The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-07-11 00:00:00

[As the Excise Law of the United States began to operate the first day of the present month, we insert the following abstract, for the information of the public.]
FIRST CLAUSE enacts that the duties heretofore laid upon distilled spirits be repealed, and that the duty upon distilled spirits imported shall be as follows:—According to Dicas's hydrometer—
  Spirits more than 10 per cent. below proof, 20 cents.   Ditto under 5 and not more than 10 below, 21   Ditto of proof and not more than 5 below, 22   Ditto above proof not exceeding 20 per cent. above, 25   Ditto more than 20 and not more than 40 above, 30   Ditto more than 40 above proof, 40 
II. That the said duties shall be collected in the manner explained by the collection law, this being a supplementary law to the revenue act, and it is expected that a co-operation of the officers appointed under each, will obviate any embarrassment that might ensue.
III. Any amount of duties under 50 dollars to be prompt payment—if above 50 and not more than 500 may be bonded at four months—if above 500, may either be paid or bonded at six months, or may be secured by a deposit of the said spirits equal to the value of the duty and charges of keeping, &c.
IV. The United States to be divided into fourteen districts, each consisting of one state, subject to alteration by the President, and to be subdivided into surveys for inspection, with a supervisor and as many inspectors to each as may be thought necessary.
V. Respects the forms in which the accounts are to be kept.
VI. Contains the oath or affirmation to be taken by the officers, &c.
VII. Provides for the keeping proper offices by the collectors, &c. to have the following inscription—"OFFICE OF INSPECTION,"—each office should be within the distance of 10 miles to every owner of a still.
VIII. Masters of vessels to report to an inspector of the port within 48 hours after the arrival, the place from whence the vessel last sailed, her name, burthen, and the quantity and kinds of spirits on board, the casks, vessels or cases containing them, with their marks and numbers, under penalty of 500 dollars.
IX. The collector or other officer with whom the entry is made, to transmit the same to the officer of inspection of the port where it is intended to deliver the spirits; and each proprietor, importer or consignee, must deliver two manifests of contents (upon one of which, the certificate was given) and the permits granted by the collector, to be produced to the inspectors, who shall keep a book, and indorse upon the back of the permit, the word "INSPECTED," the time when, and his name, and return it to the person who produced it—the forfeit in case of noncompliance, 500 dollars.
X. In case of a vessel sailing from one port to another, of the United States after having made entry and complied with the law, the master or owner may apply to the inspector for a certificate of the entry and likewise of the quantity that may have been landed, which certificate must be delivered to the inspector of the next port within 24 hours after arrival, under penalty of 500 dollars.
XI. All imported spirits to be landed under the inspection of an officer, on pain of forfeiture.
XII. The officers of inspection must brand the casks, vessels, or cases, with progressive numbers, also the name of the ship wherein the spirits were imported, the port of entry, and the proof and quantity, &c.
XIII. The officers of excise to give a certificate to the owner, &c. also another certificate for each cask, vessel or case, as evidence of its being lawfully imported; these certificates to be delivered to the purchaser, on pain of forfeiting 50 dollars for each cask, &c. delivered without said certificate.
  XIV. UPON ALL SPIRITS DISTILLED WITHIN THE UNITED STATES, wholly or in part from molasses, sugar or other foreign materials there shall be paid the following duties, viz. Cents.   For every gallon more than ten per cent. below proof, 11   Under 5 and not more than 10 below 12   Of proof and not more than five per cent. below, 13   Above proof, and not exceeding 20 per cent. above, 15   More than 20 and not more than 40 above, 20   More than 40, 30 
XV. This section distinguishes distilleries of domestic materials in cities, towns and villages from
  those in other places—If more than 10 per cent. below proof 9   Under 5 and not more than 10 below, 10   Proof and not more than 5 below, 11   Proof and not exceeding 20 above, 13   More than 20 and not exceeding 40, 17   More than 40, 25 
XVI. These duties to be collected, under the management of the supervisors of the revenue.
XVII. The duty to be secured before the spirits can be removed; by bond at three months; or if paid, an allowance to be made of 2 cents for every 10 gallons.
XVIII. The supervisors of each district, to appoint proper officers to have the charge and survey of the said distilleries.
XIX. Spirits must be branded, before they are taken away from the distillery, with the name of the owner, &c. and the duties having been first paid or secured, the officer to grant a certificate for each cask, &c. the penalty if removed without being branded, is forfeiture of the whole, together with the cask, the horse and cart, or vessel carrying the same, and the owner of the distillery to forfeit the value.
XX. Spirits can only be removed between sun-rising and sun-setting, except in the presence of the officer of the survey, under forfeiture thereof or the value, at the highest price in the market, to be recovered with costs of suit.
XXI. DUTY ON STILL—every still employed in distilling spirits from materials of the growth or production of the United States, to pay 60 cents per gallon, English wine measure for the contents, including the head thereof.
XXII. Any still erected in stone, brick, &c. whereby it can be worked, to be liable to the above duty.
XXIII. The said duties to be collected by the supervisors in each district, who shall assign proper officers; the payments to be half-yearly within the first 15 days of January and July; and in case of neglect of the owners, &c. may be levied by distress and sale, &c.
XXIV. The proprietor may keep a book of entry, and in case of finding himself aggrieved, may have the same compared with the officer's book on oath, which will serve as a check on each party.
