The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-03-29 00:00:00

The PATOWMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
T U E S D A Y, MARCH 29, 1791.
[NUMBER 20 OF VOL. I.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
TO BE RENTED, A House and Lot, IN NEW-STREET,
Next Door to the PRINTING OFFICE, SHEPHERD'S TOWN. The House is well calculated to accommodate a small family. Any person wishing to rent, will be made acquainted with the terms, on application to Capt. CHARLES MORROW, in said town, or to the Subscriber.
JOHN MARK.
Traveller's-Rest, March 18, 1791.
William Skinner,
Most respectfully acquaints the PUBLIC in general, And his FRIENDS in particular, That he has returned to the RED-HOUSE TAVERN, at the SIGN of The SHIP, in Martinsburg,
And which is this day opened by him, for the accommodation of the CITIZEN and TRAVELLER.
Deeply impressed with a sensibility of the GREAT SHARE OF PUBLIC PATRONAGE which he formerly experienced at that place, he begs leave to return his most thankful acknowledgments therefor, and now solicits a renewal of the favours, while DILIGENT ATTENTION, THE BEST SUPPLIES, AND A GRATEFUL HEART, may merit them.
March 21, 1791.
THE Subscriber will rent for a year, or term of years, THE HALF OF HALL'S MILL,
With about 150 acres of good farming LAND. There are on the premises, Good and convenient HOUSES. Any person inclined to rent, may have immediate possession given them, by ROBERT M C NIGHT.
Martinsburg, March 21, 1791.
Young Sempronius,
Will stand at my Stable, at SEYDNOR'S Tavern, about 9 miles from SHEPHERD'S, and 3 from CHARLES-TOWN, the present Spring, and will cover Mares at FOUR DOLLARS the Season, SEVEN DOLLARS for insurance, and EIGHT SHILLINGS, ready money, by the leap.
If the money for the season is paid by the 10th of August, Twenty-two Shillings will be received instead of the Four Dollars.
I will receive Wheat and Rye, at the cash price, either in Worthington's, Briscoe's, Rutherford's, or Bell's Mills, in payment for the season money, and wait till the last of September for its being brought in.
YOUNG SEMPRONIUS is a beautiful Chesnut-Sorrel, with a blaze face, 15 hands high, was got by Old Sempronius (imported by Col. Taylor) of a Barbary Mare, imported by Col. Hill, in Philadelphia. I think a further description will be needless, as he was so well known while William Ragan owned him.
PHILIP SEYDNOR.
N. B. The season will begin on the 22d inst.
March 14, 1791.
Notice!
SOME years ago, I gave 3 Notes for Five Pounds each, to a certain CHRISTOPHER WOLFORD, Farmer, of York Township, York County, and State of Pennsylvania, and as I have never received any value for them, I am determined not to pay any part of them, except compelled by law.
JOHN APLEY.
Shepherd's-Town, Berkeley County, State of Virginia, March 10, 1791.
Blank Deeds of Bar-
gain and Sale, Common Bonds, &c. may be had at this Office.
TO BE RENTED, A small lower ROOM, with a Kitchen and Garden, situated in the centre of this town, and very convenient for a tradesman.
Apply to the Printer.
Jolley Ranter,
WILL cover Mares this Season,
AT the house of Mr. JAMES STRODE, 4 miles from MARTINSBURG, from the THIRD DAY of APRIL, to the FIRST DAY of JULY ensuing, at TWO DOLLARS cash, and one bushel of oats the single leap; or, FOUR DOLLARS, and one bushel of oats the season, payable the first day of SEPTEMBER; if not then paid, FIVE DOLLARS will be demanded—EIGHT DOLLARS and one bushel of oats will insure a colt. The JOLLEY RANTER is a beautiful BRIGHT BAY, about 16 hands high, full blooded, imported from GREAT-BRITAIN, and will recommend himself to good judges, without giving a long preamble of his pedigree. Good Pasturing may be had convenient, and care taken, by
JOSEPH M C DANALD.
N. B. Good Merchantable Wheat, delivered at Mr. EDWARD BEASON'S Mill, at the Market price, will be received in payment for Mares brought for the season, if delivered by the first of September.
March 4, 1791.
6w
Notice!
THIS is to forewarn any person or persons whatsoever, of purchasing, or taking an assignment of, any writing of any kind, from WILLIAM DUNCAN, against the estate of JACOB MORGAN, deceased, as the Executor is determined not to be answerable therefor.
RICHARD MORGAN.
March 7, 1791.
To be RENTED, for a term of years, A Blacksmith's Shop
With a set of TOOLS, advantageously situated for business, about five miles from WINCHESTER.—There is also a Log Dwelling-House, with a good Garden, nearly adjoining. For terms, apply to NATHANIEL CARTMELL, living opposite the premises, or the Printer hereof.
RANGER,
WILL STAND THIS SEASON,
AT MR. NATHANIEL CARTMELL, senior's,
Five miles from WINCHESTER, and will cover Mares at TWO DOLLARS the season.
RANGER is 15 1/2 hands high, a beauti-
ful DARK BAY, strong and well made, and
of a figure that will recommend himself to
good judges. This Horse was got by FEAR-
NOUGHT, a full blooded horse, who is well
known in the Counties of FREDERICK and
BERKELEY, for getting fine colts.—His Dam
by the noted BOLD RANGER.—Such per-
sons who wish to have VALUABLE COLTS on
MODERATE TERMS, will find it their interest
to apply to their most obedient servant,
SOLOMON CARTMELL.
Congress of the United States.
At the Third Session, begun and held at the City of Philadelphia, on Monday the sixth of December, one thousand seven hundred and ninety.
