The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1792-03-06 00:00:00

The POTOMAC GUARDIAN, and BERKELEY ADVERTISER.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANN.]
TUESDAY, MARCH 6, 1792.
[NUMBER 69—VOL 2.]
WHERE LIBERTY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY.
Franklin.
From the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
MR. FENNO,
Some modern European Philosopher has furnished the American Papers with a comparative Sketch of the Civilized Man and the Savage—will you please to publ sh, as a counterpart.
The SAVAGE and the CIVILIZED MAN.
THE Savage rises in the morning, and prowls through the forest for food—if he finds it, he returns loaded to his wife, who cooks it for him; her portion is, what he may leave of the hasty repast: if he is unsuccessful in hunting, he takes in an additional hole in his girdle, and his family pines in want.
The civilized Man gets up with the sun—pursues his daily occupation—and the sure prospect of a reward to his industry, lightens the burthens of life—while the arts of civilization afford a perpetual security against hunger, nakedness and cold.
The Savage has a precarious support—nature, it is true, provides the crystal stream, and his bow may stop the deer in its course—but the stream is often remote, and the track of the arrow is frequently untrue.
The civilized Man may struggle with misfortunes; but he has a never-failing resource in the benevolence of society.
The inhabitant of the woods has but few ideas, and few pleasures—these are of the ardent kind, and their acquisition often interferes with those of his fellow Savages—the consequences are fatal.
The civilized Man has a boundless circle of enjoyments—his views are expanded, his ideas unlimited; his hopes are excited by innumerable objects, and gratified ten thousand different ways. The legal restraints on his pleasures, appetites and passions, enlarge the sphere of his felicity.
The Savage, disentangled from the chace, or war, leads a life of stupid insensibility—there can scarcely be said to be any progress, or succession of events, in his existence—'tis one perpetual now.
The civilized Man lives in himself—in his children—in the public;—and as he participates in the labors, he enjoys the happiness of his country and of mankind.
"The Savage feels no anxiety for the future welfare of his family, however numerous it may be"—he propagates his kind like the wolf of the desert, and his offspring are abandoned to a wayward fate. The cares, the solicitudes, the anticipations and pleasures of life, are equally unknown to him.
The civilized Man has his cultivated faculties continually employed to promote the happiness of his family—every addition to it is a new pledge of future enjoyment.—He feels the protection of civil government, and he cheerfully contributes to its support—protected in his acquisitions by law, he contemplates the transmission of his name, his inheritance, his rights and privileges, to his posterity, with unspeakable pleasure.
The Savage has no abiding place—his only defence from the inclemency of the skies, is in his cave-hardened carcass.
The civilized Man, wisely calculating for the future contingencies of the seasons, in the retreat reared by the joint labors of associated industry, "smiles at the tempest, and enjoys the storm."
The Savage, while young, feels, and glories in the vigour of his nerves; like the young colt, he snuffs the wind, and braves the tempest—but mark his declining years—Time very early scars his visage and the hanging down-drawn lip of the aged Savage, fully evinces that his last are not his best days.
The civilized Man preserves, by temperance, the vigor of youth, till an advanced period—his declining years are crowned with respect and veneration—and his last repose is in the arms of filial affection.
From the VIRGINIA GAZETTE, &c.
"Friends should observe and chide each others faults; "O judge me not less kind because I chide—" The tongue with poison fill'd, unbridled too, Destructive proves and nature sets on fire! Wisdom, my tongue and pen, in prudence guide!
WHAT can be more lamentable, than to behold the human tongue, which ought to be the glory of man, employed in the base exercise of defamation? There is a fire in human nature, that it is in the tongue to inflame, which, when enkindled, proves difficult to suppress. We well know the melancholy effects of animosities in society, when continually blown up by unbridled and unruly tongues. Life and death are in the power of that noble member. All prudent persons should think twice before they speak once. The tongue is capable of doing the greatest injuries or benefits, of any one member of the human body. How much concerned ought every friend of human society to be, that there should be a proper discipline exercised over that member, to keep it under a due government?
Can any thing meet the cordial contempt of
good men, more than the despicable practice of slander, which is so prevalent among many, in various parts of the world? To speak evil of others, is the too general entertainment of company—the great business (after the usual compliments and ceremonies are over) is to sit down, and backbite all the world. We are too fond to hear evil of others—are prone to be secretly pleased at ill reports—though true, at the same time, we frequently have justice enough to think meanly of those who propagate them; and reason to conclude that those very persons will do the same for us, whenever their humour serves, at another time and place.
Slander never sprung from good breeding, good sense, or good nature; nor from humanity, humility, or charity. A person fond of reproaching his neighbour, should always be lightly esteemed and carefully guarded against. It was the dictate of an eminent character, "Speak evil of no man."—The aphrastus used to say, "It was safer trusting an unbridled horse, than intemperance of speech,"—and Zeno advised to "dip the tongue in the mind before it is permitted to speak."
Humanity! let fall a tear at the savage and murderous disposition of mankind.—How, like Vultures, they will fly at, and rend each others reputation! Every social heart and lover of friendship; every well-wisher to civil, domestic or religious society, bridle your tongues, and curb your passions! To subdue self, is the greatest victory, and more laudable than all the conquests of an Alexander or a Caesar. All the principles of virtue and true honor ought to be inculcated; but vice and false honor reprobated. Oh! that every tongue—from the national, down to our tea-table assemblies—were employed to the good of mankind! I am sincerely
A FRIEND.
January 31, 1792.
P. S. The Ladies as well as the Gentlemen will be pleased to think seriously upon the subject of useful conversation; and as, in the talking world, their influence is very considerable, I hope they will recommend to all their friends, to keep their tongues as with a bridle; for it must be wounding and offensive to their tender feelings, to see or hear the characters of their neighbours torn or ript to pieces, as if they were of no more value than worn out garments!