XXV. Every distillery to have written or painted on some conspicuous part, outside and in front of each door, &c. the words "Distillery of Spirits"; and the distiller must give three days notice before he begins to distill, at the nearest office of inspection, under forfeit of 100 dollars, and all the spirits kept in said distillery or the value thereof at the highest market price; Provided that the said entry shall be made on the first day of July next, or within three days thereafter, that is before the 5th day of July next, accompanied with a particular account or inventory of the spirits.
N. B. The above provisions are further explained in the 36th section.
XXVI. Contains instructions to officers for marking casks, &c. that contain "old stock" and giving certificates thereof to the distillers.
XXVII. Importers of distilled spirits neglecting to make entries on the first of July, to forfeit 50 dollars for each cask, case or vessel and the spirit contained therein or the value thereof.
XXVIII. Every cask containing distilled spirits found in possession of any person, unless it has the proper marks provided by this law, is liable to forfeiture.
XXIX. Officers may enter into every house marked as before provided, at all hours, and by raftering, gauging, or otherwise, to take an account of the quantity, kinds, and proofs of the said spirits, and also may take samples paying for the same the usual price.
XXX. Any person rubbing out or defacing the marks on casks agreeably to the law, to forfeit for each offence 100 dollars.
XXXI. Vessels after being once marked "Old Stock" not to be used for any other purpose; and no distiller shall keep distilled spirits in any such vessels longer than for the space of one year, excepting vessels of 200 gallons and upwards not intended for removal.
XXXII. Spirits concealed with a view to evade the duties, to be forfeited; and any Judge of any court of the United States, or either of them, or Justice of the peace upon reasonable cause of suspicion made by oath, &c. may authorize officers by warrant, to enter and search with a constable, &c. all such places, and to seize and carry away the same as forfeited.
XXXIII. No spirituous liquors except gin, cordials in cases, jugs or bottles, shall be brought from any foreign port or place, in casks of less capacity than 50 gallons on pain of forfeiture of the spirits and of the ship or vessel in which they are brought; except sea-stores not exceeding four gallons for each seaman.
XXXIV. The cases, casks and vessels also to be forfeited.
XXXV. Distillers to keep an exact daily account of the spirits which they shall sell, send out, or distill, distinguishing their several kinds of proof, specifying the marks of the casks sold, to whom, and for whose use. This book to be liable to the inspection of officers, and to be delivered at the end of the year upon oath or affirmation or oftener if required under penalty of 100 dollars.
Forms for the books contemplated by this section, will be transmitted. The oath or affirmation in support of them, must be in writing annexed to each book, and will be administered by the Collector of the revenue, to whom such book is delivered—The following form is deemed eligible.
I [name of the party swearing or affirming] of [name of city, town, village, parish, precinct or other district] do swear [or if a religious denomination conscientiously scrupulous of swearing, do solemnly, sincerely and truly affirm and declare] that the entries in the book now by me delivered and hereunto annexed, were by me made at the respective days of the dates thereof, and that they were intended by me to be, and according to the best of my knowledge, recollection and belief, are true and exact, and do verify and truly shew the whole quantity of spirits distilled at
and also the whole quantity of spirits sold and sent out from the distillery, to which they are therein alleged to relate, from the day of to the day of including both the said days, the quantity so distilled during the said time amounting to gallons and no more.
A— B— Sworn [or affirmed, as the case may be] the day of 17 C— D— Collector of the revenue.
XXXVI. The above penalties not to extend to any person who uses only one still provided the same do not exceed 50 gallons, including the still head.
XXXVII. The marks on the vessels of the different kinds of proof to be distinguished "First proof," "Second proof," "Third proof," "Fourth proof," "Fifth proof," "Sixth proof."
XXXVIII. Respects the mode of prosecution against officers in cases of oppression.
That in any prosecution or action which may be brought against any supervisor or other officer of inspection, for any seizure by him made, it shall be necessary for such supervisor or officer of inspection, to justify himself by making it appear that there was probable cause for making the said seizure; upon which, and not otherwise a verdict shall pass in his favor. And in any such action or prosecution, or in any action or prosecution, which may be brought against such supervisor or other officer, for irregular or improper conduct in the execution of his duty, the trial shall be by a jury. And in any action for a seizure, in which a verdict shall pass for such officer, the jury shall nevertheless assess reasonable damages for any prejudice or waste (according to the true amount in value thereof), which shall be shewn by good proof to have happened to the spirits seized, in consequence of such seizure; and also for the detention of the same, at the rate of six per cent. per annum, on the value of the said spirits, at the time of such seizure, from that time to the time of restoration thereof; which shall be paid out of the treasury of the United States: Provided, that no damages shall be assessed when the seizure was made for the want of the proper certificate or certificates, or by reason of a refusal to shew any officer of inspection, upon his request, the spirits in any entered house, building or place: And provided also, that if it shall appear from the verdict of the jury, that any such prejudice or waste was sustained by the negligence of the officer, he shall be responsible therefor to the United States.
That if any supervisor or other officer of inspection, in any criminal prosecution against him, shall be convicted of oppression or extortion in the execution of his office, he shall be fined not exceeding five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not exceeding six months, or both, at the discretion of the court; and shall also forfeit his office.
XL. No fee to be taken for any certificate.
XLI. Officers neglecting their duty whereby any person may be injured, such person may bring an action and recover damages.
XLII. Actions brought under this act shall be commenced within three months, and unless bro't in a court of the United States shall be laid in the county where the cause has arisen; defendants may plead general issue and give this act in evidence. If verdict for the defendant, or plaintiff discontinues, or judgment be given by demurrer or otherwise, then such defendants shall have costs awarded him.
