Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1809-11-22 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE AND PUBLICK LEDGER. SINT HIC ETIAM SUA PREMIA LAUDI.
VOL. VI.
WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 22, 1809.
NO. 57.
FOR CHARTER. The Ship ARISTIDES, Captain Williams.
Moses Myers & Son. Who have for Sale, 60 hhds. and 5 tierces choice Molasses...
FOR CHARTER. The Ship PLUTARCH, Captain George Bacon.
Moses Myers & Son. For Sale on board of said Ship, 8000 Bushels Coarse SALT.
For Charter, The Ship General Colbourn, Capt. Prince, burthen 243 tons.
For Sale or Charter, The new copper-tined Brig ERIN, E. Higgins, or J. Moran.
For Charter, The Brig SUMNER, Capt. Malcomb, Moses Myers & Son.
For Charter, The Ship United States, Capt. Porter, burthen 400 tons.
For Charter, The Brig CONCORD, J. Nason, master, burthen 300 bds.
For Charter, The Ship UNION, Capt. Shaw, burthen 235 tons.
For Charter, The fine Brig VENUS, W. Traetham, master, burthen 180 Tons.
WILLIAM PENNOCK, Respectedly informs his friends and the publick, that he has commenced the Auction and Commission Business.
The President and Directors of the MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY OF NORFOLK have this day adopted a Dividend of ONE DOLLAR AND TWENTY-FIVE CENTS on each Share of Stock...
NOTICE is hereby Given, That a PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly...
FALL GOODS.
Richard and John Taylor, Have received by the Ship Caledonia and Desdemona, from London, and United States from Liverpool, their FALL SUPPLY...
Woolen, Silk, Linen, and Cotton GOODS, Cutlery and Hardware.
Fall and Winter Goods.
The Subscriber having this summer visited the principal Manufacturing Towns in England and Scotland, where he collected an extensive assortment of DRY GOODS...
DRY GOODS.
Gentlemen's Superfine and Ladies' fashionable Velveteen Cloths; Cassimeres and coarse Woollens; Linens, Diapers and Sheetings; Cotton Goods in great variety; Hats, Hosiery, and Glass-ware; Hardware, Nails and Cutlery of every description.
George M'Intosh. Fall and Winter Goods.
WOOD & HASTINGS.
HAVE JUST RECEIVED 53 packages of Staple & Fancy Goods Comprising an extensive assortment, which will be sold at low prices for Cash, or approved paper.
Fresh Malaga FRUIT.
The CARGO of the Schooner Two Brothers, land in the Port of Norfolk, consisting of 150 Qr. Casks Rich Sweet Mountain WINE; 50 barrels SUN RAISINS, 25 kegs FIGS; 25 kegs soft-shelled ALMONDS, 250 boxes GRAPES; 50 do. OLIVES, 25 boxes VERMACELLA.
White Oak STAVES.
A BARGAIN. That Valuable Fire-Proof HOUSE, at the intersection of Commerce and Little Water Streets.
FOR SALE.
1000 SPANISH HIDES, Of superior quality. Apply to J. MORAN.
Hibbert's Brown Stout.
50 casks Hibbert's best bottled Brown STOUT, Received by the Ship Caledonia, from London, and for Sale by Robert Maitland.
State of North-Carolina, Superior Court, April Chancery County. Term, 1809. JAMES R. BENT, vs. ADON CURTIS.
NOTICE. I intend to petition the next General Assembly, to pass a special act, authorising the Overseers of the Poor, or Commissioners for that purpose, to be authorised, to sell the GLEBE LANDS, in the County of Mathews...
NOTICE. Luke Wheeler. Four Tracts in 640 acres each, on Ohey's river, a branch of Cumberland, navigable at this place, and where the usual price of Land of late has not been less than four dollars per acre.
Samuel Coleman, Opposite the Market, Westward, has received supply of fresh Newark SHOES, consisting of Ladies' KID SHOES, do. Cork Soled Morocco Shoes, do. thick bottomed do. do. do. Slips and Ties do. do. do. Velvet do.
Gentlemen's Fine Shoes, do. Morocco Pumps, Girls Morocco Slips and Ties, do. Leather do. do. do. Strong Shoes, do. Morocco Pumps, do. Lined and bound Leather Shoes, do. Strong do. do. Children's Morocco and Leather Bootees and Ties, Servant's very strong Leather Shoes.
Ladies' and Gentlemen's SHOES, made here, and a very large assortment of BOOTS made in his Factory, of the best materials and workmanship that Philadelphia and Norfolk would furnish; Boys BOOTS, &c. &c.
A few bales of COTTON—and Martin's Double Branded FLOUR. November 15.
40 quarter casks sherry WINE, 5 pipes fourth proof Cognac BRANDY. For Sale by Moses Myers & Son. October 18.
FOR SALE, The LOT in the town of Portsmouth, situated on North-Street, between the property of William Wilson Esq. and the late Robert Elliott's property on North-Street 47 1/2 feet, and extending back to Elizabeth River.
A small, but Valuable FARM for Sale, THE SUBSCRIBER owns a Farm of about 200 acres, in the County of York, which he is disposed to sell.
Merit M. Robinson. Smithfield, October 18.
Thirty Dollars Reward.
Deserted on the night of the 13th instant from on board the frigate United States, THOMAS GARGANO, Drummer, ALEXANDER DEMOLIN, and RAYMOND GOTIER, privates, belonging to the Marine Corps.
NOTICE.
A Petition will be presented to the next General Assembly of this Commonwealth, praying that an Act may be passed to allow the Danube Steam Canal Company to increase the rates of Toll on the Canal when finished.
THE SUBSCRIBER Is authorised to treat with any person disposed to purchase the whole or any part of the Following LANDS, Situated chiefly on Cumberland River, and derived from Military Titles, to wit:
Four Tracts in 640 acres each, on Ohey's river, a branch of Cumberland, navigable at this place, and where the usual price of Land of late has not been less than four dollars per acre. Two other Tracts, one of 1950 and another of 1300 acres; these are also on Cumberland river, laying in a neck between it and Ohey's river.
