Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1805-11-11 00:00:00

THIS PAPER IS PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A WEEK; PRICE TO SUBSCRIBERS FIVE DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM...
FOR SALE, 15 Tierces Jamaica COFFEE, 52 Barrels 130 Bags...
WANTED, A VESEL, About 150 tons, to load with lumber.
For London, The good ship DUMFRIES, Richard Beard, Master.
For Bordeaux, The Brig CATHARINE, Capt. JOHN CHILTON.
For Liverpool, THE AMERICAN SHIP ELIZA, Burthen 420 hogsheads.
A parcel of Prime PORK for Sale, November 1.
FOR LONDON, The Ship SUFFOLK, John Bryant, Master.
FOR FREIGHT or Charter, The new fast sailing SHIP CALEDONIAN, John Dickson, Master.
FOR NANTZ, The American Brig ALEXANDER, Captain WILLIAM LAUGHTON.
FOR A PORT IN FRANCE, The American Brig VIRGINIA, Captain S. HILL.
WHO HAS FOR SALE, BURR STONES AND PLASTER PARIS, received per said Brig from Cherbourg.
FOR SALE, OR CHARTER, The Brig ANN ELIZABETH, Burthen about 1300 barrels.
FOR FREIGHT, OR CHARTER, To a Port in France, The Prussian Brig TWO FRIENDS, BOYLAN, Master.
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, To a Port in France, The fine new Ship, SUSAN, Captain LORING.
Donaldson, Thorburn & Co. WHO HAVE THE CARGO OF SAID SHIP FOR SALE, CONSISTING OF ABOUT 5,500 Bushels LISBON SALT.
MOLASSES. Landing this day, from the Schooner Virginia, Captain Forsyth, Gibrar's War.
LIVERPOOL SALT, &c. &c. FOR SALE, 12,000 Bushels STOVED SALT—Loose and in Sacks.
HUNTER & GATEWOOD, Have received per Ship Jane, Captain Colley, from Liverpool, the balance of their supply of FALL AND WINTER GOODS.
DR. A. D. W. HEGEWISCH, On account of his Family's ill health, intends leaving this State for a few months.
150 Firkins Choice Philadelphia BUTTER. For Sale by James Maurice & Co.
Hibbert's Porter and Brown Stout. Received per the Ship Shepherdes, from London, a further supply of Hibbert's best bottled Porter & Brown Stout.
FOR SALE, A very handsome SADDLE MARE, who goes well in harness—also, a SADDLE HORSE.
FOR SALE, by the Subscriber, A FEW KEGS Excellent Manufactured TOBACCO.
NEW BEEF. The Subscriber has just received and offer for sale, 100 Barrels NEW BEEF, Boston.
TO BE SOLD OR HIRED, A likely Mulatto MAN, who is a most excellent driver, and perfectly understands the management of horses.
FOR RENT, And possession given the 1st January next, or sooner if required, A convenient Dwelling House, with a spacious Garden, in the fields, leading to Smith's Point.
NOTICE. PETITIONS will be presented to the next General Assembly of this State, for the following objects, to wit:
1st.—To alter the present mode of electing the Common Council of the Borough of Norfolk, and to subject the voters to fines for non-attendance. 2nd.—To enable the Mayor, Recorder, and Common Council to enforce, by bye-laws, similar to those in Alexandria...
NORFOLK HOTEL. THE Subscriber informs his friends and the publick, that he has opened an HOTEL in that convenient house formerly the NAVY TAVERN No. 128 Main-Street.
ORIGINAL REMARKS ON THE PRESENT POLITICKS OF EUROPE. FROM BELL'S WEEKLY MESSENGER
Spirit of the last Russian campaign in Europe, AND CHARACTER OF THEIR OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS. When the Russians first broke into Italy under Suwarrow, a new era seemed to arise in the military history of Europe.
The rest of Europe had measured a Russian army by a surer standard. Military men remembered the fearful assault of Ockzæow, the conquest of Poland in a time barely sufficient to march through it, and the victorious entry into Warsaw, from which, not many years before, the king of Prussia had been driven with disgrace.
At this period, the French papers were filled with jests against the Russians; no efforts were made to prevent their march, and Suwarrow came regularly on, with an army gathering in its progress, and sucking up the population of every province through which he passed.
At this time, the French were defeated both in Italy and Germany. Jourdan was repulsed by the Archduke; Kray had hazarded disobedience of the orders of his court, and attacked the French, accustomed to be beaten, cared little for reverses, whilst the Austrians, scarcely believing themselves victorious, neglected the advantages of success.
The grand error of the French was in permitting the junction of the Austrians and Russians, for no sooner had the latter arrived in Italy, than the Austrians, seemingly satisfied by two victories, were animated by the presence of the Russians to hope for more.
The battle of Trebia was well contested. The dangerous position of the French army roused them to extraordinary effects, but the steadiness of the Austrians and Russians curbed their impetuosity.
In their tactics, the Russians were the scholars of Frederick the great. In describing a Russian army we must begin with Suwarrow:— Who that has heard of the exploits of Suwarrow, would figure to himself a little old man in his shirt, on horseback or on foot, without a hat upon his head, whether in a storm of rain or the most piercing heat...
His maxim was to close with his enemy, persuaded that the valour of his troops would support him, and though the French were not, like the Turks, easily routed, yet the novelty of being attacked damped their ardour, and threw them into confusion from which they did not soon recover as they were not prepared to form a defensive line.
The Russian soldier is rather deficient in instruction than intelligence; the unrelaxing obedience to which he is trained from his birth, the rigorous discipline of the armies, his separation from all other civilized countries, whose language and customs are entirely unknown to him, make him more obedient to his officers, more passive and enduring than any other soldier in the world.
The Russian officers, are in general ignorant; they are intrepid in their ranks, but, like their soldiers, by the effect of discipline.—Theft, and impiety, are objects of less horror in other countries, than the slightest breach of military discipline with a Russian army.
Swarrow was not only a general with his army; he was a kind of prophet. Those who saw him in his ordinary habit, and common practices, must have thought him a fool, or a buffoon. But his pranks were replete with wisdom—his folly was that of an Ulysses.
Swarrow was in years when he entered Italy, but he had the activity and ardour of youth; every thing about him was singular and quaint.—He kissed the hands of his guests on receiving them, and their cheeks upon taking leave; in speaking he writhed his face and body into the contortions of an antic, and what he could not express by language, he eked out by signs.
His table was remarkable for the want of every thing that could provoke the appetite, or satisfy a delicate taste. It was the tent of a Tartar Chief, rather than the camp of a general who commanded two imperial armies.
As a soldier, he had formed himself and his army upon his wars with the Turks; he was thus more suited to win a battle than conduct a campaign, to carry on a war of invasion, than of defence.
At Zurich, when Suwarrow was absent, the Russians were defeated by the disadvantages of ground, the surprise of the enemy, and intelligence which had misled them.
In Holland it was in vain to contend with the swamps, the dykes, and the inundations. The Russians attack with the bayonet, vociferating in a kind of Indian howl, Ouri, Ouri: no troops can resist this shock.
The troops that would withstand their onset must not wait for it, but meet it half way; the French are rather rash and daring than intrepid; in approaching the long and extended bayonets of the Russians, brave death for victory, and pay it as the price of conquest.
In every company there is some one conspicuous above the rest, who obtains his honours from the suffrages of his comrades. He is their example and their model.—When soldiers are accustomed to such sentiments, the man need only give an example for the rest to follow him; it is in this which a leader is the soul of an army.
The Russian cavalry is formed upon the model of that of Prussia, but it is not equal to it.—The Cossacks are excellent for the guard of a camp, and advanced Posts; their vigilance and activity are singular.
Genoa was the only strong place which held out in Italy, and the Marshal was about to cross into Switzerland when he learned that the French were approaching to the deliverance of Tortona.
At this period the Russians were recalled, and their general disgraced. In the character of Suwarrow the officers of the Russian army are described; they are chiefly of his school.
The soldiers are ill paid, but individuals often obtain magnificent rewards. The service is a sort of lottery, in which fortune and favour distribute the prizes.
The Russians are not good engineers, and are thus ill adapted for carrying on sieges. The flying artillery, which makes a French army so formidable, is little known or used by the Russians.
COW-POX. THOSE persons who wish to avoid catching the Small-Pox which now exists in this Borough, are informed that the subscriber has again succeeded in introducing the Vaccine Infection, and that he now has several arms fit to inoculate from.
He has returned to his old shop at the lower end of the new market. George Balfour. An APPRENTICE wanted. Nov. 10.

THE PUBLICK LEDGER.
TO SHEW THE VERY AGE AND BODY OF THE TIME, HIS FORM AND PRESSURE.
