The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg [Va.]), 1775-11-04 00:00:00

VIRGINIA
GAZETTE.
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From the UNIVERSAL MAGAZINE.
The SCOTS PEDLAR. An authentic Anecdote.
SHORT time since Sawney Fraiser, a native of the northern part of this island, who, by vending of linen which he carried around the country on his back, had acquired a sum of one hundred pieces of gold, resolving to extend his business by the addition of other wares, set out for London, in order to purchase them to the best advantage.
When he had arrived within a few miles of the end of his journey, he was obliged to take shelter in an house of entertainment, which stood in the lonely part of the road, from a violent storm of wind and rain; where he had not been long before he was joined by two horsemen of genteel appearance, who stopped on the same account.
As he was in possession of the fire-side, they were under a necessity of joining company with him, in order to dry themselves, which otherwise the meanness of his appearance would probably have prevented their doing.
The new companions had not sat long together before the cheerfulness of his temper, and something uncommonly droll in his conversation, made the others invite him to sup with them at their expense, where they entertained him so generously, that, forgetting his national prudence, he could not forbear shewing his treasure as a proof of his not being unworthy the honour they had done him.
The storm having obliged them to remain there all night, they departed together next morning, when, as a further mark of their regard, they kept company with him, though he travelled on foot, till they came into a solitary part of the road; when one of them, putting a pistol to his breast, took from him the bag which contained the earnings of his life, leaving him only a single piece of gold, which by good fortune he had happened to have loose in his pocket.
His distress at such a loss may be easily conceived. However, he sunk not under it. A thought instantly occurred to him how it might be retrieved; which he lost not a moment to put in execution.
He had observed that the master of the house, where he had met these two plunderers, seemed to be perfectly acquainted with them. He returned therefore thither directly, and feigned to have been taken suddenly ill on the road with a disorder in his bowels; called for some wine, which he had heated, and rendered still stronger with spice; all the time he was drinking which he did nothing but pray for his late companions, who he said had not only advised him to take it, but also been so generous as to give him a piece of gold which he produced to pay for it; and then, seeming to be much relieved, he lamented most heavily his not knowing where to return thanks to his benefactors, which he said the violence of his pain had made him forget to inquire.
The master of the house, to whom his guests had not mentioned the man's having money, that he might not expect to share it with them, never suspecting the truth of his story, informed him, without scruple, who they were, and where they lived.
This was directly what he had schemed for. He crawled away till he was out of sight from the house, in order to keep up the deceit; when he made all the haste he could to town, and, inquiring for his spoilers, had the satisfaction to hear they were people in trade, and of good repute for their wealth. The next morning, therefore, as soon as he thought they were stirring, he went to the house of one of them, whom he found in the room where his merchandise was exposed to sale. The merchant instantly knew him; but, imagining he came on some other business, for he did not think it possible that he could have traced him, or even that he could know him in his altered appearance, asked him in the usual way, "what he wanted?"
"I want to speak a word with ye in private, Sir," he answered, getting between him and the door; and then, on the merchant's affecting surprise: "In gude troth, Sir," he continued, "I think it is somewhat strange that ye shud na ken Sawney who supped with ye the neeght before the laust, after sawe the keendness ye shewed to him!" Then, lowering his voice so as not to be overheard by the people present, he told him, with a determined accent, that, "if he did not instantly return him his money, he would apply to a Magistrate for redress."
This was a demand which admitted not of dispute. The money was paid him, with a handsome gratuity for having lent it, and his receipt taken to that effect; after which he went directly to the other, upon whom he made a like demand with equal success.
MAXIMS FOR PRINCES.
A PEOPLE may forsake their King, and still continue a people; but if a King loses his people, he is no more a King. — If a King suffers his passions to get the ascendant of his reason, he is like a ship without a rudder or pilot, and is as much exposed to his Ministers as a vessel to the winds. — The King who sets up his will against the laws of the land wages war with his best friends. — If Kings would consider how liable they are to be misled by their Ministers, they would be more circumspect in the choice of them than they generally are. — When the King changes his Ministers, and not his measures, he is like a lot, who only changes his liquors, and not his manner of living. — The King who confides in a Minister that has once deceived him is like a duke in the hands of sharps. — A King should never trust a man who is dishonest or profuse in his own affairs; such a person is not likely to be just or frugal in the management of public money. — A Prince may be well assured that he, who is incapable of conducting his own private affairs, is not capable of being at the helm of
government. — A wise King will never confer his favours on his courtiers in such a manner as to lose the favour of his subjects; nor will he protect a villain at the hazard of losing the hearts of all honest men. — The King who wakes for his people's good sleeps in security without a guard.
THE ASSYRIAN PRACTICE OF MARRIAGE.
THE Assyrians had one practice with regard to marriage worthy of our attention. This practice, however, had its foundation in that custom which prevailed very early, and very universally, of the husband's purchasing, as it were, his wife. Every year they assembled in one place all the young girls who were marriageable. The public crier put them up to sale one after another. The rich paid a high price for those whose figure seemed to them the most agreeable. The money which was received for these was bestowed as a portion with the more homely, whom nobody would have fancied. After they had disposed of the most beautiful, the crier presented those who were less attracting, and asked if any would accept of such a person with such a sum. The sale proceeded by coming lower and lower, and she was at last allotted to him who was willing to accept of her with the smallest portion. In this manner all the young women were provided with husbands. This very politic and ingenious method of facilitating and promoting marriages was also practised by several other nations.
Besides, they were not permitted to carry off the persons they had purchased till they had given sufficient security that they would marry them. If at any time it happened that the parties could not agree, the man was obliged to refund the money he had received. It was likewise very expressly forbidden to use women ill, or to carry them into any foreign country. Herodotus tells us, that this wise institution was abolished towards the end of the Assyrian monarchy.
PRESENT STATE OF ALGIERS.
THE curiosity of the public being at present engaged by the Spanish armament being defeated in their late attempt against Algiers, we are favoured with a concise account of it, drawn from good authorities.
Situation, Climate, and Extent. — The greatest length of this kingdom is 460 miles, and from 150 to 240 in breadth; it is situated between N. latitude 36 and 44. The climate is one of the finest in the world; it is in most parts so moderate that they enjoy a constant verdure, the leaves of the trees being neither parched by the summer's heat, nor nipped with the coldness of the winter; they begin to bud in February, in April the fruit appears in its full bigness, and is commonly full ripe in May; the grapes are fit to gather in June, and their other fruits in August.
Agriculture, and Products of the Soil. — The inhabitants of this kingdom are in general negligent of agriculture; besides which, some parts are excessively dry, hot, and barren, and on that account lie uncultivated. Other districts, especially the mountainous parts of Tennez, Bujejah, and Algiers, are fertile in corn and other grain, and variety of fruits; and others afford plenty of excellent pasturage, especially the northern coasts of Tremecen, whilst the southern side, and those parts at a distance from the coasts, are wild and barren.
Manufactures and Commerce. — Christians, Jews, either natives or foreigners, Arabians or Moors, are suffered to exercise a fair commerce, both by sea and land; together with the other trades and manufactures in silk, cotton, wool, leather, and other commodities; but these are mostly carried on by Andalusian, Granadan, and other Spaniards settled in that kingdom, especially about the metropolis of it. Carpets are another manufacture of this country, though much inferior to those of Turkey; both in beauty and fineness; but, being both cheaper and softer, are preferred by the people to lie upon. There are also at Algiers looms for velvets, taffetas, and other wrought silks; and a coarse sort of linen is likewise made in most parts of the kingdom, of which Sweb produces the finest. Most of those manufactures are consumed at home, and some of them, especially silk and linen, are so inconsiderable that they are obliged to supply the deficiency of them from the Levant and Europe. These parts of Barbary send very few of their commodities, or product, into foreign markets; oil, wax, hides, pulfe, and corn, being but barely sufficient to supply the country; though, before the loss of Oran, the merchants have been known to ship off from one or other of the Barbary ports to the amount of 7 or 8000 tons of corn. The consumption of oil, though here in great abundance, is likewise so considerable in this kingdom, that it is seldom permitted to be shipped off for Europe. The other exports consist chiefly of ostrich feathers, wax, hides, wool, copper, rags, silk fishes, embroidered handkerchiefs, slates, and Christian slaves.