VIENNA, October 14.
GOVERNMENT has just published an ordinance, enjoining all its magistrates "strictly to observe the conduct of the French emigrants in the provinces of Austria: to prevent all unlawful excelses and dangerous enterprizes on their part, and to be particularly careful that they do not enlist any Austrian subjects—and even to compel all such Frenchmen to quit the country who are under suspicions of that nature—to seize upon their persons, if necessary, to examine them, and to see that they be furnished with no supplies whatever by the subjects of Austria, that might enable them to act offensively against their country."
PARIS, October 21.
It is remarkable, that in the various tumults that have been excited among the populace on account of the protestants being allowed to preach their doctrines without hindrance, women have been the sole actors; and on several occasions have gone to such mischievous lengths, that even the lower vulgar among the men, have voluntarily assisted the city guards in reducing these priest-ridden viragos to reason. This ungovernable tempur in our women, is not difficult to be accounted for. In times past it has been the policy of the teaching clergy, always to make sure of the mistress of the family. No pains having been previously spared to make them sincere converts to the tenants of bigotry and fanaticism, the men, of consequence, became an easy prey, and were not so much attended to. The principles of intolerance having by these means taken such deep root in the minds of the lower class of our females, no wonder that the laws of equity and justice find it difficult to inspire them with a tolerating spirit in matters of religion.
LONDON, December 1.
GENERAL ABERCROMBIE'S RETREAT.
A letter has been in circulation, written by an officer of the artillery under General Abercrombie, and dated from Cannanore, the 10th of June. It gives a confirmation of the news of the precipitate retreat of the Bombay army, and of their losses, but with such dreadful aggravation, as to dispose every one who knows the character of General Abercrombie to believe it impossible.
It states, that the General mounted the Ghaut with provisions for six months, and with stores and ammunition of all kinds for the siege of Seringapatam. The fatigue was excessive, they took possession of the fort of Pariapatam without obstacle, and found the adjacent country a perfect garden. On the 23d of May they were surprised by a body of the enemy's horse, who swept along the front of their
line, and carried off a large number of their draught bullocks. Of the approach of this body of horse they had no notice whatever, for they had neither picquets nor advanced guards.
The General issued an order, that they should prepare for a movement at eight o'clock in the evening, and that they should yoke in the remaining bullocks, with as much of the provisions as they could carry, and that this should be done with the utmost possible silence. At eight o'clock a verbal order was given to retreat by the same route they had advanced; and such was their situation, that they were under the necessity of leaving behind them 500 ox mulet ball carriages, 500 barrels of gunpowder, 2000 cannon balls, 6 tumbrils of provisions, and a great part of their camp equipage, besides several guns. Not one officer out of fifty was able to bring away a change of linen, and the General himself left behind him every article, even to his marquee equipage, and the key of the cypher, the military chest, containing three lack of rupees, and, what is still more calamitous, and even shocking, the sick were abandoned to their fate, and unable to keep up with the march, were left to the mercy of that enemy, whom it is the fashion to paint as a tyrant.
Their march was dreadful for they had to descend the steep Ghaut under incessant rains, and without the means of making fires, for the powder in the pouches was so wet, that it would not take fire, and they were obliged therefore to eat their rice raw. On their arrival at their cantonments, the number of sick was incredible. Of the first company of artillery, but two were returned fit for duty; of the second, there were four, and the rest in the same proportion. There were more than 1700 European troops on the sick list, and every one of them, almost sick and well, stripped of his necessaries, and without the means of procuring a supply.
S C H E M E Of a LOTTERY,
SET forth for the disposal of certain property in SHARPSBURG-TOWN, consisting of a Dwelling-House and Shop, and half an In-Lot—also, Half an In-Lot, and a Stable thereon—also, Nine Out-Lots, joining said Town, and Calth.
   Dollars.     633 Tickets, at 2 Dollars each, . . . . . 1266   1 Prize, 1 Dwelling-House and Shop, } and Half an In-Lot, . . . . . 300   1 Ditto, one Half In-Lot and Stable, . . . . . 150   1 Ditto, three Out-Lots, five Acres each, . . . . . 120   1 Ditto, three Out-Lots, five Acres each, . . . . . 120   1 Ditto, two Out-Lots, five Acres each, . . . . . 80   1 Ditto, one Out-Lot, five Acres, . . . . . 40   1 Ditto, Calth, 20 Dollars, . . . . . 20   2 Ditto, 10 Dollars each, . . . . . 20   4 Ditto, 4 Dollars each, . . . . . 16   200 Ditto, at 2 Dollars each, . . . . . 400  
213 Prizes, . . . . . 1266 420 Blanks, . . . . .
633 Tickets, at 2 Dollars each: . . . . . Dollars. 1266
The first Blank drawn, 4 Dollars; and last Blank 4 Dollars.
This Lottery is set forth for the Disposal of the above Property, and is as well calculated for the Benefit and Satisfaction of the Adventurers as possible, not having two Blanks to a Prize, and so many good Prizes. The Deeds for the whole will be given according to the Plan of the Town, and the Cash Prizes paid to the fortunate Tickets as soon as the Lottery is drawn. The Drawing will commence the first Day of August, 1792, or sooner, if the Tickets are sold. Fifteen acres of the above Lots are now sowed in Grain, this Grain will be reserved. ROBERT McMIM.
There will be good Judges chosen, who will discharge their Trust in drawing the above Lottery.
Tickets may be had of the under-named Gentlemen.
   ADAM OTT, Esq. HAGER'S-TOWN,   MR. PORTER, WILLIAMSPORT,   MR. STEMPLE, MIDDLETOWN.   CORNELIUS WYNKOOP, SHEPHERD'S-TOWN.   WILLIAM LEMEN.   DAVID HARRIS, at the Ferry.   MR. HARVEY, SHARPSBURG.   MR. ECKHARD,   MR. SHEETZ.  
