The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-09-26 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1791.
[NUMBER 46 OF VOL. I.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
FROM A LONDON PAPER.
NEWSPAPERS.
A Newspaper is so true a type of that caprice and levity, for which our countrymen are remarked by foreigners, that it may justly be styled an Englishman's coat of arms: and yet the Turkish Alcoran is not half so sacred to a rigid Mahometan, a parish feast to an overseer, a strength-dispensing haunch to an alderman, or a general election to a freeholder, as a gazette is to an English politician. If the delectable paper gives an account of a naval armament fitting out against Old England's enemies, he toasts the Admirals and Captains in half pints a piece; wishes them success; gets drunk with loyalty, and goes to bed with his head full of seventy-fours, sixty-fours, frigates, transports, and fire-ships.
A newspaper, whose magnitude is so much superior, and where the chief of its contents are not sanctioned by royal or official authority, is obliged to become the receptacle of invention. Hence it is made a museum of we hear—they write—it is said—a correspondent remarks—with a long list of ifs and supposes—that at once serve to please, amuse, divert, and inform : and yet the evils of Pandora's box do not operate more powerfully, or diffuse themselves more extensively, than these paragraphs do over the whole face of the earth. We hear can alter a man's face as the weather would a barometer; and It is said distort the features like an electrical shock. If can make a man cry; and suppose , on the contrary, provoke a fit of laughter. Thus do they operate, like physic, according to the constitutions, tempers, and principles of the parents.
Domestic occurrences form a very essential, important, and an agreeable part of a newspaper.—Curiosity may be extended by observing the various effects the different articles of intelligence have on different persons. Thus a marriage will mortify the breast of an old maid, hurt the pride of a young one, while it gives consolation to many a poor dejected husband, who reads that another has fallen into his situation. A death , if it is a wife, will make husbands envy the widower; wives and widows pity the deceased, and hurt at the husband's good fortune, exclaim against the monster for not showing a proper degree of sorrow on the occasion; while one of them, perhaps, marries him a month after. In short, all the passions incident to the human frame, are elated and put in motion by a newspaper. It is a bill of fare, containing all the luxuries, as well as the necessaries of life.— Politics are now the roast beef of the times, a dish equally sumptuous to the king and cobbler: Poetry is plumb pudding , and palatable only to the lovers of the muse. There are others that act as vegetables to complete the course.
The four winds (the initials of which make the word NEWS) are not so liable to change, as the newspapers. We have on Monday, a whisper —Tuesday, a rumour —Wednesday a conjecture —Thursday, a probable —Friday, a positive —and, on Saturday a premature . Thus are our hopes for five days regularly encreased, till the sixth brings forth a disappointment.
Its defects, however, bear no comparison to its beauties, which are equally celebrated in the court, as on the tailor's shop board.
One person's affections lie in the stocks, arrivals of fleets, &c. another in battles, a third delights in anecdotes, a fourth in scandal, a fifth in wit, and a sixth in poetry. Thus a newspaper is a repository where every one has his hobby-horse.
Without newspapers, our coffee-houses, ale-houses, and barber's-shops, would undergo a change next to a depopulation; and our country villagers, the curate, the exciseman, and the blacksmith, would lose the self-satisfaction of being as wise as
W. P.
OF THE INCREASE OF SHEEP AND WOOL.
To the owners of Sheep, throughout the United States.
AS the increase of Sheep and Wool, would be very beneficial to you, and of great service to the people of the states in general;—I take this method to give some remarks worthy your attention, having observed a fatal neglect to those creatures, against the inclemency of the winter season; thereby, you not only lose a great share of your wool, but you also lose numbers of old sheep and lambs.
Let England be our example in raising wool; and then no doubt, but we may make a large quantity of woolen cloths, which would prevent our running so largely in debt at home, and enable us to pay in due time for what necessaries we cannot do without. In the northern counties in England, where large herds of sheep are raised and which are the riches of those mountainous and hilly parts—It is a very necessary and general custom (though neglected in the states) to make an ointment or salve of butter
and tar, which they lay upon their whole flock the latter end of October, or beginning of November, being about the time cold weather sets in: (the method to make this ointment or sheep salve) take an equal quantity of butter and tar, put the tar into a tub or cask, (with one head out) stir it well with a flat stick, about 2 inches broad, for two hours or more, till it is become gentle, (soft and free from lumps,) while this is doing, let another person take butter (either old or new) and melt it over a very slow fire, then put it into the tub with the tar, continuing to stir, till they are well mixed together, —and the next day it will be fit for use.
The method of using this salve, is as follows: Lay the sheep upon a bench or table made for that purpose, tie the four feet together,—the man sits on one end and holds the sheep betwixt his legs, in what posture he finds necessary. Then he sheds (opens) the wool with his thumbs and fore fingers, keeping his thumbs at the bottom of the wool, beginning at the head of the sheep, and running along the back as far as he can reach. Then takes a piece of salve (about the bigness of a small hickory nut) and runs it along the skin where he has opened the wool, for 10 or 12 inches, and then replenish it again, till the whole line is finished; when this is done, he makes a new shed (or opening) as before; about half an inch distant from the other; and so on till the whole sheep is covered. This kind of salving keeps the skin gentle and warm in the severity of the season, whereby they are enabled to withstand the excessive wet and cold, (so destructive to sheep) without much damage, so that in general they will have a full coat or fleece of wool, and the sheep be in a thriving healthy condition, more able to produce greater increase. It is through the owner's care and this salve, that so great a number of sheep and quantity of wool are raised in England. A neglect whereof would in a few years ruin that valuable treasure.
A large sheep will take about a pound of this salve, but a less quantity will be sufficient for those of a smaller kind. It is customary to lay the greatest quantity on ewes, as it gives strength and prosperity to them and their increase.