An ACT repealing, after the last day of June next, the Duties heretofore laid upon distilled Spirits imported from abroad, and laying others in their stead; and also upon Spirits distilled within the United States, and for appropriating the same.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That after the last day of June next, the duties laid upon distilled spirits by the act, intitled, "An act making further provision for the payment of the debts of the United States," shall cease; and that upon all distilled spirits which shall be imported into the United States after that day, from any foreign port or place, there shall be paid for their use the duties following; that is to say—For every gallon of those spirits more than ten per cent below proof, according to Dica's hydrometer, twenty cents. For every gallon of those spirits under five, and not more than ten per cent below proof, according to the same hydrometer, twenty-one cents. For every gallon of those spirits of proof, and not more than five per cent below proof, according to the same hydrometer, twenty-two cents. For every gallon of those spirits above proof, but not exceeding twenty per cent according to the same hydrometer, twenty-five cents. For every gallon of those spirits more than twenty, and not more than forty per cent above proof, according to the same hydrometer, thirty cents. For every gallon of those spirits more than forty per cent above proof, according to the same hydrometer, forty cents.
And be it further enacted, That the said duties shall be collected in the same manner, by the same persons, under the same regulations, and subject to the same forfeitures and other penalties, as those heretofore laid; the act concerning which shall be deemed to be in full force for the collection of the duties herein before imposed, except as to the alterations contained in this act.
And be it further enacted, That the said duties, when the amount thereof shall not exceed fifty dollars, shall be immediately paid; but when the said amount shall exceed fifty, and shall not amount to more than five hundred dollars, may, at the option of the proprietor, importer, or consignee, be either immediately paid, or secured by bond, with condition for the payment thereof in four months; and if the amount of the said duties shall exceed five hundred dollars, the same may be immediately paid or secured by bond, with condition for the payment thereof in six months; which bond, in either case, at the like option of the proprietor, importer, or consignee, shall either include one or more sureties to the satisfaction of the collector, or person acting as such, or shall be accompanied with a deposit in the custody of the said collector, or person acting as such, of so much of the said spirits as shall in his judgment be a sufficient security for the amount of the duties for which the said bond shall have been given, and the charges of the safe keeping and sale of the spirits so deposited; which deposit shall and may be accepted in lieu of the said surety or sureties, and shall be kept by the said collector, or person acting as such, with due and reasonable care at the expense and risk of the party or parties on whose account the same shall have been made; and if at the expiration of the time mentioned in the bond for the payment of the duties thereby intended to be secured, the same shall not be paid, then the said deposited spirits shall be sold at public sale, and the proceeds thereof, after deducting the charges of keeping and sale, shall be applied to the payment of the whole sum of the duties for which such deposit shall have been made, rendering the overplus of the said proceeds, and the residue of the said spirits, if any there be, to the person or persons by whom such deposit shall have been made, or to his, her or their representatives.
In order to a due collection of the duties imposed by this act, Be it further enacted, That the United States shall be divided into fourteen districts, each consisting of one state, but subject to alterations by the President of the United States, from time to time, by adding to the smaller such portions of the greater as shall in his judgment best tend to secure and facilitate the collection of the revenue; which district it shall be lawful for the President of the United States to subdivide into surveys of inspection, and the same to alter at his discretion. That the President be authorised to appoint, with the advice and consent of the Senate, a supervisor to each district, and as many inspectors to each survey therein as he shall judge necessary, placing the latter under the direction of the former. Provided always, That it shall and may be lawful for the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate, in his discretion to appoint, such and so many officers of the customs to be inspectors in any survey of inspection as he shall deem advisable to employ

In the execution of this act: Provided also , That where, in the judgment of the President, a supervisor can discharge the duties of that office, and also that of inspector, he may direct the same: And provided further , That if the appointment of the inspectors of surveys, or any part of them, shall not be made during the present session of Congress, the President may, and he is hereby empowered to make such appointments during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session.
And be it further enacted , That the supervisors, inspectors and officers to be appointed by virtue of this act, and who shall be charged to take bonds for securing the payment of the duties upon spirits distilled within the United States, and with the receipt of monies in discharge of such duties, shall keep fair and true accounts and records of their transactions in their respective offices, in such manner and form as may be directed by the proper department or officer having the superintendence of the collection of the revenue, and shall at all times submit their books, papers and accounts to the inspection of such persons as are or may be appointed for that purpose, and shall at all times pay to the order of the officer, who is or shall be authorised to direct the payment thereof, the whole of the monies which they may respectively receive by virtue of this act, and shall also once in every three months, or oftener if they shall be required, transmit their accounts for settlement to the officer or officers, whose duty it is, or shall be, to make such settlement.
And be it further enacted , That all officers and persons to be appointed pursuant to this act, before they enter on the duties of their respective offices, shall take an oath or affirmation diligently and faithfully to execute the duties of their said offices respectively, and to use their best endeavours to prevent and detect frauds, in relation to the duties on spirits imposed by this act, which oath or affirmation may be taken before any magistrate authorised to administer oaths within the district or survey to which he belongs, and being certified under the hand and seal of the magistrate by whom the same shall have been administered, shall within three months thereafter be transmitted to the comptroller of the treasury, in default of taking which oath or affirmation, if not taken, shall forfeit and pay two hundred dollars for the use of the United States, to be recovered with costs of suit.
And be it further enacted , That the supervisor of the revenue for each district, shall establish one or more offices within the same, as may be necessary; and in order that the said offices may be publicly known, there shall be painted or written, in large legible characters upon some conspicuous part outside and in front of each house, building or place in which any such office shall be kept, these words, — "OFFICE OF INSPECTION," and if any person shall paint or write, or cause to be painted or written, the said words, upon any other than such house or building, he or she shall forfeit and pay for so doing, one hundred dollars.
