Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1807-06-22 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE And PUBLICK LEDGER.  SINT HIC ETIAM SUA PRÆMIA LAUDIS
VOL. III.]
MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 22, 1807.
[NO. 146.
CONTINUATION OF
Latest Foreign Advices,
From papers received at the office of the Publick Ledger, by the ship Woodrop Sims, Capt. Haynes, 31 days from Guernsey.
[The following are the letters from admiral Duckworth, to admiral lord Collingwood, referred to in the letter of the former to the latter, the 6th of March, and published in Friday's Ledger.]
LONDON, May 6.
FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE, MAY 5.
Admiralty-Office, May 4, 1807.
Royal George, off Constantinople, February Ɔonstantinople, February 21, 1807.
My Lord, I had the honour of transmitting to your lordship, by the late first lieutenant of the Ajax, the various details relating to the transactions of the squadron till the 27th ult. Your lordship will from thence have been informed of my resolution of passing the Dardanelles the first fair wind. A fine wind from the southward permitted me to carry it into effect on the morning of the 19th.
Information had been given me by his majesty's minister, Mr. Arbuthnot, and Sir Thomas Louis, that the Turkish squadron, consisting of a 64 gun ship, four frigates, and several corvettes, had been for some time at anchor within the inner castle; and conceiving it possible they might have remained there, I had given orders to rear admiral Sir Sydney Smith to bring up with the Thunderer, Standard, and Active, and destroy them, should our passage be opposed.
At a quarter before nine o'clock, the whole of the squadron had passed the outer castles, without having returned a shot to their fire, which occasioned but little injury. This forbearance was produced by the desire of his majesty's minister, expressed to preserve every appearance of amity, that he might negotiate with the strongest proof of the pacific disposition of our sovereign towards the Porte; a second battery on the European side, fired also with as little effect. At half past nine o'clock, the Canopus, which, on account of Sir Thomas Louis's knowledge of the channel, joined to the steady gallantry which I had before experienced, had been appointed to lead, entered the narrow passage of Sestos and Abydos, and sustained a heavy cannonade from both castles, within point-blank shot of each other. They opened their fire upon our ships as they continued to pass in succession, although I was happy in observing the very spirited return it met with had so considerably diminished its force, that the effect on the sternmost ships could not have been so severe.
Immediately to the N. E. of the castles, and between them and point Pesquies, in which a formidable battery had been newly erected, the small squadron which I have already alluded to were at anchor. The van division of our squadron gave them their broadsides as they passed, and Sir Sidney Smith, with his division, closed into the midst, and the effect of the fire was such, that in half an hour the Turks had all their cables cut to run on shore. The object of the rear admiral was then to destroy them, which was most rapidly effected; as in less than four hours the whole of them had exploded, except a small corvette and a gun-boat, which it was thought proper to preserve. I enclose to your lordship a statement of their number, and when I add also an account of the loss his majesty's ships have sustained, I cannot help expressing my satisfaction that we have suffered so slightly; as had any of their stone shot, some of which exceeded eight hundred weight, made such a breach between wind and water, as they have done in our sides, the ship must have sunk; or had they struck a lower mast in the centre, it must evidently have been cut in two; in the rigging too, no accident occurred that was not perfectly arranged in the course of the next day. The spritsail-yard of the Royal George, the gaff of the Canopus, and the main-top sail yard of the Standard, are the only spars that were injured.
It is with peculiar pleasure that I embrace the opportunity, which has been at this time afforded, of bearing testimony to the zeal and distinguished ability of Sir Sidney Smith; the manner in which he executed the service entrusted to him was worthy the reputation which he has long since so justly and generally established. The terms of approbation in which the rear admiral relates the conduct of captains Dacres, Talbot, Harvey, and Moubray, which, from my being under the necessity of passing the point of Pesquies before the van could anchor, he had a greater opportunity of observing than I could, cannot but be highly flattering; but I was a more immediate witness to the able and officer-like conduct which captain Moubray displayed in obedience to my signal, by destroying a frigate with which he had been more particularly engaged, having driven her on shore on the European side, after she had been forced to cut her cables, from under the fire of the Pompee and Thunderer. The 64 having run on shore at Pesquies point, I ordered the Repulse to work up and destroy her, which captain Legge, in conjunction with the boats of the Pompee, executed with great promptitude and judgment. The battery on the point, of more than 50 guns, which, had it been completely finished, was in a position to have annoyed the squadron most severely in passing, was taken possession of by the royal marines and boat's crews of the rear division; the Turks having retired at their approach, and the guns were immediately spiked. This service was performed under the direction of capt. Nicholl's, of the Standard's marines, whose spirit and enterprise can never be doubted; but, as circumstances rendered it impracticable to effect the entire
destruction of the redoubt, orders were given by Sir Sidney Smith to captain Moubray, which I fully approved, to remain at anchor near the Pesquies, and to employ lieutenants Carroll and Arabin, of the Pompee, and lieutenant Lawrie, of the marines, to complete the demolition of the redoubt and guns, which, when performed, the Active was to continue in the passage of the Dardanelles, till further orders.
At a quarter past 5 P. M. the squadron was enabled to make sail; and on the evening of the next, the 20th, came to an anchor at 10 o'clock, near the Prince's-Islands, about 8 miles from Constantinople, when I dispatched captain Cabel, in the Endymion, to anchor near the town, if the wind, which was light, would permit the ship to stem the current, to convey the ambassador's dispatches to the sublime porte in the morning, by a flag of truce; but he found it impracticable to get within four miles, and consequently anchored at half past eleven P. M.
I have now the highest satisfaction to add, that the conduct of the officers and ship's companies of the squadron under my command has fully supported the character of the British navy, and is deserving of my warmest eulogium.
Having endeavoured to pay just tribute to those whose duty necessarily called them into this service, I should feel myself very deficient if I omitted to mention, that his majesty's minister, Mr. Arbuthnot, and lord Burghersh, (who had requested to take a cruise with me) were among the most animated in the combat. To captain Blackwood, who, after the unfortunate loss of the Ajax, volunteered to serve in the Royal George, great praise is due for his able assistance in regulating the fire of the middle and lower decks; and when the Royal George anchored, he most readily offered his services to convey a message to the Endymion, of great moment, her pilot having refused to take charge of the ship. From thence he gave his assistance to arrange the landing of the troops from the 64, and setting her on fire; indeed, where active service was to perform, there was his anxious desire to be placed. His officers, too, requested to serve in the squadron, and their services in passing through the Dardanelles, met with approbation.
I have the honour to be, &c. (Signed) J. T. DUCKWORTH.
A list of Turkish ships and vessels taken and destroyed by the squadron under the command of vice admiral Sir John Thomas Duckworth, K. B. at anchor off Point Pesquies, the 19th February, 1807, within the forts of the Dardanelles.
Burnt—1 line of battle ship, 64 guns; 4 frigates; 3 corvettes; 1 brig; 2 gun-boats.
Taken possession of—1 corvette; 1 gun-boat.
(Signed) J. T. DUCKWORTH.
Royal George, at anchor off Prince's Islands, February 28, 1807.
My Lord, I have to inform your lordship, that it was perceived at nine o'clock yesterday morning, that the Turks had landed on the island of Prota, near which the squadron was anchored, and were erecting a battery in a position to annoy us; I immediately ordered the marines of the squadron to be prepared for landing, and the boats to be manned and armed; and the Repulse, with the Lucier, having been directed to cover them, they proceeded towards the island. The Turks, on the ships firing a few grape to scour the beach, quitted the island in their boats, when all but one boat, with eleven men, escaped; the which, with two guns they had intended to mount, fell into our possession.
At half after two o'clock in the afternoon, Sir Thomas Louis sent to inform me, that he had received intelligence of a small number of Turks being still on the island, and requesting permission to send marines to take them; my reply was that no risk whatever must be run, but if it could be effected without hazarding the people, it might; and a party of the Canopus's marines was immediately sent on shore in consequence, with the most positive orders to captain Kent, from Sir Thomas Louis, not to pursue the object, if he found it attended with any hazard. At four o'clock, the party on shore made the signal for assistance, and the marines and boats, manned and armed, were directly ordered away from the Royal George, Windsor Castle, and Standard, with particular directions to bring off the Canopus's people, but to avoid being drawn into danger. A little before sun-set an officer was despatched with orders for the whole to return on board.
On the return of the boats, which was not till after dark, I heard with the deepest regret, of the loss we had sustained: a list of which I herewith transmit; and do most particularly lament lieut. Belli, a young officer of the fairest promise, who had never served but with myself. To account, in some degree for this unlucky affair, it appears that the information of a few Turks only having remained on the island was entirely false, as nearly an hundred of them had retired to an old convent, from the loop-holes in the walls of which they defended themselves with musketry. The people of the Canopus had, in the first instance, advanced close under the walls, and in endeavouring to relieve them from their unpleasant situation, the others suffered.
In order, if possible, to prevent the retreat of the Turks from this island, the launches of the squadron, armed with their carronades, were ordered to row guard during the night, under the direction of captain Elliot, of the Lucier; but notwithstanding every possible vigilance, they are supposed to have escaped in the night, as the next morning it was represented to me that only seven Greek inhabitants of the place were remaining.
I have the honour to be, &c. (Signed) J. T. DUCKWORTH. To vice-admiral lord Collingwood, &c.
[The following letters were written by the British Minister and Admiral, in the course of their negotiation while off Constantinople.]
CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PORTE.
Off Prince's Island, on board his majesty's ship the Royal George, Feb. 20, 1807.
Notwithstanding the sincere and reiterated efforts of the undersigned to prevent hostilities, no corresponding disposition has been manifested on the part of the Sublime Porte.
The Porte has not returned any answer to the representations which the undersigned has made by order of his government, in the conference that he had with the Ottoman minister on the 25th of January. Not even the least attention has been paid to the representations, though for the sake of the strictest accuracy, and in conformity with the request of the Reis Effendi, they had been delivered in writing, in a letter addressed to this minister on the 26th of the said month.
The undersigned, indeed, received some time after, a note from the Sublime Porte; but it did not contain a single trait by means of which one might judge with certainty of the sentiments of the Sultan, relative to the circumstances which had given birth to the late discussions between the undersigned and the ministers of his highness.
In fact, so little zeal has been shown to preserve the amity of his Britannick majesty, that it was in vain that the undersigned made repeated attempts to enter into a negotiation with the captain Pacha, though in the propositions made by him, the undersigned took upon himself to exceed his instructions. The captain Pacha was evidently inclined to accede to the pacific proposals of the undersigned, but the orders of the sovereign were not of a nature to afford any hope of the object most desirable, the preservation of peace, would be effected.
It only remains, therefore, for the undersigned to declare once more to his highness the captain Pacha, that the British fleet would avail itself of the first favourable wind to proceed towards Constantinople; such being the orders that the admiral has received from his government. But being constantly determined to spare no effort on his part to prevent hostilities, the undersigned assured the captain Pacha, that notwithstanding the menace of disputing the passage, not one English vessel should fire a shot till they had reiterated proofs of the hostile inclinations of the Turks; and he further promised, that on his arrival before Constantinople, he would leave no reason to doubt that the permanent object of his sovereign was to defend the Ottoman empire, in lieu of attacking it.
The wind having changed on the 19th, the English admiral was upon the point of executing the duty enjoined to him when he was sent to these seas. In passing the first batteries, each of his majesty's vessels had to sustain the most terrible fire; but they carried their moderation so far as not to return a single shot. It was not until some time after, that the admiral seeing English blood spilled, had recourse to the means of necessary defence. The result is known, and the arrival of the fleet in its present station, without the least damage to any of the ships, ought to be taken as a convincing proof, that when orders have been once given to British officers, there are no difficulties, no danger, that can retard their execution a single moment.
Hostilities having been thus commenced by the Sublime Porte against the naval forces of his Britannick majesty, the undersigned was at liberty to put an actual period to his mission, and to signify to the commandant in chief, that from that moment he was at full liberty to prosecute the war.
However, the undersigned will still give one more striking example of the moderation and the desire which his sovereign would feel to the last to be in a situation to consider the Sultan as a friend, and no longer as an enemy.
The Sublime Porte is already informed of the conditions upon which the continuation of friendship with Great Britain depend. It will therefore be unnecessary to repeat here what has been amply detailed already; but the undersigned will not content himself with simply declaring that the Ottoman government is again invited to make its choice, to decide, in a word, whether this empire shall henceforth be joined with France, or whether the engagements with his Britannick majesty, and his august ally the emperor of Russia, are to be renewed.