The imports, whether by way of merchandise or prizes, consist chiefly in gold and silver stuffs, damasks, cloths, spices, tin, iron, plated brass, lead, quicksilver, cordage, sail-cloths, bullets, linen, cochineal, tartar, allum, rice, sugar, soap, cotton raw and spun, copperas, alloes, brazil and logwood, vermillion, arsenic, gum, lack, sulphur, opium, anise, cummin-seed, mastic, farsaparilla, aspice, frankincense, galls, honey, paper, old and new cards, combs, dried fruits, and variety of woollen stuff.
Revenue and Forces. — The Dey of Algiers pays no other revenue to the Porte than that of a certain number of fine boys or youths, and some other presents which are sent yearly. His own income is variously computed, and in all likelihood rises and falls according to the opportunities he has of fleecing and oppressing his natives and strangers; and this may be the reason why some made it heretofore amount to no more than 40,000 ducats, while others raise it to 400,000, and others to 600,000. Dr. Shaw has since computed the tax of the whole kingdom to bring no more in-
to the treasury than 300,000 dollars, but supposes that the eighth part of the prizes, the effects of those persons that die without children, joined to the yearly contributions raised in the government, presents from foreigners, fines and oppressions, may bring about as much more.
The Janissaries, the chief forces, have engrossed all the power into their own hands, and are therefore at home most formidable of the forces. Besides these, the Government entertains a number of others, mostly Moors, who attend the three grand Bashaws; these amount only to 2000. Their navy consists commonly of at least twenty ships, one only of which belongs to the government, and is assigned to the Admiral.
It may appear surprising, that in a country where there is scarce any timber, no masts, sails, cordage, anchors, pitch, and other necessaries, so great a number of ships can be maintained at so little trouble or cost, as supplies from their captures: But besides these, our English Consul, who it seems is the only merchant of our nation here, and carries on a more considerable trade than any other person, furnishes them with powder, balls, bombs, fire-arms, anchors, cordage, and all other naval stores; and takes in return corn and oil for the service of the garrisons of Gibraltar and Minorca, no nation being allowed to carry corn out of Algiers but our own. In 1724 they had the following ships: 1 of 52 guns, 1 of 50, 1 of 40, 3 of 44, 2 of 38, 4 of 32, 1 of 26, 2 of 22, 2 of 16, 3 of 14, 1 of 12, and 2 of 10 guns. But this force is much declined: If we except their row-boats and brigantines, they had in 1732 only six capital ships of the line from 36 to 50 guns, and at the same time had not half the number of brave and experienced Captains.
Constitution. — This kingdom, from the avarice and tyranny of the Bashaws set over them by the Porte, under whose protection they had been so long, became little more than a mere military republic, to whom the Grand Seigneur allowed the privilege of choosing their own Dey, who are since become absolute: But being elected by soldiery, very few have ended their days by a natural death, for every bold, seditious, and aspiring soldier aims at the sovereignty, which has been gained by the meanness of that body.
Population and General State. — A kingdom governed by an insolent and rapacious soldiery, and submitting by piracy, cannot be supposed to be either populous or flourishing; it is neither, though the number of people is greater than their happiness. The government is despotism and anarchy by turns; nor is there a force in the country to repel a vigorous attack.
SKETCH of the CHARACTER of her Majesty MATILDA, late Queen of DENMARK.
THE characters of Princes are for many reasons commonly drawn far above their deserts; and the reports that are made from distant places swell their virtues still more; which, contrary to the nature of visible objects, generally dwindle as we approach towards them, and as often shrink to nothing, when we have an opportunity of coming near enough for an impartial examination. Whereas here we meet with the reverse; for the virtues of this unfortunate Princess were many of them concealed with as much art as if they had been her reproach. She had a ready and quick apprehension, a lively and strong imagination, with a large compass of thought. She excelled in an uncommon turn for conversation assisted by a natural vivacity, and very peculiar talents for mirth and humour. She loved a repartee, was happy in making one herself, and bearing it from others. And, as this talent was rendered not only inoffensive, but amiable by the greatest good-nature and cheerfulness of disposition, she was the life of every company, and the delight of all that had the honour to approach her. And, though it generally requires much care and resolution to govern any extraordinary degree of life and spirit, she had no pains of that sort to overcome, having been blessed with a natural serenity and calmness of mind that was inexpressible, and is hardly ever accompanied with such an uncommon share of vivacity; but in her it had so much the ascendant, that it was invariably the same, and constantly remained with her through the whole course of her misfortunes. So that she had reason to express her thankfulness to God, as she often did, that he had given her a temper which enabled her to support herself under the load of injuries she sustained. This is a disposition of mind more immediately useful to Princes, not only on their own account, but as it contributes to the ease and happiness of all in their service.
Her gentleness of nature shewed itself in every instance both in public and private, and inclined her to study all the ways of making herself agreeable, and of suiting her discourse to the persons with whom she conversed. But, though her general manner of receiving company in public was very obliging and gracious, she knew how to distinguish persons of real merit, and had an effectual way of making those, for whom she had any particular regard, fully sensible of the distinction she made. The same softness of behaviour and the same command of herself, that appeared in the drawing-room, went along with her into her private apartments, and delighted every one that was about her down to her meanest attendant.
Her generosity was extended in the most impartial manner to persons of different sects and parties; but her principal regards were paid to such as were in the greatest distress, to those who were under a disability of receiving a maintenance from the public; as well as to the widows and children of Clergymen or Officers, whose families by their deaths were reduced at once from a state of plenty to a want of the common necessaries of life.
In these acts of benevolence she avoided all appearance of shew and ostentation so much, that many persons who submitted by her bounty were wholly ignorant of their benefactor. She conversed in private with persons of all the different turns of genius in the

whole compass of arts and sciences; and, with a few whom she honoured with a more particular regard, she entered into all the freedoms of private and familiar life; and shewed that she could let herself down from her dignity, as if she had never possessed it; and could resume it again, as if she had never parted with it.
It was this affability, however, that enabled her enemies to ruin her. Perfectly innocent, and even virtuous in her conduct, her levity and good humour threw her off her guard, and made her less circumsped than her situation required. She conformed with difficulty to the strict ceremonial which was observed at the Court of Copenhagen; a vanity, inseparable from the youthful part of the female sex, made her pleased to see the influence of her beauty on all around her, and she indulged herself in an easy familiarity with persons who were more remarkable for their knowledge and abilities than the greatness of their rank. Wicked instruments were planted by her unrelenting enemy, the Queen Dowager, who put a malignant interpretation on all the harmless liberties taken by this amiable Princess; and paying no regard either to truth or humanity in the calumnies which they suggested, insinuated the most cruel suspicions into the King's ear, and took the most criminal methods to destroy her character with the public.
To these infernal machinations the amiable Matilda fell a sacrifice, in the bloom of youth and beauty and the zenith of power. After her retirement to Zell, she was often heard to wish for death, which the innocence of her life, as well as the misfortunes to which she had been exposed, rendered a most welcome guest; and her last moments passed in imploring forgiveness for her enemies, and recommending her children, for whose safety she was exceedingly apprehensive, to the protection of the Almighty.
HAMBURGH, July 28.
W E are just informed, that the Court of Sweden have at last deserted their best friends the French, and found it more interesting to be in alliance with their neighbours. A treaty has just been finished between the Courts of Berlin, Stockholm, and Petersburg, which is said to have been contrived by the English Ministry, and which was the cause of so many couriers passing between these Courts. It is also said, that Count Lowenhaupt has been despatched from the King of Sweden to Moscow.
PARIS, July 28. By letters from Marseilles we learn, that a Swedish man of war is arrived at Tangiers with several rich presents, and a great quantity of money, for the Emperor of Morocco, with which he was so well pleased that he has declared war for three years against their High Mightinesses the States General of the United Provinces.
LONDON, August 3.
L ORD Cahier has offered Administration to raise 3000 Irish Roman Catholics to support their plan against the Americans. Transports are gone to take them over to General Carleton at Quebec. The Papist nobility in Ireland have also offered to raise 3000 Roman Catholics.
