of them; let our establishments be made respectable in their country, they then desert the English, and become our friends. Presque-Isle is the most commanding spot, as it respects the Six Nations and the Indians at war with us to the westward. The possession of that post accomplishes more against the Western Indians, than has been done on the old route for three years past.
"A copy of a speech of Cornplanter to lieutenant Polhemus, at Fort Franklin, will shew clearly the schemes of the English to set the Six Nations on us, and I am confident they will have no effect, unless we are prevented from occupying Presque-Isle, by too much fear of giving offence. The council to

by the General Government, was a curious affair, and always had a mysterious appearance; it was kept to secret that the commanding officer at Fort Franklin, the place to which they were invited, knew nothing of it, but as he was informed by the Indians; people here, are ill natured enough to suppose they are collected on purpose to express their disapprobation of our occupying Presque-Isle."
NEW YORK, June 21.
The public mind has lately been alarmed and irritated by the avowed intention of the British commanders in Canada, to establish posts within the jurisdiction of the United States. Many people have considered these attempts as such acts of aggression, as leave no rational prospect of a continuance of peace. On reviewing all the circumstances of hostility committed by the British, few people doubt that the Court of Great-Britain intended, last autumn, if not to provoke, at least to hazard, a war with this country, in pursuance of her favourite plan of reducing France. This seems to be a prevailing opinion among all parties. The ill success of the allied powers at the close of the last campaign, was probably the cause of any relaxation of orders, on the part of Great-Britain. This relaxation has produced favorable effects; and the latest news from the West-Indies wears a more pacific aspect. It is not impossible the same relaxation of hostile measures may take place in Canada. At any rate, the question of peace or war depends more on the general state of things in Europe, than on any inroads of British troops upon our frontier territories. While therefore the enemies of our peace are not making any great advantages by a delay of hostilities on our part, we have every motive to induce us to postpone a declaration of war. Great-Britain is exhausting her resources in the war against France—We are every day gaining strength in numbers, wealth, discipline, and the means of defence. Delay at present is so obviously the policy of the United States, that it seems difficult to mistake it.
Yet after all the violences committed on our commerce and territory, there is ground to expect a peace. First, from the ill success of the combination against France. The warmest partizans for war in this country are those who are most sanguine as to the ultimate success of the French. The same people admit that if France succeeds, we shall be secure of peace. On their own principles therefore, that France will unquestionably be successful, and her success will insure us peace, it would be the wildest folly imaginable to rush precipitately into a war.
But secondly, since the reduction of the French Islands in the West-Indies, it is more than ever the interest of Great-Britain to be at peace with the United States. Those islands cannot be supplied with provisions and lumber with so much ease and at so low a rate from any quarter of the world, as from the United States. While Great-Britain retains such numerous possessions in the American seas, it is her interest to keep an open communication with this continent.
Thirdly, the opposition to administration, now springing up in every part of Great-Britain, will operate in favor of peace. The government of Great-Britain is advancing rapidly to a rigor of despotism, especially in the restraints laid on writing and speaking, which threatens the downfall of administration; it not the dissolution of the government. The war with France has excited most violent opposition; but a war with America would appear to the nation so unprovoked on our part, so rash and cruel, that such an event would probably bring opposition to a crisis; the storm which has long been gathering and rumbling at a distance, would probably thicken, and burst with sudden vengeance on the heads of ministers; and a ferment in England will prostrate the present constitution.
We therefore have every reason to be cool and temperate in our proceedings—we have every motive for restraining our passions and waiting for government to decide on the great question of peace or war. National honor consists in national justice, public safety, and individual happiness; not in hasty vengeance.
Whatever be the fact, respecting the report of an action between the Americans and British, in Vermont, such an event may be expected, unless vigorous measures are pursued to restrain the just resentment of our countrymen. It is hoped that hostilities will be suspended, until government shall authorise them, but the indignation of Americans though it may be smothered, will not subside till the acts of aggression on the part of the British troops, shall be repressed.