GEORGE MINTOSH, Has received by the Ship General Colbourn, from Liverpool, and the Norfolk from London, in addition to his former assortment.
Patent Silk HATS, Glazed Leather do. Superfine Blue and Black Cloths, and fashionable Cassimeres. A great variety of Fashionable and Fancy Waistcoatings, Scots and Venetian Carpeting by the piece or bale, Superfine Welsh Flannels and Plaids, London Glue and Turkey Oil Stones, Spikes, Nails and Tacks, Copperas and White Lead, Hardware in great variety, consisting of fashionable and plain Buttons, Fashionable Sets of Tea Trays, Plated Sets of Harness and Bridle Mountings, Worsted Webbing and Couch Lace, Plated Bridle and Chair Bits of every description, Plated patent and common Stirrup Irons, Patent Locks of all sorts, made on a new principle, so that they cannot be picked, nor opened with false keys, Metal Tea Kettles and Stew Pans, with almost every article in the Hardware and Cutlery Line.
Crates of EARTHENWARE, Small Sets Blue Table China, Assorted hogsheads of the best Liverpool Glassware, which will be disposed of on reasonable terms. November 8.
German Linens, Sacking, &c.
For Sale by the Subscriber, 3 Bales Hemp OZNABURGS, 3 do. Fax do. 5 do. Brown ROLLS, 3 do. HE STANS, 750 Sacks of best well-MSACKING, COFFEE, LOAF SUGAR, &c. James Thorburn. November 8.
THE SUBSCRIBER Has commenced business on Campbell's wharf, No. 6, where he has on hand and will constantly keep, a good supply of Articles in the GROCERY LINE, Which he will sell on moderate terms for Cash. Dennis Dawley.
WED WANTS, A Smart LAD of respectable connections to attend the Store. November 8.
ROBERT GREENHOW, MERCHANT, in Williamsburg, WILL SELL at a credit of 1, 2, 3, and 4 years, his most Desirable, Large, and Commodious DWELLING-HOUSE, In the centre of the City, on the Main-street thereof, whereon he at present resides.
Eight other TENEMENTS, All well situated for commercial or other purposes, on the Main-street, at a price which shall net the purchaser a certain annual return of eight per cent in rents, and which are scarcely over-tenanted. November 8.
To Parents and Nurses.
As Worms are the greatest enemy to Children, so the Oil of Worm Seed is found, from late experience, to be the greatest friend. It is easy to administer, a drop to every year, and requiring no particular restrictions, put up with printed directions, and warranted genuine by N. Gregory. November 8.
John & Wright Southgate, Have received by the Schooner Norfolk, from London, The following ARTICLES, Which will be sold low for Cash or short credit.
41 cases HATS, fine and coarse, 11 cases Superfine Cloths; 6 do. Opus virg, 2 do. Sacking, 15 do. Sail Cloth, English and East Coker, 3 do. T Shirts, Sets Jackets and Trowsers, 32 casks Copperas; 20 boxes Pipes, 75 do. Nails, from 4 to 7 inches, 29 do. Nails, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 20d, 1 tons best London White Lead, 100 casks London Brown Stout Port & c. and in Store, A general assortment of Dry Goods, 50,000 weight best Green Coffee, 10,000 do. St. Domingo do. 2,400 bushels Liverpool Stowed Salt, 100 sacks do.
Well Toned Grand and Square PIANO FORTES, With additional Keys. October 9.
Columbian Mills FLOUR.
THE SUBSCRIBERS Are, and will be regularly supplied with FLOUR From the above Mills, which will be found equal to any the manufactured in the United States. C. & F. Whiting. September 22.
CASH For Rough Hhd. and Bbl. STAVES, Of good quality, will be given by C. & F. Whiting. October 2.

It cannot be denied that the country is at this moment in the most critical situation, which it has been placed in since the commencement of the French revolution. It does seem that nothing but another instance of Providential interposition in our favour, can save our country from the horrors of war, and its consequent evils. We are brought to that point, from which it appears next to impossible to avoid a war with one of the great Belligerents. Under such an afflicting circumstance, it affords some consolation to know that we have not sought a war, but on the contrary have made no inconsiderable sacrifices to avoid it. There is no candid man, that can deny that the Belligerents have both furnished us with just causes for war, upon different occasions. With Great Britain we might have made arrangement, without becoming her ally in the war, but France will listen to no terms, unless we consent to become parties in the war. Although it has been repeated a thousand times, that Great Britain wishes to force us into a war with France, and that a party in this country have had the same views, the slightest observation or examination, of the subject, must satisfy every one, that there is no foundation in the charge. We cannot for our part discover any advantage, which Great Britain could derive from our co-operation in the war. Our commerce is indeed important to her, but that could be enjoyed in a state of peace better than if we were at war. The nature of the war, and the events which have occurred, make it impossible that Great Britain could derive any advantage from us, as an ally. France has no colony, except Guadalupe, which has probably fallen before this day, therefore we could do her no injury in her colonial relations. We have no troops, the navy of Great Britain, is an immense overmatch for those of her enemies; we are not in a situation to lend her money, we cannot therefore in any way be useful to her in the war. For our part we do not see what France could do more to injure us if we were at war, than what she now does. She excludes our ships and produce from France and Holland, captures or destroys our ships, wherever they can find them, imprisons our citizens, she seizes our vessels in the neutral ports of Hamburg, Leghorn, &c. in short, commits every act of hostility except the invasion of our territory, and that she has not the means of doing. That France should wish to see us at war with her rival, is evident, from the advantages she would derive. The exclusion of our commerce to England would be seriously felt by that nation. The supplies for her islands, and the anxiety for her colonies on this continent, would give her much embarrassment, and cause an augmentation in her already enormous expenses. These are among the positive embarrassments which Great Britain would experience if we were to take part in the war against her.
Thus we have endeavoured to offer a concise statement of the effect which our being parties in the war, would have on the two belligerents; in our next we will endeavour to see in what manner war would affect our own country.
