The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1794-08-11 00:00:00

FROM THE GENERAL ADVERTISER.
SOME years ago, the State of Pennsylvania purchased from the United States, a triangular tract of land, bounded by lake Erie, part of the western boundary of New-York, and part of the northern boundary of Pennsylvania, and including Presqu'isle; at a treaty held at Muskingum, Pennsylvania purchased this same land from the Six Nation Indians. Afterwards, in Philadelphia, this purchase was ratified by some of the same Indian chiefs, all claims of the Indians extinguished, and grants of certain tracts requested and accepted from the State of Pennsylvania, by some of the Indian chiefs. Since that time Pennsylvania has sold this tract of land to various citizens, reserving Presqu'isle, and a district around it, to be laid out in a town and out lots, offering grants of lots to the first settlers before a fixed period. Last winter, a law was passed for raising some companies of soldiers for the defence of the frontiers, and authorizing the Governor to detach of the artillery company to Presqu'isle. In pursuance of his power, and the duty imposed on him, the Governor of Pennsylvania appointed commissioners to proceed to Presqu'isle, and lay out the town and town lots; and directed a detachment of artillery, soldiers and militia to accompany them, for their protection from the hostile Indians.
When the commissioners had reached Pittsburgh, on their way to Presqu'isle, and the artillery, stores, and part of the soldiers were at Le Beuf, within 14 miles of Presqu'isle, to their astonishment, the commissioners received orders from the governor, to postpone the execution of the act of assembly. One of the commissioners returned, the other proceeded with the residue of the detachment of soldiers to Le Beuf, beyond which the soldiers were forbidden to go. The governor's orders were issued at the request of the President of the United States, who assigned as the reason for his request, a dissatisfaction on the minds of the Six Nations. These savages had been assembled in council by the British at the mouth of Buffalo, and at their instigation sent messengers to the Pennsylvania troops to move away from Le Beuf, and clear off every person north and west of a certain line, which they drew on a map, a great distance within the bounds of Pennsylvania; the lands sold by themselves, and the lands of which a grant from Pennsylvania was accepted by the very same Cornplanter, (of whose great honesty and friendship we have been lately certified and shall soon have more expressive specimens) who acted as orator at the council, to proclaim the sentiments of the British, and sent the message to our commissioners and troops. Lest the Indians who carried the message should not deliver it in the manner dictated by the British, Johnson the British agent accompanied them on their way and was present, when the agents of the State of Pennsylvania were commanded to depart from its own territory. And more humiliating still, one Chapin, the agent of the United States, attended for the same purpose, doubtless to repay the complaisance which the commissioners of the United States received from the British in Canada last summer. Chapin recommends a treaty with these Indians, and the Secretary of war, to whose department all these things belong, announces a determination to hold one next September: and Timothy Pickering, I presume will be dispatched to make our friends friendly.
A few simple remarks on these matters may not be amiss.
The occupation of Presqu'isle has always been considered as essential, either for attack or defence. A post and settlement there and at Le Beuf would, with the present post and settlement at French Creek, completely bridle the Six nations, cut them off from the Western Indians, and, facilitating or creating a settlement along the Allegheny, render Westmoreland county secure, and greatly lessen our frontier line. It is no wonder therefore that the people of the Western country should be so anxious to occupy Presqu'isle, and that the legislature of Pennsylvania should have bestowed such attention to this point.
Presqu'isle with the country about it, is the property of Pennsylvania. The Federal Government has no authority whatever to restrain Pennsylvania from building a town there, nor, in a time of war as this is, from raising troops, or establishing garrisons, for the defence of her citizens. The establishment of the intended post and settlement is necessary for the defence of the citizens of Pennsylvania, and the interference of the Federal government, to controul or influence the lawful operations of the State of Pennsylvania, is altogether unjustifiable, unless on some principle of necessity arising from the general safety. This point I think well deserves the President's serious consideration.
The reason assigned by the President for his request to the Governor must be but a cover to the real motive which is rather insinuated than expressed.
fed. What can the Six nations say against our occupying Presqu'isle. They sold it to us for that purpose. It left to themselves it would be their desire to multiply places of trade along the lakes. Or if they should take offence, our occupation of that station would put us in a condition of regarding neither their friendship nor their enmity. We should be completely their masters, and they surrounded by us must either be quiet or leave the country. But now having paused, after we had begun the attempt, we gave them consequence in their own eyes, we leave them in a situation to wound us; we admit that there is some ground in their claim, and doubt of our right, we waste the time of the soldiers, and the money and preparations of the state for nothing; the Indians will expect a new treaty, a new purchase, and a new price, a great part of the county of Westmoreland and Allegheny, and perhaps of other counties, will be desolated, the crops in the ground lost, and perhaps lives lost.—I consider these as the natural consequence of the President's interference, and if they be so, I presume as far as money or force can go, he will consider a compensation due to the state of Pennsylvania.
I believe the real motive for the President's interference is an apprehension of giving offence to the British. Nothing can better prove the necessity of our occupying Presqu'isle, than the alarm at our intention. If it were not a wound to their command of the Indians, would they have called the council at Buffalo? Would they have put that speech in the mouth of Cornplanter? Would they have cast off all appearance of decency and sent on their agent to tell us to leave our own territory? That they should have done this, I wonder not, but that an agent of the United States should appear in such company, and at the desire of the Indians, go on such an errand, should become the dupe of their intrigues, and the tool of their dirty work, should adopt their language, and call as if they were vagrants by the contemptuous name of those people, public agents of Pennsylvania commissioned for a lawful and important purpose, and acting within the territory of this state, is a reflection too degrading to be long dwelt on. Let the executive of the United States consider, whether this alarm of the British has not pointed out the true line in which the war ought to be carried on. If, at the will of the British, we are to abandon one part of our territory, why not another also? The next time Fort Franklin may be demanded. Who knows but Pittsburgh may be necessary for the British trade in Canada. If the boundary of right be once transgressed, where are we to stop? And what is our independence. If we are to submit to the force of Britain, we may as well acknowledge its authority, again become colonies and unite the duty of allegiance with the power of protection.
