Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1805-08-14 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE AND PUBLICK LEDGER.
VOL. II.]
WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 14, 1805.
[NO. 13.]
THIS PAPER IS PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A WEEK; PRICE TO SUBSCRIBERS FIVE DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM...
FOR CHARTER, The good American Brig MARY, Burthen 152 tons; will carry about 180 hogsheads tobacco...
FOR LIVERPOOL, The British Ship WILLIAM, Burthen about 450 hogsheads tobacco. A fine ship about 3 years old.
SIXTY HOGSHEADS OF TOBACCO, Are wanted on Freight for Liverpool, to complete the loading of the Brig FLORA.
FOR FREIGHT, To Nantes, or another port in France, The good, fast sailing Ship BRUTUS, Captain PRENDERGAST.
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The American Ship INDIA PACKET, William Rindge, Master, Burthen 400 hds. Tobacco.
139 quarter casks SHERRY WINE, for sale on moderate terms. August 9.
A PASSAGE TO BORDEAUX, May be had on reasonable terms, in the good Brig KATY, Which will sail on the 15th instant.
FOR LONDON, The good and fast sailing Ship SPY, Will be ready to receive a cargo immediately at the moderate freight of 10s. per hhd.
FOR PORT GLASGOW, The good British Ship COUNTESS OF BUTE, P. M'KEELAN, Master, Expected to sail by the 15th current.
CADIZ SALT, For Sale on board the Jesse, Captain Ferris, from Cadiz, lying at my wharf, Gosport, which will be sold low, if taken from along side.
Who offers said Brig for Charter; she carries 260 hogsheads tobacco—will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days.
ALSO—FOR CHARTER, The Copper-bottomed Ship THOMAS, Burthen three hundred hogsheads tobacco, and now ready to receive a cargo.
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The good American Ship JOHN, A. M. SPALDING, Master, 297 tons burthen, a staunch, strong, tight vessel, now in complete order for the reception of a cargo.
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The good copper-bottomed Ship EARL OF LEICESTER, Two hundred tons burthen, will be ready to receive a cargo in three days.
FOR LIVERPOOL, The British Brig BETSEY, 300 hogsheads burthen—will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days; a large proportion of her cargo is now engaged, for the balance apply to C. & F. Whittle.
FOR FREIGHT, OR CHARTER, The fast sailing Brig ELIZABETH, ROBERT BARCLAY, Master, Burthen 1800 Barrels. Apply to John Davis.
TO RENT, Two Rooms adjoining the Office of the Publick Ledger. Apply at this office. July 26.
For Freight or Charter, The fine new American Ship MECHANICK, V. BAGLEY, Master, burthen 250 tons, or about 350 hds. tobacco, now ready for the reception of a cargo.
FOR CHARTER, The American Ship REUNION, Burthen 280 tons—she will be ready for the reception of a cargo in fifteen days.
FOR LONDON, The American ship ABERDEEN, WILLIAM MORGAN, Master, Burthen about 450 hogsheads tobacco. Intended to sail by the 1st of August.
FOR SALE, FREIGHT, OR CHARTER, The American Ship ELIZA, JOSEPH BENTLEY, Master, Burthen 176 tons, or 250 hogsheads tobacco.
FOR LONDON, The Ship MENTOR, STEPHEN WATERMAN, Master, Burthen 350 hogsheads tobacco. Will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days, and will sail by the last of this month.
FOR CHARTER, The British Ship DUNROBIN CASTLE, JOHN M'BRIDE, Master, Burthen 250 tons, carries 14 guns and men suitable. Clyde, or Liverpool, will be preferred.
FOR A PORT IN FRANCE, The new Portuguese Barque MERCURIO, H. MAZZA, Master, Burthen 170 to 180 hogsheads—having part of her cargo engaged, the balance will be taken on a moderate freight, if immediate application is made to the Captain on board, or to John Newell, Jun.
FOR CHARTER, The good Ship FRANKLIN, SPOONER, Master, Burthen about three hundred hogsheads. For terms apply to Moses Myers.
300 Barrels INDIAN CORN, Deliverable at short notice—for sale by James Maurice & Co.
LANDING, From on board the Schooner JOHN, from Guadalupe—and for Sale, SIXTY-SIX HOGSHEADS, AND A FEW BARRELS MUSCOVADO SUGAR. Moses Myers.
COCKE & SANFORD, Have received per the Ship SHEFFIELD, from Bourdeaux, Imperial Blue and Black CLOTHS. FANCY WAISTCOATING, Silk HOSIERY—and CLARET WINE in cases.
MISSING—THREE BUNDLES LEATHER, Consisting of—Sole, Bridle, and Calf Skins, THAT were sent by the Subscribers about six weeks ago, to Maxwell's Wharf, to be shipped on board one of the Packets for Williamsburg.
LEVIN DORSEY, On Town Point—Wide Water-Street. Has Received by the Dumfries, from London, in addition to his former assortment of MATHEMATICAL INSTRUMENTS, &c.
WANTED, Two Hundred Cords Wharf Wood, For which a generous price will be given. Apply to Thomas Warren.
Two Hundred Cords Wharf Wood, For which a generous price will be given. Apply to Thomas Warren. May 29.
FOREIGN ARTICLE.
Extracted from papers recently received. LONDON, MAY 14, 1805. The following article, which appeared in the "Times," in Feb. 1800, is reinserted as containing lessons, worthy, at this time, of being come and attended to:—
THE CARDINAL OF YORK. "Few princes (says Voltaire, speaking of James II.) were more unhappy than James; and there is no instance in history, of any family being unfortunate for so great a length of time. The first of his ancestors that bore the name of James, was King of Scotland, after being detained prisoner in England eighteen years, was assassinated by the hands of his own subjects. James II. his son, was killed at nineteen years of age. James III. after being imprisoned by his subjects, was slain by the rebels in an engagement. James IV. perished in a battle, which he lost. James V. in the persuasion that his nobles and generals had betrayed him, died of immoderate grief, seven days before the birth of the unfortunate Mary, after losing two sons in one day. Mary Stuart, his daughter, driven from her throne, and a fugitive in England, after having languished eighteen years in prison was condemned to death by English judges, and lost her head on a scaffold! Charles I. grandson of Mary, King of England and Scotland, was sold by the Scotch, sentenced to death by the English, and died on a scaffold before the eyes of the people. James his son, the seventh of the name in Scotland, and the second in England, abandoned his three kingdoms, and died a fugitive at St. Germains. His son, in attempting to regain the throne of his ancestors, only brought his friends under the hands of the executioner. Charles Edward, the grandson of James II. made the same attempt, with no better success, and escaped under difficulties almost incredible. If any thing (adds Voltaire) could justify those who believe in an unavoidable fatality, it would be the continual succession of misfortunes which have befallen the house of Stuart during the space of above 300 years."
If Voltaire had lived to this day, he might have witnessed the same severity of fortune in the instance of the only survivor of that unfortunate house, with whom the direct male branch will be extinct. The Cardinal of York, the brother of Charles Edward, early dedicated himself to a life congenial with the habits of his mind. Pious, humane and temperate, he sought consolation for the misfortunes of his predecessors, in a scrupulous observance of the duties of his religion apparently secured, in his retirement, from the storms and vicissitudes but too often attendant upon political life. This malign influence of the star which had so strongly marked the fate of so many of his illustrious ancestors was not exhausted; and it was peculiarly reserved for the Cardinal of York to be exposed to the shafts of adversity, at a period of life when least able to struggle with misfortune. At the advanced age of seventy-five, he is driven from his episcopal residence; his houses sacked; his property confiscated; and constrained to seek his personal safety in flight, upon the seas, under every aggrivated circumstance that could affect his health and fortunes!
It is necessary to renew our comments on the gracious act which has already been announced in favour of the Cardinal of York. It was reserved for Great-Britain to sooth the malevolence of his fortunes; and we trust the beneficence of the Sovereign will be recognized in Parliament, as a lasting memorial of an event which forms an interesting epoch in the annals of our country.
Original letters from the Cardinal of York to Sir John Cox Hippisley, Bart. written in the Conclave.
"Your letters fully convince me of the cordial interest you take in all that regards my person, and am happy to acknowledge that principally I owe to your friendly efforts, and to those of your friends, the succour generously granted, to relieve the extreme necessities into which I have been driven by the present dismal circumstances. I cannot sufficiently express, how sensible I am to your good heart, and write these few lines in the first place to contest to you these my most sincere and grateful sentiments, and then to inform you that by means of Mr. Oakly, an English gentleman arrived here last week, I have received a letter from Lord Minto from Vienna, advising me that he had orders from his court to remit to me at present the sum 2000. sterling; and that in the month of July next, I may again draw, if I desire it, for another equal sum. The letter is written in so extremely genteel and obliging a manner, and with expressions of singular regard and consideration for me, this, I assure you, excited in me the most particular and lively sentiments, not only of satisfaction for the delicacy with which the affair has been managed, but also of gratitude for the generosity with which it has been provided for my necessity. I have answered Lord Minto's letter, and gave it Saturday last, to Mr. Oakly, who was to send it by that evening's post to Vienna; and have written in a manner that I hope will be to his lordship's satisfaction. I own to you that the succour granted to me could not be more timely; for without it, it would have been impossible for me to subsist, on account of the absolutely irreparable loss of all my income, the very funds being also destroyed; so that I would otherwise have been reduced, for the short remainder of my life, to languish in misery and indigence. I would not lose a moment's time to apprize you of all this, and am very certain that your experienced good heart will find proper means to make known in an energetic and proper manner these sentiments of my grateful acknowledgement. The signal obligations I am under to Mr. Andrew Stuart for all that he has, with so much cordiality, in this occasion, done to assist me, renders it for me indispensable to desire that you may return him my most sincere thanks, assuring him that his health and welfare, interests me extremely; and that I have, with great pleasure, received from gen. Acton the genealogical history of our family, which he was so kind as to send me, and hope that he will, from that gentleman, have already received my thanks, for so valuable a proof of his attention for me. In the last place, if you think proper, and an occasion should offer itself, I beg you make known to the other gentlemen also, who have co-operated, my most grateful acknowledgement: with which, my dear sir John, with all my heart I embrace you. "Your best of friends, "HENRY CARDINAL."