The undersigned has every possible motive for desiring that the Sublime Porte should renew these engagements. Great Britain has always had a particular predilection for the Ottoman empire; these two powers have fought together, and with success, against the present ally of the Sublime Porte, at a time when this ally had acted with a degree of perfidy which excited but one sentiment through the whole extent of the Ottoman empire; and the distinguished, though ill applied bravery, which the Turks have recently exhibited in their fruitless attempt to oppose the progress of the British fleet, will prove to every Englishman an additional cause for regretting the failure of the negotiation proposed by the undersigned.
But it cannot be too clearly expressed, that there is not a moment to lose. To accumulate proofs of the pacific disposition of his Britannick majesty, and those to whom the execution of his orders are entrusted, the admiral need not urge that he has not availed himself of the advantage afforded him by the wind continuing favourable, and that he has consented to remain with his fleet at a distance from the capital, during the time necessary for receiving an answer to the undersigned.
In case this answer should arrive to-morrow before sun-set, and that it contain sufficient and unequivocal assurances that the just and the moderate
demands of his Britannick majesty are granted, all hostile demonstrations on the part of the British shall immediately cease. But if the answer shall be dictated upon other principles, the undersigned will have to declare with regret, that his mission is terminated, and that the British admiral will conform himself to the orders which his government has entrusted him with the execution of in the event of a war.
Requesting the Sublime Porte to accept the assurance of his most distinguished consideration, the undersigned reiterates his most ardent wishes, that it yet may have the wisdom to regain the amity of the two Powers, whose generous efforts have been so often employed in its favour with success. (Signed) CHARLES ARBUTHNOT.
No. II.
Sir John Thomas Duckworth, vice admiral of White, and knight of the Bath, knowing that, according to an article in the triple alliance, the Sublime Porte is engaged to grant the free passage of the Dardanelles to the ships of war of his sovereign; and M. Arbuthnot, his majesty's ambassador, having informed him that the Sublime Porte, from particular circumstances, had constantly expressed its desire that the treaty should be proceeded in, and that it should be happy in seeing the moment arrive, when they might be able to enter upon it without any inconvenience, had given the strongest assurances, that all the conditions of the said treaty should, in the mean while, be looked upon as remaining in full force. In this state of affairs it is impossible for the vice admiral to express the extent of his chagrin, when he saw himself attacked the day before yesterday, in a hostile manner, by the outermost castles of the Sublime Porte, when he was performing the duty imposed upon him, of passing the Dardanelles.
But though his majesty's vessels had been struck by the shot, and some of his subjects lost their lives, the vice admiral, to give a proof of his pacific sentiments, desisted from firing upon the castles of the Sublime Porte; but he felt, at the same time, that if he experienced the same hostile disposition from the other castles and batteries, his duty would then oblige him to repel force by force.
It was with pain that he saw himself compelled to have recourse to this disagreeable duty. But if the Sublime Porte had not made use of other means of resistance, the vice admiral would still have flattered himself that what had taken place was the effect of some misunderstanding, in consequence of insufficient explanation on each side.
But this idea very soon vanished; for after having passed the two castles of Abydos and Sestos, he found a squadron belonging to the Sublime Porte formed in line of battle, and which had begun to fire upon his majesty's squadron as soon as they arrived within cannon shot.
The French flag being hoisted upon the castle of Abydos, the determination taken by the Sublime Porte to throw itself into the arms of France could be no longer doubted, notwithstanding the perfidy of that nation; of which the Sublime Porte had experienced enough in Egypt.
The vice admiral then saw himself under the necessity of destroying those vessels, notwithstanding the instructions he had received from his sovereign to afford the Porte, to the last moment, proofs of his amity and unwearied patience.
After having witnessed a change so absolute in the disposition of the Sublime Porte, and his majesty's ambassador having afterwards fruitlessly exhausted all the means of pacification, the vice admiral finds himself under the necessity of declaring to the Sublime Porte, that having it in his power to destroy the capital, and all the Turkish vessels, the plan of operations which his duty prescribes to him, is, in consequence, very clearly marked out. But convinced that the just and humane disposition of his sovereign induces him to punish the guilty only; persuaded at the same time that the Sultan and his people are very far from wishing to go to war with Great Britain; and that of course the present measures can only have been occasioned by the baseness and the intrigues of the French with some of the advisers of his highness, the vice admiral will feel the utmost reluctance to render so many persons completely miserably by the horrors of war, and the destruction of all the objects of their attachment and enjoyment.
To avoid so fatal a catastrophe, the following is the condition he proposes—"The Sublime Porte shall deliver up its ships and vessels of war, with means sufficient for their equipment; and the vice admiral will, in this case, engage not to molest the city, but to withdraw immediately beyond the Dardanelles."
The vice admiral grants the Sublime Porte half an hour after the translation of this note into the Turkish language, to determine upon this proposal, protesting that if he is reduced to the disagreeable necessity of seizing the Turkish ships of war by force, and to commence the work of destruction which he has the means to accomplish, it will be the fault of the Sublime Porte, and not that of the king his master.
(Signed) J. T. DUCKWORTH. On board the Royal George, off Prince's Island, Feb. 21, 1807.
No. III.
On board his majesty's ship the Royal George near Prince's Island, Feb. 27, 1807.
Sir, the First Dragoman,—This morning, at day break, we sent a flag of truce with a note, on my part, to the Reis Effendi, but the officer was not permitted to land. I now send the note a second time, to make another effort, in order that it may arrive at its destination. The object of this note is to demand whether the Sublime Porte will be the ally of France, or that of Great Britain and Russia.—(For remainder see last page.)

CAPTAIN DOGGETT, arrived yesterday in the ship Julia, in 32 days from the Land's End, brings London papers to the 11th of last month. Captain D. and a gentleman who came passenger have favoured us with papers to the above date, in addition to the regular files received from our correspondent in London. These papers add but little to the information which we had before received by the Woodrop Sims, and will be found in the subsequent columns. The information published in the northern papers respecting the defeat of the Turkish fleet is without foundation, as will be seen by the intelligence from admiral Duckworth's fleet.
The elections were going greatly in favour of the new ministry, but have been conducted with more violence, than the view which our papers by the Woodrop Sims gave.
The grand armies in Poland remained inactive, excepting in drawing immense reinforcements. The British expedition of 40,000 troops were expected to embark immediately. On the 11th May, the government of England received advice that a French squadron of two sail of the line, three frigates and a corvette had got to sea from Rochfort, and were seen in lat. 47, long. 8, 50.
One American vessel from the United States to England had been lately captured by the French, and another plundered, the cause assigned was that the bills of lading "were not countersigned." Premiums of insurance had got to 3 1/2 guineas per cent.
By a gentleman who came passenger in the Julia, we are informed that Mr. Munroe would have come home in that ship, if he had not been prevented by advices of the reception which the Treaty met with in this country.
It is asserted in a very respectable London paper of the 11th May, that there were one hundred and sixty thousand hogheads of Sugar on hand in that city, which could not be sold. This was occasioned by the exclusion of English Merchandise from the continent.
Our readers will find in the first and last pages of this paper, copious details of the operations of the British fleet before Constantinople.
In the Julia came passenger Dr. JOHN WHARTON, of Culpepper county in this state.
Captain Peterson, arrived at Boston from Sardinia, was boarded on the 26th of April by an English frigate, and informed that they had fallen in with the ship Eliza Ann, captain Richardson, of Norfolk, and sent her into Gibraltar; the crew of the Eliza Ann having mutinied, and wounded the captain, mate, &c. and after her arrival at Gibraltar, she went on shore and bilged.
TRIAL OF COL. BURR.
SATURDAY, June 13.
This morning the names of the grand jury were called over, the chief justice delivered the following opinion on the motion made by the counsel of col. Burr, for summoning the president of the United States, and for the production of certain papers in the possession of the president.
OPINION.
The object of the motion now to be decided, is to obtain copies of certain orders understood to have been issued to the land and naval officers of the U. States for the apprehension of the accused; and an original letter from general Wilkinson to the president in relation to the accused, with the answer of the president to that letter; which papers are supposed to be material to the defence.—As the legal mode of effecting this object, a motion is made for a subpoena duces tecum to be directed to the president of the U. States.
In opposition to this motion, a preliminary point has been made by the counsel for the prosecution. It has been insisted, by them, that until the grand jury shall have found a true bill, the party accused is not entitled to subpoenas or the aid of the court to obtain his testimony.
It will not be said that this opinion is now for the first time advanced in the United States, but certainly it is now for the first time advanced in Virginia. So far back as any knowledge of our jurisprudence is possessed, the uniform practice of this country has been to permit any individual who was charged with any crime to prepare for his defence, and to obtain the process of the court for the purpose of enabling him so to do. This practice is convenient, and is as consonant to justice as it is to humanity. It prevents in a great measure those delays which are never desirable, which frequently occasion the loss of testimony, and which are often oppressive, that would be the inevitable consequence of withholding from a prisoner the process of the court, until the indictment against him was found by a grand jury. The right of an accused person to the process of the court to compel the attendance of witnesses, seems to follow necessarily from the right to examine those witnesses, and wherever the right exists, it would seem reasonable that it should be accompanied with the means of rendering it effectual. It is not doubted that a person who appears before a court under a recognizance, must expect that a bill will be preferred against him, or that a question concerning the continuance of the recognizance will be brought before the court. In the first event he has the right, and it is perhaps his duty to prepare for his defence at the trial; in the second event, it will not be denied that he possesses the right to examine witnesses on the question of continuing his recognizance. In either case, it would seem reasonable that he should be entitled to the process of the court to procure the attendance of his witnesses.
The genius and character of our laws and usages are friendly, not to condemnation at all events, but to a fair and impartial trial; and they consequent-
ly allow to the accused the right of preparing the means to secure such a trial. The objection that the attorney may refuse to proceed at this time, and that no day is fixed for the trial if he should proceed, presents no real difficulty. It would be a very insufficient excuse to a prisoner who had failed to prepare for his trial, to say that he was not certain the attorney would proceed against him. Had the indictment been found at the last term, it would have been in some measure uncertain whether there would have been a trial at this, and still more uncertain on what day that trial would take place; yet subpoenas would have issued returnable to the first day of the term, and if, after its commencement, other subpoenas had been required, they would issue returnable as the court might direct.—In fact all process to which the law has affixed no certain return day is made returnable at the discretion of the court.
General principles then and general practice are in favour of the right of every accused person as soon as his case is in court, to prepare for his defence, and to receive the aid of the process of the court to compel the attendance of his witnesses.
The constitution and laws of the United States, will now be considered for the purpose of ascertaining how they bear upon the question.
The 8th amendment to the constitution, gives to the accused, in all criminal prosecutions, a right to speedy and publick trial, and to compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favour. The rights given by this article must be deemed sacred by the courts, and the article should be so constructed as to be something more than a dead letter. What can more effectually elude the right to a speedy trial than the declaration that the accused shall be disabled from preparing for it until an indictment shall be found against him? It is certainly much more in the true spirit of the provision which secures to the accused a speedy trial, that he should have the benefit of the provision which entitles him to compulsory process as soon as he is brought into court.
These observations derive additional force from a consideration of the manner in which this subject has been contemplated by congress. It is obviously the intention of national legislature, that in all capital cases, the accused shall be entitled to process before indictment found. The words of the law are "and every such person or persons accused or indicted for the crimes aforesaid (that is of treason or any other capital offence) shall be allowed and admitted in his said defence to make any proof that he or they can produce, by lawful witness or witnesses, and shall have the like process of the court where he or they shall be tried, to compel his or their witnesses to appear at his or their trial, as is usually granted to compel witnesses to appear on the prosecution against them—sec. v. 1. p. 113.
This provision is made for persons accused or indicted. From the imperfections of human language it frequently happens that sentences which ought to be the most explicit, are of doubtful construction, and in this case the words "accused or indicted," may be construed to the synonymous, to describe a person in the same situation, or to apply to different stages of the prosecution. The word or, may be taken in a conjunctive or disjunctive sense. A reason for understanding them in the latter sense, is furnished by the section itself. It commences with declaring that any person who shall be accused and indicted of treason, shall have a copy of the indictment, &c. at least three days before his trial. This right is obviously to be enjoyed after an indictment, and therefore the words are "accused and indicted." So with respect to the subsequent clause which authorises a party to make his defence and directs the court on his application to assign him counsel. The words relate to any person accused and indicted. But when the section proceeds to authorize the compulsory process for witnesses, the phraseology is changed. The words are "and every person or persons accused or indicted, &c." thereby adopting the expression to the situation of an accused person both before and after indictment. It is to be remarked too, that the person so accused or indicted is to have "the like process to compel his or their witnesses to appear at his or their trial, as is usually granted to compel witnesses to appear on the prosecution against them." The fair construction of this clause would seem to be that with respect to the means of compelling the attendance of witnesses to be furnished by the court, the prosecution and means of defence are placed by the law on equal ground. The right of the prosecutor to take out subpoenas or to avail himself of the aid of the court in any stage of the proceedings previous to the indictment is not controverted. The act of congress is true applies only to capital cases; but persons charged with offences not capital have a constitutional and a legal right to examine their testimony and this act ought to be considered as declaratory of the common law in cases where this constitutional right exists.
