The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1792-07-31 00:00:00

Foreign Advices.
By Paris Papers down to the 17th of MAY, which have been received at Philadelphia, the following particulars of the unfortunate defeat of the French troops near Tournay, and Mons, are extracted.
NATIONAL LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY.
Thursday, May 3.
The following letter was presented by the minister of War.
Valenciennes, May 2.
I HAVE the honor to inform you, that in consequence of the orders addressed to me, on the part of the king, I have been employed at Quievrain near Quievrain, with the division, the return of which I annex. I made myself master of Quievrain without opposition on the 29th, and left there a battalion of National Guards, and I marched towards Mons in three columns—that to the right passing by Quievrain, with orders to join me towards Orun—that to the left passing by Crepin, to join at the same place. I reached Boufflers without meeting any one, except some travellers, who told me of a great movement of the Austrian troops. The advanced guard of the hussars were fired upon by the Houlans and Tirelian chasseurs, at the end of the village of Boufflers; several hussars were killed, and M. Caffane, lieutenant colonel of the regiment of hussars, having had his horse shot, was taken prisoner, I dispersed the Houlans by some discharges of cannon, and continued the march. I found a more considerable body before the barrier of Orun, supported by a body of chasseurs, who fired upon me for a long time, and whom I several times silenced by discharges of artillery. I could see clearly that the heights before Mons were occupied by a very considerable body of troops, and that that of Borreumont, by which I was to attack Mons, appeared to be entrenched and furnished with batteries. This position, of the greatest advantage, it was easy to defend by fresh troops, against troops fatigued, and not finding in mine, worn out by the heat, all the strength indispensable to such an attack, I thought it advisable to give them a little repose, and to wait for some positive intelligence from Mons, which I had reason to expect. The enemy that I could see was more numerous than me, made some manoeuvres, which announced the intention to turn my right. I employed myself to prevent this, and to strengthen it by several detachments advantageously posted. I took a position and M. Berthier, as well as myself, thought that that of the Austrians was unattackable, and that I could not attempt it without endangering the loss of all the party under my orders; but he thought, as well as me, that I could wait without danger the news of the attack towards Tournay. About five in the evening the enemy attacked a part of my right at the village of Vannes, guarded by four companies of grenadiers, and a piquet of cavalry. M. Gigault, captain of the 49th regiment, manœuvred with equal skill and address, and repulsed the Austrians with the loss of 10 or 12 men, and had himself but one man wounded. Some of my posts were continually changing fire with the Tirelian chasseurs, but in this I did not lose a man—I killed several with discharges of artillery.
At length I received information from the Marshal de Rochambeau of the defeat of the body of French troops sent against Tournay, and I determined forthwith to retire, but this I could not do, as the troops were exhausted with fatigue and want of refreshment. We had not been able to prevent the soldiers, harassed by the heat, to throw away almost all their bread. The horses had no forage. I had not been joined by the moveable hospital that was destined for me. I saw the innumerable dangers of a retreat by night, undertaken by exhausted troops before fresh troops. I determined, therefore, to give some hours of repose to mine, and to try to procure refreshment both for the men and horses. Towards ten o'clock at night I saw the 5th and 6th regiments of dragoons mounted on horseback, without having given any order and going with precipitation towards the left of the camp, where they formed into a column, I pursued them with the utmost speed, and demanded the reason of a movement so extraordinary. I was carried along with the column in trying to stop them, and which were in a quick trot, and crying out that they were betrayed. I went with them more than a league without being able to make them obey me. I succeeded at length—I drew them up in a plain between Boufflers and Orun. I made them ashamed of this dis-
graceful conduct; and, except about 30 or 40, I led them back to the camp. M. Dampierre had kept the greatest part of his regiment, the 5th dragoons. The defectors went all the way to Valenciennes, crying that they had been betrayed and that I had deserted to Mons. I cannot penetrate the mystery of this alarm; I only know, without knowing why, that the dragoons had been induced to mount by saying, that there was a large body of the cavalry of the enemy in the camp. The 30th, at break of day, I began my retreat, and I gave the command of my rear guard to Major General Rochambeau, and under his orders to M. Froissy, Colonel of the 3d regiment.
I cannot speak too highly of the firm and intelligent conduct of M. Rochambeau, and I find some consolation in saying publicly, that I owe to him and M. Froissy the happiness of having secured my retreat as far as Quievrain, without loss. I arrived at Quievrain with the head of the rear guard, and there found M. Fleury; I left him there and I conducted the army to their ancient camp at Quievrain. They had not all arrived there when the battalion of National Guards, who covered Quievrain were dispossessed of their post by the Houlans, who came up within pistol shot of a part of their camp.
The troops there began to fire; but in a very disorderly manner, and without effect, the Houlans retiring. M. Fleury marched the 68th regiment, to take possession of Quievrain, but notwithstanding his intrepidity, having his horse shot under him, and wounded himself, he could not accomplish his purpose. The disorder increased in the line, and the soldiers who were out of the action wished to return to Valenciennes. I believed that the only means of not losing the camp was to attack Quievrain a second time, and to keep it at any price. I led myself the 49th regiment of infantry, which after prodigies of valour made themselves masters of Quievrain, and drove out the enemy, but it was necessary to give them succour to keep it. I had then reason to hope that I was able to preserve my camp, and that as we should not have the grief to abandon it to the enemy, I hastened to find two battalions of infantry to conduct to Quievrain; but I found them so exhausted with fatigue, that it was impossible to carry them, and I returned to find the brave 49th regiment with which I returned to Valenciennes after all the army. It was thought that what had happened at Lille might happen at Valenciennes.
I thought it my duty to employ my remaining strength to avert these evils, and to withdraw myself from the justice or the fury of the people and the soldiery, all the anger of whom was directed against the general officers.