MARYLAND, MARCH 3, 1792.

Foreign Advices.
LEYDEN, November 30.
IT is wonderful how the report of the King of France's escape could gain the least credit with people of common understanding. Situated as the French Monarch now is, it is next to impossible that he should act so weakly as to meditate a second escape from his Kingdom— Tempora mutantur, nos et mutamur cum illis —the times are changed, and he his changed also. Such a step as abandoning his Throne at this time would be an everlasting blot in his character, and forever destroy that confidence, which his conduct, since his signing the constitution, has merited. Neither is there any motive existing that could induce him to such a step. The appointment of Mr. Pethion to the Mayoralty of Paris, however disagreeable it may be supposed to the Court, was not an event of sufficient magnitude to cause so desperate a resolution. It is evident, then, that the whole story originated with the two corporals, who had the assurance to shut up the Royal Family at nine o'clock in their chambers. Being questioned, since their imprisonment, as to the receipt of this order, they declared, upon oath, they had received information that the King was preparing to make his escape. It would be well if the affair be traced to its origin; and if it could, we should doubtless find it to be a manoeuvre of one or other of the contending parties for particular purposes.
DUBLIN, November 17.
The Methodist religion is gaining considerable ground in France, under the direction of Doctor Coke, who has taken one of the largest churches in Paris, for that purpose: Ireland seems at length to copy France in this particular, and we are happy to see all religions uniting to serve one God, and one King, without any dissension.
The Methodist Sunday-School, we hear, promises to be of much utility, as the Governors do not mean to limit the number of boys till the house is filled, which will hold a great number, as it is extensive and well laid out. The girls are taken in a house distinct from the boys, and have no connexion on whatever, which is thought a material consideration by the parents of the children.
There are but few societies who support more charities than that of the Methodists, or whose charities are better worth the attention of other sects: They annually lodge and maintain twenty-four poor widows: They support a considerable fund for the relief of their sick poor, and they have likewise formed a smaller society, entitled, " The Francis Fund ;" each member subscribes from thirteen shillings a year and upwards, according to his circumstances, which subscription goes into one general fund, entirely for the relief of strangers, or members of other sects. By the interposition of this society, many poor creatures have been absolutely relieved from starving; one instance we have, from undoubted authority, merits attention: An aged man was attacked by a fever; when he was just recovering, his wife and children caught the infection; their friends, fearing probably the contagion, forsook them, and the poor man not able to work was, notwithstanding, obliged to provide for the remainder or see them starve; reduced to the last necessity, they were found by the above society, who not only lent meat and cloathing for the present relief, but supported them through the remainder of a disorder, which would otherwise, in all probability, have terminated fatally.
LONDON, December 6.
Brigadier General Arnold and family are arrived in England, from New-Brunswick, in Nova-Scotia.
December 8. We may truly say, of the opposition Scribes, that whenever they do write, they do wrong, and on no one subject more flagrantly than on the affairs of India.
December 9. Despatches were sent off on Friday to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and orders for another regiment, (making on the whole three now on the Irish establishment, to complete their full complement of men, and hold themselves in readiness to embark at Cork for the East-Indies.
Extract of a letter from the camp at Cannambaddy, near Seringapatam.
"We have had an opportunity of viewing Seringapatam with precision, which was a grateful sight. The fort is a formidable place, nearly as large as Trichinopoly; the buildings in it are very superb, and have the appearance of great grandeur. The island on which it stands is a beautiful spot, abounding with elegant buildings, villages, squares, groves and gardens, which, together with the view of the fort, and Tippoo's immense encampment, exhibit a scene picturesque and important. Crowds of people busied in throwing up works; infantry and cavalry moving in all directions, with boats plying up and down the river, contribute to render the whole prospect the most sublime and beautiful ever beheld. The Mausoleum of Hyder is among the grandest of the objects, surrounded by a grove of the most beautiful cypress trees. The whole island seems a complete fortification, and to have received every improvement art can give it."
The retreat of Lord Cornwallis, occasioned by the Western Monsoon, has most absurdly been called
a defeat. According to the same way of speaking (reasoning we cannot call it) every man who dies may be said to be murdered.
However the retreat to Bangalore might, for a time, delay the capture of Seringapatam, the present situation of Tippoo's army is such as must expose them, not only to great inconveniences of the Monsoons—but reduce them to all manner of straits for provisions; whereas, through the vigilance of Capt. Read, and the fine dispositions of our General—their quarters at Bangalore will be tolerably comfortable, and enable our army, even during the Monsoons, to harry the enemy in a variety of ways.
EAST-INDIES.
Copy of a letter from Earl Cornwallis to Sir C. Oakley, Bart. dated Camp, near Seringapatam, May 16, 1791.
"Sir,
"I have the honour to inform you that I had an opportunity yesterday of attacking Tippoo, and of giving him a total defeat. The vicinity of Seringapatam, and the batteries which he had erected on the north side of the island, saved his army from destruction. His loss of men, however, must have been very considerable, and besides a number of colours, we took four pieces of brass cannon."
"The difficulties of my own situation, in respect to forage and provisions, and particularly on account of the advanced season of the year, are not much relieved by this event, and indeed are very serious; and the obstacles which this river presents to a junction or co-operation with General Abercrombie, and which had never been described in any written or verbal account of it, appear at present almost insurmountable."
"I am, with great esteem and regard, Sir, your most obedient humble servant, (Signed) "CORNWALLIS."
The Government of Bengal have directed the other Presidencies to transmit their despatches for Europe to Calcutta, on or before the 31st of August, it being determined to send over the Swallow packet the first week in September.
The Swallow being a remarkably fast sailer, may yet arrive before Christmas, and will probably bring an account of the surrender of Osore, the possession of which, by our troops, will not only cut off all supply to the Mysore country from the Eastward, but add much to the comfort and convenience of the army during the Monsoon.