Upon immemorial usage then, and upon what is deemed a sound construction of the constitution and law of the land, the court is of opinion that any person charged with a crime in the courts of the U. S. has a right, before as well as after indictment, to the process of the court to compel the attendance of his witnesses. Much delay and much inconvenience may be avoided by this construction, no mischief which is perceived can be produced by it. The process would only issue when according to the ordinary course of proceeding the indictment would be tried at the term to which the subpoenas are made returnable, so that it becomes incumbent on the accused to be ready for trial at that term.
This point being disposed of, it remains to enquire whether a subpoena duces tecum can be directed to the president of the United States, and whether it ought to be directed in this case.
This question originally consisted of two parts. It was at first doubted whether a subpoena could issue in any case to the chief magistrate of the nation; and if it could whether that subpoena could do more than direct his personal attendance; whether it could direct him to bring with him a paper which was to constitute the gist of his testimony.
While the argument was opening the Attorney for the United States avowed his opinion that a general subpoena might issue to the President, but not a subpoena duces tecum. This terminated the argument on that part of the question. The Court, however, has thought it necessary to state briefly the foundation of its opinion that such a subpoena may issue.
In the provisions of the constitution and of the statute, which give to the accused a right to the compulsory process of the court, there is no exception whatever. The obligation therefore of these
provisions is general; and it would seem that no person could claim an exemption from them, but one who would not be a witness. At any rate, if an exception to the general principle exists, it must be looked for in the law of evidence. The exceptions furnished by the law of evidence (with one only reservation) so far as they are personal, are of those only whose testimony could not be received. The single reservation alluded to is the case of the king. Although he may perhaps give testimony, it is said to be incompatible with his dignity to appear under the process of the court. Of the many points of difference which exist between the first magistrate in England and the first magistrate of the U. S. in respect of the personal dignity conferred on them by the constitution of their respective nations, the court will only select and mention two. It is a principle in the English constitution that the king can do no wrong, that no blame can be imputed to him, that he cannot be named in debate.
By the constitution of the United States the president as well as every other officer of the government may be impeached, and may be removed from office on conviction of high crimes and misdemeanors.
By the constitution of Great Britain, the crown is hereditary, and the monarch can never become a subject.
By that of the United States, the president is elected from the mass of the people, and on the expiration of the time for which he is elected, returns to the mass of the people again.
How essentially this difference of circumstances must vary the policy of the laws of the two countries in reference to the personal dignity of the executive chief, will be perceived by every person.—In this respect the first magistrate of the union may more properly be likened to the first magistrate of a state—at any rate under the former confederation—and it is not known ever to have been doubted that the chief magistrate of a state might be served with a subpoena ad testificandum.
If in any court of the United States it has ever been decided that a subpoena cannot issue to the president that decision is unknown to this court.
If upon any principle the president could be construed to stand exempt from the general provisions of the constitution, it would be because his duties as chief magistrate demand his whole time for national objects. But it is apparent that this demand is not unremitting, and if it should exist at the time when his attendance in a court is required, it would be shown on the return of the subpoena, and would rather constitute a reason for not obeying the process of the court, than a reason against its being issued. In point of fact it cannot be doubted that the people of England have the same interest in the service of the executive government, that is of the cabinet council, that the American people have in the service of the executive of the U. States, and that their duties are as arduous and unremitting. Yet it has never been alleged that a subpoena might not be directed to them.
It cannot be denied that to issue a subpoena to a person filling the exalted station of the chief magistrate is a duty which would be dispensed with much more cheerfully than it would be performed, but if it be a duty the court can have no choice in the case.
If then, as is admitted by the counsel for the U. States, a subpoena may issue to the president, the accused is entitled to it of course; and whatever difference may exist with respect to the power to compel the same obedience to the process as if it had been directed to a private citizen, there exists no difference with respect to the right to obtain it. The guard furnished to this high officer to protect him from being harassed by vexatious and unnecessary subpoenas is to be looked for in the conduct of a court after those subpoenas have issued, not in any circumstance which is to precede their being issued.
If in being summoned to give his personal attendance to testify, the law does not discriminate between the president and a private citizen, what foundation is there for the opinion that this difference is created by the circumstance that his testimony depends on a paper in his possession, not on facts which have come to his knowledge otherwise than by writing? The court can perceive no foundation for such an opinion. The propriety of introducing any paper into a case as testimony must depend on the character of the paper, not on the character of the person who holds it. A subpoena duces tecum then may issue to any person to whom an ordinary subpoena may issue, directing him to bring any paper of which the party praying it has a right to avail himself as testimony, if indeed that be the necessary process for obtaining the view of such paper.
When this subject was suddenly introduced, the court felt some doubt concerning the propriety of directing a subpoena to the chief magistrate, and some doubt also concerning the propriety of directing any paper in his possession, not publick in its nature, to be exhibited in court. The impression that the questions which might arise in consequence of such process were more proper for discussion on the return of the process than on its issuing, was then strong on the mind of the judges, but the circumspection with which they would take any step which could in any manner relate to that high personage, prevented their yielding readily to those impressions, and induced the request that those points if not admitted might be argued. The result of that argument is a confirmation of the impression originally entertained. The court can perceive no legal objection to issuing a subpoena duces tecum to any person whatever, provided the case be such as to justify the process.
This is said to be a motion to the discretion of the court. This is true. But a motion to its discretion, is a motion not to its inclination, but to its judgment, and its judgment is to be guided by sound legal principles.
A subpoena duces tecum varies from an ordinary subpoena only in this, that a witness is summoned for the purpose of bringing with him a paper in his custody. In some of our sister states whose system of jurisprudence is erected on the same foundation with our own, this process we learn issues of course. In this state it issues not absolutely of course, but with leave of the court. No case however exists, as is believed, in which the motion has been founded on an affidavit, in which it has been denied, or in which it has been opposed. It has been truly observed that the opposite party can regularly take no more interest in the awarding a subpoena duces tecum, than in the awarding an ordinary subpoena.—In either case he may object to any delay the grant
of which may be implied in granting the subpoena, but he can no more object regularly to the legal means of obtaining testimony which exists in the papers, than testimony which exists in the mind of the person who may be summoned. If no inconvenience can be sustained by the opposite party he can only oppose the motion in the character of an amicus curiae to prevent the court from making an improper order, or from burdening some officer by compelling an unnecessary attendance. This court would certainly be very unwilling to say that upon fair construction the constitutional and legal right to obtain its process to compel the attendance of witnesses does not extend to their bringing with them such papers as may be material in the defence. The literal distinction which exists between the cases is too much attenuated to be countenanced in the tribunals of a just and humane nation. If then the subpoena be used without enquiry into the manner of its application, it would seem to trench on the privileges which the constitution extends to the accused, it would seem to reduce his means of defence within narrower limits than is designed by the fundamental laws of our country, if an overstrained rigour should be used with respect to his right to apply for papers deemed by himself to be material.—In the one case, the accused, is made the absolute judge of the testimony to be summoned. If, in the other, he is not to judge absolutely for himself; his judgment ought to be controlled only so far as it is apparent that he means to exercise his privileges, not really in his own defence, but for purposes which the court ought to discountenance. The court would not lend its aid to motions obviously designed to manifest disrespect to government, but the court has no right to refuse its aid to motions for papers to which the accused may be entitled, and which may be material in his defence.
These observations are made to show the nature of the discretion which may be exercised. If it is apparent that the papers are irrelevant to the case, or that for state reasons they cannot be introduced into the defence, the subpoena duces tecum would be useless; but if this is not apparent; if they may be important in the defence; if they may be safely read at the trial, would it not be a blot in the page which records the judicial proceedings of this country if, in a case of such serious import as this, the accused should be denied the use of them?
The counsel for the United States take a very different view of this subject, and insist that a motion for process to obtain testimony should be supported by the same full and explicit proof of the nature and application of that testimony which may be required on a motion which would delay publick justice, which would arrest the ordinary course of proceeding, or which would in any other manner affect the rights of the opposite party. In favour of this position has been urged the opinion of one whose loss, as a friend and as a judge I sincerely deplore, whose worth I feel, and whose authority I shall at all times greatly respect. If his opinion was really opposed to mine I should certainly revise, deliberately revise the judgment I had formed. But I perceive no such opposition.
In the trials of Smith and Ogden, the court in which judge Patterson presided, required a special affidavit in support of a motion made by the counsel for the accused for a continuance and for an attachment against witnesses who had been summoned, and who had failed to attend.
Had this requisition of a special affidavit been made as well as a foundation for an attachment, as for a continuance, the cases would not have been parallel: because the attachment was considered by the counsel for the prosecution merely as a means of punishing the contempt, and a court might certainly require a stronger testimony to induce them to punish a contempt, than would be required to lend its aid to a party in order to procure evidence in a cause. But the proof furnished by the case is most conclusive that the special statements of the affidavit were required solely on account of the continuance.
Although the counsel for the United States considered the motion for an attachment merely as a mode of punishing for contempt, the counsel for Smith and Ogden considered it as compulsory process to bring in a witness, and moved a continuance until they could have the benefit of this process—The continuance as to arrest the ordinary course of justice, and therefore, the court required a special affidavit showing the materiality of the testimony before this continuance could be granted. Prima facie , the evidence could not apply to the case, and this was an additional reason for special affidavit. The objection of this special statement was expressly said to be for a continuance.
"COLDEN proceeded. "The present application is to put off the cause on account of the absence of witnesses whose testimony the defendant alleges is material for his defence, and who have disobeyed the ordinary process of the court. In compliance with the intimation from the bench yesterday, the defendant has disclosed, by the affidavit which I have just read, the points to which he expects the witnesses who have been summoned will testify. "If the court cannot, or will not issue compulsory process to bring in the witnesses who are the objects of this application, then the cause will not be postponed. "Or if it appears to the court that the matter disclosed by the affidavit might not be given in evidence if the witnesses were now here, then we cannot expect that our motion will be successful. For it would be absurd to suppose that the court will postpone the trial on account of the absence of witnesses whom they cannot compel to appear; and of whose voluntary attendance there is too much reason to despair; or on account of the absence of witnesses who, if they were before the court, could not be heard on the trial." (Page 12.)
This argument states unequivocally the purpose for which a special affidavit was required. The counsel for the United States considered the subject in the same light. After exhibiting an affidavit for the purpose of showing that the witnesses could not probably possess any material information. Mr. Sanford said, "It was decided by the court yesterday, that it was incumbent on the defendant, in order to entitle himself to a postponement of the trial, on account of the absence of these witnesses, to show in what respect they are material for the defence. "It was the opinion of the court that the general affidavit in common form would not be sufficient for this purpose; but that the particular facts expected from the witnesses must be disclosed, in order that the court might, upon those facts, judge of the propriety of granting the postponement." (Page 27.)
The court frequently treated the subject so as to show the opinion that the special affidavit was required only on account of the continuance; but is conclusive on this point is, is, that after deciding the testimony of the witnesses to be such as could not be offered to the jury, Judge Patterson was of opinion that a rule to show cause why an attachment should not issue ought to be granted.—He could not have required the materiality of the witness to be shown on a motion, the success of which, did not, in his opinion, in any degree depend on that materiality; and which he granted after deciding the testimony to be such as the jury ought not to hear. It is then most apparent that the opinion of judge Patterson has been misunderstood, and that no inference can possibly be drawn from it opposed to the principles which have been laid down by the court. That principle will therefore be applied to the present motion.
The fifth paper required is the letter of general Wilkinson, which was referred to in the message of the President to congress. The application of that letter to the case, is shown, by the terms in which the communication was made. It is a statement of the conduct of the accused, made by the person who is declared to be an essential witness against him. The order for producing this letter is opposed:
1st. Because it is not material to the defence. It is a principle universally acknowledged that a party has a right to oppose to the testimony of any witness against him, the declarations which that witness has made at other times on the same subject. If he possesses this right he must bring forward proof of those declarations. This proof must be obtained before he knows positively what the witness will say, for if he waits until the witness has been heard at the trial, it is too late to meet him with his former declarations. Those former declarations, therefore, constitute a mass of testimony which a party has a right to obtain by way of precaution, and the positive necessity of which can only be decided at the trial.