"Venice, Feb. 26, 1800. "TO SIR J. C. HIPPISLEY, Bart. London." "VENICE, May 7, 1800. "DEAR SIR JOHN, "I have not words to explain the deep impression your very obliging favour of March 31, made on me. Your and Mr. Andrew Stuart's most friendly and warm exertions in my behalf; the humane and benevolent conduct of your minister; your gracious Sovereign's noble and spontaneous generosity, the continuance of which, you certify me, depends on my need of it, were all ideas which crowded together on my mind, and filled me with most lively sensations of tenderness and heartfelt gratitude. What return can I make to so many, and so signal proofs of disinterested benevolence? Dear Sir John, I confess I am at a loss how to express my feelings: I am sure, however, and very happy that your good heart will make you fully conceive the sentiments of mine, and induce you to make known, in an adequate and convenient manner, to all such as you shall think proper, for me, my most sincere acknowledgments. "With pleasure I have presented your compliments to the Cardinals and other persons you mention: who all return you their sincere thanks: the Canon, in particular, now Monsignor, being also a domestic prelate to his holiness, begs you be persuaded of his constant respect and attachment to you. "My wishes would be completely satisfied, should I have the pleasure, as I most earnestly desire, to see you against Frascati, and be able to assure you, by word of mouth, of my most sincere esteem, and affectionate indebtedness. "Your best of friends, "HENRY CARDINAL."
"SIR J. C. HIPPISLEY, Grosvenor-Street. London, Angleterre. * This marked expression of the Cardinal of York, is well worth the reader's consideration.
From a London Paper. LORD MELVILLE'S LAST MOMENTS. On Tuesday, the 9th inst. about half past seven, A.M. departed this political life, the right honourable Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville, First Lord of the Admiralty, a Lord of Trade and Plantations, Chancellor of the University of St. Andrews, Lord Privy Seal, Governor of the Bank and an Advocate in Scotland, and Elder Brother of the Trinity House, a Doctor of Civil Law, and one of his Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council. His lordship was attended to the last by Mr. George Canning, Mr. Mark Sprott, and the Ordinary, and went off with resignation. His case had been despatched of early on the preceding Sunday, though in the evening of that day a learned Doctor not from Padua but the Devices, had suggested a nostrum, yet would not undertake that it should operate further than as a palliative for a month or two. This was resorted to on Monday without effect. On Tuesday morning early his lordship appeared very restless—he enquired whether Mr. W. Dundas had set out on the debate—He was assured he had, and with considerable power of face—He enquired next if he had resigned his office of Secretary at War? and being answered in the negative, the noble Viscount appeared easier, and expressed himself satisfied at the firmness of the family—he added that he hoped such an inflexible state of nerves was not termed effrontery. Mr. Canning assured his lordship it was only called "Spartan virtue." Mr. Mark Sprott then asked where Sparta was, and the Ordinary informed him he believed it was somewhere behind Duke's Place. About this time a mob of vulgar people at the door were singing "Tantarara Rogues All!" and Lord Melville asked if Mr. Pitt had not just arrived? In fact this gentleman's carriage had just drawn up, and occasioned this indecent clamour. It was extremely moving to see these two great men take their last leave of each other. Mr. Pitt brought with him a white night cap, a nosegay, and two bottles of London particular Madeira. It had been usual on such occasions to sing a stave or two, but Wilberforce was gone to the society for the suppression of vice. Mr. Isaac Hawkins Browne indeed offered to chant. "The Lamentation of a Sinner," and a sensible melancholy gentleman (we believe Sir Robert Buxton) offered to accompany him on the Dulcimer. Mr. Pitt observed to the Noble Viscount, that the mob at the door had used the scurrilous phrase of a "swindling administration," and that he had thoughts of resigning, if he knew what to do with himself afterwards; that he abhorred suicide; that he could not with any face return to the volunteers; that he did not like being drafted into the militia; and that he had totally abandoned all agricultural improvements when he proposed the tax on horses in husbandry—Lord Melville assured him he might fill up his leisure hours in the country with an amusement he had so successfully resorted to last summer in Scotland, that of burning papers and destroying evidences. Mr. Pitt then asked the Noble Lord, with some eagerness, whether he had destroyed the evidences relative to the 40,000l. returned by Mr. Long from the Treasury to the Paymaster of the Navy? His Lordship said, that to the best of his recollection he had not. Mr. Pitt seemed disturbed, and asked his Lordship with some peevishness, what he thought would become of him when he was politically dead and buried? The noble Viscount replied, "I decline answering this question, under the provisions of the 5th clause of the statute of Geo. III. chap. 16." At this melancholy answer, Mr. David and Mr. Wallace burst into tears, Mr. Alderman Anderson blew his nose till it was sore, Mr. George Canning roared, Mr. Mark Sprott blubbered, and the Ordinary drank two glasses of London particular Madeira. The scene grew too affecting. The writer of this narrative left the room, sighing with the Roman morsit.
Ecce spectaculum dignum! Vir punis cum mala fortuna composuit! SEN. DE DIVIN. POET.
WILLIAM KNOX, HAS RECEIVED, FOR SALE, A few half barrels Superfine FLOUR, Made entirely of new wheat, and warranted of the first quality, for family use. August 12. 3 60
CHOICE FLOUR OF NEW WHEAT, From Mayo's Mills—for Family use. 100 Whole and 200 Half Barrels. For sale by Moses Myers. August 12. 11 66
40 Puncheons Antigua RUM, Just received per Schooner Stranger, and for sale by Warren Ashley. August 12. 11 67
WILLIAM KNOX, HAS FOR SALE—A-FLOAT, 2,500 Bushels fine Liverpool SALT, either loose, or in sacks. 3s Hogsheads prime TOBACCO. August 12. 8 61

THE PUBLICK LEDGER.
TO SHEW THE VERY AGE AND BODY OF THE TIME, HIS FORM AND PRESSURE.
WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 14, 1805.
Our papers by this day's mail from Charleston, state that port, as still blockaded by a French privateer, that boards and plunders every vessel that comes in or goes out, at discretion, and in sight of the harbour. We deem it our duty as often as the occasion occurs to draw the publick attention to a circumstance which is equally degrading to our national character as destructive to our commercial interests.
In candour, however, it is just to acknowledge that the injuries inflicted on our commerce by the French, are confined to the privateers of that nation, who can be considered, as little better than pirates, and over whom, the power of government has no controul. We wish we could say, that none but the privateers of every other nation molested our commerce. We have not heard of one instance during the present war of our commerce meeting with any interruption from a French National Ship of War.
THE MAIL.—We are sorry to intrude our complaints upon the publick, but the nature of the injury which we have sustained, will, we hope, justify us upon the present occasion.
We had this day returned to us about one half of our papers of Friday last, for Baltimore—the packet had been opened, and the balance detained.—The papers being returned by this day's mail, this outrage has been committed not above Williamsburg. As the injury which may be done to us, by this unwarrantable conduct is incalculable, we must endeavour to detect the authors—for this purpose, the Editor of this paper will give Fifty Dollars, to any person who will give information of the authors of this outrage.
Our subscribers and the Editors of papers in Baltimore will make the proper allowance for the failure of our papers of Friday, which we will replace as far as we can by this day's mail.
We feel confident that the packet was opened, as we can assert that our papers are made up with particular care and attention.
Report confidentially assures us, that six seventy four gun ships are immediately to be built and that Mr. Fox is now collecting the timber, for the one which is intended to be built at the seat of government. The more than suspicious conduct of the court of Spain, may probably justify this measure, but we sincerely hope and believe that no measures tending to widen the breach, with that monarchy, will be taken by our government until all these means have failed, which may be expected from the wisdom, coolness and prudence of the present administration.
[Alex: Expositor.]
We seriously wish that the Baltimore paper, which first noticed the attempt to rob the mail, by as it was said three black men and one white man, would inform the country on what evidence the fact was stated, it being believed by some men of the first information, that no such attempt was made on the day stated, and that the whole is an imposition on the publick, with a view to draw their attention from the persons implicated, in the villainous attempts lately made on the Baltimore and Georgetown banks.— ibid.
POLITICAL ESSAYS
ON THE ESSENTIAL AND DISTINCTIVE QUALITIES OF DEMOCRACIES AND REPUBLICKS, WITH REFERENCE TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
From the Baltimore Republican or Anti-Democrat.
ESSAY III.*
The writer of the essay taken from the Virginia Gazette, defines a democracy a government where the people collectively or in a body, have a right to assemble at certain periods to enact laws by a majority of voices and to try offences committed against the laws of the state. And an aristocracy where the power of making laws and trying offences is lodged exclusively with the rich or nobles.
Hence he infers, that the constitution of the United States is neither a democracy nor an aristocracy: not a democracy, because the people have no right to meet in a body to make laws, which is the essence of democracy: not an aristocracy, because the rich have no exclusive right to govern, which is the characteristic of aristocracy.
This he further enforces, by a brief analysis of the principles of the constitution of the United States.—The right in the people to elect the persons, which the compact vests with the power to make laws, he considers, as participating of the principle of democracy. The exclusion of all persons under twenty-five years of age, from a right to be chosen to make laws; all who are not thirty, from being senators; and all who are not thirty-five, &c. from being Presidents of the United States, as belonging to the principle of aristocracy. The mode of electing the President, together with his functions and powers, as participating of the monarchick principle.
As, therefore, the Constitution of the United States, can neither be denominated a democracy, nor an aristocracy, without a perversion of terms, he asks, what is it? 'A representative government of a mixed nature, excluding the disorders and tyranny, inseparable from these two kinds of government, the democracy and aristocracy.'
Such is the doctrine of the writer in the Virginia Gazette, as republished in the Anti-Democrat. On the other hand, the Aurora maintains, that the Constitution of the United States, is, 'a complete and perfect democracy,' and adduces in support of this position the following proofs.