The government of Bengal, intending to ship bullocks for the coast, have been informed that the Madras Government can supply the number required. Lord Cornwallis will, therefore, be enabled to resume his operations in August—and be before Seringapatam early in September.
The Madras Government have in their treasury the amount required by Lord Cornwallis for the prosecution of the war.
Letters from the Malabar coast advise, that General Abercrombie has in store provisions and forage for five months.
DUBLIN, November 20. The Roman Catholic association, on Friday evening last, was numerous and truly respectable. The honourable gentleman who presided, and whose relative connexions with a patriotic peer of this realm is well known, and acted with that dignified consistency and elegant deportment, which has ever marked his character through life.
The purport of the meeting is, to lay a well-digested petition before parliament, for a repeal, or mitigation, of the penal code, which has been so long a disgrace to this country.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES.
WEDNESDAY, February 15.
THE bill (from the Senate) relative to the election of a President and Vice-President, &c. was read a third time, and passed with the amendments.
A bill (received yesterday from the Senate) for regulating processes in the courts of the United States, and providing compensations for the Officers of the said courts, and for jurors and witnesses, was read, ordered to be printed, and referred to a select committee, to examine and report.—The committee appointed, are Messrs. Boudinot, Smith (N. H.) Smith (S. C.) White and Benson.
Mr. W. Smith called for a second reading, a memorial, some time since presented, from sundry inhabitants of the state of S. Carolina, who were engaged in commerce, previous to the late revolution, praying relief from the inconveniences, under which they labour, in consequence of having been obliged to receive payments in depreciated paper currency, and pay their British creditors in specie.—The memorial was referred ( sine die ) to a committee of the whole House on the state of the Union.
The House then resolved itself into a committee of the whole, (Mr. W. Smith in the chair) on the representation-bill.
The question being taken on a motion to substitute the first day of October, 1792, instead of the 4th of March, 1793, as the period for an increase in the representation—it passed in the negative.
A motion was then made by Mr. Vining, to apportion the representatives as follows:—New Hampshire, 5 Members; Massachusetts, 16; Ver-
mont, 3; Rhode-Island, 2; Connecticut, 8; New-York, 11; New Jersey, 6; Pennsylvania, 14; Delaware, 2; Maryland, 9; Virginia, 21; Kentucky, 2; North-Carolina, 12; Georgia, 2.
After a short time spent in discussing the proposition, the committee rose and reported progress. Adjourned.
THURSDAY, February 16.
The House then resolved itself into a committee of the whole, on the bill for the apportionment of representatives among the several states, &c. Mr. W. Smith in the chair.
It was moved to fill up the blank after the State of New-Hampshire, with "five."
After considerable debate on this motion it was withdrawn, for the purpose of bringing in a proposed amendment to the first section, which was read, and after some debate, it was lost; after which the committee rose.
FRIDAY, February 17.
Mr. Speaker laid before the house the translation of a letter from Monsieur Morrel, containing a project for civilizing the Indians; which was read and ordered to lie on the table.
The following resolution—laid on the table, by Mr. White, on the 27th of last month, on the occasion of a difference of opinion respecting the propriety of having the doors of the House open during the debates on the Frontier-Bill—was called up and agreed to;—yeas, 22—nays, 18.
It was proposed, that, on such occasions, the door-keeper should be admitted:—it was also proposed that the sergeant at arms should be permitted to remain; but neither proposition was agreed to.
Adjourned.
MONDAY, February 20.
The petition and memorial of sundry merchants of North-Carolina, engaged in commerce before the late war, was read, and referred to a committee of the whole House, on the state of the Union.
A message was received from the President of the United States, by Mr. Lear, his Secretary, informing the House that he had approved and signed a bill which originated in the House of Representatives, for the regulation of the Post-office and Post-Reads within the United States.
TUESDAY, February 21.
The bill for the apportionment of representatives among the several states, &c. was read the third time, and after filling up some blanks, it was passed: ayes 34, noes 16.
A message was received from the Senate, by Mr. Otis, their Secretary, notifying that they have agreed to all the amendments made by this House to the bill for the election of a President and Vice-President, &c. except the last: Also that they have appointed a committee to join such committee as this House may appoint, to consider and report what business is necessary to be done during the present session, and also what business may, without injury be postponed till the next, so that this session may close on the first Tuesday of April.
The House then took into consideration the amendment disagreed to by the Senate, which provides, that in case of vacancy in the office of the President of the United States, the Secretary of State shall supply that vacancy; and the question being taken, to recede from the amendment, it was carried in the affirmative; ayes 31, noes 24.
The House then resolved itself into a committee of the whole, on the bill providing for the national defence, by establishing a uniform militia throughout the United States, Mr. W. Smith in the chair.
After considerable debate the committee rose, and the chairman reported progress, after which the House adjourned.
WEDNESDAY, February 22.
The bill for the settlement of the claims of persons under particular circumstances, barred by the limitations heretofore established, was read the third time and passed.
Mr. Gerry made a motion, that a committee be appointed to bring in a bill for reducing the rates of postage on News-Papers, which was read and laid on the table.
THURSDAY, February 23.
Mr. Boudinot, from the committee appointed on the petitions of the tanners and curriers of New-Jersey, New-York, and Philadelphia, made report to this effect, that, for the purpose of giving time for proofs, and further information, this business be postponed until the next session of Congress; and that, in the mean time, a further duty be laid upon all boots and shoes imported into the United States.
A message was received from the Senate, by Mr. Otis, their Secretary, with a bill making provision for the defence of the frontiers, passed by this House, and sent to the Senate for their concurrence, notifying that they have made sundry amendments, to which they request the concurrence of this House.
Adjourned.
MASSACHUSETTS.
BOSTON, February 8.
With respect to the War with the Indians, it appears to be the universal sentiment either " to sheath the sword; or fling away the scabbard. "
N E W - Y O R K.