I went directly and alone to the Hotel de Ville, to unite myself with the administrative bodies to maintain order, that which we could scarcely hope to do, I received consoling marks of esteem from the inhabitants, and but with much difficulty I obtained attention by the troops. It was of the utmost importance to relieve Valenciennes from the number of troops that had taken shelter there, some of which would not withdraw. We have succeeded, and every thing is quiet. The enemy has lost by the firing more than we have done, but we have lost a number by hunger and fatigue.
I learned on entering Valenciennes, that Marshal de Rochambeau had posted himself, with some squadrons on the heights of St. Sauve. I went there to receive his orders, and was directed by him to clear Valenciennes; the previous steps that I had taken to that being approved of by him.
Our camp was pillaged by the Houlans—Our Camp equipage and effects were lost. I shall give you in a few days a more particular detail. I shall remain with M. de Rochambeau as long as he shall think me useful. I have nothing to reproach myself with, and I do not believe that any one will attack my conduct. But if there shall be excited the smallest suspicion of blame, I shall demand eagerly to be tried by a court martial, and at any rate, I cannot continue to serve but as a soldier, as long as my country shall continue in danger.
I shall have the honour to give you a more particular account of our loss than I have yet been able to ascertain. I ought to tell you, that I found the country entirely declared against us; not one patriot gave us intelligence, not one joined us, not one defector came in. Our misfortunes ought not to hinder me from doing justice to the valour and judgment of M. Bauhornois, whose indefatigable activity was very useful to me. I must also give the most favourable accounts of Messrs. Froissy and Pentavice, as well as of Messrs. Proust and Levasseur, the latter of whom is wounded. M. Dubach, an officer of artillery, of the highest character, is slightly wounded in the arm.
I do not know a company of grenadiers braver, firmer, or who submit to the orders they receive with more promptitude, than the Second of the Department of Paris.
I wished to have given you a more regular
account, but I am exhausted with fatigue and chagrin.
Messrs. Charters and Montpensier (sons of the Duke of Orleans) went with me as volunteers, and stood for the first time firing seriously, which they did with the greatest steadiness.
(Signed)
BIRON.
P. S. This letter, begun yesterday, was interrupted by the necessity of employing myself in maintaining the peace of the city.
MAY 4.
M de MOURIER, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, read the following letter from M. ROCHAMBEAU to the KING, dated Valenciennes, April 29.
SIR,
I am greatly concerned to announce to you the ill success of the Ministers, and the instructions which accompanied them, unanimously determined in the Council, to march the 29th of this month into the territories of the King of Hungary. The difference of the instructions hereto annexed, one of the 17th, which I had seen before my departure, and which I brought with me; the other of the 22d, which I received thirty hours after my arrival, will prove to your Majesty the temerity and want of judgment in that measure.
I had only to obey these positive orders, and I had at least the merit, as well as they who have seconded me, as your Majesty will perceive in the detail of my journal, of having removed the obstacles, which this commencement of the campaign fifteen days sooner than had been previously agreed upon presented in all the details of administration. M. Biron after taking possession of Quievrain on the 28th, advanced on the morning of the 29th to present himself before Mons, the orders and instructions of our Ministers having been addressed to him directly for that purpose. I subjoin the letter which he sent me. M. Berthier, an eye-witness, will explain particulars to your Majesty. He has informed me that M. Biron intended to fall back in the evening towards Quievrain. M. Dillon left Lisle on the 28th, with the intention of appearing before Tournay early on the 29th. M. de Aumont having received decisive directions from your Majesty's Ministers, will doubtless inform you what has this day passed. I can only send you a copy of the letter which I have received from M. Chaumont, the Adjutant General. At the same juncture M. Delbeag was to set out from Dunkirk to present himself before Furnes, from which quarter I have as yet received no intelligence. Not to trouble your Majesty with details, I preserve minutes of the ministerial letters, each succeeding one more urgent than the former; of those particularly from the Minister for Foreign Affairs, both to me and to M. Biron, which will prove that my representations have not been attended to for a moment, and that whatever information I gave on the subject of my not seeing any disposition on the part of the Austrian troops to come over to us, these gentlemen have thought proper to give credit in preference to other letters. M. Biron, who has been in view of them for two days, advises that he has seen neither emigrants nor defector, nor even Brabantine emigrants. I am, &c.
P. S. M. Biron, by a second Aid-de-Camp, informs me verbally, that after having well examined his position, he shall pass the night in it, and retire to-morrow, if the enemy persist in keeping their forces on the heights before Mons.
The Minister then read a
Second Letter from M. Rochambeau to the King.
SIRE,
I request your Majesty to be pleased to cause the letter I had the honor to write to you to be printed, if you have not sent it to the National Assembly; I consider its being made public as indispensable to the good of the service of the State, and of your Majesty, which are inseparable.
I am, &c.
P. S. M. Biron has been retiring since 6 in the morning to Quievrain, in good order. We hear the report of the cannon of the rear guard. The columns are marching in the best order, according to my information, from Quievrain.
Ten at Night. I am sorry to inform your Majesty, that this corps has just re-entered Valenciennes, after suffering nearly the same misfortunes as that from Lille. I am marching to the heights of Sainte-Sauve, with the few troops I have here to cover their retreat. I have no means of encamping them, as we have no more tents. I leave them at Valenciennes, which they crowd, and go with some troops to occupy the heights of the Borg of Sainte-Sauve, on the road to Mons. I have seen nothing like what I now see; and I hope your Majesty will relieve me from seeing such sights long. All these disasters will destroy confidence; nothing is now talked of but treachery. With respect to discipline, it is no more thought of. In this crisis the troops, it is true, had much to suffer; but I must leave to M. Biron, the narrative of these melancholy details.

I have lost, Sire, the confidence of the army. Your Majesty knows whether or not I have deserved it, and whether or not I am the cause of this internal stroke. M. Biron was the actor of it, according to orders from your Council. Under every point of view it is indispensable to relieve me as soon as possible. The Generals who are here are in the same situation.