MONDAY EVENING, NOV. 11, 1805.
Yesterday arrived in Hampton Roads, the United States' frigate Constellation, Captain Stewart, also the transport brig Franklin, Captain Robinson, in 46 days from Gibraltar. In the latter came passenger Captain Chamberlain, late of the ship Argus, of this port, vessel and cargo condemned at Gibraltar. Captain C. has favoured us with a Gibraltar paper of the 21st of September, from which we have taken a list of the combined fleet in Cadiz, and one article respecting the conduct of the French in the action of the 22d of July. The United States' frigate John Adams, was to sail in three days for the United States. It was reported at Gibraltar, that the Rochfort squadron had been captured—a similar report has been received by the brig Juno, Captain Edwards, from Huelva (in Spain,) but we do not place any dependence in these reports, as it was stated in our London advices, that the Rochfort squadron had got back early in September.
The combined squadron in Cadiz, is composed of 18 French ships of the line and 5 frigates, (vide list) in all 33 sail of the line and 7 frigates. The British blockading force was 24 ships of the line, two of the ships being either at Teutau or Gibraltar Bay.—Admiral Nelson had not arrived, but would probably arrive in three or four days, as we observe he went on board the Victory, on the 16th of September, having with him four sail of the line. If the combined fleet did not go out while only opposed by 24 sail of the line, it will not probably move after the arrival of Lord Nelson.
GENERAL EATON.—We have the pleasure to announce the arrival of this gentleman, he came passenger in the brig Franklin, from Gibraltar. General Eaton landed at Hampton yesterday, and proceeded this morning to Washington.
The brig Franklin touched at Madeira on her passage from Gibraltar. A British fleet of 160 sail, including 15 vessels of war, of which three were of the line, sailed from Madeira on the 14th of September, to the southward.
The letter which we publish from Nassau, in New-Providence, is copied from a Philadelphia paper, at which city it was received. We cannot give full credit to the contents of this letter, and expect that it has been written without attending to all the facts of the case which furnished occasion for writing it. It requires often more than a bare superficial observation, to determine the point on which a cause is determined. We, however, shall not be surprised to hear of new restrictions upon our commercial intercourse with the belligerent powers. In a contest like the present, neutral rights are not much respected.
In Europe, the British courts have decided, that an American vessel cannot go from Europe directly to the settlement of an European power in the East-Indies, or come directly from thence to Europe, the expeditions must commence and terminate in the United States.
Under an impression that this construction would extend to American vessels, bound from Europe to any country beyond the Cape of Good Hope, the ship Swanwick of Philadelphia, was carried in for adjudication, but it appearing that she was from Amsterdam bound to China, she was liberated.
A NEWSPAPER, is established at Fayetteville in North-Carolina, called the "North-Carolina Intelligencer and Fayetteville Advertiser," the first number was published on the first day of the present month.
Copy of a circular letter from his Danish majesty's consul general, to the vice consul of that government, in the different States.
"PHILADELPHIA, 29th October, 1805."
"Sir, "As the same danger with which vessels proceeding from the United States to Danish ports, are liable to threaten the publick state of health, in no less degree exists with those bound to other ports on the Baltic—his majesty's government has invited the neighbouring powers to adopt similar precautions with vessels bound from the United States, to any of their respective ports, as by the royal ordinance of 15th May last, has been prescribed for Danish vessels, as well as others proceeding from the United States to any Danish port. It has in consequence thereof, been agreed between his majesty's government, and the governments of Sweden, Russia, and of Prussia that consular certificates shall henceforth be furnished either by Danish consuls or vice consuls, where those powers themselves have no commercial agents, or by theirs vice versa, where no Danish consul or vice consul resides. Any vessel therefore, to which ever nation it may belong, who, after publick notice has been given of this regulation, shall proceed from the United States to any Danish port, or any port on the Baltic, without being provided with a consular certificate of health, will absolutely, on its arrival at the sound or at its port of destination, if not bound to the Baltic, be subjected to quarantine for a longer or shorter time, according to circumstances, even if it should be provided with clean bills of health from the respective authorities."
COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT.
Extract of a letter from Nassau, N. P. dated 16th October.
"ALL AMERICAN VESSELS, BOUND TO ENGLISH PORTS WITH A CARGO NOT THE PRODUCE OF THE UNITED STATES, WILL BE LIABLE TO CONFISCATION."
MARRIED—On Saturday last by the Reverend Mr. Grigsby, The Hon. THOMAS NEWTON, JUN. Representative to Congress for this District, to Mrs. MARGARET POOL, of this Borough.
DIED—At New-York, BARTHOLOMEW CLYNCH, ESQUIRE, of Portsmouth; he was a native of Ireland, but had resided in this country for upwards of twenty years, in which time he had formed a numerous and respectable acquaintance, and had acquired a great many friends, whose regret for his death, is a certain evidence of the esteem in which he was held by them.
From the Baltimore Federal Gazette.
The Editors submit to their readers the following observations, which they have just received from a distant Correspondent—without either adding to, or diminishing from, their merit, matter or spirit.
It is well known that the present administration obtained the reins of government under the most auspicious circumstances. Wars had been threatened, prepared against, and averted by the energy of their predecessors; and the United States, resigned to their sole keeping at peace with all the world, and enjoying an undisturbed commerce and profound tranquility. The new administration held out to the people, that this state of things could be preserved by the magic of words—to oblige nations to do to the United States justice on every occasion, no more was required than that the United States should be just to them.
This system of defence, and for obtaining justice from foreign nations, was printed on silk or vellum, ornamented with gilt frames, and preserved as a precious relict in parlours and dining-rooms. Its efficacy was soon tried.
France, once supreme on the continent of North-America, wanted to regain an establishment there, from whence she could annoy the English West-India colonies before they could be succoured by the mother country, and at the same time a position which should enable her to influence the councils or the fate of the United States.
To accomplish this double object, Spain had the goodness to turn over to France the province of Louisiana; and further, and before she was put in possession of it, and while the transaction was yet a secret to our government, to violate her treaty with the United States, by occluding from New-Orleans the entry and exit of the productions of our fields.
Here now was an opportunity to make trial of the new system. The most potent words were accordingly summoned on the occasion; but in Madrid they were heard without emotion; and at the Tuileries, the spell which they contained, at the voice of Talleyrand, fell to the ground without effect.
As such were the views of France, at the period here referred to; as France, at this very moment, had an army in her ports destined to take possession of Louisiana, to what circumstance do the United States owe the suspension of its sailing, and the consequent purchase of this province? Was it, or was it not, to Buonaparte's perceiving that a war with England was inevitable, and the strong probability there existed, that if not speedily sold to the United States, it would be seized by England?
The subsequent conduct of Spain and France may serve to explain the true spirit of this transaction. The payment of the purchase-money is no sooner secured to France, than Spain declares her opposition to the sale, more especially to the French boundaries of Louisiana, for which the United States had bargained, and occupies with her retiring troops a military position on the east bank of the Mississippi, calculated to occlude all approach (except by sea) to New-Orleans, and which she still holds, in defiance of our government.
Again the new system is resorted to. Administration carry their remonstrances to the court of Spain and to the cabinet of Buonaparte. Spain will not hear them on the subject, and the latter is not in a humour to interpose his good offices. Our ministers retire from the vain pursuit in despair, and recommend strong remedies, composed of gunpowder, cannon balls and bayonets, to the administration.
While this affair is thus situated, another crisis, big with danger to France, arrives. Buonaparte is threatened with a new and terrible host of foes, consisting of all or most of the northern powers, in addition to her inveterate enemy, England.
This formidable array is no sooner made evident to the mind of Buonaparte, than he listens to our Minister at Paris, and will not only and the United States to settle their differences with Spain, but to obtain from her a still more extended boundary.
Such, it is confidently believed, is the present state of things.
Let the thinking part of the community ponder well upon these several circumstances, and believe if they can, that what has been thus parted with is not intended to be resumed, under some pretext or other, whenever circumstances shall favour the resumption!
But no sooner does the hurricane from one quarter intermit, than it begins to blow with violence from another quarter.
France has for some time past laboured to exclude from every country in Europe the manufactures of England. We are now told, that England is determined, as far as in her power, to keep from her enemies the productions of their colonies, by enforcing the principle that "makes legal prize neutral ships trading to an enemy's colony which had been subject to a close monopoly on the part of the mother country in time of peace, and only been opened by the enemy to neutrals, in order to relieve himself from the difficulties of the war."
According to this law or principle, a neutral ship, trading to an enemy's colony of this description, with all the privileges enjoyed by the ships of the enemy concerned in the same branch of commerce, is, from this circumstance, considered as adopted and naturalized by the enemy; consequently is looked upon as an enemy's ship, and liable to capture.
