The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1794-01-20 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, JANUARY 20, 1794.
[NUMBER 166—VOL 4.
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
NOTICE.
ALL Persons having accounts unsettled with us (as Millers) are requested to call and have the same adjusted and finally closed, as we wish to have our mill business settled before the first of March next, we having sold our lease of Shively's mills, and Mr. Thomson, our miller, being about to remove out of the state. We wish to have the business closed before that time, and desire every person who may have flour in the mills to call for it, or we will not consider ourselves liable for it, though they neglect this notice. The public will please to accept our thanks for the encouragement we received during the time we have carried on the milling business.
J. & J. RIDDLE.
Martinsburg, January 13, 1794.
CAME to the subscriber's plantation, some time in the beginning of last summer, a white steer, with brown ears, the mark not remembered, two years old next spring. The owner is desired to prove his property, pay charges, and take him away.
GEORGE REYNOLDS.
Jan. 11, 1794.
TO BE SOLD,
Between 50 and 60 acres of LAND, lying about one mile from Back-Creek, on the Warm Spring road; there are about twenty acres cleared, some meadow, a small house, and is a suitable stand for a tradesman. For terms, apply to
JOHN FRONK.
Martinsburg, Jan. 13, 1794.
WANTED,
A small Plantation, within a few miles of Martinsburg for which real property in said town will in part be given. Apply to the Printer.
FOR SALE,
A serviceable young Mare, a young Cow and Calf, and a Cow forward with Calf. Apply at the Printing-Office.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY,
A YOUNG MAN, well acquainted with the Distilling Business, and who can give an indispensible recommendation.
December 23d, 1793. Inquire of the Printer.
TO BE SOLD,
On reasonable terms,
100 Acres of good Land, on Back-Creek, adjoining Isaac Clawson's, 4 acres of which are cleared, the land well water'd and timber'd; good meadow may be made. For terms of sale, apply to,
JAMES QUICK.
December 2d, 1793.
TO BE SOLD,
ON THE PREMISES,
AT PUBLIC AUCTION—For ready money,
On FRIDAY the 31st of January, instant,
By Virtue of a Decree of the High Court of Chancery, obtained by the late Humphrey Keyes against Richard Boucher, on the 10th day of March, 1791,
Two hundred and fifty acres of Land, in the County of Berkeley, on Evatt's run, near Charlesown, whereon the said Richard Boucher now lives. This Land has the advantage of a fine stream of water running through it, affords a competent proportion of meadow, is well timbered, and a rich strong soil.
ABRAHAM SHEPHERD,
WILLIAM DARKE,
THOMAS RUTHERFORD,
} Commissioners.
January 4, 1794.
TO BE SOLD,
A fresh Milch Cow, with a young Calf. Apply to
GEORGE LEWIS COFFENBURG.
Jan. 13, 1794.
CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
December 31.
MR. Fitzsimons brought in a petition from certain gentlemen employed in public offices by government, stating the rise of house rent and every article of subsistence, and therefore requesting such augmentation of their salaries, as to congress should seem proper.
Moved and seconded, that the house should proceed to the consideration of the report of the committee on the petition of A. G. Francis. Mr. Fitzsimons was of opinion, that business of greater importance pressed on the attention of congress at this time; and ought to be preferably discussed.
A message was delivered from the senate, with a bill for an alteration in the flag of the United States, to commence on the 1st of May, 1795. The bill was once read. It was moved and seconded, that it should be immediately read a second time: and the house then agreed that it should be referred to a select committee of the whole house on Monday next.
The petition of Daniel Burn was next read; and it was moved and seconded that it should be referred to a select committee.—Ordered to lie on the table.
At twelve the house proceeded to the reading of the Algerine correspondence, and the galleries were cleared.
January 1.
A message from the President of the United States, by his secretary, was delivered, communicating a letter from the secretary of State, with an account of the receipts and disbursements of his department, particularly in regard to the diplomatic appointments, commencing the 1st July, 1792, and brought up to the present time. By these it appears, that the amount of warrants, &c. received and to be accounted for during the said term, is about 183,000 dollars.
And on the contra side, the account of the credits for monies paid to David Humphreys, Governor Morris, — Pinckney, also to J. Cutting, with some other items of remittances made in bills of exchange, making together, dollars 128,233 and thirty three hundredths, leaving a balance of about 4783 in the hands of the secretary, for which he makes himself debtor.
January 6.
Upon reading, in committee of the whole house, the bill for augmenting the pay of the soldiers from three to four dollars per month, Mr. Irvine proposed an addition of a fifth dollar, it seemed to meet the unanimous sense of the members; but Mr. Clark thought this last augmentation too great. They might at this way of proceeding, raise the pay in time to ten dollars a month.
Mr. Scott was of opinion, that there was too little proportion between the wages of ordinary labour and that of military service. He could not hire a workman, who was to sleep at peace in his bed, and to dine at a good table, for the pay that was given to a soldier for enduring the hardships of his dangerous profession. An augmentation of their pay would flatter the troops. It would put them in good humour; and therefore he hoped that the five dollars would be carried through the house.
Mr. Smilie said, that the expence of living had been considerably raised in every part of the United States. The pay of the soldiers ought, in common justice, to be advanced in an equal degree with that of the other persons employed in the service of the state. Congress had lately received a petition of that sort; some gentlemen employed in the public offices of the army had been talking of a similar necessity of an advance in their pay. The United States ought to pay well, that they might obtain good men. Many recruits had, upon late occasions, enlisted, and several of them in Philadelphia, who never should have been admitted into the military establishment of any nation whatever.