By capt. Ferguson in 13 hours from Baltimore, we have received yesterday's papers of that city, but they furnish nothing new, political or commercial.
Peace, Commerce and Prosperity.
Has been the cry of the demagogues, while they have exhausted ingenuity and tortured invention to involve us in a war, with the only nation on the globe which has the power to injure us. Nor is this the least of our objections to these deceitful and imprudent men. In a moment of irritation, they have quarrelled about an irrelevant, petty and immaterial point of controversy, and without a moment's reflection, hurried away by headstrong passion, they have discussed the British minister, and perhaps cut off every retreat from a ruinous and unnecessary war. Yes, an unnecessary war! A war, which these very men, who have contrived to render it almost inevitable, have neglected to furnish the means of conducting, with the most distant prospect of success. Where is our army? Where our navy? In what condition are the fortifications in our sea-port towns? Shall we look to Wilkinson's army for protection? Shall we commit the safety of our cities to the defence of a handful of dismounted frigates, and half-crowned gun-boats? And who has placed our country in this defenceless and unprotected situation? The very men who have been striving for years to involve us in a war with the most formidable power of the earth, and at all hazards are resolved to gain their ends. Let them look to it. When our towns are battered about our ears, for want of the means of defending them, who will be found to adore and admire the wisdom, the prudence, the capacity of our rulers. Bravery is nothing without the means of fighting. No people have more fortitude and courage than the Americans. But what of that? When New-York or Norfolk are bombarded, shall they stand upon the naked beach, firing pun-guns at British seventy-fours and be proud down like corn stalks? they would do it rather than submit, but what would it avail? Would it not be cruel, savage, to expose brave men to be butchered in the field, for want of the means of defending themselves? But general Smith's brother H. B. Smith, the secretary, says we shall have our ships, if we will only let us have our hands on the armour.
[See Republican.]
From the Boston Federalist.
FRENCH PIRACY.
Extract of a letter from capt. John Nichol, late of the ship Henrietta, to his owner in this town, dated,
Portsmouth, Nov. 10, 1809.
"Dear sir—I am sorry to inform you, that I was captured by a French privateer on the 12th Oct. in lat. 48, 40, and long. 20 W. after being out 8 days from Liverpool for New York, full of goods. The ship Emma of this place, which left Liverpool the time I did, and was in company was also taken, but having on board only salt and crates, was ransomed for nine thousand dollars; and myself, two passengers and four of my crew, put on board her; the privateer ordering two of my men to remain on board the Henrietta, and taking on board the privateer my mate, cook and three seamen. I requested permission to be sent in with the ship; but they would neither permit me, nor my mate to return on board. Captain Bunker, of the ship Resolution, of New York, also came home with us; he had been captured three days before by the same privateer, and his ship destroyed, as she was from London in ballast, and not worth sending in. In fact, the captain of the privateer told us, that he should take or destroy all American vessels he met with coming from England."
The Portsmouth paper of Saturday last, announces the arrival of the Leona, with the particulars of the piratical seizure of the ship Henrietta. They state in addition to those mentioned in capt. Nichol's letter, that the privateer was called Le Decide, commanded by capt. Briollet, out ten days from Bordeaux, that they took the mate and two seamen from the Leona, to be held as hostages for the sum of nine thousand dollars, which captain Walker had agreed to pay for her release, by bills upon his owners in the United States; that the privateer attempted to sink the ship Resolution, but not succeeding set her on fire, Briollet declaring to captain Bunker, that orders had been lately received at all the ports, from the emperor, to take or destroy all vessels bound to or from any of the enemy's ports, agreeably to the strictest construction of the Milan decree. The following is capt. Briollet's receipt for the Henrietta:
"I the undersigned, captain of the privateer Le Decide, of Bordeaux, fitted out by M. Balgour, jun. certify, that I have captured this day, the ship Henrietta, of Boston, capt. John Nichol, in virtue of the laws of my government, finding the said ship in contravention of the imperial decree of the 17th Dec. 1807. Done at sea, on board the privateer Le Decide, 12th of Oct. 1809."
"BRIOLLET."
AMERICA & FRANCE.
The following information has been communicated to us by a gentleman, passenger in the Wasp.
Prov. Amer.
"Some time in the month of June, after the battle of Aspern, and before the battle of Wagram, a general rumour prevailed in France, that a prompt and amicable termination of the differences between that country and this would succeed the negotiations then pending. In fact, things had gone so far, that it was universally believed that the form of a treaty, or the outlines of the accommodation, had been transmitted to the emperor at Vienna, for his approbation. In consequence, colonial produce experienced a great depression, and so convinced was the public mind of the expected event, that scarcely a purchaser could be found for one article. The battle of Wagram reflected a different aspect to our affairs. A person was then sentry was then sent to gen. Armstrong, to require from him a guarantee on the part of the American government, that we should not suffer the British ships of war to board or visit our merchant vessels; and at the same time requesting gen. Armstrong to know if he had full power from his government to negotiate with France. Gen. Armstrong replied to the person who called on him in behalf of the emperor, that those questions did not require to be answered."
"All hopes of effecting any thing were then at an end; and general Armstrong made a motion of quitting France, by packing up his furniture, and his house was advertised to let."
"The general shortly after made a journey to Holland, accompanied by Mrs. Armstrong and a part of his family. When the emperor found that the prolonged negotiations with Austria was not likely to terminate in peace, and that hostilities were expected soon to succeed, gen. Armstrong had it officially intimated to him, that he had better not yet return to the United States, as there might still be an opening for accommodation. Whether this last circumstance would have sufficient weight with gen. Armstrong to require his longer stay in France is uncertain. He however frequently said, that he intended to return home in the spring, and expected a frigate from the United States for that purpose."
"No one, who reflects seriously on the transactions between gen. Armstrong and the French government, can have the least expectation of an accommodation. He will, however, be compelled to believe that it is the policy of the emperor to divert gen. Armstrong with hopes, until the issue of the present continental war shall be known. Almost every day gives birth to a new imperial decree, more or less affecting American commerce."
