Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1805-10-02 00:00:00

THIS PAPER IS PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A WEEK PRICE TO SUBSCRIBERS FIVE DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE—SINGLE PAPER TWELVE AND ONE HALF CENTS—ADVERTISEMENTS ARE INSERTED AT THE RATE OF FIFTY CENTS FOR THE FIRST, AND TWENTY FIVE CENTS PER SQUARE FOR EACH SUCCEEDING INSERTION.
FOR CHARTER, The good American, fast sailing ship EDWIN, Thomas, Master:— Burthen 370 hogheads—will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days. Apply to Moses Myers. September 30. tf 177
FOR SALE, FREIGHT OR CHARTER, THE FINE NEW SCHOONER HAPPY COUPLE, Burthen 130 tons. For terms apply to Wm. Johnston. Sept. 27. 51* 175
FOR FREIGHT, OR CHARTER, The fine, new Schooner FAME, William Warnam, Master:— Burthen about 700 barrels.—For terms, apply to the Captain on board, or Daniel R. Waddey & Co.
WHO HAVE FOR SALE, 50 Hogsheads TOBACCO. 20 Puncheons 3rd proof ANTIGUA RUM. 30 do. W. I. do. 12000 lbs. Prime GREEN COFFEE. 25 Hogsheads Choice MOLASSES. 4000 Bushels Cadiz SALT. 40 Sacks Liverpool do. 20 Boxes MOULD CANDLES—5 to the pound. 10 Chests fresh Imperial, Hyson, Young Hyson, and Hyson Skin TEAS. And a few Barrels fresh Alexandria FLOUR, fit for family use. September 18. 8 158
FOR CHARTER, The good Ship FREDONIA, Andrew Malcolm, Master:— Burthen 207 tons—will be ready for the reception of a cargo in a few days. For terms, apply to Moses Myers. September 15. tf 149
FOR BOURDEAUX, The Ship SHEFFIELD, Joshua Cowper, Master:— Will take eighty hogheads tobacco, or other goods equivalent, on freight, the remainder of her cargo being engaged. Three passengers can be accommodated. Apply to the Master.
WHO HAS FOR SALE, A FEW CASES OF LIQUEURS, Of superior quality, at prime cost. September 6. tf 132
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The American Ship INDIA PACKET, William Rindge, Master, Burthen 400 hlds. Tobacco. Apply to the master on board, or to Phinehas Dana, & Co.
Who have received per said ship from St. Lucar, 139 quarter casks SHERRY WINE, for sale on moderate terms. August 9. tf 56
FOR SALE, The British built Brig JANE, Burthen 136 tons per Register—copper and sails uncommonly fast. The inventor to be seen at our counting house—a liberal credit will be given.—Also, 38 Hogsheads, 28 Tierces, 56 Barrels, PRIME ANTIGUA SUGARS. Landing this day, from on board the said Brig. C. & F. Whittle. August 23. tf 90
FOR A FRENCH PORT IN THE CHANNEL, The good Brig JOHN, Captain WOOLPER:— Burthen about 180 tons—can be ready to take a cargo in a few days, and will receive a few hogheads of tobacco on a moderate freight. For terms, apply to John Newell, jun. September 9. tf 139
CADIZ SALT, For Sale on board the Jesse, Captain Ferris, from Cadiz, lying at my wharf, Gosport, which will be sold low, if taken from along side. Apply on board, or to William Pennock.
Who offers said Brig for Charter; she carries 260 hogheads tobacco—will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days.
ALSO—FOR CHARTER, The Copper bottomed Ship THOMAS, Burthen three hundred hogheads tobacco, and now ready to receive a cargo. August 2. tf 38
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, (To a Port in France,) The fine new Ship, SUSAN, Captain LORING:— Burthen 330 hogheads tobacco. Will be ready for the reception of a cargo in ten days. For terms, apply to Captain Loring, or Donaldson, Thorburn & Co.
WHO HAVE THE CARGO OF SAID SHIP FOR SALE, CONSISTING OF ABOUT 5,500 Bushels LISBON SALT. And some choice Old WINE, in quarter casks. September 6. tf 133
FOR NANTZ, The good, fast sailing Ship BRUTUS, Captain PENDERGAST. Burthen 370 hlds. or thereabouts—a vessel well calculated to carry tobacco to France. For freight or passage, having excellent accommodations, apply to the Master on board, lying at Mr. Blaw's wharf, Portsmouth, or Thomas Payson & Co. At Mr. Fisk's Store. August 14. tf 74
LITERARY SELECTIONS.
FROM THE UNITED STATES' GAZETTE.
PREFACE TO LEO THE TENTH.
(Concluded.)
Nor have I, in the course of my inquiries wholly omitted the opportunities which even this country affords, of collecting information from unpublished documents respecting the times in question. Among the Cottonian Manuscripts in the British Museum, are contained many original letters from the Roman court and the English ambassadors resident there, to Henry VIII. and his ministers explanatory of the political transactions of the age. I had not an opportunity of examining these papers, until my work was considerably advanced; but by the kind assistance of my highly respected friend John Walker, Esq. of Bedford Square, and by the obliging attention of Mr. Planta, principal librarian of the Museum, I have been enabled to inform myself of such documents as were more particularly applicable to my purpose, some of which the reader will find referred to in the course of the work.
With respect to the execution of the following work, I cannot but be well aware, that many circumstances and characters will be found represented in a light somewhat different from that in which they have generally been viewed, and that I may probably be accused having suffered myself to be induced by the force of prejudice, or the affection of novelty, to remove what have hitherto been considered as the land marks of history. To imputations of this kind, I feel the most perfect indifference. Truth alone has been my guide, and whenever she has steadily diffused her light, I have endeavoured to delineate the objects in their real form and colour. History is the record of the experience of mankind, in their most important concerns. If it be impossible for human sagacity to estimate the consequences of a falsehood in private life, it is impossible to estimate the consequences of a false, or partial representation of the events of former times. The conduct of the present is regulated by the experience of the past. The circumstances which have led the way to the prosperity or destruction of states, will lead the way to the prosperity or destruction of states, in all future ages. If those in high authority be better informed than others, it is from this source that their information must be drawn; and to pollute, is therefore to poison the only channel through which we can derive that knowledge, which, if it can be obtained pure and unadulterated, cannot fail in time to purify the intellect, expand the powers, and improve the condition of the human race.
As in speaking of the natural world, there are some persons who are disposed to attribute its creation to chance, so in speaking of the moral world, there are some who are inclined to refer the events and fluctuations in human affairs to accident, and are satisfied with accounting for them from the common course of things, or the spirit of the times. But as chance and accident, if they have any meaning whatever, can only mean the operation of causes not hitherto fully investigated, or distinctly understood, so the spirit of the times is only another phrase and for causes circumstances which have not hitherto been sufficiently expanded. It is the province of the historian to trace and to discover these causes, and it is only in proportion as he accomplishes this object, that his labours are of any utility. An assent to the former opinion may indeed gratify our indolence, but it is only from the latter method that we can expect to acquire true knowledge, or to be able to apply to future conduct the information derived from past events.
There is one peculiarity in the following work, which it is probable may be considered as a radical defect. I allude to the frequent introduction of quotations and passages from the poets of the times, occasionally interspersed through the narrative or inserted in the notes. To some it may appear that the seriousness of this history is thus impertinently broken in upon, whilst others may suppose that not only its gravity, but its authenticity is impeached by these citations, and may be inclined to consider this work as one of those productions, in which truth and fiction are blended together, for the purpose, of amusing and misleading the reader. To such imputations I plead not guilty. That I have at times introduced quotations from the works of the poets, in proof of historical facts, I confess; nor, when they proceed from contemporary authority, do I perceive that their being in verse invalidates their credit. In this light, I have frequently cited the Decennale of Machiavelle, and the Vergier d'honneur of Andre de la Vige, which are in fact little more than versified annals of the events of the times; but in general, I have not adduced such extracts as evidences of facts, but for a purpose wholly different. To those who are pleased in tracing the emotions and passions of the human mind in all ages, nothing can be more gratifying than to be informed of the mode of thinking of the publick at large at interesting periods, and in important situations. Whilst war and desolation stalk over a country, or whilst a nation is struggling for its liberties or its existence, the opinions of men
of genius, ability, and learning, who have been agitated with all the hopes and fears, to which such events have given rise, and have frequently acted a personal and important part in them, are the best and most instructive comment. By such means, we seem to become contemporaries with those whose history we peruse, and to acquire an intimate knowledge, not only of the facts themselves, but of the judgment formed upon such facts by those who were most deeply interested in them. Nor is it a slight advantage in a work which professes to treat on the literature of the times, that the publick events, and the works of the eminent scholars and writers of that period, thus become a mutual comment, and serve on many occasions to explain and to illustrate each other.
The practice which I have heretofore adopted of designating the scholars of Italy by their national appellations, has given rise to some animadversions. In answer to which I beg to remark, that whoever is conversant with history, must frequently have observed the difficulties which arise from the wanton alterations, in the names of both persons and places by authors of different countries, and particularly by the French, who, without hesitation, accommodate every thing to the genius of their own language. Hence the names of all the eminent men of Greece, of Rome, or of Italy, are melted down, and appear again in such a form as would not in all probability have been recognized by their proper owners; Dionysius is Denys, Titus Livius Tite Live, Horatius Horace, Petrarca Petrarque, and Pico di Mirandola Pic de Mirandole. As the literature which this country derived from Italy was first obtained through the medium of the French, our early authors followed them in this respect, and thereby sanctioned those innovations which the nature of our own language did not require. It is still more to be regretted that we are not uniform even in our abuse. The name of Horace is familiar to the English reader, but if he were told of the three Horaces, he would probably be at a loss to discover the persons meant, the authors of our country having commonly given them the appellation of the Horatii. In the instance of such names as are familiar to our early literature, we adopt with the French the abbreviated appellation; but in latter times we usually employ proper national distinctions, and instead Ariosto, or Metastase, we write, without hesitation, Ariosto, or Metastasio. This inconsistency is more sensibly felt when the abbreviated appellation of one scholar is contrasted with the national distinction of another, as when a letter is addressed by Petrarch to Coluccio Salutati, or by Politian to Ermalao Babaro, or Baccio Ugolini. For the sake of uniformity, is surely desirable that every writer should conform as much as possible to some general rule, which can only be found by a reference of every proper name to the standard of its proper country. This method would not only avoid the incongruities before mentioned, but would be productive of positive advantage, as it would in general point out the nation of the person spoken of without the necessity of future indication. Thus, in mentioning one of the monarchs of France, who makes a conspicuous figure in the ensuing pages, I have not denominated him Ludovico XII. with the Italians, nor Lewis XII. with the English, but Louis XII. the name which he himself recognised. And thus I have also restored to a celebrated Scottish general, in the service of the same monarch, his proper title of d'Aubigny, instead of that Obigni, usually given him by the historians of Italy.