If the farmers in general would follow this simple method of salving sheep, they would find them thrive so much better than they have hitherto done, that in seven years they would raise four times the number, and every coat or fleece of wool, would be of double the quantity and of a much better quality.
It is not a general practice in England to change an old flock of sheep, but to exchange rams every three or four years, being careful to get such as are of a good healthy breed, with wool suitable for the market.
If wool begins to look a little rough, as thereby it is discernable when it is likely to come off: Take a handful of leaf tobacco, and boil it in a little urine, make it pretty strong, which lay about the place affected, and it will be of good service to hinder its spreading.
When any sheep lose their wool before the usual time of shearing, and the young coat is but short, it would be well to shear it over, (though nothing could be got worth keeping) as thereby it will help or prevent the wool from falling off the next year.
Do not think I have given a receipt to cure all disorders in sheep, but I am convinced that if you are careful and particular in the application as above, and let your sheep have hay or any other thing to eat when deep snow is on the ground, that you will not lose above one, where you used to lose ten and often more.
From the Charlestown City Gazette.
Little Tennasee, June 1, 1791.
SIR,
SINCE the departure of captain Swan from this, nothing of moment having occurred, I have not wrote to you of late.
Early in April last I received a letter from Gov. Blount, informing me of a certain Messrs. Cox, Gilbert and Strother, who were preparing to set out with a considerable party of armed men, from a place in his government, towards the tract of country said to be the purchase of the Tennasee company, and there to attempt to settle a number of adventurers who had engaged in that scheme; and that he urged to them the evil tendency of so daring a violation of the treaty of New-York; to which they replied, that they would effect their purposes or perish in the attempt. The governor advised the Cherokees of the same, and recommended to the Indians in general to remove the intruders wherever they should be found within the Indian limits, and I have sent out a force of my warriors on the same affair.
Capt. Swan, no doubt, has informed you of the intemperate conduct of the Georgians on the late treaty being published; and they continue much in the same tempe. Regardless of the articles which gave the power of regulating our own trade, and
in contempt of Gov. Telfair's prohibitory proclamation, the frontier is infested with petty trading houses, which the Indians are inticed to visit, by giving them spirituous liquors, and when intoxicated, are stripped of their hunts, and often personally abused. Such conduct is the source of eternal dispute, to the great vexation of official people on both sides.
An Indian of the Cowetas town has been killed, and a camp plundered of skins, honey, &c.
No hasty revenge has been taken, owing to the care of the chiefs; satisfaction has been demanded, and, as usual, it will be refused.
At our general meeting in April last, the articles of treaty were explained to the nation; and with regard to the limits, it turned out as I told you at New-York. The Appalachi or South Fork will not be given up, as the source of that branch of the Oronce extends to the northward of the Cherokee country, and nearly approaches the pretended purchase of the Tchasee company.
They unanimously agree to cede from the mouth of the main branch of the Oconee, which is on the north side, from thence run a north east course across to the Tugaloo mountain, and down the river to the old line; the boundary begins far above the present highest settlement on the river, and its extent across to the mountain, nearly 300 miles, and its breadth varying from twenty five to seventy miles, as the river runs, and comprehends all the level country of those waters: the hilly and swampy grounds are preserved for hunting. The Georgians never pretended to alk more till the year 1789, and the nation desire me to say that they trust to the justice and moderation of the federal government, that more will not be insisted on. They further observe, that it was usually stipulated on former cessions, for the lands to be settled by an honest people, who would prove peaceable and good neighbours; in compliance with which the British planted a Quaker colony on a former purchase; at present the lands have been sported away among the Georgians by horse racing and card-matches, and of course it has become the refuge of cheats, robbers and vagabonds of all countries, who by a disorderly conduct keep both countries in a state of eternal warfare.
The Bearer, a Michael Jones, was, as he informs, one of a party of surveyors sent out to the western country on government service, and was taken by the Oquebas Indians, and delivered up to the Spaniards. Coming recommended to me from Pensylvania, and going for Philadelphia, I have judged it a safe opportunity to send this by. With most respectful compliments to your family,
I am,
With sincere and great esteem,
Sir, your most obedient servant,
ALEX. M C GILLIVRAY.
Honorable Major Gen. Knox, Secretary at War, &c.
Infallible Remedy for an Ague.
Take forty grains of salt of wormwood, thirty grains of Virginia snake-root, and half an ounce of the best Jesuit's bark; mix them together in a tea-cup full of treacle, and take it in three equal proportions in the course of the day that the fit is off, to wit, before breakfast, an hour before dinner, and in the evening, at such time as the stomach is the emptiest. The first day of taking it has never failed of accomplishing it's purposes; but it would not be imprudent to take the size of a nutmeg at different times the next day, which will infallibly remove the disease.
Just published, and for sale by the Printer hereof,
[PRICE EIGHT PENCE,]
The SECOND EDITION of the Pamphlet, entitled,
A L E T T E R
From Miss S——A to Mrs. R——, who, on her way to BATH, visited
Saint Rozo Villozo!
The most celebrated Personage in this part of the country, and now residing near SHARPSBURG.
F O R S A L E,
By the Printer hereof,
Blank Deeds of Bargain and Sale, Lawyers Declarations of every Kind, Common Bonds, Blank Notes, &c.

Foreign Advices.
By the Ship Hope, Captain Service, arrived at New York, in 50 Days from London, we have the following important Advices, viz.
P A R I S, July 15.
Discussion relative to the KING.
THE great question now before the National Assembly will, it is expected, be productive of the most serious consequences.
The fermentation is, at this moment, beyond all the powers of language.
The fraternal societies, of both sexes, have posted up bills, tending to inflame the minds of the people, and calling upon them to resume the power which the National Assembly, acting in concert with the seven committees, have most wickedly and treacherously proposed to abandon.