Mr. Wadsworth did not see any reason for the additional dollar per month. If he had thought it wanted, he should have been very ready to mention it. He said, that in the states north of Pennsylvania, the wages of a common labourer were not, upon the whole, superior to those of a common soldier. It had been alleged, that by augmenting the pay of the troops, we should get better men. This was a doctrine which he, for one, did not understand. The present western army were as good troops as ever went into the field, and much better than the late continental army. Men, he said, of a sober character, did not and would not enlist. Recruits might have very good morals, and it was certain that many honest men did not love labour. Curiosity, levity, the heat of youth, and other very excusable motives, sent people to the army; but it never was nor never will be, the place where a thoughtful industrious private man would be ambi-
tious to exert his talents. For this reason he was convinced, that to enlarge the pay would answer no good purpose. As to the militia, who were, many of them, substantial people, it was in vain to imagine that they would fulfil the end of an army in the Indian war. They had been tried, and the experiment had failed. He again adverted to the impossibility of supplying the ranks with recruits above the most ordinary classes of life. He never had seen an army such as it was believed, that the additional dollar would assemble; and he despaired ever to see such an army. There was, however, an act of bounty, which might be of infinite service to the troops, and which he should at a future day take an opportunity of moving. He referred, he said, to a provision for the widows and children of such soldiers as should happen to lose their lives in the service.
Mr. Boudinot said, that he should be very sorry to recommend the augmentation, if he thought that this would induce farmers and sober industrious people, to quit their families and professions in exchange for a military life. This he thought would indeed be a very alarming consequence, and did he apprehend it, he should undoubtedly oppose the intended increase. He had, he said, no apprehensions of that kind. America would be in a very bad situation indeed, if such a trifle as twelve dollars a year could bribe a farmer or manufacturer to enlist. He should look very strange at any of his neighbours, who should tell him that they had embraced such an offer. Instead of augmenting the pay, perhaps it was better to add something to the rations; those for example of salt and flour. He thought it safest to agree to the four dollars, because if they voted for five, the bill would run the fairest chance to be thrown out of the other house; and thus by grasping too much, the movers of the amendment would lose the bill altogether. Originally, troops had been raised for less than two dollars per month.
The pay had since been augmented to three, and now on the way of being raised to four. He wished to make the advance gradual. If we looked at the situation of other countries, and contemplated the state of their finances, we should be convinced that America paid her troops as well in proportion to her ability, as any other people in the world paid their's, and her soldiers had no right to complain.
Mr. Montgomery spoke a few words in favour of an advance to five dollars.
Mr. Scott said, that Pennsylvania had some time ago, raised a few companies of soldiers, for the frontier service, and given them two pounds ten shillings currency per month, which was equal to six dollars and two thirds. In consequence of this, the companies had been filled with some of the most respectable kind of people in the country. They were quite of a different class from the recruits raised for the western army. He wished to try the five dollars. This superior pay was reported to have hurt the continental recruiting service. He thought it very possible that such had been the case; If government give the proposed five dollars, the continental army might perhaps, get all the levies, which it wanted from these very companies.
Mr. Wadsworth rose a second time—he said that the army in getting four dollars got a plenty, and he despaired of seeing five dollars pass through this house, but were they to vote twenty dollars, they never would be able to enlist that class of men whom it was expected five dollars would collect. A preceding member had mentioned as a proof of the possibility of enlisting the sons of farmers, the instance of a party in one of the New-England states, who had formed themselves into a military body, and had gone backwards in quest of a settlement, but were cut to pieces by the Indians. He knew this, and he had likewise heard of others who had since gone from the same quarter, and upon the same errand. He had enquired about their characters, and had found, just as he had expected, that they were very honest, good sort of people, but somewhat of a rambling disposition, and not remarkably industrious. As to the notion of enlisting men, and attaching them to their country by five dollars a month, it would not do—The old continental army were very good soldiers, but certainly some of them did not fight for the sake of their country, since they deserted by scores. They were, however, brought back, and fought very well. Their reasons for deserting, he did not pretend to know—but this he knew, that they were very idle and very worthless fellows, which did not hinder them from doing their duty. Mr. Wadsworth added, that it was quite a mistake to propose giving five dollars a month, for fear that we should not be able to get recruits. In a very short time, our communication by sea would be cut off. We would likewise be prevented from emigrations into the back country. Recruits would then be had in their greatest abundance, for four dollars per month, as immense numbers of people would then be thrown out of employment and insist for want of it.

Mr. Clarke then moved as an amendment of the bill, that there should be an addition of four ounces of bread or flour, and four ounces of meat to each ration.
Colonel Hartley, was for augmenting the rations. He knew that they were too small. In cultivated countries they might do, but not in the back woods, where vegetables were not to be had.
Mr. Wadsworth was convinced that the rations were a plenty, unless on a march, he spoke he said from abundant experience.
Mr. Giles had been frequently informed by officers in the army, that the rations were all defective. In the back woods the soldiers had been often reduced to such distress for want of vegetables, as to go in search of acorns, to supply their place.
Mr. Fitzsimons said that he had been informed that the principal objection to the rations, was the inferior quality of the meat, and that this arose from the leanness of the cattle, as being exhausted by driving. Instead therefore of a regular increase, it might perhaps be better to provide by a regulation, for accidental contingencies.
Mr. Murray moved, and his motion was seconded, to amend the amendment by striking out the words, and four ounces of meat.
Mr. Hillhouse said, that an aid-de-camp who was his relation, and now serving in the army, had wrote him, that they were just now well fed, well clothed, in good health, and as good spirits as an army has ever enjoyed. The reason of the common ration of provisions failing in a march, was owing to the waste in cooking. The amendment of Mr. Clarke, and the additional amendment of Mr. Murray, were both withdrawn.
January 7.
Sundry petitions were presented and referred.