Mr. Chapin considers himself as having saved blood, recommends another treaty, and more presents. I doubt not—All that class of people, Indian interpreters and Indian agents, magnify their services and make representations to render themselves necessary. If no occasions were courted to render treaties and talks necessary, these people might be dispensed with. Every occasion is therefore seized to state some discontent, tumult, or threatening among the Indians, which must be quieted by a talk from them, a present through their hands, or a treaty through their procurement, in which they must assist. I verily believe we should have less trouble with the Indians, if we had no such men as Indian agents, or superintendents. But of all absurdities this appears to me the greatest, that the infraction of one treaty should be considered as a reason for another. Nothing can be more solemn and conclusive, than was the concession of this land to Pennsylvania by the same Indians who now claim it. What is another treaty then to be for? Must Pennsylvania buy the land over again?—I have no doubt that the Indians will procure treaties, purchases, presents and prices every year, if we teach them, that they are to be had, by expressing dissatisfaction, and disclaiming a contract. Instead of a treaty if the executive of the United States would order a detachment of troops or militia to join the troops of Pennsylvania, to establish a fort and settlement at Presqu'isle, we shall soon see the Six Nations quiet enough, our frontier would be better protected than ever it was, the influence of the British over the Indians would be broken in upon, and a better foundation would be laid for a termination of the Indian war and a permanent peace, than will ever be effected by the circuitous route now pursued.
SPANISH OFFICIAL ACCOUNT, OF THE RETREAT OF THE SPANISH FORCES OUT OF ROUSILLON.
[TRANSLATED FOR THE GENERAL ADVERTISER.]
From a Madrid Gazette of May 13, received at New-York by the ship Columbus in 53 days from Cadiz.
MADRID, May 13.
Extract of a letter from Count de L'Union, commander in chief of the Roussillon army, to his excellency the duke d'Alcudia, dated Figueras, May 3, communicating the particulars of his retreat from Roussillon, in which his talents, military science, his activity and presence of mind have shone conspicuously.
IN my letter of yesterday I communicated to you an account of two attacks, which took place and which we repelled gloriously on the 28th and 29th of last month: of the formidable forces with which the enemy appeared to intend renewing it, and that in a council of the generals a retreat was unanimously determined on.
But the enemy having attacked and carried this morning the post of la Trompette, commanded by generals prince of Monforte and Don Alphonso de Arias, it became indispensable to hasten it, the moment I received advice of it at Ceret, to avoid the army's being cut off. We succeeded, notwithstanding the extent of ten leagues to cover, in effecting it with incredible celerity.
I ordered that from the bridge of Ceret, unto Murrallas, the forces should form a cordon to cover the transportation of the artillery and camp equipage, which passing by the rear division was to take the only narrow pass of Murrallas, at the foot of the Pyrenees, bordering on Roussillon. I also made proper arrangements to attack and take the necessary posts, and drive the enemy, cost what it might, as often as they should be found on our line of march or on the road of the defile of Portel; having given the command of the right or van-guard to generals Marquis de las Amarillas, Baron de Kessel, and Don D. Izquierdo; that of the center, composed of Portuguese troops to Field marshals Don A. Noronha and Don F. Noronha; and that of the left or rear-guard to Lieut. Gen. Don Pedro Mendirneta, and to Field marshals Don Jos. Moncada and Count de Menido; having kept with me the Quarter-master Don Thomas de Moria, the commandant of artillery Don Joseph Autran and the chief engineer Don Antonio Sopena.
It is indubitable that this plan of retreat would have made all safe, had it not been for the cowardice of the drivers, who cut their traces and either took with them or let loose a number of the mules, overturning the carriages, which formed so many obstructions in the road, no doubt to justify their conduct; and in this situation it was necessary to abandon the greatest part of them [the artillery and magazines]. Such articles as could be transported upon the backs of mules have been saved; the provisions were burnt, the ammunition set fire to; the sick were saved, the military chest also and such of the camp equipage as had been sent off before hand, as well as the magazines of Junquera, and the remainder of the Bellegarde artillery; that of Rosas is removing, as well as the hospitals and all that was in the lower part of Lampourdan.
I ordered, at the same time the garrisons of the heights of Vallespir to retreat by St. Laurent de Cerda and Masanet, and rendezvous at the foundry of St. Laurent de la Muga, which was skilfully executed by the Portuguese Lieut. Gen. Don John Forbes.
The forces which defended the Post of Boulo under the command of Field Marshals Don John M. Vibes and Don Ant. Cornelli formed a junction with those of Ceret, having been able to effect their retreat in part only through Murrallas, as I had ordered, it being the shortest route, and owing to the distance of the advanced posts a battalion of Spanish guards, one of Burgo and part of one of Valence were cut off, though Vibes made every exertion to prevent it.
Those three battalions were few in number, and some soldiers having escaped, they may be reckoned at not more than 600 men taken prisoners. As it was impossible for me to be at the retreat of Trompette, I enclose a copy of the particulars which I received from the commanding officer, Prince de Monforte.
I also gave orders to Field Marshal Don Eugenio Navarro, who commanded Argeles, Collioure, Port Vendre and Banols to evacuate the first of those posts in order to preserve the others, and to seize an early opportunity to send by the aforementioned defile the 500 cavalry he had under him, with orders to join me at St. Ferdinand de Figueras, before they were cut off. This junction was successfully effected.
As soon as it shall be in my power I shall send an account of the killed, wounded and missing.