And be it further enacted , That within forty-eight hours after any ship or vessel, having on board any distilled spirits brought in such ship or vessel from any foreign port or place, shall arrive within any port of the United States, whether the same be the first port of arrival of such ship or vessel, or not, the master or person having the command or charge thereof, shall report to one of the inspectors of the port at which the said ship or vessel shall arrive, the place from which the last sailed, with her name and burthen, and the quantity and kinds of the said spirits on board of her, and the casks, vessels or cases containing them, with their marks and numbers; on pain of forfeiting the sum of five hundred dollars.
And be it further enacted , That the collector or other officer, or person acting as collector, with whom entry shall have been made of any of the said spirits, pursuant to the act, intitled, "An act to provide more effectually for the collection of the duties imposed by law on goods, wares and merchandise imported into the United States, and on the tonnage of ships or vessels," shall forthwith after such entry certify and transmit the same, as particularly as it shall have been made with him, to the proper officer of inspection, of the port where it shall be intended to commence the delivery of the spirits so entered, or any part thereof; for which purpose, every proprietor, importer or consignee, making such entry, shall deliver two manifests of the contents (upon one of which the said certificate shall be given) and shall at the time thereof declare the Port at which the said delivery shall be so intended to be commenced, to the collector or officer with whom the same shall be made. And every permit granted by such collector, for the landing of any of the said spirits, shall previous to such landing, be produced to the said officer of inspection, who shall make a minute in some proper book, of the contents thereof, and shall endorse thereupon the word "INSPECTED," the time when, and his own name: after which he shall return it to the person by whom it shall have been produced; and then, and not otherwise it shall be lawful to land the spirits therein specified; and if the said spirits shall be landed without such endorsement upon the permit for that purpose granted, the master or person having the charge of the ship or vessel from which the same shall have been landed, shall for every such offence forfeit the sum of five hundred dollars.
And be it further enacted , That whenever it shall be intended that any ship or vessel shall proceed with the whole or any part of the spirits which shall have been brought in such ship or vessel from any foreign port or place, from one port in the United
States to another port in the said United States, whether in the same or in different districts, the master or person having the command or charge of such ship or vessel, shall previous to her departure, apply to the officer of inspection, to whom report was made, for the port from which she is about to depart, for a certificate of the quantity and particulars of such of the said spirits as shall have been certified or reported to him to have been entered as imported in such ship or vessel, and of so much thereof as shall appear to him to have been landed out of her at such port; which certificate the said officer shall forthwith grant. And the master or person having the command or charge of such ship or vessel, shall within twenty-four hours after her arrival at the port to which she shall be bound, deliver the said certificate to the proper officer of inspection of such last mentioned port. And if such ship or vessel shall proceed from one port to another within the United States, with the whole or any part of the spirits brought in her as aforesaid, without having first obtained such certificate; or if within twenty-four hours after her arrival at such other port, the said certificate shall not be delivered to the proper officer of inspection there, the master or person having the command or charge of the said ship or vessel, shall in either case forfeit the sum of five hundred dollars; and the spirits on board of her at her said arrival, shall be forfeited, and may be seized by any officer of inspection.
And be it further enacted , That all spirits which shall be imported as aforesaid, shall be landed under the inspection of the officer or officers of inspection for the place where the same shall be landed, and not otherwise, on pain of forfeiture thereof; for which purpose the said officer or officers shall, at all reasonable times, attend: Provided that this shall not be construed to exclude the inspection of the officers of the customs as now established and practiced.
And be it further enacted , That the officers of inspection under whose survey any of the said spirits shall be landed, shall upon landing thereof, and as soon as the casks, vessels and cases containing the same shall be gauged or measured, brand or otherwise mark in durable characters, the several casks, vessels or cases containing the same, with progressive numbers; and also with the name of the ship or vessel wherein the same was or were imported, and of the port of entry, and with the proof and quantity thereof; together with such other marks, if any shall be deemed needful, as the respective supervisors of the revenue may direct. And the said officer shall keep a book, wherein he shall enter the name of each vessel in which any of the said spirits shall be so imported, and of the port of entry and of delivery, and of the master of such vessel and of each importer, and the several casks, vessels and cases containing the same, and the marks of each: and if such officer is not the chief inspector within the survey, he shall as soon as may be thereafter, make an exact transcript of each entry, and deliver the same to such chief officer, who shall keep a like book for recording the said transcript.
And be it further enacted , That the chief officer of inspection within whose survey any of the said spirits shall be landed, shall give to the proprietor, importer or consignee thereof, or his or her agent, a certificate to remain with him or her, of the whole quantity of the said spirits which shall have been so landed; which certificate, besides the said quantity, shall specify the name of such proprietor, importer or consignee, and of the vessel from on board which the said spirits shall have been landed, and of the marks of each cask, vessel or case containing the same. And the said officer shall deliver to the said proprietor, importer or consignee, or to his or her agent, a like certificate for each cask, vessel or case, which shall accompany the same wherever it shall be sent, as evidence of it's being lawfully imported. And the officer granting the said certificates, shall make regular and exact entries in the book to be by him kept as aforesaid, of all spirits for which the same shall be granted, as particularly as therein described. And the said proprietor, importer or consignee, or his or her agent, upon the sale and delivery of any of the said spirits, shall deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof, the certificate or certificates which ought to accompany the same; on pain of forfeiting the sum of fifty dollars, for each cask, vessel or case with which such certificate shall not be delivered.