ALBANY, February 9.
The emigrations from the New-England States to the western parts of this state are truly astonish-

ing; and what is worthy of particular remark, these emigrants appear all in tolerable circumstances—and most of them go to settle a new and fertile country, with every article of necessary household furniture, farming utensils, stock, &c.
N E W - Y O R K, February 11.
We hear from Dover, New-Hampshire, that a fire broke out in the Printing-Office of Mr. Ladd, by which accident the Office together with a store adjoining, were consumed.
Feb. 21. The persons who were in confinement at Claverack, charged with the murder of the late Sheriff Hogeboom, or of having been aiding or assisting therein, have all been acquitted by a jury of their country.
By a gentleman who passed through Albany on Friday 6th inst. on his way to the seat of government, from Niagara, which place he left the 8th ult. we have received the following serious information which may be depended on. He says the British have 2 new Schooners which were launched on last summer, carrying each 18 six pounders, and a galley carrying a 32 pounder in the bow—all laying now at Detroit; and that they are collecting materials at the same place for building a large ship immediately—that 2500 barrels more of provisions and ammunition have passed the carrying place at the Niagara this fall, than any year since the peace—for what purpose time will unfold. It will be but justice, however, to add, that our informant was in the garrison at Niagara soon after the defeat of our army—and that the British Officers appeared to sympathise in our misfortune with a great deal of sincerity. It is supposed that a nest of implacable bloody minded Loyalists who are strung along the great lakes, have been the principal cause of exciting such a general spirit for war among the Indians.
Ye out-casts of society, beware of your steps, think not to disturb the repose, or insult the dignity of an independent nation much longer with impunity. Once the 15 arms of Columbia are lifted against you in earnest, all your armed vessels, and your tawney allies will not protect you from annihilation.
We are informed that Mr. Cox of Bolton, who some time since went to Londonderry in Ireland, to build a bridge, and which he accomplished to the great satisfaction of his employers, is now in London, where, it is said, he has contracted to take down the celebrated monument erected in that city to commemorate the great fire in 1666; for which service he is to have as is reported, 10,000l. The base of the monument is very small for its amazing great height, which is 202 feet. It is a column of the Dorick order; it has a winding stair case outside, which begins in the middle and rises to within 30 feet short of the top. For many years past this column has been a terror to the citizens of London, as by some failure in the construction, 100 feet or more of the upper part leans very much, and threatens great destruction by a fall. The operation of taking down this vast pile, is considered as very hazardous. It was built at the expense of the city of London, was begun in 1671 and finished in 1677, and cost 13000l. sterling. The north side has an inscription in Latin, which in English is rendered thus: In the year of Christ, 1666, Sept. 2, eastward from hence, at the distance of 202 feet (the height of this column) a terrible fire broke out at midnight; which, driven on by a high wind, destroyed with incredible fury, 89 churches, the City Gates, Guildhall, many public structures, hospitals, schools, libraries, a vast number of stately edifices, 13000 dwelling houses, and 400 streets. Of 26 wards it utterly destroyed 15, and left 8 others half burnt. The ruins of the city were 436 acres. To the estates and fortunes of the citizens it was merciless, but to their lives very favorable, that it might in all things resemble the last conflagration of the world. After raging for three days, and baffling all human counsels and endeavours, it stopped as it were by a command from heaven, and was on every side extinguished.
P E N N S Y L V A N I A.
P H I L A D E L P H I A.
February 20.
Late accounts from France say, that the rupture between the French and the Algerines is likely to be amicably prevented, "when the Dey found the National Assembly were adopting decisive measures against him, he solicited a continuation of peace with a degree of servility, and in a style of placability hitherto unknown in that quarter."
In the United States, while we are informed that the ultimate sanction has been given to an act for cramping the circulation of news-papers, by laying a tax on them oppressive to a particular class of the community, but which when viewed as a source of public revenue must appear trifling indeed, because its product cannot be sufficient to make it an object with the government—we are happy to see that the tax laid by the odious stamp-act in Ireland, is about to be repealed. Our readers will be pleased to observe the following paragraph, on this subject, copied from the Hibernia Journal, of the 16th of November, 1791:
"It is whispered in some circles, that the repeal of the stamp-act, so far as it relates to stiched pamphlets and news-papers, will be moved for and strenuously supported by the whole weight and endeavours of the country interest, at the next session, as one of the fine qua non to be peremptorily insisted upon previous to a grant of the supplies. It might rationally be expected, so gracious a government as that we have the happiness to live un-
der, shall reflect on the many advantages derived to commerce, learning, arts, and even religion, from a free and cheap communication of ideas through the medium of an unembarrassed press. An abolition of the use of stamps, as far as typography is concerned, was one of the first acts voted by the committee of finance in the late National Assembly of a neighbouring kingdom."
Prodigious Hog!
By a gentleman from York-Town in this state, who passed through Chester county on his way to this city, we are informed that Mr. William Ingram of said county, has a remarkable Hog, that on the 4th of this instant, weighed 1200lb. and it is expected by the method and care that is taken in feeding, that by the middle of March he will be made to weigh 1300 pounds, at which time he will be exhibited in this city.
The legislature of Pennsylvania have passed an act, tending to mitigate the sufferings of poor and distressed prisoners, in the gaol of the city and county of Philadelphia. It is sincerely hoped their benevolent example will be followed in other states, and that as the rights of men become better understood among us, the rights of those men will not be passed over, whom the tyranny of a barbarous custom precludes from helping themselves. By the act just mentioned, inspectors are appointed, to attend once a week, to observe the conduct of the keeper and the condition of the prisoners, and to provide blankets, fuel, &c. for such as are unable to procure them for themselves. Besides this, seven cents per day are to be paid to each poor debtor for his subsistence; the person upon whose suit the debtor was confined, to be drawn upon weekly, for the amount; and in case of refusal, the debtor to be discharged from confinement.