The language of those bills abounds with flames and daggers. In them, a list of near 180 members of the National Assembly are denounced for intending to betray the rights of the people, by refusing their consent to have the King tried, and expressing their abhorrence of a republican form of government.
In this list are included the most respectable members of the assembly, such as Messrs. Montesquieu, Alexander Lameth, Charles Lameth, de la Fayette, the Abbé Seyes, la Rochefoucault, d'Andre, Barnave, Dupori, de Beautmetz, the Abbe Maury, de Roucault, de Clermont, Freteau, Dupont, Bailly, &c. &c.
These gentlemen are accused of having received bribes from the civil list; of wishing to perpetuate it for their own emolument, and of having formed a coalition, in the very bosom of the Assembly, for the purpose of violating the rights of the people, and of acting contrary to justice, and the dictates of immutable truth.
The authors of the above bills conclude by declaring that they wait, in awful suspense, and in the attitude of a free, proud and great nation, the result of these dreaded combinations against the rights of the people.
EXPECTED TUMULT.
In the evening, there was every appearance that a tumult, threatening in its consequences to be dreadful, was on the point of breaking out.
The republicans wish to gain strength by delaying to decide the question relative to the destiny of the King. People of moderation are, on the contrary, resolved to come to a speedy decision on this subject, and by that means prevent the calamities with which the kingdom seems to be threatened.
In the mean time, the following articles have been already proposed, and decreed in the Assembly; but subject to a revision:
1. Every King who shall put himself at the head of a hostile army, shall be held to have abdicated the royalty. 2. Every King who, after taking the oath to the Constitution, shall retract it, shall be held to have abdicated. 3. Every King who shall abdicate, shall be considered as a simple citizen. He shall be open to accusation in the ordinary way, for his particular acts. 4. Every King who shall have conspired against the Constitution, by carrying on a direct and criminal correspondence with the enemies of the nation, shall be held to have abdicated.
These propositions were carried by a very great majority.
The first article of the decree proposed by the committees, respecting M. Bouille, was then put, and carried.
M. Robertspierre moved, that Monsieur, the King's brother, whose guilt was obvious, should be included in the prosecution. If the assembly refused to do this, he should think himself bound, for the honour of the nation, to protest against their decree.
This doctrine, said M. Chabroud, is detestable; it attacks the liberty of individuals, for the security of which, no citizen can be accused, but on proofs.
The Assembly proceeded on the decree proposed by the committees, and passed the other article.
The King and Queen continue as closely confined as ever. It is not likely that the former will be restored to the executive power for the present, although the committees of the Assembly have declared his person inviolated. The Queen's name has never once been mentioned.
RUPTURE ON THE SPANISH FRONTIERS.
M. Freteau informed the Assembly, that the Directory of the Basle Paynees, in pursuance of the decrees of the Assembly to prevent the passage of all persons whatever from France, were compelled to close the lines of debarkation between their country and the Spanish territory; which appearing to be a conduct hostile, and in violation of existing treaties, produced the following remonstrance from the Commandant-General of Catalonia, addressed to the Commandant of the Troupes de Ligne.
Barcelona, June 28, 1791.
"I am this moment given to understand, that in defiance of treaties existing, you are about to close the line of debarkation between the two kingdoms, to the impediment of the free entry and exit of his Catholic Majesty's subjects. I beg to be made acquainted with the authority from which these orders flow; and at the same time to acquaint you, that I am compelled myself to follow the same system, and to order an advancement of the troops to prevent the execution of any projected designs that may have been meditated by the ill-intentioned."
(Signed)
"LAICY."
The letters from the Departments were referred to the Military Committee. But it appeared that the alarm was entirely groundless, and that the motion of the Spanish troops was merely the vigilance of necessary counter operation, in case the safety of their frontiers had been menaced.
Papers were then read:
SENTIMENTS OF THE KING OF SPAIN.
The following communications were then read, relative to the opinions of the Spanish Monarch, upon the present circumstances of government.
Letter from the Spanish Ambassador to M. Montmorin.
"SIR,
"I have the honor to transmit to your Excellency an exact copy of the dispatches I have received from my Court, and of the note annexed, to the end that you may communicate their contents to the National Assembly. They will therein discover a confirmation of those sentiments, which, in my letter of the 3d current, I had the honor to lay before you.
"The happiness of the King and of the French Nation, her internal tranquility and prosperity, these (M. le Comte) are the objects of the measures of an ally like Spain, who will employ all the means she shall conceive suitable to their accomplishment.
"I have the honor to be, with the most perfect attachment,
(Signed)
"The COMTE de FERNARD NUNES.
"July 8, 1791."
Dispatches from the Count de Florida Blanca, to the Spanish Ambassador at the Court of France.
"I have this morning received the letter of June the 21st, by which your Excellency informs me that the Most Christian King and the Royal family have absented themselves from Paris. I rendered immediate notice of this event to the King, and his Majesty ordered me to dispatch this courier forthwith to your Excellency, with the accompanying declaration, that you might lay the same before the Government.
"At one o'clock, afternoon, the courier arrived with your two letters for me, of the 22d and 23d, by which you announce the arrest of the Sovereign on his journey. It conveyed also the instrument that the National Assembly had ordered M. de Montmorin to send to you.
"The said declaration or note, of which I have spoken, was at that time prepared, and the King thought that, such as it was, it was the fittest reply he could charge you with to M. de Montmorin, to be by him communicated to the National Assembly, that that Assembly might know what have been, and what are, the intentions of his Majesty respecting the affairs of the kingdom of France, and more particularly touching the present occurrence. Thus, therefore, not retarding the courier, I have re-expedited him on the instant to your Excellency, on quitting the business I was occupied upon with his Majesty.
(Signed)
"The COMTE de FLORIDA BLANCA."