I cannot deliver this work to the publick without a most painful conviction, that notwithstanding my utmost endeavours, and the most sedulous attention which it has been in my power to bestow upon it many defects will still be discoverable, not only from the omission of much important information, which may not have occurred to my inquiries, but from an erroneous or imperfect use of such as I may have had the good fortune to obtain. Yet I trust, that when the extent of the work, and the great variety of subjects which it comprehends are considered, the candid and judicious will make due allowance for those inaccuracies against which no vigilance can at all times effectually guard. With this publication I finally relinquish all intention of prosecuting, with a view to the publick, my researches into the history and literature of Italy. That I have devoted to its completion a considerable portion of time and of labour will sufficiently appear from the perusal of the following pages, and it may therefore be presumed that I cannot be indifferent to its success. But whatever inducements I may have found in the hope of conciliating the indulgence, or the favour of the publick, I must finally be permitted to avow, that motives of a different, and perhaps of a more laudable nature, have occasionally concurred to induce me to persevere in the present undertaking. Among these, is an earnest desire to exhibit to the present times an illustrious period of society; to recall the publick attention to those standards of excellence to which Europe has been indebted for no inconsiderable portion of her subsequent improvement; to unfold the ever active of moral causes on the acquirements and the happiness of a people; and to raise a barrier, so far
as such efforts can avail, against the torrent of a corrupt and vitiated taste, which if not continually opposed, may once more overwhelm the cultivated nations of Europe in barbarism and degradation. To these great and desirable aims, I could wish to add others, yet more exalted and commendable; to demonstrate the fatal consequences of an ill directed ambition, and to deduce, from the unperverted pages of history, those maxims of true humanity, sound wisdom, and political fidelity, which have been too much neglected in all ages, but which are the only solid foundations of the repose, the dignity, and the happiness of mankind.
FOR SALE—BY THE SUBSCRIBER, At his BAKEHOUSES on Town Point and Commerce Street, 200 Barrels Superfine PILOT BREAD, from fresh Flour. 200 do. NAVY do. 100 do. SHIP do. All of which will be sold, on reasonable credits, or exchanged for West India produce.
Wanted at the above Business, SIX BOYS—AS APPRENTICES, Who will meet with good encouragement. S. Harris. September 30. tf 178
8000 Bushels Liverpool SALT—a-float, either loose or in sacks, as may best suit purchasers. For Sale, by William Knox. September 30. 3 179
FOR SALE, 15 Barrels 1st. Quality, } MUCOVADO SUGAR. 30 do. 2d. do. 6 Puncheons W. I. RUM. 4 do. N. E. do. 10 Barrels do. do. 20 do. APPLE BRANDY. 45 Pieces RUSSIA SHEETINGS. Apply to Francis Smith. September 30. 3 180
FOR SALE, A PARCEL of Jamaica COFFEE in Bags, Barrels and Tierces, lately landed and of good quality. Also—SUGAR in hlds. Tierces and Barrels. MADEIRA WINE, Fit for present use, and on accommodating terms. Apply to Robert Dickson. September 27. 2w 176
130 Tierces and Half Tierces Prime RICE. Just landing, and for Sale by Moses Myers. September 27. 172
LANDING At the Subscriber's Wharf, from on board the Ship Ann, 200 Gross BOTTLES. 35 Boxes WINDOW GLASS. 3000 Bushels COALS. For sale by A. Maclure. September 4. tf 122
REMOVAL. JAMES TUCKER, Has removed to No. 1, Holt's Lane, near Main-Street, WHERE HE OFFERS FOR SALE, ON REASONABLE TERMS, HIS STOCK IN TRADE, CONSISTING OF A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF HARDWARE, NAILS, &c. May 8. tf 659
NOW LANDING ON NEWTON'S WHARF, From on board the Brig Brothers, Capt. Dunn, from Jamaica, 124 Hogsheads, } PRIME JAMAICA SUGARS. 11 Barrels, For sale by William Pennock. August 2. tf 37
FALL AND WINTER GOODS, Just received from Liverpool, per Ship Fredonia, by Richard Taylor. September 16. 1M 146
JOHN & WRIGHT SOUTHGATE, Have received per Ship Fredonia, Captain Malcolm, from Liverpool, A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF Coarse Woolens, Cloths & Cassimeres, Which they offer for Sale, on the lowest terms. THEY HAVE FOR HIRE, TWO PAIR OF GOOD JACK SCREWS. September 16. 2M 147
FOR SALE, On board the Ship PETER, lying at my Wharf, 1239 Sacks Liverpool filled SALT. 22 Crates EARTHENWARE. A quantity of Stone Jugs, Bottles, and Butter Pots. A. Maclure. September 16. tf 148
HIBBERT'S PORTER AND BROWN STOUT Just received per the Ship Planter, from London, A QUANTITY OF Hibbert's best bottled Porter & Brown Stout. Apply to ROBERT MAITLAND & CO. August 28. Gw 103
LANDS FOR SALE. 950 acres lying near Dragon Bridge, in King and Queen county. This tract will be disposed of altogether, or divided into lots of 2 or 300 acres to suit purchasers. Also—400 acres in the county of Gloucester, near the mouth of York River, in the neighbourhood of Mr. William Jones, and Mr. Thomas Fan, and distant about eight or nine miles from the court house. Also—1100 acres in Middlesex county, lying on the Pianketank River, which affords the greatest abundance of Fish, Crabs, and Oysters, of superior quality. On this tract (generally called Barn Elms) there is a commodious dwelling house, with all the necessary out-houses, for the convenience of a large family. As it is presumed that no person will be disposed to purchase without first seeing the lands, it is deemed unnecessary here to give a description of them, or the terms on which they will be sold. The subscriber may be consulted on the business any time after the tenth of October next, at Barn Elms, and will attend on the premises on the first of November, to meet any person disposed to purchase. Carter B. Berkeley. August 1aw6w 21

WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 2, 1805.
We this day conclude the author's preface of the Life of the Pontificate of Leo the Tenth, from which a judgment of the nature and object of the work may be formed. The reputation of the author as an Historian, and the criticisms which we have seen upon this work induce us to form high expectations of its merit.
The author has chosen an historical epocha of the highest importance, and interesting to every reader of taste and curiosity. The publick has long wanted such a history as our author promises, and which will form a very proper introduction to Robertson's history of Charles V. The subjects on which the work will treat have been already explained in the preface. The Editor of the Ledger without any prospect or hope of advantage to himself, but the pleasure which he has in promoting every laudable undertaking in his country, will receive subscriptions for this work until the last of this month, when they will be forwarded to the publisher in Philadelphia; for terms see Advertisement in the third page of this day's paper.
Our readers will remember how very severe the London Critics were upon JUDGE MARSHALL in his Life of Washington, for blending biography and history, which these critics contended were incompatible. The first number of the preface published in the Ledger of the 25th inst. contains an elegant and just defence of the method adopted by Judge Marshall, the author says,
"Respecting the propriety of this union of individual biography with general history, I am well aware, that doubts have been entertained by persons of considerable eminence in literature. That there are certain limits between the province of the historian, and that of the biographer, may readily be admitted; yet, as these branches of study are equally conversant with the individuals of our own species, it will unavoidably happen, that each of them will at times encroach upon the precincts of the other. In perusing the pages of Livy or of Tacitus, of Hume, or of Gibbon, we find no parts which interest us more than the private and personal memorials of those great and illustrious men, who have acted a conspicuous part in the publick events of his age; whilst, on the other hand, it would be impossible to form a correct idea of the character of an individual, without considering him in those relations, by which he stands connected with the general transactions of the times in which he lived, and which in truth have not only displayed, but in some measure formed his character. That these mutual concessions may admit of abuse, cannot be doubted; yet, if the great objects of pleasure and utility be obtained, that criticism would perhaps be too rigid, which would narrowly restrict so advantageous an interchange. In tracing the history of the people thro' any considerable portion of time, the attention is weakened, and the feelings are blunted, by the rapid succession of events and characters, in which we might have been more deeply interested. If our information respecting them had been more minute. The history of mankind may be compared to the surface of the earth, which is composed of wild woods and trackless deserts, interspersed, however, with cultivated spots, and peculiar appearances of nature. The traveller passes heedlessly over the unadorned prospect, and dwells only on such parts as for their beauty, sublimity, or singularity, he deems most worthy of his regard."
DIED—Last evening, Mr. WILLIAM KRAFTS a Lieutenant in the Navy of the Batavian Republic.
POLITICAL ESSAYS
ON THE ESSENTIAL AND DISTINCTIVE QUALITIES OF DEMOCRACIES AND REPUBLICS, WITH REFERENCE TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
From the Baltimore Republican or Anti-Democrat.
ESSAY XX.
"Is the Constitution of the United States a Democracy?—Examine it thoroughly."—"We have examined it thoroughly, and we find it to be, in every sense of the word, a Democracy."
AURORA, August 25, 1805.
IT IS NOW TO BE SHOWN, IV.—THAT THE HIGHEST ANTIENT AUTHORITIES PROVE THE POSITION THAT REPUBLICS HAVE A TENDENCY TO DEGENERATE INTO DEMOCRACIES.
Aristotle observes, it is an easy matter to establish a Democracy, but the difficulty lies in rendering it permanent (111). Plato, says that excessive liberty is not likely to change into any thing else but excessive slavery. Tyranny, therefore, this celebrated man continues, more naturally results from democracy than from any other form of government; the highest liberty being converted into the completest and cruellest slavery (112). Polybius, observes that, as rust is the inbred bane of iron, and worms of wood, even though they should escape injuries from external violence, they will at last fall a prey to the evils that are, as it were, congenial with them; in the same manner, every simple form of government breeds within itself some certain vice, which is attached by nature to its very form, and which soon causes its destruction: Thus Royalty degenerates into Tyranny, Aristocracy into Oligarchy, and Democracy into Savage violence. And Doctor Franklin, that when a people get a Republic it is with difficulty they can keep it.