And be it further enacted , That upon all spirits which after the said last day of June next, shall be distilled within the United States, wholly or in part from molasses, sugar, or other foreign materials, there shall be paid for their use the duties following; that is to say—For every gallon of those spirits more than ten per cent below proof, according to Dicas's hydrometer, eleven cents. For every gallon of those spirits under five and not more than ten per cent below proof, according to the same hydrometer, twelve cents. For every gallon of those spirits of proof and not more than five per cent below proof, according to the same hydrometer, thirteen cents. For every gallon of those spirits above proof, and not exceeding twenty per cent according to the same hydrometer, fifteen cents. For every gallon of those spirits more than twenty and not more than forty per cent above proof, according to the same hydrometer, twenty cents. For every gallon of those spirits more than forty per cent above proof, according to the same hydrometer, thirty cents.
And be it further enacted , That upon all spirits which after the said last day of June next, shall be distilled within the United States, from any article of the growth or produce of the United States, in any city, town or village, there shall be paid for their use the duties following; that is to say—For
every gallon of those spirits more than ten per cent below proof, according to Dicas's hydrometer, nine cents. For every gallon of those spirits under five and not more than ten per cent below proof, according to the same hydrometer, ten cents. For every gallon of those spirits of proof, and not more than five per cent below proof, according to the same hydrometer, eleven cents. For every gallon of those spirits above proof, but not exceeding twenty per cent according to the same hydrometer, thirteen cents. For every gallon of those spirits more than twenty and not more than forty per cent above proof, according to the same hydrometer, seventeen cents. For every gallon of those spirits more than forty per cent above proof, according to the same hydrometer, twenty-five cents.
And be it further enacted , That the said duties on spirits distilled within the United States, shall be collected under the management of the supervisors of the revenue.
And be it further enacted , That the said duties on spirits distilled within the United States, shall be paid or secured previous to the removal thereof from the distilleries at which they are respectively made. And it shall be at the option of the proprietors of each distillery, or of his, her or their agent having the superintendence thereof, either to pay the said duties previous to such removal, with an abatement at the rate of two cents for every ten gallons, or to secure the payment of the same, by giving bond quarter-yearly, with one or more sureties, to the satisfaction of the chief officer of inspection within whose survey such distillery shall be, and in such sum as the said officer shall direct, with condition for the payment of the duties upon all such of the said spirits as shall be removed from such distillery, within three months next ensuing the date of the bond, at the expiration of nine months from the said date.
And be it further enacted , That the supervisor of each district shall appoint proper officers to have the charge and survey of the distilleries within the same, assigning to each, one or more distilleries as he may think proper, who shall attend such distillery at all reasonable times, for the execution of the duties by this act enjoined on him.
And be it further enacted , That previous to the removal of the said spirits from any distillery, the officer within whose charge and survey the same may be, shall brand or otherwise mark each cask containing the same, in durable characters, and with progressive numbers, and with the name of the acting owner or other manager of such distillery, and of the place where the same was situate, and with the quantity therein, to be ascertained by actual gauging, and with the proof thereof. And the duties thereupon having been first paid, or secured, as above provided, the said officer shall grant a certificate for each cask of the said spirits, to accompany the same wherever it shall be sent, purporting that the duty thereon hath been paid or secured, as the case may be, and describing each cask by it's marks; and shall enter in a book for that purpose to be kept, all the spirits distilled at such distillery, and removed from the same; and the marks of each cask, and the persons for whose use, and the places to which removed, and the time of each removal, and the amount of the duties on the spirits so removed. And if any of the said spirits shall be removed from any such distillery without having been branded or marked as aforesaid, or without such certificate as aforesaid, the same together with the cask or casks containing and the horses or cattle, with the carriages, their harness and tackling, and the vessel or boat with it's tackle and apparel employed in removing them, shall be forfeited, and may be seized by any officer of inspection. And the superintendent or manager of such distillery, shall also forfeit the full value of the spirits so removed, to be computed at the highest price of the like spirits in the market.
[To be continued.]
BOSTON, February 24. TRIAL of a LIBEL.
On Tuesday morning last, came on before the Hon. the justices of the supreme judicial court, the trial of Edmund Freeman, printer of the Herald of Freedom, &c. for a libel, published in that paper, the 2d. of February, 1790, on John Gardiner, Esq. of Pownalborough.
[A tedious trial ensued, some particulars of which in a future paper.]
Yesterday morning the jury on the trial of Edmund Freeman, brought in their verdict not guilty.
The person supposed to have been injured by the innocent piece in the Herald of Freedom, of the 2d of February 1790, we hear, is now about to commence a civil action against Mr. Freeman, the Editor of that paper, for an infamous libel against John Gardiner, Esq. and intends to put to a jury of the county of Lincoln, whether he be, or not, intitled to any reparation for his supposed injury? When the poor ignorant yeomen of that county, will be called upon to say, upon their oaths, whether language has any meaning, and whether a man's being charged with murder means that he did not intentionally kill, or shorten the days of another.
It appears by the returns in the secretary's office from the district, comprehending the counties of Bristol, Dukes-County and Nantucket, and from the district of Maine, that no choice of federal representatives has taken place in either of them.
This day, at 10 o'clock, will come on by assignment, in the house of representatives, a most interesting question, on the petition of the Portland convention, preferred to the legislature some few years

Since; whether it is expedient that the province of Maine, should be separated from this commonwealth, and become a separate, sovereign state, by itself.
It has been suggested to the printers of London, to present a petition to parliament, praying that a committee of lawyers may be appointed to draw up a clear, short, and comprehensive definition of a legal libel, which being hung up in every printing office, if it repressed the energy of literary execution, might at least avert those penalties that have so recently fallen so heavy on the honest and undesigned printer, who would thus cease to be entrapped into prosecution by the semblance held forth to him of freedom.
ELIZABETHTOWN, March 2.