It was with surprise an argument was heard from the bar insinuating that the award of a subpoena on this ground gave

the countenance of the court to suspicions affecting the veracity of a witness who is to appear on the part of the United States. This observation could not have been considered — In contests of this description the court takes no part; the court has no right to take a part. Every person may give in evidence testimony such as is stated in this case. What would be the feelings of the prosecutor if in this case the accused should produce a witness completely exculpating himself, and the attorney for the United States should be arrested in his attempt to prove what the same witness had said upon a former occasion by a declaration from the bench, that such an attempt could not be permitted, because it would imply a suspicion in the court that the witness had not spoken the truth? respecting so unjustifiable an interposition but one opinion could be formed.
The 2d objection is, that the letter contains matter which ought not to be disclosed.
That there may be matter, the production of which in which the court would not require, is certain; but that in a capital case the accused ought in some form to have the benefit of it, if it was really essential to his defence, is a position which the court would very reluctantly deny. It ought not to be believed that the department which superintends prosecutions in criminal cases, would be inclined to withhold it. What ought to be done under such circumstances presents a delicate question, the discussion of which it is hoped will never be necessary in this country. At present it need only be said that the question does not occur at this time. There is certainly nothing before the court which shows that the letter in question contains any matter, the disclosure of which would endanger the public safety. If it does contain such matter the fact may appear before the disclosure is made. If it does contain any matter which it would be imprudent to disclose, which it is not the wish of the executive to disclose, such matter, if it be not immediately and essentially applicable to the point will of course be suppressed. It is not easy to conceive that so much of the letter as relates to the conduct of the accused, can be a subject of delicacy with the President. Every thing of this kind, however, will have its due consideration on the return of the subpoena.
3d. It has been alleged that a copy may be received instead of the original, and the act of congress has been cited in support of this proposition.
This argument presupposes that the letter required is a document filed in the department of state, the reverse of which may be and most probably is the fact. Letters addressed to the President are most usually retained by himself. They do not belong to any of the departments. But were the fact otherwise a copy might not answer the purpose. The copy could not be superior to the original, and the original itself could not be admitted, if denied without proof that it was in the hand writing of the witness. Suppose the case put at the bar of an indictment on this letter for a libel, and on its production it should appear not to be in the hand writing of the person indicted. Would its being deposited in the department of state, make it his writing, or subject him to the consequences of having written it? Certainly not. For the purpose then of shewing the letter have been written by a particular person, the original must be produced, and a copy could not be admitted.
On the confidential nature of this letter, much has been said at the bar, and authorities have been produced which appear to be conclusive. Had its contents been orally communicated, the person to whom the communications were made could not have excused himself from detailing them so far as they might be deemed essential in the defence. Their being in writing, gives no additional sanctity, the only difference produced by that circumstance is, that the contents of the paper must be proved by the paper itself, not by the recollection of the witness.
Much has been said about the disrepect to the chief magistrate, which is implied by this motion and by such a decision of it as the law is believed to require.
These observations will be very truly answered by the declaration that this court feels many, perhaps peculiar motives for manifesting as guarded a respect for the chief magistrate of the union, as is compatible with its official duties. To go beyond these would exhibit a conduct which would deserve some other appellation than the term respect.
It is not for the court to anticipate the event of the present prosecution, should it terminate as is expected on the part of the United States, all those who are concerned in it would certainly regret to find a paper which the accused believed to be essential to his defence, which may for aught that appears be essential, had been withheld from him. I will not say that this circumstance would in any degree tarnish the reputation of the government, but I will say that it would justly tarnish the reputation of the court which had given its sanction to its being withheld. Might it be permitted to utter one sentiment, with respect to myself, it would be to deplore most earnestly the occasion which should compel me to look back on any part of my official conduct with so much self-reproach as I should feel, could I declare on the information now possessed, that the accused, is not entitled to the letter in question, if it should be really important to him.
The propriety of requiring the answer to this letter is more questionable. It is alleged that it most probably communicates orders showing the situation of this country with Spain, which will be important on the armistice. If it contains matter not essential to the defence, and the disclosure is unpleasant to the executive, it certainly ought not to be disclosed. This is a point which will appear on the return.
The demand of the orders which have been issued, and which have been, as is alleged, published in the Natchez Gazette, is by no means unusual. Such documents have often been produced in the courts of the United States, and the courts of England. If they contain matter interesting to the nation, the concealment of which is required by the public safety, that matter will appear on the return. If they do not, and are material, they may be exhibited.
It is said they cannot be material, because they cannot justify any unlawful resistance which may have been employed or meditated by the accused.
Were this admitted, and were it also admitted that such resistance would amount to treason, the orders might still be material, because they might tend to weaken the endeavour to connect such overt act with any overt act of which this court may take cognizance.
The court, however, is rather inclined to the opinion, that a subpoena in such case ought to be directed to the heads of the department in whose custody the orders are, and the court must suppose that the letter of the secretary of the navy which has been stated by the attorney for the United States, to refer the counsel for the prisoner to his legal remedy for the copies he desired, alluded to such a motion as is now made.
The affidavit on which this motion is grounded, has not been noticed. It is believed, that such a subpoena, as is asked, ought to issue, if there exists any reason for supposing that the testimony may be material and ought to be admitted. It is only because the subpoena is addressed to those who administer the government of this country, that such an affidavit was required as would furnish probable cause to believe that the testimony was desired for the real purposes of defence, and not for such as this court will for ever discountenance.
TUESDAY, June 16.
As soon as the court met, Mr. Hay produced and read the following letter from the President of the United States.
Washington, June 12, 1807.
Sir, Your letter of the 9th is this moment received. Reserving the necessary right of the President of the U. S. to decide, independent of all other authority, what papers, coming to him as President, the public's interests permit to be communicated, and to whom, I assure you of my readiness, under that restriction, voluntarily to furnish on all occasions, whatever the purposes of justice may require. But the letter of gen. Wilkinson of Oct. 21, requested for the defence of col. Burr, with every other paper relating to the charges against him, which were in my possession when the attorney general went on to Richmond in March, I then delivered to him; and I have always taken for granted he left the whole with you. If he did, and the bundle retains the order in which I had arranged it, you will readily find the letter desired under the date of its receipt, which was November 25; but lest the attorney general should not have left those papers with you I this day write to him to forward this one by post. An uncertainty whether he is at Philadelphia, Wilmington or Newcastle may produce delay in his receiving my letter, of which it is proper you should be apprized. But as I do not recollect the whole contents
of that letter, I must beg leave to devolve on you the exercise of that discretion, which it would be my right and duty to exercise, by withholding the communication of any parts of the letter, which are not directly material for the purposes of justice.
With this application, which is specific, a prompt compliance is practicable; but when the request goes to 'copies of the orders issued in relation to col. Burr, to the officers at Orleans, Natchez and by the secretaries of war and navy departments,' it seems to cover a correspondence of many months with such a variety of officers civil and military all over the United States as would amount to the laying open the whole executive books. I have desired the secretary at war to examine his official communications, and on a view of these we may be enabled to judge what can and ought to be done towards a compliance with the request. If the defendant alleges that there was any particular order which, as a cause, produced any particular act on his part, then he must know what this order was, can specify it, and a prompt answer can be given. If the object had been specified, we might then have had some guide for our conjectures as to what part of the executive records might be useful to him. But, with a perfect willingness to do what is right, we are without the indications which may enable us to do it. If the researches of the secretary at war should produce any thing proper for communication and pertinent to any point we can conceive in the defence before the court, it shall be forwarded to you. I salute you with esteem and respect.
TH. JEFFERSON.
GEORGE HAY, Esq.
LATEST FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE,
From papers received at the office of the Publick Ledger, by the ship Julia, Capt. Doggett, 32 days from London.
LONDON, May 11. FROM SATURDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE.
Downing-street, May 9, 1807.
A dispatch, of which the inclosed is a copy, has been received this day at the office of Viscount Castlereagh, one of his majesty's principal secretaries of state, from major-general Fraser, dated Alexandria, the 25th of March, 1807, addressed to the right honourable William Windham:
Alexandria, March 25, 1807.
Sir—It is with much satisfaction I have the honour to inform you, that, in the afternoon of the 20th current, the town and fortress of Alexandria, surrendered to his majesty's arms by capitulation; and that they were taken possession of on the memorable morning of the 21st, by the troops under my command.
You are already apprised of my having been detached on this service, with a body of troops from Messina, by his excellency general Fox, under convoy of his majesty's ships Tigre and Apollo; and the Wizard sloop was sent forward by captain Hallowell, to get intelligence from major Misset, whom I had been, by my instructions, directed to consult as to the best plan of operations for effecting the purposes of the expedition.
I have now to acquaint you, that in the night of the 7th inst. (the day after we sailed,) the Apollo frigate, with nineteen transports out of thirty-three, which conveyed the troops, parted company, and that the other fourteen, with the Tigre, came to an anchor to the westward of Alexandria, on the 10th.
On our getting near the land we saw the Wizard, and captain Palmer immediately brought me the intelligence he had received from major Misset, together with a letter from him, stating that he had not come off himself, thinking his presence in Alexandria absolutely necessary to counteract the intrigues of the French Consul, who was endeavouring to prevail upon the governor to admit a body of Albanians, from Rosetta, to assist in the defence of the place.
He earnestly recommended me to land the troops immediately, as the inhabitants were well affected towards us, and that he had sanguine hopes we should be able to get possession of it without firing a shot.
Before I determined, however, upon this measure, I deemed it prudent to acquaint major Misset with the very diminished state of my force, and I therefore sent in my aid-de-camp, captain A'Court, of the 31st regiment, with a flag of truce to him, with a detailed account of it, and at the same time, a manifesto to the governor and inhabitants, (a copy of which I inclose,) which had not the desired effect, but, on the contrary, was treated by the governor with contempt.
The major, however, in reply, strongly urged my immediate landing; still repeated that we should not meet with any resistance, and that my doing so would be the only means of preventing the garrison being reinforced by the Albanians, who had actually been sent for, and might be expected in the course of twenty-four hours.
These considerations led me to follow his advice and accordingly I landed that evening (the 17th) as many troops as our small number of boats could convey, a few miles to the eastward of Marabout, without opposition, though I could only take up a position for the night; as before the next landing could be effected, such a surf had arisen on the beach, as totally to prevent the second division from approaching the shore.
The next morning, however, with infinite difficulty and risk they were landed; but finding my situation now, from the increased height of the surf and appearance of the weather, to be very precarious, both with respect to getting provisions or stores on shore, or having any communications with the transports, I determined at all hazards to force my way to the western side, where I could receive supplies from Aboukir Bay, at the same time resolving to attempt (in passing) to get into the town, even with the small force I had, and push my way, if possible, into the forts that commanded it, a matter I had reason to believe from major Misset and others, would not be very difficult to accomplish.
I therefore moved forward about eight o'clock in the evening of the 18th, and in our way forced a palisaded intrenchment, with a deep ditch in front of it, (that had been thrown up by the Turks, as a defence against the Mamelukes and Arabs on the western side) stretching from Fort des Bains to Lake Mareotis, strengthened by three batteries, mounting eight guns, exclusive of Fort des Bains on its right flank, mounting thirteen guns.
This we effected with very little loss, though under a heavy fire of cannon and musketry, and pro-
ceeded within a few yards of Pompey's Gate, where we found the garrison prepared to receive us, the Gate barricaded, and the walls lined with troops and armed inhabitants; this, added to the smallness of my force, (not exceeding one thousand men of all descriptions,) led me to think the risk too great, and I determined to proceed to the westward, as I had originally intended, where I arrived in the morning of the 19th, and took up my position on the ground the British troops occupied in the action of the 21st, immediately sending detachments to take possession of Aboukir Castle, and the Cut between the Lakes Maadie and Mareotis, by which communication the reinforcement of Albanians was expected in Alexandria; in both these attempts we succeeded.
The next day, the 20th, I sent in (by a friendly Arab that had stolen out of town, and joined us) a Manifesto, addressed to the inhabitants, warning them of the danger of implacating friends and foes in the event of taking the place by assault, and urging them to force the governor to capitulate. This had the desired effect, a flag of truce was sent out and a Capitulation, (of which I herewith inclose a copy) was agreed to and signed.