(Signed)
ROCHAMBEAU."
The National Assembly having heard a letter read from the Municipality of Valenciennes, expressing the confidence which the citizens and the army have professed in M. Rochambeau, resolves, that mention shall be made in the minutes, of the satisfaction with which the reading of this letter was heard by the Assembly, and passes to the order of the day.
PARIS, May 17.
The Marechal Luckner has set off for the northern army: We are, however, assured that he does not go to command there instead of M. de Rochambeau. Some say he will go to Strasburg after having fulfilled the generous object of his mission, for which he has received the thanks of the nation. [This we conceive and hope, implies, that he is gone to endeavour to prevail on M. Rochambeau not to insist on resigning.] Some are of opinion, that if he imagines any mode of attack likely of being successful against Mons, he will conduct the expedition.
Extract of a letter from the Camp of Tiercelet. [a Camp of one of the Divisions of La Fayette's Army] dated May 4.
The imagination of moderate men cannot conceive the situation of affairs here now. It is no longer a want of discipline that we should complain—that word does not convey the idea. We are in the last stage of political dissolution. If what befel M. Theobald Dillon and the Austrian prisoners, is not sufficient to convince you, behold an army, in cool blood, and without a shadow of reason, attempting to hang their General in the centre of the camp, who owes his life to the grenadier company of the regiment of Armagnac.
Observe at the same time M. Oberlin, Lt. Col. of Hussars, attempted to be murdered by the discharge of 300 muskets. Observe a private of the National Guards, about to be proclaimed Commander in Chief of this army. This rebellion is quelled; but the principles that led to it are working, and the very first opportunity they will again shew themselves. M. de Ricce convinced that his talents and patriotism are unequal to the task of commanding under such circumstances, has sent his resignation to the Minister of War. It is probable that M. M. de Crillon and de Wimpfen, will also retire, having been witnesses to this scene.
[The Editor of the Paris paper adds: "Since the 4th of May, circumstances appear to have changed; and it is to be presumed, that, by wise laws, and a strict observance of them, we may succeed in restoring discipline to the army, and in saving France."]
[The following contains a circumstantial account of the disturbances above alluded to.]
Letter from M. de Ricce, Commander in the Camp of Tiercelet, in the absence of M. M. Crillon, jun. and Felix de Wimpfen, to the Minister of War.
May 3, 1792.
SIR,
It is with sincere regret that I have to communicate to you an event which must give you pain.—On the 1st of May, at 6 in the Evening, I was informed that the camp was in great ferment. On coming there, I found the carriage of M. Oberlin, first Lt. Col. of the first regiment of Hussars, stopped and surrounded by about 12 or 1500 soldiers. They all believed, or feigned to believe, that it belonged to some emigrant. After several attempts I succeeded in making myself heard: I shewed them the proprietor of the coach who serves under me.
I told them, that the law did not authorise soldiers to search carriages belonging to travellers, much less that of an officer of the army; that I did not with myself considered as an inspector of goods, or they as inspectors under me, that our country called us to an higher office; and that being chosen to enforce obedience to the law, we ought to shew our respect for it. My address had no effect on them. One of the crowd accused me of giving orders to withdraw a few men in an advanced post in the morning. I renewed my efforts to be heard, and told them, in a decisive tone, that I owed no account of my conduct to those whose duty it was to obey me; that I had superiors to whom I was ready to account; that if I had lost the confidence, I was ready to resign the command, as I could not be useful in the station I filled without implicit obedience from those under me; and that if any one was ambitious of filling my place, he should present himself, if he dared.
M. d'Oberlin requested my leave to suffer his carriage to be searched. I said it would be to their shame and our shame. They interpreted these words into permission and searched the carriage. In the mean time an orator came forward, addressed him in language as improper as the scene that was acting. I withdrew for a few moments: part of the crowd followed me, the remainder surrounded M. d'Oberlin. I was scarcely at the distance of twenty steps when I heard guns firing. I ordered to arms, and was informed, that the motion having been made to hang this officer because they discovered livery lace in his carriage, he had found means to escape, as they were about to seize him, and upwards of 200 muskets were levelled and fired at him; none of which, however, did him any injury.
I must also inform you, Sir, that a number of motions were made, to make an attempt on me, and that I also ran some danger after calling to arms.—Having at last succeeded in restoring tranquillity, I expressed a wish to resign the command in the hands of M. de Gaston, colonel of the 54th regiment, the oldest; but the reiterated refusals to accept it, have obliged me to keep it, much against my will 'till the arrival of some other general officer. I am of opinion that it is impossible to serve the country any longer in the field, except as a private.
I know, Sir, that I might have absolutely forbid the carriage being searched; but being not far distant from the enemy, I feared to see my camp divided, least in the confusion this must have occasioned, they should attack us.
I owe much to the good conduct of the 6th regiment.
I enclose a copy of the letter I wrote to the several regiments the day after this event took place.—Deputations then came to confess their wrongs; but I have answered, that I persist in my resolution to retire.
Copy of the letter written by M. de Ricce to the soldiers of the division under his command.
MAY 2d.
SOLDIERS,
The event of yesterday is a sufficient proof, that I have not been able to secure your confidence; and without confidence, a commander cannot direct the motions of an army. I have witnessed a breach of the law,—that law which we are armed to defend, and which you have sworn to defend. I was unable to prevent this breach, notwithstanding my efforts; and I have reflected, that since my voice was not heard, when speaking in the name of the nation who has made the law, I could not expect it would, when I should need all your confidence to support me.
Deeply affected, yet having nothing to reproach myself with, I have written to the commander in chief to send hither another general officer, and on his arrival I shall give up the command.—In the mean time I shall preserve my station, since honor demands it, and your safety may require it.