This difficulty, in all the different trials heretofore made, has never yet been surmounted. The ancient democracies, without an exception, after undergoing the countless evils flowing from that "complex tyrant", the multitude, have sunk into the most terrible despotisms, or disappeared in the tyranny of an individual. The uniform and invariable course of Democracies, in all ages of the world, has been from bad to worse.
The Italian Republics, as they are called, of the middle age, those faint and rude resemblances of the governments of Greece, what scenes, what tumultuary transactions, what sanguinary revolutions do they not exhibit, for near a century preceding what is termed the extinction of their liberty (113). "These republics were all of them exposed to almost daily revolutions, and seldom did the system of administration continue a whole year the same." (114)
(111) Arist. Pol. L. B. viii.
(112) Pl. de Rep. b. ix.
(113) Machiavelli. G. i. i. Note. Malcolte, &c.
(114) Datta's Revolutions.
Do we wish to recall to our minds, the arts by which Republics and Democracies have been destroyed?—Let us turn our eyes for a few moments on France.
Here Demagogues, those pests of Republics, thought they could never too much strengthen the popular party, or to use too great diligence in destroying every thing that bore the least trace of royalty or aristocracy. Ancient distinctions were done away. Ancient associations, civil or sacred, were abolished. Strangers from all nations, all kinds of materials however impure and corrupt, were converted into citizens, and considered as proper means to the attainment of their object. New tribes were created: and every expedient employed that had a tendency to stamp the people with one uniform character. Conformably to the nature and principles of democracies and tyrannies, unbridled licence was allowed to women, boys, and slaves. Fundamental laws were superceded by the caprice of occasional decrees. And, as often as some ambitious project required, the people were taught to disregard the authority of precedent, and to trample under foot every law of the constitution. The multitude, thus flattered, listened with delight to those who seemed to have nothing at heart but to promote their interest, or gratify their pleasure; and accepted the invitation to take the publick concerns into their own hands, and "manage their own affairs in their own way"; so that every established magistracy, and every regular function of political power, became enfeebled, suspended or utterly abolished. (115)
This epitome of the arts practised in Revolutionary France, is a faithful transcript, from the most accredited ancient authors, of the arts by which the demagogues of old revolutionized the most celebrated popular governments of antiquity. Will the fate of those ancient fabricks, will the fate of the Italian governments of the middle age, will the fate of the late constitutions of France, all destroyed by the same arts, afford no useful lesson to the people of the United States?
The fate of the Revolutionary governments of France is determined. They have been seen by some with pleasure and admiration, but by most men with dread horror, as they passed rapidly through the grades of Democracy, murders, assassinations, proscriptions, and banishments, to their final issue.
Let us now carry our reflections from France to Attica, and view the renowned Athenian government, in its rise and in its fall, in its glory and in its degradation. Let us, therefore, consider it, first, as it came out of the hands of Solon, and, secondly, as changed by the arts of ambitious demagogues.
"In the constitution established by Solon, his admirers observe that, the jarring interests of hostile orders are skillfully harmonized into one equitable system, justly formed and accurately balanced by the oligarchy of the Areopagus, which is perpetual; the aristocracy of the Archons, who are elective; and the democracy of the Courts of Judicature, whose members are appointed indiscriminately from all the citizens by lot." (116)
Solon divided the people into four classes, regulated by a census of property. The first class consisted of those whose revenues amounted to five hundred medimni of liquid or dry commodities (117); the second of those who had a rent of three hundred; the third those of two hundred medimni; and the fourth class consisted of all those whose revenue was of less amount, and who supported themselves by menial arts and labour.
The inhabitants of Attica were of three descriptions. The first consisted of the freemen or citizens; the second of sojourners or residents, who were permitted to dwell in the city and follow their business or respective employments; the third of servants and slaves. The servants, which formed the most numerous part of the inhabitants, were of two sorts; first, those who through poverty were obliged to serve for wages, being otherwise free born citizens; second the slaves. The citizens or freemen amounted to about 20,000; the sojourners or residents to about 10,000; and the servants and slaves to about 400,000.
To the first, or the citizens, were entrusted, exclusively, the whole powers of government. Citizens were those who had both, or one, of their parents an Athenian; they were divided into four tribes, each of which was subdivided into three parts, and each of these again into thirty families. Naturalized Citizens were excluded from exercising the functions of the higher orders of Priesthood, which were appropriated to certain noble families, and also from holding the office of Archon; the legislator intending thereby to entrust the religion, and the management of publick affairs, solely to native citizens.
The principal powers of government were vested in the Areopagus, nine Archons, a Senate of four hundred, an Assembly, consisting of all the citizens, and certain executive officers and magistrates.
By Solon's constitution, to the Areopagus were committed the inspection and custody of the laws, and the disposal and management of the publick funds; to them also it belonged to appoint tutors and governors to the youth of the city, and to see that they were educated suitably to their several qualities. Their power also extended to all persons of all ages and sexes, to the punishment of such as lived disorderly, or were guilty of immorality or impiety, and to reward such as were evident for a virtuous course of life. They was also a court of justice for high crimes and misdemeanors against the state and individuals.
This venerable assembly, as has been observed, was perpetual, though its number does not appear to have been fixed. It was composed of such of the nobility as were eminent for their virtue and riches, and those Archons who had well and faithfully discharged their trust, and whose conduct and behaviour had been approved of, after a most severe and rigorous scrutiny.
The Archons, who were nine in number, were elected annually, by lot, out of those of the first class of freemen whose ancestors had been citizens of Athens for three generations. They were all vested with the power of punishing malefactors with death, and had a joint commission for appointing certain officers, by lot, out of every tribe, of inquiring into the behaviour and management of other magistrates, and of deposing such as the people declared, by their suffrages, to be unworthy of bearing the office which had been committed to them. Besides these powers, which were common to them all, the Chief Archon held a court, whose jurisdiction reached both to ecclesiastical and civil affairs, and all matters respecting orphans, wills, dowries, &c.—the second had cognizance of all impieties, profanations, and disputes, which happened among the priests, and the sacred families, in whom certain offices in the celebration of divine worship were hereditary. It was also his duty to receive accusations of murder, and refer them to the Areopagus. The third had under his care all the strangers and sojourners in Athens, and exercised the same authority over them which the Archons exercised over the citizens. The remaining six took the suffrages in the assembly, received complaints against persons guilty of various crimes, had cognizance of all causes of dispute between citizens and strangers, sojourners, or slaves, and controversies respecting trade or merchandise, recorded contracts, and prosecuted those persons who should endeavour to seduce the people to give their consent to things contrary to the interests of the commonwealth.
Of the other magistrates and ministerial officers some were chosen by suffrage and some by lot, by the senate, assemblies, and tribes, out of the first, second, or third class, as the case might be, or according to the dignity or importance of the office; the fourth or last class were incapacitated from holding places of publick trust.
Amongst other, of the means employed to degrade the federal administrations, there was not any one employed with more industry and success, than the charge of favouring Great Britain, and of submitting to indignities and injuries, subversive of the rights of an independent nation. That nothing was less true, the evidence of facts proved; the delusion was kept up, though it was obvious that Great Britain was the only nation against whom we had complaints, that made compensation for the injuries of which we complained. The following correspondence will furnish testimony of the manly and dignified manner in which Mr. King our minister in London at the time, resisted the principle, which the high court of appeals in prize cases, has recently adopted.
It remains to see what will be done by the present administration, at this time we cannot view this conduct without feeling astonishment and indignation.—After having solemnly stated to our minister in 1801, what should be considered as a continuity of the voyage; now, and without notice, to condemn property, under circumstances, which the government, had declared should be respected, is so repugnant to the justice and honour of the nation, that if such satisfactory evidence was not before us we should doubt the correctness of the information.
Some have carried their ideas of the decision further than it goes, and supposed that we should not export any produce of the colony of an enemy; but that is not the case, the late decision states that we shall not export goods imported from a colony of an enemy in the same vessel. In principle however we see no difference, and the same right to restrict us in the one instance, may be exercised in another whenever caprice or policy may dictate the measure.—We are indebted to the Political Register for the following correspondence.
From Mr. King, to Lord Hawkesbury.
Great Cumberland Place,
March 13, 1801.
My Lord,
The decree of the vice-admiralty court of Nassau, a copy of which is annexed, condemning the cargo of an American vessel, going from the United States to a port in the Spanish colonies, upon the ground that the articles of innocent merchandise, composing the same, though bona fide neutral property, were of the growth of Spain, having been sanctioned, and the prize courts of the British islands, and particularly by the court of Jamaica, has been deemed sufficient authority to the commanders of the ships of war and privateers cruising in those seas, to fall upon and capture all American vessels bound to an enemy's colony, and having on board any article of the growth or manufacture of a nation at war with G. Britain.
These captures which are vindicated by what is termed the belligerent's right to distress his enemy, by interrupting the supplies which his habits or convenience may require, have produced the strongest and most serious complaints among the American merchants, who have seen with indignation, a reason assigned for the capture and confiscation of their property, which is totally disregarded in the open trade carried on between the British and Spanish colonies by British and Spanish subjects, in the very article, the supply of which, by neutral merchants is unjustly interrupted.
The law of nations acknowledged in the treaty of amity, commerce and navigation, between the United States and Great Britain, allows the goods of an enemy, to be lawful prize, and pronounces those of a friend to be free.
While the United States take no measures to abridge the rights of Great Britain, as a belligerent, they are bound to resist with firmness, every attempt to extend them, at the expense of the equally incontestible rights of nations, which find their interest and duty in living in peace with the rest of the world.
So long as the ancient law of nations is observed, which protects the innocent merchandise of neutrals, while it abandons to the belligerent the goods of his enemy, a plain rule exists, and may be appealed to, to decide the rights of peace and war.—The belligerent has no better authority to curtail the rights of the neutral than the neutral has to do the like in regard to the rights of the belligerent; and it is only by an adherence to the ancient code, and the rejection of modern glosses, that fixed and precise rules, can be found defining the rights, and regulating the duties of independent states.
This subject is of such importance, and the essential interests of the United States, whose policy is that of peace, are so deeply affected by the doctrines which during the present war, have been set up in order to enlarge the rights of belligerents, at the expense of those of neutrals, that I shall without loss of time, submit to your lordship's consideration such further reflections respecting the same, as its great importance appears to demand.