1st. Proof. His own assertion; which, it is possible, would be taken by many of his readers in preference to Aristotle's. I shall therefore pass it over as unanswerable.
2d. Proof. A denunciation of all those who will not subscribe to the doctrine, that the Constitution of the United States, is 'a complete and perfect democracy,' as 'fools, or despicable knaves or imposters.' This proof being (as one may say) a corollary from his first, will no doubt be considered equally conclusive, with all those for whom it is particularly intended; I shall, therefore, leave it where I found it.
His 3rd Proof, partaking more of the nature of an argument, is entitled to be treated with some forensic respect.
* Hitherto the writing is evidently that of the Editor, what follows, however, appears in another form; given to the publick as the writings of another.
It consists in a definition of democracy from Walker's Critical Pronouncing Dictionary; another definition from Montesquieu; an attempt to describe the constitution of Athens; and inverted quotations from Judge Wilson's Speeches in the Pennsylvania convention, for deciding upon the constitution.
I shall in the first place examine, whether the Judge on this occasion, has defined or described the constitution to be a democracy. He was a member of the convention which framed it; and the Aurora says, 'to put this question out of doubt, let us refer to the framers;' and selects the judge as an example.
Judge Wilson, of Pennsylvania, after having suggested some of the many difficulties, which the framers of the constitution had to encounter, observes, "we now see the great end which they proposed to accomplish. It was to frame, for the consideration of their constituents, one federal and national constitution—a constitution that would produce the advantages of good, and prevent the inconveniences of bad government; a constitution whose beneficence and energy would pervade the whole union, and bind and embrace the interests of every part; a constitution that would ensure peace, freedom and happiness, to the states and people of America."
"Oft have I viewed, with secret pleasure and admiration, the force and prevalence through the United States, that the supreme power resides in the people, and that they never part with it. It may be called the panacea in politics. There can be no disorder in the community but may here receive a radical cure. If the error be in the legislature, it may be corrected by the constitution: If in the constitution, it may be corrected by the people. There is a remedy therefore for every distemper in government; if the people are not wanting to themselves. For a people wanting to themselves, there is no remedy. From their power, as we have seen, there is no appeal. To their error there is no superior principle of correction."
"There are three simple species of government; monarchy, where the supreme power is in a single person. Aristocracy where the supreme power is in a select assembly, the members of which either fill up, by election, the vacancies in their own body, or succeed to their places in it by inheritance, or in respect of some personal right or qualification. A republick or a democracy, where the people at large retain the supreme power , and act collectively or by representation."
"Each species of government has its advantages and disadvantages."
"The advantages of monarchy, are, strength, despatch, secrecy, unity of council. Its disadvantages, tyranny, expense, ignorance of the situation and wants of the people, insecurity, unnecessary wars, evils attending elections or successions."
"The advantages of aristocracy are wisdom, arising from experience and education. Its disadvantages are, dissensions among themselves, oppression to the lower orders."
"The advantages of democracy are, liberty, equal, cautious, and salutary laws, publick spirit, frugality, peace, opportunities of exerting and producing abilities of the best citizens. Its disadvantages are, dissensions; the delay and disclosure of publick councils; the imbecility of publick measures, retarded by the necessity of a numerous consent."
"A government may be composed of two or more of the simple forms above mentioned. Such is the British government. It would be an improper government for the United States; because it is inadequate to such an extent of territory; and because it is suited to an establishment of different orders of men. A more minute comparison, between some parts the British constitution, and some parts of the plan before us, may, perhaps, find a proper place in a subsequent period of our business."
"What is the nature and kind of that government which has been proposed for the United States by the late convention? In its principle it is purely democratical. But that principle is applied in different forms, in order to obtain the advantages and exclude the inconveniences of the simple mode of government."
From a subsequent speech, "permit me to proceed to what I deem another excellency of this system.—All authority of every kind is derived by representation from the people, and the democratic principle is carried into every part of the government. I had an opportunity, when I spoke first, of going fully into an elucidation of this subject. I mean not now to repeat what I then said."
These are the paragraphs quoted by the Aurora and restored to their original order and connexion.
The first, it may be observed, is intended to facilitate the reception of the constitution, by suggesting, if defective, that it may be corrected, the power to do so residing in the people.
This laid down, the judge proceeds to define the three simple kinds of government, and to give a summary of their respective advantages and disadvantages.
He next observes that, a government may be composed of two or more of these simple forms; that, such is the British government; but, because it is inadequate to such an extent of territory, and suited to an establishment of different orders of men, that it would be an improper government for the United States.
He then asks, 'what is the nature and kind of that government which has been proposed for the United States, by the late convention?' 'In its principle it is purely democratical;'—as if he had said, it is not one of the three simple forms, it is not a democracy; but, in its principle it is democratical. The truth is too well established by experiment, that, 'dissensions, delays, and disclosure of publick councils; the imbecility of publick measures, retarded by the necessity of a numerous consent'; are evils inherent in a democracy. The principle therefore is all that it was safe to adopt, and in this point of view, all authority, as to the judge observes, 'is derived from the people.'
FROM THE VIRGINIA GAZETTE. To the President and Directors of the Virginia Bank.
From the moment that col. Carrington resigned his seat amongst you, which, according to report, was owing to his disapprobation of your proceedings, we country stockholders began to augur ill of your institution. By the Norfolk newspapers we now learn that Mr. Tazewell has also resigned his seat and for similar purposes. When such men dropt off from you, it is enough to alarm even the least timid among us. Whilst the effects of their resignation were not immediately felt, prudent and cautious men were unwilling to break silence.—But it is now incumbent on every stockholder to inquire into those parts of your conduct that these gentlemen disapproved of, that the publick may be enabled to judge fairly between you and them. You have now had our money for twelve months and we have not received one shilling of dividends, though we were assured in the spring that we should receive a dividend of two or three per cent. at least on the first of July. On this assurance we relied, because we saw the Union Bank at Baltimore, that was put in motion only one month before the Virginia Bank, divide in six months after its commencement, at the rate of 8 per cent. per annum, and the Potomack Bank, which was established some time after the Virginia Bank, and against which your jealousy hurled the whole vengeance of the legislature, and thereby curtailed the circulation of its notes, make an half-yearly dividend also, which, though small, was something, and would have been, but for the unconstitutional and tyrannical infringement on the commercial rights of the people by the continuation and extension of the act to prohibit private banks, equal to the dividend of the Union Bank. To what is it owing that these banks have managed their affairs so much better than you have done? Why have we yet received no dividend? It is because your bank officers have larger salaries than the profits will warrant? Or to what cause is it owing? We should be glad to have it explained. This explanation is demanded by the publick in consideration of the great and sudden fall in the price of stock. Whilst this kept up to 10 and 12 per cent. above par we were content to believe that all was going on well. But when, in addition to that not receiving any interest on our capital, we see that capital sinking, it is time for us to be alarmed and to inquire into those causes which have produced consequences so fatal to our interests. Had the depreciation of bank stock every where been in the same ratio, we should have imputed it to the operation of some general cause. But when we see the stock of every other chartered bank, though somewhat lower than usual, considerably above par, and the stock of the Virginia bank alone at, and even below par, and advertised as a drug for sale, "on a credit to suit purchasers !" we cannot but impute the evil to some particular mismanagement. We know not whether you have been calumniated or not—but we know that reports have gone abroad very much to your prejudice, and we evince our candour, and indeed our regard for you and our own interests by thus publickly relating some of them to you.
The country people, though generally speaking, not learned, nor skilled in the tricks and artifices of money-trading institutions like yours, possess a great deal of sound sense, and are more observing than you are aware of. By some of these it has been reported "that on application to the bank for silver dollars in exchange for your own notes they were refused." They imagined that you had no right to refuse specie, and mentioned the circumstance on their return home as a proof that the people had been deceived, and as a reason why they would, in future, have nothing to do with your notes, which they considered no better than the war paper money .
It has also been reported that by refusing to take the notes of other banks (an egregious folly of which we can hardly suppose you guilty) you have occasioned them, by returning your own notes upon you, to draw almost all your specie out of your vaults, because you had none of their notes to exchange for your own, which you ought to have had. In this very week, it is said, that no less a sum than 150,000 dollars in specie have been drawn from you by the banks of Baltimore and others.
It is further reported that by imprudence, or listlessness, or an easy, accommodating, but impolitic good humour, you have suffered some individuals to discount to the amount of 100,000 dollars, on different discount days by small sums at a time, till they became intrenched with the bank to that amount. To one house in Lynchburg, it is said, you have done this, and to two or three others in Richmond.
All these reports may be wholly untrue and unfounded. We hope and believe that they are so. But they are in circulation, and it is fit that you should know it, that you may hasten to contradict them, or to explain them to the publick satisfaction.