One may become more useful in doing duty as a private than by commanding those, whose want of confidence may prompt them at any moment to disobey legal authority. May the commander who shall fill my place, find in you those sentiments which it was my ambition to deserve! May his activity, his zeal, his love of his country, be better known than mine! May the sorrow I have felt on your account, to forget which I would sacrifice several years of my existence, prompt you to a sincere change of disposition, and may you become sensible of the danger to which want of confidence exposes an army! To avoid betraying, they betray themselves, and in studying safety, risk a defeat. No longer expose yourselves to such danger and let not the troops, which should be the safeguard and glory of France, by want of discipline, become its ruin—These are my wishes.
From a Paris Paper of the 15th May.
ROCHAMBEAU'S ARMY.
From Valenciennes, May 11.
M. le Marechal de Rochambeau is informed, only through the medium of the public prints, that his resignation has been accepted by the King, and that M. Marthal Luckner is to succeed him. No official dispatch has yet reached him on this head, so that his whole army, who love him, and whose confidence he perfectly commands, are in a state of anxious expectation. It can't be said that the General partakes of this anxiety; his care and activity, tho' on the eve of retiring, are, if any thing, encreased. His successor cannot proceed more wisely, prudently and vigorously. Yet the enemy informed of our divisions, of the affronts the General has met with, and of the discontent shewn by part of the troops, appear disposed to bear hard on the northern army. A body of 15 or 18000 men is collecting on this side of Mons. General Bender and Prince Saxe-Teschen are to command it. They now and then venture to make trifling incursions in our territory; but the cordon of our troops has constantly driven them back, with loss on their side.
M. de Noailles commands this cordon, which is composed of three regiments of Chasseurs, on horseback, of the 14th regiment of dragoons, one of hussars of Esterhazy, and of a few companies of grenadiers of the line and national troops. They are perfectly well disciplined, shew the greatest zeal and incredible activity. The remainder of the troops are anxious to retrieve their character.
P. S. In this situation of a diabolical intrigue—It is decided; M. Servans, Minister of War has this day notified the Marthal, that M. de Luckner will speedily be here.
Every thinking man here accuses the Ministry with the misfortunes which France has suffered in the outset of the war. Their plan of operations as indirectly conceived as it was prematurely executed—without concert—without intelligence of the condition of the enemy—without having provided for their own armies the necessary supplies—has brought upon them the just odium of the reflecting part of the community, but they have not failed in their turn, by all the journalists devoted to their cause, to create a division in their favor by calumnies on the court faction. Accordingly we have had a story of a pretended discovery of a treasonable correspondence between the King and M. de Rochambeau, and that the Minister at War gained possession of a letter, which laid open the arts practiced to counteract the plans of Council. They have been challenged to bring this to light—They have been
called upon to accuse the Austrian Committee to which they incessantly speak, but no accusation has been made.
By the latest accounts from Givet, dated May 6, the army of M. la Fayette remained encamped upon the ground; the advanced posts had penetrated six or seven leagues into the Austrian territory, every where the enemy had retreated before them. A few prisoners had been taken off, and that they should be treated in the same manner, according to their rank, as if they belonged to the French army; only that they should not be allowed to quit the fortress of Givet, in which they were confined.
All the events of war have hitherto turned out differently from the expectation. Instead of repulse and loss, the National Assembly had calculated that Rochambeau would, by this time, have been in possession of the greatest part of the Austrian Netherlands. On the other hand, nothing was immediately expected from Luckner's army; yet it is the only one that has been successful. Marthal Luckner is now master of the defiles of Porentrui, and of the whole district, which was abandoned by the Austrians.
As soon as General de Perrieres appeared upon the heights, before Porentrui, the Chief Burgomaster shewed himself upon the walls of the fort, displaying a red bonnet, upon the end of a pole, as a token of friendship and devotion to the cause of liberty. The gates were immediately opened, and the French received with shouts of acclamation.—They were joined by about two hundred and fifty deserters.
LONDON, May 15.
Extract of a letter from a correspondent at Paris.
The King has made another attempt to escape. He has written a letter to Marthal Rochambeau in his own name, countermanding the orders of the Minister at War, and ordering him not to attack the Austrians if he thought he was likely to gain any advantage over them. Rochambeau is an obsequious servant of the King, but he did not understand this message; he thought it was some trick put upon him by the Minister of War with whom he is at variance, and returned the letter to him, desiring an explanation. The Minister, astonished and enraged, instantly waited upon the King, and desired to know what this meant. The King in a fury attempted to force the letter from him. "No, says De Graves, you shall only have it with my life; if I am impeached by the Assembly for the ill success of my measures, upon this will rest my defence." The fact is, that the King is a spy upon all measures of the Council; he transmits their plans regularly to the Austrians, and De Grave told him the proofs were well known. Frightened at this information, he was determined to flee once more. He was to have set out last Wednesday night for Havre, and to have taken shipping for Ostend. But the Committee of Inspection, and the Ministers knew of every thing; the latter waited upon him in a body, and advised him, if he valued life, to remain where he was; he took their advice, and the matter was hushed up.
The discovery which we mentioned on Saturday to be made in Paris respecting the King of France, has occasioned great consternation among the best friends of that Kingdom. His Majesty's pressing to have the plans for the army's movements formed in his cabinet, contrary to the Secretary of War's suggestions, as to the impossibility of accommodating them to the exigency of the movement, excited uncommon suspicions and speculation.
Extract of a letter from Paris dated May 9.
"A report is in circulation here, said to come by way of Vienna, of a Revolution in Russia, of which the Empress was the victim; it was added, that when this news came away, the parties of the Grand Duke and Dutchess were at blows to determine which should seize and dispose of the throne."
The Queen of Portugal is better (May 21) though mending very slowly. Her age, which is near three score; her habits, sedentary and dull; her temper, sadly superstitious; all are against her.