I should be wanting in my duty if I omitted making honorable mention of the conduct of the generals, officers, and soldiers. His majesty may be assured, that I firmly believe it is impossible to exceed

that was performed by so small a number of men, scattered over ten leagues of country, having one road to retreat by, and no other pass but the craggy heights of the Pyrenees, against a numerous enemy, at an hour favourable to the assailants (8 in the morning) and the enemy within musket shot at the moment of retreat, besides the advantages, by bye-paths, to cut the route by which we were forced to proceed.
Lieut. gen. Don P. Mendinista and Field mar- shal Don Jn. Michael Vibes, kept the enemy suc- cessfully in check with the rear guard, Prince de Monso te and Don Alphonzo de Marias who com- manded at Trompete did their utmost to support the honor of the king's arms, and their detachment gave way to superior numbers only.
From the examination I made of the defile of Por- tel I concluded, with the other generals, that it was best not to establish a post there. I only left there a small detachment to protect the assembling of the missing and observe the enemy narrowly. I retired with the remainder to the neighbourhood of this place; under which for its protection as well as to assemble the different corps, organize them and give them some rest I intend to encamp to-mor- row.
That the king may be acquainted with the pre- sent situation of his army, in defending the forty leagues of country confided to its protection, I will state to you in a few words that from Aragon to Vinch we occupy the same country that the army did when I took the command of it, that at the foun- dry of St. Ferdinand de la Muga, defile of Portel, Bellegarde, Espolla, defile of Banols and Rosas. I have established posts with forces if not equal to the task of complete defence, at least such as I could dispose of and that the remainder of the army is here for the purposes afore mentioned. So that the enemy are now in Roussillon and the king yet holds there Collioure, port Vendre, Banols and Bellegarde.
DOMESTIC OCCURRENCES.
PORTLAND, July 19.
Yesterday arrived here a gentleman from New- bury-port, who left there Wednesday—he informs that the day before he left there, a vessel arrived there from Europe, after a short passage—coming down channel, he passed the English fleet, having four ships of the line in tow; a little time after he passed the French fleet, superior in number. Same day arrived there a brig from Martinico, Captain Poor, who left there admiral Jervis—Jervis had re- ceived the account of the French fleet's arrival and capture of Guadalupe, and was under great appre- hensions of them, as his ships were thinly manned, and Capt. Poor informs, that 70 died in a day on board the fleet.
BOSTON, July 26.
Capt. Barney, who was appointed to the com- mand of one of the Frigates, ordered to be built, has declined accepting the commission; and has sailed for France, with strong recommendations from THE PRESIDENT of the United States and the French Minister, to a command in the Navy of that Re- public.
Companies for the defence of the sea coast are forming in England, one third to be armed with muskets, the other with pikes, eight feet long, a la Francaise .
This State's quota of the 80,000 minute men, are in general drafted.
By a gentleman who left Ostend the 24th of May, and whose veracity is unquestionable, we are in- formed, that of 1500 recruits which had arrived at that place from Ireland a few days previous to the late severe action in Flanders, only a few escaped of the whole number which had been immediately dispatched to join the Duke of York upon their first arrival.
Our informant lodged in a house at Ostend with two officers who were in the action with the rest of the recruits, and who declared that the residue, to the amount above mentioned, were either killed or taken prisoners; so great has been the havoc a- mong these unfortunate victims of royal pride in that destructive battle.
WALPOLE, July 18.
A Rutland paper states, that it is reported by a gentleman of veracity from Canada, that the Indi- ans frequently visit Governor Simcoe, with scalps of the citizens of the United States; that the Go- vernor, for the encouragement of the business, has offered a guinea a piece for them, and has actually purchased 15 at that rate! That no business can be done by the agents for lands in Canada, and that on the British frontier, they were repairing and forti- fying their garrisons, and raising men to man them.
NEW-YORK, July 30.
Extract of a letter from Niagara, Upper Canada, dated July 4th.
"We are in daily expectation of hearing some- thing being done betwixt Gen. Wayne and the con- federate Indians, as there are great numbers of the latter come beyond the Michimakinac, to reinforce those already acting against the former. There is some noise at present among the Six Nations, owing to the Americans building a fort near Presqu'isle; a party was sent to order them off, but they refused
going—Gen. Chapin went along with them, and when they came to the Fort, they fired their cannon and all their small arms by way of a salute, and the same when departing. They have returned and are now holding a council at Buffalo Creek. Most people think they will go and reduce it by force—a thing so near our seat of Government must be pro- ductive of some serious events—perhaps too serious. Our Fort at the Miami, is almost built, and the dou- ble line at this Fort comes on very well; there are 100 men daily employed on the Fortifications, and the Queen's Rangers are crossing over from York, (a town in Upper Canada). There are 2 battalions to be raised, 1 in Lower and 1 in Upper Canada, and all the regiments in the country are recruiting."
We are just informed, that the Spaniards have left Fort Dauphin, in Hispaniola, and that there are letters received in this city, that confirm the re- port.
July 31. On examining the current report of the day, that an insurrection, or something like it has appeared in Canada, we find it comes from a very popular source. The late proclamation of the Governor suppressing seditious publications, and the association for the support of government, re- cently published, are evidences that such an event is apprehended.
A report comes this day from a respectable quar- ter, which we insert as we received it—That the Perdix, a French sloop of war, has arrived at the Hook—That about 7 or 8 days ago she attacked and captured after a severe engagement an English letter of marque of 36 guns, bound from Liverpool to this port with coal—the Perdix losing 10 men and the letter of marque 24. The letter of marque is sent into Boston.
We hear from the same quarter that 3 French ships of the line and 14 frigates are on our coast.
A vessel is arrived in 14 days from St. Thomas's, but she brings no material news, except that the English had sustained some loss at Guadalupe on the 4th July.
The Empress of Russia has offered the Jews, that if they will collect for her 30 millions of pounds they will guarantee the holy land to them, where they might build their temple, agreeably to their expec- tation grounded on the 8th chapter of Zachariah."