A late advertisement of yours has tended to confirm some of them. We observe that instead of two discount days you have now only one . This astonishing and unheard of curtailment of discounts, to the amount of one half is truly alarming. You had much better never have discounted so largely in the beginning than have reduced yourselves to the disgraceful necessity of curtailing your discounts so suddenly, so unexpectedly and so dangerously. It is impossible to foresee the mischief and misery you may occasion by this unaccountable conduct, which is tantamount to a confession that you have hitherto acted without judgment or discretion. You may, and probably will, make bankrupts of one half your customers without doing any benefit to the stockholders, and you have already done incalculable mischief to the country by depressing the price of produce. Before you commenced the operations of the bank, you were warned against the danger of issuing too many of your notes before your whole capital was paid in. You were then told that if you did, your notes would be returned upon you for the subsequent instalments, and you would never receive the full amount of your capital in specie. This advice, it seems, you have disregarded, and the consequence is precisely as it was foretold. You have never deposited in your vaults any thing like your capital in specie. Some say not one half, and others not a third. Had you even permitted the payment of other bank notes, in lieu of specie, which you could always have converted into specie, or which you would always have ready to exchange for your own notes, when they were returned upon you, in this case you would have retained what specie you did receive, and your institution might have been flourishing. But no! Pride, which is the never failing concomitant of folly, occasioned you to hold a lofty language, for which you have been justly punished, and of which you are now solely repenting. What! shall the antient dominion who gives law to the union, and to whom all her sister states courtesy with obedient submission, shall the antient dominion whose exports are nearly equal to one sixth of the whole exports of the United States, and which from the city of Richmond alone exceeds those of Philadelphia, shall she with such a population as she possesses, with such wealth, such resources, and such a vast extent of country for her bank notes to circulate in, shall she entangle herself with the banks of other states, and by embarking, as it were, in the same bottom with them, subject herself to the same vicissitudes and misfortunes, when she can so well stand alone without any sort of connexion with, or dependence on them!!! This we hear was the language you held, till your pride was humbled by frequent runs upon you, which compelled you at last to do with a bad grace what you ought to have done at first, and which would have saved you from the disgrace of making no dividends, from the disgrace of seeing your stock depreciated to par, and even below par—from the disgrace of seeing it, which ought to be like all other stock, a cash article , advertised in a publick newspaper as a drug, "for sale on a credit to suit purchasers ," and from all those other disgraces which, we very much fear, you are destined to experience before, and at the meeting of the ensuing legislature.
It must be evident, now to every thinking man in the community, that an alliance of the state with the bank is as absurd as an alliance of church and state. This opinion we know was always entertained by men of sense—and in conformity to this opinion, the present administration took the earliest opportunity to withdraw the government of the United States from the bank of the United States.
This example, after the experience we have had, the general assembly will surely follow at their next session. If they do this and direct their stock to be sold, there will be no immediate necessity perhaps for increasing the capital to a greater amount than half a million of dollars more.—For when the stockholders are left "to manage their own affairs in their own way" they will diminish the salaries and expenses of the institution so as to increase the net profits, they will elect none for directors who have not an interest of at least fifty shares in the bank, who are not well versed in trade and well acquainted with the circumstances or reputed circumstances of those who are in the habit of obtaining discounts at the bank, and who possess in all other respects the necessary qualifications.
When it is known throughout the state, and the neighbouring states, that men of this description have the management of the bank in their own hands, its credit will revive, and not till then.
A Country Stockholder.
August 2, 1805.
FROM THE CHARLESTON COURIER.
The licentiousness of the press, which has so often and sincerely been lamented by every real friend to his country, was never more fully exemplified than by the following publication, published in the first instance in a paper called the Farmers's Register , printed at Lynchburg in the State of New-York, and afterwards copied into the (Baltimore) Evening Post , accompanied with the following remarks:
From the Baltimore Evening Post.
We hope the following remarks from the "Farmers's Register," will be read with much attention. They contain some truths, of which the Charleston Courier, we hope, is ignorant. If not, the virulence displayed by it, on account of the capture of the Two Friends, is criminal in the highest degree. We are authorised to say that the vessel was not American—That the Eliza and the Two Friends both belonged to a house in London, of which a brother of Mr. Boyd's is one of the partners—and that her sailing under the American flag is a mere cover to save risk. These circumstances are perfectly ascertained—and there can be no doubt of her condemnation as English property. The whole city of Charleston knows this to be a fact. If it is denied, we will give the detail to stop this perpetual outcry against the President and his administration, which is daily oozing from that press.
The capture of the ship Two Friends, off Charleston, by a French privateer, will no doubt offer the federalists an opportunity (which they will not let slip) of pouring out their wrath and vengeance against Mr. Jefferson, and the whole French nation, with redoubled fury. We feel as much disposed to condemn the unwarrantable capture or detention of American ships as any man among the whole federal party, let the perpetrators of the act belong to what nation they may—but these sentiments will never induce us to countenance fraud, or witness in silence the taking the undue advantage of the rights of citizenship, by unprincipled foreigners, more especially when such conduct has a tendency to jeopardize the peace and safety of our country, by compromising our neutrality, and the honour of our government. The case before us may be classed among many others, now existing in the United States, calculated to produce those baneful effects. There is every reason to believe that the ship Two Friends was fraudulently covered as American property—nay, we will venture to say, that not a timber head of her is owned by any citizen of the United States, and we are induced to express this opinion from a strong concurrence of circumstances, which we think proper to notice at the present time.
In the year '98, or '99 captain Neil M'Neal, (now master of the Two Friends), commanded the ship Eliza, a regular trader between London and Charleston. Although this ship was covered by some Scotchmen in Charleston, who were naturalized, her belonging to an English house in London was so notorious that nobody in Charleston ever doubted it, and if any had doubted it, the following circumstance of itself would serve to establish the fact:—On her passage from Charleston to London, she was captured by a French privateer, and carried into Bayonne, in France, with captain M'Neal on board. On her arrival at Bayonne, captain M'Neal immediately abandoned her, without laying a claim for her, in behalf of the owners, or waiting the event of the trial. This conduct, at first view, would appear strange, but it was perfectly consistent, when it is considered that capt. M. knew that the ship was English property, and would be proved to be so. The owners in London, knowing that under these circumstances, claiming the ship as American property would be perfectly useless, and only attended with loss of time and money, had instructed capt. M. to abandon her immediately, in case of capture. Accordingly, as we have already observed, he left her on his arrival in France, and proceeded directly to London, when the same owners immediately purchased the ship Two Friends, gave him the command of her, and consigned her to their friends in Charleston, who covered her also, as they had done the Eliza. That house having subsequently failed, one of the co-partners has continued to cover the Two Friends, in his own name, as American property. And she was so covered at the time of her late capture.
In giving the above statement, we are far from being governed by any other motives than exposing to publick view a practice which, which, we fear, is too extensive for the honour of the American flag. We have noticed this particular case more on account of its magnitude than from a wish to point out the improprieties of the members of any particular party on their partiality to any particular nation. We know the weight of the favourite maxim of mercantile men, that "there is no friendship in trade." We know that this covering of property is not confined to English ships. We have known one man covering the property of individuals belonging to two different nations at war with each other; nay, there have been instances of the persons claiming the rights and enjoying the privileges of American citizens, being concerned, at one and the same time, in French and English privateers, which were committing depredations on the American commerce. It is to expose the ill effects of such usurpation of the privileges of citizenship that we now assume this language.
While this infamous practice exposes the property of the fair American merchant who trades on his own bottom, it is next to impossible for our government to check the evil, because it is an extremely delicate point for a collector to question the veracity of a merchant who is taking a solemn oath, although he may have strong suspicions. There are no doubt, many instances of innocent property captured, and while we lament the fact, we should look to this nefarious practice of covering property, as the principal source from whence that evil arises, since it is extremely difficult for the officers of belligerent powers to discriminate in cases which, although widely different, are cloaked with an appearance of similarity. We have not forgotten the hue and cry that was raised a few years since about the capture of the ship Mount Vernon, by a French privateer. Yet she was proved to be British property, and the matter was hushed up. It grieves us to find the depredations on our commerce so injurious to honest American merchants, but we feel no regret for the losses of those who are, or have been guilty of the above fraudulent practices, let their political profession be what they may. We only lament that they are not the only sufferers.— Farmers's Register.
The truth is, that the ship Eliza was, in the year 1796, bought by the then house of Muir & Boyd in Charleston, for the sum of 3,500l. sterling, as their sole property, and intended for a regular London trader, and that she afterwards made two voyages consigned to the house of Caldwell, Boyd & Co. merchants in London, the friends and correspondents of Muir & Boyd; that on her third voyage from Charleston to London, being armed to protect her from the aggressions of the French Republick, she was on the 30th of July, 1798, after an action of an hour and a half, captured by the French privateer L'Heureux Décidé, of Bourdeaux, and the captain.

and some of his passengers carried in the privateer to Passage, and thence to St. Sebastians, where capt. M'Neal eluding the guard set over him made his escape to Madrid, and from thence proceeded to Lisbon. At the time of her capture, the said ship Eliza being the sole and bona fide property of the said Muir & Boyd, was insured as such, and the insurance so recovered.
The books of Muir & Boyd, and the accounts rendered by Caldecough, Boyd & Co. support these facts and are open to the examination and criticism of every honest man.
That in consequence of the capture of the ship Eliza, a disappointment arising to the views of the house in Charleston, as to their having a vessel regularly established in the London trade, after the safe arrival of Capt. M'Neal in London, the December following his being taken, the ship Two Friends being offered for sale, was purchased by their correspondents on the joint account of Muir & Boyd and capt. M'Neal; the former holding three-fourths and the latter one-fourth, in said vessel. That in the year 1802, when the said house of Muir & Boyd stopped payment, the ship Two Friends, immediately after her arrival in Charleston, was offered for sale, when Capt. Neil M'Neal made purchase of their interest in the said ship, and paid them therefor at the rate of 18,000 dollars. That since the said sale, the whole of the said ship has been, as the subscriber hath always understood, and religiously believes, solely owned by Capt. Neil M'Neal, who, on his arrival in London addressed his vessel to the house of Hopkins, Gray & Glover, and not to the house of Caldecough, Boyd & Reid, as insinuated, which said house has always done in London the business of Neil M'Neal, since his purchase of the ship Two Friends.
And further, the subscriber doth declare that neither Caldecough, Boyd & Reid of London, nor any other British merchant, had any interest, share, or profit, in the business transacted by the late house of Muir & Boyd, or by himself in Charleston; and as the subscriber intends, and now solemnly pledges his word, to prosecute the Editors and Publishers of the Farmer's Register , and the Evening Post , (printed at Baltimore,) for libels tending to degrade him in the esteem of his fellow-citizens, and to subject his property to every lawful deprecation, he remains from making any further comments on their false and malicious assertions.
July 29, 1805. Wm. BOYD.