XLIII. For the relief of persons incurring penalties without wilful negligence or intention of fraud, it is lawful for the judge of the district, at any time within a year, to make a summary enquiry into the circumstances of the case, first causing rea-

reasonable notice to be given to the person or persons claiming such penalty or forfeitures, and to the attorney of such district; to the end that each may have an opportunity of shewing cause against the mitigation or remission thereof; and shall cause the facts which shall appear upon such enquiry, to be stated and annexed to the petition, and direct their transmission to the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, who shall thereupon have power to mitigate or remit such penalty or forfeiture, if it shall appear to him that such penalty or forfeiture was incurred without wilful negligence, or any design or intention of fraud, and to cause any spirits which may have been seized to be restored to the proprietor or proprietors, upon such terms and conditions as shall appear to him reasonable.
XLIV. The one half of all penalties and forfeitures, except as above provided, for the benefit of the seizing officers, &c. and the other for the United States, to be recovered with costs of suit, by action of debt in the name of the persons entitled thereto; or by information in the name of the United States of America; the action to be brought by the attorney of the district, provided none but chief officers of surveys to be entitled to the benefit of forfeitures unless notice of the seizure by him made shall be given by the person seizing within 48 hours after, to the said chief officers; but in such cases the United States shall have the entire benefit.
XLV. For giving of certificates or erasures, punishable by a penalty of 500 dollars.
XLVI. Perjury under this act, liable to the same penalties as under the common law.
XLVII. Bribery 500 dollars for each offence.
XLVIII. Obstructing officers or rescuing seizable property, fine 200 dollars for each offence.
XLIX. Supervisors or officers entering into any collusion for violating or evading this law, or embezzling the public money to forfeit 1000 dollars and be discharged.
L. Respects the manner in which the oath or affirmation shall be administered by the supervisors or their lawful deputies.
LI. Drawbacks, in case of exportation the whole duties to be remitted deducting \frac{1}{2} cent per gallon and adding to the allowance upon spirits distilled within the United States, from molasses 3 cents per gallon. The exporter to give 24 hours notice to the proper officer who shall examine and inspect the same and brand each cask, &c. with the word "exportation" and certify the transaction to the collector; provided the said allowance not to be made until after the exporter make oath that the said liquors are not intended to be re-landed within the United States, &c. then the allowance to be paid in six months. And in case that the owner shall countermand the said exportation and give due notice thereof, it shall then be lawful for the collector to grant a permit for the re-landing the same.
Breach of this section punishable by forfeiture of vessel and cargo, except in cases of necessity and distress to save the ship and goods from perishing.
No spirits to be exported in vessels under 30 tons burthen.
Bonds given in consequence of this article, may be discharged after one year by the certificate of our consul resident at the port to which such liquors were exported, which shall be confirmed by the oath or affirmation of the captain and mate, or where no consul is resident, the certificate of two merchants of the United States or of the chief civil magistrate of said place, and in cases that will not admit of either, then the exporter may offer such other proof as he can produce, of which the collector is to be deemed sufficient judge; except in cases where the drawback amounts to 100 dollars or upwards, then to be referred to the comptroller of the treasury, whose decision shall be final.
The President of the United States to make such allowances from time to time to supervisors, inspectors and their deputies, as he shall deem reasonable for their services, provided the same do not aggregate exceed 7\frac{1}{2} per cent. of the whole product of duties collected. And provided the whole allowances shall not exceed 45,000 dollars, until further ascertained by law.
The duties arising from this law to be appropriated in payment of the interest of the several and respective loans made in foreign countries prior to the 4th of August last; and also upon the loans made pursuant to an act, making provision for the debt of the United States.
The unappropriated surplus, if any, to applied to the reduction of the public debt, unless required for public exigency or by special acts of Congress otherwise appropriated.
AMERICA.
KINGSTON, (Jamaica) May 28.
A correspondent thinks the present appearance of the weather rather alarming, and sincerely hopes it may not terminate in one of the most tremendous visitations of God, an Earthquake! O how sudden in its operation, and dreadful in its effects! How awful to be awakened at the silent midnight hour, by our houses shaking from their foundations, and perhaps the ground opening and taking in hundreds, or, perhaps, thousands, of its wretched inhabitants, in a moment! O let all consider now, how they are prepared to meet their ALMIGHTY JUDGE! Can the Ministers then affirm they have not shun'd to declare the whole will of God to the people they have taken under their care? That they have faithfully and uniformly done their duty—
and if the people are lost, they are not to blame? Can every one in offices, however dignified or mean, declare their hands have held no bribes, but that they have acted faithfully in every thing they have transacted? Can the Judges, who preside in Courts, and all those to whom the execution of the laws are committed, say, they have been vigilant in performing every branch of their duty? Can the rich say, they have employed their riches to the relief of the widow, the orphan and the distressed? Can owners or employers say, they have acted in every circumstance, as they would with their dependants would act by them, were their stations reversed? Can those employed say, they have taken no unjust advantages? In short, Can every person say they have to the best of their knowledge and ability endeavoured to do their duty? If they can, they need not fear the earth being moved, or the hills being carried into the midst of the sea, for they will stand firm when time shall be no more!
May 31. We learn that a few loaves of sugar refined from the juice of the maple tree, have been lately received from America, by a gentleman in Spanish Town.
VERMONT.
BENNINGTON, June 20.
Some time since we published an account that the British had withdrawn their guards from the posts they had formerly holden in this state: The publication was made in consequence of information received from a gentleman who had recently been near the spot; but we now from authority, inform, that the intelligence was premature—On the contrary, the post at Pointe-au-Fer, formerly garrisoned with a subaltern's guard, is now augmented to a captain's: and that on Dutchman's Point, where formerly a corporal and four men were stationed, is re-enforced with a sergeant and twelve.