Although this service has fortunately not been of long duration; yet, from the scantiness of our numbers, and the scarcity of all sorts of supplies, as well military stores as provisions, (which the boisterous state of the weather completely prevented our receiving) our situation was, for some time, rather critical; and I am happy to have it in my power to bear testimony to the patience and cheerfulness with which the troops bore every privation, and the ardour and spirit they shewed in the attack of the enemy's works, as well as the inclination and wish they displayed to have stormed the place, had I deemed that step advisable.
To major-general Wauchope, the hon. brigadier general Stuart, and col. Oswald, who landed with, and accompanied me, I feel myself under great obligations, for their exertions and assistance in carrying on the service; and I am much indebted to lieut. col. Airey, acting as deputy adjutant-general, and capt. Green, acting as deputy quarter-master-general, for the great attention and zeal shown by them in forwarding and executing the duties of their respective departments; and I think it but justice to capt. Pym, and to the officers and men of the detachment of the royal artillery, that was with me, to mention the very great zeal and alacrity which they displayed on every occasion, which I am confident would have been equally conspicuous on the part of captain Burgoyne and the officers of the engineers, had circumstances permitted them to have acted.
To capt. Hallowell, and the officers and seamen of his majesty's ship Tigre, I cannot sufficiently express my acknowledgments for the assistance they afforded me, and for the readiness with which they stood forward on all occasions. Capt. Hallowell marched with me to the attack of the enemy's entrenchments, and to the very gates of the city, and remained on shore until the place surrendered; from his advice and knowledge, I derived much useful information.
Capt. Withers, of the royal navy, agent of transports, is also entitled to praise, for his activity in landing the troops, and for the exertions he afterwards made for supplying them with provisions.
I send you herewith a return of the killed, wounded, and missing, together with returns of prisoners made, and of the public stores of different descriptions found in the several batteries and magazines.
I have the honour to be, &c (Signed) A. M. FRASER, Maj. Gen. To the Right Hon. William Windham, &c. &c. &c.
P. S. The Apollo, with the nineteen missing transports, came to anchor in Aboukir bay, on the morning of the 20th, and Sir J. Duckworth's squadron arrived here on the 22d.
It is but due to lieut. Hunter, and a small detachment of the 20th light dragoons, who were landed without their horses or arms, to mention the zeal and spirit with which they volunteered their services, and carried the scaling ladders, on the night of the 18th.
French and Dutch papers to the 1st and 5th inst. have been received; as also some private intelligence from Denmark, which will be found interesting.
The Moniteur states, that the head-quarters of the French were at Finkenstein on the 18th of last month, and that no event of importance had occurred before that time.
It is at length acknowledged, even in the official paper, that the French have not been in that state of good health in which the bulletins constantly represented them.
According to an article, dated Finkenstein, April 19, every preparation is made on the part of the enemy to open the campaign the first appearance of spring weather.
The Altona Mercury repeats, we think erroneously, that Sebastiani has notified to the Porte that the Court of Vienna has granted the French army of Italy a free passage through Austrian Friuli, in order that it may be assembled in Bosnia.
One of the Dutch Journals, on the authority of a letter, mentions that a misunderstanding is said to have arisen amongst the principal officers of our fleet in the Archipelago; and that Admiral Louis and Sir Sidney Smith have formally charged Admiral Duckworth with misconduct before Constantinople.—These papers, moreover, state, what we know to be false, that one of our largest ships was lost off Tenedos the 4th of March.
Some more foreign papers and letters have arrived since our last. The accounts from Dantzic are of so late as the 20th ult. No general battle had taken place; a part of the besieging force had joined the grand French army; and an immense Russian reinforcement was on its march to Poland. Letters from Copenhagen, of the 28th, state that the Danish preparations for war had become very formidable, and that the crown prince had placed himself at the head of 25,000 men in Holstein.—Report says, that Austria is immediately expected to declare against France; while, on the contrary, it is asserted, that the negotiations under the mediation of the court of Vienna, are already in a state of great forwardness. It is added, but we doubt the statement, that Great Britain is included in these negotiations. Letters from Varel, of the 5th inst. confirm our former accounts, relative to arrangements making by the enemy to abandon the neighbourhood of the Elbe, from which they are removing every thing valuable.
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED.
British ship Medway, Potts, 60 days from Monte Video—Sailed in company with the ship Mary, Athol, of Greenock, for this port; brig Pomona, for an eastern port—parted company 7th May in lat. 21, 48, long. 32.—Left at Monte Video 22d April, the following American vessels—Ships. Bashaw, Peterkin, of Boston to sail in 30 days; Tiger, Webb, Philadelphia, in 2 days; Polly Knowls, of ditto, in 2 days; Betsey, Jones, do. 1st May; Warpoon, Baldwin, New-York, uncertain; Hampden, Mowbray, Newport, 15 days; Swift, Baker, —, in 20 days; Arrow, Fletcher, Boston, uncertain; Providence, Stephenson, do.; Little Lass, Bullock, do.; Superb, Lombard, in 25 days—Sch'r's Brag, for St. Helena, in 6 days; Minerva, Laidler, of Charleston for London; Sephrora, Marner, uncertain; Cottingham, Gardner, 10 days; Charles & Harriet, Tisdale, for Newport, in 3 days—Spoke, June 2, lat. 16, 15, long. 49, shp Sally, Nichols, from Cadiz to Vera Cruz, out 25 days, all well—12th, lat. 29, 30, long. 67, brig Amazon, from New-York to St. Jago de Cuba, out 10 days—13th, lat. 30, 54, long. 17, 30, brig Betsey, of Liverpool from Philadelphia to Honduras, out 16 days—20th, lat. 35, 41, long. 62, sch'r John, —, from — to Turks Island. Ship Agustus, Howe, 40 days from Greenock, Ballast, P. Dana.—Left there May 12, ships Moses Brown, Russel, of Newburyport, to sail for St. Ubes in 10 days; Niagara, Cross, of Newbedford for New-York, in 6 days; Adeline, Trott, of Bath, just arrived from Charleston, destination not known; brig Rover, Town, of Kennebec, for New-York, in 10 days.—Spoke, June 7, in lat. 42, 30, long. 48, ship Lovely Matilda, O'Connor, 7 days from Philadelphia, bound to Bordeaux—12th, off Nantucket shoals, ship Abeona, from Liverpool, bound to Philadelphia, 35 days out—17th, lat. 37, long. 71, 30, ship Industry, Wilson, from this port bound to Liverpool, 48 hours out.
Ship Julia, Doggett, 32 days from the Downs, ballast, C. & F. Whittle.—Left at London ships Thomas, Boush; Highland Mary, Fraser; and Planter, Moore of this port.—June 11, lat. 41, 26, long. 62, 20, spoke ship Diana, Lewis, from New-York to Liverpool, out 7 days.
Sch'r's Three Friends, Fisher, 58 hours; Mercury, Swift; and Liberty, Lewis, 3 days from Philadelphia.
In Hampton Roads, bound to City Point.
Ship Governor Gilman, Keddey, 60 days from Liverpool. Spoke June 18, in 60 fathom water, ship Bonetta, from Batavia, bound to Philadelphia, out 104 days.—June 8, in lat. 37, 30, long. 57, brig Commodore Barry, from Baltimore bound to Bilbao, 20 days.
Ship Vigilant, Bosworth, 45 days from Liverpool, in lat. 41, long. 62, spoke ship Henrietta, Nichols, 27 days from London bound to Boston—lat. 40, 30, long. 67, ship Joseph, Snow, from New-York to Liverpool, out 5 days.
The Nancy & Kitty, Griffin, from Philadelphia, was at Plymouth the 7th May, detained by a frigate.
HERBERT'S Packet will sail for Baltimore on Thursday next. June 22.
For Advertisements, see Supplement.
THEATRE.
BY PARTICULAR DESIRE. On Wednesday Evening, June 24th, will be presented by the THESPIAN SOCIETY, the Tragedy of The BROTHERS.
Written by Young, author of the Revenge.
Blessed the Play and Fates,
The much admired Song of "The Soldier's Adieu."
To which will be added, the Farce of
The ANATOMIST.
The doors will open at half past 6 o'clock, and the curtain rise at half past 7.
Tickets to be had at the Ledger and Herald Offices, the Theatre, and at Mr Klein's Store. June 22.
For Freight or Charter,
The fast-sailing ship AUGUSTUS, Edward Howe, master, burthen 400 bds. tobacco, can be ready to receive a cargo in five days.—Apply to the master on board, or
Phinehas Dana.
June 22.
For Freight or Charter,
The fine Schooner FAIR AMERICAN, Edward Pritchard, master, burthen 750 barrels. For terms apply to the master on board, or to Daniel R. Waddey, & Co. 3
June 22.
For Boston.
The Schooner MERCURY, Elias Swift, master, will sail on Sunday next. For freight or passage, apply on board at Warren's wharf. 3* June 22.
ICE.
The lovers of ICE can be furnished with that article at the most moderate price, by applying at the cellar under Mr. Augier's, corner of Main and Market Streets. June 22. Raw4w
THE SUBSCRIBER
Returns grateful acknowledgments to his friends and the public, for the patronage he met with during the long time he has sailed a packet between this place and Alexandria, and takes this opportunity of informing them that he has disposed of the Packet Sloop GEORGE, in which he has now no right or title, and requests those who have any claims prior to this date against said Sloop, to bring them in for settlement.
Tristram Butler.
June 22.
3000 bushels Northern CORN, of superior quality, for Sale by
William Dickson.
June 22.
District of Virginia, to wit.
Be it known unto all whom it may concern, that the District Court of the United States for the Virginia District, directed by law to be held in the Borough of Norfolk, on the 15th day of June instant, owing to the inability of the Judge to attend, stands adjourned to the stated session of the said court, to be held on the 18th day of December next; of course, all actions, suits, process, pleadings, and proceedings, of what nature soever, pending before the said court, are continued until that time, of which the parties litigant will take notice, and govern themselves accordingly.
Teste,
Seth Foster, Clerk.
June 22.

As the Admiral must act in an hostile manner against Constantinople, in case the choice of the Sublime Porte should not incline to our interest, but to that of France, he has also sent a note, the substance of which is, that he will spare the capital, if the Turkish ships of war and the naval stores are delivered up to him. The answer to the admiral's note must be delivered within half an hour. The Sublime Porte must be responsible for the consequences. I have the honour to be, Sir, the First Drogoman, your's, &c.
CHARLES ARBUTHNOT.
No. IV.
As it has been discovered by our glasses, that the time granted the Sublime Porte to take its decision, is employed in warping the ships of war into places more susceptible of defence, and in constructing batteries along the coast, it is the duty of the Vice-Admiral to lose no time. Consequently, Mr. Arbuthnot is obliged to apprise M. Isaac Bey, that if these measures of defence do not immediately cease, the British ships of war will act in a manner which shall be judged most convenient to the interests they would wish to defend.
His Imperial Highness may briefly give his word, in his own hand writing, that the engagements with Great-Britain and Russia shall be immediately renewed. The celerity with which the British fleet has passed the Dardanelles, is a proof that the determination already announced will be put into execution.
On board the Royal George, at midnight, between the 21st and 22d February.
No. V.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 23. 1807.
Sir—The Ambassador was yesterday unwell; to-day he is so ill that he cannot quit his bed, and is utterly incapable of attending to business. I have consequently opened the letter which you have addressed to him, and confess to you that its contents are of such a nature as to offend me. To tell a minister of Great Britain, and a British officer, that the negotiation they have opened is nothing but a scheme to gain time, is a thing we are not accustomed to hear, and which, from our national character, we did not expect to hear. One English frigate only has been left in the Dardanelles to collect the boats that were employed upon the coast when we were attacked in a hostile manner. I have every reason to believe that this frigate will remain where she is till she receives my ulterior orders; but when she joins me, or even when my squadron shall be joined by all our naval force, even that shall not occasion any alteration in the terms I have proposed, and by which I am bound in honour rigorously to abide. Besides we have no occasion for any reinforcement, for the vessels you see before you have been sufficient to effect that without any damage, which had been regarded by every person here as completely impracticable.
I declare to you still once again, both in my own name and that of the ambassador, and I declare it to you upon my honour, that we wish for peace, though we are prepared for war. The Sublime Porte is unacquainted with the conditions upon which it may preserve the amity of our Sovereign; and if you immediately accede to them, the negotiation may be terminated in a satisfactory manner in half an hour. But I must tell you frankly, I will not consent to lose any more time. I owe it to my sovereign and to my own honour, not to suffer myself to be duped; and those who are capable of thinking so meanly of others, justly become themselves the objects of suspicion.