A passenger in the ship Columbus 53 days from Cadiz, informs that on the 14th May, a Spanish fleet of 13 ships of the line and 6 frigates sailed from Cad- iz, supposed to intercept the French convoy from the Chesapeake; 1000 men were pressed in 1 night to man this fleet. He informs also that the Span- iards have a perfect knowledge of the shipments on board of the Chesapeake fleet to the number of bar- rels of flour. He saw and conversed with Captain Burnham, who was redeemed and lately released from Algiers, who informs that our prisoners at Al- giers are treated with great cruelty. Capt. Burn- ham was indebted for his release to the mediation of the commander of a Dutch man of war; without whose mediation 4000 dollars would not have been accepted for his redemption.
The crops in Spain are abundant. A temporary sterility of European news actually exists—our readers must therefore console them- selves by realizing the adage, "no news is good news." The Indian accounts wear a hostile as- pect—thanks to the Lord's anointed! The West-India accounts contradict our last; are favourable, and are said to be authentic.
Intelligence from a Bahama Gazette, received by the Schooner Nancy Capt. Elliott arrived at Philadelphia, in ten days from New Providence.
NASSAU, (N. P.) June 20.
This morning arrived here the Schooner Port-au- Prince packet, Capt. Dell, sent express from Port- au-Prince with intelligence of the surrender of that important place, with an immense property in ship- ping and merchandise, to his Majesty's forces.
PHILADELPHIA, August 1.
The western mail, arrived in town yesterday by anticipation, brings no account of fresh disturbances in opposition to the excise. The Pittsburgh paper of July 26, contains, a notice signed Robert John- son, in which he states, that finding opposition to excise more violent than he expected, and from a more respectable quarter than he imagined, he has thought it his duty to resign his commission.
The same paper contains a piece under a ficti- tious signature, reflecting on the conduct of John Reed, for his compliance with the law, and his not turning out in the late disturbances, denouncing vengeance on those who shall not turn out to ob- struct the execution of the excise and thereby obtain a repeal thereof, at the next alarm.
This piece was posted on a tree near John Reed's distillery, and concludes with a threat that his dis- tillery shall be burnt unless he causes the same to be published in the Pittsburgh Gazette. There it is published by him in consequence of that threat.
To the piece the following P. S. is subjoined:— "To prevent a great deal of trouble, it will be ne- cessary to repeal the excise law and lay a direct tax on all located and patented land in the United States."
The Gazette also contains a notice signed by John Neville, informing that a considerable sum in certi- ficates was in his house when burnt by the rioters, cautioning against receiving them, and requesting, if in the hands of an honest man, that they be re- turned. A number of bonds and notes he menti- ons as in the same situation.
Since writing the above we find, that we placed too much reliance on the silence of the Pittsburgh
paper. We now learn, that though, as we have stated above, no new excises have been committed, except stopping and taking a number of letters out of the mail from Pittsburg, matters are far from be- ing settled. Numerous parties are active in search- ing for persons obnoxious to the opposers of the ex- cise.
The General Advertiser of this morning informs, that the Post-rider to and from Pittsburg, has been stopped by the rioters at the weisward, and letters taken from the mail, in order to discover who are friends and enemies to the excise law—any remit- tances that might be found in them, the Advertiser says, would be safely returned; the same paper then adds—
Not a whisper is heard in the country around a- gainst the opposers of excise, and it is even said, that many of the influential men are open in their decla- ration in favor of the unwarrantable measure pur- sued by those people. Major Lenox and Gen. Ne- ville had left Pittsburg, and proceeded down the ri- ver.
The mail which last went from this place will pro- bably be stop't and searched for the government's orders, issued in consequence of the first intelligence of the riots.
Extract of a letter from St. Eustatius, dated July 12.
A British frigate, now laying off this road, brings an account of Lord Howe having, on the 24th of May last, fallen in with the French fleet, and fought them 3 days, during which he took 6 sail of the line, and sunk 5. The British had 3 of the line sunk, and that when the advice came away, there continued a general engagement. This must cause something decisive in Europe we hope, and help to bring about an honorable peace. Point Petre is still in possession of the French, and likely to conti- nue so.
The British are in possession of posts, from which they are determined to destroy the town and ship- ping, if they do not surrender, which will not be the case, as in all their battles they have fought with incredible valour: they have only to fear their be- ing, through want of necessaries, obliged to give up. Water they have already lost possession of, the wa- tering place being taken by them.
The Gazette of the United States denies that the government of the United States has attempted to enforce the excise by rigorous means, and the late outrages near Pittsburg are attributed to its lenity. Both are causes of the disgraceful proceedings in that quarter. The law was suffered to remain un- executed in that part of the country for a considera- ble length of time, till a full belief was induced of its not being obnoxious; in consequence of which the system was at the last session of the legislature extended to other articles; and now, just at a time when the Federal executive has impolitically if not un- constitutionally suspended the execution of a law of the state necessary to the protection of the frontier, processes are issued against the infringers of the ex- cise, and by the fruitless employment of a military force the minds of people are irritated. Such has been the conduct of government, and as such it must strike the mind of every impartial person as impo- litic and imprudent in the highest degree. The Ga- zette in the same paragraph throws out an illiberal reflection on our Western Brethren, perfectly cha- racteristic of the spirit of that paper. Alleghany County is called a wilderness. A pretty wilderness indeed, where 1000 men in 12 hours can muster in arms on an occasion, which, it is to be hoped, must not be considered as calling forth even a majority of the inhabitants capable of military duty.
August 3. Capt. Hampton arrived at Wilming- ton, in 18 days from St. Kitts, brings an account of the repulse of the English from Point Petre, on the 4th of July, as follows:
On their approach. Gen. Sims, their commander, summoned the fort to surrender, and received for an- swer, that "the French had engraved on their arms "victory or death," and were determined to support the motto." Gen Sims then ordered the charge to be made with fixed bayonets. But, by the springing of a mine by the French, he was re- pulsed with the loss of 100 privates and 29 officers, and finally obliged to evacuate the island.