In the mean time, as the decisions referred to cannot, from the unavoidable delay which attends the prosecution of appeals, be speedily reversed, and as the effect of those decrees, will continue to be an unjust and ruinous interception of the American commerce in the West India seas, it is my duty to require that precise instructions shall, without delay, be despatched to the proper officers in the West Indies and Nova Scotia to correct the abuses which have arisen out of those illegal decrees, and put an end to the depredations which are wasting the lawful commerce of a peaceable and friendly nation. With great consideration and respect, I have the honour to be your lordship's most obedient and most humble servant,
(Signed) RUFUS KING.
Lord Hawkesbury. Downing-Street, April 11, 1801.
Sir,
I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 13th of last month, and to inform you that in consequence of the representation contained in it, a letter has been written by his majesty's command, by his grace the Duke of Portland, to the lords commissioners of the admiralty; a copy of which letter I herewith enclose to you for the information of the government of the United States.
I have the honour to be, With great truth, sir, Your most obedient servant, (Signed) HAWKESBURY. Rufus King, &c.
Whitehall, 30th March 1801.
My Lords, I transmit to your lordships herewith, a copy of
the decree of the vice-admiralty court of Nassau, condemning the cargo of an American vessel, going from the United States, to a port in the Spanish colonies; and the said decree having been referred to the consideration of the king's advocate general, your lordships will perceive from his report, an extract from which I enclose, that it is his opinion that the sentence of the vice-admiralty is erroneous and is founded in a misapplication of the principles laid down in the decision of the high court of admiralty referred to without attending to the limitations therein contained.
In order therefore to put a stop to the inconveniences arising from these erroneous sentences of the vice admiralty courts, I have the honour to signify to your lordships the king's pleasure, that a communication of the doctrine laid down in the said report should be immediately made by your lordships to the several judges presiding in them, setting forth what is held to be the law upon the subject by the superior tribunals, for their future guidance and direction.
I am, &c.
PORTLAND.
To the lord's commissioners of the admiralty.
Extract of the advocate general's reports, dated March 16, 1801.
"I have the honour to report, that the sentence of the vice admiralty court appears to me erroneous, and to be founded in a misapplication of the principles laid down in the decision of the court of admiralty referred to, without attending to the limitations therein contained.
The general principle respecting the colonial trade has, in the course of the present war, been to a certain degree relaxed in consideration of the present state of commerce. It is now distinctly understood, and it has been repeatedly so decided by the high court of appeals, that the produce of the colonies of the enemy may be imported by a neutral into his own country, and may be re-exported from thence, even to the mother country of such colony; and in like manner the produce and manufactures of the mother country may, in this circuitous mode, legally find their way to the colonies. The direct trade however, between the mother country and its colonies, has not I apprehend been recognised as legal, either by his majesty's government or by his tribunal.
What is a direct trade, or what amounts to an intermediate importation in the neutral country, may sometimes be a question of some difficulty—a general definition of either applicable to all cases cannot be well laid down. The question must depend upon the particular circumstances of each case; perhaps the mere touching in the neutral country, to take fresh clearances, may properly be considered as a fraudulent evasion, and is in effect the direct trade; but the high court of admiralty has expressly decided (and I see no reason to expect that the court of appeals will vary the rules) that landing the goods and paying the duties in the neutral country, breaks the continuity of the voyage, and is such an importation as legalizes the trade, although the goods be re-shipped in the same vessel, and on account of the same neutral proprietors, and forwarded for sale to the mother country."
A true copy from the files of the department of state.
(Signed)
JACOB WAGNER, Chief Clerk.
Salem, Sept. 15.—Arrived, the sch'r Prince, captain B. Shillaber, from Leghford and Gibraltar.—Capt. S. had the misfortune to suffer from that system of tyranny which the British seem now to have adopted towards the commerce of this country, and which we see no measures taken by our government to repress. On the 10th inst. in lat. 42, 56, lon. 65, was boarded by a boat from his Britannick Majesty's sch'r Whiting, of 10 guns, commanded by Lieut. Oney. The officer, on boarding called his people abaft, to examine their protections and after he had done, impressed Peter Brant, one of his seamen, a subject of Sweden* and having also a regular clearance from a British man of war; and then called his cook, Quee Godshall, of Salem, who was a bounden servant, and whose indentures were shown to him; but the officer pretended they were of no validity, because they were wholly in writing, and not filled up on a printed blank. These two persons, notwithstanding all captain S. could say, were taken from him. He then went on board the schooner, and asked the commander whether he meant to keep his men; to which he answered, yes. He asked whether he had not seen the cook's indentures. He replied, that he had seen a piece of paper: but that he should take every person he found without a regular protection, whether they were bound as apprentices, and had indentures, or not. The officer also told him, they should impress all the fishermen they fell in with, who were without protections, and that they had taken a number out of fishing vessels.—This is conduct, which our government, if they had a proper regard for the rights of our sea-faring citizens, would no longer endure.
* This man certainly had as good a right on board an American vessel as any other, and they could not take him on the absurd plea of his being a British subject.
Having observed the above article, we were induced to copy it with a view of offering some remarks upon this subject, and of stating some facts that we are enabled to do, not upon information, but from our own knowledge.
The principle which is laid down by the British commanders, is at once the most absurd, and overbearing that can be imagined. It is insisted on, by them, that they have a right to take every man out of an American ship, which is not furnished with a protection, as an American citizen. We do not know that our government has admitted this principle, or that it is informed of the practice, but such is the principle insisted upon by the British commanders, and acted upon to our knowledge. It lately happened that the Editor of this paper had to contend this point; being in a British colony, a man was impressed from a vessel under his direction, the man was a Dane and had never been in the United States, having been shipped abroad. A few days after a black man was impressed from another American vessel. Application being made for their release, upon the ground that they were not British subjects, the officers replied that they were not American citizens. The facts were admitted on both sides, but it was unequivocally insisted, that although the orders of the British government were positive, and at their peril, commanded the officers, not to take a man furnished with an American protection, yet that they did not prevent them from taking those who had no protections, of whatever nation they were.
Upon this subject there can only be one opinion if the subject is dispassionately examined. The United States is a nation whose commerce is so extensive, and extending, that the service of foreign seamen is important. We do not say that at a time when Britain requires her seamen, and on whose services at
(115) Demost.—Arist. Pol. particularly B. vi. and viii.
(116) Arist. Pol. B. ii. C. x.
(117) Five drachmas (3. 3d. English money) was the ordinary price of a medimnus of grain. The medimnus was about four bushels 1 1/2 inches English measure.—COGUET de l'origine des Lois, &c.

this moment her safety depends, that she is to be precluded from taking them, when they are recognized and fairly ascertained. Upon the subject of impressment we offer no opinion, if Britain takes that mode of manning her navy, we cannot see what right we have to censure it, so long as it is confined to her own subjects; it is not our intention to decline against a practice which has been so long in use in that country, as to have grown into a law. But when the practice is carried so far as to affect our own country, then indeed silence would be criminal. It cannot be supposed that the British government would insist upon a principle so monstrous, as that they have a right to impress the subjects of any nation but their own, and surely our government will not submit to a pretension which, besides the injustice in itself, has the effect of producing a direct injury to our commerce, and of preventing emigration to our country. In justice to the officers with whom we had to contend, we must say that although they maintained their point, their deportment was polite, they appeared to consider that they were in the exercise of a right important to their country.
Ed. Ledger.
FROM THE VIRGINIA GAZETTE.
COMMUNICATION.
MR. PRINTER,
As I chanced to pick up the Enquirer of the 17th inst. I found a laboured essay against the Norfolk Ledger, which, it would seem, had contained some strictures upon Mr. R's defence of Mr. J. and one particular defiance or challenge offered—(I suppose to all the world)—I shall take the liberty, as one of the people , to notice. Mr. Ritchie says, "Let the Editor of the Ledger mention a single witness to our cause, whose evidence on any day is not as worthy of notice as his own." Now, Sir, I would ask, not only what day, but at what hour of the day, it was, that one of the friendly witnesses alluded to, in which he so ably teaches us the every particular step, movement, and countenance of his hero when at Westham engaged in the removing the military stores? These minute points seem to me important; for if the rare feats of that day , be not forgotten, we were highly tickled with a disaster that befel one of these valiant witnesses in the very precipitate flight thro' a cross lane, leading from Westham into the woods, whose protecting covert was ardently courted as soon as he could recover himself from a fall, occasioned either by the sympathetic springs of his horse, or the incumbrance of a musket and bayonet, the use of which, neither himself nor his illustrious patron on any day , perhaps, contemplated! Now, Sir, I say, and I believe most people will agree with me, that the dreadful occasion which furnished an anecdote so ludicrous, of a witness , might have been the very one to try the great man's soul ! and if so, it would be idle indeed to believe that, a competent witness! And moreover, in an affair of such extreme delicacy as a man's official (for I deem that preferable to private) character, we should be indulged with every "minutiae!" Nay more, (as Mr. Martin would say) we have a right to demand a "fine simile" representation of Mr. J. from the 3d January, 1781, to the time of his resignation, and not merely on the fifth of that month! I have little more to add, Mr. Printer, at present. 'Tis true I have seen four numbers of the "defence," and find Mr. Jefferson so much "belittled" by his friends, that I disdain to meddle with him. Nevertheless, it may be proper, that I may touch up some other witness or witnesses—for little do they remember that I was an eye witness in these times; and whilst major Dick, W. C. N. and captain Quirk was being on the enemy from Four Mile Creek to Rockets' Ropewalk, old Stienben, who was spying the approach and entry of the enemy into Richmond, knew as little of Mr. Jefferson as I did!—Let col. T. * brush up his memory, and remember who commanded after the action of Petersburg, and what troops retreated before the enemy, (as the fact was) with now and then a shot by widets from Osborne's to Amphitrit Mills;† for, of that corps, was my majesty.
One of the PEOPLE!
* Query—Was col. T. ever in the ranks, or in a command as high even, as that of a platoon? † Or was he employed in the less dangerous office of an express?
ALBANY, September 20.
COMMUNICATION.
WILLIAM EATON,
THE IVTH OR MODERN AFRICANUS.