This, we are constrained to observe, is not a modern doctrine, coined and circulated by England, to suit a pressing occasion: The law, in this respect, is thus laid down by the late lord Mansfield, in the war that commenced in the year 1756; has been long admitted for a general law of nations; and has been more or less practised by all nations, where it has not been otherwise stipulated by particular treaties, or relaxed by particular circumstances. If we take examples from England, we shall find, that although her maritime courts have, from well-known considerations, occasionally departed from its rigour, they have never, for a single moment, disadhered from the principle.
Should it now be enforced by Great Britain (a thing very likely, from the singular situation of the French commerce, and the impossibility of France's supplying her people with the productions of her colonies by means of her own shipping) it will fall most heavily on the commerce of the United States. The wealth of the merchants of the United States had enabled them to become almost the sole purchasers of all French and Dutch colonial produce, and the relaxation of the before-mentioned principle, on the part of England, almost the sole carriers and venders of it in France and the countries of her allies.
If this principle is to be resisted by the United States, what ground shall be taken? Shall we once more attempt the "powerful spell of words," without
preparing for war? or shall we submit to the Law, and leave those taken in contravening it to suffer the penalty?
It is true, there are other measures besides war that may be resorted to; but is it not certain that these lead to a great and general distress, or inevitable war?
Two things seem necessary to extricate the United States from their present situation: 1st. Such a war against France by the threatened combination of powers, as shall induce her to put an end to our differences with Spain: 2dly. A speedy and general peace, to secure us from a war with England.
Now, having discarded all faith in the spell of words, and believing that our administration can neither influence the one nor the other of these events, and fearing that there exists a radical defect in our cabinet, like good Christians, we humbly place our reliance upon Divine Providence, who can extract good out of evil, and safety out of our weakness.
Schuylkill Bridge.—The bridge has been six years in building, and cost about 275,000 dollars, including the cash moiety of the purchase of the site; for which 40,000 were paid to the city corporation, half in cash, and half in bridge shares.
Table with 2 columns: Feature, Cost. Rows include Length of the bridge, Abutments and wing walls, Total length, Span of small arches, etc.
SALEM, October 28. The ship Portland, formerly of Boston, captain Mellin, is said to have been cut off at the Friendly Islands in the Pacific Ocean. The accident is supposed to have happened about 18 months since.
PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 4. Arrived, schooner Adela, Autun, 18 days from Cape Francois. Left there the ship Hindostan, Taylor, of Philadelphia, for Gonaives; schooner John, Dickenson, Philadelphia, discharging; Barcus, Thomas, do. Mary Ann, Bardon, of New-York, to sail in 20 days; Austes, Williams, do. discharging.
Captain Autun informs, that the Hindostan had been near four weeks in port without breaking bulk, owing to the regulations lately decreed obliging every arrival to value in rotation upon American and Indigenous merchants, which the supercargoes of the Hindostan resisted not chusing to have their business done by a black merchant.
Arrived on Sunday, schooner Adela, captain Autun, 18 days from Cape Francois. By this arrival we have seen Cape papers to the 4th ult. from which we have translated the following decrees, regulating the trade of the Haytian empire:
IMPERIAL DECREE. JACQUES I. EMPEROR OF HAYTI. Commander in Chief of the armies, by the Grace of God and the Constitutional law of the state. Desirous to dispense, equally and without distinction the favours of the Government, and to secure to the authorised consignees, (and this without respect to private interests or particular privileges) the benefits resulting from the Imperial Decrees of August 1, present year: Decrees, as follows, to be executed throughout the whole extent of the empire: 1. All authorised commercial houses for receiving consignments shall have and exercise equal and similar rights, agreeably to the favour granted by the above mentioned law. 2. Consequently according to the principle of the preceding article, each consignee shall be permitted in his turn, and following the order of the number affixed to his commission, to sell and have the responsibility of foreign vessels. 3. This distribution shall be calculated so that no authorised consignee, however favoured, or whatever his claims shall receive a number of vessels exceeding those received by other consignees. 4. According to the preceding article, each merchant already commissioned, is required to present his patent to the secretary general of the government, who will impart to it the requisite formality. Done at the Imperial Palace, September 6.
IMPERIAL DECREE. JACQUES I. EMPEROR OF HAYTI, Commander in Chief of the armies, by the Grace of God and the Constitutional law of the state. Desirous of restraining the frequent abuses in the receipt of the duties of importation and exportation, as also in the receipt of the tax of one fourth, levied on the territorial produce: Considering the necessity of restricting the exportation of specie to foreign countries: Considering moreover, the necessity of inflicting upon fraudulent speculations and publick dilapidations, punishments commensurate with the crimes they commit: Decrees as follows: to be carried into effect throughout the whole extent of the empire: Art. 1. Every vessel which shall be discovered trespassing against the laws, either as it relates to the duties of importation or of exportation, shall, together with her cargo, be confiscated for the benefit of the state. 2. When a vessel shall be suspected of fraud, the armed force shall be called upon by the administrator of the place, who, assisted by the collector of the custom-house, and in presence of the comptroller and the commandant of the place, shall proceed to the unloading and examination thereof, in the strictest manner; a process verbal of which shall be drawn up and immediately forwarded to the minister of finances. 3. Every collector of a place in which a vessel shall be seized for fraud, either on account of the du-
ties of importation or of exportation, shall be deprived of his property, and punished with the utmost rigor of the law.
4. Every authorised mercantile house receiving consignments, is bound to make known to the administrator of the place, before the vessel consigned to it be permitted to sail, the amount of the sale of her cargo, in produce, and the surplus of the specie which it has not been able to convert into produce, shall be deposited in the treasury; a receipt for the amount thereof shall be given by said administrator, payable in produce of the place, at the current prices, and to the order of the bearer.
5. The consignees shall be required to produce (in addition to the statement of duties made out by the collector) upon the cargo of each vessel the permits for the sale thereof, which shall be deposited in the office of the administrator.
6. Every foreign vessel shall be required within twenty-four hours after her arrival in any port, to declare her intention of disposing of the cargo there, or of sailing to another port.
7. Every individual who shall be convicted of having purchased goods without receiving a regular permit therewith, shall be imprisoned six months and his property confiscated.
8. Every holder of a permit to dispose of his goods, is required to deposit it in the revenue office; (bureau des domaines) a quantity of new permits, proportionate to the amount of goods he may have on hand, shall be delivered to him.
9. Every Haytian of whatever rank or station he may be, who shall be convicted of having sold produce before having paid the rent of his farm, the impost of one fourth, and the proportion receivable by the cultivators, shall be prosecuted criminally.
10. Every one renting or owning a farm shall be obliged to carry the amount of the one fourth belonging to the cultivators, to the office of the justice of the peace, to be then divided amongst them, in his presence, and in that of the commandant of the place, who shall both certify the account sales of the said farmers or proprietors. Done at the Imperial Palace, Gonaives, 23d September, 1805.
DESSALINES.
CHARLESTON, October 29.
An article has appeared under the head of New-York, stating that the British had landed 1500 troops at Cape Nicholas Mole, for the purpose of retaining possession of that place. We are authorised to state, that this report is not founded in fact. Our informant left the Mole about three weeks since, at which period nothing of the kind had taken place, nor was there any British naval force in that quarter.
Times.
October 30.
The American schooner Nelson, Thompson, from Savanna-la-mar, Jamaica, for this port, was captured on the 14th inst. in lat. 24, off the coast of Florida, by the Spanish privateer El Venganza, Antonio Ric, master, who took from capt. Thompson upwards of 9000 dollars in specie, then took out all his people, and put on board a prize-master and six men, and ordered her for Campeachy, but after the privateer left the schooner, capt. Thompson prevailed on the prize-master to carry her into Mariel, ten leagues from the Havana.—Capt. Thompson had got to the Havana, where the owner of the privateer resided, and had hopes that he would be able to recover his losses from him.
The schooner Letitia, Franklin, from Philadelphia for New-Orleans, was captured on the 16th inst. off the Matanzas, and sent into Havana, by the Spanish privateer Vengeance, capt. Antonio Rouett.
GIBRALTAR, Sept. 21.