The ground of dispute between the Vermonters and the English we understand to be this: Before the independence of the United States, sundry grants of land had been made, by the crown of Great-Britain, near the Canada line, to such persons as would settle on the land granted. Some settlements have been made under these grants: After the declaration of independence and after Vermont had erected itself into a sovereign state, the legislators made several new grants of the same lands to other persons. By the treaty of 1783, these lands fell within the jurisdiction of the United States. This is an agreed point; but the British government insists on the right of protecting the royalists or settlers under the royal grants. For this purpose they have stationed small garrisons within the United States. The Vermonters claim both the soil and jurisdiction. Both parties seems to be wrong, the British for claiming the jurisdiction—the Vermonters, for claiming the soil. So stands the dispute; but we
live of resorting to arms.
JUNE 24. Capt. Thomas of the ship Jay, informs us, that the day previous to his departure from Cork, an account arrived there of a severe action having been fought in the English channel, between four British and three French frigates; that two of the English engaged two of the French, and the other two engaged the largest French frigate of 44 guns; that the action commenced at 8 o'clock in the morning, and continued until 4 in the afternoon, when the Frenchmen struck their colours.
We understand there were 4 English and 4 French, but one of the French ran away before the action commenced, and the other English frigate, said to be the La Nymph, could not come up. The French 44 gun ship, had all her masts shot away, and 80 men laying dead on her decks, when she struck to the two frigates.
JUNE 25. Of what could be collected from the late Cork passengers, a correspondent has communicated for our Register, the following
HUMMING EXTRAORDINARIES:—
That the Duke of York has, in conjunction with the Emperor and Prince Saxe Cobourg, attacked 2 foraging parties of the Saxe Cullettes; the combined powers advanced in 8 columns, the attack was irresistible; they furiously drove 2 waggons of the enemy down a steep hill, broke 2 of the spokes and deranged 4 of the wheel fellows so that the driver was incapable of making his escape. Much praise is due to Lieut. Hastings of the British Royalists, for his intrepid conduct on this occasion, who like a hero pursued the driver; he received however a small wound in the left eye by a crack of the waggoner's whip, but hopes are entertained of his recovery; if he should lose his eye, no doubt government will bestow a pension out of the inexhaustible treasury of the British nation. Nor can admiral McBride be too much commended for his timely assistance, who in the moment of danger, hove in sight with his horse marines, and performed wonders.
PHILADELPHIA, June 24.
It is reported that a Pilot who came up this morning, says, that there are 12 French ships of the line, with 50 transports with soldiers on board, off our coast; and that the Admiral's ship mounts 120 guns.
It is reported that the French frigate, the Concorde, the Corvette and the Lascelas, have sailed from the Cape for New-York.
JUNE 25.
Extract of a letter from Fort Dauphin, dated May 22.
The Spaniards have been driven from all the out posts of Cape Francois; those particularly mentioned are, Carracol, Lacul, Autrou, with the acknowledged loss of 12 grenadiers killed and 20 wounded. Their lots of infantry, cavalry and negroes, they keep concealed. The mulattoes and negroes of the Cape took large quantities of provisions and ammunition, and the Spaniards have given up the expedition, having 13 or 1400 sick, occasioned by excessive fatigue.
The actions were on the 9th and 10th of May."
A gentleman, arrived from Canada, which he left about the 20th of May, informs, that the minds of the people there are far from tranquil. Government ordered a draft from the militia of ten men per company, under the specious pretext of putting the country into a better state of defence, but the people refused to comply. The number was lowered to three; to this requisition the people objected, and the order remains unexecuted, and an evidence of the tyrannical disposition of the government, and of the spirit of the people.