From the Secretary of the Treasury's statement of the funded debt, it appears that Pennsylvania holds, in certificates, upwards of 470,000 dollars more than all the states to the southward of it, united; that New-York holds 1,268,851 dollars more than Pennsylvania; and that Massachusetts holds 222,301 dollars more than New-York. So that these three northern states are possessed of near fourteen out of twenty parts of the public funded debt. The part of the debt belonging to the treasury is not touched on this calculation of proportion. Thus, on the scale of equality, the balance of power, arising from possession of the public funds, is already departed from the southern division of the United States; and yet these southern states must be accountable for the payment of the principal and interest of the public funded debts, of which they hold so small a proportion."
In the week between Christmas and New-Year's day last, were married three young women, two at Kennett, and the other at Bradford, Chester county, in silk gowns of their own raising and reeling, and which were wove in the neighbourhood. One of them has enough left for two more gowns: A laudable example to all young women. If every young woman was obliged to raise and reel silk enough for a wedding gown, before she could marry, a great quantity would be raised in a little time.
V I R G I N I A.
F R E D E R I C K S B U R G H, February 16.
[The Editor lately received the following lines from a good customer, inclosing half a Guinea; they were not intended for the press but thinking they might serve as a hint to his other friends, he has been induced to give them a place.]
Mr. GREEN, I GET my papers nearly all, No fault I can discover, Save now and then some paper small, But this I can look over. Your advertisement I attend, Where want of cash you're shewing, In this my aid I'll freely lend, To keep the press a going. Inclos'd a half a guinea's here, Which has been some time due, This pays for services last year, Likewise some interest too. February 4, 1792. R. B.
W I N C H E S T E R, February 25.
It is with satisfaction equal to the importance of the object, that we announce to the public the safe return of Colonel WILLIAM DARKE, from the Western Country—he started from Fort Washington on the 23d ult. and from the Crab Orchards, the 1st of February, and arrived here on Monday evening last.
Faint would be our endeavours to paint the distinguished merits of this gallant citizen soldier in their true colours, and small the praises we are able to bestow, compared to those he is so eminently entitled to from his countrymen—to some other pen, therefore, skilled in the exalted science of banding down the deeds of heroes to remote posterity, we submit the task. But we are impelled, notwithstanding our acknowledged inequality, to give our readers a small sketch of his behaviour, while on the late expedition against the Indians.—From authority, we learn, that through his means the remains of our little army were saved from falling a prey to the savages of the wilderness—and, thro' his means, were those on the brink of famine in Fort Jefferson, made to taste the bread of comfort.—Americans, conscious of the services he had rendered their country, hailed him on his return, in every town—in every village—joy beamed on the countenances of both old and young, when they beheld him safe: how different was their conduct, not many weeks ago, when one in a more ex-
alted station traversed the same road, and from the same place—nought but hissing and murmuring were then to be heard:—does not this plainly evince, that even BACK WOODS-MEN are yet capable of distinguishing, and discovering, that "there is something rotten in the state of Denmark."
S H E P H E R D ' S - T O W N, March 6.
Extract of a letter from a Member of Congress, to a Gentleman of this neighbourhood February 23, 1792.
"This day the Senate agreed to the bill sent from the House of Representatives, for raising an additional force for the Western war, with some amendments which improve the arrangement, without diminishing the force. A vigorous campaign will be attempted next year, 6000 regulars at least will be sent against the enemy."
"The Representation Bill has passed our house once more; the ratio 30,000—A new enumeration in the course of four years, and the ratio for the representation in the year 1797, 30,000. How this modification will please the Senate, is uncertain.—I think the bill will pass. We are now engaged on the militia. We shall probably rise in April.—The loan will be again opened till September, but I do not think a further assumption will be agreed to."
Extract of a letter from Pittsburg, dated Feb. 10.
"Whether the frontiers of Pennsylvania shall enjoy peace—or be deluged with blood this approaching summer, will, in a considerable degree, depend upon the final resolutions of the six Indian nations, for neutrality, peace or war.—When the fate of two successive campaigns are taken into view, with the influence of the Western on their councils, flushed with victory and plunder, and the weak defenceless state, in some measure, of the Frontiers, and the presumption that no considerable army can be raised and sent forward before fall, what can reasonably be expected but Savage hostilities? At all events, the situation of the inhabitants, whose minds are kept in continual suspense, agitated between hope and fear; whose lives and property are immediately exposed, should their determinations be hostile, is truly pitiable, and claims the vigilant attention of government."
A correspondent observes, "that without any comment on the principle of the present unhappy Indian war (as a righteous one is frequently condemned, through ignorance, so a pretext is never wanting to countenance one that is unjust) the laconick and humane address of the Mifflinago Chief to his victorious warriors in the late unfortunate conflict, who generously called them off from the bloody pursuit commanding them to let the fugitives escape, for they had killed enough, exp. effes greater dignity of sentiment, and magnanimity of soul, than is recorded in the annals of ancient or modern history. And if premiums are generously bestowed on him who bravely rescues one unfortunate victim from destruction, what distinguished mark of honour does that man deserve, who respites hundreds of his fellow-beings from impending ruin! Who, in the proud moment of victory, can nobly check the destroying impulse, saying—thus far shalt thou go, and no farther—and here shalt thy proud triumphs be stayed!"
"With due deference to a most laudable institution, I would propose that, as a testimonial of gratitude for the preservation of our surviving friends, a gold medal be presented to the Mifflinago Chief, representing in proper hieroglyphics this heroic act of mercy, with the following inscription— Parcere victis, ipsam victoriam superat. "
We hear that a fleet of Men of War and Transports, with several thousand Land-Forces on board, lately arrived at Cape Francois, from France.