Aranjuez, July 1, 1791.
L O N D O N,
July 5. The dauphin of France, who on the 27th of March last attained his sixth year, is a boy of the most promising abilities. His manners and disposition are of so conciliating a nature, as to render him universally beloved.
Monsieur and the Comte d'Artois, will immediately be attainted.
The Queen is to be brought to trial for high treason, and all the world trembles for her destiny, which appears inevitable.
Two of the guards had their throats cut previous to the French king's escape.
The late agitations in France will necessarily occasion a change in the French affairs, all over Europe. There will be no knowing how to estimate their form of government, or acknowledge the ministers sent to other countries by it.
The king and queen are separately confined and guarded—they met in the chapel royal on Sunday, when the queen fainted at the sight of her children.
July 15. Yesterday the Revolution Society dined at the Crown and Anchor tavern, to celebrate the Anniversary of the French Revolution.
Lord Stanhope having thought proper to decline the chair, Mr. Rouis undertook that arduous office: A number of toasts were drank, suited to the occasion.
Yesterday a number of idle people assembled at the front of Newgate, and, with many threats, demanded the liberation of Lord George Gordon, that he might participate with his worthy brethren in the celebration of the 14th of July.
The mob in a short time became so numerous that it was deemed necessary to call in the assistance of the military. A body of soldiers were, in consequence, sent for; and on their arrival the mob, who but an instant before threatened Newgate with destruction, immediately dispersed.
Similar proceedings, in the neighbourhood of the King's Bench Prison, rendered it necessary to send a guard thither.
The irruption lately made into France, by the Spaniards, was not as has been suggested, the consequence of any dispute among the borderers; but the result of a premeditated plan for invading that kingdom, on all sides, as soon as the monarch should have effected his escape. The re-capture of his Majesty, having rendered the whole design abortive, the Spanish troops are again retired, and the war suspended till another time.
In the mail of yesterday, mention is made, that Lieutenant General Knyffow had crossed the Danube, with a division of the Russian army, and on the 15th of June, near Babada, had attacked and de-
feated a body of 23 000 Turks and Tartarians, under the command of Chaw Bachty Gherey, and the Seraskier Achmet Pacha, three other Bashaws, and five Tartarian Sultans.
The French nobility in this country are in high spirits on the turn of affairs in France, which they deem favourable to the royal cause, and they every where express the most certain hopes, that the counter-revolution army will be successful.
The large purchase of horses for the counter-revolutionists has raised the price of that animal to an excessive degree.
There was a report in town yesterday, stating generally, that a riot had taken place in Dublin on the 14th of July, in which the mob had burnt nearly the whole of one street.
We have too much reason to believe this to be true.
Disturbances at Birmingham.
July 17. The populace at Birmingham, conceiving that a commemoration of French anarchy in this country, was an insult to the majority of the constitution, and a design to disturb the general and enviable tranquility of the state, assembled on Thursday before Dudley's Hotel, where about eighty persons were met for the purpose of celebrating the glorious 14th of July. We lament however, that what certainly proceeded from laudable a principle should end in consequences so unjustifiable; but their resentment being once warmed, soon became inflamed, and the influence communicated to certain religious conventicles, where they conceived an opposite, though no less inflammable spirit, originated.
By 8 o'clock, upwards of two thousand persons were collected. Their first act was to break all the windows of the hotel. They then proceeded to Dr. Priestley's new meeting-house, which they shortly consumed; the old meeting-house became the next object of their fury, and shared the same fate. Irritated by one another against the Dissenters, they determined (una voce) to destroy Dr. Priestley's dwelling-house at Fairhill, one mile from Birmingham. It accordingly was beset about midnight, and before ten o'clock the following morning, was entirely demolished. We lament to hear his library and laboratory, with all his philosophical apparatus were consumed, as well as every other article in the house. The Doctor was apprised of their intentions in time to escape with his family to a house in the neighbourhood. On Friday morning nine persons were found dead in the streets, and several others have been dangerously wounded, by the falling of houses, &c. &c.
Many houses belonging to some of the principal Dissenters, have been marked for destruction; and unless the arrival of the military should put an end to the commotion, the consequences may prove fatal to the whole town. Trade is entirely at a stand, and every thing is in the greatest confusion.
Orders were on Saturday sent from the Secretary of State's office to the high sheriff of the county of Warwick, to call forth immediately the posse comitatus of the county, to quell the commotions at Birmingham.
Lord Aylsford was very active in pacifying the mob at Birmingham, and his endeavours were attended with some success.
At York, Manchester, Derby, Bristol, and some other places where the Revolutionists assembled on the 14th inst. the populace shewed strong inclinations to rise, but were prevented by the precautions taken by the magistrates.
By a private letter from Birmingham, received yesterday morning, we are informed, that Dr. Priestley only saved himself from the fury of the mob by half an hour's notice. That his plate had been previously sent off to a friend's house, and that this and a private box of manuscripts are all he has saved of his property.
The insurgents of Birmingham had made a gridiron of immense size, which they brought to Dr. Priestley's house, where they said they meant to broil an anti-constitutional philosopher by the blaze of his own writings, and light the fire with the rights of man.
July 19. A courier extraordinary, a confidential servant, arrived yesterday morning at the Secretary of State's office, Whitehall, with dispatches from his Excellency the Earl of Elgin, containing the Emperor's determination respecting the Armistice between the Austrians and the Turks, which expired on the 11th of June, and which the allied powers had engaged to guarantee; but we are sorry to add, that the Emperor now absolutely refuses to fulfil the Keichenbach convention, which will involve all the Continental powers and their allies, in new and, we fear very embarrassing difficulties.
The royal flight has stopped the general election in France, which will not now take place till order is somewhat restored, and some permanent form of government adopted.
M A S S A U, (New-Providence) August 5.