The subscriber, late of the commercial house of Muir & Boyd, of Charleston, having observed with the astonishment which such an impudent and wicked attempt deserved, the publication in the Baltimore Evening Post , respecting the ownership of the ship Two Friends, Capt. Neil M'Neal, recently captured by a French privateer, feel myself called upon by a sense of justice, though entirely uninterested, to state the truth respecting the same. The ship Two Friends was purchased for the house of Muir & Boyd, and Capt. M'Neal, as stated by Mr. Boyd; and I do solemnly aver that the property of said ship was wholly and exclusively in Muir & Boyd and M'Neal, who alone shared the profits, and sustained the losses on said ship, until the embarrassments of their house obliged them to sell their proportion of the ship, which capt. M'Neal purchased; and as far as I am informed, do believe that he remained the sole bona fide owner thereof until she was recently taken. I have been a resident in America, and a citizen of the United States, since the year 1795. Mr. Boyd had been so for some time before the Eliza or the Two Friends were purchased. With respect to the cover of said ship for British owners, I do solemnly aver that the allegation is false, and trust that all who know me, will readily believe me, when I declare that I am utterly incapable of such an act. I do not know that it is at all necessary to go into an explanation of capt. M'Neal's conduct, in going off after he was captured and carried into Passage, and then into Bayonne, without waiting for the trial of his ship; but it may be proper to remark, that the United States were then engaged in a species of mixed equivocal warfare with France, and condemnation so surely followed capture, that it would have been a waste of time for capt. M'Neal to have remained in order to prove the fact of the ship being American, which would not have procured her acquittal.
WILLIAM MUIR. Charleston, 31st July, 1805.
State of South-Carolina, Port of Charleston. These are to certify to all whom it may concern. That the American ship Two Friends, Neil M'Neal, master, was registered at the Custom House in this City, on the nineteenth day of April, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, in the name of William Muir, William Boyd, and Neil M'Neal; under which register she sailed until the eleventh day of May, one thousand eight hundred and two, at which time, the said William Muir and William Boyd sold out the whole of their interest in said ship, to the said Neil M'Neal, in whose name a new register was granted on the day last mentioned, and under which register she has sailed ever since. Given under our hands, at the Custom House aforesaid, this 29th day of July, eighteen hundred and five.
JAMES SIMONS, Collector of the Customs. THOS. WARING, Sen. Naval Officer.
The preceding articles are inserted, with the satisfaction that we shall always take in exposing falsehood and malice, and defending truth and innocence. When we consider the abominable attack which was made upon the character of Mr. Boyd, we are at a loss to conjecture what could induce any one to commit an act, which, amidst all the inundation of slander that has poured from the presses, has not been equalled, for turpitude and malignity.
The capture of the Two Friends excited the publick indignation in no common degree, and it is probable that the administration might have been reproached with more negligence than the occasion merited. But did it follow that the administration could not be vindicated without resorting to falsehood and base detraction? A more detestable crime than perjury cannot be conceived; and yet we perceive it charged upon a respectable citizen, without the smallest foundation.
We leave the Editor with whom the business originated, and those who seconded his efforts, by republication, to receive their reward in the indignation of an honest community, and pass to the polite, liberal and candid Enquirer , who with more address, but equal zeal, has added the sanction of his reputable authority to this tale, with a commentary containing some pretty remarks upon the mercantile character generally, which deserve to be noticed. We republish them from his Paper of the 23d of last month, and have in order to show that his remarks have been appreciated according to their merit, marked some of the most tumid parts in Italick.
From the Richmond Enquirer. CASE OF THE TWO FRIENDS.
The "Farmer's Register" asserts that the ship Two Friends, which was lately captured off Charleston by a French privateer, with a full cargo of dry goods, estimated at 100,000. sterling, was not American property: that she belonged to a house in London, and that her sailing under the American flag was a mere cover to protect her from the enemy. And yet it is under such fraudulent circumstances on the part of British merchants, that we are called upon by the federal critics to execute the highway depredations of French privateers, and the inexcusable remissness of our administration, which withholds its protection from our own lawful commerce.
That this fraudulent protection of property is not confined to English ships, is a fact not likely to be disputed by such as have been initiated in the mysteries and craft of commerce . "We have known (adds the same paper) one man covering the property of individuals belonging to two different nations while at war with each other: nay, there have been instances of the persons claiming the rights and enjoying the privileges of American citizens being concerned at one, and the same time, in French and English privateers, which were committing depredations on the American commerce."
Whilst such mercantile practices as these continue, it is vain to expect that the privateers of belligerent nations will respect the cargo of every vessel, which sails under the American flag: even though it should cover the cargo of the honest American merchant who trades on his own bottom.
And yet when a case of capture occurs, you find that the very men who are the most virulent in denouncing our administration are the friends and satellites of such as have disgraced our flag and endangered our commerce by a fraudulent assumption of American privileges."
The preceding requires no comment, but we are not surprised that our commerce should experience the injury it does, when Editors are found to justify the measure, and assert that those who complain, "are friends and satellites of those who have disgraced our flag, and endangered our commerce by a fraudulent assumption of American privileges." If Mr. Ritchie can spare time, from the important avocation of making Presidents and Governors, we would beg leave to refer him to our paper of the 7th of this month, for the effects of part of that system of plunder, which is attempted to be palliated by assertions, bold as they are false, and by insinuations derogatory to the mercantile character of our country.
Extract from the Annual Register for 1804—of "An Essay on the construction and advantages of light Artillery acting with Infantry, &c. by Major John Adington."
Major Adington, from his experience of the advance and importance of artillery, has recommended a new species of it, which he terms "Infantry Artillery." The weight of the guns to be light three or four pounders, which should be loaded with grape shot and musket bullets, and should be employed in that arduous part which generally belongs to the infantry alone in deciding the fate of engagements. The guns would be stationed in the intervals of companies, and would be worked by six men. Major Adington then calculates that ten guns thus worked, would discharge more than five thousand balls in a minute, and certainly with much greater effect than the same number of balls fired by a battalion, since experience has proved that not more than one bullet in two hundred takes effect.
Major Adington says, and we think with truth, that "the many great advantages which an army thus equipped, would have over troops according to our present establishment, is very obvious. At the longest distance you have a fire from these portable pieces, equal, if not superior, to an incessant fire of small arms at twenty paces only. It would be difficult to suppose a situation either of attack or resistance, in which troops thus appointed could be placed, where their efforts would not be completely successful."
NEW-ORLEANS, July 5.
The sch't Flying Fish, Ant. de Sylva, master, of this port on her return from Campeche was captured at the entrance of the river, by the British Frigate Diana, capt. Maring, which was at anchor at the bar watering, and was sent to Jamaica, having on board a cargo of Logwood and ten thousand dollars in specie. The same frigate had captured a Baltimore schooner from Porto Bello, with a valuable cargo on board.
NEW-YORK, August 5.
Capt. Culver, of the brig Eliza Hamilton, arrived yesterday, obligingly furnished us with a St. Croix paper of the 12th of July, from which we extract the following
PUBLICATION.
The following regulations, which have this day been communicated to both Custom Houses of this island, are hereby made known to the trading part of the community, viz:
1. All sorts of goods, without exception may be imported to St. Croix, from all foreign places, provided said goods be imported either in Danish-European, American, or vessels belong to our Danish West-India islands. 2. No foreign goods are contraband, except those imported in foreign European vessels, which goods remain henceforth, as they hitherto have been prohibited. 3. The duties to be paid on such foreign goods from all foreign places, are as follows: When imported in Danish-European vessels: Articles denominated necessary 5 per cent. Do. less necessary 7 per cent. Do. of luxuries 10 per cent. When imported in American vessels: Articles denominated necessary 5 per cent. Do. less necessary 10 per cent. Do. of luxuries 15 per cent. When imported in our own vessels belonging to our islands, in the same manner as when imported in Danish-European vessels: Which above mentioned regulations commence from the 1st of July ensuing.
PHILADELPHIA, August 8.
Yesterday arrived, the ship Annawan, Holmes, 60 days from Liverpool.—June 22, long. 21, 50, was brought to by the British frigate Cerberus of 40 guns, and boarded by an officer, who informed us, that off the Western Islands they had engaged and captured the new French frigate, Ville de Paris of 44 guns and 350 men, after an action of three and a half hours, and sent her for England; the Cerberus had suffered considerably and lost 17 men killed and 25 wounded, amongst the killed was the first lieutenant and they wounded the captain.
NEWBURN, August 3.
Captain Kinns, who arrived here from St. Augustine via Philadelphia, has furnished the following information.
A privateer was fitted out from Augustine, owned and manned, principally by Americans—their names follow—The privateer's name is—commanded
by capt. Hooper, of Baltimore, Mr. Martin, first lieutenant of ditto, Mr. Robertson, second lieutenant of ditto. Owned by Mr. Lee of Virginia, captain Moody, prize master, Ezra Read of Connecticut, Samuel Bates, of ditto, Mr. Hall, of ditto, Mr. Guyer, of Baltimore, Mr. Boyer, of ditto, Ives White, of Connecticut—these are the only persons, whose names captain Kinns could ascertain.
CONTINUATION OF FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. Via New-York and Barbados.
LONDON, June 13.
The Monitor contains the following article: "Since the English call the late operations of our squadron in the West Indies, plunder, it is but just they should know that this plunder will not be over so soon as they think. We flatter ourselves even that ere a week has passed over our heads intelligence from every part of the world will announce to the English commerce other events of the like nature. We shall then print, perhaps, a little work composed under the eyes of Mr. Pitt, and published by his orders, a short time before the first hostilities, in order to establish the propriety, the advantages and the necessity of the perpetuity of the war against France. This perpetual war then appeared suitable, advantageous and necessary to British rapacity, and to that pride which was even then misplaced, and now nothing less than ridiculous. The proud, the powerful, the circumscript English, hear the departure of the French fleet spoken of when it has taken Dominica; or of the departure of the Toulon squadron, when it was passed the Straits; they will hear no more of it for some months."