The Schooner Maria, likewise, who for a long time past has lain opposite Pointe-au-Fer, in Windmill-Bay, with four guns only on board, has received her full metal, together with a company of marines, her full complement of seamen, with her nettings, &c. complete, as in time of war. The Maria, and the post at Pointe-au-Fer, is five miles, and the post on Dutchman's Point, twelve miles, this side the northern line of Vermont.
The union of Canada with the fifteen states, has sometimes been matter of speculation. The expence Great-Britain is at to maintain its government over the province, the trifling consequence of its trade to the commercial interest of the nation, and the apparent ease with which it might be conquered should a rupture ever take place between Britain and America, render it perplexing to account for the conduct of that power in willing to retain her sovereignty in that quarter. It is perhaps difficult to assign any other view than that of providing for favourites and the mere pride and love of domination.
The late generous and liberal acts of the British Parliament, which relate to Canada, evince to a demonstration, that they are convinced that their former conduct was wrong, in assuming a right to tax in all cases whatsoever; they now relinquish the right to tax in any case whatever. The reason of this procedure is obvious; the flame of liberty burns bright in France, the great body of the Canadians retain their partialities therefore, for the mother country, when they see the shackles of despotism shaken off there, and reflect on the advantages of republican governments, enjoyed by their American neighbours.
Ambitious souls will catch the glowing zeal, And nobly dare advance the public weal, Fame thro' the world shall sound the lofty strain, A hero's blood was never spilt in vain: Where Wolfe, Montcalm, and brave Montgomery bled,
Freedom shall rear her long dejected head; Fayette's bold deeds some kindred soul shall fire, And bid his views to glorious heights aspire, The ambitious aims of sovereignty controul, And bid fair freedom greet the northern pole.
MASSACHUSETTS.
BOSTON, June 22.
The two Mr. Choates, who were captured in January last, by the Delaware Indians, at Big-Bottom, have returned to their friends, at Leicester, Worcester county.—They owe their liberty to the generosity of the British commanding-officer at Detroit.
RHODE-ISLAND.
PROVIDENCE, June 18.
A considerable number of counterfeit dollars, of different dates, have been lately discovered in circulation, in this town and the adjacent country.—They are made of block-tin, are not milled, and resemble those taken from a wreck on the African coast, usually called Cape de Verd dollars, which have been corroded by the salt water.—These counterfeits are easily detected, as they are very light, and feel greasy to the touch.
The Honourable the Circuit-Court of the United States, which commenced their term in this town on Tuesday the 7th instant, are now in session.—The Grand-Jury presented several Bills, two of which are against Stephen Pettis, one of them for forging a Final Settlement Certificate of the United States; on which bill he was tried on Thursday last, but the Jury gave in their verdict, not guilty —He stands committed on the other bill, and, we
are informed, he is to take his trial, with the other criminals, on Monday next, to which time the Court is adjourned.
CONNECTICUT.
MIDDLETON, June 25.
On the 24th instant, a complete company of federal troops, from Massachusetts, under the command of Capt. Phelon, of the second regiment, and forty chosen recruits from this state, belonging to the same regiment, and commanded by Lieut. Hartshorn, of the first regiment, embarked here, on board two transports, for Brunswick, in New-Jersey. Among these troops were very few Europeans, and their military appearance and good conduct gave general satisfaction.
HARTFORD, June 27.
It is with regret we mention the ravages made by the worms in various parts of the country this summer. We are told that in New-Haven county, and in the river towns through Massachusetts, Vermont, and New-Hampshire, and in the eastern part of Massachusetts about Boston, the apple-trees are stripped of their foliage by these destructive animals; and that, in some places, the oaks and elms have not escaped the same fate. Perhaps the oldest man alive cannot remember a season when these worms have appeared in such multitudes, and made such havoc with fruit trees. In many instances the usual remedy of tarring trees has proved ineffectual.
The man who will discover an effectual method for preserving trees from these devouring animals, will deserve a monument.
It has been said that hogs will preserve orchards, by rooting about the bodies of the trees in autumn. If so, by what means do they effect this purpose? Is it by finding and devouring the eggs of the worm, or by turning up the soil and exposing them to the air, rain and frost? This deserves consideration. If the latter, which seems probable, then a spade might be used to advantage, just before winter. To dig about the trees would not injure them generally and the loss of the grass or grain under the trees, might be dispensed with. This hint is suggested merely as an inducement to experiments which may ascertain the fact.
It is further suggested that trees growing upon a hard clay are never injured by the worms. In the town of Hartford, this is fully proved. The soil is too hard and unyielding to admit the worms, and many old orchards on such a soil have always escaped, while those which stand on a light soil, at only a small distance, are frequently stripped of every leaf. This fact may be of use to farmers in selecting the spots for their orchards.
NEW-JERSEY.
BURLINGTON, June 21.