The petition for an increase of salary to persons employed in the public offices, was moved to be referred to a committee. This motion was negatived.
The motion laid on the table yesterday, by Mr. Parker, respecting the defence of our ports, and the increase of our military stores, was taken up. After some consideration, the first part of the motion was referred to the committee on the Algerine business, and the latter part withdrawn.
A message was received from the President, suggesting the propriety of creating an office of superintendent of supplies under the war department. He also transmitted an account of contingent expenses out of the sum of 10,000 dollars appropriated.
After some time spent in a committee of the whole on this bill, it was reported, and ordered by the house for a third reading to-morrow.
On motion, the resolutions adopted by the house on Thursday last with closed galleries, after some debate were ordered to be published, and a committee was appointed to report such parts of the communications of the President, on which those resolutions are founded, as require secrecy, with a view that the residue be published. — Adjourned.
[The resolutions above mentioned, are as follows.] House of Representatives of the United States.
January 2.
The house proceeded to consider the resolutions reported yesterday from the committee of the whole house on the confidential communications from the President respecting the measures which have been pursued for obtaining a recognition of the treaty between the United States and Morocco, and for the ransom of prisoners, and establishment of peace with the Algerines: whereupon,
The first and second of the said resolutions being severally twice read at the clerk's table, were, on the question put thereupon, agreed to by the house as follows:
Resolved , That a sum not exceeding dollars be appropriated, in addition to the provision heretofore made, to defray any expence which may be incurred in relation to the intercourse between the United States and foreign nations.
Resolved , That a naval force adequate to the protection of the commerce of the United States against the Algerine corsairs, ought to be provided.
The third resolution being read in the words following:
Resolved , That a committee be appointed to report to this house the naval force necessary for the purposes aforesaid together with an estimate of the expence."
A motion was made and seconded, to amend the same, by adding to the end thereof the words, "and the ways and means for defraying the same."
And the question being put thereupon,
It was resolved in the affirmative — Yeas 46 — Nays 14.
The yeas and nays being demanded by one fifth of the members present,
Those who voted in the affirmative are,
Theodoros Bailey, Abraham Baldwin, John Beatty, Thomas Blount, Thomas P. Carnes, Gabriel Christie, Abraham Clarke, Isaac Coles, Wm. J. Dawson, Henry Dearborne, George Dent, William Endley, William B. Giles, Christopher Greenup, Andrew Gregg, William Barry Grove, Carter B. Harriston, John Heath, Daniel Heister, William Irvine, Richard Bland Lee, Matthew Locke, Nathaniel Macon, James Madison, J. McDowell, Alexander Mebane, W. Montgomery, Andrew Moore, Joseph Neville, Anthony New, John Nicholas, Alexander D. Orr, Joseph Parker, Andrew Pickens, Francis Preston, Robert Rutherford, John S. Shearborne, John Smilie, Isaac Smith, Thomas Fredwell, Philip Van Courtlandt, Abraham Venable, Francis Walker, Benjamin Williams, Paine Wingate, and Richard Winn.
Fisher Ames, James Armstrong, Elias Boudinot, Shearjashub Bourne, Benjamin Bourne, Lambert Cadwallader, David Cobb, Peleg Coffin, Joshua Coit, Johnathan Dayton, Samuel Dexter, Thomas Fitzsimons, Uriah Forrest, Dwight Foster, Ezekiel Gilbert, Nicholas Gilman, Henry Glen, Benjamin Goodhue, Samuel Griffin, Thomas Hartley, James Hillhouse, Samuel Holton, John Wilkes Kittera, Amasa Learned, William Lyman, Francis Malbone, Peter Muhlenberg, William Vans Murray, Nathaniel Niles, Thomas Scott, Jeremiah Smith, William Smith, Thomas Sprigg, Zephaniah Swift, Silas Talbot, George Thatcher, Uriah Tracey, Jonathan Trumbull, John E. Van Allen, Peter Van Gaasbeck, Peleg Wadsworth, Jeremiah Wadsworth, Artemas Ward and John Watts.
And then the main question being put, that the house do agree to the said resolution amended to read as followeth:
Resolved , That a committee be appointed, to report to this house the naval force necessary for the purposes aforesaid, together with an estimate of the expence and the ways and means for defraying the same.
It was resolved in the affirmative.
Ordered , That Mr. Fitzsimons, Mr. Goodhue, Mr. Jeremiah Wadsworth, Mr. Forrest, Mr. Malbone, Mr. Boudinot, Mr. Parker, Mr. Macon, and Mr. Winn, be appointed a committee pursuant to the last resolution.
Extract from the journals, JOHN BECKLEY, Clerk.
Instructions from the Constituted Authorities of France, to Citizen Genet Minister from that Republic—copied from authentic documents.
Philadelphia, 20th December, 1793.
Second Year of the French Republic, One and Indivisible.
Copy of a letter from the Minister of the Marine to citizen Genet, Minister of the French Republic to the United States.
February 8, 1793.
You will find enclosed, Citizen, three hundred letters of marque, which you will distribute to the Americans who may sit out and try their chance against the English, Dutch, Russians, Prussians, and Austrians.
The means taken in France to register them in the office of Classes, will be supplied by that of registering them in the Chancery office of the Consulates of France, situate in the ports where the armed vessels may be fitted out, or in the nearest ports to them. You will take care to number and sign these, to keep an exact register, and give me an account of the disposal of them by every vessel bound from the ports of the United States to those of the Republic.
I add to this enclosure, twenty copies of each of the laws of the 31st of January and 2d of February last.
The laws relative to the encouragements granted to prizes and to their distribution, will be soon passed for France. I shall transmit them to you as soon as I receive them.
Foreign built vessels, the entry of which had been prohibited in 1791, may for the present be armed in France and partake of all the advantages granted to those built in the docks of the Republic.