Lands in America.—A number of gentlemen are speculating on estates in that country;—seeing there is an equal government and laws operating peaceably.
EDINBURGH, May 12.
By a ship arrived at Leith this forenoon, we received advice, just as our paper was going to press, that the Empress of Russia is dead.—Further particulars we have not yet received.
A report is also current, that the Duke of Sudermania, and the Noblemen highest in Council, had been shot at Stockholm.
BELFAST, May 12. The Paris prints state, that the King of the French has written to the King of Great-Britain a confidential letter to be communicated by his new Ambassador, Mons. Chauvelin, in which he solicits the friendship and alliance of the British Monarch, in the war which he has professedly undertaken in support of the peace, liberty, and happiness of mankind—in a cause so honourable to human nature, we wish him every success.
United States.
BOSTON, July 3.
Assassinations have not stopped in Sweden—an English paper of May 22, announces the confirmation of the report of the assassination of the Duke de Sudermania—Regent of Sweden.
A gentleman immediately from Europe, assures us that the actions fought by the Austrians and French

in Flanders were no farther prejudicial to the latter than as they gave occasion for the cruel massacre of General Dillon, and two or three other officers.
A gentleman from Ireland, has given it as his unprejudiced opinion that a complete Revolution, in favor of the liberties of the people, will take place in Ireland in less than two years.
THE PRESENT WAR IN EUROPE.
ON THE PART OF FRANCE
400,000 FREEMEN—led by Patriot-Generals—fighting for the cause of Universal Liberty, the equal rights of men, their wives, their children, and all they hold dear—patriotically in conscious rectitude—encouraged by the good wishes of mankind—and animated with the smiles of Heaven!
ON THE PART OF AUSTRIA.
250,000 Austrian, 50,000 Prussian, 15,000 Electoral, 20,000 Swedish, 20,000 Russian, 20,000 Spanish slaves—commanded by the Paricides of arbitrary Courts—stimulated by a desperate set of runaway Frenchmen—fighting (if they do fight) to rivet more firmly the chains of their fathers, brethren and friends—against every principle of conscious rectitude (if any they can be suspected of)—and for a paltry six pence per day—Agitated by distrust—depressed by the habits of slavery—and instigated by the devil himself.
From this view of the two pictures—and truth marks the lines—can Americans entertain a doubt, whose crest will bear the palm of victory?
NEW HAVEN, (Connecticut) June 27.
On the 23d inst. the meeting-house in New-town was removed about 8 rods; the removal was effected in one hour and an half, after previous preparations for the purpose had been made. The House is between 70 and 80 feet long, and about 50 feet wide, with a steeple at one end: the whole of which was removed entire, without the least injury to any part.
PHILADELPHIA, July 24.
The report of the capture of Seringapatam appears to be a fabrication. The London Gazette of May 18th contains official dispatches from India, which give but little more than what we heard by vessels directly from India.
According to letters from London, there is every reason to believe that the court party were determined, if possible, to hunt Mr. Paine out of England, and that as the first step, the prosecution of him for a libel was in agitation.
Accounts down to the last of May received from Londonderry, by the ship Mary, Capt. CAMPBELL, arrived at Baltimore, represent Ireland as at the eve of a Revolution. The Catholics and Dissenters having joined interest in the common cause, the recovery of usurped rights. The above vessel brings 250 passengers. It was expected that from eight to ten thousand persons would leave that one port for different parts of America, during the present season.
His Excellency GEORGE CLINTON, Esq. on the 2d inst. was qualified into office as Governor of the state of New-York; and the day following elected President of the Society of the Cincinnati in that state.
BALTIMORE, July 24.
A late European News-Paper states as an important fact, that Russia and Prussia mean to attack Poland to destroy its new Constitution.
In consequence of the Measures lately pursued by the Executive of the United States it is thought a Treaty, for the Establishment of Peace, will speedily take place between the Western Indians and these States.
European News Papers, received by the latest Arrivals further advise, That in the extraordinary Sitting of the Diet of Poland, on the 21st of April, the King imparted to the States the Despatches he received from his Minister at Petersburg, which state, that the Polish Malcontents received there every Month considerable sums of money, and that three Russian Generals were appointed to invade Poland with 60,000 Russians.
DUMFRIES, July 5.
We learn from Kentucky, that Col. Harding with some other persons, who were sent to treat with the Indians, were on their arrival at the villages, treated with the utmost contempt; that on hoisting a flag, the Indians appeared at a distance and fired about 500 guns over them, and would by no means listen to their proposals, but declared a continuance of the war, and refused to exchange prisoners.
MARTINSBURG, JULY 31.
The war in which the French nation is now engaged, is a war the most interesting to human nature of any that has heretofore been entered into. It is a struggle to rescue millions of mankind from oppression, and restore them to the enjoyment of property, liberty and life. The poor subjects of Germany, whose lives have heretofore been disposed of to gratify the avarice and ambition of their Princes, may now have an opportunity of releasing themselves from that poverty and despotism which they have so long laboured under; and, we flatter ourselves, that the war will be conducted with justice, humanity and benevolence, towards those much injured people; that the light of reason will shine forth amongst them; that they will begin to view themselves as a part of the great family of human nature, who are entitled to the enjoyment of
liberty; and no longer subject themselves to a servile dependence on a few ignorant despots, who hardly deserve the name of men.
To the honour of the French nation, let it be said, that they go to war from no pecuniary motives whatever, but to preserve those principles of liberty and justice, which they have achieved by actions the most heroic, and perseverance the most wonderful in the annals of the world. The interference of that magnanimous nation in support of American liberty, must be recent in the minds of every American—and a favorable termination of their present contest, must be the hearty wish of every friend of mankind."