An Albany paper after mentioning the arrival of Mr. Jefferson, and the celebrated Mr. Madison, at that place, adds—It is to be regretted that their short stay in this city deprived our principal characters from paying that respectful attention due to their distinguished merit. While the President is exploring one extremity of the empire, these enlightened patriots are doing the same in the other. —How different this from the leaders of the old corrupted empires of the east, (Pitt excepted) who are wallowing in every species of dissipation, regardless of the happiness or prosperity of their country? while ours are industriously prying into an accurate knowledge of the situation of every part of the union, from personal observation. With such men at the helm we passengers can promise ourselves nothing less than a prosperous and pleasant voyage.—The federal ship is sound, and well manned—the Captain is grown gray in experience—he has weathered out many a storm, and by his uncommon prudence he has avoided the effects of sudden squalls, by having his sails handed in time. The seamen are expert, and the most skillful pilots on board, well acquainted with soundings; which will be readily admitted, when it is considered, how dextrously they have steered the ship among shoals, rocks, and quicksands, without the least injury. The crew indeed appeared half disposed to mutiny at times, while sailing through this critical navigation, but at length they have arrived in bold water and plenty of sea room, and barring the common accidents to which all ships are exposed, they have but very little to apprehend.
NEW-BRUNSWICK, June 28.
Last Friday, agreeable to sentence, were executed for burglary, John Paine and Robert Jones.—Joseph Jilings, who was also under sentence of death, was reprieved.
PENNSYLVANIA.
PHILADELPHIA, July 2.
We are now brought to the close of the fiftieth year of the sovereignty and independency of the United States of America—Amidst the general joy and festivity which distinguish this truly glorious anniversary—say, can a retrospective pause be impertinent or improper? With what accelerated rapidity has time urged us on in our course, to Empire and happiness!—Through the smiles of Heaven on our exertions, we have laid the broadest foundation for the temple of Liberty, that the world hath ever seen.—At that solemn, all-important moment when the New Government was adopted, the genius of Freedom and Independence leaped for joy—It was then, and not before, that she saw the son of perma-

ment prosperity rise on her favored clime—the glooms of anarchy, confusion, and misrule which had brooded over the political horizon of the States were dissipated like a morning fog—a clear, a glorious day succeeded, which has continued to dawn upon us with increasing splendor. Under the auspices of a long, long succession of Patriotic Heroes, Sages, and Politicians, like those who at the present moment so wisely guide our public affairs, we trust that the blessings of our sacred Republican Government will be transmitted from generation to generation, till the angel of time shall say, IT IS DONE.
We hear that the PRESIDENT is expected in town on Monday next.—A circumstance which would crown the joy of the day.
During the late circuit of the Judges of the Supreme Court to the westward, we are told that the grand jury of the proper district, found bills of indictment against those persons who killed the Moravian Indians.
Accounts from the westward inform, that no Indians have been seen or heard of, on the frontiers of this state, for three or four weeks past.—That the continental troops rendezvoused at Pittsburg, have left that place, and proceeded down the Ohio, though their particular destination was not known.
The last accounts from Europe wear a warlike aspect. At Berlin all is bustle and business—courier after courier is dispatched to the courts of the allies—to the Prince of Brunswick, who it appears is to command the Prussian forces, seven messengers were sent in one day. The present King of Prussia has followed the examples of his predecessors, by keeping up a prodigious regular army. One advantage appears to have resulted from the system, and that is, the neighbouring states have kept themselves at respectful distance, and domestic peace has for a long time been a resident in his dominions. Frederic has the fine machinery of an army—but whether discipline has not rendered it less formidable than under the late King, a war with Russia, should one take place, will determine.
With respect to the King of Sweden, there is no determinate opinion how he will act in case of a rupture with the Empress. He is said to be like Mahomet's coffin—suspended in air.
The King of Denmark continues neuter.
The Kings of Spain, the Sicilies, Naples, and France, the same. So that the Empress, except peace should prevent it, will be attacked by the Porte, Prussia, England and Holland. How Leopold will conduct, is problematical.
We hear that one thousand shares in the Bank of the United States, by the latest accounts from that place, are already subscribed by the citizens of South-Carolina, principally by the merchants and others of Charleston. Between seven and eight thousand dollars, part of the specie deposit were lodged in the Bank of North-America, this week, by William Smith, Esq.
Extract of a letter from Lancaster, dated June 28, to a gentleman in this city.
“A most horrid and cruel murder was committed a few days since, on the body of a young German, in the neighbourhood of Lebanon, of the name of Crandorff; I saw the inquisition taken before justices Thorne and Clarke. It appeared that a fellow entered his room, struck him on the head with an ax, and then cut his throat, of which he instantly died.
“This was on the second story; the ruffian then descended to a room on the first floor, where his (the deceased's) two sisters lay; entered the room, no doubt, to murder them and rob the house; in this however he was disappointed, one of them made resistance; in the struggle the candle went out, and the ax fell out of his hand; the other sister escaped out of the window to alarm the neighbours, and in the mean time the villain fled, leaving behind him the ax, and two small cords, with which he first attempted to tie the young girls.—The man murdered was to be married the next Tuesday, to a very decent farmer's daughter.”
Monday last Capt. Beatty of the federal troops, marched from New-Brunswick with a company of near an hundred men, completely equipped; several companies of regulars are also on their march from Massachusetts. The force in the Western country will very shortly be more respectable than any heretofore sent to that quarter.
Arthur Erwin, Esq. late of Bucks County, in this State, while peaceably sitting with sundry others in the house of Dr. Macefee, in Luzerne County, was killed by being shot, by a person unknown. 700 dollars reward is offered for bringing the perpetrator to justice.
In the English papers, there is a royal proclamation, and a reward of 100 guineas offered for discovering and bringing to justice Richard Perry , of Bristol, charged with having feloniously and forcibly taken away, and compelling to undergo a form or ceremony of marriage in Scotland, Clementina Clarke , an infant of the age of fifteen years.