Col. Darby is to command General Monckton's regiment, which is ordered to America; the General having refused to go to America.
General Frazar has informed Government that he will raise a regiment, which will be ready to embark for America by the first of September next, provided the General is allowed to name the officers.
Orders are gone over to take up the Colonels Lee and Gates of Virginia. The latter served under the brave Generals Wolfe and Monckton in the last war.
As every rebel, who is taken prisoner, has incurred the pain of death by the law-martial, it is said that Government will charter several transports, after their arrival at Boston, to carry the culprits to the East Indies, for the Company's service; as it is the intention of Government only to punish the ringleaders and commanders capitally, and to suffer the inferior rebels to redeem their lives by entering into the East India Company's service. This translation will only render them more useful subjects than in their native country.
A correspondent says, that the advising the importation of foreign troops (on any pretence whatever) into any part of the British empire, is high treason to the constitution.
The following anecdote of the young Marquis of Granby is said to be a fact, and has been the subject of much conversation at many genteel tables last week, and which created him many encomiums:—Being at Court, a few days ago, the King, after retiring and conversing with him some time, said, "I am now convinced that your brave father is dead; had he been living he would have effectually chastised my rebellious subjects in America before this time." To which it is said, the Marquis made the following reply: "Sire, I am afraid my father would have objected to an American expedition; he never was ambitious of showing his bravery, but against the enemies of Englishmen."
August 4. Upon the next attack at Boston, General Clinton is to have the chief command, and under him Lord Percy; the consideration of which gives great apprehensions to the latter's illustrious family.
August 5. The ensuing session of Parliament is like to be a warm one. The payment of 60,000. civil list debts, and the addition of 20,000. a year to that revenue, will come with a fine grace from a Minister whose measures will lessen the sinking fund 100,000. a year, at a time that the nation is actually engaged in an unsuccessful American war, on the eve of a Spanish and French war, and bullied by Austria, Prussia, and Sweden. But matters will go on very smoothly; posts, places, jobs, and contracts, will be so persuasively eloquent, that the interests of Great Britain may take care of themselves.
There cannot be a greater proof of the effect of ministerial power, by means of corruption, than the silence of Junius, and the author of the heroic epistle and postscript, during the present abominable system of American measures. Junius to be so loud on the paltry follies of a Grafton, and so silent while his country is hurtling to headlong ruin, has a dismal appearance. What are Mr. Bute's patent, and the business of Balf and Macquirk, compared to the destruction coming upon us at present?
A correspondent says, that one of the General officers in Boston, in a letter to his brother in London, remarks that our men are much better soldiers than the provincials, but that their Commander in Chief is a much better soldier than ours.
It is certain that three thousand persons in the hail-making business are out of employment, and two thousand more are soon expected to be in the same condition; entirely owing to our unhappy differences with America.
August 8. The idea of arming the Papists of Ireland, to defend that country from a foreign enemy, is of a piece with that wretched and disjointed policy, which has hitherto marked the present administration. The proportion of Papists to Protestants in Ireland, is computed as nine to one. This superiority in number, added to the confirmed rancour and religious animosity subsisting between the two parties, have ever made the legislature of that country cautious of even trusting them with arms for the defence of their houses. How preposterous and unconstitutional then must an act, embodying them as guardians of the state, be, particularly at a period, when the country is drained of all resistance, the mother country embroiled in a civil war, and two old allies of the Irish Papists (France and Spain) ready to burst upon our heads the very moment they find a proper opportunity.
August 10. An express has within these few days been received from Admiral Gayton, commander in chief on the Jamaica station, desiring his recall, or an immediate reinforcement of some ships of the line, as the Spaniards shew signs of committing hostilities; in consequence of which, orders have been sent to Portsmouth and Plymouth, to fit out several men of war as fast as possible.
A letter from an officer who was wounded at the late engagement at Boston, says, that when the troops were very near the trenches, the rebels called out to Col. Abercrombie, who was among the first of the troops, "Abercrombie, we won't miss you." However, the Colonel got into the trenches unhurt, and was run through the body. When he was dying, he told the officers about him, that if they took Gen. Putnam prisoner, not to hang him, as he was a brave fellow. Every one of the provincials who were in the trenches when the troops entered were put to the sword.
By a ship just arrived at Greenock, there are letters from Boston, dated June 27. Nothing new had then happened, and both armies were intrenched as formerly mentioned. A deserter came to the camp at Boston, who informed General Gage, that the provincials were at a great loss for want of powder and ammunition, and that about 700 of them were killed in the action of June 17.
By the above ship a great number of Ladies are arrived from Boston. The letters mention, that the light horse were ordered to go and pursue the provincials; but unluckily the Glasgow man of war run ashore at the only place where they could be landed. If the cavalry had landed in time, as was intended, in all probability, the greatest part of the provincials engaged would have been cut off.
The public may be assured, that there are orders to fit up a frigate of 28 guns at Woolwich with all practicable speed, the officers cabins are upon the quarter-deck, or in the gun room, the great or Captain's cabin is lined with crimson baize; she is otherwise prepared and decorated with every thing commodious and proper for her intended destination, which is Virginia, where she is to accommodate the Governor, Lord Dunmore and enable him to receive deputations from the Council and Burgesses of that province, when assembled, with greater convenience; she may also serve to receive delegations from the Caghnawaga Indians, to induce them to take up the hatchet, and boil the war kettle.----- What a deep business! What secrecy! What despatch is necessary! Who can wonder at the many councils lately held!
Extract of a letter from NEW JERSEY, June 11.
"A ship, bearing strange colours, in which was a black eagle, stood in this harbour; she said she came from a place we never heard of, I think it was Ebdon in Friesland. The committee immediately sent some of their number on board to examine; they found she was loaded with arms, brass cannon, ammunition, linen, coarse woollen goods, and other merchandise. She landed about twenty Gentlemen, and officers, most English, some Danes, and a few Germans. They said they fled from tyranny, to support liberty in America, and to acquire settlements which they would defend with the peril of their lives, and spend their best blood in the cause of America. They had leave to have a free market; their goods sold in a hurry, and the ship is gone to sea again. The people landed bought horses, formed troops, and are gone to join the army besieging Gage. They expected seven more ships from two towns, full of soldiers and adventurers."
By letters from Hanover, advice is received of the following troops being ordered to be in readiness for embarkation on the 21st day of September, viz. the regiments of Delamotte, Hardenburg, Reden, for Gibraltar; ditto, Godacker and Prince Ernst, for Port Mahon; the three first to be commanded by Col. Delamotte, the other two by Col. Sidow. Each company is to be augmented by twenty men, which are to be draughted from the other regiments.
COPY of an ADDRESS generally agreed to by the privates of upwards of thirty companies belonging to the city and districts of PHILADELPHIA, and presented to their officers by the General Committee of the privates of said Companies, being in consequence of an application from the officers to know their reasons for refusing to sign the military articles delivered out by the Committee of Safety, which address was presented by the officers on the 27th of September, to the Honourable House of Assembly.
GENTLEMEN,
A T this time of difficulty and danger, when our privileges are attacked by a powerful enemy, and the best blood on the continent is daily spilling in their defence, we deem any attempt to weaken and destroy the principles on which we have associated, to be subversive of our liberties, and unbecoming any well-wisher to America, and are determined to the utmost of our power to oppose it. We therefore beg leave to assure you, that the objections we make to signing the rules of the Committee of Safety proceed from no such principle, but from a sincere desire to promote and encourage the association.
We conceive it to be contrary to the true end and intention of legislation, for any body of men, claiming legislative authority, to make laws which shall, under heavy penalties, oblige one part of the community to the performance of duties of the utmost difficulty and danger, while it exempts another part of the said community from the performance of them, though the party exempted is to reap equal advantages by the performance with those who are obliged to perform them; this principle, we conceive, is destructive of the end and design of civil society.
For we have been taught to believe, that in a free state no man is above the laws, but that even the Kings of free countries are as much under the dominion of the laws as the meanest of their subjects. And the true distinction between liberty and despotism consists in this, that in a free state every member thereof is subject to every law of the land, but in despotic states one part is bound whilst the other is free, and by this means the party bound is always considered as slaves to the party which is free.