Friday last, the rifle company under the command of Capt. Stephenson, presented to a very numerous and respectable collection of ladies and gentlemen, a very pleasing military exhibition, in a well chosen grove adjoining Shepherd's Town :—The company was detached in two divisions, one in their uniforms, commanded by Capt. Stephenson, the other dressed and painted in the Indian mode, commanded by Lieut. Glynn. The two parties having their spies out, a discovery was made of the approach of the opponents—an advance immediately commencing on both sides, the conflict began, when the most masterly evolutions and firings were displayed—the Indian party skulking from tree to tree, in their native covert the woods, while the other continued the charge, surrounding and harassing them.—Perhaps it would not be possible more exactly to copy the attire, paint, scull or whoop of the aborigines.—The day was favourable, the scene so judiciously and seasonably changed, as both to surprize and delight; while the good conduct of both officers and soldiers, was strikingly conspicuous.
Capt. Stephenson's company, we are informed, will march in a few days for Fort-Pitt.—Without ostentation we can assert, that this company promises fair not to be excelled in point of discipline or appearance, by any one, not longer inlisted, which may assemble at the general rendezvous.
There are now Two Governors in New-York, say the writers in the papers of that state—Mr. Jay, Governor by the people, and Mr. Clinton, Governor by the Law.
A fire broke out in the town of Washington, in North-Carolina, on the 27th ult. which burnt nearly half the town—the lots in houses, goods, &c. is said to be very considerable.
Mr. Cox, the artist, was in Ireland, the 6th of April last, and in high reputation, continually receiving applications for building bridges, and performing other efforts of enterprize. He was then contemplating the construction of a dam for the Grand Canal Company, and has offers to engage in the building of two large bridges, one 2000, and another 700 feet long—the timber to be the production of the American soil. The account, published some time since, of his being engaged in levelling the monument, in London, was not authentic—the above is.
Extract from the Constitution or Form of Government for the State of Kentucky.
"Sec. 7. That Printing Presses shall be free to every person who undertakes to examine the proceedings of the legislature or any branch of government; and no law shall ever be made to restrain the right thereof. The free communication of thoughts and opinions is one of the invaluable rights of man, and every citizen may freely speak, write and print on any subject, being responsible for the abuse of that liberty."
"Sec. 8. In prosecutions for the publication of papers, investigating the official conduct of officers or men in a public capacity, or where the matter published is proper for public information, the truth thereof may be given in evidence.—And in all indictments for libels, the jury shall have a right to determine the law and the facts, under the direction of the court as in other cases."
AUSSERORNDLICHE NEUIGKEIT.
Früh Morgens am Donnerstag erschien vor dem Hause des Martinburg Huren Verschaffers, (in Bildness) ein Schwartz gekleidet erwundiger alter Mann, mit einen Brief, gesagt, von den Vatter dieses unverschämten Pimp, welcher ihm ernstlich vermahner, mit Vaterlicher Liebe, von den in fahmen Gewerbe abzu stehen, mit welchen er sich kurzlich abgegeben, und wo möglich wenn er nicht alles Gefühl verlohren seine so sehr, mit Recht aufgebrachte Einwohner dieser Stadt abzubitten, welche allgemein dieses infame Geschäft verabscheuen, als Sie die Schlechte Creatur thun der ihm dazu gebracht hat, und wünschen dass er den aus narren stutz tragenden flur, welcher so lange das Geschlechter der Stadt war abzulegen, weil Sie von seiner Aufführung überzeugt sind, dass er es nicht als Trauer für Seine verstorbene Gattin trägt.
TRANSLATION.
INTELLIGENCE EXTRAORDINARY!
Early on Thursday morning last, appeared before the door of the Martinburg PROCURER, a venerable old gentleman (in figgy ) clad in black, bearing a letter, said to be from the father of his insignificant PIMP, exhorting him with the most parental affection to relinquish the dirty employment he has lately been engaged in—and, if possible, make some atonement to his justly incensed townsmen, who as universally despise the practice as they do the creature who has been engaged in it.
CAME to my Plantation, the first instant, a black COW, with both ears crop'd, has some white in her forehead. The owner is desired to come, prove his property, pay charges, and take her away.
JOHN EVANS, jun.
July 30, 1792.
To be sold, for ready money,
On the first day of the Court to be holden for Hardy county, in August next, at the Court House in Morefield, by virtue of a decree of said Court,
A House and Two Lots of Land; situate in the town of Morefield, the property of William Hackney, to satisfy a debt due from him to Joseph Tidball. The sale to begin at twelve o'clock.
JOB WELTON, S. H. C.
July 23, 1792.
L A N D S. F O R S A L E,
A Plantation,
Lying within three Miles of Shepherd's Town , handsomely situated on the road to Keeptryft Furnace , containing 300 acres of land, near 150 acres of which are cleared and in good order, ten acres of meadow made, and as much more may be made and watered; has a good apple orchard, with every necessary and convenient building; a good limestone spring; the lands not cleared are level and well timbered. Terms may be known by applying to the subscriber, living on the premises.
WILLIAM LUCAS.
July 25, 1792.
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20 Dollars reward.
RAN away from Subscriber, Mving six miles from Harper's Ferry, Berkeley County, Virginia, on the 24th inst. a negro Man named PETER, about 24 years of age, of a yellow complexion, handsome featured, about 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high, has had the small pox, but not very perceptible; he has a small scar near the middle of his forehead, speaks good English, and it is supposed will endeavour to pass for a freeman;—he had on when he went away or took with him, a blue soldier's coat, faced with red, a nankien waistcoat and breeches, three shirts, two of which almost new, hemp chain and row filling, six hundred; two pair of hemp tow trowsers, almost new; and a pair of shoes worn but a few weeks;—as he is a cunning, artful fellow, it is supposed he will change his dress.
Whoever will apprehend the said runaway, if taken 50 miles from home, shall have the above reward, and in proportion for a lesser distance.
THOMAS HART, senior.
July 30, 1792.