A new flag was displayed here on Wednesday; it was that of the Creek nation, worn by a vessel in which General Bowles and the Indian chiefs embarked, on their return to the American continent.
A writer in the European Magazine of April last, thus concludes an account of the above-mentioned persons—"The principal business of the ambassadors from the Creek country to England, was to procure a remission of the free-port act. In this they have been successful."
This, we understand, has allusion to vessels wearing the Indian flag, being put on the same footing, in the free ports, with vessels of foreign European powers.

UNITED STATES.
MASSACHUSETTS.
PORTLAND, August 19.
From a Correspondent.
Since the late rise of public securities, there has scarcely a day passed but we see more or less Swindlers and petty stock-jobbers riding through the country purchasing them. It is said many widows have been prevailed on to sell their state notes at 10 or 12 1/2 on the pound, (being informed that was the highest they would fetch) when the same were selling at 17 or 18 3/4. What must be the feelings of the widows and fatherless, when they find themselves thus defrauded of great part of their little, and that, not unlikely, the earning of their late husbands, who died in the service of their country, by these pests of society, who ought to be despised and discountenanced by every member of the community."
BOSTON, September 3.
Anecdote of M. DE BOUILLE.—This nobleman whose late conduct in France has surprised many, is possessed of every amiable qualification—brave as Cæsar, he is humane as he is brave. When Commandant-General of the French West-India islands, during the late war, a ship was cast away on one of them, which had on board several hundred Englishmen—These, in a deplorable situation, supplicated the Marquis to relieve them, and to be made prisoners of war—"No," returned the General, "the King, my Master, does not make war with the elements—had you been taken in battle, you would remain his prisoners; but your case is otherwise—I have ordered you clothing and refreshment—and have directed a ship to be got ready to transport you to the dominions of your King."—Which was done.
CONNECTICUT.
NEW HAVEN, August 31.
A few days since, the wife of Mr. Plumb, of Milford, was delivered of three Sons, who were named ABRAHAM, ISAAC and JACOB;—Jacob survived his birth but a short time; the other two are said to be fine healthy children.
Within a few weeks previous to the above mentioned births, three women in the same town, were each delivered of twins. Fine subjects to settle a new country!
NEW-YORK.
NEW-YORK, September 14.
It is natural, and sometimes useful, on occasions big with consequences, to hazard conjectures, or at least to indulge the spirit of animadversion. In the instance of the Birmingham riot, a variety of circumstances, foreign as well as local, seem to have corroborated in leading to this sad catastrophe—but it may be shrewdly conjectured, from the treasonable nature of the riot, laid in the London Gazette, to have been given—the supposed forgery of the band bill—the offensiveness of some noble lords in quelling the riot, &c. that the whole was a MINISTERIAL PLOT, to destroy the property of those sons of freedom, who compose the London Revolution Society—to sound the feelings of the people, and to give greater liability to the established (Royal) religion!
The corroborating circumstances which should be attended to are—the spreading wings of the genius of freedom—the recent revolution in France—the oppressive effects of the (REPUTED) free government of England—and the state of its religion.—Who shall presume, in the face of God and nature, to prevent MAN from re-assuming his primeval dignity! What despot's will shall now be obeyed, though he command his brother, saying thou shalt not rejoice at the happiness of thy species!—O! where will soon be the HEREDITARY prince, king, or assumed MONARCH, who shall have the sacrilegious effrontery to command his fellow worms in what particular mode he shall worship the KING OF KINGS!
It is not probable the riots in that kingdom will stop here. We are never surprised when we hear, in common life, that a horse has thrown his rider. The DISSENTERS, ROMAN CATHOLICS, and the friends to the RIGHTS OF MAN, are equally attacked. We only add here, that near six eighths of the inhabitants of Ireland are supposed to be Roman Catholics—seven eighths of Scotland, one half of Wales, and one third of England, are supposed to be dissenters; that converts, to the general revolution principle, daily become more numerous in every quarter of the globe; and, with these data, leave the reader, at his leisure moments, to mature his conjectures of future consequential events.
THE script mania continues to prevail in this and other capital cities; the price of that speculating article continually floats between 120 and 160 dols. We have heard of numbers suffering greatly—many "lame ducks have waddled out of the alley." A scale of speculating honor, it is said, is now graduated by the high court of that very honorable body.
PENNSYLVANIA.
PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 16.
Extract of a letter from New Orleans, August 1.
A few days ago a ship failed from hence for France with tobacco on freight, that had been purchased for the King, and was intended to have been
sent to Caliz. When the ship began to take in her loading, she was afterwards ordered to proceed as above. Immediately after she failed, the Custom-house boat was despatched after her, and she was brought back; there was found on board 20,000 dollars, which are contraband. The owner, passengers and crew, are now confined in gaol—Other consequences that may accrue, are as yet unascertained; confiscation of all property, and condemnation to the mines for years, are not uncommonly the consequence of such proceedings."
The Princes of Germany, and Italy, and Spain itself, have already begun to feel the effects of the liberty of France on the minds of their subjects. The utmost reach of their policy, or the greatest efforts of their power, will not, perhaps, be long able to defend their prerogatives against the encroachments of that spirit of Freedom, with which, from the example of France, and in spite of every contrivance to extinguish or check it, their subjects have lately begun to be animated.
We are well assured, that the letter signed by Mr. McGillivray, and addressed to the Hon. General Knox, which has recently appeared in several of the newspapers, was never received by that Officer.
PITTSBURGH, August 27.
On Tuesday last, the rear division of troops at this place, amounting to two hundred and sixty men, embarked under the command of Captain Phelan, and immediately proceeded down the river for Head-Quarters—the fleet composed of 12 boats, and rowed with two sets of oars, moved with celerity, and preserving equal given distances, made a handsome appearance.