This American General, who lately led the army from Egypt through the deserts of Africa, against Tripoli, is about 44 years of age, of middling stature and dark complexion. He is by nature and by education, a soldier: Has a countenance bold and undaunted; a constitution robust and confirmed by exercises and fatigues, and courage of that determined and invincible kind, which, even amongst Americans, or republicans of any age or clime, would be esteemed extraordinary. He was born at Ashford in Connecticut—in 1776, at the age of 15, he enrolled his name among the soldiers of freedom, and served during the revolution under the famous Captain Dana, (now a brigadier-general in the county of Schenectady, in the state of New-York) and under this brave and experienced veteran, General Eaton learned the use of valour and the art of war. At the dawn of peace, he applied himself to study, to pursue and explore those grand objects which the force and fertility of his untutored genius presented imperfectly to his cager view, and which he knew could not be comprehended, attained or enjoyed, but with the aid of education. The lucubrations of seven years,ations of seven years, acquired Mr. Eaton the diploma of Bachelor of Arts, at Dartmouth College, in New-Hampshire, in 1790. Our scholar now put off the gown, and returned to the camp with a Commission of Captain. He fought under St. Clair, at the battle of Miami, and proved his accomplishments and courage worthy of distinction. Captain Eaton was sent by President Washington, as Consul to Tunis, on the coast of Barbary, in Africa, where, during their menacing attitudes and insolent pretensions in 1801, the Consul supported the dignity and interest of the American nation, and held, amidst a despotic court, a language not heard on those degenerated shores since the fall of Cato and the Roman Republick.* When a rupture with Tripoli was inevitable, the Consul suggested a co-operation with Sadi Hamen Caramanli, the late Bashaw of Tripoli, who had been dethroned and expelled by his brother, the present Bashaw. He negotiated to this effect with the Ex-Bashaw, and returned to the United States, where, after having matured his plan, and effected his arrangements, with the sanction of government and the benedictions of his country, he departed in July, 1804, from Washington, in the American squadron destined to humble Tripoli and liberate our fellow citizens, holden there in slavery, or to enforce the ancient Roman threat, "Delenda est Carthago."—He landed at Alexandria, in Egypt in December last, and collecting a small army with
*The dialogue between the Consul, the Bey of Tripoli, and his Prime Minister, on the 26th June, 1801.
the assistance of the Ex-Bashaw, then there, accompanied by a few volunteer American officers, led his little band along the coast of the Mediterranean sea, through the desert of Barca—and astonished Africa, after a repose of twelve centuries, from the time of Belisarius, again beheld a conqueror come to reap her laurels and subdue here power upon those fields where the Scipios and Roman legions, against Hannibal and the Carthagenean bands, contended for the empire of the world. Let Africa beware! America has her legions and her Scipios—but she, no Hannibal, no bands.
There are some anecdotes related of the General, which discover the loftiness of his mind after various circumstances.
Soon after his appointment to a captaincy in the U. S. army, he paid his addresses to an amiable young widow, (his present wife) who, though admiring the candour of the soldier and the merits of man, could not grant her hand, but upon conditions of his leaving the army. Placed thus in the alternative of affection or of fame, that gallant young officer without hesitation which to prefer, to the tender proposition nobly replied "Madam I love you much, but I love glory more!" and with a low bow retired to the camp. The Scithian, in his very retreat, had launched an effectual arrow; and when our young hero rallied and in due time returned to the charge, the lady surrendered unconditionally.
In June, 1801, a magazine of the Bashaw of Tripoli took fire, and consumed 50,000 stands of arms, to replace which the insolent pirate demanded tribute of arms from other nations, whom he styled his friends. He observed that he had apportioned them among his friends, and required the United States to furnish him with 10,000 stands, and requested consul Eaton to state his demand to the United States. The consul refused. He was required to write officially in his own name to the President for the arms and refused: and he peremptorily refused to condescend to write any thing countenancing or mentioning the demand. It was determined that recourse should be had to menace, force, and every means of despotism, to bend the firm resolution of the consul, and for this trial he was ordered to appear before the Bashaw. As he passed through the palace of the guards, he understood sufficient of their barbarous dialect and their conversation to learn, that unless he submitted to terms, he was to be assassinated. Between Mr. Eaton, the Bashaw and the prime minister, an interesting and spirited dialogue ensued. The demands were renewed in various forms, but nothing could change or bow the determination and dignity of the American, who demanded his passport immediately, which the minister refused or hesitated to grant. Driven to the last honourable resort, and having apprehensions for the safety of his life from the anger and designs of the ministers and Bashaw, who, by a single stamp or nod might have decided his fate—the consul, traversing the room with a quick, firm, and open military step, assuming all the imposing majesty of conscious superiority, conscious rectitude, and undaunted courage, his countenance terrible as Mars, and his eyes glaring as living coals, were sternly fixed on the prime minister, and marked as a certain victim of his desperate fury, and laying his hand upon his sword, again demanded his pass. A paleness overran the countenance of the minister, and a terror seized his frame, too effeminate to withstand the bold language of an American, and the awful appearance of an angry veteran, and turning to the Bashaw his master, requested that the American consul might receive his pass—which was instantly done. The consul returning through the streets, heard in all mouths, "The American consul is killed." But Heaven and his valour had preserved the consul for other destinies.
† The Court language of Tripoli is Italian. The dialect of the army and people is a mixture of Turkish, Morisco and other languages.
Copy of a letter from WILLIAM EATON, Esq. to the Secretary of State of the United States, inserted at the request of the above correspondent.
Tunis, 28th June, 1801.
"Sir, "On the night of the 16th inst. a fire broke out in the Bey's palace, which in its progress consumed fifty thousand stands of arms. The second day following I received a message to wait on the Bey, but was at that moment confined to my bed with a bilious fever, so that it was not till this morning I have been able to go in my carriage to the palace. The Bey's object in calling on me was to demand of the United States, ten thousand stands of arms. I refused to state his demand. "I have proportioned my loss," said he, "among my friends, and this falls to you to furnish." Tell your government to send them without delay." It is impossible, said I, to state this claim to my government. We have no magazines of small arms; the organization of our national strength is different from any other nation on earth. Each citizen carries his own arms always ready for battle. When threatened with an invasion or actually invaded, detachments from the whole national body are sent by rotation to serve in the field; so that we have no need of standing armies, nor depositaries of arms. It would be an affront to my government, and an imposition on the Bey, to state to them this demand, or to flatter him with a prospect of receiving it. "Send for them to France or England," said the minister.—You are in a much more eligible position to make this commission to Europe than we are, said I. "If the Bey had any intention of purchasing the arms from Europe," said the minister, "he could do it without your agency. He did not send for you to ask for advice, but order you to communicate his demands to your government." "And I came here, said I, to assure you that I will make no such communication to my government." "The Bey will write himself," said he. If so, it will become my duty to forward his letter, but at the same time, it is equally obligatory upon me, to let the Bey be beforehand apprized, that he never will receive a single musket from the U. States. I should suppose a sense of decency if not of gratitude, would dissuade the Bey from his new extravagant claim. Has he not within eighteen months received two large ships cargoes in regalia; have we not another ship laden for him on its passage; and has he not within sixty days, demanded cannon extraordinary, of the United States, at this rate when are your payments to have an end. "Never," said the minister; "as to the ships you talk of, they are but the part payment of regalia you have long since owed us, as the condition of peace; the other claims we make are such as we receive from all friendly nations, once every two or three years; it is an established custom, and you, like others, will be obliged to conform to it."—When we shall have completed the payment of our peace stipulations you may never calculate on further donations. It is by treaty considered as the conditions of a perpetual peace, and any new claims on your parts, will be at least an infraction of the treaty, and will be so considered by us. You may therefore at once forever abandon the idea of future claims; for I again assure you, in the name of my government & country, that the discharge of our treaty obligations will put an end to our contributions here. "Your contributions, as you think proper to call them, said the minister, will never have an end. If this be the language you think of holding at this court, you may prepare yourself to leave the country, and that very soon." If change of style, on my part, said I, be the condition of residence here, I will leave the Bey's kingdom to-morrow morning. "We will give you a month, said the
minister—I ask but six hours, I replied." "But you will write?" No. "But it is your duty to write." For deficiency in duty, this is not the place where I am to be questioned. "I tell you again, continued he, your peace depends upon your compliance with this demand of my master." If so, said I, on me be the responsibility of breaking the peace. I wish you a good morning. Leaving the palace, I heard the minister say to one of his colleagues: "By God, that man is mad; but we shall bring him to terms, never fear." I don't know how this affair will end. I will not change my position.
I have the honour to be, With perfect respect, Your most obedient servant, WILLIAM EATON."
Hon. Secretary of the United States. From a Liverpool Evening Paper of the 14th August, which we have been favoured with by a mercantile friend received by the Dumdries, Capt. Beard.
LONDON, August 12.
No intelligence has yet been received from Lord Nelson since he arrived off Cape St. Vincent on the 28th ult. Nor has any information arrived of the course steered by the combined fleet after the 26th.
No intelligence has been received from the squadron off Ferrol, of a later date than that which we have already communicated. Dispatches, however, are, we understand, hourly expected at the admiralty from Lord Nelson.
Orders are said to have been issued to our cruisers in the West-Indies to capture all vessels from French ports, and the several Americans from Guadaloupe, Martinique, &c. had, in consequence, been sent into Tortola.
The late communications from Russia are such as to leave no doubt with our Government of the early efficient co-operation of Russia in the war. Immediately after the recall of M. Novosilzoff, and the departure of Prince Dolgorouky for Vienna, another special messenger, gen. Tolstoy, was dispatched to the Austrian Court, to regulate with his Imperial Majesty the march of a Russian Army through his hereditary dominions.
Parliament, it is said, is to assemble in October. We have received Paris Journals to the 30th ult. but they present very little intelligence. Abuse of Russia seems now to be a part of the order of the day in the French official paper. We are concerned to find that the yellow fever has broken out at Corfu—at least so the Moniteur asserts.
Bonaparte, it appears, in the midst of higher concerns, has not been unmindful of the unfortunate exiles from St. Domingo. A decree has been issued by him, declaring that every subject, formerly residing in that colony, who may have been exiled from his home and property by the brigands, shall be allowed from the treasury 300 livres, per year, every married man 500, and for each child 100. That this provision should have been made without an eye to the ultimate recovery of the property sacrificed by the brigands is incredible; and surely Buonaparte will not apply for remuneration to the blacks.
CORN-EXCHANGE, Aug. 12.