A report has, for these three or four days past prevailed, of a French fleet being on the coast, laid to consist of 4 ships of the line, and 6 frigates, but no confirmation or contradiction of the report has yet been received. The names of the vessels composing that squadron have even been mentioned, but the whole yet requires corroboration. It has been also affirmed, that there are 9 British frigates on our coast; but two only, the Alarm and Quebec, have positively been heard of. These are not sufficient to endanger the convoy now in the bay of Delaware, about to sail to France, which will consist of about 50 vessels of different tonnage, loaded with provisions, as they will be protected by the Concorde, a 44 gun frigate, carrying eighteens and well manned—the Lascelas, a sloop of war of eighteen guns; the Perdrix, a sloop of the same force, and the Promte a tender.
JUNE 28.
By accounts just received from Europe, it appears that the campaign between the French and combined armies had commenced with that carnage which has hitherto distinguished the operations of the present war. The success announced in the Duke of York's letter of the 18th April, on the part of the allies, and which was of very trifling importance in itself considered, has been followed by a train of events different from those anticipated in that letter; the allies are evidently out-generalled; having drawn their forces together, they have consequently weakened their fortified posts—the French taking advantage of this circumstance, have assailed and carried them by a coup de main : nor is this all—from the duke of York's last letter, it is evident that Gen. Clairfayt's division has met with a total defeat. Should the French in pursuing this blow, attempt to turn the flank of the allied army, we may expect to hear of their retreat; this will probably be followed by the evacuation of Landrecis, and Anlon which they have lately taken.
Last evening an express arrived in town from the head-quarters of the Western army. We understand that the following was the only material oc-
der Major-General Wayne:
On the 13th of May last, the advanced guard of an escort of seventy infantry, and eighteen dragoons, under the command of Lieutenant Clark, having in their charge 700 horses belonging to the contractors, and the quarter master general's department, were suddenly attacked by a party of Indians, who killed the corporal and five of the men, by the first fire.
The dragoons who were in the rear of the advance party, headed by Lieut. Lee of the infantry, charged the Indians and put them to flight before they could come up, killed one Indian, took six rifles, some blankets and provisions.
The army were to be reinforced by mounted volunteers from Kentucky, and would probably soon move forward into the Indian country in considerable force.
Extract of a letter from Capt. Slough, at Fort Hamilton, to his friend in this city, dated May 23.
"I wrote you yesterday, informing you of my being at this post with a command of 120 infantry and 30 dragoons—of my intention to set out on my return to Greenville with 700 pack-horses, loaded with flour, early this morning; since when, Capt. Lewis arrived from head-quarters, with intelligence of Governor Simcoe's being at Routh de Boe, or the falls of the Miami of the Lake, with three British regiments. What effect this may have on the movements of the Legion I cannot tell, but am inclined to believe it will be obliged to retrograde very soon. I am very certain I shall be attacked on my way out, as the Indians are very thick round us, and my spies have discovered a very large trail between this and Fort St. Clair; the only thing that can prevent it is Col. Strong's being now on his way out from Fort Washington with a number of waggons and pack horses, and as the supplies under his convoy are of more consequence to the enemy than those which I take; it is possible I may go clear—however, be it as it may, I am content—if I am unfortunate I will be brave, and meet my fate like a soldier."
BALTIMORE, July 1.
Mr. M'Fadon arrived here last evening from Bermuda, and brings accounts, that a vessel had arrived at Bermuda, from Antigua, before his sailing, which informs, that a French fleet of 7 ships of the line, and several frigates, with 2000 land troops on board, had landed at St. Anns (Guadaloupe) the 2d June.
MARTINSBURG, JULY 7, 1794.
Monday last Piemingo, or the Mountain Leader, with 16 other Chiefs of the Chickalaw nation of Indians, accompanied by an agent and interpreter, arrived here, being on their way to Philadelphia. Notice being forwarded the evening preceding their arrival, a number of gentlemen, on horse-back, attended by a detachment from Capt. Boyd's light infantry company, under Ensign Beall, left town early in the morning, and having met them about two miles from hence, escorted them to town, paying every brotherly respect and attention due to that friendship which has long subsisted between them and the United States. Being desirous of reaching Philadelphia by Friday last, agreeable to appointment, they made no stay in town, but immediately left it, pursuing their journey.