Capt. H. confirms the account of the Chesapeake fleet being joined by several sail of the line from Brest and of their safe arrival in France.
The correspondence between the American secre- tary of state and the British minister, on the subject of mutual grievances, appears to be drawn to a close, and it has concluded as all transactions of the kind usually do; the party who has the least to say by way of attack or on the defensive, concludes (when he has said all he can possibly say) with tel- ling his adversary, that he shall say no more, assur- ing him at the same time that his impressions re- main exactly the same as before the correspondence. One good, however, has arisen from the present; it has informed the American mind of the extent of the injuries the nation has sustained, and no doubt determined every patriot not to shrink from our just demands.
We are daily amused with fabricated accounts, said to come from various quarters, but in reality originating among us, on the subject of British po- licy towards the United States. We are now as- sured that the administration of that country will undoubtedly make restitution for the property cap- tured in consequence of their orders. No, No!— British pride is not at so low an ebb—and they ne- ver authorised plunder with an intention to refund. Their policy has been to weaken us by rapine and soothe us with words; and words are the only coin we shall be paid in; when they will no longer do, they will commence open hostilities, and this crisis does not appear at any great distance.

The following is said to be a statement of the captures from the convoy under La Concorde, bound from the Delaware to France.
By the Resolution, 1 merchant ship.
Thetis, 5 do. Argonaut, 4 do. L'Oiseau, 5 do. Africa, 1 do.
16
Exclusive of a sloop of war taken by the Oiseau.
The Wilmington paper of Saturday last, contains an account of the arrival there of the Larke from New Orleans, said to have on board patrid hides , and to have lost two hands by the yellow fever, which were buried since her arrival in Wilmington, that disorder raging in New Orleans when she failed. This paper also contains a caution against the introduction of these hides into Philadelphia.
Extract of a letter, dated Cape-Nicholas-Mole, July 11.
"You are now to learn that the English have taken Port-au-Prince; I look upon you as very happy to be under the dominion of the English. The inhabitants who are under that of the Spanish are really to be pitied. Their conduct towards the unhappy colonists is abominable. Would you believe, that at Port-Dauphin they sell frequently our negroes at thirty or forty dollars a piece."
"We learnt yesterday that the brigands at La Charbonier had been attacked by the English. They would not surrender. They were vigorously attacked, and after a feeble resistance, they solicited pardon and laid down their arms—but all in vain—they are no more—not one was spared."
"The quarter of Bombarde, asks daily to be admitted to a surrender; but as they have already revolted, and as they have had the baseness to hoist the tri-coloured flag, the English will not let them, and tell them that the moment is not yet arrived to attack them. The Commandant of this post receives daily application from them. I presume however, that he will accept at length of their surrender upon terms of mercy, that quarter being very necessary for furnishing the town with fresh provisions, of which it is really in great want."
The Editor is assured from an AUTHENTIC QUARTER, that the prospects of success of the army under Gen. Wayne, are good—that his force, in well disciplined troops, is respectable, exceeding considerably the numbers stated in the newspapers. That there is the highest probability, that he will be joined by nearly all the mounted volunteers requested from Kentucky, amounting to two thousand—that his provisions are abundant, and the means of transportation probably adequate.
The following extracts transmitted to the Editor by an obliging correspondent, contain much interesting matter.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Glasgow to his friend in Philadelphia, dated May 7.
"Trade is very bad, and bankruptcies still continue too frequent thro' this, and all the other trading towns of the kingdom, to let the people be fully employed—of course many are insisting as soldiers, and thousands would emigrate to America, if they had wherewith to pay their passage. I am afraid, bad as trade is, our manufacturers will destroy the Scots mouselin trade entirely, for, from the sale of goods even, though the raw materials are rising, our spinners of cotton, now draw the cotton yarn far past the grist, so that wool which ought to have been spun in No. 20, is now spun into 36 and 40—of course cotton yarns drawn past the grist, must make very bad wearing mouselins; and fix a bad character on the Scots mouselins."
Extract of a letter from Edinburgh, dated May 16.
"There should be a society in America to give a bounty to such as import mechanism or mechanical machinery from Europe, or a deduction on the tonnage duty of the ship to such as bring mechanics."
"Nothing answers better in Britain than advertising in your papers for workmen of any branch, and sending several of the news papers over by the Captain. Nothing indeed can be a more agreeable present to friends in Britain, than American newspapers."
Extract of a letter from Leith, dated May 3.
"The Providence, Capt. Martin, an American vessel, carries about 108 passengers, and could have got 300 if she had chosen to take them. I wonder such ships are not lent to Leith from New-York or Philadelphia, properly fitted up for passengers—they might always depend on plenty from this port. The Providence could have had double the goods to carry upon freight."
Extract of a letter, dated Manchester, May 11.
"The government of this country do all they can to discourage people going to America. It is said they have paid the expences and given 10l. per annum for life to some weavers to go out, and return, and say they could not get weaving in America. They, I doubt, have a secret grudge at the liberty America enjoys, and if they are successful against the French, I fear your country will also feel their vengeance. If the weavers of this place once knew that there was sufficient encouragement in America, they would flock to it in great numbers, as trade is very bad here and taxes still increasing. The ministry have borrowed 11 millions, for which they have given bond to the amount of 18 millions, and to repay 18 millions when they pay it back. Add to this that there is raised within the year 22 millions, in all 40 millions to be spent in one campaign. I leave you to judge then if the people complain without cause of being improperly taxed."
The public mind appears to be greatly and justly solicitous to receive accounts from Europe. Intelligence to the middle of June would probably be very important—We might expect the result of the late naval engagement—the fate of the Chesapeake convoy—the situation of Lord Hood's fleet in the Mediterranean—the state of affairs on the frontiers of Spain—details of the numerous battles in Flanders—and the posture of affairs in that quarter—the progress of the new revolution in Poland—the consequences of the conspiracy in Sweden—the effect of the armed neutrality of Sweden and Denmark.