A few days ago a man was committed to the common goal of this county, for the atrocious crime of murder, and that of a brother-in law. After tipling some time at a tavern, a dispute arose, and both being animated with copious draughts of that destructive venom, ardent spirits, one of them lifted an axe to defend himself against the ire of his ferocious adversary, and being hard pushed, gave him a blow on the head, of which wound he languished (without his reason) until next day, and then terminated a wretched existence.
NEW-YORK, March 7.
It is said, that the senate of the United States were to have met on Friday last by order of the President. As that honourable body, with the President, compose the executive authority of the United States, it may be conjectured, that executive business of some importance was then to be concluded.
The Philadelphia papers are crowded with extracts of letters from the Ohio country, complaining of continual Indian depredations and massacres, setting forth their unguarded situation, begging for soldiers, &c.
The contrariety of the accounts from Martinique, &c. respecting the disturbances, have puzzled us—it is however certain, that the present situation of those colonies to France is sanguinary and unhappy.
Extract of a letter from the town of Washington, in Pennsylvania, Feb. 20, 1791.
"We have sent a man express to Congress, requesting their aid and protection. You may be assured their situation never was so dangerous since I came to this country, with respect to the Indians: they are killing, almost every day, more or less of the inhabitants on our frontiers, and have declared they would have possession of our town in April.—Last Friday week they killed one man and four children, and took two young women prisoners, about 27 miles from this town. When they act in this manner, at this season, what must we expect in the spring and summer!
"I hope you will use your influence with such members of Congress as you are acquainted with and urge the necessity of sending us immediate relief: we have provisions of all kinds in abundance, for the supply of any army, and hope we shall not long want their assistance."
PHILADELPHIA, March 12.
The Anniversary of the Birth Day of the President of the United States has been celebrated in all parts of the union, from which accounts have been received, with the highest testimonials of veneration and affection; no trait in the American character is more conspicuous than that of respect to their civil rulers—and while the people enjoy "Peace, Liberty and Safety," under the administration of an excellent system of government—they can scarcely exceed the limits of propriety in expressing their attachment to those distinguished characters, who having saved their country in WAR—are now conducting it to the summit of human glory, in PEACE.
A correspondent observes, that the proposed discrimination in navigation, between foreigners in treaty with the United States—and those with whom no treaty exists;—cannot be considered in any other light, than that of an experiment: the result of which it is difficult to conceive, would be favorable to the interests of this country. We should most assuredly, risk losing a certainty, for an uncertainty.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Rhode-Island, dated Feb. 4, 1791.
"OUR tidings from the Western Frontiers are distressing.—It is to be hoped the most decisive measures, whatever the expence may be, will be taken, to put an end to the Indian ravages in future.—The conduct of the late expedition gives great uneasiness:—Perhaps the public mind ought, by some enquiry into it, to be satisfied."
Extract of another letter from another gentleman, dated Feb. 7, 1791.
"The plan of the Western Expedition was most certainly good.—Whether the operations of the army were good also, I am unable to judge.—Thus much certainly appears very extraordinary, that the commanding officer should detach 360 men, with orders to find and fight the savages, and remain inactive with the remainder of the troops.—Was ever a judicious attack made on an enemy deliberately, without being prepared to furnish succour in case of need?—Might not the army as well have been in the city of Philadelphia, as to have been without supporting distance, so as not to sustain the troops detached from the combat in case of misfortune?—On that inauspicious day fell two of my dear friends, WYLLYS and FROTHINGHAM. With these two brave soldiers, I have, more than twice, faced superior numbers of veteran troops.—I am stung
to the soul, that so many brave officers and men should thus have been sacrificed.—Can we give two for one?—Infamous idea!—and for savages too?—The President, who can discern the least error in military operations, will, I acknowledge, be the eye of the public, on this, as well as on other occasions.—Certain it is that at present, the commanding officer's conduct appears to ill advantage."
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, March 29.
The savages on the borders of the Ohio have again commenced their depredations on that river; several persons, we are told, have already been killed this spring, going to Kentucky.—That friendly tribe of Indians, the Wiandots, it is said, are retiring to Fort Harmer for safety, the other tribes having taken up the hatchet against them.
During the gust on Thursday evening last, a barn was struck with lightning about 3 miles from Charlestown, which taking fire, was entirely consumed. There were in the barn between 40 and 50 sheep, which were all destroyed.
The infatuated Methodist preacher MENTER, mentioned in our last to have been unfixed for divine purposes, is said to have departed this life since the operation was performed on him. "He died as a FOOL dieth."
Extract of a letter from a gentleman of respectability, in Montgomery county, to his friend in Albany, dated Feb. 12, 1791.
"Please to inform Mr. C. —, that the man killed on the Ohio, in a boat with my brother, was from Philadelphia; another was killed about the same time, from this state moving down with his family.
"My wife's brother arrived here last Monday, in 14 days from Fort Erie, where he went last November: while there, he saw a Shawanee Indian who had been in the battle of the Miami, and had lost his rifle. The event of this unfortunate encounter is very differently explained from what we have it. It appears that the barbarians availed themselves of the total eclipse of the moon in the evening; under this veil they stole, unperceived, within a little distance of our camp, and then rushed suddenly on our men with uplifted tomahawks, looking, and acting like so many furies broke loose from the infernal regions! Having in part satiated their bloody appetites, they fell back into a thicket of hazels, gave one fire, and then retreated until day-break; what followed the next day corroborates the accounts we have had. Col. Brandt lost a cousin in the fight. The Indians lost in all, forty killed, and fifteen wounded. The garrison at Detroit, supplied the Indians with two and a half pounds of powder, each, and shot equivalent, prior to their march; and since their return they furnished all those who lost their rifles, with new ones. All the garrisons to the westward are double manned, at Niagara they have laid in three years provision and increased their heavy cannon.