"The treatment of the common crews and property falling into their hands by capture or accident, too strongly proves what we are to expect from their pretended wishes for accommodation. Two instances will give a tolerable idea of what our government have a right to expect."
"The first is the case of a brig, belonging to Mr. Gray of Salem, of which a Mr. Pearson was supercargo. She was bound to St. Sebastians, but in a heavy blow from the westward, found herself to the eastward of that port, and no alternative was left but to make a port or to go on shore, she was boarded by a French boat from St. Jean de Luz, while going into this port. The batches were sealed up, and the papers sent to Paris."
"It appeared by the supercargo's consultation that he had not been boarded by any British vessel, nor had he had communication with any vessel, until his arrival at Jean de Luz. There did not appear to be any decree relating to this case, but it was supposed there would be one made to fit it as soon as convenient."
"The other case is that of the ship Arrow, Fletcher of Newburyport, which was bound to Sardinia. She was captured in the Mediterranean and conducted to France. It was not generally known
that she was captured, but it was known that she was in the port of Great Britain. Captain Fergus, the supercargo, acknowledged that he had but little hope of her restoration. The captain's protest is very circumstantial, and cites many, not of the unprecedented, but frequent instances of French depredation."
"Mr. Haswell, the bearer of despatches by the Wasp, left Paris with the return despatches before any advice of the reception of the outward despatches could have reached the emperor time enough to receive an answer."
From the N.Y. Commercial Advertiser.
A WISH UNDISGUISED.
There is no Jacobin paper in the Union, which publishes its wishes and opinions in so undisguised and bold a tone, as the Baltimore Whig. Witness the following extract from that paper of Monday last:
"THE SORT OF HEAD."
"Mr. Percival now at the head of the English ministry, is worthy of his station—rather deficient in ability, and wholly destitute of honour, he has been remarkable as the abject instrument of a corrupt court party. As we wish an end of the infernal government of England, we are glad to behold in capacity and wickedness leading it to swift destruction. Canning, Castlereagh & Co. will be appropriately succeeded by Percival, Wellesley and Donough, jun. On the Percivals an amusing and interesting notice is taken in Plymley's letters, on the subject of the Catholic question, written by Sheridan."
No doubt it is, in part, this wish that has prompted those editors, as well as others of the same stamp, in their attempts to rouse the people of this country into a war with Great Britain. To gratify their private wishes and their malignant passions, they would plunge the United States into a ruinous and exterminating contest. They would sacrifice every thing dear to us, our national interests, happiness and honour, for the malicious pleasure of aiding in the overthrow of a foreign government. Are these the sentiments of Americans? Are men who avow such sentiments, Americans by birth or by feelings? No, they are of foreign growth; and, what ought to be viewed as deeply alarming to all real Americans, they have brought with them passions and principles hostile to the constitution, the freedom and glory of our country.
But, it is not merely hatred to one foreign nation which prompts these unprincipled wretches to the part they are acting on our political theatre. Another, and perhaps the principle excitement, is an unbounded love for a military despot. Read the following from a late number of the Philadelphia Democratic Press.
"No longer can the most distant nations of the earth, look with indifference on the march of the Eagles of France; whether they will resist and be devoured, or cower under its wings for protection, is a question which they must all determine."
Such, fellow-citizens, is the language of men who are countenanced and supported by your bounty. While they talk loudly of national independence and national rights, they call on you to surrender both without a struggle. They counsel you to cower under the wings of French eagles for protection. Against the desires of such men, be ever on your guard. However they may disguise their feelings as regards this country, they are in fact hostile to your constitution and your independence. They are attached only to that cause which threatens to annihilate the last remnant of freedom, and to bind down the nations of the world in painful and perpetual servitude.
SWEDEN AND RUSSIA.
In announcing the treaty of peace recently formed between these nations, the London Courier of September 29th, concludes with the following pertinent remarks:
"Thus disastrously and disgracefully has terminated a war entered into upon the justest principles, and for the noblest purposes. Very different indeed would have been our feelings had not Sweden, in a great degree, merited her fate, by her treatment of the gallant Gustavus. Some consolation it may be to him that his authority has not survived the humiliation of his country; and indeed the revolutionists paid him no small compliment when they felt it necessary to dethrone him before they dared to lay their nation at the feet of Russia and France. Yet it is painful to contemplate the fate reserved, in this age of disorder, for loyalty and real heroism—"Gustavus fell," as an eloquent writer in the Ambigu says, "because he had an energy which placed him above his contemporaries; and which, instead of stimulating the nation over which he ruled, and the Sovereigns of the Continent to whom he set an example, fatigued the one, and chamed the other."
From the Freeman's Journal.
EUROPEAN ESSAYS.
CHARACTERS OF THE TWO CATOS.
Compared, by the Marquis D'Argenson.