This regulation is of too much moment not to hasten you in communicating it to all those, who know the law of the 13th May, 1791, may think themselves deprived of the power of introducing their vessels into France.
You will doubtless think it right to regulate your measures and your conduct by the prudence and discretion which your character requires in the existing circumstances, to contribute as much as in your power to the good of the Republic, the success of its armaments, and the destruction of its enemies' commerce.
(Signed) MONGE.
Copy of a second letter from the Minister of the Navy to citizen Genet, Ambassador of the French Republic to the United States of America.
Paris, May 28, 1793. 2d year of the Republic.
You will find hereunto annexed, Citizen, commissions for the conductors of prizes, which you will continue to distribute to the captains, with the letters of marque according to the numbers of captures they shall think they may be able to make at sea; you will inscribe them under the same number as the letters of marque.
The citizens forming the Provisional Executive Council of the French republic, will mark the same number on each of the commissions delivered to each captain; it has been thought necessary to adopt this uniform method in all the maritime districts; and I give notice of it to the different counseurs.
(Signed) DALPARADE.
Copy of the credentials given to citizen Genet. In the name of the French Republic, by virtue of the law of the 19th of August last, which confers on the Executive Council provisionally, all the functions of the executive power, and of the decree of the national convention of the 21st of September following, which continues the public authorities in force at the last period:
WE, the citizens forming the Provisional Executive Council, to the Republic of the United States of North America.
Very dear, great friends and allies, Having resolved to appoint a successor to Citizen
public, residing with you, we have chosen Citizen Genet, Adjutant General and colonel in the service of the Republic, to replace him in the same character. The proofs of zeal and patriotism which he has hitherto given persuade us, that he will conduct himself in a manner to render his perion agreeable.
We pray you, very dear great friends and allies, to give full credit to all he shall be charged to say to you on the part of the republic, especially when he assures you of our disposition to promote the interests and prosperity of the United States. We do not doubt he will give all his attention to convince you of the desire of the French nation to bind more and more the ties of friendship and fraternity which ought to unite two free people formed mutually to esteem each other, and to establish between them the most perfect harmony.
Written at Paris the 30th December, 1792, the first year of the Republic.
LE BRUN, ROLAND, CLAPIERS, PACHE, GARAT, MORGE.
By the Provisional Executive Council, GROUTELLE, Secretary of the Council.
BASSETERRE, (St Kitts,) November 22.
A brig arrived at Nevis, 4 days ago, in 30 days from Cork, the captain's name Etheridge,—he informs, that 7000 fine troops were embarked at Cork for the West Indies, that they had sailed, and put back owing to contrary winds.
The first October packet has arrived at Barbadoes—a gentleman who came passenger in her, is arrived at Eustatia, and informs, that the fleet which sailed from this road the 1st of August, all arrived safe at their different ports, not a vessel missing. That the Duke of York had been joined by 16 000 Austrians, and covered by General Beaulieu, had again besieged Dunkirk, and was carrying every thing before him—General O'Meara, the commandant of Dunkirk, had quit the place.
The report that Brest had offered to surrender to the English, on the same terms as Toulon, is confirmed.
General Kellerman, who had been for some time besieging Lyons with 80 000 men, had been attacked by the royalists, entirely defeated, with a great slaughter, and the whole republican army dispersed, with the loss of all their cannon, baggage, and camp equipage: In short, every thing on the continent was going on rapidly in favour of the allies.
St. EUSTATIA, November 29.
A vessel in 30 days from Liverpool to St. Kitt's, brings an account of the actual surrender of Brest and Dunkirk on the same terms as were granted to Toulon: and that commissioners were in London from Bordeaux, treating about the surrender of that city.
AUGUSTA, December 21.
Town of Tuckabatchee on the Talapoosee river, upper Creeks, 30th November, 1793.
Sir,
It is with pleasure I inform your excellency, that in consequence of a meeting which I have had at this place with the chiefs of all the Creek nations, that peace and good understanding is again re-established between the United States and the said nations.
The Creeks bind themselves to deliver to me all the prisoners in this land; to restore all the negroes, horses and cattle, taken from Georgia for twelve months past; to punish capitally, five or more of their aggressors. Measures are taken for carrying into effect all these desirable objects; and runners are sent in every direction, to make known the news of peace, and strictly to forbid their people from injuring the persons or property of the people of your state or of the United States.
I have therefore to request that your excellency will lose no time in promulgating this information throughout your state, thereby to prevent any outrage being offered to such Indians as may appear on your frontier, belonging to this nation, whilst they conduct themselves as friends.
I have not time to be more particular at present, but shall do myself the honor of writing you again in a few days, and am, with due respect, your obedient humble servant,
JAMES SEAGROVE,
Agent Indian affairs, S. D. U. S.
His excellency the governor of Georgia.
Taken from the files of the executive, Attest. EDWARD WATTS, S. E. D.
NEW-YORK, January 4.
ANTICIPATION ventures to prophecy what will be the answer to Mr. Jefferson's very extraordinary letter to France, viz.
Office for Foreign Affairs, Paris, Oct. 1, 1793.