"The Indian further adds, that the savages kept the field; and that our army had not an opportunity of burying their dead."
By virtue of a Decree of the high Court of Chancery, to us directed, will be sold at PUBLIC SALE, for ready money, at two o'clock in the afternoon, on the THIRD MONDAY IN APRIL NEXT, being the 18th day of the said Month, One Hundred Acres of LAND, within a mile and a half of the TOWN of MARTINSBURG, in the County of BERKELEY, a part whereof is under cultivation, and conveniently improved, and the rest well timbered:—the whole is remarkable for the fertility of its soil, with the advantage of that handsome stream of water TUSQUERORA running through it; on the verge of which are 6 or 8 acres of mowable meadow.—It is a part of the estate of WILLIAM PATTERSON, and sold to satisfy a decree in favour of ABRAHAM GUSEMAN.
ADAM STEPHENS, } Commissioners. MOSES HUNTER, } EPH. GAITHER. }
March 25, 1791.
TO THE PUBLIC.
John Keith,
FORMERLY Inn-keeper near Sugar-Land-Run, on the main Alexandria road, purposes to open TAVERN here the first day of May next, in the House which Mr. William Bently last kept, is next door to Mr. Byers's, and near to Messrs. Kearfley and Spaulding's Stores. The behaviour to Customers, as far as lays in my power, to be conducive to their approbation, shall not be wanting in the utmost exertion of my abilities, and every improvement made that the situation will admit of. I remain the devoted humble servant to the Public. JOHN KEITH.
March 23, 1791.
*** Cash given for clean Linen or Cotton Rags, at this Office.
PAUL JONES,
WILL stand the ensuing Season, at MOUNT PLEASANT, about two miles from General LEE's place, and eight from Shepherd's-Town, and will cover Mares at FIVE DOLLARS the season, Two and a Half the single leap, and Eight for insurance. The Money to be paid on or before the first day of September ensuing.
PAUL JONES is a beautiful light grey, full fifteen hands and half high, rising ten years old. He was bred by William Fitzhugh, Esq. of Chatbam, his dam was Kitty Fither, the was got by Old Fearnought, out of Caster Braxton's old Kitty Fither, which he brought from England with him. His Sire was True Whig; True Whig was got by Regulus, out of an imported Mare that was dam to Apollo. Regulus was got by Old Fearnought, out of Col. Baylor's Old Jenny Dismal, which he imported.
All Persons putting Mares by the Season to PAUL JONES the last year, and not proving with foal, shall be intitled to put the same Mares the present Season for Two Dollars and an Half. Pasturage will be furnished gratis for all Mares brought from a distance.
RICHARD BAYLOR.
March 25, 1791.
Dreadnought,
A beautiful, large, full-blooded Horse, Will cover the ensuing Season, one half the time at Mr. WILLIAM SKINNER's stable in MARTINSBURG, (on Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays) and the other half at Capt. WILLIAM LEMEN's stable in SHEPHERD'S TOWN, (Mondays, Tuesdays and Wednesdays,) at Two DOLLARS the single leap, the money to be paid at the time of covering, or the mare will be considered as for the season, or, FOUR DOLLARS the season, and Six DOLLARS for insurance.
DREADNOUGHT is a blood-bay, 16 hands high, a most elegant figure and lofty carriage, a Horse of great activity and spirits, free from any natural blemish. From his size, figure and blood, he is deemed as likely a Horse to get colts, either for saddle or harness, as any Horse in the United States, and for the encouragement of his breed, he is fixed to cover at the moderate price above-mentioned; the money to be paid on or before the first day of October ensuing.
Rye or Wheat will be taken at cash price, delivered at Capt. Shepherd's, Beason's or Riddle's mills.
DREADNOUGHT was got by the famous Horse FEARNOUGHT, from a full blooded imported Mare, and is half brother to that valuable Horse SPECULATOR, late the property of Mr. WATERS; and also to that much-esteemed Horse UNION, both which Horses on account of their size, blood and character, have lately been purchased and carried back to the lower parts of Virginia, from whence they came.
WILLIAM KERNEY, JAMES AUTEN.
MARTINSBURG, March 15, 1791.
N. B. Any gentlemen having mares to be covered by this Horse, who cannot conveniently attend them, will have good pasturing provided, but no escapes or other accidents will be answered for. The season will commence the 28th instant.
Will be sold, by the subscriber, By virtue of a Deed in Trust, made to him by JOHN B. TILDEN, attorney in fact for WILLIAM and JOHN M'KEEN,
On Tuesday, the 3d day of May next, At the Court-House, in the Town of Martinsburg, For ready Money,
An improved LOT
in said town, adjoining Tuskerora Creek. There are on said Lot, a Two-Story Log DWELLING-House, and other Buildings. It is allowed to be the best Lot in town for a Tan-Yard, water running through the middle of it, and the creek can be brought easily into the Lot; a few tan-fats are already sunk. Any person inclining to purchase, will be shown the premises, at or before the day of sale.
MICHAEL M'KEWAN.
Martinsburg, March 29, 1791.
NOTICE is hereby given, That I will attend in Shepherd's-Town, on the second Friday and Saturday in April, to seal the different measures for GRAIN.—All concerned are requested to attend, as those who presume to buy or sell, without proper seals, may expect to be informed against.
ROBERT M'KNIGHT.
Shepherd's-Town, March 25, 1791.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
From the MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE.
SONNET, TO GENERAL LINCOLN.
THINK not GREAT LINCOLN that the rage of time Can from thy war-worn brow the laurel rend: Tho' midst its green the living snows descend, It still shall flourish in unchanging prime.
See the pale student at his midnight oil, Recount thy deeds, and lead thee down to fame. While the young warrior kindles at thy name, Dwells on thy glorious wound, and marks thy toil.