Although our supply of English Wheat was rather short this morning, the great stock of foreign on hand unsold, and the fine appearance of the weather occasioned a dull sale, at a reduction in price of 8s per quarter.—We had a few fresh oats and Barley of our own growth, the former kept up their prices, but the latter is 1s. per quarter cheaper.—Grey pease are 1s. per quarter lower.—Flour had a dull sale and is expected cheaper.
Wheat 55s 70s 90s White pease, 48s 54s 0d Fine White 96s 100s 0d Beans, 45s 51s 0d Rye 46s 50s 0d Ticks, 42s 48s 0d Barley 40s 45s 0d Oats 25s 28s 33s Malt 76s 82s 0d Polands 34s 36s 6d Rape Seed 35l. to 40l. per last. Fine Flour 20 to 25s. Seconds 75 to 80s.
LIVERPOOL, Aug. 14.
POLITICAL RETROSPECT.
Government is certainly in possession of intelligence, communicating the determination of Buonaparte to hazard the long threatened descent. This information, connected with the open preparations carried on to a great extent, at the Helder and in the Texel, with the completion of the flotilla armaments in the grand depot of Boulogne, and with the actual conjecture of affairs on the Continent, has produced an exertion on our part adequate to the occasion. The principal points of defence along the coast are vigilantly guarded, the patrols are kept in constant activity, the picquets extended in every direction in which the enemy could have any possible chance of effecting a landing. The distribution of the signal posts along the coast of Suffolk, Essex, Kent and Sussex, has been so judicious, that the course of a few hours, should the enemy leave their own shores to risk the attempt, their embarkation would be known, and a force, superior to any they could land in any given point could be collected. Orders are issued at the war office from his Royal Highness the Duke of York, for suspending all furloughs, and leave of absence in the army, and requiring all officers and soldiers absent on leave, to join their respective regiments with all possible dispatch.
Our gallant volunteers must be truly gratified at the just value which is now set upon their courage and their patriotick exertions in defence of the nation; and they will learn with the mixed and honourable feelings of citizens and soldiers that they are called upon, should the exigency of affairs require it, to participate in the glorious struggle for the honour, the independence, and the very existence of their country. Their conduct will, we are confident, be a great and noble refutation of base calumnies which have been thrown out against them, and we have no doubt, that in valour, and intrepidity they will not be inferior to the best troops of the line. His majesty's wishes with respect to the co-operation of the Volunteer army have been conveyed in circular letters to the Commanders of the different regiments throughout the United Kingdom. The following is a copy of that addressed by the Earl of Harrington, to those within the district of the metropolis.
Our naval means of defence are fully completed by the reinforcements sent to the Downs, or to our cruising divisions off the opposite line of coast as well as to our north sea squadron. The whole of the force under the command of lord Keith is now so numerous and well appointed in ships of the line, frigates, sloops of war, bombs, gun vessels, cutters, and luggers, as to require no further addition; and notwithstanding a rumour circulated of the sailing of the Texel expedition, we have every reason to think that admiral Russel, who was joined on Friday, by the Polyphemus and Ruby, of 64 guns, each, is actually employed in the blockade of that port.
Several councils of general officers have been held in the principal points along the coast. On Friday one was held at Dover, at which general lord Forbes, general Hope, and the chief officers of the garrison attended. Two more meetings took place on Saturday at Shorncliffe Camp and Hythe, where gen. Moore and Sir David Dundas command. The engineer department, and the whole of the horse artillery, are in movement.
The following is the state of our squadrons employed in the blockade of the enemy's ports. According to admiral Collingwood's dispatches, which reach to the 26th ult. he was before Cadiz, with four ships of the line only. Rear admiral Stirling has resumed the blockade of Rochefort, with the Glory, of 98, the Warrior, of 74, and the Raisonnable, of 64
guns. Sir Robert Calder was, on the 1st inst. blocking Ferrol with nine sail of the line; and our grand fleet before Brest, consisted of nineteen sail. Despatches, dated on Tuesday, the 6th inst. were received from admiral Cornwallis and Rear admiral, Stirling on Saturday.
If we are to attach credit to accounts from Gibraltar, which reached town on Saturday, an attack upon that fortress is seriously meditated by the Spaniards and French. The camp at St. Roque contains nearly 30,000 men, a reinforcement of 10,000 French troops was expected to co-operate in the attack.
The last accounts from Algeciras state, that nearly one hundred gun boats or mortar vessels were fitting up, with furnaces for heating red hot balls. Camp equipage and stores for a siege were daily landing at the Orange Grove, and the encampment had assumed a magnitude, which indicated measures of the most decisive kind.
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED.
Sch'r Medusa, Gould, from Baltimore to St. Jago de Cuba. This morning Cape Henry W. N. W. distance 13 miles, carried away her mainmast, put into this port to refit.
Brig Lion, Donovan, 18 days from Matanzas bound to Philadelphia, put into this port in distress, having sprung a leak.
Sch'r John Ellis, Wade, from Newbern bound to Philadelphia, put into this port owing to head winds.
Sch'r William, Lecato, 8 days from Charleston.
Brig Edward and Charles, Pettengill, 61 days from Liverpool, Salt and Crates, Moses Myers—Sept. 17, in lat. 43, long. 52, spoke ship Globe, from Norfolk bound to Cork, 22 days out—Same day, British ship Medway, from this port for London.
CHARLESTON, Sept. 21.
Arrived—Ship St. Andrew, Pratt. August 10, Capt. Pratt was boarded by his Britannic majesty's frigate Amazon, Capt. Parker, late one of Nelson's squadron, which was then supposed to be off Corunna. The Amazon treated us with the utmost politeness, and only detained us a few minutes; she had, a few hours before, boarded the ship Three Sisters, from Bordeaux, bound to Charleston; the master of the Sisters informed the boarding officer of the Amazon that he had been boarded by the British Ferrol squadron a few days past, and they informed him, that five sail of the line and three frigates had put to sea again from Rochefort: that the combined fleets from the West-Indies had returned and got into Vigo, two line of battle ships excepted, which were taken by the Ferrol squadron that fell in with them in a thick fog.
Norfolk Chamber of Commerce.
THE Members are reminded that Monday next the 7th inst. will be their regular monthly meeting—the hour of meeting is 7 o'clock in the evening.
October 2 3t 182
FOR LIVERPOOL, The excellent Ship EDWIN, THOMAS, Master:— Can take 100 hogsheads on freight, if immediate application be made to
Moses Myers.
October 2. 3w 183
FURNITURE FOR SALE.
I will Sell at Private Sale, any of the following Articles, cheap for Cash, viz:—
MAHOGANY Chairs, Bedsteads, Dining, Card and Tea Tables, a Sideboard, Book Case, a number of Beds with their Furniture, Table and Bed Linen, Carpets, one of Elegant East India Straw, two dozen Black and Gilt Chairs, Looking Glasses, Tea and Table China, Elegant Cut and Plain Glass—Also a variety of Plate, and some handsome Chimney Ornaments—Likewise, a variety of Kitchen Furniture, such as Kettles and the like.—If the above articles are not disposed of before Tuesday the 8th day of October, they will on that day, be Sold at Publick Auction, at Dr. Leigh's.—Sale to commence at 10 o'clock.
William Pritchard.
Portsmouth, October 2. 181
AUCTION.
On Friday next, between the hours of ten and eleven o'clock in the Morning,
WILL BE EXPOSED TO SALE,
At Messrs. Campbell & Wheeler's Warehouse, on Town Point, for account underwriters and others concerned,
Anchors, Cables, Sails, Caboose, Boat, and sundry materials saved from the wreck of the brig Adventure, cast ashore and stranded on Cape Henry.
And immediately after, The Hull of said Brig ADVENTURE, Burthen about 120 tons, as it lies on the Beach about half a mile to the southward of Cape Henry Light House.—Terms, Cash. September 27. 3 174
WILL BE SOLD,
Before the Exchange Coffee House, on the 15th of October, About 70 or 80 Acres of Fertile Land,
Situated in the County of Princess Anne, about 7 miles from Norfolk. THIS Land lies on a Creek abounding with the best Fish, Oysters, and Wild Fowl, and would make a very handsome and desirable retreat for any person living in Norfolk—One half of the purchase money will be expected on the day of sale, and the other half on the first day of January, when a complete title will be made.
Eliza Haynes,
Executrix of William Haynes. September 27. 173
LEO THE TENTH.
E. BRONSON, IS PREPARING TO PUBLISH, FROM THE LORENZO PRESS,
"The Life and Pontificate of Leo the Tenth, BY WILLIAM ROSCOE."
CONDITIONS.
I. This work will be elegantly printed in octavo, upon a new type and superior woven paper. II. It will be comprised in four volumes of about 480 pages each. III. Each volume will be ornamented with an elegant copperplate engraving by Mr. Edwin. The engravings are portraits of LEO X. ALDUS, one of the first printers, LUTHER, and RAPHAEL, taken from original paintings. IV. The price will be two dollars and fifty cents a volume in boards. To such, however, as may choose to become subscribers before the publication of the second volume, the work will be delivered at two dollars a volume. V. The work will be put to press immediately, and the first volume will be ready for subscribers in a few weeks.
The Editor is the only person, as he believes, in the United States who possesses a copy of this original, elegant and interesting work. This copy, which is in quarto, was sent out from England before the publication of the work there, and could not be sold in this country at less than from forty to fifty dollars. Considering the time which must elapse before the English copy can be imported for sale, and the immense difference in price between that and the proposed edition, the editor flatters himself with a belief that his will meet with liberal encouragement and a rapid sale.
Subscriptions received at the Office of the Publick Ledger Philadelphia, August 21. 171

A LOTTERY, To build an Academy in the Town of Petersburg. SCHEME.
  1 Prize Dols. 5000   1 do. 2000   1 do. 1000   2 do. Dols. 500 1000   10 do. 100 1000   20 do. 50 1000   25 do. 40 1000   40 do. 25 1000   100 do. 20 2000   500 do. 10 3000   4500 do. 6 27000   The last drawn ticket on the 5th day, 1000   Do. do. 10th, 1000   Do. do. 15th, 1500   Do. do. last day, 1500 
5000 Tickets, at 10 dols. is 50,000 Of which only five dollars will be received in advance for each ticket, the prizes subject to a discount of fifteen per cent. will be paid in thirty days after the drawing is completed. All prizes not applied for within six months after the drawing is finished, will be considered as relinquished for the benefit of the institution.
MANAGERS. Joseph Jones, Robert Bolling, James S. Gilliam, John Wilder, William Wills, Robert Birchett, Roger Atkinson, William Prentis, James Campbell, James Byrne, William Clarke.