European politics have for some time past been involved in clouds and thick darkness. Great-Britain, not long since, incurred enormous expence to arm the nation—to negotiate —that negotiation it is said turned out favourably for them—but whether the advantages counterbalanced the cost, has never appeared. They are now arming again; some letter-manufacturers on this side of the water , say this is all king-craft to divert the people from revolution-making, and to prevent the contagion of the French fever—the ostensible object, however, is to preserve the balance of power by preventing Catharine from adding to her immense dominions the em-
pire of the Turks. Commercial douceurs have doubtless been tendered to the British government by the Porte, to induce this interference; there is every probability that they will interfere; whether successfully or not, is uncertain—the prospect is in favor of peace between the Belligerent powers without another campaign. There is, however, a very great opposition in England to a Russian war. Some of those ideas have been called up which would have operated against the Turks a century ago—but at this day, the only object with nations is to promote their immediate interest, at the sacrifice of every other consideration.
Our allies of France are pursuing the work of reformation—the Revolution is a great work; and tho' it has been long in hand, we ought to remember that its objects are immense. Nothing less than to regenerate twenty-five millions of souls!—and this regeneration has respect not only to turning this 25 millions from darkness to light, and to transform them from idolators of the Church , the Pope and the Grand Monarque , that they may become enemies to all three —but it also includes the idea of annihilating all fictitious merit, and titles of honor and nobility founded on such fallacious ideas—to which, by precept, education and habit, the people of France have for a series of ages been accustomed and attached—this regeneration also respects the mercantile character which the French nation is to assume and there is no doubt at all that this great transformation will take place—but then they will require time, except political regeneration is like ELECTRICITY —which indeed seems to be the case.
L A N C A S T E R, June 25.
Yesterday Captain Doyle marched from this place, to join the western army, having under his command a corps of as handsome sprightly young men as I ever beheld, which, by his own and officers activity were recruited at and near the city of Philadelphia, within a very few weeks past.
It would be un candid in the extreme, not to acknowledge the soldierly deportment of this officer, and his whole corps, while here and at the city of Philadelphia, which place he not long since left.
A CITIZEN.
P I T T S B U R G H, June 11.
To the account published in our last, of the skirmish between the party under the command of Lieut. Butkirk and the Indians, we are enabled to add, that a party of men went to the place the day after the battle, and got twelve wallets full of plunder, a rifle gun, and some other articles, which had been left by the Indians, and which was sold for Fifty-three pounds.
M A R Y L A N D.
B A L T I M O R E, July 5.
Captain Butler, who arrived at New-York on the 26th ult. from Newry, advises, that a fleet of 26 sail of the line, under the command of Lord Hood, was lying at Spithead, on the 1st of May, in complete readiness for sea, and only waiting the final orders of the British Government—that, on the 8th of May, there was, in Ireland, the hottest press, for seamen, ever known in that kingdom—and that, from appearance, a War would inevitably take place.
G E O R G E T O W N, July 2.
On Monday last, being the appointed day, The PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES arrived in this town; and on Wednesday put the finishing hand to the location of the Federal City. Misunderstandings had prevailed, after his departure in March last, on his Southern Tour, respecting the extent of the lines; and fears were entertained, that he might be thwarted in some part of his designs, and not be able to obtain a cession of country equal to the great national object in view!—But the moment he appeared, all difficulties vanished—The proprietors of the lands between this place and the Eastern-Branch, resigning all narrow considerations, cheerfully entered into the necessary business of making the proper conveyances; which being completed to the utmost wishes of the President, he then submitted to the inspection of the proprietors, and a large number of gentlemen attending, the plan of the city, which had for several weeks occupied the time and talents of Col. L'Enfant, assisted by the Baron de Graff, and which, with some small alterations, he had determined to adopt.
By this plan, and the President's explanations, it appears that the buildings for the Legislature are to be placed on Jenkins's Hill, on the land of Daniel Carroll, Esq.; of Duddington, about two miles from Rock-Creek, and about one and a quarter from the Eastern-Branch; and that the houses of the President, and for the great Departments of State, are to be situated on the rising ground adjoining Hamburg, within one mile of George-Town, and about one and a quarter from the houses of legislation—An arrangement which afforded the most general approbation, satisfying each interested individual, that his particular interest was as much consulted as a due attention to public conveniences and the public interest, which was the primary object, would any way warrant.
On Thursday the President, with his suite, set off from this town for the Seat of Government. He goes by the way of Frederick-Town, in this state, and through York and Lancaster, in Pennsylvania.
An advertisement in a late London paper begins thus:—Wanted, a MAN and his WIFE to LIVE TOGETHER!!!
V I R G I N I A.
R I C H M O N D, June 29.
On Sunday the 20th of March last, Captain Thomas Reynolds was killed by the savages, on his way from Slate-Creek Iron-Works to Morgan's Station in Kentucky. It may truly be said that the death of this young man is not only a loss to his relations and friends, but also to his country.
S H E P H E R D ' S - T O W N, July 11.
From the Westward we are informed, that General Scott, who some time since went on an expedition against the Indians with a body of 750 volunteers on horse-back, as has been frequently mentioned, has returned, having been so far successful as to destroy three of the Indian towns, and brought in 32 scalps and 60 prisoners, with the loss of only 5 of his men.
The following melancholy transaction took place on Tuesday last, a few miles from this town.—Mr. Abraham Vanhorne and Mr. John Crane being in company with a number of other persons in a harvest field, at Mr. David Campbell's, some dispute arising between them, a recourse to blows was immediately had, but the former proving too powerful for the latter, who, finding himself in a situation bordering on a defeat, drew from his pocket a knife, and in a most dastardly and barbarous manner thrust it into the body of Mr. Vanhorne, and wounded him in such a manner that he immediately fell!—he was then taken up and carried to Mr. Campbell's, where he lay in the most excruciating pain until Thursday morning, when he expired. Crane was secured, and has since been safely lodged in Martinsburg goal.—The Inquest which sat on the body, returned their verdict— willful murder .