The state of politics between Russia and the Turks—in Paris—and London—particularly the consequences of the suspension of the Habeas Corpus in England—and the committal of sundry persons to prison—and, what is specially interesting to the people of the United States, the arrival of Mr. JAY, his reception, and prospects.
On all these subjects conjecture would fire but random shots—Time will soon satisfy curiosity.
Gaz. U. S.
NORFOLK, July 28.
Extract of a letter from a person in Guadeloupe, who had been with the army besieging Point Pierre, to his friend in this Island, dated July 5.
"The French attacked our different posts, but paid dear for their presumption, leaving, in killed and wounded, 400 men, the loss on our side were 20. Our 5 batteries having been completed, were playing incessantly on the fort, when an order was given to march 700 men to storm the town. The French having intelligence of this (I suppose from some rascals, who had joined us for that purpose) brought one of their frigates near shore, and landed a number of men from the other vessels; their whole force, of all descriptions of persons, amounted to 300 men, which waited the assault. They kept the greatest silence, and did not fire a shot until our men got in the town, when the frigate and companies stationed in the streets and avenues, with wall pieces, loaded with langrage and grape shot, commenced a most tremendous fire, which was morally impossible to withstand. We were obliged to retreat, leaving 12 officers and near 400 soldiers and sailors killed and wounded; the inhuman enemy stabbing those who had been shot, that they found life in."
"We drew off our guns from the battery they were in, and joined our troops in the town below. The French are hemm'd in on all sides."
[Copy of a letter.]
Gibraltar, May 22, 1794.
Dear Sir,
Your much esteemed favour of the 10th current, I duly received, and am sorry to learn that you intend going passenger on board the American ship Columbus, bound to New-York.
We have just received intelligence here from Algiers, that their cruizers sailed the first of April, consisting of 7 vessels, 1 ship of 44 guns, 3 Xebecs of 32, two of 28 guns, one brig of 16, and a polacre mounting the same; we are in hopes they will not attempt to go out of the straits, but God only knows what will be the consequence, as their force somewhat exceeds that of the Portuguese. I remain, in wishing you a happy and agreeable passage,
Dear Sir, your most humble servant.
JAMIR TOLEDANO.
Arrived at Cadiz, the 24th May, from Algiers, Capt. Brunham, late of New-York, having obtained his ransom for the sum of 4000 Spanish milled dollars; said gentleman confirms the contents of the within letter, that the Algerine fleet absolutely failed the first of April on a cruise.
GEORGE-TOWN, August 5.
LIBERTY OF THE PRESS.
The celebrated Dr. Ramsay, in his oration delivered 4th July last, has the following passage:
"Pardon me, illustrious WASHINGTON! that I have inwardly rejoiced on seeing thy much respected name abused in our newspapers. Slanders against thy adamantine character, are as harmless as pointless arrows shot from broken bows; but they prove that our printing presses are free."
The Editors are happy to have it in their power to present their readers with the following receipt to cure the present prevailing disorder the Flux;
Take of rough peruvian bark—1 oz. do Rhubarb—1 dram. two nutmegs.
Bruise them, but not to powder, and put the ingredients into two quarts of water, evaporate it over a gentle fire until only a pint remains; sweeten it with loaf sugar.
Take a table-spoonful every hour until an alteration is perceptible, and repeat it every day 'till the patient is well.
ALEXANDRIA, August 7.
On the subject of indemnification a paragraphist in a Boston paper remarks, that after the British have paid their subsidy to the king of Prussia, discharged the expences of the present war, and indemnified the French, it remains a doubt whether there will be much left for the poor Americans, unless France will spare a little out of their dividend as a compensation for our liberalities towards them during their contest.
The ship Mary, Buchanan, and the brig Polly, Hamilton, of this port, are said to be among the vessels captured out of the Delaware convoy.
MARTINSBURG, AUGUST 11, 1794.
By several gentlemen who arrived here on Wednesday evening from Lexington, (Kentucky) and who left it the 18th ult. we were informed, that the late detachment of Gen. Scott's volunteers marched on the 16th, and the General followed on the 17th. No action had taken place between Gen. Wayne's army and the Indians since the attacks made on Fort Recovery the 30th June and 1st July, as related in a former paper, neither was any expected until the army moved forward, which it was supposed would be the first operation after the arrival of the volunteers.
Our Philadelphia papers, which are up to the 5th inst. make no mention of any measures taken by the executive of the United States, to crush the violent and alarming opposition made to the excise act in the vicinity of Pittsburg.
A letter from Cincinnati, dated June 26, says,— "Great preparations are making in this quarter to end the war with the Indians this year. General Scott is expected from Kentucky with 2000 volunteers. General Wayne with the regular force is at Greenville; it is said they were to march, by the first of next month, but as the volunteers have not arrived, it is probable the army will not move before the 20th or last of the month—where they are then to go, or what to do, we know not. General Wayne will probably from every account which I can get, be able to take along 14 or 1500 regulars; the Indian army, we are told, are on the Omeec, consisting of 2000 red savages and 1500 white ones under Col. Simcoe; what may be the end we leave you to guess, but much bloodshed is pretty certain."
A late letter from Montreal, Lower Canada, says, "Our prison is beginning to be crowded with suspected persons."
It is a fact, says a Boston paper, that an American vessel which was adjudicated in the West Indies in violation of the principles of neutrality, adopted by the government of the United States, has arrived in that harbour under British colours, and consigned to a merchant in that town. This is a circumstance of a very interesting nature, both as it respects our neutrality and the claims of our citizens on the British government.
Upon the principles of neutrality, upon which the security of our commerce is pledged by our government, is it not a high indignity offered us as a sovereign nation, not only to condemn our vessels, but to add to the provocation by stripping them of their national flag, and sending them into our ports under British colours? To deprive our own seamen of their own property, turn them on shore destitute of every means of support, and in their stead place a number of British sailors on board; and thus equipped, enter our ports to dispose of a cargo piratically taken from our citizens? Where is the American that does not feel an indignation at such conduct?