Friday last being the anniversary of American Independence, about 11 o'clock Capt. Boyd's company of light infantry appeared on parade, completely uniform'd and equip'd. After going through the exercise, firings, and performing a number of evolutions, with that regularity and good order which would have done credit to old soldiers, they retired to the spring, attended by a number of private gentlemen of the town, where they partook of a cold collation, prepared for the purpose;—after enjoying themselves an hour or two in the greatest conviviality, mirth and good friendship, they retired, blessing the day which gave peace, liberty and safety to America.
The Indian allies of our good friends the British, appear once more let loose on our defenceless frontiers, the late talk of Col. Simcoe, notwithstanding. This second talk is probably intended merely as an opiate to our just resentment, and is probably fabricated merely for the purpose of putting us off our guard, and to do away the impressions of Dorchester's talk, which was delivered in good earnest, and of which we were not to hear a word. How long yet will Americans suffer themselves to be fascinated by mere words, while blows, and severe ones too, are dealt about their devoted heads.
Further extracts from the Irish papers received by the ship Union, Capt. Johnson, and which are equally propitious to the cause of liberty and mankind with those copied in this day's paper, will appear in our next.
GEORGE GALE,
RETURNS his grateful acknowledgments to his friends and the public, for the encouragement he has met with since his commencement at BATH—he still keeps at the same house he formerly occupied, and which is distinguished by Private Entertainment .
He takes the liberty respectfully to inform his customers, that he shall keep a constant supply of every necessity of the first quality; is furnished with an excellent cook, good hosier, &c. His attention shall be minute and pointed, and every exertion in his power shall be made to please them, and to merit the countenance and patronage of the public.
Warm-Springs, July 4, 1794.
FOUND, a few days since, a GOLD LOCKET. The owner may have it again by applying to the Printer,

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
NEW SONG.
Sung by MR. BAKER, with great applause, in the Theatre, Boston. Tune, "YANKEE DOODLE."
WHEN Yankee Doodle was a boy, He grew so big and bouncing; King GEORGE took him on his knee, To give the lad a trouncing. Yankee Doodle, &c.
But Yankee Doodle dolt'd his hat, And clench'd his fist so bravely; Gadzooks! so deep he chop'd his muns, JOHN BULL roar'd out pecuni. Yankee Doodle, &c.
Then Yankee Doodle, fly young rogue, Sent o'er across the sea, Sir, That noted rake, the "vigils of man," To cuckold ROYALTY, Sir. Yankee Doodle, &c.
And now, may Yankee Doodle laugh Old England into scorn, Sir, To see JOHN BULL, turn bull indeed, And wear a pair of horns, Sir. Yankee Doodle, &c.
Huzza! for pilot WASHINGTON, The Federal ship and cargo, May the by Pirates ne'er be robb'd Nor stop't by an Embargo! Yankee Doodle, &c.
La! you, who look so nation soine, Pray be a little handy, And I'll by pork and lasses swear, That Boston is the dandy. Boston is the dandy, &c.
A N E C D O T E.
LAST Summer Secretary Dundas took a journey to his native country in a coach and four, accompanied by a train of attendants—as he entered Glasgow, he saw the city was illuminated: being complimented on his arrival by the Provost, he told him he was sorry that the citizens had put themselves to the expense of illuminating their houses on his arrival—"You need not be uneasy," said the Provost, "the illumination is not for you, but on account of the defeat of the Duke of Brunswick."
LANDS FOR LANDS.
TO be disposed of, Four Hundred Acres of Land (called Mahon's) lying on Buffaloe-creek, Monongalia County, upon which there are upwards of 40 acres of the best meadow, a good mill seat and spring, and the land equal to any on the Western waters.
Three hundred and eighty-four acres adjoining, below, on same creek, a large proportion of meadow, and a good spring, the upland equal, which is held by settlement right, and a general warrantee will be given.
One thousand acres on the Dunkard-mill run, a branch of said creek, held by pre-emption-right, of equal quality to the above, and the same warrantee will be given, all lying from 14 to 25 miles of Morgan-Town, and from 3 to 11 miles from Monongalia river—the State road from Morgan-Town to the little Kenhawa passes near or through the said land.