We conclude, therefore, that the law which equally binds every member of the community, be it ever so severe, has its origin in freedom, and may safely be submitted to by freemen, but the law which bears hard upon, or binds one part of the community to the performance of difficult and dangerous services, while it exempts another part, though both are to be equally benefited by said services, has its origin in despotism, and ought never to be submitted to by freemen.
This being premised, we proceed to lay before you our objections against the present articles drawn up by the Committee of Safety.
1st. Because as the Continental Congress has recommended that a general association of all able bodied effective men, between sixteen and fifty years of age in each colony, should take place, so we judge it very imprudent to sign any military laws until that measure is come into. And we cannot help hinting, that the attempting to have such laws signed before the other takes place, looks as if there was a design to make the present associators a kind of regular army of defence for the whole province, as the Gentlemen who made the rules seem to claim to themselves the right of calling out any or all of the present associators, and of putting them on pay, which, if once submitted to, the rules will enable them to keep us in that condition as long as they please, or subject us to martial-law in case of refusal. This we apprehend has a direct tendency to prevent a general association, as the present associators, if the rules are once signed, must march forth, and as long as they can stand, defend the whole province. Let a general association take place according to the resolve of the Continental Congress, and then we pledge ourselves, that we will shew a sufficient degree of readiness to join our brethren in every mea-
sure necessary for repelling every hostile invader, and establishing our inestimable privileges on the most lasting foundation.
2d. Because we look upon standing armies as dangerous to the liberties of mankind, we refuse to subscribe any laws which may put it hereafter in the power of any number of men to make use of us as such. Nevertheless, though we have expressed our dislike of standing armies, and are unwilling to put the province to any needless expense, yet as the present stoppage of trade will necessarily throw many poor people out of bread, and as we are bound in duty and humanity to provide for such, we should think the most decent and useful way of doing it would be to enlist such on pay for six months as will voluntarily offer, at the end of which they may be retained or discharged, as the state of our affairs may make it expedient, provided the persons, so enlisted and continued, have the liberty at the end of each year to renew their enlistment, or demand their discharge, which shall be granted, unless they at that time are commanded, or have notice to hold themselves in readiness, to march against a common enemy.
3d. Because we know of no right which our Assembly has to invest any body of men with legislative authority, this being an unalienable essential right belonging to the whole body of the freemen of which the society is constituted. We therefore conceive it to be a new and unheard of exertion of power, inconsistent with the trust reposed in them by their constituents, and erecting a dangerous precedent if submitted to, as the body thus invested is not subject to the controul of, or liable to be called to account by the people.
4th. Because, if on any emergency we should permit our representatives to exercise such power while confined to their own body, yet we conceive that they have no right to invest any one of their body with such a trust, unless by the express direction of the freemen at large.
5th. Because no representative body has a right to make, nor will we ever submit to, the operation of any military law made by our Assembly, but such as equally extends to every inhabitant of the whole province, except on the following CONDITIONS, viz.
"If at any time an exemption from the operation of any law be judged proper and necessary, let the terms of exemption be fairly and fully expressed, let the mulct or fines, if any there be, be proportioned to each man's property, and then let every man have the liberty to submit to the law, or by paying according to the terms of exemption to be free of its operation."
Thus far we apprehend the partiality of the articles, hath constrained us to object, and we should most certainly be wanting to ourselves, and to the rights of mankind in general, if we did not with honesty, freedom, and sincerity, exhibit our inmost sentiments to the present legislators of Pennsylvania, men who, we trust, will ever rejoice to hear the voice of their constituents.
CAMBRIDGE, October 12.
L AST Tuesday one of our privateers from Beverly, having been on a cruise in the bay, was followed on her return into port, by the Nautilus man of war. The privateer run aground in a cove a little without Beverly harbour, where the people speedily assembled, stripped her, and carried her guns, &c. ashore. The man of war was soon within gun shot, when she also got aground; she however let go an anchor, and bringing her broadside to bear, began to fire upon the privateer. The people of Salem and Beverly soon returned the compliment from a number of cannon on shore, keeping up a warm and well directed fire on the man of war for two or three hours, and it is supposed did her considerable damage, and probably killed and wounded some of her men; but before they could board her, which they were preparing to do, the tide arose about eight o'clock in the evening, when she cut her cable, and got off. Some of her shot struck one or two buildings in Beverly; but no lives were lost on our side, and the privateer damaged very little, if any.
WATERTOWN, October 9. General Howe, since he took the command of the butchering army, in order to show his skill in the art militare, on Friday last began a smart cannonade, when ninety-three shot were fired from the several batteries at Boston on the army at Roxbury, without doing any other damage than wounding one man in the arm, and killing two cows.
NEWPORT, Oct. 9. By the motions of some of the men of war and transports, in this harbour, last Monday, it was suspected they intended to take off live stock from the farms on the south part of this Island, called Brenton's Neck, the ensuing night; whereupon a number of persons went down in the evening and brought off about 1000 sheep and between 40 and 50 head of horned cattle from several farms; But there still remained a considerable number of cattle, sheep and hogs, on two farms belonging to Jahleel and Benjamin Brenton, great part of which it is supposed were by them there collected for and sold to the men of war, to be sent to Boston, for the express purpose of supplying our inveterate enemies.—The next day the ships took off from said Brenton's farms, about 35 head of cattle and 150 sheep; on Wednesday they took 5 or 6 more cattle. There being still left on the farms of James, Jahleel and Benjamin Brenton's between 60 and 70 head of cattle. On Wednesday, and Thursday morning, about 300 minute-men arrived here from the county of Providence, Tiverton and Little Compton, under the command of Colonels Esek Hopkins and William Richmond, Esqrs; and as soon as they had refreshed themselves, they marched into the Neck, and brought off 66 horned cattle, some sheep, hogs, and poultry, the ships the same time lying within gun shot, and discharged several cannon at them, but with out any effect.
This town having been threatened to be fired on from the men of war, on account of the armed force which made its appearance here, a great many of the inhabitants moved part of all their effects out; and many left the town. The carts, chaises, riding chairs, and trucks, were so numerous that the streets and roads were almost blocked up with them, Thursday and Friday being rainy and muddy, the poor women and children were much exposed in looking out for some place of safety; the people continued moving out very fast all Saturday and yesterday, with their effects.
Saturday afternoon the ships Rose, Glasgow, and Swan, a brig with 6 guns, and one or two small bomb-mortars, three or four tenders, two transports, and several wood-vessels, &c. making in all fifteen sail, weighed anchor and went up the river. entered the harbour of Bristol, and demanded three hundred sheep, which not being complied with, between 8 and 9 o'clock they began a heavy fire on the town, and continued it upwards of an hour; in which time a number of shot went through the houses of William Bradford, Esq; Capt. Ingraham, damaged the church a little, and several shops, stables, &c. The women and children, in great distress (dark and rainy as it was) were obliged to leave their habitations, and seek shelter in the adjacent country. Between 9 and 10 o'clock a committee was appointed to go on board, who settled the matter by giving or selling 40 sheep. In sick, and dead, at the time of this firing, and we are assured, two sick persons actually died of the fright.
PHILADELPHIA, October 13.
C APTAIN Robinson, of the ship Nancy and Sukey (who arrived in this port last Wednesday) left London the 10th, the Downs the 14th, and Falmouth the 25th of August. He parted company with the Lizard frigate of 28 guns, Captain John Inglis, on the 22d of August, at Torbay. The Lizard was ordered for Quebec, and had under her convoy a brigantine, Capt.

Brown, who informed Capt. Robinson, that he had on board 6000 stand of small arms, several brass cannon, and a large quantity of gunpowder. Capt. Brown's vessel was so heavy a failure, that the frigate was obliged to take her in tow coming down Channel. Capt. Brown informed Capt. Robinson, that a brigantine, under convoy of a frigate, had failed for Virginia, with arms and ammunition, but, by strong westerly winds, was forced to put to back, and had gone into Spithead.
October 19. We hear that the Committee of Safety have received from Mess. Garver and Shouldy, of York town, in this province, one hundred and seventeen pounds of SALT PETRE made by them in that town, for which they have been allowed the liberal price ordered to be given by the Assembly. The SALT PETRE is very pure, and well refined; and it is said they have as much more ready to deliver, and that they can make fifty pounds per week.