N. B. The Managers pledge themselves to the publick to draw two hundred and fifty tickets and no more, on the days that a prize is affixed to the last drawn number.
The Managers of the Petersburg Academy Lottery, assure the publick, that the numbers and prizes are now preparing, and that the drawing will commence on the first Monday in October next, agreeably to their former determination; and they avail themselves of this opportunity to express the great pleasure they feel in seeing an institution so interesting to parents, so liberally patronized by the publick.
In devising the Scheme of the above Lottery, the Managers had in view to afford an opportunity of acquiring wealth as well to those whose circumstances did not permit them to adventure much, as to those who were differently situated. They observed in other Schemes the adventurer had to advance the whole price of a ticket before he obtained a chance; they give the adventurer two chances for advancing the whole price of one ticket, an advantage afforded in no other Scheme; and to which may be ascribed the great demand in which their tickets now are.
The Managers deem it a duty they owe the publick, to apprise them, that, as soon as the drawing commences, the price of tickets will be much increased, although until then they hold themselves bound to sell on the terms set forth in the Scheme.
Gentlemen at a distance who were so obliging as to take tickets for the accommodation of the publick, are requested to make an immediate return of the sales made, with the money received, and tickets remaining on hand, to Captain John Wilder, at the Office of Discount and Deposit, Petersburg, or to the person to whom they received them.
Tickets in the above Lottery, to be had of WILLIAM KNOX. September 27. 170
FALL AND WINTER GOODS.
GILLIAT AND MACKINDER, Have received by the Ship PLANER, Boust, from London, and FREDONIA, from Liverpool, their supply of FALL AND WINTER GOODS, And will be Sold on low terms, for Cash, or approved Acceptances in Town—Amongst which are
  17 Bales of Napt Cottons. 16 Boxes Boys' and Mens Hats.   18 do. of Rose Blankets. 6 Trunks of Manchester.   8 do. Stripe do. 4 Boxes Cutlery, assorted.   9 do. White and Red Flannels. 50 Casks Shot.   10 do. White Plains and Kersies. 150 Kgs of Gunpowder.   12 do. Blue do. 40 Casks Nails.   14 do. Blue & Green Half Thicks. 4 do. Seine Twine.   6 do. Stripe and Grey Coatings. 6 Trunks Mens' and Womens' Worsted Hose.   2 do. Yarn Hose. 3 Bales of Ozanburgs.   2 do. Carpeting and Carpets. Fleece Hosiery, for Ladies' and Gentlemens' wear.   8 do. Mixed Fearnoughts. Muslins, Dimities, Calicoes, &c. &c. 
The above packages are well assorted. September 16. tf 145
FOR SALE, THE REMAINDER OF
THE CARGO OF THE BRIG NANCY, From the Cape of Good Hope, consisting of the following articles, VIZ:— 100 Casks CAPE WINE. 13 do. CONSTANTIA do. 1 do. STEEN do. 5 do. MUSCAT do. 19 do. TAMARINDS. 4 do. BRANDY. 44 do. ALOES.
A liberal credit will be given, and if the whole is taken, the above articles will be sold a bargain—Any person inclined to purchase, may rely that the articles on hand, were not the refuse of the Cargo, which was sold by shewing one cask of each quality, and were delivered as they came to hand. John Granbery. August 29. tf 92
THE SUBSCRIBER Having opened Tavern in the EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE, will be glad to take in TEN OR TWELVE GENTLE BOARDERS by the year. Peter Kemp. May 6. tf 654
THIS DAY LANDING,
From on board the Schooner Eagle, Captain Gress, from Bourdeaux, 160 Casks CLARET. 981 Cases assorted do. 66 do. do. White do. 80 Baskets SWEET OIL. 2 Trunks and 3 Cases Ladies' and Men's SHOES. 8 Cases Mens' and Children's Silk and Beaver HATS, assorted. DEMIJOHNS, ALMONDS, NUTS, &c. &c. For sale on liberal terms, by John & James Galwey, Commerce-Street Wharf.
WHO HAVE ON HAND, 75 Boxes White & Brown Havanna SUGAR. September 6. tf 128
LADIES FASHIONABLE SHOES.
SEVERAL Trunks of Ladies plain and fashionable LACED KID SHOES, and Gentlemens' fashionable London made do. just received by the ship Planer, Captain Boush, and for sale by Gilliat & Mackinder. September 9. tf 136
Office of Discount and Deposit of the Bank of the United States, September 2, 1805.
WANTED TO PURCHASE, A FEW THOUSAND POUNDS STERLING OF Approved endorsed 60-day Bills on London. ROBERT OLIPHANT, Cashier. 116
To Mr. Robert Gilmour, surviving partner of Logan & Gilmour, Sir, I HAVE obtained a Commission from the Court of Norfolk County, to take the Depositions of Thomas Newton, John Owen, Alexander Love, William Porter, and James Mathews, to be read in evidence in a suit in Chancery, brought by me, as Administrator de bonis non of Richard Kelick, against you, and now depending in that Court.—As you do not reside within the Commonwealth, and have no known Agent or Attorney within the State, to whom notice of the time and place of taking the Depositions can be given—in conformity to the Act of Assembly, I do hereby notify you, that between the hours of eight in the morning and six in the afternoon, of Tuesday the 12th day of November next, at the Office of Robert B. Taylor, in the Borough of Norfolk, I shall proceed to execute the Commission aforesaid, and take the Depositions of the witnesses before mentioned. I am your obedient Servant, RICHARD KELSICK, Administrator de bonis non of RICHARD KELSICK. 167
September 23. tf 167
NORFOLK BOROUGH: At a Quarterly Session Court, continued and held the 30th day of August, 1805.
Alexander Maclure, John Robinson, and Daniel R. Waddey, trading under the firm of Daniel R. Waddey & Co. Compts. Against, Gilbert Robinson, and James Brown, Merchants, trading as partners under the firm of Robertson & Brown, and Robert Dickson, Administrator of Henry Cavan. Defs.
THE Defendants Robertson and Brown, not having entered their appearance, and given security according to the Act of Congress, and the Rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of this Court, that they are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth: On the motion of the Complainant by their Counsel, It is ordered, That the said Defendants Robertson and Brown, do appear here on the fourth Monday in November next, and answer the Bill of the Complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some Newspaper printed in this Borough, for eight weeks successively, and posted at the front door of the Courthouse of the said Borough: And it is further ordered, That the Defendant Robert Dickson, Administrator of Henry Cavan, deceased, who hath effects of the said Robertson and Brown, in his hands, do not pay, convey away, or secret such effects, but retain them until the further order or decree of this Court, concerning the same. (A Copy, Teste.) 127 WILLIAM SHARP, C. N. B. C.
NORFOLK BOROUGH: At a Quarterly Session Court continued and held the 30th day of August, 1805.
William Pennock, Compt. Against Jean de St. Maria, Robert Lawrence, and Theo. Armitstead, Defs. In Chancery.
The defendant Jean de St. Maria, not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the Act of Assembly and the rules of this Court—And it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that he is not an inhabitant of this Commonwealth—On the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered, that the defendant Jean de St. Maria, do appear here on the fourth Monday in November next, and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper printed in this Borough for eight weeks successively, and posted at the front door of the Court-House of the said Borough—And it is further ordered, that the defendants Robert Lawrence, and Theo. Armitstead, who have effects of the said Jean de St. Maria, in their hands, do not pay, convey away, or secret such effects, but retain them until the further order or decree of this court concerning the same. (A Copy, Teste.) 126 Wm. SHARP, C. N. B. C.
LEVIN DORSEY, On Town Point—Wide Water-Street.
Has Received by the DUMFRIES, from London, in addition to his former assortment of MATHEMATICAL INSTRUMENTS, &c. Adams's Patent Globes—12 inches. Brass and Wood Compasses—Assorted. Quadrants. Night and Day Telescopes—Assorted. Telescopes for Day only. Patent Time Glasses. From 1-4 to 1-2 minute, and for one and two hours. Gunter's Scales and Dividers—Assorted. Charts, for the West-Indies, and America. Moore's Epitome and Daily Assistant. And has on hand, Blunt's American Practical Navigator—Last edition, with a copious appendix. Blunt's American Coastal Pilot. Also for Sale, Bell-Mettle Skillets of Superior Quality. Carriage Wheel Boxes, Bouches, and Solid Brass Sheaves—Assorted. Hoop and Baltimore Bar-Iron—Assorted.
All kinds of Mathematical Instruments Repaired, as usual. April 26. tf 628
LANDING AT COMMERCE-STREET WHARF, FROM BRIG MILTON, 27 Puncheons High Proof Jamaica RUM. 7 do. MOLASSES. AND FROM SCHOONER BRILLIANT, A few Puncheons choice Windward Island RUM. For sale by Redmon & Frith. August 7. tf 52
NEW CUT-NAIL MANUFACTORY, ON TOWN POINT, A small distance below County Wharf, Wide Water Street.
THE Subscriber has, at a considerable expense, fitted up, in addition to his other business, a complete set of machinery, adequate to finish 500 to 600 lbs. of Nails daily. He is also provided with a good stock of Iron; and with a sufficient number of skilful workmen. He has on hand a constant supply of Nails, Flooring Brads, and Sprigs, which he offers for Sale at the reduced prices as follows, by the keg, viz:
  10d, 12d, 20d, Nails, 8d per lb.   8d, do. 9d per lb.   Sheathing do. 7 1-2d per lb.   6d, do. 10d per lb.   4d, do. 3s per M.   3d, do. 3s 7 1-2d do.   8d, 10d, 12d, and 20d, Brads, 8d per lb.   6d, do. 4s 6d per M.   4d, do. 3s do.   3d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do.   2d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do.   ALSO—HOOP AND BAR-IRON ASSORTED. LEVIN DORSEY. March 18. tf 503
250 Barrels Superfine, 250 do. Fine, 100 do. X Middlings, } FLOUR. 150 do. do. 50 do. Ship, } BREAD. 90 do. Navy, } 10 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE. For Sale by JAMES MAURICE & CO. April 12. tf 589
NOTICE.