One thousand acres on Bingerma's creek, held by pre-emption right, a great proportion of meadow, and well watered, which lies in the same county, the upland of good quality, about 10 miles farther from Morgan-Town.
One thousand acres on the little Kenhawa, about 14 miles from the mouth of said river, held by an old location on treasury warrant, the land also very rich.
Any property in the Counties of Berkeley or Frederick, negroes, good bonds, or any claims against me, will be taken in payment.
DAVID GRAY.
BERKELEY, June 16, 1794.
I TAKE this method of informing the public, without respect to persons, and do forewarn all persons on their peril, from pulling down my fence, and going through any part of my place, with carriage or single horse, or on foot, that I must pay rent for to my brother, Cornelius Thompson, and am now under a distress by brother for it, and do not know how to pay it.
WILLIAM THOMPSON.
SOME injuries are of such a nature as to be neither easily forgot or forgiven. An appeal to the public can only be justified by two things—these are, either first a desire to wipe off any unfavourable impression on a person's own character, or second, to expose the wickedness and depravity of persons with whom in the business we are more immediately concerned. The first of these considerations will scarcely, if ever, induce the vicious man to appear before the public. Secure in the approbation of his own heart, he disregards the noise of clamour, and the strife of tongues; and although in his actions he pays a proper regard to the opinions which the world may form of them, yet it is not on every slight occasion he will be drawn forth to justify them. On the other hand, to expose the wickedness of the vicious designing man, is a duty which he considers incumbent on him. When he is defrauded himself, he wishes to put his neighbours on their guard, and it is from these reasons I am led to notify the public, to caution the farmer, that should they at any time discover a certain Jacob Painter, or Panther, lurking in their fields among their cattle, they may certainly conclude that some of them will as certainly be wrested from them.
Having said thus much, I shall proceed to give a faithful detail of the conduct of this Panther towards me, and perhaps when I have done, it will appear that he is an animal formed with all that savage voraciousness of disposition which his name denotes him to be.
Some time in the last fall, I discovered him among my cattle, enquiring after a heifer which he told me had strayed away from him. One of mine he pitch'd upon as like his, and demanded her of me. His demand I spurned, conscious that without substantiating witness, he could have no feasible right to her. I could hardly conceive he himself was so abandoned, or that he could find persons so lost to a sense of moral action, as to solemnly testify, that a heifer but three years old (of which fact she is her own positive evidence to those who are judges) raised by my own people, was actually the property of Panther, and was four years old—yet this Jacob Panther did, not only depriving me of my property, but throwing me into a large sum of cost and expences.
In disputes concerning the right of property, I conceive that right must always be presumed to rest in the person who is in actual possession of it, until the contrary is fully proved. Hence, where the evidence exactly preponderates, the possessor retains the property as his right. To take it from him with any colour of justice, there must be such an over-bearing weight in the evidence, as will counter-balance the presumption. But in the present case there was no such thing; for was it not much more reasonable to suppose that persons who lived about my house, who had the property in dispute constantly before their eyes, should be infinitely more certain as to the identity of it, than those who were brought forward by Panther, who could not have seen it so constantly, and who after all, could only testify, that they thought it was like his? But what was Panther's motive to impose on his credulous witnesses, and endeavour to cheat me?—Why, it was to satisfy his avaricious devouring disposition. For this he sacrificed his conscience and theirs. The Panther, like the Tyger (of whose family he is) delights in rending the prey, and glutting himself with the spoil.
Upon the whole, I think I have reason to say as a gentleman did, who was present at the trial—"that in a certain court, it has now become extremely hard and difficult to obtain justice for— ALEXANDER RODGERS."
JUNE 26, 1794.
THE Subscriber returns his thanks to the Public, for exceeding his most sanguine expectations in sending cloth to be fulled, since his late commencement of business at EDWARD BERSON's fulling-mill: He also hopes that those pieces already returned have rendered general satisfaction. He also will have against the approaching season a quantity of dyes for to accommodate his customers in almost every colour.