We have been favoured with a sight of a Spanish letter dated Vigo Bay, July 28th, and written by an officer of high rank in the Spanish division of the combined fleet. This letter, the authenticity of which is undoubted, states, that the Spanish ships suffered very much, and would all have been taken, had it not been for the timely assistance given them by the Pluton, whose brave captain Cosmao must be excepted from the general charge of cowardice so justly brought against the others—that the whole of the 23d passed in a state of uncertainty; and that it was not till late in the evening of that day, that Villeneuve sent notice to the several commanders, of his intention to renew the engagement on the morrow: a very material circumstance, which is in direct opposition to the assertion in the official accounts, "that the 23d was spent in unavailing exertions to overtake the English fleet"—that they heard at the same time, of the Firme and San Rafael having fallen into the hands of the enemy; though so late as the 29th, the commander in chief, "could not yet understand how these ships happened to be missing"—that the conduct of the French division in the action, was a disgrace to their nation; that they hurried the Spaniards into an engagement; and, after exposing them to the most imminent danger, left them to shift for themselves. (Here the writer confidently appeals to the French themselves to bear witness to the conduct of his countrymen, placed in the van, with six ships badly armed, of unequal strength, and the crews of which were exhausted by excessive labour, hunger, and thirst)—that the whole of 150 boxes of coined silver, found on board a rich Spanish ship re-captured by the combined fleet, had been conveyed on board Villeneuve's flagship, as well as the remainder of her cargo—and finally that the French admiral was expected soon to be removed from his command, as one of the emperor's aides-de-camp, who went with the fleet to give a private account of its operations to his master, had written him word that the Spaniards alone had done their duty.
The account of the insurrection at Vienna, given, in a preceding column, from the English papers, perfectly agrees with that published, in No. 22, of the Chronicle, concerning the part the French took in those disturbances, the whole is further and very strongly corroborated by the following extract from the "Courier Milanais," which contains most bitter complaints of the severity of the Austrian police against French subjects; and which may, besides, be considered as a kind of manifesto, preparatory to the rupture which is daily expected to take place between the two powers.
List of the ships composing the combined squadron, which anchored in Cadiz on the 20th of last month.
Table with 3 columns: Spanish ships, Guns, Commanders. Rows include Argonauta (80), Principe de Asturias (120), Neptuno (80), etc.

  San Ildefonso 74 Brig. Don Josef Bargas.   San Francisco de Asis 74 Capt. D. Luis de Frores.   San Fulgencio 64 Capt. Don Joaquin de Ribera.   Flora 44 Capt. Don Pablo Perez.   El Mercurio 24 Capt. Don Fco. Grandalana.   French Ships.   Le Bucentaure 80 Commandant Gen. Admiral Villeneuve.   Le Formidable 80 Maj. Gen. M. Prigny.   Le Algeciras 74 M. Magendie.   Le Neptune 80 Rear Adm. Dumanoir.   Le Pluton 74 M. Letelier.   L'Indomptable 80 Rear Admiral Magon.   Le Mont Blanc 74 M. Brouard.   Le Swiftsure 74 M. Mastral.   Le Scipion 74 M. Cosmao.   Le Berwick 74 M. Hubert.   L'Intrepide 74 M. La Villegries.   L'Aigle 74 M. Villmarin.   Le Heros 74 M. Berenger.   Le Fougueux 74 M. Camas.   Le Duguay-Trouin 74 M. Infernet.   L'Argonaute 74 M. Courrege.   Le Redoutable 74 M. Poulain.   L'Achille 74 M. Boudouin.   L'Hermione 40 M. Touffet.   L'Hortense 40 M. Epron.   La Corniche 40 M. Lucas.   La Themis 40 M. de D'incourt.   Le Rhin 40 M. Mahe. 
Spanish Ships ready in Cadiz Harbour, besides the above mentioned
LONDON, September 9.
PRISONERS OF WAR.
The following interesting paper forms part of the correspondence which took place with a view to obtain the liberation of the gallant Captain Wright, through the intervention of the Spanish ambassador at Paris:—
Declaration of the British Government,
Respecting the persons seized and detained in France, in violation of the laws of nations, and of hospitality, and stating the terms upon which it will consent to a general cartel for an exchange of prisoners of war.
“DOWNING-STREET, August 28, 1804.
SIR,  I have had the honour to lay before lord Camden, your letter of the 17th ult. inclosing the copy of a letter from Mr. Riviere, written by order of the French minister of marine and colonies, to the commissioners for the custody of prisoners of war, claiming the release of the French crews and garrisons that were made prisoners by his majesty's squadron off Cape Francois, in the island of St. Domingo, on the 30th of November last, in virtue of the 2nd article of the convention then agreed to by the English and French commanders; and in answer thereto, I am directed to communicate to you his lordship's sentiments, for the information of the lords commissioners of the admiralty, in order that they may be transmitted, through Mr. Riviere, to the French government. In that letter, Mr. Riviere states, that the minister, under whose orders he acts, directs him to observe, ‘That the misfortunes of war are sufficiently heavy in themselves, and call particularly on those who, by their situation on either side, are so powerfully enabled to influence the fate of humanity, not to seek occasions reciprocally to aggravate those misfortunes still more, either by evasions or dissensions, unworthy of their publick character;’ and he concludes his despatch by remarking, ‘That the admiralty may be assured of the direct and decided intention of the government of France, that none of the duties of humanity shall be neglected in favour of prisoners of war.’ The sentiments thus avowed are congenial with those which are entertained by his majesty's ministers; and, however much the conduct hitherto adopted by the French government has differed from those sentiments, I am notwithstanding directed by lord Camden to lay before you the following statement, as he cannot, from Mr. Riviere's expressions, but entertain the expectation, that when the justice of the cases which I proceed to lay before you, for his information, shall be considered, the French government will afford that satisfaction to this country, which she has a right to expect.
“At the very outset of the war, even before his majesty's ambassador had left France, a very considerable number of his majesty's subjects, who were resident in France by the permission of the French government, and, on the faith of the law of nations, or under the protection of passports from the ministers of France, were, in defiance of the established practice of European nations, detained as prisoners in France, and have since been confined in distant fortresses in that country. Whilst this flagrant violation of those laws and customs, by which civilized nations have so long been guided, has taken place in France, his majesty's government have yet allowed all persons who are of the class known in the cartel of the last war by the designation of non-combatants, to return to France; and 326 persons of this description have been actually sent to France, whilst only one person of the same description is known by the transport board to have been sent from France to this country. Lord Camden conceives that this plain statement sufficiently marks the different principles which actuated the conduct of the two nations, and therefore makes no further comment or observation upon it, but directs me to state to you other circumstances connected with this subject:—
“In the month of June 1803, a detachment of his majesty's troops landed on the island of St. Lucia; and, on terms of capitulation being refused, they stormed the chief fortress on that island, and took the garrison prisoners of war; but so far from using the power which a victory so obtained might have afforded him, his majesty's commanding officer, though he might have kept the garrison prisoners in the West Indies—though he might have sent them to England, stripped of all their private property, there to be retained in prison; yet, upon the highest principle of honour and humanity, he sent them to their own country on their parole, with an entire confidence of their being immediately exchanged.—No acknowledgement of this generous conduct has been made, and not a single British prisoner has been released in return for the garrison of St. Lucia.  “In the same month of June, 1803, the island of Tobago was attacked by a strong British force, and, on being summoned to surrender, General Berthier, the commandant, not being in a situation to make resistance, proposed a capitulation the most favourable to the French garrison, which consisted of only 89 rank and file. It was in the power of his majesty's commanding officer, to have forced the garrison
to surrender at discretion, yet he humanely agreed to the capitulation proposed, and sent the garrison to France at the expense of Great Britain.
“In October 1803, the French garrison of Pondicherry, consisting of 177 persons, cut off from all possibility of support, were summoned to surrender by a strong detachment of his majesty's forces, when, on their proposing a capitulation, the British commanding officer, who might have reduced them without the danger of loss, consented to allow them the most favourable and generous conditions: they to be carried to France, and to receive full pay till their arrival, from the Indian company, and were only debited from serving again for a year and a day.
“A cartel ship, named the Matilda, was taken into employment for this service, which a few days ago arrived in the channel, and immediately proceeded off Havre. That port being blockaded, the cartel was directed to proceed to Tecamp. Upon its arrival off that port, no notice being taken of the ship, several of the French officers requested to be allowed to enter the port in a boat. This was permitted; but, on advancing near the harbour with a flag of truce, the boat was so repeatedly fired upon, that they were obliged to relinquish the attempt, and the cartel has arrived in the Downs.
“Notwithstanding these circumstances, and that the last publick cartel ship was fired upon from Morlaix, which is pointed out by the French government, as the port to which flags of truce are to be sent, the cartel has been ordered to proceed to that port, and to make another attempt to carry the capitulation entered into at Pondicherry into execution.
“I now proceed to state individual cases, to show the spirit which actuates the government of France.  “Captain Turien, commander of the French frigate Francaise, was allowed to go to France, on his parole to return to England in three months, if he could not procure the exchange of Captain Brenton, of his majesty's frigate Minerva. The liberation of Captain Brenton has been refused, and the French government have proposed to substitute,—1st. Colonel Craufurd,—2ndly, Mr. McNamara,—and, 3rdly, a Colonel Smith;—the two former of whom being resident in France at the time of the rupture between the two countries, were detained as prisoners contrary to the law of nations; and Colonel Smith is not known to be in the army or the navy of this country.