Sir,
THE Executive Government of this Republic have received your letter of the 16th of August last, written by direction of the President of the American States, and have read it with all due attention; and I am directed to say, in answer thereto, that they are astonished at the combination as appears to have been engaged in, by some of your state officers, against our Minister Plenipotentiary to the Congress! countenanced where no countenance ought to have been shown. We find no fault in the conduct of that gentleman more than perhaps an over zeal in the business and concerns, upon which he was sent to America; however, sir, to manifest to the good people of the United States, that it is the sincere wish and desire of this Republic, to continue up-

on a footing of the most cordial friendship with them. We by this opportunity, have, agreeably to the request of your President, who we with had condescended upon this most important occasion to write himself, as he pleasingly used to do, when our arms contributed to crown him with laurels, (for ministerial organs are sometimes out of tune) recalled Mr. Genet, not to disgrace, but to promote him to a more honorable, and a more agreeable station; which he is considered here very highly to merit! At the same time, I must communicate to you, Sir, for the information of your Executive, that it has been signified to your Plenipotentiary here, that he is to lose no time in taking his departure from this country, his conduct having been infinitely more reprehensible than the misconduct, if supported by facts with which you have charged our minister: So unprincipled—to profligate—and so depraved a character, is no longer to be tolerated in any character, within this republic, now endeavoring to emerge from the vices and systematic corruption, into which Frenchmen have been for ages seduced, by the infamous conduct and example of kings, priests, and nobles. I am also directed to signify to you, Sir, for the information of the good people in the United States, that it is not the present intention of the governing powers here to send any other minister, in the room of the gentleman now recalled at the express desire of your President. Our consuls in the United States, will we trust take sufficient care, that the navigation and commerce from hence to your states, be carried on to the mutual satisfaction of the people in both Republics. With the most profound respect—unfeigned esteem—and sincere regard, for the good people* of your glorious rising States,
I have the honor to be, Sir, your most obedient, humble servant, DEFOTGUES, Minister for Foreign Affairs.
To Mr. Jefferson, Ministerial Organ for Foreign Affairs at Philadelphia.
* Let it be remembered that all credentials and commissions from both France and Britain, are addressed to the people of the United States.
A gentleman of veracity, who arrived here yesterday from Nantz, which place he left the 22d of October, informs, that the patriots had taken possession of Lyons, and that Cambray had surrendered to the enemy. He also asserts, that there was no probability of peace.
Yesterday arrived here, from Cape-Nichola-Mole, Captain Meoch, in the schooner Polly, which place he left the 10th of December, who informs, that all the French West-India islands, except Cape Francois and Aux-Cayes, were in possession of the English. He likewise informs, that some time before he sailed, a report prevailed at Cape-Nichola-Mole, that Aux-Cayes had been laid in ashes.
Extract of a letter from Monmouth county, New Jersey. “The minds of the people are much agitated—to have our fellow citizens, without the least offence dragged, not only into captivity, but slavery, is a dreadful evil, which has spread a general alarm—and has suffused those eyes with tears, that have beheld with the most frigid indifference the like lot meted to the sable sons of Africa! and yet perhaps slavery at Algiers is not worse than in America: How then shall we account for effects so different from causes so alike—Custom, that vile tyrant, that holds the mind in fetters, has made one familiar to us—so that we can rise from banquets, surrounded by our slaves, and say—“I am a Son of Liberty, a Friend to the Rights of Man!”
PHILADELPHIA, January 4.
From the Courier Politique of the 2d inst.
Passengers arrived this day from Cape Francois, announce the capture of that place by the Spaniards, who attacked it by land and sea.
From the Courier Politique of January 4.
The passengers who gave us the news of the capture of the Cape, being neither engineers nor mariners, are not able to inform us particularly of the manoeuvres which the Spaniards made to effect their conquest. But they report, that the besieged made but a feeble resistance—that the American vessels which went out before the squadron entered the harbour, are returned thither since, excepting that which has brought the news. Without doubt the first arrivals from St. Domingo will bring the details more circumstantially.
January 7.
A gentleman on whose authority full dependence may be placed, arrived in this city from Jamaica, via New-York, informs, that when he left Spanish-town a British packet had arrived there—The intelligence brought by this vessel was ordered to be kept a profound secret from the governed, but the captain told our informant that the affairs of France were in a most flourishing situation—many of the principal towns in England in a state of effervescence—that troops were sent to suppress the spirit, but joined the people in the cry of ‘No War’—Prussia he also informed, had actually withdrawn from the coalition.
Substance of a letter from Havre de Grace.
October 16.
The whole nation is determined to receive laws from no foreign power. All persons suspected of aristocracy are taken up—Ninety members have been expelled the convention, being suspected of royalism.
The exportation of all articles of first necessity is
prohibited—Silks and glass, &c. are free to export. The Spanish forces have been beaten in every quarter, and the king of Sardinia is likely soon to be left without a kingdom.
The whole energy of the republic is directed against England, and preparations are making for a descent, for which 100,000 men are intended, and all merchant vessels in a state of requisition—100 millions have been placed in the hands of the minister of marine for the construction of boats, each carrying four 24 pounders, to cover the landing of the troops. Toulon is blockaded by 70,000 men, and is expected to surrender.
The troubles of Vendee draw to an end.
We have it from very good authority, that a peace is on the tapis, between all the Belligerent powers of Europe, except France, Austria and Spain.
BALTIMORE, January 9.
Yesterday morning, between 2 and 3 o'clock, a fire broke out on the County-wharf, which consumed 13 buildings, with other property. We learn, that three persons were considerably hurt by the falling of a chimney.
January 10.
A Savannah paper of the 18th ultimo says, “Information is said to have been received in town, that the Creek Indians have commenced hostilities upon the Spanish settlements in Florida.”
Extract of a letter from Basseterre; (Guadaloupe) to a gentleman in Philadelphia, dated November 12.
The colony of Guadaloupe, now six months delivered from tyrants, has continued almost the only colony among the Antilles secure from the great & irreparable disasters of revolutions and of the open attacks of enemies from without. We are sensible that this fertile island, in the flourishing condition in which it still remains, must be very precious to the mother country; but the tempest roars round it, and the glory of saving it seems to be reserved to our friends and allies the Americans. Far be from us the idea of drawing them beyond the line of their own welfare. We do not wish to purchase our security at the expence of the tranquility of their country. We claim only the right we think we have to their gratitude, and the succours they may be able to afford us consistently with their own interests. May they, agreeably to the wishes of our heart, be persuaded that it is their real interest to strengthen more than ever the bonds which unite America to France, and her colonies.