In the Court of Sessions, at Charleston, S. C. William Allen Deas was tried for the murder of Alexander Inglis, Esq. in a duel, when the jury brought in their verdict not guilty .
THEATRE, SHEPHERD'S-TOWN.
Mr. M'GRATH's Company of Comedians.
Will perform here THREE NIGHTS and on Tuesday Evening, 12th July, will open the Theatre with the celebrated American Comedy, of—
The CONTRAST.
“Exult each Patriot heart! this night is freedom ,”
“A piece which we may fairly call our own .”
Between the Play and Farce,
A Moral Defence of the Stage, addressed to the United States , to be delivered by
Mr. Fitzgerald :
To which will be added, a MUSICAL Farce, called,
The Waterman;
O R,
WHO RULES THE ROAST!
The whole to conclude, with
“Bucks have at ye All” by Mr. Fitzgerald.
The Curtain to rise at 7 o'Clock, precisely .
Tickets, at three quarters of a dollar, each, to be had at Mr. Wynkoop's tavern.
No money taken at the door of admission; and no admittance behind the Scenes.
FLOREAT RESPUBLICA!
Notice is hereby given to the Public,
THAT the Managers of the Shepherd's-Town New-Church Lottery , are in hopes of being able to commence drawing on the second Tuesday in August next . Any who wish to become adventurers, and are not yet supplied with Tickets, will please to apply as speedily as possible to some of the Gentlemen who have been employed in the sale of the Tickets, or to Mr. JOSEPH M'MURRAN.
Shepherd's-Town, July 4, 1791.
STOLEN, on the 17th of May last, from Mount-Shy-Township, near Susquehannah, Pennsylvania, a large bay Mare, 15 or 16 hands high, well made, 8 or 9 years old, has no brand, a bunch of white hairs in the middle of her tail, trots and paces, and has been used to work in a waggon. Whoever takes up said Mare, and will deliver her at Vulgamot's mill, on Long-Marsh, Maryland, shall have Three Pounds reward, and necessary charges.
CHRISTIAN VULGAMOT.
July 4, 1791.
STRAYED from the Subscriber, living at Mr. JOHN SHIVELEY's Mills, about the 10th of June last, one large red and white milch Cow, with a crop off her left ear, and a half crop off her right ear; she likewise had a bell on.—Whoever takes up said Cow, so that I get her again, shall have TEN SHILLINGS reward, and reasonable charges paid, by
WILLIAM THOMSON.
July 9, 1791.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
[Inserted by desire.] ON SLAVE TRADE.]
I.
IT WAS in the glad morning of spring, Asleep at the dawn of the day, I dream'd what I cannot but sing, So pleasant it seem'd as I lay.
II.
I dream'd that on the ocean afloat, Far west from fair Albion I sail'd, Where the billows high lifted the boat, And the fresh blowing breezes ne'er fail'd.
III.
In the steerage a woman I saw, Such at least was the form that she wore, When beauty impress'd me with awe, Ne'er taught me by woman before.
IV.
She sat, and a shield by her side Shed light like the sun on the waves, And smiling, divinely she cry'd, I go to make freemen of slaves.
V.
Then raising her voice to a strain, The sweetest that ear ever heard, She sung of the slave's broken chain, Whenever her glory appear'd.
VI.
The clouds which had over us hung, Were dispers'd by her melody clear, And while she of liberty sung, It was liberty only to hear.
VII.
Thus sweetly dividing the flood, To a slave-cultur'd island we came, Where the demon her enemy stood, Oppression his terrible name.
VIII.
Soon as we approached the land, Where this grim-visag'd monster now stood, A scourge he let fall from his hand, With blood of his subjects imbru'd.
IX.
I saw him both sickened and die, And the moment the monster expir'd, Heard shouts which ascended the sky, From thousands with rapture inspir'd.
X.
Then walking how could I but muse, On what such a dream may betide, But soon my ear caught the glad news, Which serv'd my weak thoughts for a guide.
XI.
That Britannia renown'd o'er the waves, For thro' hatred she ever hath shewn, To the black scepter'd rulers of slaves, Resolves to have none of her own.
From the Hampshire Chronicle. TO THE PROMPTER.
SIR,
I HAVE waited a considerable time, hoping you or some of your correspondents would take notice of an evil, very common; but as none have touched upon it as yet, I beg leave to lay the matter before you, and with your opinion upon it. There are many farmers within the small circle of my acquaintance, who raise barely grain sufficient to bread their families from year to year; yea, these men will run to the merchant and retailer, and because they can be trusted until fall, and then pay in grain, they will take up twice as much gauze, cambric, lace, &c. and three times as much rum as they want. When fall comes (and it will come once a year) a great part of their grain must go to pay up the merchant's and retailer's bills; and by March or April they are rambling about to buy bread for their families, and very often go to tra-
ders they have dealt with, and must give 25, or 30 per cent. higher than what they sold for, and must pay the money too. Now, Mr. Prompter, I want to know whether these Men work it right; or whether, as Dr. Franklin says, they do not pay very dear for their whistle.
J. K.
To be S O L D, for no fault, For CASH, or on a very short Credit, A very valuable Negro MAN, Of middle age, and well acquainted with Plantation work.