You are putting your ships of war in motion; you take every method for increasing the means of defence; but if the Sublime Porte really wishes to save its capital from the dreadful calamities which are ready to burst upon it, the thought of which is shocking to our feelings of humanity, you will be sent here very early to-morrow morning, with full powers to conclude with me the work of peace, which Mr. Arbuthnot would have by this time set out to conclude on shore, if he had not been prevented by a serious indisposition.—I now declare to you, for the last time, that no consideration whatever shall induce me to remain at a distance from your capital a single moment beyond the period I have now assigned; and you are sufficiently acquainted with the English character, not to be ignorant, that in a case of unavoidable necessity, we are less disposed to threaten than to execute. But understand me well. Our object is peace and amity; this depends on you. I therefore earnestly entreat you not to suffer yourselves to be led into an error by the insinuations of those persons whose interest it is to excite false alarms, and tumults which are the consequences of them.
As soon as harmony shall be re-established between us, you may reckon upon the assistance of the forces under my orders, for the support of the government of his Imperial Highness, and the protection of his capital.
I have the honour to be, &c.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
No. VI.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 24.
Sir, I have this moment had the honour of receiving your letter of this morning, in which it is stated that the Porte is inclined to enter into an immediate negotiation for the purpose of concluding a definitive arrangement; and it is proposed that we on our part should appoint a Plenipotentiary to meet the person chosen on the part of the Sublime Porte.
Considering the very great importance of this affair, not only as it regards the Sublime Porte and Great Britain, but the whole world, I have come to the resolution of personally conducting it; and I therefore propose to the Sublime Porte, that in order to obviate any difficulty or inconvenience, a minister be immediately sent on its part either on board the English frigate actually at anchor before Constantinople, to which I shall repair myself, or on board my own vessel, the Royal George, if that appears more proper. In case this arrangement should not meet the ideas of the Sublime Porte, I propose that the conference should take place in any of the Prince's islands you may think proper. From what you mention to me of the degree of ferocity which prevails among the populace, you must be sensible how injudicious it would be to expose our negotiation to be interrupted at every moment; and Kadikioi, which you have mentioned as a convenient place, being on the Asiatic side, appears exposed to the double disadvantage of being remote from the seat of your government, as well as the anchorage of my ships.
In case the Sublime Porte should accede to the
proposal which I make respecting the place of conference, you will perceive how necessary it is to give orders that all further hostilities should be discontinued within the Dardanelles.
I have nothing more to add, except that it is of the utmost importance I should receive an immediate answer. I have also to request, that one of the vessels belonging to the arsenal (a sandal) should be ordered to remain near me, with some confidential persons, for the purpose of corresponding whenever it may be necessary.
I have the honour to be, &c.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
P. S. It cannot escape your observation, that there is no precedent of an admiral, or commander in chief, quitting his squadron. But the ambassador not being in a situation to conduct this important negotiation, and no person but myself being authorised to treat, I have determined to repair to whatever place we may mutually fix on as the most proper for arranging an affair of such great consequence. I must observe, in the mean time, the eight new embrasures that have been suddenly opened in the wall of the seraglio. This is another proof of a hostile disposition, and I feel myself called upon to declare to you, for the last time, that if such measures are not immediately discontinued, I shall be under the necessity of commencing hostilities. If you are therefore sincerely disposed to negotiate, it is become more necessary than ever, that the conference with me should take place without losing a moment, in which case the truce I have before proposed is limited to two days.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
No. VII.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 24.
Sir, your letter, dated yesterday at sun-set, arrived here at midnight, and as well as the preceding one, was opened by me, on account of the indisposition of the ambassador.
In reply, I have not a syllable to add to the letter which I addressed to you on receiving your first, except that we are still ready to negotiate upon the conditions proposed in the Note transmitted to you by the ambassador and myself on the evening of the 22d of this month. I have the honour to be,
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
No. VIII.
Vice Admiral Sir J. T. Duckworth being a constant witness of the preparations which are uninterruptedly pursued, of the works which are continued on the same batteries, of the designs manifested to establish new batteries on the side of Scutari, and of the bustle among the ships of war, insists upon being informed without the least delay, if there be an inclination to really negotiate, or if it be meant to impose upon him. If the latter be intended, he gives the Sublime Porte warning that it will not succeed. He laments the dreadful consequences which are likely to result from it, but he can at least declare before God and man that it will not be his fault. His measures are taken, and he only does his duty. If a satisfactory answer be not received within three hours, commencing from eight o'clock, according to the computation of the Franks, he will begin by seizing all boats and vessels freighted with provisions for the capital, and will put an end to the navigation of the sea of Marmora.
On board the Royal George, the 24th Feb. at 5 o'clock in the evening.
No. IX.
Sir J. T. Duckworth, knight of the most noble order of the Bath, and vice Admiral of the White, has received and opened the letters of this date, which have been addressed to the British ambassador and himself, by his excellency the Reis Effendi, and by the Drogoman of the Divan.
It would not be proper for Sir John Thomas Duckworth, as commander in chief, to repair to a place so distant from his fleet as that mentioned by the Sublime Porte. Rear admiral Louis, who is already so well known to the Sublime Porte, will therefore be ready to meet the Ottoman Plenipotentiary when the sandal of the arsenal shall be sent to accompany him to the place of conference, and will be vested with full powers to negotiate and conclude the work of peace, which is, and always has been, the object which his majesty has had most sincerely at heart.
In acceding so readily to all the proposals of the Sublime Porte, the most complete proof is given, that notwithstanding the important advantages already obtained, the vice-admiral feels the strongest desire to re-establish a good understanding between the two courts; but it cannot be too forcibly impressed upon the Sublime Porte, that he will not lose a moment; for, notwithstanding the unexampled moderation which has appeared in the conduct of the British squadron, all kinds of hostile operations have been prosecuted on shore with unremitting activity.
The British Ambassador is too much indisposed to reply to the letter of the Reis Effendi, and in consequence requests his excellency to accept his excuse.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
No. X.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 25, 1807.
At the moment the Sublime Porte informed the vice-admiral commanding the British squadron, that a plenipotentiary was appointed, and that it was its most earnest desire to enter immediately upon a negotiation, for the purpose of re-establishing peace and harmony, the vice-admiral has been acquainted, that a boat, with a non-commissioned officer and four seamen, belonging to the frigate, has been taken and carried to the Asiatic side. In the actual state of affairs, the vice-admiral is convinced that this proceeding can only be the effect of the improper conduct of some persons acting without orders; and he has not the least doubt, that the Sublime Porte, after receiving this, will direct that the five Englishmen should be sent back to the advanced frigate to which they belong.
The vice admiral wished that there should not be a moment lost in sending these men on board their ship.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
No. XI.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 25.
To his excellency the illustrious minister Mehemed-Gaalib, Reis Effendi.
Having determined, according to the orders contained in my instructions, to make an alteration in the position of the squadron under my orders, I think it necessary to apprise your Excellency that I shall advance a little more towards the north,
keeping however, beyond the range of cannon shot, and without the least intention to commence hostilities, until every means of conciliation have been ineffectually tried. But from the disposition manifested by the Sublime Porte, I flatter myself that every thing may be amicably concluded.
Sir Thomas Louis will be ready to go on board the sandal at an early hour to-morrow. I have the honour to be, &c.
(Signed)
T. J. DUCKWORTH.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 25.
No. XII.
To his excellency the illustrious minister Mehemed-Gaalib, Effendi.
We wait with the greatest impatience the arrival of the sandal, which is to convey the British Plenipotentiary to the place of conference. We cannot understand these repeated delays, and cannot really consent to them. My five sailors have not been sent back; they must be immediately returned to the frigate. I have the honour to be, &c.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 26.
No. XIII.
The English ambassador, extremely affected by the account which he has received of the alarming situation in which the family of Mr. Daniell, the English Commissary, who remained at Ortokoi, are, thinks it would be an insult to his excellency the Reis Effendi, to entertain the smallest doubt of the favourable reception that will be given to this note, the object of which is to intreat his excellency to take proper precautions for ensuring the safety of the said family, in case it should be necessary. The ambassador intreats his excellency the Reis Effendi to accept the assurances of his high consideration.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 26.
No. XIV.
Vice admiral J. T. Duckworth sends back to the Sublime Porte two men, whom the boats of his squadron have taken; and has the honour to acquaint it, that he has nine more in his possession, who will be also sent back, when the midshipman and the four sailors, taken under the flag of truce, shall be returned to their frigate.
The vice admiral assures the Sublime Porte of his high consideration.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 27.
No. XV.
Vice admiral Sir J. T. Duckworth cannot sufficiently express his astonishment respecting the conduct pursued by the Sublime Porte, in persisting to detain the midshipman and sailors belonging to the frigate, under a flag of truce, after the repeated applications of the vice admiral to the Ottoman government for their release, and at the very moment that the Sublime Porte declared in its Projet that peace still existed between the two countries.
The vice admiral is so much the more particularly struck by this very extraordinary proceeding, because it seems so marked a contrast to the conduct pursued by the British in passing the Dardanelles; where, notwithstanding the aggression was so plainly on the part of the subjects of his imperial highness the Sultan, not one of them was treated otherwise than with the greatest kindness, and who was not instantly set at liberty.
The vice admiral still relies on the justice of the Sublime Porte, and is persuaded that these five subjects of his sovereign will be sent back without the least delay.
The Sublime Porte must be aware, that in detaining persons as prisoners who were under a flag of truce, it will expose itself to the most severe censure of the whole world, by so gross a violation of the customs of civilized powers. But the vice admiral has not the least doubt, that in consequence of this explanation, the five men alluded to will be instantly liberated.
The vice admiral has the honour, &c.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 26. 1807.
No. XVI.
The English ambassador, not being certain that there will be any other opportunity of sending on shore, takes the liberty of recommending the enclosed to his excellency the Reis Effendi, with a request that he will have the goodness to transmit it to Baron de Hubsch.
The ambassador assures his excellency the letter treats only of private matters; but his excellency is at liberty, if he thinks it necessary, to open it, and see what it contains.
The ambassador assures the Reis Effendi of his high consideration.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 27.
No. XVII.
Vice Admiral Sir J. T. Duckworth, to give a further and much more convincing proof of his repugnance to do injury to private persons, has determined to send back to the Sublime Porte, and consequently to release all those of its subjects which he took yesterday in the act of committing hostilities against him. When the Sublime Porte shall reflect upon this generous conduct, it will be hardly necessary to invite it to compare it with that which has been held with respect to the five Englishmen taken under a flag of truce. Every motive of humanity and justice, in short every motive of common sense, should induce the Sublime Porte not to hesitate to follow the example, which, in far different circumstances, has been shown by the vice-admiral; and consequently, he will not allow himself to entertain the least doubt, that the men belonging to his squadron, who have been so improperly detained, will on this occasion, at least, be immediately returned to their frigate.
In expectation of this act of justice, the vice admiral has the honour to assure the Sublime Porte of his most distinguished consideration.
(Signed)
J. T. DUCKWORTH.
On board the Royal George, Feb. 28, 1807.
We want to Purchase, A few Shares of STOCK in the Virginia Bank.
Campbell & Wheeler.
May 22.
Office of Discount and Deposit, U. S. Bank, Norfolk, May 20, 1807.
WANTED TO PURCHASE,
A few Thousand Pounds Sterling, in approved endorsed Bills on, or payable in London at Sixty Days sight.
May 20.
Robert Oliphant, Cashier.
Mahogany and Logwood.
On WEDNESDAY the 24th instant, at eleven o'clock, will be sold at Auction, on Southgate and Dickson's wharf,
A quantity of LOGWOOD, 45 to 50 tons. And immediately after on Williamson's wharf, 27 Logs MAHOGANY, in lots to suit purchasers. —Terms approved endorsed notes at 120 days for all sums above 100 dollars, and cash for all sums under. George Wilson.
June 19.
NOTICE.
On Thursday, 25th instant, will be sold at the navy yard, between the hours of 11 and 1 o'clock, The United States, Brig DOLLY, 172 69-95ths tons, with her guns and apparel, said to be built of live oak and cedar timbers, and coppered to the bends; an inventory of her materials will be left on board at the navy yard, for the inspection of those who incline to purchase. Negotiable notes will be required of the purchaser, with approved endorsers, payable one quarter in three, one quarter in 6, and the remainder in 12 months. Bays will attend at the public wharf to carry those to the navy yard who incline to attend the sale.