As for us, we will never cease to regard them as the true allies of our country, and they shall always find in the French colonies of America, friends and brothers ready to fly to their assistance, should they ever stand in need of us again.
From the Knoxville Gazette, of the 19th ultimo.
List of prisoners, citizens of the United States, in the Creek nation, who are treated as slaves and sold from master to master, at as high a price and in the same manner as negroes are sold.
In the Covalegtes—Mrs. Williams and child; Alice Thompson, of Nashville; Mrs. Carfray and child, of ditto.
In the Hog villages.—Mr. Brown, of the district of Mero.
In the Clewvally town.—Miss Scarlet.
In the White Grounds.—Miss Wilson, of the district of Mero—and a boy and girl whose names are not remembered.
In the Colummies.—A boy five years of age.
In the Big Tallasee.—A boy 10 or 11 years of age—and a girl 7 or 8 years of age.
In the Coolee town.—A boy 15 years of age.
In the Pocontalanasee. A boy 12 or 13 years of age.
In the Oakfuska town.—A boy 15 years old.
In the Red Ground.—A man called John.
In the Cafauders.—A boy whose age and name are not known.
In Leslie's town.—A young woman who had been frequently threatened with death, for refusing to cohabit with his murdering rascally son.
In towns not recollected.—Mr. Crocket, and a woman and child.
Our informant was lately a resident among the Creeks, and says he has heard of many other citizens of the United States in captivity among them, but can give neither the names nor descriptions of those unfortunate persons.
MARTINSBURG, JANUARY 20, 1794.
An Albany paper of December 26, states a report in that city from Niagara that general Wayne, by a manoeuvre (every way worthy of the man) had so effectually ambushed the Indians, on the ground of general St. Clair's defeat, as to have made a most dreadful slaughter among those tawny sons of the desert, and taken a great number of prisoners. It is mentioned, that the ambush was so complete, that the Indians who escaped, did it by dint of the tomahawk, in a desperate sally on our troops, after having thrown away their muskets.
A gentleman in Boston has received a letter from Algiers, which mentions that the cruisers, fitted and fitting out there, are thirty-five in number, in general large ships, purchased at Marseilles, from the French levant merchants; they mount from twenty-five to forty guns.
A plan of importance to the United States, and interesting to mankind in general, is in contemplation: which embraces objects of so great a magnitude, that if executed, will be attended with consequences almost infinitely momentous.
The primary object is, the formation of a settlement on the western banks of the Mississippi, north of the Mississippi river.
The proposed settlement is intended to be composed of eighteen thousand citizens from this side of the Alleghany mountains, of various and useful occupations, completely equipped for actual service, furnished with all the necessary agricultural and manufacturing utensils; and of as many citizens as shall incline to engage on the other side.
It is conjectured, that the whole number, should it be carried into effect, would amount to twenty-four thousand men in the first instance, who would be arranged into divisions, as the furnishing of supplies of provisions, and the nature of the enterprise, might render requisite.
As the greatest encouragement would be given to induce exportation, there can be no doubt, but that the increase of population would be astonishingly rapid; and in the course of a few years, this new contemplated republic would become a great and powerful nation.
Immediately after arriving on the intended ground would declare themselves free, sovereign, and independent—and would exercise all the privileges, that sovereign and independent nations may of right do.
Should an enterprise like this be crowned with success, it would be literally a fulfilment of that prediction, “that a nation shall be born in a day.”
The objects embraced by this plan, are too many and too important to detail at this time. The subject will probably be dilated upon at some future, and not very remote period. ( Philadelphia Paper. ) Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Philadelphia, to his friend in this town, dated December 23, 1793.
“Anxious impulse prevails at present, and I need not observe to you that it is a crisis pregnant with importance. The designs of the corrupt European cabinets, place united America in a delicate situation, and indeed calls for all the wisdom, prudence, firmness, and temper, in the power of the representatives of a free and generous people. The operations of our troops have rendered us truly despicable—the Western posts are still withheld on the most flimsy pretext; and it is obvious what agency defeated the late intended treaty with the Indians, and that now calls forth the savages of Africa to act in concert with those of America. The haughty jealous Spaniards are rendered insolent by the same agency. The instructions to the commissioners that were sent to treat with the Indians, do credit to the President and to Secretary Jefferson, as do many other communications; and it is a public misfortune that he is about to retire, but such is the case, for a Secretary of more integrity, public spirit, and information, cannot be found.”
Extract of a letter from Nova Scotia, to a gentleman in New-York, dated 27th November, 1793.
“We flatter ourselves that something important will take place in the West Indies—twenty regiments and a strong fleet are on their passage there. No more English packets go to New-York; the October packet arrived a few days past at Halifax, and will return directly from thence.”
* From whence in three weeks they may be anchored in some one of the ports of the United States—Americans be on your guard! organize and discipline your militia, and be prepared for the worst.
Extract of a letter from Fort Washington, dated November 14, 1793, to a gentleman in Pittsburg.
“I received a letter a few days ago, from the Falls, informing me, that an expedition is there preparing against Louisiana, under the command of the well known general Clarke, who (says my informant) is appointed a major-general in the armies of France, and commander in chief of the French revolutionary legion on the Mississippi, &c. That a pay-master is actually arrived with cash, and also some French artillery officers—forty odd boats on a new construction are to be built at that place as soon as possible—that blank commissions are sent to the general to be filled at his pleasure—that the legion is to be on a life establishment, the same as in France—that public plunder is to be relinquished to the troops, and they are to receive lands in the conquered country consonant to grade, and that after the war they shall not be liable to be called out of the country, but are to garrison it.”