THE partnership of JOSEPH and JOSHUA RIDDLE, has been dissolved by mutual consent, all persons indebted to said firm will please pay their respective balances to JOSEPH RIDDLE.
JOSEPH RIDDLE, JOSHUA RIDDLE.
AS my situation will not admit of being often in Martinsburg, I do hereby empower Mr. WILLIAM RIDDLE to receive and pass receipts for all debts due said firm; I would also beg leave to inform the debtors, that such as do not come forward and pay off their respective debts, may expect suits to commence against them in two months from this date.
JOSEPH RIDDLE.
Martinsburg, August 1, 1794.
PAY YOUR TAXES.
ALL persons indebted to me for Taxes, are hereby notified, that I this day commence my collection, and earnestly request every one within my district to be prepared to discharge the same, as no indulgence can or will be given.
GABRIEL HAYS.
Berkeley County, August 11, 1794.
V E N D U E.
On FRIDAY, the 29th of AUGUST, instant, At ten o'clock, Will be sold by public vendue, at the plantation of the subscriber,
Wheat, Rye, and Oats, lately stacked, horses, cows, hogs, stoves, mens' and womens' saddles, and several other articles too tedious to mention. A reasonable credit will be given, on bond with approved security.
WILLIAM MAXWELL.
August 11, 1794.
WANTED, by the Printer hereof, A sober, industrious JOURNEYMAN, to whom good wages will be given.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
SLANDER.
ETERNAL fury hold thy cursed tongue, So quick, so sharp, so loote, so loud, so long, That neither neighbours, friends or foes, Can be at ease, when e'er it goes; Dead thunder is a much less frightful noise, Drums, guns, and bells are music to thy voice; The pillory which the perjur'd villain fears, Cannot be half so uneasy to the ears. Nor is the aching head's vexatious pain, Near as tormenting to a sickly brain— Then Lord defend and keep my ears secure, From that d—d plague that none but death can cure.
I HAVE many small debts due me, which I fear I cannot collect without legal means, I therefore give notice, that on the first day of next month, I shall sue such as do not make payment previous to that time. A number of notes have been assigned to me by Messrs. Paul Verrier and Robert Cochran, on which I can give no indulgence after that time.
DAVID HUNTER.
Martinsburg, August 2, 1794.
WANTED TO PURCHASE,
Six large young COWS, of the best breed for milk. Also, Six Ewes of a large breed, for which a generous price will be paid in cash. Application to be made to the Printer.
Martinsburg, August 4, 1794.
HAGER'S-TOWN RACES.
ON Wednesday the 17th day of September next, will be run for, over a handsome course adjoining the town, a PURSE of FIFTY POUNDS free for any horse, mare or gelding, the four mile heats, aged horses carrying 126 pounds weight, with addition of seven pounds for every year under age. And on Thursday the 18th, will be run for, over the same course, another PURSE of TWENTY-FIVE POUNDS, the three mile heats, free and carrying weight as aforesaid, the winning horse of the preceding day only excepted. The horses to be entered with Jonathan Hager and George Shaul; and entrance (one shilling in the pound) paid the day preceding each race, or double at the post. No person will be permitted to ride without being dressed in a silk jacket and jockey cap. Four horses to start each day, or no race. Persons will be appointed as judges, and purses paid by
JONATHAN HAGER, GEORGE SHAULL.
Hager's Town, July 21, '94.
TO THE PUBLIC.
WHEREAS my husband, George Tabler, did, in this paper, of Monday last, caution all persons from crediting any one on his account, without his written or personal approbation, and presuming that advertisement was levelled at me, in consequence of my being absent from him, I beg leave to state the unfortunate cause which at present separates us and leave an impartial public to judge whether I am, or am not, an injured woman. Some short time since, my son was about to marry a woman who then had another husband living—feeling as a mother ought to feel (and a father too, had he not lost his senses) I opposed the design, as far as in my power lay; notwithstanding which, my son, by art, obtained the approbation of his father, and they were married; soon after, my son with this abandoned and shameless woman came home, when almost immediately my husband, son and his guilty wife, began abusing me, and through the influence the two latter had with the former, he beat me, and drove me from the house; I then took shelter on our other plantation, but he there followed me and drove me off, and not only keeps me away, without any subsistence from him whatever, but is wasting the property we mutually laboured to obtain; these are truths, and the cause of our separation, and I call upon George Tabler to deny them if they are not so.
CATHARINE TABLER.
August 4, 1794.
Cash given for clean Cotton and Linen RAGS, at the Printing-Office.
Good encouragement will be given to a person who will collect Rags.
Fisher and Cole,
Book-Sellers, Book-Binders, and Stationers,
Three doors West of Yates and Campbell's Vendue Store, Market Street,
BALTIMORE,
RESPECTFULLY inform their Friends, and the Public in general, that they have lately established a Book and Stationary Store in BALTIMORE, and humbly solicit the patronage of a generous public, whose favours they will endeavour to merit.
They are now assorted with Books on every subject in polite literature; among the many valuable new publications they have now on hand, are the following.
   Dol. Ct.     Paine's works, compleat in 1 vol. 2 0   American Biography, 1st volume, to be continued, } 1 50   Moore's Travels, 2 vols. 8 do. 3 50   Do. Journal in France, 2 vol. 12mo. 1 75   Morse's Geography, elegant, 2 vols. 8do. 4 50   Do.—sheep bound, } 3 50   Do.—abridged for use of schools, } 1 0   Pindar's works, 2 vols.   Compleat letter writer.   Love and Gibson's Surveyings.   Williams' Letters on the French Revolution.  