"On Sunday last alighted at Mr. Mahony's, sign of the Harp and Crown, Martinsburg, and took dinner, six Indian Chiefs and a Queen of the Cherokee nation, escorted by Col. Carey, as Interpreter, Mr. Shaw, as conductor, and another gentleman, on their way from Congress to the Teneesee. They travel in very great pomp, a beautiful stage and four horses, a number of waggons, &c. The crowd while at dinner, was very numerous. One of the Chiefs had a white wife, whom he married in Philadelphia."
On the 12th ult. died at the Wood Yard, in Prince-George's County, aged about 60 years, the Honorable Major-General WILLIAM SMALL-WOOD, formerly Governor of the State of Maryland.
Died, last evening, Mr. JOHN DARKE, son of Col. WILLIAM DARKE.
T O B E S O L D,
At Public Sale, to the highest bidder, At the late dwelling-house of Mathew Whiting, dec.
On the 17th of this Month,
One Negro Woman,
and GIRL, one Waggon and Team, some Household Furniture, and some Stock, of the property of Mathew Whiting, deceased, by virtue of an order of the Court of this County. The terms will be published the day of sale.
ABRAHAM DEVENFORT, B.S.U.C.
Berkeley, March 5, 1792.
T O B E S O L D,
A H A N D S O M E
Saddle MARE.
Apply to the Printer.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
THE COUNTRY PRINTER. [Description of his Village.]
BESIDE a stream that never yet ran dry, There stands a Town not high advanc'd in fame; Tho' few its buildings, rais'd to please the eye, Still this proud title it may fairly claim; A Tavern (its first requisite) is there, A mill, a blacksmith's shop, a house of prayer.
Nay, more—a little market-house is seen, And iron hooks, where beef was never hung, Nor pork, nor bacon, poultry-fat or lean, Pig's head, a sausage link, or bullock's tongue: Look when you will, you see the vacant bench, No butcher seated there, no country wench.
Great were his aims, who first contriv'd this town; A market he would have—but, humbled now, Sighing we see its fabric mouldering down, That only serves at night to pen the cow: And hence, by way of jesting, may be said That beef is there, tho' never beef that's dead.
Abrest a shop—no tree before the door, A Printing-Office lifts its humble head, Where master TYPE old journals doth explore For news that is thro' all the village read; Who, year from year, (so cruel is his lot) Is author, pressman, devil—and what not?
Here doom'd the fortune of the press to try From year to year poor TYPE his trade pursues— With anxious care and circumspective eye He dresses out his little sheet of news; Now laughing at the world, now looking grave, At once the Muse's midwife—and her slave.
TO BE SOLD, A SMALL PLANTATION,
Situated about two miles from Shepherd's-Town: It contains 96 acres, 27 of which are cleared, has a log dwelling house thereon, is well timbered, to- lerably well inclosed, and has a never failing spring running through a part of it. For terms of sale, apply to the Subscriber.
JOSIAH THORNBOROUGH.
Fb. 28, 1792.
WHEREAS on the fourth instant, I passed my Bonds to Mr. John Littlejohn, in three annual payments, for four hundred and three pounds, currency, for the payment of part of Henry Cookus, deceased's property, sold by a decree of Berkeley Court, and as I objected to execute said Bonds before, I was peace- ably possessed of said property, and as I have not since been put in possession of only part, and that Christian Orndorff claims the property I purchased by a contract in said Cookus's life time, and has since the said sale obtained a supersedeas from the Chancellor, to have another hearing, this is to fore- warn all person or persons from taking an assignment on said Bonds, as I am determined not to pay any part thereof, until I am quietly possessed of the property for which I passed said Bonds.
ABRAHAM SHEPHERD.
Shepherd's-Town, Feb. 28, 1792.
SETTLE—IF YOU DON'T PAY.
THE Subscriber intending to close the business of TAVERN-KEEPING on the 15th day of March next, requests all persons who have accounts open with him (particularly Tavern accounts) to come in and settle the same, previous to the above date. Those who do not comply with this very reasonable request, may depend on PAYMENT being DEMANDED imme- diately after.
WILLIAM LEMEN.
Shepherd's-Town, Feb. 28, 1792.
TO BE SOLD,
A Plantation,
Whereon the Subscriber now lives, consisting of 150 acres, about 80 of which are cleared, has a good log dwelling-house, kitchen, out-houses, barn, an orchard of about 100 apple trees, &c.—It is situa- ted about 6 miles from Shepherd's-Town, and 4 from Martinsburg. For terms apply to me, living on the premises.
JAMES BLUE.
Berkeley, February 21, 1792.
NOTICE is hereby given to all those any wise in- debted to me, either by specialties or open ac- counts, that it is my most earnest desire they should make immediate payment.
The indulgence I have hitherto given has gene- rally produced ingratitude, and experience proves that most of those indebted to me, would carry their ready money to any other store than mine.— The generality of those whom I formerly ranked a- mong my best friends and customers, are guilty of the greatest impositions on my good nature and credulity—those I would remind as well as all others in arrears, that the wanton withholding from me what is justly due, and what I ought long since to have had at my own disposal, is injuring me extremely in my present vocation.—I have de- termined to take all legal methods of compelling settlements as well as payments—all persons having claims against me are desired to bring in their ac- counts, that they may be liquidated.
HENRY BEDINGER.
Shepherd's-Town, February 20th, 1792.
THE highest market prices will be given for pro- duce in goods, or discounted for debts.
BY virtue of a Decree of the Court of Berkeley , and State of Virginia , will be exposed to sale, by Public Vendue, for cash, upon the Fourteenth day of MARCH next, if fair, if not the next fair day, one third part of half an acre of Land in the town of Meclinburg known by number Twenty-five, lying on the main street, adjoining JOHN UNSELL and CATHARINE HAINS, with the Dwelling-House thereon.
SAMUEL DEVENPORT, Dep. Sheriff, (for GEORGE CUNNINGHAM, Sheriff.