TO BE SOLD, A VALUABLE PLANTATION,
Adjoining Stroud's, Stephen's, and Burns's land, lying within six miles of Martinsburg, containing 410 acres; 100 of which is now under tillage, a good meadow, two streams of water running through it, one of which suitable for a saw-mill; it has also a number of excellent springs; the land is under tolerable good fence, has a good apple and peach orchard, square log house, barn, and other convenient out-houses.
For terms, apply to the owner, living on the premises.
SAMUEL WATSON.
July 30, 1792.
COMMITTED to the jail of this County, a negro fellow about five feet seven inches high, speaks good language; he shews his fore teeth much when he talks, he is slim made, has on a coarse shirt and trowsers. He says his name is JOE, and that he belongs to Will. Bell, living near Stanton, in Augusta County. His master is desired to come and prove his property, and take him away.
ROBERT COCKBURN, jailor.
Berkeley County, July 25, 1792.
TO THE PUBLIC.
WHEREAS sundry persons, by wrong information, have spread a report about this town and its vicinity, which is detrimental to my character, accusing me as a PIMP, and that I had been used as such, by Robert Wilcox—The accusation is false—and I shall leave it to the candid judgment of my readers, after they have considered what follows:
Mr. Wilcox came to my house about the hours of nine or ten at night, some time past, at the same time informing me, that he had sufficient grounds to suspect, that some evil intended person would commit a robbery in his house—as a neighbour, I wished to assist him, expecting the same to be truth—I followed him to his house, where we went both together into a room on the second story; having stayed there for the space of two hours, mean while looking out at the window by times, and no body appearing, I thought it prudent to retire to my home. I never knew any thing about the transactions that are at present reported about this town, &c. and I would likewise desire that the good people who were wrong informed, would not think so ill of an innocent man, and mal-treat him, as he doth not deserve the same—and that the above is truth, I shall affix my hand and seal, this 30th day of July, 1792.
JACOB ZUBER, (Seal)
T. P. JOHN SHOBER. Martinsburg, Berkeley County.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
A FRAGMENT.
THE ADDRESS OF A MOTHER TO HER SLEEPING INFANT, IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE DEATH OF HER ONLY SON.
EMPLOY'D in those attempts, her wearied eyes, Still met with crystal tears, she fondly turns Towards her darling babe, who sleeping lies, Unconscious of the cause for which she mourns.
Still, still thou sleepest, poor little wretch she cries, Shielded from sorrow at the soft wing breath; Thy mother's anguish, and thy father's sighs. Pierce not thy bosom, nor disturb thy rest.
He's gone, alas! who with a pleasing joy, Has often caught thee smiling to his breast; Sweet were the accents of this darling boy, And by a thousand sports his love express'd.
Devoid of care, your weary eyes you close, And still the pretty smile divinely plays O'er thy sweet lips, as blooming as the rose, As it was wont when crown'd with happier days.
Sleep on, my little cherub! — May no care, No bitter sense of thy poor mother's woes Break thy soft slumbers! — Oh! shall I e'er share, Such balmy rest, such undisturb'd repose!
BON MOT.
NOT many months ago, in consequence of a dispute, two gentlemen of the army had occasion to settle a matter honorably; — the one, with his second, was from Ireland — the other a native of Jamaica. As the Irish gentleman was about to fire, his second came up, and whispered him to know, Whether he could not remember a bit of a prayer for the occasion? "Upon my soul, and I don't remember any (replied the principal) except what Captain Chaplain says before dinner — For what we are going to receive, the Lord make us thankful! "
Richard Barnhouse, Has opened TAVERN, at the Sign of the STAR, in CHARLES-TOWN.
BEGS leave to inform the Public in general, that he has furnished himself with a general assortment of good Liquors — he is also provided with good Stableage, Hay, Oats, and Corn, with every other accommodation for travellers and others that please to call on him — He also has liquors of all sorts to sell by the gallon, quart, or pint, as reasonable as any other person in said town.
JULY 23, 1792.
To be rented, and pots soon given immediately, A SMALL DISTILL HOUSE, Situated in Martinsburg, near the Bridge. It has a never-failing spring in it, and many other advantages of water, &c. Apply to the Printer hereof. July 23, 1792.
Wanted immediately,
A Number of Labourers, to be employed in clearing the River Potomac, near Shepherd's-Town. Six Dollars per month will be given to good hands, punctually paid every month or half month, and found in good wholesome provisions. Apply to Nathaniel Henry, in Shepherd's-Town. JULY 11, 1792.
LOST in this town, in the month of October last, a Man's SADDLE, with plated silver bolsters, with the letters C. O. engraved on them. Whoever has found the said Saddle, and will leave it at the Printing-Office, shall have Two Dollars for their trouble. Martinsburg, JULY 16, 1792.
NOTICE is hereby given, That a Petition will be presented to the next General Assembly, praying that a law may pass, confirming to the purchasers of Lots in the Town of Martinsburg, in the County of Berkeley, the titles made to them by the late General, Adam Stephen, and to authorise and empower the subscriber to sell and convey to any person who may chuse to purchase such Lots in the said Town as still remain undisposed of. ROBERT STEPHEN.
Notice.
THE subscriber, being determined to make an immediate settlement with all those to whom he is indebted, calls on all Persons who are indebted to him by bond or note, to make payment: — those with whom he has open accounts; he particularly requests would come and settle the same, by paying what is due from them, or give their notes. For the convenience of those who have not money he will take wheat, corn, or oats, in discharge of their accounts at the highest market price. A compliance with this reasonable request, will very much oblige their humble servant, DAVID WOLGAMOT.
JULY 16, 1792.