“I am next to advert to the capture and detention of Lieutenant Dillon:—Lieutenant Dillon, of his majesty's frigate L'Africaine, was sent into Helvoet on the 20th July, 1803, in a six-oared cutter, with a flag of truce, and was there seized and detained with his crew. Upon a representation being made on the subject, a letter was received from the officer commanding at the Texel, under date October 16, 1803, to the officer commanding his Britannick majesty's ships off that port, stating, that orders had been issued by the council of the Batavian navy, to the commanding officer at Helvoet, on the 30th of July preceding, for the entire release of the said Lieutenant, flag of truce, and equipage; in consequence whereof he departed on the same day, but that he was on his return carried back by a French armed boat, and transported on board the ship of the commandant of a French division stationed at the same post. It appears that remonstrances have been made by the Batavian Republick to the French government for the liberation of Lieutenant Dillon, but notwithstanding these circumstances, Lieutenant Dillon is still detained a prisoner in the territory of France, in open violation of every privilege in relation to flags of truce, established and acknowledged by civilized nations.
“But the case of Captain Wright deserves and requires more observation than even any of these I have laid before you:—It appears that Captain Wright, commanding his majesty's sloop El Vinco (which was taken off the coast of Brittany, on the 20th of May last, by several gun boats), instead of meeting with that liberal treatment which has uniformly been experienced by French officers in similar cases, was sent, with circumstances of peculiar indignity and severity, to Paris, subjected to close imprisonment in the Temple, and obliged to undergo repeated interrogatories before a court of justice, when none of the facts alleged against him, would, if true, authorize the French government to consider Captain Wright in other light than as a prisoner of war, and as entitled to every privilege of that situation. Lord Camden finds it difficult to permit me to advert to a case of this flagrant nature in the terms and expressions to which this communication ought to be confined; for he believes that no age has yet produced an instance of a gallant officer, who, after defending his ship to the utmost, was obliged to surrender, and who, thus becoming a prisoner of war, was entitled to all the respect which his conduct merited, was yet dragged to the capital of the hostile country, and interrogated there, in a manner most unjustifiable, upon a subject which he could not, and ought not to answer. Captain Wright's judgment and firmness appeared to be as conspicuous under the circumstances in which he was placed, as his gallantry in his particular profession; but he yet remains a close prisoner in the Temple at Paris, an example of the honour, the firmness, and the spirit of the British character.
“I close this statement with this case; and I now proceed to state to you for the information of Mr. Riviere, that, in order to lessen the evils of war, and to consult the interest of humanity, his majesty has twice invited the French government to accede to the principle of a general cartel, founded on the basis of that which existed between the two nations in the last war. The accession to those proposals has, however, been evaded by the French government, by insisting that the Hanoverians are to be considered as British prisoners, when they cannot be ignorant that the case of the invasion of Hanover, and the war with the king of Great Britain, are perfectly distinct in all their circumstances; when they know, that during several years of the last war, the Electoral Dominions of Hanover were at peace with France, and that no mention was made of Hanover in the treaty of the peace at Amiens, forming in any manner whatsoever a part of the British Empire; and when they equally know that no Hanoverian is a British subject; but, on the contrary, considered by the laws of Great Britain, as an alien and foreigner, and over whom, there is no controul in this country.
“Having laid before you this statement, it remains for me now, only to advert to the particular subject of Mr. Riviere's letter; viz. that those French prisoners which surrendered at Cape Francois, by capitulation, in November 1803, should be sent to France without delay. On this part of the subject, I am, in the first place, directed by lord Camden to refer you to the inclosed copy of the statement to vice admiral Duckworth, by capt. Bligh, respecting the said capitulation, in order that, by a communication thereof to Mr. Riviere, no pretence may be made of ignorance with respect to all its particulars. Upon this statement of capt. Bligh, Lord Camden directs me to make the following observations:—First, it appears that in a moment the most critical to the French garrison, all possibility of their escape cut off, their position being such that their falling a sacrifice to the vengeance of the inhabitants of St. Domingo was inevitable, no time being allowed for consideration and adjustment of the terms and niceties of a formal capitulation, a paper of articles readily prepared by the French commanding officer was presented to capt. Bligh, who, actuated by motives of generosity and compassion, immediately consented thereto, with certain modifications, and with
great difficulty, induced general Dessalines also to consent to them; which modifications (as there was no time to reduce them to regular written terms) the French commanders, in the presence of capt. Bligh and three of his officers, promised on their honour to ratify as soon as they should arrive at Jamaica.—Secondly, On the faith of this promise, thus fully and distinctly given in the presence of four British officers, who certify the fact, the French garrison were received under the protection of his majesty's squadron, and removed from certain and immediate destruction; but as soon as by these means they were placed in a state of security, they retracted their promise, and refused to ratify the very engagements by which they were saved.
“Lord Camden has thought it necessary that a statement of the transactions which took place at Cape Francois should be detailed to Mr. Riviere, in order that the French government may be aware of all the circumstances of the case, and how equitably his majesty might be authorised in acting conformably thereto. Still, however, with that scrupulous adherence to capitulations and treaties which have ever distinguished this nation, his majesty will not insist upon any point which is not included in the words of the capitulation of Cape Francois, and will be guided in his conduct by the written instrument alone.
“I am now, therefore, directed by lord Camden, to desire that it may be stated to Mr. Riviere, that no time will be lost in carrying into execution the capitulation of Cape Francois, whenever his majesty's government shall be enabled, from the conduct of the French government, to effectuate that measure; and that, so soon as a number of British prisoners, equal in number, and proportionate in rank to the garrison of St. Lucia, shall be sent to England, a proportion of the garrison which capitulated at Cape Francois shall be sent to France, in order to be exchanged.—This proposition is made upon the principle of evincing the most scrupulous regard to the capitulation agreed to by his majesty's officers; but lord Camden hopes that the French government may be induced to ulterior measures, in which the cause of ulterior measures, in which the cause of general justice and humanity is concerned, and which are calculated to alleviate those evils of warfare, which Mr. Riviere so truly states ought not to be aggravated.
“I am, therefore, secondly, to desire it should be proposed to Mr. Riviere, that if the French government shall release those persons, natives of Great Britain and Ireland, who were resident in France at the commencement of hostilities by the permission of the French government, or the passports of their ministers, and who have been detained in France captive contrary to the law of nations; and if lieut. Dillon shall be liberated, and capt. Wright released from his confinement, and treated as a prisoner of war, a general cartel, upon the basis so properly agreed to during the last war, should be established between the two countries.
“It must be obvious to Mr. Riviere, and to the French minister of marine under whom he acts, how deeply his majesty must be impressed by the already lengthened and unjust captivity of his subjects; and by the circumstances of lieut. Dillon's detention, and capt. Wright's imprisonment; and how reasonable it is to expect an honourable redress in those points, previous to the establishment of a general cartel. When this sentiment is conveyed to Mr. Riviere, I am directed to desire that their lordships may, at the same time, impress upon him the confident expectation of his majesty's government, that if the French government shall embrace the measure of a general cartel, they will not again impede its progress, by requiring terms in which it is known that it is impossible for his majesty to acquiesce.
I am, &c. “EDWARD COOKE.” Wm. Marsden, Esq. Sec. &c. &c.
great difficulty, induced general Dessalines also to consent to them; which modifications (as there was no time to reduce them to regular written terms) the French commanders, in the presence of capt. Bligh and three of his officers, promised on their honour to ratify as soon as they should arrive at Jamaica.—Secondly, On the faith of this promise, thus fully and distinctly given in the presence of four British officers, who certify the fact, the French garrison were received under the protection of his majesty's squadron, and removed from certain and immediate destruction; but as soon as by these means they were placed in a state of security, they retracted their promise, and refused to ratify the very engagements by which they were saved.
“Lord Camden has thought it necessary that a statement of the transactions which took place at Cape Francois should be detailed to Mr. Riviere, in order that the French government may be aware of all the circumstances of the case, and how equitably his majesty might be authorised in acting conformably thereto. Still, however, with that scrupulous adherence to capitulations and treaties which have ever distinguished this nation, his majesty will not insist upon any point which is not included in the words of the capitulation of Cape Francois, and will be guided in his conduct by the written instrument alone.