"Lastly, they have not heard of the second Rochefort squadron, sailed a long time since, and which the English frigates came to watch and observe not more than eight days. We shall say nothing concerning several large frigates which have been sent out of our ports, to which the English may attach little importance, but which will strike them a blow on those coasts they think hardly known to our seamen. They have been dreaming that there is no longer any wood in our forests, and arsenals, that there exists no longer a maritime population on our coast; let them learn, however, that there are no less than 30 men of war on our stocks, all of which will be ready for sea in 18 months."
"Were all the squadrons which the Emperor has sent forth to perish, after having laid waste the English commerce, great fleets are preparing, and numerous young men are ready to man them; it would be easier for the King of England to be crowned King of France, in Paris itself, than to disinherit the Great Nation from the commerce of the world. It is not that we entertain the haughty idea of preventing England from being a great and powerful nation, but we wish to share with her the commerce of India and America; and we will not suffer the English to have any possession in the Mediterranean, Gibraltar excepted."
"If the English ministry purpose sending forth secret expeditions to these possessions which are too weekly garrisoned, to what point will they direct these forces? To the coast of Africa, where they are null? To the island of Ceylon, where they will be but few in proportion to the danger? To the coasts of Coromandel, Malabar, and Bengal, where they will also be insufficient? To Jamaica, where they will be inferior to the want? To Canada, to Surinam, Demerara, &c.? We do not entertain the ridiculous pretensions of conquering every where; but we wish every where to destroy our enemy, to destroy his commerce every where; to be in short the strongest wherever we please to present ourselves. The Insurance Companies will do well to augment their rates from day to day, for until peace be signed, they will have pretty pickings. We inform them thus publicly, that there is not an important part of the vast ocean, where French ships are not cruising. But the conditions of the peace we are speaking of are simple; and the peace of Amiens; the whole peace of Amiens, nothing but the peace of Amiens; France will never sign any other."
June 18.
French papers were received yesterday to the 9th inst. among which is the Bulletin de l'Europe (formerly Le Redacteur , a demi-official paper). In this we find two letters, the one dated "Berlin, May 21," the other "Hamburg, May 29." The object of those letters is to inculcate a belief, that negotiations for a General Peace are even now on the tapis . They say, that a Congress is to be held at Brussels, where M. Novozilskoff is to offer the mediation of Russia, joined ( re-uni is the remarkable word) with that of Prussia, who also sends thither an Ambassador. Prince Joseph Buonaparte, it is said, is there to resume his diplomatic functions; the Congress to meet in the middle of July; and the port of Ostend to be opened for communications from England. We have uniformly been of opinion, that a sort of preliminary negotiation is going on through the medium of Russia, but do not give any credit to this story of a Congress at Brussels.
June 20.
In a Riga newspaper, of the latter end of April, is inserted a very polite letter from the Emperor of Russia to the ci-devant French General Moreau, at Cadiz, in which his Majesty informs him, that he has appointed him a General of the Infantry, with the pay attached to that rank; and moreover granted him a sum of 12,000 roubles to defray the expenses of his journey to Russia. Among other expressions used by his Imperial Majesty on this occasion, are the following—"Discharge your duty in my service, and I will do justice to that fame which you have acquired in Europe."
By a person, who left the squadron off Bologna, on Sunday last, we learn, that it is computed there are in that harbour and the adjacent ones nearly 200 vessels of various descriptions ready for sea, in every respect, except men , and that praams, drogers and luggers continue to arrive daily.
It is said Buonaparte has resolved to incorporate the Ligurian Republic with the kingdom of Italy; and that the number of his troops at Leghorn has been augmented to 3000, among whom are 600 Corsicans; a circumstance which has very naturally excited the most general disgust among the inhabitants. A private letter from Hamburg of the 11th inst. contains the following article:—According to advice from Lyons of the 30th ult. a second naval armament is fitting out at Toulon, which is to consist of six sail of the line, exclusive of frigates and other armed vessels. The utmost activity prevailed at Toulon and all the other French harbours, to put the French Navy on a most formidable footing. These letters boast, that in less than four years, the naval force will consist of 150 sail of the line. A body of troops is collected near Toulon, in order to embark on a secret expedition; and near Rochfort, a camp is formed for the same purpose.
CUSTOM-HOUSE—ENTERED.
Ship Brutus, Prendegast, New-York. Brig Rising Sun, Lynton, Havanna. Sch't Experiment, Nash, Antigua. Idle-Times, Cappee, York.
CLEARED.
Sch't Margaret Tingey, English, Savannah. Sloop Washington, Kollock, Wilmington. Three Sisters, Barber, Petersburg. Sloop George, Held, Guadalupe.
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED. Brig Rising Sun, Lynton, 10 days from Havanna, Sugar, and Molasses, Theo. Armistead and John Galvey. Sch't Experiment, Nash, 19 days from Antigua, Rum, Nash and Chowning. Ship Brutus, Prendegast, 9 days from New-York, Ballast, Thomas Payson & Co.
AUCTION.
TOMORROW, at 11 o'clock, WILL BE SOLD, BEFORE THE NEW MARKET, 18 Tierces of excellent RICE—And 5 Puncheons of well flavoured Antigua RUM. Terms of sale, ready Cash. John Stratton. 73
FIRE WORKS.
By Mr. ST. AUBIN, (FOR THE LAST TIME THIS SEASON.) The Ladies and Gentlemen of Norfolk, are respectfully informed, that Mr. St. Aubin will have the honour to entertain them again, on the New Bridge.
THIS EVENING, AUGUST 14 With a grand display of Fire Works, Which will be fixed on the DRAW BRIDGE, and exhibited in the following order:—
1. An elegant piece called Battle of Butterflies, which changes into an Eclipse, then into four brilliant Suns. 2. An Horizontal Piece, called The Sheaf, strikingly imitated—transfers itself into a beautiful Flower—then changes its form and colour in a very agreeable and surprising manner. 3. A grand Girandole, (a complicated piece) turning with rapidity in different directions—terminates with a Roman Candle, pouring forth a number of Bazing Meteors to a great height. 4. A grand splendid Sun, of various colours, adorned in the centre with a bright Flower—revolves with great velocity—ends in a dazzling brilliancy. Several beautiful Sky Rockets will be fired to announce the exhibition, which will commence precisely at 8 o'clock—Mr. St. A. has spared neither pains or expense, to gratify the sight of the spectators. He flatters himself he will not be frustrated in his attempt to please. The Toll of the Bridge will be paid as usual. * Ice Creams, Liquors, &c. will be provided by Mr. St. Aubin, who will also procure a sufficient number of Benches for the accommodation of Ladies. 71
NOW LANDING,
From on board the Ship Marcelus, Captain Langton, 50 Hogsheads Havanna MOLASSES. And from on board The Solano, Captain Sprague, 70 Hogsheads Jamaica RUM. For sale by William Pennock. August 14. 70
Avis aux Refugiés de Saint Domingue.
LE Sous-Commissaire des relations commerciales de France en Virginie à la résidence de Norfolk, prévient les Colons de Saint Domingue, réfugiés en Virginie, qui sont dans le cas d'obtenir leur passage pour France, que dorénavant, il ne sera plus accordé de passage sur les bâtiments particulier; que les colons qui désirent passer en France devront se faire inscrire au Commissariat, où, en conséquence, un liste restera ouverte pendant quinze à compter de ce jour 14 Août 1805; et que ceux, qui négligeront de se présenter et ne profiteront pas du premier bâtiment qui sera prêt, ne seront plus admis à demander leur passage.
Norfolk, le 14 Août, 1805. OSTR. 69
LOST ON MONDAY LAST,
A NOTE of Mr. William Pennock, in favour of Captain W. J. Richardson, payable at the United States Bank, for Eight Hundred Dollars, at 60 days, and dated 25th July. As payment is stopped, it cannot be of service to any person, if found I should be obliged by its being returned. Edward Roberts. August 14. 73
FOR NANTZ,
The good, fast sailing Ship BRUTUS, Captain PENDERGAST. Burthen 370 hds. or thereabouts—a vessel well calculated to carry tobacco to France. For freight or passage, having excellent accommodations, apply to the Master on board, lying at Mr. Blow's wharf, Portsmouth, or Thomas Payson & Co. At Mr. Fisk's Store. August 14. 74
FOR PHILADELPHIA,
The Schooner CHARMING MARY, Charles Potter, Master. Having two-thirds of her cargo on board, will sail in a few days. For freight or passage, having excellent accommodations, apply to the Master on board, or Thomas Allan. August 14.
FOR FREIGHT, OR CHARTER,
The American Ship REBECCA, GILBERT FOWLER, Master. Burthen 450 hogsheads tobacco, in complete order to receive a cargo, and will be ready in 15 days. For terms, apply to Phinehas Dana & Co. Who have received per said Ship from Bonavista, 10,000 Bushels coarse white packing SALT. For Sale, on moderate terms, if taken from alongside. July 15. 819
SALE AT AUCTION.
On Friday the 16th day of August, will be Sold, At Publick Auction, on Commerce-Street Wharf, Sale to commence at 10 o'clock.
THE ENTIRE CARGO OF THE BRIG NANCY,
AS IT ARRIVED FROM THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, Consisting of the following articles, viz: 125 Casks, containing 15,000 gallons CAPE WINE, some of a superior quality. 22 do. of CONSTANTIA, MUSCAT, & STEEN WINES. 2 Cases of CONSTANTIA WINE. 80 Casks, } ALOES—Containing 50,000 lbs. 63 Casks, } 19 Casks, containing 9,000 lbs. of TAMARINDS. 10 Cases of ARRACK. 250 lbs. NUTMEGS. 4 Hogsheads BRANDY, with some other articles. Terms of sale, will be—all sums under 100 dollars cash—all sums above 100 and not exceeding 1000, notes with approved indorsers, at 60 days—and for all sums above 1000 dollars, notes at 120 and 180 days. John Granbery, v. M. July 17. 3
WANTS EMPLOYMENT,
A PERSON who has a perfect knowledge of Book Keeping, both Double and Single Entry, and of Accounts and Mercantile concerns generally—Merchants, Traders, or Merchants wanting an Assistant, or their Books brought up; may engage with the Advertiser on easy terms, as he is unemployed at present.—He would have no objection to go to the country. A line addressed to S. C. and left at the Intelligence Office No. 4, Commerce Street, next door but one to Little Water Street, will meet due attention. July 7. 81

R ANAWAY from the Subscriber in Warwick County, yesterday morning the 11th instant, my Negro fellow SOUTHY, a tall black fellow, about six feet high, 28 years old; he may be well known by a knot on one of his legs just above his ankle bone, about the size of an ounce ball. His dress as well as I recollect, is a light cotton striped short jacket, and trousers of the same. I will give a reward of Twenty Dollars for said fellow if delivered to me, or secured in jail so that I may get him again. All Masters of vessels and others, are forewarned harbouring or carrying him away.