How o'er red Carolina's burning plain, You dar'd the raging dog-stars sultry glow, Or in the north led winter's hardy train, O'er PEZHAM's icy heights, thro' ATHOL's wavy snow.
THERE, first in danger bent thy dauntless way, HERE, at thy feet subdu'd rebellion lay.
PHILENIA.
MONITOR.
JUSTICE, in our dealings with mankind, is essential to our future happiness—and saves us trouble and perplexity in all our worldly transactions. The wariness which the dishonest are obliged to preserve, always renders them uneasy—and their acting in a feigned character, ever keeps them in dread, least they discover something improper to be known. How different the demeanour of that man, whose honest heart dreads not the discovery of any unworthy, mean, or ungenerous principle; from him who endeavours to hide knavery, meanness and deceit. The first, delivers with frankness, candid and upright sentiments—whilst the conversation of the latter, is marked with ambiguity, duplicity and design. When a man has established his character for justice his word is not doubted, his actions rigorously examined, his sincerity disbelieved, or his honesty suspected; but he whose fame has been blasted, if he commits even trivial offences, is censured with the greatest rigour;—every improper action of his life, is called up in judgment against him—and he is sure to be condemned, perhaps undeservedly, for no other reason, than that he is supposed incapable of being actuated by honour and integrity.
ADVERTISEMENT.
J. HAYDEN,
MOST respectfully acquaints the public in general, and every generous spirited man in particular, that withes the prosperity of his country and fellow-citizens' happiness, that it has been the request of his friends and gentlemen of veracity, that have travelled Braddock's old road, over the Alleghana Mountains, that he would raise money by subscription, to build a bridge over the Big Crossings of Youghagany-River, and have promised to give as high as Five Pounds each, and as he is appointed a Trustee in raising the sum wanted, which is One Thousand Pounds, he promises, by the leave of Providence and the encouragement of his dear countrymen, to use his utmost endeavours to accomplish this great object, and hopes to have all things done to the satisfaction of all those who may be concerned therein, as it is expected, that if success attends his endeavour, the Bridge will be completed in the course of two years. The subscriptions will be left in all public places, which may be thought necessary, where every gentleman disposed to give encouragement, may have an opportunity to give donations, and place his name to the subscription;—if he pays down the money, he can cross his name, and by that means he will be able to ascertain the sums paid and subscribed; the subscriptions will be all numbered and returned in six months after the date, to Colonel Alexander McClain and Colonel Thomas Gaddice, both men of honour and fortune, who have been acting for the good of their country many years—the money raised will be deposited in their hands, until security be given to them for building the bridge, which will be on the main road from the Seat of Government, by way of Fort-Cumberland, to Old Red-Stone Fort, which is to be established by authority. This road is much used to the Western Country, as there is a main road from the Old Red-Stone Fort to Washington, and from thence to Fort-Wheeling, on the Ohio River. Boats of all sizes and provisions of all kinds may be had at Old Red-Stone Fort, at as low a price as any on the river; and a very convenient landing for emigrants to the new settlements. He flatters himself, that every considerate man will be something towards it that has opportunity—it certainly being of great use to the whole community to have those roads improved; and should there be more money raised than is expended about the bridge, there will be care taken by the Trustees to lay it out to the advantage of other difficult places on said road, at their discretion.
Mr. Moses Hall, that lives near where the Bridge is expected to be built, has given his word, that he will give security to build it, and warrant it to stand ten years for one thousand pounds. It is expected he will be the man to manage it, as he is a gentleman of middling good fortune and of undoubted veracity. It is the Trustee's desire to use all possible means that are honest to accomplish the business intrusted to him. His desires have ever been to promote the good of his country, and that of his neighbours, as far as his abilities will admit.
He intends once more to attempt a small Lottery, the proceeds to be applied for the use of the Bridge;—the sum intended to be raised by this method is Three Hundred Pounds, Pennsylvania Currency; Twenty Pounds to defray the expence of drawing it to the Trustees or Inspectors, which will be Moses Hall, Thomas Kindie, John McCoy, and James Wright, who are all men of good characters, living in the County where the Bridge is designed to be built. The Lottery will be drawn as soon as the tickets can be sold, at the Dwelling-House of Mr. John Collins, in Union Town. The Tickets will be Two Dollars, cash, and none of them trusted out, which will enable the Trustees to discharge the fortunate Tickets the next day after drawing, or any time within two months after. There will be due attendance given for that space of time, by Jonathan Hayden, eldest son of John Hayden, for that purpose. All that apply within that time, will be punctually paid, the Tickets not being trusted out, as was the case in the Lottery made for his own property last year, which is not yet settled, although the prizes are all paid but about 20. Every person owing for those Tickets, and other debts, he withes would settle them; as his necessities are great, and as he intends to build a Furnace this summer, four miles from Beaton-Town on the waters of George's Creek, where there is one of the best Iron Banks yet discovered in our Western Country, very rich and good, tryed by men of good skill, and there appears to be no end to the quantity. It is on a piece of land belonging to his eldest son, Jonathan Hayden, situated in as good a settlement as any on the western waters, and very convenient for a Furnace—near a good stone coal bank, which will be advantageous for the Nailing-Business, as soon as Slatting-mills can be erected. Nails are much wanted in the Western Country. Mettle may be taken to the Spanish dominions in ten days from the old Red-Stone Fort, on the Monongahia River, where it sells current at this time for half a dollar a pound, as has been credibly asserted. It sells current with us at six pence per pound. Any gentleman considering the advantage to be had with works of that kind in those parts, where all sorts of provisions are cheap, and utensils of all sorts, such as iron and mettle may be had of Mr. Turnbull, at his works about 25 miles from the spot, that would with to be concerned, may have an opportunity by applying soon to JOHN HAYDEN, living on the premises. He withes it to go on this summer, for which purpose he has procured printed promissary Notes to the amount of Six Hundred Pounds, to stand four years after the date of them, from one dollar to eight, all to be discharged in Beaton-Town, in Fayette County, at which place there will be an office kept six months after they are due, by John Hayden, to discharge the same. Whenever the Furnace is in blast, the notes will be discharged, if mettle will suit for pay, as they will be received as cash for the same. He flatters himself that all his neighbours and true friends will consider his first attempt to help that settlement, by waggoning out goods at a low rate, and being disappointed by hard sickness and other misfortunes:—but being of a striving disposition to do all the good within the reach of his abilities, by promoting every good work for the good of his country and neighbours, he undertakes to hazard another attempt, and begs every good man's assistance:—but leaving all to him that turns the hearts of kings as the rivers of water, and setteth up the righteous man though he falls seven times, therefore he withes all to deal with justice, that our country may be as a fruitful garden, and our offspring shall rise like the cedars of Lebanon.