“I am now, therefore, directed by lord Camden, to desire that it may be stated to Mr. Riviere, that no time will be lost in carrying into execution the capitulation of Cape Francois, whenever his majesty's government shall be enabled, from the conduct of the French government, to effectuate that measure; and that, so soon as a number of British prisoners, equal in number, and proportionate in rank to the garrison of St. Lucia, shall be sent to England, a proportion of the garrison which capitulated at Cape Francois shall be sent to France, in order to be exchanged.—This proposition is made upon the principle of evincing the most scrupulous regard to the capitulation agreed to by his majesty's officers; but lord Camden hopes that the French government may be induced to ulterior measures, in which the cause of ulterior measures, in which the cause of general justice and humanity is concerned, and which are calculated to alleviate those evils of warfare, which Mr. Riviere so truly states ought not to be aggravated.
“I am, therefore, secondly, to desire it should be proposed to Mr. Riviere, that if the French government shall release those persons, natives of Great Britain and Ireland, who were resident in France at the commencement of hostilities by the permission of the French government, or the passports of their ministers, and who have been detained in France captive contrary to the law of nations; and if lieut. Dillon shall be liberated, and capt. Wright released from his confinement, and treated as a prisoner of war, a general cartel, upon the basis so properly agreed to during the last war, should be established between the two countries.
“It must be obvious to Mr. Riviere, and to the French minister of marine under whom he acts, how deeply his majesty must be impressed by the already lengthened and unjust captivity of his subjects; and by the circumstances of lieut. Dillon's detention, and capt. Wright's imprisonment; and how reasonable it is to expect an honourable redress in those points, previous to the establishment of a general cartel. When this sentiment is conveyed to Mr. Riviere, I am directed to desire that their lordships may, at the same time, impress upon him the confident expectation of his majesty's government, that if the French government shall embrace the measure of a general cartel, they will not again impede its progress, by requiring terms in which it is known that it is impossible for his majesty to acquiesce.
I am, &c. “EDWARD COOKE.” Wm. Marsden, Esq. Sec. &c. &c.
We lament that our limits will not admit of our giving all the Letters and Documents connected with them in detail; and we must confine ourselves to a brief review of their contents.—The first is a letter from lord Harrowby to the Chevalier d'Anduaga, the Spanish minister, dated July 18, 1804, alluding to the violation of the rights of nations and the usages of war, in the treatment observed towards capt. Wright, who, as a prisoner of war, and entitled to every privilege of that situation, had been subjected to peculiar indignity and severity, closely confined in the temple as a state prisoner, and obliged to undergo repeated interrogatories before a Court of Criminal Judicature, with a view to establish proof of an alleged crime supposed to have been committed previous to his capture, and even anterior to the present war. Lord Harrowby adds, that should the French Government persist in this conduct, his Majesty would very reluctantly be obliged to treat some French Officer with equal rigour, and hold him as a hostage for the safety of Captain Wright.
The Chevalier d'Anduaga, in a letter of the 19th July, announces his having forwarded Lord Harrowby's letter to Paris; and in another of September 24, states, that the French Government had consented to liberate capt. Wright, and only waited to be informed to what port lord Harrowby wished him to be sent. This letter was accompanied by a note from M. Talleyrand to the same effect; and attempting to justify the conduct of France in relation to this gallant officer, by asserting, that when taken, he was landing on the coast of Brittany persons hostile to the French Government. Lord Harrowby, in reply to the Chevalier d'Anduaga, appoints Dover as the port where capt. Wright might be sent; or, if the French Government should not prefer that route, that he might be suffered to return to England by way of Embden.
A Letter from M. Riviere, in the name of the French Minister of Marine, dated Paris, 22 Prairial, year 12, requires the liberation of the French Officers, &c. who had surrendered at St. Domingo, and were detained prisoners in England, on the ground that the spirit of their capitulation stipulated for their return to France on their parole, although it was not to express verbally.—The foregoing letter from Mr. Cooke, is in reply to this application, and it is supported by a letter from Captain Bligh, of the Theseus (corroborated by two Officers of that ship, and by Capt. Perkins, of the Tartar), which expressly states, that Captain B. objected to the 2d and 5th articles of the Capitulation proposed by the French troops; but that, in consideration of the imminent danger to which they were exposed from the Blacks, and which was so pressing as not to admit of delay, he consented to receive the articles, upon General Boyer and Captain Barie solemnly promising to ratify fresh articles corresponding with his objections, immediately on their arrival at Jamaica. These Officers, however, as soon as rescued from the destruction which threatened them, refused to subscribe to the terms upon which that mercy had been extended to them.
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED.
Ship Paulina, Choate, 60 days from Gibraltar, Salt, C. & F. Whittle—Nov. 2, off Cape Hatteras, spoke brig New-Orleans Packet, of and from New-Orleans, 15 days out bound to Bourdeaux, two-thirds of her crew very sick, and unable to do duty.
British brig Peggy, Langlois, 54 days from Jersey, Ballast, H. Brunett.
Brig Juno, Edwards, 58 days from Heulba, (Spain) Ballast, E. Watson—Oct. 1, in lat. 32, long. 23, was boarded by a French privateer brig of 14 guns, who had then in company the brig Hope, White, of and from Newport, bound to the Coast of Africa, on sus-
picion that his register was not regular, and for having negroes on board that were not free. Sch'r Rising States, Newcomb, 4 days from New-York.
Sch'r Triumph, Fahen, 5 days from Charleston.
Sch'r Ruby, Clark, 4 days from New-York.
Sch'r Amanda, Smith, 4 days from New-York.
The ship Moses Myers, Brock, was left at Gibraltar, the 24th September to sail in 15 days for Boston; also the ship Old Tom, Waughop, of and for this port in 3 days.
Arrivals at Gibraltar from the 14th to the 20th September.
The U. S. Frigate Essex, capt. Campbell, from the Eastward.—The U. S. Brig Vixen, capt. Cox, from the Eastward.—The U. S. Schooner Nautilus, Lieut. Evans, 3 days from Algiers.—The American brig Hector, John Allen, 1 day from Malaga, with Wine and Raisins for Salem.—The American brig Gouverneur Sumners, Thomas Rogers, 1 day from Malaga, with Wine and Raisins for Boston.
New-York, November 4.
Arrived, the ship Thomas, Davidson, from Norfolk, in distress, bound to Jamaica, having sprung a leak, and obliged to throw over part of the cargo.—Captain Davidson picked up at sea, captain Hills and crew, of the Good Intent, of Philadelphia, out 42 days from Philadelphia. The Good Intent had been dismasted, lost her rudder, long boat, and almost every thing off deck, one pump constantly going, and had been in that situation 35 days.
CUSTOM-HOUSE—ENTERED.
Brig Peggy, Langlois, Jersey. Sch'r Fame, Warnom, Boston. Deborah, Spencer, East Greenwich. Ruby, Clark, New-York. Sloop George, Potter, Providence.
CLEARED.
Ship Ariel, Corran, Antwerp.
Tomorrow our Races commence, on which day the four mile heats will be run, for 400 dollars, by several very fine horses—and from the number of horses now on the ground, great sport may be expected.—On Saturday a MULE RACE will be run. November 11. 1* 269
DEAGLE'S Packet will sail for Baltimore on Thursday. November 11.
AUCTION.
On Friday the 22nd. day of November, WILL BE SOLD ON COMMERCE STREET WHARF, The Sale to commence at 10 o'clock.
The remainder of the Cargo of the Brig Nancy,
From the Cape of Good Hope, consisting of the following articles, viz. 100 Casks of CAPE WINE. 20 do. of do. of very superior quality. 5 do. of MUSCAT. 5 do. of CONSTANTIA. 44 do. of ALOES. 19 do. of TAMERINDS. 4 do. of BRANDY.
Terms.—All sums exceeding 1000 dollars, 4 & 6 months—all sums above 500 and under 1000 dollars, 2 & 4 months—all sums above 100 and under 500 dollars, 60 days—all sums not exceeding 100 dollars, Cash—Approved Notes with indorsers, will be required.
John Granbery, V. M. October 19. tds 216
For Freight or Charter, To any Port in Great Britain or Ireland, Liverpool or Cork, would be preferred, The British Brig PEGGY, Capt. Philip Langlois, burthen about 150 hogsheads tobacco. For terms apply to Henry Brunett.
If not applied for immediately, she will take Freight for Jersey or Guernsey. November 11. 2w 264
FOR BOSTON, The Schooner RUTHY, Seth Barnes, Master. Will sail on Friday next—For freight apply to the Master on board at Marsden's wharf, or to Theo. Armistead. November 11. 2* 265
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The fine new, fast sailing Schooner FAME, Captain Wm. Woinam.— Burthen about seven hundred barrels—A freight to the West Indies, or Charleston, (S. C.) would be preferred. For terms apply to the Master on board, at Gibson's Wharf, or Daniel R. Waddey & Co. November 11. 3 267
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, To New-York, Charleston, (S. C.) or Savannah, The fast sailing Schooner TRIUMPH, Captain A. Fallin.— Burthen about six hundred barrels, now in complete order for the reception of a cargo. For terms apply to the Master on board, lying at Marsden's Wharf, or Daniel R. Waddey & Co.