Warwick County, August 12. 3* 68
George Parker.
LOST—YESTERDAY MORNING, Between the United States Bank, and the Lower Bridge, A GOLD CHAIN AND SMALL RED SEAL, with the impression of a HOUND—A Mulatto Boy was seen to pick it up—A liberal reward will be given to any person who will leave it at the Ledger Office. Offered for sale, it is hoped it will be stopped and information given.
August 9. 53
FOR SALE—BY THE SUBSCRIBER, 75 Puncheons Winward Island RUM. 6 do. 4th proof Old Jamaica do. 5 do. New England do. 30 Pipes Best Holland GIN. 8 Hogsheads and 24 Barrels Country do. 8 Pipes 4th proof Cognac BRANDY. 11 do. do. Alicant do. 10 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE. 17 Pipes Fine Old Sack do. 70 Crates well assorted EARTHEN WARE. 2 Hershels do. assorted for family use. 12 Casks GLASS WARE—well assorted. 200 Sacks Liverpool SALT—Also. 70 Hds. Richmond and Petersburg TOBACCO. 35 do. Lowland do. 104 Barrels Superior, } FLOUR. 90 do. Fine, } 27 do. SHIP STUFF.
A. Machure.
August 7. 48
FOR SALE, ON BOARD THE SHIP FRANKLIN, 120 Firkins Choice Boston BUTTER, Fit for Family use.—Apply to
Moses Myers.
August 7. 49
LANDING AT COMMERCE-STREET WHARF, FROM SHIP MILTON, 27 Puncheons High Proof Jamaica RUM. 7 do. MOLASSES. AND FROM SCHONER BRILLIANT, A few Puncheons choice Windward Island RUM. For sale by
Redmon & Frith.
August 7. 52
LANDING THIS DAY, ON NEWTON'S WHARF, The Cargo of the Schooner DIANA, —Baptist, Master, from St. Bartholomew, 22 Hogsheads, } CHOICE SUGAR. 24 Barrels, } 9 Hogsheads RUM. 5 Pipes TENERIFFE WINE. And a parcel Manufactured IRON WARE. Moses Myers.
July 12. 818
THE SUBSCRIBER Offer for Sale, at their Warehouse on Commerce Street Wharf, 86 Barrels Prime, } PORK. 14 do. Cargo, } Received per Schooner Weymouth, Capt. Weymouth, from New-York. Phineas Dana & Co.
August 5. 43
NOTICE. ALL persons having claims against the Estate of the late William Aitchison, Esq. are desired to send them to the subscriber, and those indebted are requested to make payment to
Mary Aitchison, Administrator.
June 29. 783
TO RENT. THE Store, Cellar, and Compting Room, No. 41, Main-Street, at present occupied by Messrs. GILLIAT & MACKINDER. Apply to
Thomas Willock.
April 1. 547
THE SUBSCRIBER Having opened Tavern in the EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE, will be glad to take in TEN OR TWELVE GENTLE BOARDERS by the year.
Peter Kemp.
May 6. 615
REMOVAL. JAMES TUCKER, Has removed to No. 1, Holt's Lane, near Main-Street, WHERE HE OFFERS FOR SALE, ON REASONABLE TERMS, HIS STOCK IN TRADE, CONSISTING OF A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF HARDWARE, NAILS, &c.
May 8. 639
MARTIN FISK, Has this day landed from the Ship Glory, from Liverpool, AN ELEGANT ASSORTMENT OF CUT GLASS, For family use—such as Decanters, Wine Glasses, & Tumblers.
July 5. 795
A SINGLE MAN, Who writes a fair hand, and understands the French language well, will meet with an eligible situation by applying at the Office of the Publick Ledger.
July 26. 19
NORFOLK HOTEL.
THE Subscriber informs his friends and the publick, that he has opened an HOTEL in that convenient house formerly the NAVY TAVERN No. 128 Main-Street, where he hopes by his attention, to give satisfaction to those who may favour him with their company.
He will always keep the best liquors: and Private Parties will be furnished with Dinners, Suppers, or Relishes, at the shortest notice.
BOARDERS accommodated by the week, month, or year Henry Benbridge.
October 9. 170
NOW LANDING From on board the Brig Fanny, from Newbern, and Schooner Lydia, from Annapolis, 179 Hogsheads MOLASSES. 129 do. RUM. For sale by
William Pennock.
May 27. 716
FOR SALE, 12 Puncheons ANTIGUA RUM. 15 do. GRENADA do. 5 Pipes HOLLAND GIN. 20 do. COUNTRY do. 12 do. FRENCH BRANDY. 8 do. ALICANT do. 22 Qr. Casks SHERRY WINE. 10 do. MALAGA do. PORT AND CLARET WINE, in casks & bottles. 6 Barrels PORK— and about 1000 Dozen PORTER, o fine light winters flock, equal to any imported.
Joseph Hayes.
August 24. 1f
NOTICE.
THE PARTNERSHIP OF SAMUEL SAUNDERS & Co.
This day dissolved by mutual consent, and those who have accounts with the said firm, will please come forward for immediate settlement to SAMUEL SAUNDERS, who is duly authorized by the concern to adjust the same.
Samuel Saunders.
P. Henop.
N. B. The business in future, will be carried on by SAMUEL SAUNDERS, and ROBERT C. JENNINGS, and Co. under the firm of SAMUEL SAUNDERS & Co.
July 12. 814
NOW LANDING ON NEWTON'S WHARF, From on board the Brig Brothers, Capt. Dunn, from Jamaica, 124 Hogsheads, } PRIME JAMAICA SUGARS. 11 Barrels, } For sale by
William Pennock.
August 2. 37
LANDING THIS DAY ON OUR WHARF, From on board the Maria & Mary, from Grenada, 86 Puncheons RUM. 20 Hogsheads MOLASSES. 1 Puncheon SHIRAZ. 1 Barrel LIME JUICE. And from on board the British Brig Brothers, from Kingston. 40,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE. IN STORE, 50,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE. 36,000 lbs. Porto Rico do. 20 Barrels Baltimore LOAF SUGAR. 150 Barrels Superior FLOUR. 50 Hogsheads Petersburg TOBACCO. 20 Puncheons Grenada RUM. 20 Barrels Prime PORK. 25 Bales Upland COTTON. All of which we will dispose of on moderate terms.
G. & F. Whittle.
August 2. 33
NOW LANDING, 90 Bags Prime Green COFFEE. For sale by
Moses Myers.
July 22. 14
GILLIAT & MACKINDER, Have received their assortment of SPRING GOODS, By the ship DUMFRIES, from London.—Assorted Packages for exportation, entitled to drawback.
April 24. 622
250 Barrels Superior, } FLOUR. 230 do. Fine, } 100 do. X Midlings, } 150 do. do. } 50 do. Ship, } BREAD. 90 do. Navy, } 10 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE. For Sale by
JAMES MAURICE & CO.
April 12. 589
To Lease—For Eleven Years, THAT VALUABLE LOT OF LAND, on the corner of Commerce and Little Water Streets.—For further particulars, apply to
J. Tucker.
August 2. 53
IRISH LINENS. THE SUBSCRIBER Has received in addition to his London Goods, a large assortment of Irish Linens, Sheetings, Diapers, Dowlas, Hardware, &c. Per Ship Charleston, Captain Hall, from Liverpool, which he will dispose of on the most reasonable terms.
Richard Taylor.
May 31. 729
300 Pieces Twilled SACKING.
Richard Taylor.
May 31. 729
COW-POX.
THOSE persons who wish to avoid catching the Small-Pox which now exists in this Borough, are informed that the subscriber has again succeeded in introducing the Vaccine Infection, and that he now has several arms fit to inoculate from.
He has returned to his old shop at the lower end of the new market.
George Balfour.
Nov. 16. 926
AN APPRENTICE wanted. State of North-Carolina, } Superior Court of Law Edenton District, } and Equity—April Term, 1805.
WILLS COWPER, Complainant
vs.
Thomas Newton, Richard Blow, Wm. Vaughan, Slaughter, as the President and Directors or the Dismal Swamp Canal Company, and William Davies, William Plume, and Theoderick Armistead, Defendants.
The Defendants in the above cause having failed to appear and put in their answer to the Complainants Bill of complaint, and it being made appear to the satisfaction of the Court that the said Thomas Newton, Richard Blow, William Vaughan, Slaughter, William Davies, William Plume, and Theoderick Armistead, are not to be found in this State; It is therefore ordered, that unless they do appear and put in their answers to the said Bill of Complaint, on or before the first day of our said Court of Equity, to be held for the District of Edenton, at the Court-House in the Town of Edenton, on the Sixth Day of October next, that the said Bill shall then be taken pro confesso and act for hearing exparte.—And it is further ordered that the Clerk and Master of this Court do cause this order to be published in the Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger, for the space of three weeks successively, that the said Defendants may have notice thereof. By Order, Alex. Millen, C. & M. E. E. D. St. 813
NEW CUT-NAIL MANUFACTORY, ON TOWN POINT, A small distance below County Wharf, Wide Water Street.
THE Subscriber has, at a considerable expense, fitted up, in addition to his other business, a complete set of machinery, adequate to finish 500 to 600 lbs. of Nails daily. He is also provided with a good stock of Iron; and with a sufficient number of skilful workmen. He has on hand a constant supply of Nails, Flooring Brads, and Sprigs, which he offers for Sale at the reduced prices as follows, by the keg, viz.