I have read the lives of the two Catos with an intention of judging to which of them the expression, afterwards a proverb, He is as wise as Cato , was most applicable; and think Cato of Utica ought to be preferred to his grandfather. In order to form a better judgment, let us compare their actions, considering at the same time, their respective situations. The Censor was more austere, and lived at a time when it was less necessary to be so; consequently his austerity might be suspected of proceeding from a particular turn of mind. He gained at first, some reputation as an orator, but it was because he was very violent in his pleadings against the adverse parties; she wed an excessive zeal for virtue and the laws, and criticised severely, those who acted contrary to either. He was named Quæstor, in the army of Scipio Africanus: and disapproved of the most trifling recompense, which that general wished to make to his soldiers. Scipio very justly observed, he thought himself more responsible for the success of the great enterprizes with which he was charged, than the economy of the publick treasure: Cato fell into a passion, and abandoned both the quæstorship and the army. When he was Prætor, he was a judge on the most perfect integrity; but his severity was insupportable. Arrived at the honours of the consulship, he was sent into Spain where he soon found himself surrounded with enemies, which he owed, perhaps, to the stub-
bornness of the people, from which he took out two hundred talents, with which he corrupted part of the Spaniards, and opposing them to each other, conquered them all, razed the walls of their cities, and received in Rome, triumphal honours. After having been ten years consul, he solicited the censorship, which he obtained; and never was that place filled with more intrepidity and rigour as by Cato. He paid no respect to persons, senators, knights, or men of consular dignity: he drove from the senate those whom he found culpable, of whatever birth they were. He was exact, severe, incorruptible, inexorable and resolute: he made himself dreaded by those who infringed the laws; but he did not render the execution of them easy; he took no pains to make them esteemed, and never thought of rewarding those who conformed to what they prescribed. He declared war against luxury, not by publishing any sumptuary law, but by taxing the citizens according to their expenses; without paying the least attention to their real fortunes. At the end of his censorship a statute was erected to him, and received the sur-name of Censor, which he bore the remainder of his life; and preserved the inclination of censuring and criticising his countrymen. He made it a duty, and perhaps a pleasure, to accuse them in open senate: this was repaid him—he was accused in his turn—and it happened, that he was more than once condemned to pay a fine. He was already advanced in age, when the Athenians came to Rome, and made it the fashion to study the literature and philosophy of Greece. Cato disapproved of this study—he opposed its progress—and cried loudly, that it was a species of mental luxury, which would ruin the republick. He went into Africa, and lived at Carthage, between the second and third punick wars. He saw that this old rival of Rome was full of flourishing youth; that the country was populous, rich, and commercial—finally, that if Carthage was left too long in repose, it might again make Rome tremble, as it had Rome in the time of Hannibal. From that moment, he gave it in the senate as his opinion, that Carthage should be destroyed; and he was the cause of the third punick war, which was terminated by the entire destruction of that city. Cato died at the age of ninety, without having ever been ill, or had recourse to medicine.
Many things may be said against this austere censor of the vices and manners of his country:—he took up for his model Curius Dentatus, a Roman in the beginning of the republick; who was three times consul, received twice triumphal honours, but returned always after his victories to the plough, and lived humbly in his farm. It was this Curius, who receiving from certain ambassadors considerable offers of gold and silver, shewed them his kettles full of radishes and greens, saying, "Judge if a man who is contented with such a repast, has need of your riches."
Cato affected to lead a frugal life; but Curius, by living in this manner, only imitated his countrymen and contemporaries, Cincinnatus, Fabricius, Camillus, &c. instead of which, Cato made himself singular, and wished to be remarkable. We have some fragments of his writings; vanity, affectation of singularity, excessive economy, and even avarice, are manifested in them. He wrote upon a country life, and said, that nothing was so agreeable as augmenting our patrimony, and becoming rich; that slaves were the instruments of labor, of culture, of economy, and commerce; that they ought to be made use of to improve our fortune, and not to be considered but with this view. Plutarch, however indulgent he might be to those whose life he wrote, could not refrain from blaming this manner of thinking, which he looked upon to be inhuman and unjust.
It is remarked that Cato, who condemned so many vices during the course of his severe censorship, was favourable to those with which he was himself infected; such as usury, which it is asserted he practised in the most oppressive manner. When he was reproached with it, he answered that there was no law which forbade it expressly; but it did not become Cato to attach himself strictly to the letter of the law, and not to distinguish that which was just and fitting from what was not so? Cato the censor, was therefore, self-interested, avaricious, full of vanity, and perhaps jealous of the great and powerful personages, whom he persecuted openly. He was severe to his equals, and inhuman to his inferiors; finally, his virtue was austere and cruel; which as Montaigne says, with reason, is a trite and foolish ornament for philosophy . What are called his Distichs , are full of good sense and reason; but they are certainly not by Cato the censor; let us see if they do not better become his grandson, Cato of Utica, lived in times less happy than those of his grandfather; and although the age in which he lived had no particular defect, he criticised it, much more by being virtuous, that by declaiming furiously against vices. His wisdom was neither cynical, jealous, nor haughty. He sought not riches, but made use of those he had, in being generous and liberal on proper occasions; equally incapable of a blind friendship, and an inveterate hatred: he loved above all things, justice and the republick. He was, when very young, under the tyranny of Sylla; and it is said of him, that he asked of every body he met, a sword to plunge into the bosom of that oppressor of his country. Forty years afterwards he killed himself, rather than be obedient to Cæsar. He saw, especially in a republick, that dignities were not vain honours, but real charges; for the exercise of which, men were answerable to their country. He was at first Quæstor, as his grandfather had been, and he conducted himself in that office like an honest man, without being more difficult than was necessary, preferring the good application of money to rigid economy. A virtue which never ceases for an instant, cannot fail of being known; for which reason, he enjoyed the reputation he merited; but the republick was not very anxious to employ him a second time; his way of thinking, far from being agreeable to his fellow-citizens, inspired them with fear. He was himself little desirous of making a figure; but seeing the people ready to re-elect tribune an unknown citizen, and fearing the evils which might be the consequence, he presented himself with countenance, and was created. In fact he found himself in a situation to prevent, under the presence of the conspiracy of Cataline, the trial of Pompey and his army to Rome, who was at war with Mithridates, and who had not yet conquered that great enemy of the Romans. If this proposition had succeeded, on one hand, the great object of the As-

let our world have been that, for most of the time, the last century, and the first half of the present, have been overcome by Pompey, instead of being disturbed by Cato.
Cato deferred at least the ruin of his country. In preventing, for the moment, the return of Pompey with his troops to Rome. He was near being assassinated on this occasion by those of the opposite party, which included almost all the Roman citizens, few of them foreseeing the consequences. The coolness and steady resolution of Cato, at length opened their eyes, and they saved him from the hands of the other party. Pompey, informed of what had passed, returned to Rome, and found that Cato was a man whom it was absolutely necessary to manage; he sought his alliance, and asked his niece in marriage for his son; Cato refused him. I will not give, said he, an hostage to Pompey, against his country; when his party shall be the most just, it shall be mine. He kept his word, as long as Pompey, Caesar, and Crassus, were united for the purpose of tyrannizing over Rome; he was the enemy of them all; Pompey frequently got himself reproached for it; he always replied, that in his actions he never consulted either friendship or personal enmity, and that he had not, nor ever should have, any thing in view but the welfare of the republic. All parties perceiving, equally, that it was impossible to gain him to them, they agreed to exclude him from the consulship; and this man, fitter than any other to govern Rome, was never at the head of affairs. I do not know if this was a great evil to Rome; he would probably have retarded the ruin of the republic but for a very little time. However this may be, the name of the second Cato, to the shame of the consular calends, is not inscribed therein.