WHO HAVE JUST RECEIVED, PER SAID SCHOONER FROM CHARLESTON, TWENTY TIERCE'S FRESH RICE, of the first quality—which they offer for sale November 11. tf 266
FOR RENT, (Possession whereof will be given the 1st of December,)
The Three Story Fire-Proof WAREHOUSE on Maxwell's wharf, at present occupied by Mr. Allmand—A Tenement on Town-Point, conveniently accommodated for the residence of a small family, possession may be had immediately—and the Dwelling House, Warehouse, and Lumber Yard in the town of Portsmouth, in the occupancy of Mr. Jordan Marchant.—The last mentioned property will be disposed of separately or together, and possession delivered on the 1st day of January next. John Nivison. November 11. 3w 263
A FEW BALES OF KENDAL COTTONS, are just received by J. & W. Southgate. ALSO—A FEW CASES OF EXCELLENT MARTINIQUE CORDIALS. November 11. 1* 268
FOR SALE—A-FLOAT, 270 Barrels Superfine FLOUR. James Herron. November 11. 2 270
JUST RECEIVED, From Charleston, and for Sale at this Office, PRICE ONE DOLLAR, A FEW COPIES OF INDEPENDENCE, A Comedy, in Five Acts, as performed at the Theatre Charleston, with unbounded applause, By William Iloor, Of St. George, Dorchester, South-Carolina. October 4. 66 198

NEW CUT-NAIL MANUFACTORY,
ON TOWN POINT,
A small distance below County Wharf, Wide Water Street.
THE Subscriber has, at a considerable expense, fitted up, in addition to his other business, a complete set of machinery, adequate to finish 500 to 600 lbs. of Nails daily. He is also provided with a good stock of Iron; and with a sufficient number of skilful workmen.
He has on hand a constant supply of
Nails, Flooring Brads, and Sprigs, which he offers for Sale at the reduced prices as follows, by the keg, viz.
  10d, 12d, 20d, Nails, 8d per lb.   8d, do. 9d per lb.   Sheathing do. 7 1-2d per lb.   6d, do. 10d per lb.   4d, do. 3s. per M.   3d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do.   8d, 10d, 12d, and 20d, Brads, do. 8d per lb.   6d, do. 4s per M.   4d, do. 3s 3s   3d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do.   2d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do. 
ALSO—HOOP AND BAR-IRON ASSORTED.
LEVIN DORSEY.
March 18. tf 503
LANDING THIS DAY ON OUR WHARF,
From on board the Martha & Mary , from Grenada, 86 Puncheons RUM. 20 Hogsheads MOLASSES. 1 Puncheon STRUB. 1 Barrel LIME JUICE.
And from on board the British Brig Brothers , from Kingston.
40,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE.
IN STORE,
50,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE.
36,000 lbs. Porto Rho do.
20 Barrels Baltimore LOAF SUGAR.
150 Barrels Superfine FLOUR.
50 Hogsheads Petersburg TOBACCO.
20 Puncheons Grenada RUM.
20 Barrels Prime PORK.
25 Bales Up'land COTTON.
All of which we will dispose of on moderate terms.
C. & F. Whittle.
August 2. tf 33
LANDING,
Out of the Brig Albert , Captain Winter, from Madeira,
10 Pipes, } Branded
20 Hogsheads, } M. M.
40 Quarter Casks, } do.
Of the first Old London Particular Madeira WINE, warranted equal to any imported.—For sale by
Robert Dickson.
September 11 tf 140
TO RENT OR LEASE,
(And possession given immediately.)
THAT convenient Dwelling House, formerly occupied by Mr. John Davidson, on Brewer-Street—together with a large Garden, and all convenient out houses. For terms, apply to
James Tucker.
WHO HAS FOR LEASE, A VALUABLE LOT OF GROUND, On Commerce and Little Water Streets.
September 6. tf 120
COCKE & SANFORD,
No 40. Main-Street.
Have imported in the Brig Triton , from London, an extensive assortment of
FASHIONABLE FANCY GOODS,
Which they offer by Retail or Wholesale, at very moderate prices for prompt payment.
October 18. 2m 215
FOR SALE,
On board the Brig Two Friends , — Boylan, Master.
26,000 BRICKS.
4,000 PAVING TILE.
200 GIN CASES.
William Pennock.
October 25. tf 228
BUENOS AIRES HIDES,
New landing from on board the Ship Nancy , Capt. Laurence, from Rio de la Plata.
For sale by
William Pennock.
September 4. tf 123
TO RENT,
(And possession given the first of September.)
A LARGE and commodious three story Brick House, in Church-Street, at present occupied by Mr. Menon, the first floor is completely fitted for a Store and Counting Room, and the upper part well calculated for the residence of a genteel family, with two kitchens, all other necessary out houses, and a paved yard. For terms apply to
William Plume & Co.
August 19. tf 86
FALL AND WINTER GOODS.
RICHARD TAYLOR,
Has received by the Ships Fredonia & Dumfries , from Liverpool, his
WOOLENS AND HARDWARE.
AND ALSO,
By the Brig Triton , Captain Fraser, from London,
An extensive choice assortment of
FASHIONABLE GOODS.
All of which he offers for Sale, by Wholesale and Retail, on the lowest terms.
October 18. 2m 213
FOR SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBER,
AT HIS LUMBER YARD ON CALVERT'S WHARF,
700,000 SALE SHINGLES.
50,000 BUILDING do.
50,000 STAVES—White and Red Oak.
10,000 CYPRESS PALES.
5,000 CEDAR and CHINQUAPIN POSTS.
Also—shall keep a supply of
PLANK AND SCANTLING.
Thomas H. Parker.
Aug 19. tf 77
TO RENT,
THE Warehouses at present occupied by James Herron on my wharf, capable of storing 4,000 barrels flour, and free from danger of high tides—Possession may be had of them on the first of September next; if agreeable, the Wharf may be had with them.
Also, for Lease, for a term of Years,
The Wharf adjoining mine, newly repaired, 56 1-2 feet in front, running back from 2 to 250 feet, with sufficient well made ground for the erection of warehouses—at the end of the wharf, there is water for any ship, with a convenient Lumber Yard. For terms apply to
John Davis.
Portsmouth, July 29. 2aw tf 25
TO PRINTERS.
I WILL DISPOSE OF
A FONT OF BURGEOS TYPE,
Upon which the Publick Ledger is at present printed. It consists of about 600 lbs. well-assorted Letter, with French and Latin accents; has been carefully used; and is almost as good as new. Should the whole be too much, any one who might desire to purchase ONE HALF, will please to make application, by letters post-paid, or personally, at this Office. The terms will be liberal, and a credit will be given, if required, to a purchaser who can give good security in Norfolk or Baltimore.
John Cowper.
CHEMISTRY MADE PLAIN.
PROPOSALS,
FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION,
A NEW WORK,
ENTITLED,
Plain Discourses on the Chemical Laws of Matter, Containing a General View of the Principles and Improvements of the Science of Chemistry.
With a particular Detail of those Parts, which are common and connected with Domestic Affairs;
ADDRESSED TO THE CITIZENS OF AMERICA.
BY THOMAS EWELL, M.D. &c. OF VIRGINIA.
TO THE PROMOTERS OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE, I HAVE ventured to present for your patronage, a new work.—It is a system of chemistry divested of such technical terms as retard the study, by those persons not desirous of entering into the useless refinements of the science; and it will convey particular descriptions of those processes that are for domestic purposes. The object of the work is to render the study of chemistry less difficult, more general and agreeable, as well as to lead to Improvements in various Arts.
Long has the greater part of mankind laboured under difficulties which might have been avoided by an acquaintance with the discoveries of philosophers. During the study of most sciences, we notice improvements unknown to the majority of the people; and in no one have these become more conspicuous than in the science of chemistry. Since the wild conjectures of deluded men were banished from its annals, the study has become one of the most useful and interesting to all of common understanding. The science is now characterised by a simplicity, hostile only to the pride of the pedantic scholar. Its extensive scenes are open, and with powerful attraction invite the entrance of the intelligent in the pursuit of pleasure, of information, or of most of the arts. An entrance is desired, that the wonderful beauty and wisdom displayed in the operations of nature may be contemplated with rapture, in parts neglected by the vulgar as a "dreary void."