General Butler and Col. Hodgdon, the Quarter-Master-General, follow the troops this day.
The guards in this town are now mounted from a detachment of militia lying on the opposite Alleghany shore.
We hear that a company of the second U. S. regiment, under the command of Capt. Newman, is expected in town to-morrow.
We are informed by a person immediately from Fort Washington, that the party of men from Kentucky, under the command of Col. Harrison, had returned from their expedition against the Indians living on the Scioto; the particulars of which he is not informed, of, but understood they had been successful.
We are further informed, that another party started on the return of Col. Harrison.
MARYLAND.
BALTIMORE, September 20.
London news-papers, received by the latest arrivals, further advise, that letters from the East-Indies mention, that Lord Cornwallis, with the army under his command, came up with Tippoo Saib, near the Ghauts, killed 8000 of his men, and got possession of that important pass, which gives an easy access into the enemy's country, and opens a way for his army to march to Mangalore—that the British army on this expedition, consists of 23,000 fighting men, and the followers exceed 200,000—that the whole army, in its march, extends, in general, 8 or 9 miles—that if the above intelligence receives confirmation, the war with Tippoo may be considered as at an end, not on account of the loss of 8000 men, for these he could soon replace, but from the impossibility of preserving his country after the British have passed the Ghauts; so that he must either have his country destroyed and his capital taken, or accept such terms of peace as may be offered him—That advices from all parts of Germany seem to confirm the idea of peace being soon established—That it is somewhat remarkable that, notwithstanding all appearances on the Continent, the British naval preparations go on just in the same way, without any relaxation, the impress of sailors daily continuing from the merchant-ships in the Thames—that one hundred and fifty French officers had lately resigned their commissions in the French army—that at Dole, in France, this inscription had been placed on the statue of the King—"Louis XVI. the first and last King of the French!"—that the damage sustained in and near Birmingham, in England, by the inhuman outrages of the populace, in destruction of churches (of the dissenters) dwelling-houses, and other property, is estimated at two hundred thousand pounds at least.
At the celebration of the anniversary of the French revolution, on the 14th of July, in the city of London, amongst the toasts which were drunk on the occasion was—"PRESIDENT WASHINGTON, and the FREE STATES OF AMERICA."
On Sunday last the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES and his LADY arrived in town, from Philadelphia, on their way to Mount-Vernon, and the next morning proceeded on their journey. These personages received such marks of attention as were suitable to the day and occasion, manifesting the sincerest respect and affection.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Birmingham, to his friend at Philadelphia, dated July 19, 1791, received by Capt. Service, via New York.
"You will doubtless have heard of the riot here; be not alarmed: On Sunday last, the 17th instant, several companies of foot and horse soldiers arrived here from head quarters, and all is again peaceable."
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, September 26.
It is said, as the King of France, at the royal chapel, was taking his usual seat, which is decorated with a crown, that the Marquis de la Fayette called out aloud, "That seat is vacant at present, please to take another!"
On Tuesday last The PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES, with his LADY, arrived, in good health, at Mount Vernon.
Last Thursday se'nnight was killed in the city of Washington, in the district of Columbia, by the falling of a tree, in opening one of the streets, Mr. Walter Harson jun. a gentleman of great mechanical ingenuity, and one of the assistants to Mr. Ellicott.
Our last accounts from Fort Pitt are to the 12th inst. at which time no material information had been received from our army at Head-Quarters.—In was then expected they would commence their march for the Indian country in about 14 days.—Col. Harrison had returned from his expedition, but without effecting his object, the Indians having fled before his arrival at their towns.
By a gentleman who arrived in town last evening from Baltimore, we have been favoured with the BALTIMORE JOURNAL of the 23d instant, from which the following interesting intelligence has been extracted.
NEW-LONDON, September 15.
Last Tuesday evening arrived here the brig Three-Brothers, Captain Edgerton, in 20 days from Cape-Francois. In this vessel came Messrs. Ruñan and Fauras, who are deputed from the Assembly at the Cape, to solicit assistance from the United States. They inform, that on the 23d ult. a general insurrection of the NEGROES took place in the quarter of the Cape; that they had destroyed all the plantations by fire—that they massacred, without distinction, every white man in their power—and that the morning this vessel failed, the village of Petit-Acre, within three miles of the Cape, was destroyed—that the Negroes are in immense bodies—that they have cut off all communication with any part of the country—have entirely surrounded the Cape, and are within two miles of it on every quarter—that a general embargo had taken place, and all the sailors were on shore doing military duty—but all the shipping were crowded with women and children, and effects of the inhabitants. Expresses had been sent to Jamaica and the Havanna, to procure assistance.
PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 17.
Extract of a letter from Danville, Kentucky, via Richmond, dated August 22.
"An express from General Wilkinson has this moment reached this place, informing of his success. He has destroyed a large Indian town, situated on the Wabash; also a Kickapoo town, containing about 30 houses, and killed and taken 24 of the enemy. His loss, two men killed and one wounded. I have not as yet heard where the express left him, but expect he has repassed the Ohio before this time."
BALTIMORE, September 23.
Extract of a letter from New-York, dated September 16, at 6 o'Clock, P. M.
"There is certain News in Town, received by Express, that the Mulattoes and Blacks have ravaged the Country for a large Extent round Cape-Francois, burning all the Plantations, and massacring every white Person, far and near; and when the Vessel, which brought the Information, came away, 14 Plantations were then on fire, in sight of the Cape, and all the Vessels embargoed, except the one which brought the News, on board of which came a Person to solicit Assistance from Congress."
A Watch lost.
WAS lost in Martinsburg, some time in August last, a silver cap'd WATCH, cross-bar movement, name and number as follows:
Geo. Marme. Metcalf, London, No. 419. Whoever will return the said Watch, or give such information as the owner may get it again, shall receive a handsome reward, paid by
JOHN GOODING.