At length, the time which Cato the wise had foreseen, came to pass. The tyrants of Rome were reduced to two, Caesar and Pompey—the latter was conquered, and from that moment Cato took his part, or rather, as he says himself, he followed not Pompey, but attached himself to the remains of the republic. It was contrary to his advice that Pompey gave battle at Pharsalia. Cato could not wish for a combat which was at all events to give a master to Rome. However, the armies met, much against his will; Caesar conquered, and was from that moment the enemy of Cato. We know the latter retired to Utica, and seeing this last place of Africa obliged to submit, he put himself to death with a coolness and heroism, which has made his act of suicide the model of all those past, present, and to come.
What is principally to be considered in the death of Cato, is to know if he did well in quitting life. A Christian cannot debate upon such a point; but Pagan authors have thought that Cato ought to have preserved himself for the republic. For my part, entering into their place, I think it naturally that Cato or Utica took a good resolution. The liberty of his country was the object of all his desires and affections; which may, by some, be deemed a folly, for every person has one. He saw the liberty of Rome destroyed; in living a longer time, he would have seen that, which he looked upon as a public misfortune, aggravated. Caesar would have pardoned him, but he would have been under an obligation to Caesar; and it is less painful to a man of spirit to finish his existence, than to kiss the hand of the tyrant who permits him to live.
LEGISLATURE OF TENNESSEE.
An act more effectual to prevent Duelling. Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the general assembly of the state of Tennessee, That any person or persons, citizens of this state who shall be guilty of giving or receiving a challenge for the purpose of fighting a duel whether within or without the state, or shall be the friend of either party in bearing a challenge for that purpose, every such person or persons, shall forever after be incapable of holding any office or appointment in this government whether of honor or profit, and shall moreover be incapable of giving testimony in any court of record or serving as a juror.
Sec. 2. Be it enacted, That if any person or persons who may be hereafter challenged to fight a duel and may be unwilling or refuse to accept the same that then and in that case should the person or persons who is the author of said challenge or the bearer of the same proceed to charge the party being so unwilling or refusing to fight, with being coward, poltroon or any other words insinuating such sayings of any such person or persons or published in the newspaper, shall be held and deemed as slanderous on which an action may be supported against the speaker or publisher thereof; any law, usage or custom to the contrary notwithstanding.
Sec. 3. Be it enacted, That each and every justice of the peace and other civil officers in this state, are hereby enjoined, and it is expressly made their duty, to take cognizance of this act, and see the same enforced.
Sec. 4. Be it enacted, That all laws and parts of laws coming within the purview of this act, shall be, and the same are hereby repealed.
Sec. 5. Be it enacted, That this act shall be in force from and after the passing thereof.
A true copy from the engrossed act. Attest, A. M. NELSON, engrossing clerk. October 10th, 1809.
WASHINGTON CITY, November 17.
Agreeably to our promise we this day submit to our readers extracts from Vattel of considerable length, which merit a disproportionate attention, not merely because they vindicate the course pursued by our government, and indeed manifest its mildness, but because they define the existing character of Mr. Jackson, notwithstanding the necessary stop taken by the president, and shew especially that he still preserves all the inviolability attached by the law of nations to a public minister. Had the president even gone further than he has, and ordered him to leave the country, while he remained in it he would continue to enjoy all the immunities attached to his appointment. The inviolability of his person and the respect due to his office would be in no wise impaired. It requires no argument to shew that, in a case where the government has gone a much lesser length, the same inviolability and respect attach to him. Although the president has refused to receive any further communications from him, he is still a public minister and the representative of the British government in many important respects.
Our comparative acquaintance with the law of
nations will enable us to perceive the force of these truths at this time more important, lest the indignation likely to be excited by Mr. Jackson's conduct should prompt any of our citizens in the warmth of their feelings to offer an insult to him, or be wanting in those offices which his station entitles him to claim. Such an incident, independent of the just reproach to which it would expose our character, might have an unpropitious influence on the concerns of the two nations, as, at the very moment our government was urging to that of Britain a just complaint against her minister, she might have cause to complain of the conduct of our citizens, and the acts, although distinct, be but too likely to be blended together.
Should the feelings of any one tend to excite a disposition to treat Mr. Jackson indecorously, let him reflect on the punishment to which he would thereby inevitably expose himself, and to the deep injury he might, however unintentionally, inflict on his country, and we are persuaded he will feel it a sacred duty to abstain from all violence or indecorum, leaving to his government the management of an affair of so much delicacy and importance.
PHILADELPHIA, November 16. Latest from Portugal.
Yesterday arrived at this port, the brig Reindeer, Wade, 30 days from Lisbon. Capt. W. sailed the 15th October, 5 days previous to which Lord Wellington, arrived in that place and it was reported the French were within 70 miles, and the British about 40 miles distance. It was generally expected the English would not risk an engagement; but avoid it by embarking their troops on board several transports and men of war, lying in the roads for that purpose.
BOSTON, November 16. More French accommodation.
We yesterday received the following particulars from capt. William Hathaway, master of the Belvidere, which has arrived at New-Bedford from London. "On the 25th October, 1809, in lat. about 43, long. 46 1/2 W. 10 P. M. after a chase of 16 hours, the ship Belvidere of Boston, from London to New-Bedford, was taken possession of by a French schooner privateer, called the Lis, of Rochelle, Louis Flagelle, owner and supercargo. Besides a number of others, they fired two shots at the ship that went between the masts, a little above the hull, after we had hove too, and they within hail. They detained us until the 26th, when at 4 P. M. they dismissed us; in the mean time they robbed us of two barrels pork, half the beef we had on board, 1 barrel bread, half our potatoes, all our cheese, 4 casks of water, most of our porter, all our live stock, a quantity of new sail cloth, old canvas, sail twine, needles, 1 barrel of tar, the ship's cambouse, (leaving a poor one in exchange); the stern boat, oars, and tackle, the hanging compass and cabin compass, a kedge-anchor, top gallant-mast, carpenter's tools, and several small articles, such as hooks, thimbles, marline spikes, spun yarn, mats, points, cabins, &c. They took all the letters on board the privateer, opened them, and delivered them up again."