A L S O,
Folio, Quarto, Royal, Octavo and Duodecimo Bibles, School Books of all kinds, a new edition of the common prayer for the Protestant Episcopal Church, price from 6/6 to 35/. and a great variety of history, divinity, medicine, philosophy, chemistry, novels, &c. &c. too numerous to be contained in a news-paper.
Orders from the country gentlemen shall be carefully attended to. They expect in a few days, a new and elegant edition of Sturband's Military Discipline, &c. with copper plates.
Now in the Press, and speedily will be published, By FISHER and COLE, A Pamphlet, entitled.
PROSPECTS ON WAR AND PAPER CURRENCY,
The first American edition, By THOMAS PAINE, author of Rights of Man, Common Sense, &c. &c.
Baltimore, July 21, 1794.
3m.
ALL Persons are hereby cautioned against cutting wood and otherwise making waste and trespass on my land near Opeckon Bridge; and such persons as have already fell timber on the same and have not taken it away, are forewarned not to remove it, as I am determined to prosecute every person who shall be found trespassing in any manner on the said premises.
ROBERT CUSICK.
JULY 26, 1794.
WHEREAS SELAGH, the wife of the Subscriber, has eloped from my bed and board, and otherwise conducted herself imprudently; I therefore forewarn all persons from crediting or dealing with her on my account, as I am determined to pay no debt of her contracting after this date.
HENRY SNIDER.
JULY 25, 1794.
HUGH BLACK,
Sign of the Ship, MARTINSBURG, INFORMS his Friends and the Public, that he has taken the public house formerly occupied by Mr. Christian Smith, where gentlemen, travellers and others, may be entertained with every necessary they may require. He hopes from his attention to his business to merit general approbation.
JULY 26, 1794.
TAKE NOTICE,
THAT after this date, I will pay no debts that shall be contracted by any person, in my name, without my personal or written approbation. GEORGE TABLER.
JULY 21, 1794.
TO BE RENTED,
For the term of TEN YEARS, The SAW-MILL, TUB-MILL and PLANTATION, belonging to the Subscriber, situated on a branch of Back Creek, about 14 miles from Martinsburg and 6 from Middletown; there are about 40 acres of the land cleared, which is to be rented with the Mills. A plenty of pine and black walnut timber lies adjacent to the mill, and can be procured on easy terms. The first year's rent must be paid in hand, and the remainder in annual payments. For further particulars, apply on the premises to
THOMAS SHARP.
JULY 14, 1794.
LANDS FOR LANDS.
TO be disposed of, Four Hundred Acres of Land (called Mahon's) lying on Buffaloe-creek, Monongalia County, upon which there are upwards of 40 acres of the best meadow, a good mill seat and spring, and the land equal to any on the Western waters.
Three hundred and eighty-four acres adjoining, below, on same creek, a large proportion of meadow, and a good spring, the upland equal, which is held by settlement right, and a general warrantee will be given.
One thousand acres on the Dunkard-mill run, a branch of said creek, held by pre-emption-right, of equal quality to the above, and the same warrantee will be given, all lying from 14 to 25 miles of Morgan-Town, and from 3 to 11 miles from Monongalia river—the State road from Morgan-Town to the little Kenhawa passes near or through the said land.
One thousand acres on Bingerman's creek, held by pre-emption right, a great proportion of meadow, and well watered, which lies in the same county, the upland of good quality, about 10 miles farther from Morgan-Town.
One thousand acres on the little Kenhawa, about 14 miles from the mouth of said river, held by an old location on treasury warrant, the land also very rich.
Any property in the Counties of Berkeley or Frederick, negroes, good bonds, or any claims against me, will be taken in payment.
DAVID GRAY.
BERKELEY, June 16, 1794.
HARP and CROWN TAVERN.
FLO. MAHONY,
Returns his grateful acknowledgments to the Ladies and Gentlemen who did him the honor to favor him with their custom last season, on their way to and from BATH. He takes this method to inform them, and the Public in general, that he is much better prepared this season, having provided sufficient bedding, five good lodging rooms in addition to the former, an excellent stock of liquors, neat wines of the purest quality, &c. He has procured a large yard room, and stableage for an hundred horses, also shades for carriages, &c. all under an inclosure. He hopes to meet with their further encouragement; and is with gratitude, the Public's humble servant,
FLORENCE MAHONY.
Martinsburg, Berkeley County, VIRGINIA, June 9, '94.
THE LAST NOTICE!
ALL persons indebted to the Subscriber, either by bond, note, or book debt, are hereby informed, that unless they come in and make payment in four weeks from this date, their several arrearages will, after that period, be put in suit, without discrimination. Merchantable wheat or rye will be received as cash, at the market price. It is easier for an hundred to help one, than one an hundred.
GEORGE TILLEY.
JULY 21, 1794.
BY virtue of the last will and testament of Mary MacDonald, deceased, will be sold at Public Auction, to the highest bidder, on twelve months credit, a certain tract of LAND, containing by deed thirty-five acres, situate in Hampshire County, on Potowmac River, contiguous to a tract formerly belonging to William Williams, and now belonging to Mr. Strode, of Berkeley County. The sale will begin on the premises precisely at twelve o'clock, on the first day of September next, when due attendance shall be made, by
ISAAC HITE, jun., ARCH. McDONALD. } Executors.
JUNE 22, 1794.
SIR,
TAKE Notice, that agreeably to a commission from the District Court of Winchester, I shall proceed to take the depositions of sundry witnesses, on the twenty-second day of August next, at the house of Patrick Byrne, in the city of Philadelphia, which depositions I shall offer in evidence in the suit now depending in the said District Court, wherein I am plaintiff and you are the defendant.
I am, your's &c.
JOHN WAGER.
To Mr. John Barnard. 18th July, 1794.
FOR SALE AT THE PRINTING OFFICE. Bonds for deliverance of Property, Magistrates' Summons. Blank Deeds of Bargain and Sale. Common Bonds, Blank notes, &c.