THE Subscribers to the Monthly Register and Review of the United States, published by Mr. S. C. Carpenter, Charleston, are informed, that the first and second numbers are received, and will be delivered them on application to the Subscriber; to whom also, will apply those Gentlemen wishing to add their names to the list of Patrons to this valuable work; which comprising a variety of the most instructive and entertaining subjects, exhibited in a style at once perspicuous, elegant and impartial; cannot fail meriting the approbation of every person of literary taste and sentiment. Any further comments upon the merits of this work are deemed superfluous, as the talents and industry of the Editor are well known. Jasper Moran. September 25. tf 165
THE BLACKSMITH BUSINESS Is carried on in the Shop lately occupied by WILLIAM G. CAMP & Co. on Lovall's Wharf, by JOSEPH GARDNER & Co. Who will execute any work in the above line, with fidelity and despatch, and at very moderate prices. September 18. tf 148
NOTICE. THE concern of JOHN STRATTON & Co. is this day dissolved by mutual consent, all those to whom the concern is indebted, as well as those who are indebted to the concern, will settle their accounts with Geo. Wilson. Geo. Wilson, J. Stratton. August 30. tf 169
WILLIAM COX, Desirous of quitting Business in this place, offers for Sale, the whole of his assignment of DRY GOODS, Consisting of—Saleable Fall and Fashionable Articles, On a liberal Credit, and at reduced prices, for approved Notes, The advantage of the Stand and situation may be obtained by the purchasers:—He will continue until such purchasers appear, or until Monday the 4th of November next, to sell off the Goods on his usual low terms, by retail, and the sale of what may then remain on hand will be made at Publick Auction, to begin on said Monday, and to continue from day to day, until the whole shall be disposed of—Terms, two months for all sums over 100 dollars and not exceeding 300—exceeding 300 dollars, 90 days. AT THE SAME TIME, WILL BE SOLD, PEW, No. 41, In the Presbyterian Church, and the HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE belonging to W. C. September 25. tf 168
LANDING, Out of the Brig Albert, Captain Fraser, from Madeira, 10 Pipes, } Branded 20 Hogsheads, } M. M. 40 Quarter Casks, } C. Of the first Old London Particular Madeira WINE, warranted equal to any imported—For sale by Robert Dickson. September 11. tf 140
TO RENT OR LEASE, (And possession given immediately,) THAT convenient Dwelling House, formerly occupied by Mr. John Davidson, on Brewer-Street—together with a large Garden, and all convenient out houses. For terms, apply to James Tucker. WHO HAS FOR LEASE, A VALUABLE LOT OF GROUND, On Commerce and Little Water Streets. September 6. tf 129
DESERTION. DESERTED from this Garrison on Monday the 19th instant, WILLIAM G. THOMPSON, a private in my Company of Artillerists. He is 32 years old, 5 feet 7 1-2 inches high, dark hair and complexion, born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. Ten Dollars will be given as a reward on his delivery at this post. J. Saunders, Captain U. S. Artillery Commanding. Fort Nelson, August 30. tf 108
COW-POX.
THOSE persons who wish to avoid catching the Small-Pox which now exists in this Borough, are informed that the subscriber has again succeeded in introducing the Vaccine Infection, and that he now has several arms fit to inoculate from. ** He has returned to his old shop at the lower end of the new market. George Balfour. AN APPRENTICE wanted. Nov. 16. tf 326
JOHN STRATTON,
WISHES to acquaint his Friends and the Publick, that he would be glad to take 6 or 8 genteel BOARDERS, by the Week, Month, or Year, at the house where he now lives, on Granby Street, near the United States' Bank—It is a very airy, pleasant and healthy situation; and every attention will be paid, to render those who favour him with their custom, as comfortable as possible, and charges reasonable. September 16. tf 151
FOR SALE—BY THE SUBSCRIBER, 75 Puncheons Winward Island RUM. 6 do. 4th proof Old Jamaica do. 5 do. New-England do. 30 Pipes Best Holland GIN. 8 Hogsheads and 24 Barrels Country do. 8 Pipes 4th proof Cognac BRANDY. 11 do. do. Alicante do. 10 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE. 17 Pipes Fine Old Sicily do. 70 Casks well assorted EARTHEN WARE. 2 Hogsheads do. assorted for family use. 12 Casks GLASS WARE—well assorted. 200 Sacks Liverpool SALT—Also, 70 Hhds. Richmond and Petersburg TOBACCO. 35 do. Lowland do. 104 Barrels Superfine, } FLOUR. 90 do. Fine, } 27 do. SHIP STUFF. A. Maclure. August 7. tf 48
FOR SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBER,
AT HIS LUMBER YARD ON CALVERT'S WHARF, 700,000 SALE SHINGLES. 50,000 BUILDING do. 50,000 STAVES—White and Red Oak. 10,000 CYPRESS PALES. 5,000 CEDAR and CHINQUERIN POSTS. Also—shall keep a supply of PLANK AND SCANTLING. Thomas H. Parker. August 19. tf 77
TO RENT,
And possession given the first of September, A LARGE and commodious three story Brick House, in Church-Street, at present occupied by Mr. Henop, the first floor is completely fitted for a Store and Counting Room, and the upper part well calculated for the residence of a genteel family, with two kitchens, all other necessary out houses, and a paved yard. For terms apply to William Plume & Co. August 19. tf 86
TO RENT,
THE Warehouses at present occupied by James Herron on my wharf, capable of storing 4,000 barrels flour, and free from danger of high tides—Possession may be had of them on the first of September next; if agreeable, the Wharf may be had with them. Also, for Lease, for a term of Years, The Wharf adjoining mine, newly repaired, 56 1-2 feet in front, running back from 2 to 250 feet, with sufficient wall made ground for the erection of warehouses—at the end of the wharf, there is water for any ship, with a convenient Lumber Yard. For terms apply to John Davis. Portsmouth, July 29. 2w tf 25
MRS. MACDOUGAL,
INFORMS her friends and the publick, that she has taken that handsome house belonging to Mr. Roberts, in the centre of Market Square, where she will receive Boarders on moderate terms—the strictest attention will always be paid to the diet rooms, and lodging, and every endeavour used to render a transient or permanent abode at her house satisfactory. September 25. tf 162
Avis aux Refugiés de St. Domingue.
LE Sous Commissaire des Relations Commerciales de France en Virginie à la résidence de Norfolk, invite réitérativement les Colons Refugiés de St. Domingue, victimes de la dernière évacuation, qui désirent passer en France, à se présenter au Commissariat, à l'effet de s'y faire inscrire, soit pour un passage immédiat, soit pour la conservation de leur droit, à une époque plus éloignée. La Liste sera ouverte pendant un mois à compter du 23 Septembre, 1805. 163 OSTER.
A LOT FOR SALE.
A VALUABLE and pleasantly situated LOT, of fifty by one hundred feet on Moore's Point, may be had on reasonable terms, by applying to William Hartshorne, jun. September 25. tf 166
FALL GOODS,
Just received from London, per Planer, Capt. Boush. J. & W. Southgate. September 2. 2m 115
BRANDY AND CLARET.
10 Pipes 4th proof COGNAC BRANDY. 27 Hogsheads, } CLARET WINE. 50 Boxes, } Of superior quality, imported in the ship Sheffield, Capt. Cowper, from Bourdeaux—And for sale, by Donaldson, Thorburn & Co. September 23. 2w 161
TO RENT,
(And possession given the 1st day of October,) TWO VERY CONVENIENT WAREHOUSES, at present occupied by Mr. J. Prudden. For terms, apply to Robert Gibson. September 6. tf 134
BUENOS AIRES HIDES,
New landing from on board the Ship Nancy, Capt. Laurence, from Rio de la Plata. For sale by William Pennock. September 4. tf 123
300 Barrels Superfine FLOUR, For sale by James Maurice & Co. September 2. tf 119
TO RENT.
THE Store, Cellar, and Compting Room, No. 41, Main-Street, at present occupied by Messrs. GILLIAT & MACKINDER. Apply to Thomas Willock. April 1. tf 547
WANTED,
TWO APPRENTICES from 11 to 15 years of age, for the Sea.—And a CARPENTER.—Apply to the Subscriber on board the Ship Sheffield. JOSIAH COWPER. September 25.
FOR SALE,
12 Puncheons ANTIGUA RUM. 15 do. GRENADA do. 5 Pipes HOLLAND GIN. 20 do. COUNTRY do. 12 do. FRENCH BRANDY. 2 do. ALICANT do. 22 Qr. Casks SHERRY WINE. 10 do. do. MALAGA do. PORT and CLARET WINE, in casks & bottles. 6 Barrels PORK—and about 1000 Dozen PORTER, o fine last winters flock, equal to any imported. Joseph Hayes. August 24. tf
NOW LANDING,
From on board the Schooner Lydia, Capt. Livingston, from Madeira, 8 Pipes, } OLD PARTICULAR WINE, 8 Hogsheads, } fit for immediate use. 12 Qr. Casks, } 59 Pipes, } PARTICULAR WINE, 1 Qr. Cask, } Vintage—1804. 10 Pipes LONDON MARKET. And from on board the Ship Courtney, William Bryant, Master, from St. Petersburg, 80 Tons Clean HEMP. 600 Pieces RUSSIA DUCK. 200 do. RAVENS DUCK. 200 do. RUSSIA SHEETING. 35 Ton IRON. For Sale by William Pennock. September 18. 3w 134
NOTICE.
THE PARTNERSHIP OF SAMUEL SAUNDERS & Co. Is this day dissolved by mutual consent, and those who have accounts with the said firm, will please come forward for immediate settlement to SAMUEL SAUNDERS, who is duly authorized by the concern to adjust the same. Samuel Saunders. P. Henop. N. B. The business in future, will be carried on by SAMUEL SAUNDERS, and ROBERT C. JENNINGS, and Co. under the firm of SAMUEL SAUNDERS & Co. July 12. tf 814
LANDING THIS DAY ON OUR WHARF,
From on board the Martha & Mary, from Grenada, 86 Puncheons RUM. 20 Hogsheads MOLASSES. 1 Puncheon SHRUB. 1 Barrel LIME JUICE. And from on board the British Brig Brothers, from Kingston. 40,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE. IN STORE, 50,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE. 36,000 lbs. Porto Rico do. 20 Barrels Baltimore LOAF SUGAR. 130 Barrels Superfine FLOUR. 50 Hogsheads Petersburg TOBACCO. 20 Puncheons Grenada RUM. 20 Barrels Prime PORK. 25 Bales Upland COTTON. All of which we will dispose of on moderate terms. C. & F. Whittle. August 2. tf 33