Extract of a letter from TICONDEROGA, October 5. Our last accounts from St. John's informs us, that Colonel Allen, with about 30 of our men and 40 Canadians, made an attempt to take possession of Montreal, but that Governor Carleton (at half a johannes, each man) had prevailed on a number of the inhabitants, to assist some few regulars, who beat off our party, took Col. Allen prisoner, with some others; and as many killed and wounded. The party that came out of Montreal were more worried than our men, had many killed; among which is supposed, several principal inhabitants of the city.
The expedition was a thing of Col. Allen's own head, without orders from the Generals; and from whom (as well as others) he receives much censure. If they had been apprized of it, they could have put him in a situation to have succeeded without much danger. But Allen, is a high flying genius, pursues every scheme on its first impression, without consideration, much less judgment. It was with the utmost difficulty, and through the greatest entreaty, that General Schuyler permitted him to go with the army, knowing his natural disposition; and indeed his fears have not proved groundless; and though trifling our loss, from the detachment, yet it gives a check to our progress.
General Montgomery writes, they have got a battery of two twelve pounders and two mortars open on our enemy; our shells are thrown into the fort; they, on their parts, do little damage to us. I think but two men have been killed, one by a cannon ball, and other by a shell.
We hear from Canada, that the Lieutenant Governor, who commands at Quebec during the absence of Carleton, has about a thousand Canadians embodied, but they are so strongly suspected that it is thought prudent not to trust them with a larger quantity of ammunition than four rounds.
BALTIMORE, Oct. 25.
By Captain Martin, arrived since our last, from St. Christopher's, we have the following, viz. That on his passage he spoke a vessel from Bermuda, the Captain of which informed him, that about the last of August, the Governor of that island, understanding the ministerial army at Boston were dying very fast, for want of fresh provisions, resolved to supply their wants, agreed with Capt. Lightburn (a Tory) to convey a cargo of live stock thither, who readily took on board three dozen of ducks, a few turkeys, and some hogs, and then sailed for the back part of the island, in order to take on board the residue of his cargo, but finding it was against the general disposition of the public, and apprehending their resentment, immediately set sail from thence, leaving the remainder of his cargo on the shore, which being secured by the populace, a number of hearty fellows took a boat and followed the vessel, soon overtook and boarded her, severely chastised the Skipper, after which, finding he had but two boys, and a leaky vessel, and no other provision, than the aforementioned ducks, &c, permitted them to proceed on their voyage, to deliver, what they did not eat, to General Gage, at Boston.
Capt. Martin, from St. Christopher's, informs, that six vessels were on shore, between Currituck and Cape Henry, viz. 3 ships, 1 schooner, and 2 sloops. Ten leagues from the Capes, he was boarded by a number of Ruffians, from a small tender belonging to the Otter sloop of war, who treated him very ill, and after strictly searching the vessel, and robbing him of a gun, they went off in search of more plunder.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 4.
Last Wednesday afternoon two tenders came up James river, and fired a considerable time upon Jamestown, and at the sentinels placed there from the camp, but did no other damage than driving two or three small balls through the ferry-house.
Several private letters, in town, by yesterday's post, from Philadelphia, mention the death of our worthy and much beloved Speaker and Delegate, the Hon. Peyton Randolph, Esq.; to the great grief of his amiable Lady, who is now in that city.
Births. Last Sunday evening, the spouse of Mr. WILLIAM HOLT, near this city, was safely delivered of two stout boys and a girl, all well, and likely to continue so.
Died. In the flower of her age, Mrs. CATHERINE DARRACOTT, of Hanover: This amiable Lady (a correspondent informs us) possessed almost every christian virtue; the poor have cause to lament the loss, for she was charitable to an extreme; her husband can never forget her, for he was the most dutiful of wives; and her sex must own that she was the most conspicuous example of chastity, virtue, and religion.
Col. JOHN PRENTIS, of this city, merchant. In COMMITTEE, Williamsburg, October 23, 1775. Ordered, THAT the Commissary of Musters in each district attend the battalion thereof only on the last day of their several meetings to perform battalion duty. Extra. JOHN PENDLETON, Clk. Com. Safety.
ADVERTISEMENTS.
PETERSBURG, October 31, 1775.
I intend to leave the Colony immediately.
WILLIAM DOUGLASS.
WARWICK, November 1, 1775.
I INTEND to leave the Colony soon, for a few Months. In my Absence the Business will be conducted by my Brothers, David and George Leitch. The Debts contracted with Mr. Lightfoot and Mr. Graham, in Prince Edward County, are now in the Possession of George Leitch to collect.
JOHN LEITCH.
RICHMOND, October 23, 1775.
To be RENTED for one or more Years, and entered upon directly,
THE House and Tenement which Mr. Patrick Coutts, Merchant in this Town, presently possesses, belonging to the Estate of Capt. James Gunn. It is one of the most beautiful and healthful Situations in America.
JAMES BUCHANAN. Guardian for the Heir.
WHEREAS Lord Dunmore, not contented with having involved the affairs of this colony in extreme confusion, by withdrawing himself unnecessarily from the administration of Government, and exciting an insurrection of our slaves, hath lately, in conjunction with the officers of the navy, proceeded to commence hostilities against his Majesty's peaceable subjects in the town and neighbourhood of Norfolk; captivated many, and seized the property of others, particularly slaves, who are detained from the owners; stopped all intercourse between the inhabitants of that borough and the other parts of the colony, except by such as are inimical to the rights of America; by means of whom provisions are supplied to the troops, and intelligence conveyed to his Lordship of every material transaction, whilst none of his pernicious designs can transpire in the country until they are manifested by the execution of them: The Committee of Safety, in order to counteract, as far as they can, so unjustifiable a partiality, have unanimously resolved, that no person whatsoever shall be allowed to pass to or from the borough of Norfolk, or town of Portsmouth, without a permit from the said Committee, or the committee of the county or corporation wherein such person resides, or from the commanding officer of one of the regiments, or of a detachment therefrom, or from the commanding officer of a company or detachment of minute-men or militia, in actual service at the time of such permit. And all committees, and all officers, civil and military, and all other persons, friends to America, are desired to attend to this resolution.
By order of the Committee of Safety.
JOHN PENDLETON, Jun. Clk.
I HEREBY desire all who are indebted either by Bond or open Account to the late Mrs. Mary Jones and Mr. William Potter of York County, deceased, to make speedy Payment, and such as have Demands against the said Estate to let them be known immediately. Those Persons that have not given in their Bonds at the said Mary Jones's Sale are requested to give them in as soon as possible.
BAKER PERKINS, Surviving Administrator.
N. B. This I look upon to be sufficient Notice.
THE Store at Leeds, kept by the Subscriber for Account of Mr. Richard Holland, being to be discontinued, the GOODS on Hand, consisting of many saleable Articles, to the Amount of at least 300l. Sterling, and some valuable HORSES, will be sold on the 10th of November next, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, to the highest Bidders. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed the Purchasers, on giving Bond and Security.-----All Persons that have had Dealings at the said Store are desired to come and settle their Accounts as soon as possible. (2) THOMAS JETT.
FOR SALE,
ABOUT £.1200 Sterling Worth of well assorted DRY GOODS, on very reasonable Terms, for Cash, or short Credit with approved Security. The Terms may be known by applying to the PRINTERS.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 4, 1775.
NORTHAMPTON, North Carolina, Oct. 25, 1775.
TO BE SOLD,
On Friday the 8th of December next, pursuant to the last Will and Testament of Mr. CHARLES NODEN, deceased,
THREE Hundred and twenty five Acres of exceeding good LAND, mostly rich low Grounds, with a Plantation and all necessary Houses in tenantable Repair, and cleared Land sufficient to work 8 or 10 Hands. The Land lies upon the north Side of Roanoke River, within three Miles of Halifax Town, in a Place well known by the Name of Occoquene Neck. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed the Purchaser, on giving Bond and good Security; which Bond, if not discharged by the Day the Money becomes due, must carry Interest from the Date. THE EXECUTOR.