Thomas Newton, Collector.
The Revenue Boat DISCOVERY, will be sold the same day, if not before sold at private sale. June 15. tds
For Liverpool, The new copper fastened Ship POCAHONTAS, C. Tompkins, master, will sail about the 15th next month, her cargo being all engaged. For passage only, having good accommodations, apply to the master on board, or Wilson, Cunningham, & Co. June 19. if
For Philadelphia, The Sloop HANNAH, William Hill, master. For freight or passage, apply to the master on board at Maclellan's wharf, or Daniel R. Wadley, & Co. Who have for Sale, a-boat, 1400 bushels INDIAN CORN. June 19. if
For SALE—A float, 300 barrels superfine FLOUR. Wanted to Charter, For a Port in Ireland, a SHIP of about 200 tons burthen. JAMES HERRON. June 19. 3
For Freight or Charter, The fast sailing coppered Ship WOODROP SIMS, Thomas J. Haynes, Master, 400 hogheads burthen, now ready to receive a cargo; a freight to Liverpool would be preferred. Apply to the captain, or Shanks & Binford. June 19. if
WANTED, A good fast-sailing VESSEL, of 1200 barrels burthen; immediate dispatch will be given by C. & F. Whittle. For Sale on a long credit, 50 puncheons Grenada RUM. June 17. if
For Freight or Charter, The fine new fast sailing Ship UNION, Miller Smith, master, 235 tons burthen, will carry 30 hogheads tobacco, now ready to receive a cargo. Apply to the master on board, or Phinehas Dana. June 17. if
500 barrels superfine FLOUR, of very superior quality, 41 bales upland Cotton. For Sale by C. & F. Whittle. Who want A SHIP of 200 to 250 hogheads burthen, for Europe; and two SCHOONERS of 700 barrels, each for the West Indies. June 15. if
For Freight or Charter, The American registered Ship MINERVA, capt Henry Keele, burthen 300 tons or 400 hogheads tobacco, will be ready to receive a cargo in five days—a freight for Liverpool would be preferred. Apply to Alexander Leckie, or Thomas Wallock. Who are landing from said Ship, and for sale, 200 puncheons RUM. June 13. if
For Freight or Charter, The elegant fast-sailing coppered Ship HERALD, Doane, master, burthen 325 tons. For terms, apply to Moises Myers. June 8. if
For Sale, Freight, or Charter, The fine fast-sailing Ship ROSE, 300 tons burthen, now ready to receive a cargo. Apply to WM. HARTSHORNE, Jun. June 3. if
For Freight or Charter, The good Sloop DIRECTOR, James Tatlington, master, burthen about 800 barrels, in complete order. For terms apply to Richard Bowden, & co. June 1. if
For Freight or Charter, The good Ship FRANKLIN, Thomas L. Quessberg, master, burthen about 15 to 1600 barrels, and will be ready for the reception of a cargo in a few days—a freight to Bordeaux or to the Havana would be preferred. Apply to Wilson, Cunningham, & Co. May 29. if
For LONDON, direct, (Will sail by positive agreement the first week in July, or sooner) The Ship ALMIRA, Job Whipple, master, having two thirds of her cargo engaged. For freight of the remainder or passage, having excellent accommodations, apply to the master on board, or N. Heron. May 27. if
For Freight or Charter, The Brig ROEBUCK, Tho's Bolan, master, burthen 270 hds. tobacco; a freight to France would be preferred. Apply to Noble, & Arbuthnott, & Co. April 3. if
NORFOLK.
PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A-WEEK, BY WILLIAM DAVIS,
FOR THE PROPRIETOR, OPPOSITE THE EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE Price Five Dollars and Fifty Cents yearly, in advance.

Supplement to the Publick Ledger.
MONDAY, JUNE 22, 1807.
GRAND FIRE-WORKS.
On Tuesday next the 23d instant, at the Gardens over the Drawbridge, a grand display of Transparencies, intermixed with Fire-Work, as follows:
 1. Several Rockets with Stars, Crackers, showers of Gold, Serpents, &c.  2. A grand imitated Sun, with Masonick Attributes and Rays of different colours.  3. A superb Pyrick Fire-Work, representing Neptune upon a car, accompanied by Tritons and Mermaids, with four Horses conducted by Cupids. This beautiful and ingenious piece has never appeared on any painting, or in any performance in America.  4. A vase of Flowers painted as nature, on a pedestal newly made.  5. A beautiful Sun Fire-Work, only composed of two triple Suns.  6. The gentleman from Tripoli, magnificently dressed, will perform on the Slack-Wire, with Fire-Works in his hands, breast and feet; he never appeared on any theatre, and as he belongs to a distinguished family, he does not permit me to mention his name, promising to see all his efforts to gain the applause of the publick.  7. The Mill known here, in which a lady will sing a Song, accompanied by musick, the fire-work of which being better composed than the last. 
Grand Temple of General Washington , demanded by the generality, &c. viz. General Washington holding the Independence of America; the President holding the Constitution; the Genius of Columbia running in the sky upon an Eagle, and crowning the General with a wreath of laurels; two grand columns, upon which will be the busts of John Adams and Benjamin Franklin; two other columns, upon which will be the goddesses Minerva and Peace; two other beautiful columns, ornamented with garlands of different coloured Flowers.
Price of admittance 50 cents, Children half price. No toll will be taken at the bridge from those intending to see the exhibition.
Ladies and gentlemen are respectfully invited to call there, as the keeper is well provided with every thing desirable, and the Garden being well arranged for the purpose. They will find Ice-Cream, Relishes of every kind, best of Liquors as Brandy, Wine, Gin, Rum, Bouee, Beer, Punch, Cordial, &c.—Tea and best French Coffee for parties.
No entrance to pay at the gate of the Garden, the days of Fire-Works excepted.
N. B. No coloured people or women of the town, will be admitted in the Garden. June 19.
FESTIVAL OF ST. JOHN.
The Lodges Nos. 1 and 56, have united to celebrate the Anniversary of St. John the Baptist, on the 24th of the present month.
The Members of these respective Lodges, and such transient Brethren as are desirous of partaking of the Festival, are requested to furnish themselves with Tickets previous to Monday the 22d instant, for which purpose they may apply at the Book-store of A. C. Jordan, & Co.
A procession will be formed at half past 1 o'clock, at Lodge No. 1, and repair to Christ's Church, where an appropriate discourse will be delivered by Brother Iavis.
Dinner will be served at Mr. Riffaud's, precisely at four o'clock. June 19.
For Sale by the Subscribers, 3000 bushels Northern CORN, 10 pipes fourth proof Bourdeaux Brandy, 40 puncheons Grenada Rum, 50 do. Tobago do. 30 do. old Antigua do. 12 pipes London particular Madeira Wine, A few quarter casks Colmenar Wine, 100 hogsheads prime Molasses, 200 barrels prime Pork; Liverpool stoved Salt look and in sacks: Cotton and Wool Cards assorted in small bales; Fine and Superfine Flour; Pilot Bread, &c. Apply to Donaldson, Thorburn, & Co. June 19 ft Lee's wif.
NOTICE.
The subscribers having obtained administration on the estate of THOMAS O'CONNOR , request those indebted to make payment, and those having claims to render the same immediately.
Thos. H. Parker, Fred. Heerman & Son, } Adm'r's. June 19. ft
For SALE, By JOHN TABB, No. 3, Commerce-Street, 488 barrels FLOUR, Richmond inspection, principally superfine.—Also, 70 barrels whole Herrings, in good order for exportation. June 19.
Just received from Charleston, 100 tierces fresh RICE —for sale by Daniel R. Waddey, & Co. June 17. ft
For Sale by the Subscriber, 5 hogsheads Loaf SUGAR, 82 boxes Window Glass 10 by 12, 83 pieces twilled Sacking. April 27. A. Maclure. ft
For RENT, (until September next,) That commodious brick Dwelling- House, lately occupied by the subscriber, situated on Catharine-Street, opposite to Mr. Richard Bagnall's, and next door to Mr. Thomas Gatewood's, well calculated for a family.—For terms apply to Richard Bowden. June 1. ft
THE SUBSCRIBER Being authorised by the Portuguese Consul General, to furnish the necessary certificates for property, and countersign Bills of Health for vessels going to Portugal or Madeira, advises those whom it may concern, that he will grant such on application at his office, No. 21, Main-street. June 15. Robert Dickson. ft
Straw and Roscius Bonnets and Hats, Six cases now landing and for sale by E. Sturtevant, No. 77, Main-street. Also, An additional supply of SHOES. June 15. ft
I wish to purchase from 3 to 400 cords of Oak & Beach Bark, to be delivered at my Tan-Yard, for which cash will be paid at the usual prices.
Complaints having been frequently made by persons who procure Bark, and are too careless to preserve it, that oppressive deductions are made for that which may be damaged, thereby subjecting them to the alternative of carrying it home, where it is of no value, or of submitting to what they think an imposition. It is necessary to apprise them, that it is my determination to receive hereafter no Bark which may be injured at any deduction whatever. April 13. THEO. ARMISTEAD. ft
THE SUBSCRIBER
Has lately received per the ship Dumfries, from Liverpool, and just opened for sale in the Cordage and Leather Store of Mess. Wm. Pluie, & Co. A general assortment of
SHIP CHANDLERY,
Among which are the following articles of superior quality, viz.
British CANVAS, from No. 1 to 8, Paints in kegs and pots, ground in oil, Powdered Venetian Red, Putty in bladders, refined Salt Petre, Green Copperas, Spikes, Nails, &c. of all sizes, Stock, Pad, and Stepped Draw Locks, Charts, Compasses, Quadrants, and Spy Glasses, Seamen's Journals, Paper, Ink Powders, Quills, &c. Sheathing Paper, Velvet Corks, Cork Wood, Shot in bags, Pig and Sheet Lead, Copper Scales and Weights, Tea and Camp Kettles, Spades and Shovels, Butchers' Cleavers, &c. Mill, Whip, X Cut, Hand, Pannel, and Mitre Saws, Carpenters' Tools of every description.—All of which will be disposed of on moderate terms for cash or approved paper. J. Moran. ft
June 8. SHORT CAMBRICK DRESSES. WOOD & HASTINGS, Have just received Elegant rich worked short Cambrick Dresses, do. do. thread and cotton Laces, 2 cases 7-3 and 4-4 Irish Linens, assorted, 1 bale 3-4 brown do. suitable for servants, 1 case cotton Hosiery, assorted; one case coloured Threads, Black, white, and Pink Crapes, 3 trunks 6-4 white Cambrick Muslins, A handsome assortment of Cloths and Cassimeres, suitable for gentlemen's Summer Coats; an assortment of India Cottons. June 8. ft
John & Wright Southgate, Have received by the Hunter, from London, an assortment of GOODS, suited for the season. ALSO, A few patent and grand Piano FORTES. May 1. ft
Landing this day from on board the British schooner Friendly Intention, capt Swain, 130,000 wt. prime Green COFFEE, 11,000 do. Cocoa—We will dispose of it on liberal terms. C. & F. Whittle. April 22. ft
In Store, Antigua Sugars, Jamaica Rum, Madeira Wine, now fit to use, Burgundy Hermitage, and Claret in cases of 2 dozen each, Jamaica Coffee.—Apply as above We want a small VESSEL of 300 barrels, to run out to Bermuda. June 8. ft
For SALE, 230 Barrels of PORK. Apply to Richard & John Taylor. May 25. ft
Valuable PROPERTY for Sale. One Lot of Land on Smith's Point, opposite Mr. Collins' house, containing 107 feet front, and 199 feet deep, bounded on the South by Butte-street, North by York-street, and East by Dunmore-street. ALSO, The Water LOT, where the old ship Tonnies, containing about 200 feet on the front of the channel, and running back about 700 feet to Henry-street, agreeable to Moore's plan. Terms, 4, 8, and 12 months credit. Daniel R. Waddey, & Co. May 25. ft
For Rent or Lease, The HOUSE now in the occupancy Mess. Caton and Veale, fronting the Market; it contains excellent Cellar, a Dry Good Store, and two Rooms below stairs, and three above; a Kitchen may be had with the house. Apply to Mess. Caton & Veale, or to Robert Taylor. by 4. ft
50 Dollars Reward. RUNAWAY on the night of the 9th instant, from the Rig William, lying at Portsmouth, three men by the names of JOHN OLIVER, SAMUEL OLIVER, and GEORGE PIERCE; John and Samuel Oliver are short thick set men aged about 21 and 28 years, and wore when ran away a black hair; George Pierce is a small lad, 18 or 19 years of age, red hair, and free somewhat freckled. Any person having information so that the subscriber may find the three above-mentioned, will be rewarded, or in proportion for any one of them. Daniel Nason. June 12. ft
Twenty Dollars Reward. Absconded Thursday night, the 4th instant, my house servant SUEY , commonly called SUEY JACKSON or SUEY RICHARDS , a black woman, about twenty-five years of age, tolerable fat, not tall, a large mouth and thick lips; called with her a variety of excellent clothing, was constant when her head tied up with a handkerchief, snears tremulously when asleep, walks with her head very erect, and generally smiling countenance and a smooth tongue. As she has relations and acquaintances in York and Williamsburg, it is probable she may have gone to one of these places; but I suspect she has gone to Mr. Grimes's on Rappahannock, where her mother lives.—I will give the above reward if taken out of town, and secured so that I get her again; or TEN DOLLARS taken within the town or vicinity. Masters of vessels and others are cautioned not to harbor or take her away. Francis S. Taylor. June 1. ft
VIRGINIA, to wit: At a Chancery District Court, held at the former capitol of the city of Williamsburg, the 28th day of April, 1807, Michael and John Wallace, and Barnet Pulliam, defts. The defendant, Barnet Pulliam , not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this country; on the motion of the plaintiff, by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the 14th day of next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, or that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in one of the newspapers published in the borough of Norfolk, for 4 months successively, and posted at the front door of former capitol in this city. A copy. Anthony Robinson, C. C. May 18. 2n.