Shepherd's Town, Sept. 23, 1791.
A STRAY BULL.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber, about the middle of August last, a small stray BULL, of a red colour, about three years old, has a short slit on his left ear, and is supposed to have belonged to a drove. The owner is desired to come and prove his property, pay the charges, and take him away.
NICHOLAS MINTYRE.
Berkeley-County, Sept. 20 1791.
15 Dollars Reward.
RAN AWAY from the Subscriber, the 16th inst. a negro man named JACOB, about 28 years old, six feet some inches high, of a yellowish complexion, has a scar on his forehead, several about his eyes, and many more on his buttocks, which he received in consequence of his late thefts; he has a sharp nose, fowling look, and is as great a rogue as any in the County. Whoever will take up said negro, if within 10 miles of home, shall have Four Dollars reward—if 20 miles, Eight Dollars—and if at a greater distance, Fifteen Dollars, and all reasonable charges, when brought to Shepherd's-Town, Berkeley-County.
GEORGE REYNOLDS,
September 26, 1791.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
ON PEACE AND RETIREMENT.
HAIL ye soft seats! ye limped springs and floods! Ye flowery meads, ye vales, and mazy woods! Ye limpid streams, that ever murmuring flow! Ye verdant meads, where flowers eternal grow! Ye shady vales, where zephyrs ever play! Ye woods, where little warblers tune their lay! Here grant me Heaven, to end my peaceful days, And seal myself from life by slow decay; With age unknown to pain or sorrow blest'd, To the dark grave retiring as to rest; While gently, with one sigh this mortal frame, Dissolving, turns to ashes whence it came: While my freed soul departs without a groan, And joyful wings her flight to worlds unknown. Ye gloomy grotts, ye awul solemn cells, Where holy, thoughtful, contemplation dwells, Guard me from splendid cares and tiresome state, That pompous misery of being great; Content with ease, ambitious to despise Illustrious vanity, and glorious vice! Come, thou chaste maid, here ever let me stray, While the calm hours steal unperceiv'd away; Here court the muses, while the sun on high Flames in the vault of Heaven, and fires the sky; Or while the night's dark wings this globe surround, And the pale moon begins her solemn round; Bid my free soul to starry orbs repair, Those radiant worlds which float in ambient air, And with a regular confusion stray, Oblique, direct, along the arial way; Or when aurora, from her golden bowers, Exhales the fragrance of the balmy flowers, Reclin'd in silence on a mossy bed, Consult the learned volumes of the dead; Fallen realms and empires in description view, Live o'er past times, and ancient days renew. Thus lonely, thoughtful may I run the race Of transient life, in no unuseful ease? And thou, fair peace, from the wild floods of war, Come dove like, and thy blooming olive bear; Tell me, ye victors what strange charms ye find In conquest, that destruction of mankind! Unenvy'd may your laurels ever grow, That never flourish but in human woe; If never earth the wrath triumphal bears 'Till drench'd in heroes blood, or orphans tears.
A N E C D O T E.
A GENTLEMEN of Angers, who did not trust his memory, and wrote down all that he was to do; wrote in his pocket-book, "Memorandum—That I am to be married when I come to Tours."
By virtue of a Decree of the Court of Berkeley, will be exposed to sale, the third Tuesday in October next, being Court day, that Lot of Land in the Town of Martinsburg, where Mr. Joseph Somerville now dwells, on which is a good Log-House, two story high, with cellar underneath, a kitchen with a convenient cellar under it, a stable, and garden paled in, all in good tenantable repair. Also, two likely female SLAVES (the property of Joseph Somerville) to satisfy James Hendricks (Mortgagee.) JAMES MALESTER, late Sheriff, Berkeley County. August 25th, 1791.
ALL Persons indebted to the Subscriber, are hereby most earnestly solicited to make payment;—and, as an inducement to comply with this request, he will receive merchantable WHEAT at FIVE SHILLINGS, Pennsylvania currency, per bushel, if delivered within one month from this date, at Worthington or Shively's mills:—After which time, those who remain indebted to him, may rely on their several arrearages being immediately demanded in cash.
ALEXANDER ROGERS.
Martinsburg, Sept. 16, 1791.
F O R S A L E,
At PUBLIC AUCTION
On the 4th day of October next, at ten o'clock, (Where twelve months credit will be given) At the plantation of Thomas Crow, near Hall's mill, Cows, Hogs, Farming Utensils, and Household Furniture---Corn on the ground, Hay, and several other articles.
Due attendance will be given by me,
THOMAS CROW.
Sept. 5, 1791.
A GRAMMAR SCHOOL,
WILL be opened in MARTINSBURG, on the 20th of September next, where the Subscriber purposes teaching the Latin and Greek Languages, in the manner practised in Dickinson College, (Carlisle)—Those who favour him with encouragement, may rely upon strict attention being paid, not only to the instruction of the youth committed to his charge in the above-mentioned languages, but also to their manners and morals. The price of tuition at $1. per ann. Subscriptions will be taken in by Mr. ROBERT M'KNIGHT, Martinsburg, and Mr. SAMUEL PORTER, Williamsport.
JOHN M'CORMICK.
August 31, 1791.
Martinsburg Races.
THE RACES at MARTINSBURG, will commence on TUESDAY, the 4th of OCTOBER next, on which day will be run for, over a fine course, near the town, the JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of FORTY GUINEAS, free only for Members of the Club. Heats 4 miles each. Aged horses carrying 126. Six years old 119. Five years old 108. Four years old 98. And three years old a feather.
No horse will be permitted to start unless the rider be dressed in a silk jacket, half boots, and jockey-cap.
A meeting of the Members is desired the day preceding the races, at the house of JAMES GRAHAM. MICHAEL M'KEWAN, Sec.