6 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from the commons of Martinsburg between the 24th and 27th of June last, a Black Mare Colt, one year old last May, marked with a small star and strip down her face, both hind feet white up to the foot-lock joint, the white on the off hind foot a little farther up the leg, and the heel of one of the fore feet white, but do not remember which. Whoever takes up said colt and thief, if stolen, and secures the thief in any gaol in this state that he may be brought to justice, and I get my colt again, shall have the above reward, or Two Dollars for the colt only and reasonable charges, if brought to Edward Beeson's, or to Jonathan Roberts, at the Red House near Martinsburg.
PATRICK M'KELVIE.
JULY 16, 1792.
LANDS FOR LANDS.
TO BE DISPOSED OF,
FOUR Hundred Acres of Land, (called MAHON'S) lying on Buffloe-creek, Monongalia County upon which there are upwards of 40 acres of the best meadow, a good mill seat and spring, and the land equal to any on the Western waters.
Three hundred and eighty four acres adjoining, below, on same creek, a large proportion of meadow, and a good spring, the upland equal, which is held by settlement-right, and a general warrantee will be given.
One Thousand Acres on the Dunkard mill run, a branch of said creek, held by preemption-right, of equal quality to the above, and the same warrantee will be given, all lying from 14 to 25 miles from Morgan-Town, and from 3 to 11 miles from Monongalia river — the State road from Morgan-Town to the little Kenhawa passes near or through the said land.
One Thousand Acres on Bingerman's creek, held by preemption-right, a great proportion of meadow, and well watered, which lies in the same county, the upland of good quality, about 10 miles farther from Morgan-Town.
One thousand acres on the little Kenhawa, about 14 miles from the mouth of said river, held by an old location on treasury-warrant, the land also very rich.
Any property in the counties of Berkeley or Frederick, negroes, or good bonds, will be taken in payment.
DAVID GRAY.
Berkeley, April 25, 1792.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen on the 2d instant, from the subscriber, living on Mill-Creek, Berkeley County, a black Horse, 14 1/2 hands high, 5 years old past, a natural trotter, shod all round, has neither brand nor ear mark, both hind feet white, with a star in his forehead and a small snip, has a small white spot near the mane on the near side of his neck. Whoever takes up said Horse and brings him to me, if taken 10 miles from home, shall have 4 dollars reward, if 50 miles 6 dollars, and if 100 miles, or upwards 8 dollars, and reasonable charges.
WILLIAM WILSON, jun.
JULY 3, 1792.
2 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen on the 8th of June last, from this town, a black MARE, 8 years old, shod before, has a bushy tail, no brand, a star in her forehead and some saddle spots. Whoever takes up said Mare and returns her to me, shall have ten shillings if taken within ten miles, and if twenty miles fifteen shillings, and reasonable charges.
JACOB BLUME.
Martinsburg, July 3, 1792.
TO BE SOLD, One Hundred Thousand good BRICK, By WILLIAM MAXWELL. Martinsburg, July 3, 1792.
To be sold, or rented, A HOUSE AND HALF LOT, With a stable, garden, and many other conveniences, situated in MARTINSBURG. A L S O, A SMALL TRACT OF LAND, Containing 18 acres, with two small cabins, near Mr. Snodgrass's, and on the Warm Spring Road: — It is very suitable for a tradesman. For terms apply to GEORGE TILLEY. June 26, 1792.
HARP and CROW TAVERN.
THE Subscriber, with gratitude returns thanks to his friends and the public, for the favor and patronage they have been kind enough to confer on him, since his commencement at this house — he flatters himself, from the unwearied attention to please, together with the satisfaction of being provided with the choicest of Liquors, and every other necessary this part of the country can afford, will induce a continuance of the same. — He expects from the room, neatness of the house the tolerable share of furniture, and good beds, which he is every day adding to, will render it satisfactory to receive more company. — He has also a flock of excellent hay and oats.
FLORENCE MAHONY.
Martinsburg July 3, 1792.
Notice!
Berkeley County, 5th June, 1792.
THE Subscriber, acting Executor of the estate of Col. Van Swearingen deceased, gives this public notice, That a settlement of the said estate is immediately called for; those persons who have any claims against it, are desired to bring them in for payment, and those indebted are also requested to settle up their accounts, &c. without delay, as they need not expect any farther notice or indulgence, than the law has pointed out. JOSIAH SWARINGEN.
Notice!
ANY Person having a just claim or claims against me, are requested to bring them in and they shall be paid: — All Persons indebted to me, by bond, note, or book debt, are requested to make payment by the last day of AUGUST next, or their dues will be put in suit without farther notice. JOHN GROVE
[Living on the Warm-Spring road. Berkeley County, June 25, 1792.]
STRAYED from the Subscriber, about the first day of June last, a black Cow, about five years old, with a slit in each ear, and a crop in one, one of her horns damaged and short. Whoever brings said Cow to me, living 5 miles from Shepherd's-Town, shall receive One Dollar reward. July 1, 1792. JOHN MARLAY.
Six Dollars reward.
RAN away from the Subscriber, on the 6th inst. living at Mr. Riddell's Mills, one and half mile from Martinsburg, an apprentice to the Millering business, named George Codd; he is about 19 years of age, 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high; had on when he went away a sailor's jacket and waistcoat, of a lead colour, coarse linen shirt and trousers, his hat was white with meal. Whoever takes up said apprentice, and secures him so that I get him again, shall have Six Dollars reward and reasonable charges, if brought home, paid by WILLIAM THOMSON. Martinsburg, June 13, 1792.
By the GOVERNOR of the Commonwealth of VIRGINIA.
A Proclamation.
WHEREAS the Public Interest demands that the General Assembly be convened before the Time to which they stand adjourned: I have therefore thought proper, with the Advice of the Council of State, to issue this my Proclamation, appointing the First day of October next, for the Meeting of the said General Assembly, at which Time their Attendance is required at the Capitol, in the City of Richmond.
Given under my Hand, as Governor, and under the Seal of the Commonwealth, at Richmond, the 7th day of June, 1792. Henry Lee.