YAUGHAGANA-BRIDGE
LOTTERY.
BY permission of the Public in general, I JOHN HAYDEN, being appointed by sundry of my friends and countrymen, to try by Subscription and a small Lottery, to raise the sum of Eight Hundred Dollars, for the use of building the above said Bridge, the Tickets will be all signed by John Hayden and Jonathan Hayden, who will take care to have the whole business transacted with punctuality. The drawing of the Lottery will commence with all expedition. As it is set on foot for the most beneficial purpose, it is hoped it will meet with encouragement from every man who withes the Bridge to be built. The Managers are all above-mentioned, and the place where it is to be drawn; the time
of which will be appointed four weeks before the drawing, by the Trustees.
There shall be in this LOTTERY,
  1 Prize of 150 Dollars, is 150 Dollars.   2 ditto 40 80   4 ditto 20 80   14 ditto 5 70   305 ditto 4 1220   Sum to be raised, 800 
2400
1200 Tickets, at Two Dollars, are 2400 Dollar
A LOTTERY,
Pennsylvania Currency.
  1 Prize, £ 516 0 0   1 ditto, 275 0 0   1 ditto, 150 0 0   1 ditto, 2 Horse, with new Saddle and Bridle, 25 0 0   ditto, ditto, 14 0 0   1 ditto, ditto, 12 0 0   36 ditto, Lots, near 1 Acre, at 10s. each, 300 0 0   6 ditto, near 1 Acre, at 8s. 48 0 0   10 ditto, 60s. 30 0 0   20 ditto, 40s. 40 0 0   30 ditto, 30s. 45 0 0   30 ditto, 27/6 41 5 0   515 ditto, 25s. 643 15 0   1 first Blank, a Saddle, 2 10 0   1 last ditto, ditto, 2 10 0   655 Prizes £ 2205 0 0   1305 Blanks,   1960 Tickets, at 3 Dollars each, £ 2205 0 0 
TO THE PUBLIC.
EVERY person acquainted with LOTTERIES, cannot but perceive, that the above is framed and calculated, so, as will, upon solid grounds, induce adventurers to purchase. NOT TWO BLANKS TO A PRIZE; the lowest class of which are of value superior to the price of one ticket. That, with the consideration of such large prizes that will be drawn in a Lottery of such small amount. These, and the other prizes of Lands, are near the centre in MECKLENBURG, commonly called SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, or adjoining other Lots belonging to said Town. A sketch of the first or capital prizes, are as follows, viz. The highest prize contains a genteel Brick-House, forty six feet long, and eighteen feet wide, in which there are three rooms neatly finished, with a kitchen and garret; also, a cellar under the same, 30 by 18 feet. Said House fronts New-Street, and the stream of water that runs through said town, runs under said building. The area of this prize comprehends seventy-one feet square.
The second prize is a Stone Malt-House, fifty feet long, and twenty-four feet wide, well finished, and the situation calculated for the business. Also, a Brew-House, thirty-six by twenty-four feet;—they are both under one roof, but separated below by said stream; at the lower end is a vacancy of ten by twenty-four feet.
The third prize consists of a Frame House, eighteen by sixteen feet, has a cellar under it, fronts New-Street, 33 feet, and thence runs with King-Street, 71 feet, which renders it a valuable corner.
For a greater convenience to the fortunate drawers of said prizes, there is an alley laid off, five feet wide, which runs across the lot, dividing the second from the first and third above-mentioned prizes. These landed and other property, prices will be found on examination to be estimated on very moderate terms. Upon the whole, the Subscriber flatters himself, that every candid enquirer will find, that the property, &c. exposed, is fully adequate to the sums required.
For the execution of this Lottery, the following gentlemen, Major HENRY BEDINGER, Capt. ABRAHAM SHEPHERD, and Capt. JAMES KERNY, have been pleased to accept of the appointment of Trustees, to whom full power is granted, and them alone to sell and receive payment for the Tickets, and to give deeds for the landed prizes; also to pay off the others.
THOMAS WHITE.
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, February 13, 1791.
To be RENTED in CHARLES-TOWN, BERKELEY, THAT VALUABLE HOUSE,
Where Mr. JAMES HAMMOND now keeps Store. IT is well calculated for either Store or Tavern, and may be entered on the 1st. of April next. ALSO, that commodious HOUSE where Mr. PHILIP WELSH lives, opposite Mr. HAMMOND'S Store. And a new finished two-story HOUSE, on the Main Street, fit for a genteel private family, or a tradesman. For particulars, apply to the Subscriber, near the premises.
WILLIAM CHERRY.
January 6, 1791.