I am, with due respect, the Public's friend.
WILLIAM BAILEY.
N. B. An active boy, about 15 years old, would be taken as an apprentice to the above business.
RICHARD RANSONE, INFORMS the Public in general, that he has opened a PUBLIC HOUSE in MARTINSBURG, at that eligible stand formerly occupied by Mr. James Graham, and opposite the Harp & Crown. The conveniences of the house, stable, &c. together with his determination of keeping a constant supply of the best liquors, provisions, &c. and every requisite both for the traveller and citizen, he hopes to obtain a share of public patronage.
June 16, 1794.
WAS found, some time since, in this town, a man's double skirted saddle; the owner may have it again by applying to the Printer, and paying charges.
Martinsburg, June 16, 1794.
FLO. MAHONY,
Returns his grateful acknowledgments to the Ladies and Gentlemen who did him the honor to favor him with their custom last season, on their way to and from BATH. He takes this method to inform them, and the Public in general, that he is much better prepared this season, having provided sufficient bedding, five good lodging rooms in addition to the former, an excellent stock of liquors, neat wines of the purest quality, &c. He has procured a large yard room, and stable for an hundred horses, also shades for carriages, &c. all under an inclosure. He hopes to meet with their further encouragement; and is with gratitude, the Public's humble servant,
FLORENCE MAHONY.
Martinsburg, Berkeley County, VIRGINIA, June 9, '94.
COPPER and TIN WARE.
The Subscribers in the most respectful manner, inform the Public in general, and the Inhabitants of Martinsburg and Fort-Cumberland and their vicinities, in particular, that they have commenced business in the Copper and Tin line in said towns; where they may be furnished, on the shortest notice and most reasonable terms, with Copper and Tin Ware, of every description; and hopes, from the goodness of their work, and moderation of their prices, to merit the patronage of a generous public.
Having just received a large quantity of Copper, they are enabled to comply with the commands of those who may wish to employ them; and are their devoted humble servants,
CHRISTOPHER & JOHN BRIDENHART.
N. B. The highest price will be allowed, in cash, or new work given in exchange, for old copper, brass, pewter or lead.
June 12, 1794.
A MAN'S SADDLE WAS
LOST, about two weeks ago, between Mr. G. L. from Key's, at Hall's mill, and the Lick. Whoever has found the same and will return it to me, shall have two dollars reward.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN.
June 14, 1794.
THE Subscriber informs the Public, that he has commenced the HATTING BUSINESS, in its various branches, in President Street, and opposite to Major Stephen's, where he flatters himself, that by the close attention to business, and quality of his work, to render satisfaction to all who please to favour him with their custom.
JOHN STEWART.
Martinsburg, June 16, '94.
N. B. Store-keepers, or others, who purchase by the quantity, will have a reasonable credit, and a generous abatement.
New York, May 17, 1794.
PROPOSALS
For Printing by Subscription, MISCELLANEOUS WORKS, PROSE AND POETICAL.
By a young Gentleman of this City.
CONDITIONS.
 I. THIS Work will be contained in a neat Duodecimo Volume, of about 300 Pages, printed on good Paper, with an elegant Type, and beautifully bound and lettered.  II. The Price, to Subscribers, will be so moderate as Three Quarters of a Dollar, but will be raised to non-Subscribers to One Dollar.  III. Those who procure Ten Subscribers, and become accountable for them, shall be entitled to the eleventh gratis—the usual allowance to Booksellers.  IV. The Work will be put to Press as soon as 300 Subscribers appear to patronize it. 
Subscriptions received at this Office.
FOR SALE,
A genteel SULKEY, with Harness.
WANTED, on hire,
A BOY, white or black, to wait on table in a public house.
Application to be made to the Printer.
June 16, 1794.
A Young lad, tolerably well educated, would be taken as an Apprentice, by the Printer hereof.
June 16, 1794.