To those in the pursuit of pleasure, the study of chemistry affords the greatest delight. The conversion of solids into volumes of divifying airs, and of airs and other fluids into solids, are processes which although inferior to many in chemistry, give unusual satisfaction. To know the composition of the substances surrounding us, with their connection and relation to each other, and to understand many of the arts of chemists, will impart to the mind an agreeable action, while it increases its capacity to make improvements. And such are the fascinating powers attached to the pursuit of this knowledge, that France is fast becoming a nation of chemists, in consequence of the general study of the science by the ladies as well as gentlemen.
The respectable Cultivators of land will be much benefitted by an acquaintance with chemistry. It will teach them the properties of the soil they cultivate, the art of making manures, and the kinds of vegetables as well as Manures best adapted for their respective farms. An idea of this may be formed from the famous fact, that by a judicious management of the grave yards at Paris, such quantities of salt peter were procured for the powder manufactory as to enable the French government to prosecute their war!
To be able to detect the presence, and discriminate between the noxious and innocent metals, as well as to make most useful combinations of them; to ascertain the constituents of medicinal springs; to detect the adulterations of Wines and other drinks; and to correct corrupted airs, must be of consequence to most individuals.
The burning of bodies—The Arts of making Gunpowder and Salt-petre—common Salt—and all other Salts—Of Tanning Leather—Of purifying and preserving animal and vegetable Matter—Of Dying and Painting—Of making Glass and Earthen Ware—Of Brewing—Distilling, &c. &c. depend on Chemistry.
No doubt most of them would be improved by a further cultivation of the science, which, from its simplicity, could be done in but a small part of the time often spent by the artists. This will appear less doubtful, by the following extracts from a letter I received from the President, Mr. Jefferson—and from one received from Judge Washington of Mount-Vernon.
"Of the importance of turning a knowledge of chemistry to household purposes, I have been long satisfied. The common herd of philosophers seem to write only for one another. The chemists have filled volumes on the composition of a thousand substances of no sort of importance to the purposes of life; while the arts of making bread, butter, cheese, vinegar, soap, beer, cyder, &c. remain totally unexplained. Chapital has lately given the chemistry of wine making; the late Dr. Pennington did the same as to bread, and promised to pursue the line of rendering his knowledge useful to common life; but death deprived us of his labours. Good treatises on these subjects should receive general approbation."
"Accept of my salutations, "and assurances of respect."
"TH: JEFFERSON."
"MOUNT-VERNON, 13th September 1805. "I have long thought that a work upon the plan you suggest, was much wanted by those who form the great bulk of readers on chemical subjects. I have not met with a single treatise which has not appeared unnecessarily obscured by technical terms, which only scholars can understand. They have been more generally addressed to the comprehension of professional men, than to those of the humbler walks of life; for whose use this science might be made most essentially to contribute, by adapting it to their capacities, and by pointing out the way by which its principles may be applied to the more common arts, in which they are daily employed. You will I think, do great good to society and . . . by executing such a work as you propose. My best wishes will accompany you in your labours, and I shall be happy to aid them as far as I can."
"BUSH. WASHINGTON."
But, fellow citizens, for you to know the Beauty , the Connection , the Importance of the Science which I wish to communicate to you, it is necessary that you know the Science itself. To relate in the most intelligible terms the discoveries of chemical philosophers will not be the extent of my labours. I shall offer a new view of the art of ascertaining the fertility of lands, and of the formation of vegetable juices, which has been approved of by some distinguished characters. I shall also relate some original experiments, a part of which establish a hitherto disputed doctrine concerning heat, and throw light on the art of enriching impoverished land.
You will now determine by your subscription, whether the desire of one to disseminate knowledge highly useful and interesting to most of mankind shall be gratified—whether the proposed publication shall appear.
T. EWELL.
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
As soon as a sufficient number of subscribers are obtained, the work shall be put to the press. It will be comprised in about 500 pages, Octavo, and be printed on good paper with suitable type. A general Index will be annexed to the work—with proper drawings of the apparatus commonly used by chemists. The work shall be delivered in boards to Subscribers at Three Dollars, per copy.
* Subscriptions for the above work, received by the Editor of this Paper.
242
FALL AND WINTER GOODS,
GILLIAT AND MACKINDER,
Have received by the Ship PLANTER , Boush, from London, and FREDONIA , from Liverpool, their supply of
FALL AND WINTER GOODS,
And will be Sold on Low terms, for Cash, or approved Acceptances in Town.—Amongst which are
  17 Bales of Napt. Cottons. 16 Boxes Boys' and Men's Hats.   18 do. of Rose Blankets. 6 Trunks of Manchester.   8 do. Stripe do. 4 Boxes Cutlery, assorted.   9 do. White and Red Flannels. 30 Casks Shot.   10 do. White Plains and Kerseys. 150 Kegs of Gunpowder.   12 do. Blue do. 40 Casks Nails.   14 do. Blue & Green Half Thicks. 4 do. Seine Twine.   6 do. Stripe and Gray Coatings. 5 Trunks Mens' and Women's Worsted Hose.   2 do. Yarn Hose. 3 Bales of Oznaburgs.   2 do. Carpeting and Carpets. Fleece Hosiery, for Ladies' and Gentlemen's wear.   8 do. Mixed Fearnoughts. Muslins, Dimities, Calicoes, &c. &c. 
The above packages are well assorted.
September 16. tf 145
NORFOLK BOROUGH:
At a Quarterly Session Court, continued and held the 30th day of August, 1805.
Alexander Maclure, John Robinson, and Daniel R. Wadley, trading under the firm of Daniel R. Wadley & Co. Compts.
Against, Gilbert Robinson, and James Brown, Merchants, trading as partners under the firm of Robertson & Brown, and Robert Dickson, Administrator of Henry Cavan.
THE Defendants Robertson and Brown, not having entered their appearance, and given security according to the Act of Congress, and the Rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of this Court, that they are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth: On the motion of the Complainant by their Counsel, It is ordered , That the said Defendants Robertson and Brown, do appear here on the fourth Monday in November next, and answer the Bill of the Complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some Newspaper printed in this Borough, for eight weeks successively, and posted at the front door of the Courthouse of the said Borough: And it is further ordered , That the Defendant Robert Dickson, Administrator of Henry Cavan, deceased, who hath effects of the said Robertson and Brown, in his hands, do not pay, convey away, or secret such effects, but retain them until the further order or decree of this Court, concerning the same. (A Copy, Teste)
127 WILLIAM SHARP, C.N.B.C.
NORFOLK BOROUGH.
At a Quarterly Session Court continued and held the 30th day of August, 1805.
William Pennock, Compt. Against Jean de St. Maria, Robert Law, In Chancery.
And Theo. Armistead, Defs. The defendant Jean de St. Maria , not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the Act of Assembly and the rules of this Court—And it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that he is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth—On the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered, that the defendant Jean de St. Maria , do appear here on the fourth Monday in November next, and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper printed in this Borough for eight weeks successively, and posted at the front door of the Court-House of the said Borough—And it is further ordered, that the defendants Robert Lawrence , and Theo. Armistead , who have effects of the said Jean de St. Maria , in their hands, do not pay, convey away, or secret such effects, but retain them until the further order or decree of this court concerning the same. (A Copy, Teste)
126 WM. SHARP, C.N.B.C.
MARTIN FISK,
Has just received by the late arrivals from London and Liverpool, and for sale,
  100 crates Crockery Ware, well assorted, 150 kegs F & FF Powder,   5 tons Shot, 150 casks Wrought Nails 4. 6. 8. 10. 20d.   60 kegs White Lead, 50 bolts Oznaburgs,   20 casks Hibbert's Porter, 50 boxes Short Pipes,   1500 lb. Seine Twine, 
AND A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF HARDWARE & CUTLERY. ON HAND,
  20,000 lbs. Prime Green Coffee, 25 Hds. Muscovado Sugar,   10 do. Leaf do. 30 chests Hyson   15 do. Hyson Skin 10 do. Young Hyson   10 do. Imperial 10 Hds. Old Antigua Rum,   60 barrels Rye Whiskey, 30 do. Apple Brandy. 
October 4. tf 184
THIS DAY LANDING,
From on board the Schooner Eagle , Captain Gros, from Bourdeaux, 160 Casks CLARET. 981 Casks assorted do. 66 do. do. White do. 80 Baskets SWEET OIL. 2 Trunks and 3 Cases Ladies' and Men's SHOES. 8 Cases Mens' and Children's Silk and Beaver HATS, assorted.
DI MIJOHNS, ALMONDS, NUTS, &c. &c. For sale on liberal terms, by
John & James Galwey,
Commerce-Street Wharf.
WHO HAVE ON HAND,
75 Boxes White & Brown Havanna SUGAR.
September 6. tf 128
TO RENT.
THE Store, Cellar, Cell