ALL Persons that have any Demands against the Estate of James Allen, deceased, and likewise the Estate of Anne Allen, deceased, of Hanover County, are desired to lodge their Accounts, properly proved, with Capt. William Craighead of said County, or the Subscribers, in Prince Edward, by the 25th Instant (November) as the Estate will be divided by that Time. JAMES ALLEN, CHARLES ALLEN, Executors.
To be seen at Mr. John Lockley's, next Door to Mr. Gilbert's, Shoemaker, in WILLIAMSBURG, A CURIIOUS PIECE OF WAXWORK, representing Venus relating to Adonis the Story of Hippomenes and Atalanta. PRICE 1s.
To be SOLD, or RENTED,
THE HOUSES and LOTS of the late Elkanah Deane, deceased, pleasantly situated in Palace Street. There is a Well of good Water on the Premises, an exceeding good Garden and Pasture at the Back of the Dwelling-House, all well paled in; and there are several Springs, and a Run of Water through the same. The Houses are in good Repair, and some of them but lately built. ---And on Tuesday the 28th of November next will be sold, for ready Money, the HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, a large Quantity of COACHMAKERS, JOINERS, and BLACKSMITHS TOOLS, belonging to the said Deceased. ---There are on Hand, and will be sold remarkably cheap for Cash, an elegant PHÆTON, and DOUBLE and SINGLE CHAIRS of several Sorts, finished in the best Manner.
ELIZABETH DEANE, Administratrix.
N. B. All Persons indebted to the said Estate are requested to make immediate Payment, and Bonds will be expected from all who do not settle their Accounts at the meeting of the Merchants; those who have any Demands against the said Estate are desired to bring them in, properly proved.
WILLIAMSBURG, October 26, 1775.
TO BE SOLD,
At public Auction, pursuant to the last Will and Testament of Mr. JOHN TODD BICKERTON, deceased, at HANOVER Court-house, on the first Thursday in December next, being Court Day, ONE Tract of LAND lying on the Bird Creek, in Albemarle County, containing 700 Acres, with a Plantation cleared sufficient to work 7 or 8 Hands, and convenient Buildings for a Family. Also one other Tract lying on Hickory Creek, in Louisa County, containing 1425 Acres, without any Improvements. These Lands are subject to the Dower of Mrs. Martha Bickerton. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed, the Purchasers giving Bond, with approved Security, to THE EXECUTORS.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Botetourt County, on the 13th of October last, a Convict Servant Man named JOHN MURPHEY, about 5 Feet 3 Inches high, with a large bushy Head of dark coloured Hair, is an Englishman, speaks plain, and writes well; he was dressed, when he went away, in a white Rufus Drill Coat and Waistcoat, with Leather Breeches, but will probably change his Clothes (as he took with him a Variety of others) and attempt to pass for a Freeman. He carried away 9 Holland Shirts, two of them ruffled, and marked IM, with broad Hems on the Ruffles; two others plain, marked AC, with the Numbers below the Marks; the other five ruffled only at the Bottom, with narrow Hems on the Ruffles; three Pair of Stockings, one of gray Worsted, one of white Thread, and the other of brown Thread; a white Cotton Waistcoat, corded; a Country made blue striped Handkerchief; white Jeans Waistcoat and Breeches; an old great Coat, with one Corner torn off, and the Button-Holes in the Pocket Flaps made downwards; a Fannail Hat, with yellow Lining, and marked in the Crown R. May. 75.; a Pair of small Silver Buckles, almost square, stamped T A; also a Silver Watch, with a Double Case, on the inner of which is engraved Stephen May, London, and the same on the Edge of the Plate, under the Case. He had a Number of other Articles too tedious here to mention, and rode away upon a likely BAY HORSE about 4 Feet 9 Inches high, 4 Years old, with a Film over one of his Eyes, and a small black Spot on the near Side of his Neck, paces and gallops well. He also took an old Portmanteau Saddle and Saddle Bags. I will give 10l. Reward to any Person who takes up and secures the Thief and stolen Goods, so that I get them again; or 5l. for the Thief alone, and will pay any Person, over and above what the Law allows, for bringing him to me in the aforesaid County.
JOHN MAY.
RUN away from Hampton, on Sunday last, a lusty Mulatto Fellow named ARGYLE, well known about the Country, has a Scar on one of his Wrists, and has lost one or more of his fore Teeth; he is a very handy Fellow by Water, or about the House, &c. loves Drink, and is very bold in his Cups, but dastardly when sober. Whether he will go for a Man of War's Man, or not, I cannot say; but I will give 40s. to have him brought to me. He can read and write. NOVEMBER 2, 1775. JACOB WRAY.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in New Kent, in the Year 1772, a small new Negro Man named GEORGE, about 40 Years of Age, with a Nick in one Ear, and some Marks with the Whip. He was about Williamsburg till last Winter, but either went or was sent to Lord Dunmore's Quarter in Frederick County, and there passes for his Property. Whoever conveys him to me shall have 5l. Reward. JAMES MOSS.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from the Subscriber, the 12th of September last a bright bay HORSE about 6 Years old, 14 Hands and a Half high, shod before, branded on the near Buttock WA in a Piece, and has several remarkable Places about him, viz. a white Place under his Belly, which came by hard Riding, and has had the Hooks cut out of his Eyes. Whoever brings the said Horse to me, at Mr. Francis Thornton's Plantation, near Fredericksburg, shall have 30s. Reward, and 50s. for apprehending the Thief. 2|| WILLIAM GREENLEES.
TAKEN up, in Halifax, a DUN BAY MARE about 7 or 8 Years old, 4 Feet 6 Inches high, branded on the near Buttock with a Hook, has a small Star in her Forehead, and a few white Hairs round one of her fore Legs. Posted, and appraised to 8l. (||) GEORGE MOORE.
TAKEN up, in Hanover, a FROSTY BAY HORSE about 8 Years old, 4 Feet 7 or 8 Inches high, with a Blaze Face, his hind Legs white, and branded on the near Buttock L. Posted, and appraised to 20l. AUGUSTINE WOOLFOLK.
TAKEN up, in Amherst, a BLACK MARE, with some white Hairs intermixed, about 10 or 11 Years old, 4 Feet 4 or 5 Inches high, trots and paces, her Back is much scarified, has some small Saddle Spots, and branded on the near Shoulder and off Buttock, as near as can be described, thus 5. Posted, and appraised to 7l. (||) HENRY BELL.
TAKEN up, in Prince Edward, two BLACK STEERS, 3 Years old last Spring, marked with a Crop, Slit, and Underkeel in the right Ear, and a Crop, two Slits, and an Underkeel in the left; they have both white Faces, and white under their Bellies, some White near their Withers, and on the Ends of their Tails. Posted, and appraised to 3l. 10s. BENJAMIN HASKINS.
TAKEN up, in Prince Edward, a RED BRINDLE STEER, 3 Years old last Spring, marked with a Crop and Underkeel in the left Ear, and an Underkeel and Hole in the right, the Hole supposed to be torn out. Posted, and appraised to 35s. JOHN SMITH.
The Printers of this Paper have the following Articles for Sale:
SKETCHLEY'S
New invented CONVERSATION CARDS, Ornamented with forty eight Copperplate Cuts; calculated to amuse and improve the Mind, to learn those that play with them to speak with propriety, and tell a Story well.
It is natural to seek for Amusement or Diversion; the bad Effects of the common Cards daily shew us their pernicious Consequences; on the contrary, these Cards, the more they are played with the more they improve and instruct; they will exercise the Imagination, enlarge the Understanding, and every One that plays with them are sure to be Gainers: --- To which is added, THE COMPLETE FORTUNE-TELLER, by which Persons may inform themselves of the various Events that may befall them, without
"Searching Houses above to know What shall happen to them below."
MAREDANT'S ANTISCOR BUTIC DROPS, A N D Dr. KEYSER'S celebrated PILLS.
A L S O S E R M O N S
By the Reverend JACOB DUCHE and WILLIAM SMITH, of Philadelphia, preached at the Request of the first and third Battalions of that City.
The NEW MANUAL EXERCISE, With the Rules and Articles to be observed for the Government of the AMERICAN Army.
A N D The VIRGINIA ALMANACK For the Year of our LORD 1776.

POETS CORNER.