February 13, 1792.
N O T I C E.
WHEREAS George Adam Collingburger passed his bond for seventy pounds, some time in Sep- tember, 1790, by my consent, in the name of Smith Slaughter , which bond I intended should discharge an execution which was then in the possession of Mr. Smith Slaughter , as deputy Sheriff for Berkeley County, which execution was due to Mr. T. Whiting , but said bond not being applied to the use de- signed, I applied to Mr. Slaughter to assign said bond to Cornelius Conaway for security for the payment of fifteen pounds, or for said Conaway to receive the a- bove-mentioned and to return said bond to me or Mr. Smith Slaughter , but after Conaway got said bond in his possession, he applied to G. A. Collingburger for the whole amount, which said Collingburger paid said Conaway about forty pounds of said bond, before my discovering his deception—I now forewarn all person or persons from taking an assignment on said bond, as I believe from Conaway's connections and his treatment to me, he will defraud some innocent person by an assignment thereof.
WILLIAM BRADY.
February 3, 1792.
N O T I C E.
WHEREAS on the 7th instant, the subscriber, did through the extortions and threats of a certain Thomas Somerset, of the State of Maryland, gave him my Note for six dollars, payable in one month from the date, but as said Note was unjust- ly obtained, and but a small part thereof due from me to the said Somerset, I hereby caution all per- sons from taking an assignment of said Note, as I am determined not to pay it.
JOHN LEE.
Shepherd's-Town, Feb. 14, 1792.
FOR SALE,
A TRACT OF LAND,
LYING on Gnatty Creek , in Harrison County, Virgi- nia , containing ONE THOUSAND ACRES. As it is presumed that no person will purchase without viewing the premises, it is needless to say more than that it was surveyed early in the settle- ment of that country, and that an indisputable title will be given and the terms of payment made easy. Any person inclined to purchase, may see the Land, by applying to Mr. JOHN STEWART, near Morgan Town , or treat with the Proprietor, living at Hager's-Town .
WILLIAM BAIRD.
12th January, 1792.
Lately Published,
And to be sold by the Printer hereof,
[Price 11d.]
AN ADDRESS
TO THE
CONVENTION
OF THE
PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH
IN
V I R G I N I A.
By the Right Rev. J. MADISON, D. D. Bishop of said Church.
N O T I C E.
WHEREAS some time in the spring of 1790, the subscriber gave a note of hand to a cer- tain Edward Carter , of this county, for twelve pounds, payable the fall following, which note has been dis- charged by me except a very small balance, but as the said Carter refuses to give up the note on pay- ment of the balance, and as I do not entertain a ve- ry favourable opinion of his rectitude and upright- ness, and being not only desirous to prompt him to discover some principles of honesty but to caution others less artful and designing against being de- frauded thereby, I hereby notify all persons from taking any assignment of said note, as I will not pay it, unless compelled thereto by law.
THOMAS FLAGG.
Berkeley County, February 21, 1792.
TO BE RENTED,
THE Ferry and part of the Plantation whereon the Subscriber now lives; those who are in- clined to rent, may know the terms by making ap- plication before the 22d day of March next, on which day (if not disposed of) it will be rented to the highest bidder, for the term of three years.
There will be sold on the same day a Negro Girl, Cows, Hogs, Sheep, a new Waggon, a quantity of Grain in the ground, Household Furniture, &c. Six months credit will be given the purchaser, upon gi- ving bond with approved security—The sale to be- gin at 10 o'clock, where attention will be given by
BENONI SWEARINGEN.
Washington County, Maryland, 20th Feb. 1792.
HARP AND CROWN TAVERN.
Florence Mahony,
MOST respectfully informs his friends and the public, that he has taken that capital and well-known TAVERN belonging to Mr. MICHAEL McKEWAN, which he has opened, having furnished it in a proper manner to receive company, as he has laid in the choicest liquors, and is determined to be unremitting in his endeavours to give general satisfaction—he flatters himself that he shall meet with encouragement from a generous public.
Wanted, an active, sober Man, as an Officer.
Martinsburg, February 21, 1792.
Whereas the Subscriber, on the 17th day of August last, bought of JACOB HOFFMAN, a lot of land in the town of Frederick Town , State of Maryland , for thirty-seven pounds ten shillings, four pounds of which I paid in hand, the remainder of said sum I gave my bond for, payable in three years, agree- able to contract, for which consideration I was to have a clear deed of said lot given by the said Hoff- man , free of all ground-rents or other incumbrances, but I have since found from good information that I have been most wantonly defrauded, as the said piece of land is but half a lot, that there is a de- mand of ten pounds now, against it for ground-rent, and for which it is now liable to be exposed at pub- lic-venue, but what is still worse than all, the said Hoffman has no right to give a title to the said part of a lot until the death of a previous heir. I there- fore, in justice to myself, as well as to caution others against being defrauded in like manner, hereby forewarn all persons from taking any assignment of said bond, as I am determined never to pay it.
JOHN LEE.
Berkeley, February 21, 1792.
TO BE SOLD A VALUABLE PLANTATION,
Situated in Berkeley County , about three miles from Martinsburg :—It contains 230 acres of as good land as any in that part of country, and well improved; 53 acres of the land is now seeded in grain, 12 of which are in wheat, and fit for meadow. There are on the premises two good Dwelling-Houses, a barn, stable, and other out-houses, an excellent well of water, which never failed, and many other advan- tages which are here unnecessary to mention. For further particulars, apply to WILLIAM CRAG- HILL, or the Printer hereof.
December 18, 1791.
A MILLER wanted at the Lick Mill.
A SINGLE MAN, of undoubted abilities, and good character as to his honesty, sobriety and industry—such a character will meet with immedia- te employ and liberal wages, by
JAMES MAXWELL
Lick Mills, 29th January, 1792.