At a late hour last evening, we received the York (Pennsylvania) Herald, of Wednesday last, which contains extracts from English papers up to the 31st October, received by the ship Eliza, Capt. Harrison, arrived at New-York from Liverpool. The Herald is crowded with details of various hard-fought battles between the troops of the republic and the combined armies, in several of which the former appears to have gained the advantage—it also contains the Trial and Execution of the late Queen of France , which took place on the 16th of October. These important transactions being too lengthy for this day's paper, must be postponed until our next.
The November packet is arrived at Halifax, and has set sail for England again. One important piece of intelligence brought by this vessel, which bears the stamp of probability, and has not yet been communicated to the American public, is, that a peace has been proposed by the cabinet of St. James's, who feared a revolution of the people, a descent from France, a national bankruptcy, and the effect of the defection of Prussia and the United Netherlands.
This peace is to be settled upon the basis of the ancient relations between France and England; but the United States are to be left without countenance from either party, no new advantage is to be granted to her commerce, and her means of aggrandizement are not to be assisted.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
An ODE
For the NEW YEAR.
NOW Ninety four is come at last, And spent is ninety three: But where's the face that will engage That ninety-five he'll see.
Our days are number'd; oh! how short The lamp of nature burns: Time rapid flies, frail nature dies, Dust unto dust returns.
How pleasant and how fair in June, Appear'd the verdant plain; Nipt by the frost, its beauty's lost— Just emblem of frail man.
For what is man, that he should boast? The tyrant of a day; He draws his breath, then nipt by death, He moulders into clay.
How vain the show of earthly pomp, How vile a thing is pride: Can titles vain, or sordid gain, The power of death decide?
To day perfum'd, to-morrow wrapt In death's unwelcome shroud: To-day caress'd, to-morrow press'd, And borne before the crowd.
To-day man's flatter'd; ah! how vain! To-morrow he's forgot: To-day a throne, to-morrow none; The clay-cold vault's his lot.
'Tis neither wealth, nor title vain, Nor yet the regal power, Can save from death, or purchase breath, Or calm the troubled hour.
It is RELIGION, heavenly gift, Can purchase life and breath: Pass'd of thee, how calm will be The certain hour of death. J. D. Middle-Paxton, January 1, 1794.
Will be sold at PUBLIC SALE, On the premises, for cash, On Saturday the first day of February next, TWO Lots in the Town of Martinsburg, in Berkeley County, formerly the property of Thomas Martin; upon one of these lots is built a stone dwelling-house, two story high, 36 by 30 feet, with three rooms and fire places on each floor, and a good cellar under half the house; upon the other is a large stone building, intended for a distillery or brewery, and well calculated for both or either, having a large lime-stone spring that rises in the house. An indisputable title will be made the purchaser. December 24th, 1793. B. REEDER.
FOR SALE A TRACT of Land lying in the parish of Norborne, in the County of Berkeley, containing two hundred and thirty-two acres, adjoining Capt. Benjamin Beeler's. For terms, apply to Colonel Charles Magill, Winchester, or to the Subscribers. WILLIAMS & CAREY. Alexandria, 26th December, 1793.
To be hired, for one year from the first day of January next, to the highest bidder, A stout, healthy Negro Man, about 34 years old, who has been brought up to Plantation work. E. O. WILLIAMS. Shepherd's Town, December 30, 1793.
FOR SALE, A HOUSE and Lot in Middletown; the House is built with large squared logs, 28 by 26 feet, two stories high, with three rooms on each floor, completely finished, with a good kitchen adjoining the same; the lot is enclosed with good paling, post and rail fence. There is likewise a convenient stable, adjoining the premises is a grass lot containing three quarters of an acre, under good post and rail fence, clear of ground rent, which will be sold with the former. Any person inclining to purchase this valuable property may know the terms (which will be reasonable) by applying to the Subscriber, living on the premises. ROBERT LAMON. Middletown, December 17th, 1793.
NOTICE.
THE Subscriber having removed from the place where he formerly lived, in Shepherd's Town, informs his friends in particular and the public in general, that he has furnished himself with the best materials, and employed some of the best workmen, so that he is now able to make as good Wagons as on the continent, and as reasonable. He now lives in the Main-Street, a few doors below John Kearley, Esq.'s, and any person enquiring at Joseph McMurrin's Store, will receive information. HENRY FEYSER. Shepherd's Town, Dec. 14, 1793.
In the High Court of Chancery, September the 26th, 1793. BETWEEN Robert M'Knight - - - - - Plt. } AND Milling Wooley, and Laurence M'Kernan, Deft. }
THE Defendant Milling Wooley not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the act of assembly, and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this country, on the motion of the plaintiff by his council, it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at some church of the parish of Norborne, in the county of Berkeley, on some Sunday immediately after divine service, and at the front door of the Capitol in the city of Richmond. A Copy. Teste, PETER TINSLEY, C.H.C.C.
THE Subscriber requests those that are indebted to him by open account, to come and settle, and if they cannot discharge what may be due, to give their obligations, as their accounts may be closed by the first of April next; he then purposes to open a large assortment of Merchandize, and wants his books settled before he begins business again, as they have been long standing. JOSEPH MINGHINI.
TO BE RENTED. THE House in Martinsburg, opposite Mr. John Rohr's, and now occupied by Mr. Christian Smith. The House has adjoining a very complete kitchen, stable and garden, with every other convenience that could be wished for the accommodation of a family. Possession will be given on the first of April next. For terms apply to Mr. Edward Christian in Martinsburg, or the Subscriber in Winchester. JAMES ASH. December 19th, 1793.