  10d, 12d, 20d, Nails, 8d per lb.   8d, do. 9d per lb.   Sheathing do. 7 1-2d per lb.   Cd. do. 10d per lb.   4d, do. 5s per M.   5d, do. 7 1-2d do.   8d, 10d, 12d, and 20d, Brads, 3d per lb.   6d, do. 4s 6d per M.   4d, do. 3s do.   3d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do.   2d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do. 
ALSO—HOOP AND BAR-IRON ASSORTED.
LEVIN DORSEY.
March 18. 503
JUST RECEIVED, Per the Ship Ranton, from Alton, and for sale by the Subscriber, 200 Hogsheads Choice RED WINE. 3,500 Bushels SALT.
Moses Myers.
July 8. 800
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
R ANAWAY from the Subscriber in January last, a Negro Man named DAVEY—about 45 years of age, and pretends to be a Baptist; was formerly the property of Mr. Fatherly, on the Western Branch—he has been seen in Nansemond, where he has a wife, who lives with Mr. Lightfoot. I forewarn all persons employing him, and will give the above reward, to any person who will apprehend and lodge him in jail, that I get him again, or deliver him to me in Portsmouth.
Robert Barclay.
Portsmouth, August 5. 45
JOHN C. NIEMEYER, Has received in addition to his former assortment GERMAN GOODS, 45 packages German Linens, &c. chiefly entitled to drawback,
Containing  Platillas, brown Hollands, Britanias, Sheetings, extra fine 1 1-8 yard wide, Dowlas and Creas of the best quality, Shirtdown, Diapers, Bed Ticking for Matrasses, Bed Bunts fine 1 1-4 to 2 yards wide, Ticklenburgs, Osnaburgs, Brown Hempen Hessian, Brown and White Rolls, Russia Sheetings and light Canvas.  Also, Velvet Ribbons no. 2 to 150, Push for Salders, black Satin for waistcoats, Brussels Lace 4 to 20 dols. per yard, cheap Edgings, German Nuns Thread, patent Needles, India sew ag Silk, Made Shirts, Thread Stockings very fine, Razors, Spectacles, and Penknives, of the very first qualities, Cheap Jewellery, fine Scissors, Muffs and Tippets of Martin Skins, 15 boxes Tumblers, Decanters, Wine Glasses, and Basket Flasks, &c. 3 Boxes English Mustard. 8 bales Cloths, Blankets, Coatings, &c. Andirons, Waffleiron, Coffee mills, Bird cages, and Seeds of all kinds, Table matts, & Straw plates, Suspenders of the best kind, Violins, Flutes, Clarinets and Fifes, Harp strings and Violin strings, elegant Bowand Instruction books Looking Glasses, a large assortment of Baskets, fine and common do. do. Toys cheap by the quantity.  Also, 90 boxes first quality Havana Segars, 50 do. good quality St Jago do. 140 do. Short Pipes, 200 lbs. Shoe Thread, 2000 Coffee bags good quality, 400 Gunny do. 250 M. com cheap Needles, 60 M. Toy marbles, 1 case lower quality Quills, &c.  I will sell the above Goods low for cash or approved bills, or in barter for Coffee, and will take in payment One Hundred Hogsheads good Tobacco STEMS.—Apply as above.
December 5. 273
TO RENT,
THE Warehouses at present occupied by James Herron on my wharf, capable of storing 4,000 barrels flour, and free from danger of high tides.—Possession may be had of them on the first of September next; if agreeable, the Wharf may be had with them.
Also, for Lease, for a term of Years,
The Wharf adjoining mine, newly repaired, 56 1-2 feet in front, running back from 2 to 250 feet, with sufficient well made ground for the erection of warehouses—at the end of the wharf, there is water for any ship, with a convenient Lumber Yard. For terms apply to
John Davis.
Portsmouth, July 29. 2aw 23
POLYGRAPHICK PAINTING.
THIS art, so long kept a secret and exclusively practised by the Polygraphick Society in London, is now in the possession of a citizen of the United States lately arrived from Europe; who proposes to execute, by subscription, two hundred copies from an original Allegorical Painting in the Shakespeare Gallery, New-York, by permission of the Proprietor: being
A PORTRAIT OF WASHINGTON,
Supported by Liberty, Virtue, and Justice. Virtue is holding the emblem of the reward he merited. In the right of the piece, America, characterised as an Ab-origina, is seated in a pensive posture, lamenting her loss. In the left is Painting turning to History, for a subject worthy of her art, who is supposed to answer,
"THERE IS NONE MORE WORTHY THAN WASHINGTON."
The whole forming a more emblematical tribute to the memory of that great man, than has yet been offered to the publick.
To those who esteem his publick services and his private worth, and to the Patrons of improvements in the fine arts, this work is dedicated. Such as are already furnished with different engravings on this subject, will, it is hoped, still find room for the present undertaking, when they consider, that it will be a Painting, and the design new, executed by a process, which renders it more durable than oil painting—that it requires no glass—that while their prints contain, perhaps a faint resemblance only, this work affords a correct likeness, with the addition of six beautiful allegorical figures. The price also is reduced so as to leave, on comparative merits, no objection.
Subscriptions, at Eight Dollars each, payable on delivery, (which is very little more than the price of an engraving of the same size) are received by Conrad & Co. Booksellers, Philadelphia, and Bonsal, Conrad & Co. Norfolk.
IT IS ALSO PROPOSED TO EXECUTE
Portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Washington, by the same process, on subscription, of Four dollars and fifty cents each. It is a principal aim of this work, to produce the most correct likenesses of this amiable couple.
The Artist presumes that the secret art of Polygraphick Painting is known only to himself, in the United States; having travelled from the Carolinas to Massachusetts, without finding a master of it. By this Art, original paintings may be multiplied, so as to render it difficult to point out the difference. The Polygraphick picture, of the two, when compared together, is the most brilliant, and the nature of the process cannot fail rendering it more durable. In fine, the whole is so exact and beautiful a copy, that the mind is lost in conjecture as to the method in which it is executed. Philadelphia, June 4, 1805. IawIN. 777
JUST RECEIVED, By the ship Roba & Betsey, Capt. Richardson from London, and for sale by the Subscriber,
A LARGE SUPPLY OF DRUGS AND MEDICINES, of all kinds.
Patent Medicines, Perfumery, &c. &c.
Also received by the ship Admira, Capt. Stover,
A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, Consisting of Amputating, Trepanning, Cupping, Mdivifery. Tooth of different sorts, Crown and Common Lancets, and Surgical Pocket Instruments &c. &c.
HARDHAM'S SNUFF, No. 9.
Also, by the ship Olive Branch, Capt. Le Breton from Bristol,
A LARGE & EXTENSIVE ASSORTMENT OF
GLASS & FURNITURE, For Apothecary's and Practitioner's Shops.
Those who favour us with their orders will be supplied on the most reasonable terms, and the articles of the best and freshest quality, as our importations are regularly twice a year, and laid in with cash, from the most respectable Druggists in London.
MEDICINE CHESTS made up as usual.
Also, a few elegant Mahogany Chests of the newest construction, with furniture complete,
PERRY'S ANTI-BILLIOUS PILLS.
Frederick Heermann & Son.
July 17. 2aw 12m. 1
JUST PUBLISHED,
And for Sale at the Book Stores of BONSAL, CONRAD & Co. and A. C. JORDAN & Co. Price 62 1/2 Cents.
REVOLUTIONARY ANNALS,
Or History of the French Revolution, from the Convocation of the States-General to the peace of Amiens.
PART THE FIFTH.
Translated from the MS. of J. H. de Croisewill, By L. H. GIRARDIN, Professor of Modern Languages, &c. &c. in William and Mary College.
July 12. 816
TO UNDERWRITERS, MERCHANTS, &c.
THE Subscriber, Proprietor of the Royal Gazette and Balama Advertiser, published at Nassau, has been, and purposes to continue transmitting, by every opportunity, early and correct information to subscribers in Europe and America, of the arrivals, clearances, captures, and misfortunes, that may happen to vessels about these and the different West India Islands.
As the procuring and forwarding such information, will occupy much time, and be attended with considerable expense—to insure this attention, it will be necessary that men interested in mercantile and other information, should subscribe with liberality to his Gazette. It is published twice a week, price eight dollars and a half per annum. One half in advance.
SUBSCRIPTIONS
Will be received in London, by the proprietor of the Courier; at Liverpool, by Messrs. T. & J. Moss, merchants, and the proprietor of the Mercantile Chronicle; at Greenock, by the proprietor of the Advertiser; at Dublin, by Esq. American Consul in Savannah, by the proprietor of the Museum; in Charleston, by the proprietors of The City Gazette, The Courier, and The Times; in Norfolk, by the proprietor of the Publick Ledger; in Baltimore, by Mr. C. Douglass, and the proprietors of the American; in Philadelphia, by Mr. C. P. Wayne, and the proprietor of the True American; in New-York, by T. & J. Swards, E. Sergeant & Co. and the proprietors of the Morning Chronicle, and of the Daily Advertiser.
ROBERT WILSON.
Nassau, (New-Providence,) June 23.
NOTICE.
CONCERT-HALL,
Boston, May, 1805.
THE Subscriber respectfully informs his Friends and the Publick, and those Gentlemen of the Southern States who may visit this part of the Continent, during the summer season, that the house known by the name of Concert Hall, situate in a very central and pleasant part of the town, (corner of Court and Hanover Streets) has been fitted up at a very great expense with the greatest accomodations. Those Gentlemen who may wish for Boarding and Lodging, it is presumed cannot find a more eligible and convenient house, or a more grateful reception than from the present occupant of Concert Hall, whose assiduity to serve them shall exceed the liberality of their patronage.
765 IawSm T. WHITCOMB.
TO PRINTERS.
Having had advice of a Font of Letter being shipped for me from England, I will dispose of