For RENT, (and possession given immediately,) My WHARF and WARE-HOUSES, at present occupied by Mr. John Moore, and others—It is the best situation in the Borough for a Lumber Yard, and will be let low to a good tenant. Also to Lease, That convenient Lot of LAND, on Commerce and Little Water-Street. For terms apply to James Tucker. May 20. ft
For RENT, The Store and Dwelling-House, on Market-Square, at present occupied by Mess. Quemper & Duon. Apply to William B. Lamb. WANTED, A few Shares Virginia Bank Stock. April 13. ft
Leather, Cordage, and Loaf Sugar. The subscriber will hereafter expose for Sale at his Warehouse on Campbell's wharf the above Articles, of the manufacture of Norfolk, at reduced prices for Cash, or on short credits only. Theo. Armistead. He will sell or lease for a term of years, the STORES at the end of Marsden's and Rothery's wharves. Feb. 20. ft
300 dozen empty BOTTLES, will be sold if applied for immediately. John C. Niemeyer. ALSO, An invoice of fine Linen GAUZE, for Musquito Curtains. May 27. ft
450 bbls. superfine FLOUR, } Afloat. 100 half barrels do. Also landing this day from the schooner Iris, captain Moffit, from Matanzas, 43 boxes brown } Clayed SUGARS. 32 do. white } And in Store, 150 barrels Pork; 50 do. Shad, 50 boxes Soap; 100 barrels Tar; 50 do. Turpentine, 30,000 W. and R. O. Staves and Heading, A few tons of Fustic—all of which will be sold low and on liberal credit. George Wilson. April 22. ft
NOTICE. The creditors of Gilbert Robertson & Co and of Robertson & Brown , who have executed the Deed of Trust, and the creditors of Gilbert Robertson and James Brown insolvent debtors, are requested to exhibit their accounts to Alexander Van Pfister without delay, as it is intended to make the first dividend of the estate on the twentieth day of June next. James M'Exers, Alex' Van Pfister, John Jones, jun. } Assignees. New-York, May 13, 1807. ft
The creditors designated in the foregoing notice, residing in Norfolk, or whose accounts are against the firm of Robertson & Brown , are requested to exhibit the same to the subscribers. Theo. Armistead, James Taylor, Robert Dickson, } Assignees. Norfolk, May 27. ft
WANTED, on board the United States' ship Chesapeake, A BOATSWAIN & CARPENTER, none need apply unless well recommended. For terms apply at the office of the Publick Ledger. June 8. ft
Spring and Summer GOODS. The subscribers have received by the ship Hunter , from London, their supply of Fancy and fashionable GOODS, which they offer on reasonable terms for cash, or approved notes. Mackinder & White. May 1. ft
RICHARD JEFFERY, & Co. Have just received from London by the last arrival a very full assortment of DRUGS & MEDICINES, Of the best quality, which are offered for Sale on moderate terms at No. 65, Main-Street.—Attention has been paid to procure every article of the most genuine kind; and it is intended to have the assortment regularly furnished from the best markets; among a great variety are now offered the following:
  Aloes, Allum,  Harts-horne Shavings,    Ether of Vitriol, Antimony,  Glyster Pipes,    Aqua Fortis,  Pewter and Ivory Syringes,    Pale, red, and yellow Bark,  Oils of Cinnamon, Nutmeg,    Borax, Camphor,  Mint, Peppermint, Amber,    Cantharides, Cochineal,  and Annised,    Cream of Tartar,  Arrow Root, Tapioca,    Camomile Flowers,  Sago in grain,    Cinnamon, Colocynth,  Hardham's Snuff, No. 9,    Calomel, Flowers of Benzoin,  Pocket Instruments,    Ginger, Glauber Salts,  Best crown Lancets,    Epsom do.  Common do.    Rochelle do.  Steel elastic Trusses, of superior quality,    Guuns Ammonial, Assafetida,  Shop Twine,    Gamboge, Myrrh, Kino,  Elegant Smelling Bottles,    Summomy, and Arabic,  Castle Soap, Windsor do.    Lint, Liquorice refined,  Wash Balls, Milk of Roses,    Manna Flake,  Gowland's Lotion,    in sorts,  Double distilled Lavender    Magnesia in small and large  Water, in pints and hal    squares, Musk, Nutmegs,  pints, of best kind,    Opium, Jalap, Rhubarb,  Wedgewood's Mortars and    Ipecacuanha, Tartar Emetic,  Pestles of different sizes,    Balsams Capivi, Tolu, Peru,  Apothecary's Scales and    Spirit of Lavender,  Weights,    Spermaceti, Sugar of Lead,  Patent Medicines,    Letharge of Gold,  Essence of Peppermint,    Salt-petre refined,  Janus Powder, British Oil,    White Wax, Verdigrise,  Patent Sago, Norris's Drops,    Essences of Bergamot, Lemons, and Lavender,  Godfrey's Cordial,    Quicksilver, Lunar Caustick,  Anderson's Pills,    Sal Ammoniac,  Steer's Opedelock,     Turlington's Balsam,     Essence of Mustard.  
In addition to the above importation from London, they have from Liverpool a variety of GLASS WARE , suitable to Apothecaries— PHIALS and GALLI-POTS by the crate or in smaller quantities— North's MACHINES, URINALS, BREAST PIPES, SHELLS, &c. MEDICINE CHESTS for ships and family use, and orders from the country executed with care and dispatch. October 1. ft 216
A WORK That ought to be in the possession of every MA
THE LIFE OF GENERAL WASHINGTON, Complete in 5 volumes 8vo. with an elegant PORTRAIT, a variety of MAPS, is now ready for subscribers, and a copies for Sale by JAMES TUCKER.
The following remarks from a late London publication, test the high opinion entertained of this authentic and interesting work. "The publick will learn with interest that the literary monument which has long been projected to the memory of the most illustrious character of modern times, is at length completed. No apology can be requisite for erecting such a monument to him, who was the first in war, the first in peace and the first in the hearts of his fellow citizens: to him who was the founder of a great and prosperous empire, and who, moderation and pure patriotism challenge the imitation of a statesman. This performance of judge Marshall has already been distinguished by the most honorable & unequivocal testimonies; it has been hailed as an acquisition to standard literature; and it has been considered as deserving, in point of execution, a place by the side of Robertson's Charles the Fifth, and as unrivalled in the authenticity of its material by any work in the entire compass of history and biography. April 1. ft
NOTICE.
The Street Commissioners will allow to all Craft from the rivers and shores of the bay, One Dollar per ton for every ton of good round paving Stone, which may be delivered upon their wharf in Norfolk, between this time and the 20th June next. May 11. ft
400 barrels Tar, 20,000 pipe Staves, 30,000 White Oak Hogshead do. 30,000 Red do. do. 100 Barrels Flour.—For Sale by L. Mansfield. Portsmouth, May 8. ft
FOR SALE, 50,000 white oak hogshead drawn Staves 50,000 red do. 30,000 rough do. 20,000 Cypress Pales 2,000 Cedar and Chinquepin Posts 50,000 building Shingles. Proby, Harmanson & Co. March 2. ft
200 boxes Mould CANDLES, 30 half boxes brown Soap, 10 boxes white do. 60 bags Coffee, 5 tierces do. prime green, 4 hogsheads and 10 barrels loaf Sugar, 12 do. Muscovado do. 10 quarter casks old Sherry Wine, 2 hds old L. P. Madeira do. 3 hds. Red Port, 50 do. retailing Molasses, 15 crates well assorted Queen's Ware, Country Rum and Gin in hds and pipes—For Sale by Phinehas Dana. June 8. ft
EDUCATION.
Notice is hereby given that the trustees of Margaret Academy, in the County of Accomack, have engaged Teachers and made the necessary arrangements to commence said School on the 8th day of June next—in this Seminary will be taught the English, Latin, and Greek Languages, Geography and the Mathematics. The Teachers are graduates of Yale College, in Connecticut, and are highly recommended as gentlemen of learning and irreproachable moral characters. The buildings are erected on an eminence which commands a fine prospect of Pungoteague river and the Chesapeake, and is supposed to be inferior, in point of health, to no situation on the Eastern Shore. The Scholars who board in the School must find their own bedding, and also make an advance to the steward of Twenty-five Dollars. May 25. ft
At the Old CUT-NAIL Manufactory, corner of Main and Church-streets, the subscriber keeps on hand constant supply, and can furnish at short notice, any quantity of Nails, Flooring Brads and Sprigs, At the following reduced prices, by the Keg—for cash only, viz.
  8, 10, 12, and 20d Nails and Brads at 7 1/2 lb.   6d. Nails, 9 1-2d   4d. do. 2s. 9d. m. or 11d   3d. do. 2s. 3d. or 12d   Sheathing, do. 7 1/2d   4d. Sprigs, 4s. 6d per M.   6d. do. 2s. 9d   2d. and 3d. do. 2s. 3d 
He offers also for cash only— HOOP IRON ASSORTED. Thos. Seaman. May 25. ft
SLOOP EXPERIMENT, FOR PASSENGERS ONLY. ELIJAH S. BUNKER,
Begs leave to inform his friends and the publick, that he will, on the first of July, commence running a Sloop of about 110 tons burthen, between the cities of New-York and Hudson, for the purpose of carrying passengers. Few people who have had occasion to take passage up or down the North River, but have experienced the inconvenience and risque of going on board vessels deeply loaded and lumbered on deck: therefore captain Bunker has determined to take no freight on board the Experiment, which will remedy that inconvenience and entirely do away the risque. The owners of this vessel being desirous to render the passage as short, convenient, and agreeable as possible, have not only taken care to furnish her with the best Beds, Bedding, Liquors, Provisions, &c. but they have been at very great expense and trouble in procuring materials and building her on the best construction for sailing, and for the accommodation of ladies and gentlemen travelling on business or for pleasure. The Experiment will leave New-York every Wednesday evening precisely at 6 o'clock, and Hudson every Sunday morning at 8 o'clock, throughout the season. Capt. Bunker having been several years engaged in the freighting business between New-York and Hudson, has become well acquainted with every part of the river; and he hopes by attention and punctuality, to merit the patronage of ladies and gentlemen from the southward, who may visit the celebrated Ralston, Saratoga, and Lebanon Springs, or travellers who may have occasion to travel through the northern states—The shortness of the passage to Hudson when compared with that to Albany or any place above Hudson, (where the river is impeded by bars, islands and overslows, that render it impossible for fast sailing vessels to pass) he thinks will induce most people who are acquainted with the difference, to take passage to Hudson, where carriages or boats can at all times be had, at a moderate expense, to convey them to Albany, Troy, Lansingburgh, or the Lebanon Springs, which are about 80 miles distance. Hudson, May 1807. 12-2w
NOTICE
Is hereby given, that application will be made at the Bank of the United States, for payment of a Note, No. 1785, for Fifty Dollars, dated 6th July, 1804, payable at the Office of Discount and Deposit in Norfolk, one moiety of which Note has been lost or destroyed by accident. May 6. 1m-3w