A valuable Plantation for Sale. PURSUANT to the last will of William Baldwin, deceased, will be sold by Public Vendue, on the 2d Tuesday of March next, on the Premises, (if fair, if not, the next fair day.) the Plantation on which the said William Baldwin lately dwelt, situate in Berkeley County, Virginia, about 8 miles from Martinsburg containing about 300 acres, one hundred and sixty or seventy of which are cleared, and under good fence, 10 acres of excellent meadow made, which may easily be watered from a large limestone spring.—The remainder of the land is well covered with oak, walnut, hickory and poplar timber. There is on said Plantation, two dwelling houses, two double barns, a large apple-orchard, and other fruit-trees. One fifth part of the purchase money must be paid down, the remainder in four equal annual payments, on giving bonds with approved security. A plat of the land will be shown, and other particulars respecting the premises made known on the day of sale by JAMES STRODE } JAMES CAMPBELL } Executors. The title is indisputable. December 17th, 1793.
N O T I C E. THE Subscriber returns his grateful acknowledgments to his friends and customers—and most humbly solicits a settlement with those whom he has accounts unsettled with, and of long standing. This requisition he hopes will be acceptable to his friends, as he is desirous of closing his accounts to the present date. FLORENCE MAHONY. Martinsburg January 1, 1794.
TO BE SOLD, 530 acres of LAND, lying on Sleepy-Creek, a corner of Frederick County, nearly adjoining Berkeley and Hampshire line; there are about 50 acres of plow-land clear'd, 12 acres of meadow, and much more may be made, a young bearing apple and peach orchard, the land well watered and timbered, it has a good mill seat, a limestone spring, some cabin buildings, &c. Appy to WILLIAM CATLETT.
WHEREAS the Subscribers signed three penal Bonds to Thomas Noble, of Berkeley County, each for the sum of forty seven pounds five shillings, the first due November 1, 1794, the second November 1, 1795, and the third November 1, 1796, and which Bonds were given the said Noble for a certain tract of land, but to which said land we are well assured he has not a good right, we therefore forewarn all persons from taking an assignment of either of the said Bonds, as we are determined not to pay them until we are satisfied with regard to the title. SOLOMON SILKWOOD. WILLIAM ROBINSON. December 21st, 1793.
List of Letters remaining in the Post-Office at Shepherd's Town B. Thomas Borras. Col. Charles Beatty. D. Robert Daniel, Buckles-Town. Samuel Donaldson, care of David Bolton. M. David Moore. Christopher M'Allister. Richard M'Sherry. N. George North and Co. S. Isaac Stryder, care of John Potts. Frederick Sherry. W. Corbin Washington, Prospect-Hill. Sam. S. Walbington, 3. William Spalding, 13 news papers. If the above letters are not taken up, before the first day of April, they will be sent to the General Post-Office as dead letters. WILLIAM GOOD, jun. P. M.
A list of Letters remaining in the Post-Office Martinsburg, which if not taken away before the 1st of April next, will be sent to the General Post-Office as dead letters. B. Peter Bedinger, Vance Bush. C. Hugh Cunningham, Peter Cleaver. D. Cornelius Diveney, Tanner. F. Joseph Firman, Margaret Fitzgerald. G. William Gilley. H. John Hamilton, Messrs. Isaac Hite & Sons 3 Thomas Henderson, George Hite, Esq. Dr. Jacob Harris. K. John Kercheval, Battle-Town, Jacob Kibler. L. Isaac Littler. M. David Moore, Andrew M'Arthur 2, John Macaughtry, Mrs. Eve Mitchell. John Mason, Esq. James M'Culloch. P. Joseph Plummer. R. Nicholas Roper. W. Warner Washington, Esq. Charles Winter-Smith, Ephraim Worthington, Zebulon Warner 2. EVAN SHELBY P. M. December 28th, 1793.
A Scheme of a LOTTERY For the disposal of Land, Cattle, and Merchandize as follows: 1 Prize of fifty acres of good land, £ 75 0 0 1 ditto of fifty acres of ditto, - - 75 0 0 1 ditto a young mare, - - - - 12 12 0 1 ditto a milch cow, - - - - 4 10 0 10 ditto each one sheep, at 12s. - - 6 0 0 286 ditto each 6/8 in merchandize, - - 95 6 8 Expences of drawing, and other contingencies, 1 11 4 £ 270 0 0 300 Prizes, } 600 Blanks, } 900 Tickets, at 6s. each, £ 270 0 0 The above Lottery is calculated in Virginia currency, dollars at 6s. and as it cannot be doubted on the first sight of this scheme, that the Tickets will not remain long on hand, as the two first Prizes are so valuable, being each 50 acres of good land, lying within 10 miles of Martinsburg, near Opeckan, each of which would be a pretty settlement for a tradesman, there being a stream of water running exactly between the two; or should any adventurer be so fortunate as to draw them both, they would make together a pretty little farm, as it is tolerable good wheat land. From the present rapid sale of the Tickets, the subscriber has determined on drawing the 1st day of March next, if the tickets should then be sold.—He has appointed Messrs. James Kercheval and Edward Talbert as Managers, and the place of drawing at Mr. David Middleton's Tavern. The 286 Prizes, valued at 6/8 Virginia currency each are to consist of calicoes, men's jacket patterns, wool hats, silk and pocket handkerchiefs, plated shoe-buckles, &c. January 3, 1794. ZADOCK WILLETT.
THE Partnership of MARK and COOK is dissolved by mutual consent this 4th December, 1793. JOHN MARK, WILLIAM COOK.
FOR SALE, AT THE PRINTING OFFICE, Blank Deeds of Bargain and Sale, Magistrates' Summons.