August 26, 1791.
On Wednesday, the day following, will be run for, over the same ground, a PURSE of THIRTY POUNDS, Maryland currency, three mile heats, free for any horse, mare, or gelding, paying one shilling in the pound, entrance, and carrying weight agreeable to the rules of the JOCKEY CLUB.
And on Thursday following, will be run for, over the same ground, a PURSE of TWENTY POUNDS of the above currency, free for any horse, mare, or gelding, except the horses winning the two preceding days—two mile heats—paying entrance and carrying weight as above.
The horses to be entered with WILLIAM SKINNER and ROBERT M'KNIGHT, on the day preceding each race, or double entrance will be demanded.
On Friday, the day following, will be run for, over the same ground, a handsome Sweepstakes, free for any horse, mare, or gelding, except such as have won some one of the purses—one mile heats—with a catch upon each.
WILLIAM SKINNER, ROBERT M'KNIGHT, DAVID WOLGAMOTT.
At a Court of Quarter Sessions, held for BERKELEY COUNTY, the 16th day of August, 1791.
WILLIAM MUNFORD, Compt. vs. MARTIN KERSHNER, Deft. In Chancery.
THE Defendant not having entered his appearance agreeable to an Act of Assembly, and according to the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that he is no inhabitant of this County: On the motion of the Complainant, by his Council, Ordered, That the said Defendant do appear here on the third Tuesday of November next, to answer the bill of the Complainant, and that a copy of this Order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Gazette for two months successively, and published at the Church in the Parish of Norborne, in the County aforesaid, on some Sunday after divine service, and also at the Court-House door of the said County.
A copy. Teste. MOSES HUNTER, C. B. C.
Robinson, Sanderson and Co.
Have just received per the Ship LANCASTER, Capt. BROWN, from WHITEHAVEN,
A large and general ASSORTMENT of
FALL GOODS,
Which are now opening at Their Warehouse on PRINCE-STREET, ALEXANDRIA,
And will be ready for sale, by the Piece or Package only, in a few days.
Alexandria, 25th August, 1791.
N. B. The arrival of those GOODS, they hope will enable their Friends to lay in their supplies early, which is a very great advantage.
They expect another vessel in the course of a month or five weeks, with a further assortment of Fall Goods. R. S. & Co.
A Mill for sale.
BY Virtue of a Decree of the Court of BERKELEY County, and State of VIRGINIA, will be exposed to sale by PUBLIC VENDUE, upon the first day of February next, if fair, if not the next fair day, a MERCHANT-MILL, with the Lot, Premises, and Buildings thereunto belonging, late the property of HENRY COOKCUS, deceased, and now in the possession of CHRISTIAN ORENDORF.
Also, the Stone Dwelling-House, and Ground-Rents of the said estate, late of the said COOKCUS, deceased, all situate in Shepherd's-Town, in the County and State aforesaid.
The terms of sale will be, one third part of the purchase money to be paid in twelve months from the day of sale, one other third part within two years after the day of sale, and the remaining third part within three years after the day of sale.
By order of the Court.
JOHN KEARSELEY, HENRY BEDINGER. } Trustees.
BERKELEY COUNTY, July 25, 1791.
6m.
To be sold, by the Subscriber, 140 Acres of Land
IN BERKELEY COUNTY,
Within 4 miles of Shepherd's-Town, about 60 acres of which are now under improvement; on which is a new square LOG-HOUSE, and the fence in good repair.
All persons indebted to the Estate of ROBERT BUCKLES, senior, deceased, are requested to make payment; and those who have any demands against the same, are likewise requested to bring them in, as an immediate settlement of the above estate is intended.
WILLIAM BUCKLES, Executor.
Copper and Tin WARE, &c.
THE Subscriber, in the most respectful Manner, informs the Public in general, and the Inhabitants of Martinsburg and its Vicinity in particular, that he intends to commence Business in the COPPER and TIN LINE, near the Bridge in the said Town, on the first of August next, where they may be furnished, at the shortest Notice, and most reasonable Terms, with COPPER and TIN WARE, of every Description; and hopes, from the Goodness of his Work and Moderation of his Prices, to merit the Patronage of a GENEROUS PUBLIC—and is their devoted humble Servant,
WILLIAM CLEMM.
N. B. He still continues to carry on both Branches of Business, as usual at his SHOP, in Baltimore, where People may, at all Times, be supplied with every Article in either Line, as above.—Also, with Sheet-Copper, raised Copper-Bottoms, Tin-Plates in Boxes, Pig and Sheet Brass, India Spelter, Spelter-Solder, Sheet-Iron, Pig and Bar Lead, Iron-Wire assorted, and Black-Lead Crucibles from No. 6 to 25. Country-Produce, or approved Paper, will be received in payment for any of the above Articles, at the highest Rate.
The highest Price will be allowed, at both his Shops, in Cash, or new Work given in exchange for OLD COPPER, BRASS, PEWTER, or LEAD.
Baltimore July 29, 1791.
LOST, on Friday evening, the 29th July, on the road between Shepherd's-Town and George Tabler's Ford on Opeckon, a SILVER WATCH with china face, single steel chain, plain seal. Two DOLLARS REWARD will be given to any person who will deliver said Watch to HENRY BEDINGER, of Shepherd's-Town, or to the subscriber.
ROBERT CREIGHTON.
Berkeley-County, August 13, 1791.
ANY person wanting to hire a good Saddle Horse, may be supply'd on application at the Printing-Office.
A few Tickets in Mr. T. WHITE'S Lottery, are for sale at the Printing-Office.
Any Gentleman wanting a rider at the ensuing Martinsburg Races, may hear of a person of a suitable weight, and who practised the business many years in Ireland, by applying to the Printer hereof.
** Cash given for clean Linen or Cotton Rags, at this Office.