An EPISTLE from a Lady to her Husband, who embarked on the American expedition.
To him, on whom each future joy depends, This faithful billet sad Eudocia sends, Whilst yet the winds adverse, and boist'rous main, On Devon's friendly coast his ships detain.
Alas, my lovely youth, why slept the storms, When urg'd by glory you forsook my arms? Ten thousand fond commands I have to give, In deathful days to think of me and live.
Disastrous hour!—and can the powers expose The softest heart to bear the sharpest woes? Ah! why did Heav'n bestow the tender thought, An artless soul, with fixt affection fraught?
TAKEN up, in Amelia, a BLACK HORSE, 14 Hands high, about 9 Years old, with a Star in his Forehead, has been worked, and is branded on each Buttock F. Posted, and appraised to 10l. (||) JOHN CHILDERS.
TAKEN up, in King George, a DARK BAY MARE, 13 1/2 Hands high, and branded on the near Buttock I G, has two small Stars in her Forehead. Posted, and appraised to 6l. 10s. (||) WILLIAM BURGESS.
TAKEN up, in Albemarle, a BAY HORSE about 4 Feet 6 or 7 Inches high, about 7 Years old, with a Switch Tail and hanging Mane, has some white Hairs in his Forehead, trots altogether, and branded on the near Buttock 10. Posted, and appraised to 10l. (||) GEORGE DUNCAN.
TAKEN up, in Albemarle, a BRIGHT BAY HORSE about 4 Feet 6 Inches high, 8 or 9 Years old, dark about the Legs, Mane, &c. he has a hanging Mane and Switch Tail, no Brand perceivable, shod before, and paces well and fast. Posted, and appraised to 15l. (||) ROBERT WRIGHT.
FALLS of JAMES River, October 25, 1775.
AT the earnest Solicitation of many Gentlemen on Potomack, and influenced by my own Interest on that River, I have been endeavouring to open its Navigation from Tidewater upwards, and have been at considerable Expence in Preparation, &c. to forward that useful Work; but the Necessity of a Maryland Act of Assembly co-operating with one passed in Virginia, and which I have not yet been able to obtain, has obliged me to decline it for the present.
I therefore inform the Public, that, having a Fee Simple therein, I am going on with the Canal at my own Expence, and will further risk my whole Fortune and Time on the Success of my Undertaking, and desire no Aid or Assistance until I make the Navigation safe and easy to Schooner Warehouse; expecting, nevertheless, the more large and generous Contributions from all who benefit when the Work is done. JOHN BALLENDINE.
I want to hire a Hundred Slaves for the above Purpose, and should be glad to treat with any Person or Persons inclinable; at the same Time could assist with the best Part of their Winter Clothing, if not otherwise provided.
WE the Subscribers, having settled the Accounts which have been produced to us for the Pay and Provisions of the Volunteer Companies, give Notice that the Commissioners purpose to meet again at Williamsburg, on Monday the 20th of next Month. All Persons having Claims for that Service unsettled are desired to attend that Day.
OCTOBER 25, 1775. WILLIAM LANGHORNE. HENRY KING. WILLIAM NORVELL. CHAMPION TRAVIS.
ON the 4th Day of November next, at the late Dwelling-House of Robert Harrison, deceased, late of Charles City County, will be sold to the highest Bidders, all the personal Estate of the said Robert, consisting of Stocks of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, and Hogs, Household and Kitchen Furniture. Six Months Credit will be allowed, on Bond and approved Security being given; the Bonds to carry Interest from their Dates if not punctually discharged. NATHANIEL HARRISON, Administrator of Henry Harrison, deceased.
STRAYED from Fredericksburg, on Saturday the 14th Instant (October) a GRAY HORSE turned of 4 Years old, about 14 1/2 Hands high, branded on the Buttock WP in a Piece, and has a small Piece of Skin rubbed off his Back in the Saddle. Whoever takes up the said Horse, and delivers him to Col. Fielding Lewis in Fredericksburg, or to the Subscriber in Spotsylvania, will be entitled to a Reward of 20s. paid by JOHN LEWIS.
YORK Town, October 26, 1775.
I intend to leave the Colony for a few Months. (||) WILLIAM DAVIS.
AS SALT PETRE is an Article much wanted in America, the COMMITTEE OF SAFETY earnestly recommend it to the Planters of Tobacco in this Colony to cut down and preserve all their Tobacco Stalks, and also to preserve the Trash Stalks and Sweepings of their Tobacco-Houses, which are found to be exceedingly useful in the production of that necessary Article. By Order of the Committee. JOHN PENDLETON, Jun. Clk.
As the Circumstances of the present Times make it prudent to guard against the Conveyance of Intelligence to the Enemies of America, by Means of certain evil disposed Persons, who may travel through the Country for that Purpose, the Committee of Safety do therefore earnestly recommend it to all magistrates, and other Officers, civil and military, the Members of the several Committees, and all others within this Colony, to be vigilant in examining all Strangers and suspected Persons whom they may find passing; and to stop such as do not give a proper Account of their Journey and Employment. By Order of the Committee. JOHN PENDLETON, Jun. Clk.
FOR SALE,
A TRACT of LAND on the north Side of Roanoke River, containing about 1500 Acres, about one Half low Grounds, and the high Land of the best Quality. There is a good Dwelling-House on this Tract, and Land cleared sufficient to work 15 Hands. Also a TRACT of LAND near the above, whereon the Subscriber now resides, containing about 800 Acres, with a very good Dwelling-House and all convenient Outhouses, and a GRIST-MILL, the annual Toll of which is about 250 Barrels of Corn, and 1000 Bushels of Wheat. It is needless to be more particular, as no One would choose to purchase without seeing the Premises, which will be shewn to any Person by the Subscriber, or in his Absence by his Overseer. Also for Sale the STOCKS of HORSES, CATTLE, & HOGS, and PLANTATION UTENSILS, with the Crop of Corn on the first Tract. For Terms apply to the Subscriber. North Carolina, Northampton County, September 29, 1775. ALLEN JONES.
THE Committee of the County of York is desired to meet at the Courthouse of the said County on Friday the 10th of November next, at which Time the several Gentlemen appointed by the Committee to collect Money for any public Use are requested to produce their Accounts, that they may be finally settled before the Election of a new Committee. WILLIAM RUSSELL, Clk. Com.
A COMPANY of Gentlemen of North Carolina having, for a large and valuable Consideration, purchased from the Chiefs of the Cherokee Indians, by and with the Consent of the whole Nation, a considerable Tract of their Lands, now called Transylvania, lying on the Rivers Ohio, Cumberland, and Louisa; and understanding that many People are desirous of becoming Adventurers in that Part of the World, and wish to know the Terms on which Lands in that Country may be had, they therefore hereby inform the Public, that any Person who will settle on and inhabit the same before the first Day of June 1776, shall have the Privilege of taking up and surveying for himself 500 Acres, and for each titheable Person he may carry with him and settle there 250 Acres, on the Payment of 50s. Sterling per Hundred, subject to an yearly Quitrent of 2s. like Money, to commence in the Year 1780. Such Persons as are willing to become Purchasers may correspond and treat with Mr. William Johnson in Hillsborough, and Col. John Williams of Granville, North Carolina, or Col. Richard Henderson at Boonborough, in Transylvania. This Country lies on the south Side of the Rivers Ohio and Louisa, in a temperate and healthy Climate. It is in general well watered with Springs and Rivulets, and has several Rivers, up which Vessels of considerable Burthen may come with Ease. In different Places of it are a Number of Salt Springs, where the making of Salt has been tried with great Success, and where, with Certainty, any Quantity needed may be easily and conveniently made. Large Tracts of the Land lie on Lime-stone, and in several Places there is Abundance of Iron Ore. The Fertility of the Soil, and Goodness of the Range, almost surpasses Belief; and it is at present well stored with Buffalo, Elk, Deer, Bear, Beaver, &c. and the Rivers abound with Fish of various Kinds. Vast Crowds of people are daily flocking to it, and many Gentlemen of the first Rank and Character have bargained for Lands in it; so that there is a great Appearance of a rapid Settlement, and that it will soon become a considerable Colony, and one of the most agreeable Countries in America. (6)
TAKEN up, in Dinwiddie, a SORREL MARE with a Blaze Face, a light coloured Mane and Tail, has had a Fistula, and has got a Pollevil. Also a DARK GRAY MARE, foaled last Spring, with a Star in her Forehead. Posted and appraised, the Mare to 40s. and the Foal to 4l. EDWARD WYATT.