June 22, 1791.
Apply to the Printer.
Fan-Making.
Thomas Morris,
Informs the Public in general, that he carries on the FAN-MAKING BUSINESS, in MARTINSBURG. Any who please to favour him with their custom, may be supplied on the shortest notice, the work done in the best manner, and on the most reasonable terms, by their humble servant, THOMAS MORRIS.
Martinsburg, June 21, 1791.
The subscriber takes this method of informing the Public, That he carries on a
Copper-smith and Tinman's Shop,
In MARTINSBURG, Where all the various branches of the above Businesses are performed, at the house where JACOB COONS formerly dwelt, below the Sign of the Rising Sun, where gentlemen may be furnished with any kind of Copper and Tin Ware, as Stills, Wath Kettles, Hatters' Kettles, Dye Kettles, Tea Kettles, Coffee Pots, Sauce Pans, and several other articles, too tedious to mention. The subscriber would thank his friends in particular, that would favour him with their custom.
JOHN ROHR.
N. B. The highest price is given for old Copper, Brass, Pewter, and Lead. Blue dying will be done in the best manner, on the most reasonable terms at the same place. Orders for any of the above articles left at the Printing-Office in Shepherd's Town, will be punctually complied with.
Martinsburg, June 22, 1791.
Wanted immediately, Three Journeymen TAYLORS,
To whom (provided they are good workmen) 3/6 3/4 Pennsylvania currency per piece, will be given, and found.
Apply to DENNIS DUFFIELD, near Charles-town, Berkeley County.
14 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber, about the middle of May, 1790, a black roan Mare, 4 years old, between 14 and 15 hands high, has a brand on the near shoulder, which appears like an S, but not plain, had a long switch tail, trots all, and had no shoes on when she went away. Also, strayed or stolen the latter end of July last, a small bay Mare, very old, about 12 hands high, has some grey hairs on her head, trots and paces. Whoever will give information to me, where either of the above Mares are, so that I recover them, shall have for the black roan Ten Dollars, and for the bay Mare Four Dollars reward.
MICHAEL DELAROCK.
Shepherd's-Town, June 21, 1791.
*** Cash given for clean Linen or Cotton Rags, at this Office. BLANK DEEDS, COMMON BONDS &c. for sale at this office.
LOST,
Some time last week, in or near this town, An old red-leather
Pocket-Book,
Containing a number of Papers, which are of no value to any person but the owner. Whoever has found the same, and will leave it with the Printer hereof, shall be rewarded therefor.
Shepherd's-Town, July 4, 1791.
WHEREAS the subscribers some time since, gave a bond to LAWRENCE MIRACLE, of North-Carolina, for one hundred pounds, Pennsylvania Currency, which bond has already become due, and payment been partly made, but no credit given, by reason of the holder of the bond living at a great distance: This, therefore, is to notify all persons not to take an assignment of the said bond, until the payment made thereon be credited.
RICHARD SERGEANT. ELIJAH SERGEANT.
Berkeley-County, Virginia, June 21, 1791.
WAR DEPARTMENT, MAY 30, 1791
INFORMATION is hereby given to all the military Invalids of the United States, that the sums to which they are entitled for six months of their annual pension from the 4th day of March, 1791, which will become due on the 4th day of September ensuing, will be paid on the said day by the Commissioners of the Loans within the States respectively, under the usual regulations, viz.
Every application for payment must be accompanied by the following vouchers.
1st. The certificate given by the state, specifying that the person possessing the same is in fact an invalid, and ascertaining the sum to which as such he is annually entitled.
2d. An affidavit, agreeably to the following form:
A. B came before me, one of the Justices of the county of _____ in the state of _____ and made oath that he is the same A. B. to whom the original certificate in his possession was given, of which the following is a copy (the certificate given by the state to be recited) That he served _____ (regiment, corps or vessel) at the time he was disabled, and that he was resident in the _____ and county of _____ and has resided there for the last _____ years previous to which he resided in _____
In case an invalid should apply for payment by an attorney, the said attorney, besides the certificate and oath before recited, must produce a special letter of attorney agreeably to the following form:
I, A. B. of _____ county of _____ state of _____ do hereby constitute and appoint C. D of _____ my lawful attorney, to receive in my behalf of _____ my pension for six months, as an invalid of the United States, from the fourth day of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, and ending the fourth day of September, of the same year.
Signed and sealed in the presence of
Witness.
Acknowledged before me,
Applications of executors and administrators must be accompanied with legal evidence of their respective offices, and also of the time the invalids died, whose pension they may claim.
By command of the President of the United States. H. KNOX, Secretary of War.
The Printers in the respective States are requested to publish the above in their newspapers, for the space of two months.
ALL Persons whom it may concern are hereby cautioned against purchasing from a certain CHARLES FRIEND, of West Augusta County, a certain tract or parcel of Land, lying in Berkeley County, consisting of 120 acres, part of which is in the possession of MARY FRIEND, which land was sold by said FRIEND to a certain PETER FLICK, of said Augusta County, as will appear by a bond of conveyance granted by said FRIEND to said FLICK, bearing date 11th May, 1776, and assigned by said FLICK to the Subscriber hereof, 23d August, 1784, and assigned by said Subscriber to Col. HENRY LEE, 28th November, 1788, as will appear more fully by said assignments in my hands.
F. HAMPTON, (Agent for Col. HENRY LEE.)
29th May, 1791.
WANTED,
A Young Woman to do the house work of a small family, and that has no objection to make use of the spinning-wheel, occasionally.
Apply to the Printer.