GENERAL ARMSTRONG.
On the subject of this gentleman's neglect of American prisoners in France, and the attacks which have been made by Duane and others, on those who have published their complaints, we have received the following communication.
BOSTON, November 16.
Having seen in the Chronicle of this day, an elaborate attempt to vindicate the character of general Armstrong, as it respects his treatment of his unfortunate countrymen (prisoners in France) this is to request the publick to suspend judgment, until I have time to finish a statement of facts, already in a great state of forwardness, which shall appear in a few days in the form of a pamphlet; when they will be able to render more Caesar what is Caesar's due. The publick will likewise observe that I gave my word of honour, while a fellow-sufferer with these unfortunates, that I would give a just and fair statement of whatever had fallen under my observation respecting them, as soon as possible, after my arrival in the United States.
S. CLUBB.
To the editor of the Repository. "A VICTIM TO NAPOLEON, Died, in Rochefort prison (France), Captain ANDREW TUCKER, of Marblehead, late master of ship William, of Newburyport, one of the vessels condemned in France, and her crew imprisoned, by our "good ally," Napoleon."
NEW YORK, Nov. 15.
By captain O'Connor, in 84 days from Lisbon, which port he left on the 9th October, we learn that the British and Spanish armies, under sir Arthur Wellesley (lord of Wellington) were at Badajoz; and the French at Talavera. Advices had reached Lisbon, that marshal Soult, with his division was marching towards the north, destined for Oporto.
We further learn, that the combined British, Spanish and Portuguese armies were plentifully supplied with provisions; and that 7 or 8 British ships of the line, and a vast number of transports, were in the Tagus. Markets at Lisbon for American produce very dull.
November 18.
A committee of the Rhode-Island Legislature made, at the late session, the following highly favorable statement respecting the banks in that state: The number of banks in the state is thirteen, viz: Providence, Rhode Island, Exchange, Bristol, Washington, Warren, Smithfield, Newport, Roger Williams, Rhode-Island Union, Rhode-Island Central, Narragansett, and Commercial:—They have only 434,349 dollars in bills in circulation. To meet these they have 410,314 dollars in specie in their vaults, besides bills of other banks. The deposits amount to 437,911 dollars.
The Legislature of Rhode-Island has chosen a committee to confer with one to be appointed in Massachusetts, to ascertain the boundary line between the two states on the northern part of the state.
It is said the United States' ship John Adams now in this port, will sail immediately for England, with dispatches for government.
Troubles for Buonaparte.
Captain Miller informs that on the 20th Sept. he was at Hamburg, about which time the king of Westphalia made a demand of the Hamburgers of a
sum of money which they refused. The consequence was, that the French troops marched into the city, and the poor Hamburgers were forced to comply.
It was reported at Tunbridge, when captain Miller sailed, that the Austrians had recommenced war against France. This confirms our former accounts.
The ship Augustine, Chever, has arrived at Salem in 58 days from Malta, Mr. Joseph Austin of Boston, a passenger to her, informs, that the Mediterranean is full of French privateers, which capture every American vessel they find, but, that most of them are recovered for their owners by the vigilance of the British cruisers. As many as sixteen French privateers had been recently sent into Malta by British cruisers. The Augustus did not stop at Gibraltar.
BALTIMORE, Nov. 16. LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
By the ship Philip, captain Williams, 36 days from Cowas, arrived this morning, we have received London papers to Oct. 7, and hasten to give the most important items.
It appears by the latest London paper we have seen (Courier) that every exertion is making by the French to recruit their armies.
The emperor of Austria in advertising to the prolongation of the armistice in his general orders, says, "his assent to the measure is to be attributed not to feebleness, but to his affection for his subjects, and his anxiety to avert from them the calamities of war," and again assures his subjects that no peace shall be concluded, but an honourable one.
The expectation of renewed hostilities continues. While the French conscripts, men and boys, are called out, and five feet boys induced to volunteer, Austria is using an equal exertion. A levy en masse throughout the Austrian dominions is expected.
The British ministry does not appear to have been favoured. The Courier, the ministerial paper under Mr. Canning, says, the plan of administration, tho' "not extended and combined (as the opposition expresses it) will still go on." "After a reign of half a century in the most arduous times, our venerable sovereign will not be abandoned by his people."
PARIS, Sept. 23.
According to a circular from H. E. the minister director general of the conscription, the mayors are authorised to receive enrollments for the grenadier sharpshooters and conscript grenadiers, must be five feet five inches; for the rangers sharpshooters, or conscript rangers five feet two inches!
The mayors may admit to enlist—1st, young men from 18th to 30, who have not fallen under the conscription—2d, individuals from 30 to 40, who have already served. Young men from 16 to 18, shall in like manner be permitted to serve, with consent of parents or guardians.
Notwithstanding these provisions, which evince that his majesty is desirous of facilitating to all his subjects the means of entering into his guards, he has decided that four young men from each department may be directly admitted by voluntary enrollment into his regiments of fusiliers. Two of them must be at least five feet five inches, and two of five feet three inches.
ANTWERP, Sept. 21.
Several movements have taken place among the troops. Gen. Kleu, commanding the cavalry, goes to Brussels. The grand park moved off in direction of Mechlen. Several regiments are quartered at Merse, on the road to Holland.
The army of Antwerp will be divided into three bodies. The Dutch troops on the right; left wing under the command of Senator Rampon; centre under Reille, one of the emperor's aid-de-camps.—Our garrison will be composed of 1000 dismounted dragoons, 1000 veterans and 1500 of the national guard. Gen. Vattelax has arrived here.
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED.