TO BE SOLD,
At the next Meeting of the Merchants, in WILLIAMSBURG, by Virtue of a Deed of Trust made to the Subscribers, THE Estate of John Randolph, Esq; his Majesty's Attorney General, consisting of his late DWELLING-HOUSE within the said City, and of the LAND adjoining, of several very valuable FAMILY SERVANTS, and a Variety of FURNITURE. A Year's Credit will be allowed the Purchasers, they giving Bond, with good Security, to PEYTON RANDOLPH, JOHN BLAIR, JAMES COCKE. tf
ESSEX County, Sept. 10, 1775.
RUN away from the Subscriber, about the Middle of July last, a Virginia born Negro Lad named NED, who is about 18 Years of age, and about 5 Feet high; one of his Hands has a large Scar, occasioned by its being burnt when he was a Child, by which Means some of his Fingers grow together. He has a flat Face and long Head, which is remarkably sharp on the Top. His Clothes were such as are common for Negroes, and he was seen going down the Country. Whoever will secure the said Negro, so that I get him again, shall have a Reward of 40s. besides what the law allows. tf JAMES EDMONDSON.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Williamsburg, the 16th Instant (July) two Servant Men, viz. JOHN STAUNTON, an Englishman, very talkative, by Trade a Wheelwright, pitted with the Smallpox, about 5 Feet 7 or 8 Inches high, with short dark Hair; had on, when he went away, a brown Cloth Coat and Jacket, and striped and Check Trousers. —ANDREW M'GILL, a Scotchman, by Trade a Blacksmith, about 5 Feet 7 Inches high, wears short dark Hair, of a swarthy Complexion; had on a dark blue Cloth Coat and Jacket, Leather Breeches, and striped and Check Trousers. —I imagine they will endeavour to pass for Sailors, as from the ships of war. I have heard that they were seen going towards North Carolina, and will give 5l. for each if secured in any Gaol. tf JOHN SHIPHARD.
CHESTERFIELD, October 15, 1775.
A CERTAIN John Green, by Trade a House Carpenter and Joiner, was entrusted with two BLACK HORSES, one of them mine, the other Major Peterfield Trent's, to bring them from Mr. William Hardyman's in Charles City, up here, last Saturday the 7th Instant. One of the Horses is a pretty large Black, with a hanging Mane and Switch Tail, I believe not branded, about 7 Years old, paces remarkably well and easy; had on him a hunting Saddle with a blue Cloth, bound round with white Cloth, in imitation of Lace. The other, belonging to Major Trent, was a low well set black Horse, with a hanging Mane and Switch Tail, his Brand (if any) I do not know, trots and gallops, and when out of Hand very hard to catch; he had on a Saddle with a Leather Slip or Cover over it, made to fit close to the Seat, and appeared as if the only Cover of the Saddle. I believe the Saddle itself had a Buckskin Seat, but am not positive. The said John Green is a middle-sized Man, with his own Hair, and wears a light blue Cloth Coat, stutters so very remarkably, that none who once hears him attempt to speak but must immediately take Notice of him, as it is with the greatest Difficulty and apparent Pain that he can utter a single Word. I am told this John Green married a Woman in Williamsburg about 8 or 10 Months ago, of the Name of Hildrop, and may be gone first that Way. I hope every One will contribute to have such a Villain apprehended, and will give all the Intelligence and Assistance in their Power for that Purpose. It is requested he may be secured in some Gaol, to answer for his Villainy. Whoever brings the Horses to me shall have a Reward of 40s. for each, and 5l. on Conviction of the Thief. WILLIAM BLACK.
YORK Town, September 19, 1775.
RUN away from Col. Philip Rootes, of King and Queen, a Negro Man named HARRY, who was some Years ago mortgaged to the Hon. William Nelson. It is with good Reason suspected that he is lurking about West Point, and that he is harboured by some of Col. Thomas Moore's Negroes. Whoever secures and delivers the said Negro, either to Col. Rootes or to one of us, shall receive 40s. Reward. tf THE EXECUTORS.
DINWIDDIE, September 1, 1775.
FOR SALE, on very reasonable Terms, several Tracts of valuable PATENTED LAND, some of which have Plantations with considerable Improvements thereon; also several Surveys and Entries of LAND, all lying in the Counties of Halifax, Charlotte, and Bedford. Any Person inclinable to purchase may see the Land, and know the Terms, by applying to Mr. Joseph Medley in Halifax, or to Mr. Thomas Paulet or William Harvey, Junior, of Charlotte. Good Titles will be made the Purchasers by Mr. Alexander Shaw of this County, who is properly authorised to act for me during my Absence from this Colony, for a few Months. (tf) NATHANIEL MANSON.
ALEXANDRIA, June 5, 1775.
EIGHT POUNDS REWARD.
RUN away from the Subscriber, two indentured Servants named ROBERT SHAW and ANDREW INGLES, both Natives of Scotland, and Bakers by Trade. Each of them had on a Bearskin Jacket lined with Haid, Osnaburg Trousers, old Shoes, and Half worn Castor Hats. Their Bundles consist, as it is supposed, of two Match Coat Blankets, two Pair of Leather Breeches, two Osnaburg Shirts, two Check Shirts, and two red Jackets. Shaw is about 5 Feet 10 Inches high, has a swarthy Complexion, dark short frized Hair, a long Scar on his right Arm, appears bold, and talks much. Ingles is about 5 Feet 5 Inches high, has short straight Hair, swarthy and long featured, has a Scar over his right Eye, his right Leg is sore, he is fond of Liquor, and talks more in his Country Dialect than Shaw. THOMAS WALSON, a Convict, about 27 Years of Age, a Barber by Trade, about 5 Feet 6 Inches high, has a Laddish down Look, brown straight Hair, a little mock-kneed, and a leering Look; had on, and took with him, two white Linen Shirts, an old Drab coloured Cloth Coat, one red and one striped Holland Jacket, one Pair of new Drilling Breeches, one Pair of old Buff coloured Stocking Breeches, one Pair of white and one Pair of white and blue spotted Stockings, a new Felt Hat bound with black Ferreting, has a black Silk Handkerchief, and some other Things which cannot be described. WILLIAM LEE, by Trade a Cooper, about 5 Feet 9 Inches high, marked with the Smallpox, has a remarkable large Nose, speaks thick, and is impudent; he took with him a yellow Bul-Dog, with cropped Ears, one Side of his Face white, has a Glass Eye, and white Breast and Neck, is very fond of going into the Water, and answers to the Name of Turk. The said Lee had a Variety of Clothes, which cannot well be described. Whoever takes up, and secures the said Servants, shall have the above Reward, or 40s. for each, paid by JAMES KIRK. ROBERT ADAM. GEORGE PURVIS. (tf—||3s.)
TO BE SOLD,
THREE Thousand Acres of well timbered LAND, near Newmarket, in Caroline County, whereon are two Plantations in good Repair, with proper and convenient Edifices for farming or making of Tobacco. For Terms apply to the Subscriber. (tf) JOHN BAYLOR.
TO BE SOLD,
A TRACT of LAND in Caroline County, contiguous to Mattaponi, containing about 2000 Acres of well timbered Land, the Property of Mr. Robert Baylor. The Terms may be known by applying to Mr. Nathaniel Burwell of King William, Mr. John Armistead of Caroline, and Mr. John Baylor, Executors. (tf)
FOR SALE, and very CHEAP,
THE Tract of LAND whereon I now live, in the lower End of Caroline County, that contains 470 Acres, and is known to be very good. The Improvements are, a new Dwelling-House 32 by 28 Feet, with three Dormants on a Side, two Fireplaces below, and one above, a good Cellar, the Kitchen 24 by 16 Feet, with all other Outhouses quite new, and the Plantation in fine Order for Cropping. Its Situation is equal to any Forest Place whatever. I will give Credit till next Christmas, when Possession may be had. (tf) LE ROY HIPKINS.