Sloop President, Ferguson, 18 hours from Baltimore. The brig Virginia, Small, of this port was at St. Domingo the 24th Oct. to sail for New-York in 2 weeks.
FOR CHARLESTON, The Sch't BROTHERS.
For passage only, apply on board at Willocks Wharf November 22.
FOR SALE, 34 hog-heads Richmond TOBACCO,
49 do. Petersburg do. Now in the Richmond and Petersburg Inspection Ware houses, which have been selected particularly for the English market. Wm. H. Thompson. November 22.
SALT for Sale.
7000 bush. Liverpool coarse & stoved SALT, and 8000 bushels Cadiz SALT, of superior quality. Apply to Robert Maitland. November 22.
Wanted to Purchase,
TURTLE SHELL and CATTLES' HORNS.
The Horns must be the largest size with the pelts on. Apply to Edward Grannis, No. 87, Main-Street November 20.
Amateurs, Painters, and Mechanicks.
For the first time in this place, at Mr. Ducaing's Ball Room, will be exhibited, till the 24th of November.
THE MICROSCOPE,
Consisting of Several pieces of Mechanism of extraordinary workmanship, in which, by means of Chalkwork, the various motions of men, animals, carriages, ships, &c. are correctly imitated to the surprise and astonishment of the spectator. Descriptions in the handbills. Hours of Admission from 9 o'clock in the morning till 5, and from 8 till 9 in the evening. Admission—Half a Dollar, Children, Half Price. November 10.
Sales at Rothery's Wharf.
On Friday next, the 24th instant, at XI o'Clock, Will be sold at Rothery's Wharf, The HULL of the Schooner SALLY, Capt. Street. Together with all her materials, part in this port in 72 tons from Charleston, bound to New-York, and sold by order of the said master for account of the owners, underwriters, and others concerned. Terms, CASH. William Pennock, V. M. November 22.
Postponed Sale.
On Monday next, the 27th instant, at XI o'Clock, A large Four Story Dwelling-House and Store, At the East corner of Commerce-street, nearly opposite the Collector's Office, will be sold. The house has fourteen well finished rooms, runs 31 feet on Commerce-street wharf, and 23 feet on Wide Water-street, and rents in good times for 1350 dollars per annum.
Also, will be Sold,
The West End of Rothery's Wharf; a lot of 36 feet more or less, with liberty of 10 feet wharfage besides, and running back on Rothery's lot 100 feet, with privilege of extending to the channel. Sale of the premises—Terms, approved paper at 6, 9, and 12 months. T. Blanchard. Nov. 22.
FOR FREIGHT or Charter,
The Schooner SIBAE, Capt. Star, burthen 800 barrels.
AND FOR BOSTON,
The Sch'r Two Brothers, Capt. Clement—will take freight. Moses Myers & Son. Who have for Sale, 15 pipes best Holland GIN. November 17.
NEW GOODS.
Wood & Hastings,
Have just received via Baltimore, an additional supply of Staple and Fancy Goods,
Among which are COTTONS.
3 Trunks Fancy Calicoes, 2 do. Shirting Cottons, part very fine, 2 do. Cambric Muslins, 1 case Dimities, Cambric do. Fancy Muslins, 1 do. Ginghams, Genoa, Constitution and Madras Cords, 1 do. Madras Handkerchiefs, 1 do. Cotton Balls (white and coloured) 1 do. Superior Quiltings, &c. &c.
SILKS and FANCY.
Elegant Rich Lace Handkerchiefs, worked with gold, &c. Silk Shawls, great variety of Lustings, Black Florence Silks, Black Florentine, Elegant Silk Hosiery, Madison do. Silk Gloves, Lace Sleeves, and Adains, Sewing Silks assorted, &c. &c.
LINENS.
1 case 4-4 Irish Linens, part very fine, 1 do. brown do. 1 do. Irish Sheetings, 1 do. Long Lawns, 1 do. White Rolls, 3 bales German Linens, Linen Cambricks, Threads, &c. &c.
WOOLLENS.
4 bales superfine, middling, and common Broad Cloths, London superfine Dress Casimere, Coatings, Buckskins, Baizes, Plaits, Kendal Cottons, Point Blankets, Rose Blankets, Scarlet, Red, and White Flannels, do. do. Drab and Green Frieze Flannels, do. do. Black Bombazets, Wildbores, Hosiery, &c. India Cottons, large assortment. November 10.
In Council, November 8, 1809.
The Governor laid before the Board, Letters Patent under the hand of the President and Seal of the United States, recognizing MOSES MYERS, Esq. an honorary Vice Consul of his Danish Majesty to the State of Virginia, to reside at the port of Norfolk. Whereupon it is advised that the same be published for the information of the Citizens of this Commonwealth. Extract from the Journal, Daniel L. Walton, Clerk of the Council.
NOTICE.
All persons having claims against the Estate of Pieter Greming, deceased, are desired to render them in for settlement to the subscribers, on or before the first day of next month. Niemeyer & Von Kapff. 12d Dec. November 17.
LANDING
On Commerce-Street Wharf, the CARGO of the Schooner Antelope, from Honduras, 40,000 feet MAHOGANY, 50-0 weight Sara-stilla, 400 do. Guacamole Indigo. In Store, 90,000 weight best Green COFFEE, 20,000 do. 2d and 3d quality. A quantity of Hides, Cordage, Scouring Twine, Honey in Jars, Fustick, Pork, Lard, Navy Beans, Crackers, and Sugar. For Sale by John Granbery. Who has for Rent, A Ware-House on Commerce-Street, And a Dwelling-House on Boush-Street. November 10.
French Language.
John Francis Le Tellier, Respectfully informs those Gentlemen who wish to learn the FRENCH LANGUAGE, that he will give lessons at their houses, or at his own, as they may appoint. Apply at No. 34, Chestnut-Street. November 8.
All persons are cautioned against taking the account of a BOND given by JOHN ROBBINS to JOHN BOULDEN, for money due on a Bond given by the said John Robbins to the said John Boulden. Gloucester County, Nov. 8, 1809.