Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1807-04-08 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE And PUBLICK LEDGER  INT HIC ETIAM SUA PREMIA LAUDIS
VOL. III.]
WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 8, 1807.
[NO. 114.]
THIS PAPER IS PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A WEEK PRICE TO SUBSCRIBERS FIVE DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE—SINGLE PAPER TWELVE AND ONE HALF CENTS—ADVERTISEMENTS ARE INSERTED AT THE RATE OF FIFTY CENTS FOR THE FIRST, AND TWENTY FIVE CENTS PER SQUARE FOR EACH SUCCEEDING INSERTION.
For LONDON, The Ship LIVE OAK, Gerrad Yarrell, master, will sail within 20 days, the greater part of her cargo being en- gaged; for freight of a few bales of Cotton, or other light goods, apply to the master on board at my wharf, or the master on board at my wharf, or the subscriber William Pennock.
April 3. For GREENOCK, The Ship INDUSTRY, N. Wright, Master, will positively sail in 15 days. For freight of a few bales of Cotton, or other light goods, apply to the master on board at my wharf, or the subscriber William Pennock.
April 3. For LIVERPOOL, The fast sailing Ship BETSEY, Captain Treadwell, will sail in 15 days. For passage only (having good accommodations) apply to the master on board, or Alexander Maclure.
April 3. For Freight or Charter, The Brig ROEBUCK, Tho's Bolan, master, burthen 270 hds. tobacco; a freight to France would be preferred. Apply to Noble, & Arbuthnott, & Co.
April 3. For Freight or Charter, The fine new Schooner Virginia Ann, William Hodson, master, burthen about 100 tons, will carry 800 barrels. For terms apply to the master on board, or to Daniel R. Waddey, & Co.
April 3. For PHILADELPHIA, The Sloop SALLY, Capt. J. Williams, a good vessel. For freight or passage apply to the master on board, or to Rowland & Triplet.
April 3. For FREIGHT or CHARTER, The ship WILLIAM & MARY, Erasmus Tipling, master—burthen 2,000 barrels. Apply to Noble, & Arbuthnott, & Co.
April 1. The Ship Good Hope, burthen 187 tons, or 1800 barrels, is offered for charter, and can be ready to receive a cargo immediately. For terms apply to the master on board, or to Christopher Fry.
March 30. For NANTZ, The good Brig Pandora, burthen 230 tons, having most of her cargo engaged, she will sail in ten days. For freight of a few articles of convenient stowage, or passage, apply to John Newell, jun.
March 30. For FREIGHT or CHARTER, The Phil'a built Ship William Penn, coppered, burthen 360 tons, now ready to re- ceive a cargo. Apply to Edward Watson.
Who has for Sale, 3 Trunks excellent Linen; 7 doz. Chairs; 1 case Umbrellas, well assorted. March 23.
For CHARLESTON, The fine new Schooner Ploughboy, Frederick Hall, master, will be ready to sail about the 1st of April, fitted out elegantly as a packet, and intended as a regular trader from this to Charleston and Baltimore. For freight or passage apply to the master on board, or to D. R. Waddey, & Co.
Who have just received, 20 barrels Whiskey; 15,000 wt. Coffee, of good quality, which they offer for sale at reduced prices. March 20.
For Amsterdam, The elegant new Ship GEORGIANA, Edward Chamberlain, master. For freight apply to Moses Myers.
March 18. I want to Charter, A British SHIP, of from 150 to 300 tons. March 6. MOSES MYERS.
FOR SALE, On board the ship Betsey, from Liverpool. 7,000 bushels coarse Salt 1168 sacks fine do. filled in Liverpool 94 crates Earthenware.
The BETSEY is a fine fast sailing ship, almost new, and will return direct to Liverpool—for freight apply to A. MACLURE. Who has also in store for sale, 58 crates Earthenware, 16 cases Glassware 8 gross Bottles in crates, 16 pipes Cognac Brandy 8 pipes fine old Sillery Wine, 2 boxes coarse Hats 5 boxes Pipes, 3 boxes Castle Soap 11 cases Amuseed, one dozen each 7 cases Claret Wine. Feb. 25—tf
The American Ship AMIALE ANTONIETTE, Captain Williams, burthen 450 hogheads to- bacco, is offered for Charter by C. & F. Whittle. December 17.
Landing from on board the Schooner Wey- mouth, captain W. W. Weymouth, 10 pipes of old Cognac Brandy, and a few bundles of Hay, which will be sold low by apply- ing to John Brown, Marsden's wharf. March 30.
FROM THE LITCHFIELD MONITOR. Mr. Collier, Sir, Having observed much whining in the Witness , a paper published in Litchfield, by Selleck Osborn, about his persecution, &c. and the cruel, unjusti- fiable and unwarrantable treatment of sheriff Lan- don, towards him, at the time he was imprisoned by order of your court; I am induced to communi- cate, for you to make such use of it as you see fit, the following account of the oppressive treatment he has received, as related by himself to a gentle- man residing in Saratoga county in the state of N. York; (whose name you are at liberty to use in case the truth of the relation should be questioned. Your's, &c. W.
Some time in the month of August last the gen- tleman alluded to above, being on a visit to his friends in Litchfield, was invited by them, they being all democrats, to call at the jail to see the "persecuted" Osborn. He yielded to their impor- tunities, and was introduced into Osborn's "dark and gloomy cell, almost shut out from the light of Heaven," which was (according to the report of your visiting committee) "filled with damp vapours, and the seeds of dire diseases." After being seated, and the usual compliments had passed, he was not a little astonished on looking round and observing, not only the light of the sun, shining through the pales at the windows, but a comfortable white- washed room, tolerably furnished! He observed to Osborn, that he and his friends must have been at considerable expense, to give the room so different an appearance from what it had been at the time he had been so rudely thrust into it by Mr. Landon. Osborn said he had not been at any expense, for he did not like to expend money on it, not knowing how long he should be a tenant. Mr. S. observed, that he had drawn his inference from the " Witness ," and supposed it correct—Osborn said, that the gen- tleman could readily see the necessity of holding on such an idea to the PEOPLE in the paper. Some other conversation passed, when Mr. S. took occasion to observe, that Mr. Landon's conduct towards him, (O.) must have been highly oppressive, and totally unprecedented. Osborn said no—that Mr. Landon had treated him in every respect like a gen- tleman, and that he had nothing in his treatment to complain of—that Mr. Landon shewed him every room in the prison, and gave him his choice, which he made: That the statements made in the Witness about Mr. Landon's oppressive conduct, &c. were such as his friends thought it best to make, and such as they all thought most likely to make an impression on the people. Osborn said further, that he had had encou- raging offers to edit a newspaper elsewhere; which he probably should accept, so soon as his friends thought the object for which he suffered himself to be impri- soned was attained. That gentlemen stood ready to give bail for him, as soon as his friends should think it would no longer ANSWER A GOOD PURPOSE TO STAY IN JAIL, but that he should cheerfully continue there as long as his friends thought it for the good of the republican cause that he should stay.— Mr. S. soon left the room, and the state, but stands ready to establish the correctness of the above statement.
* The name of the gentleman referred to is left with the printer.
Every year's experience serves to shew the neces- sity of attending to the improvement of the pub- lick roads, so requisite to the comfort and conve- nience of the people; this conviction induces us to publish the following: ON TURNPIKE ROADS.
From the Caledonian Mercury, published in Edinburgh. MR. PRINTER,
Being frequently obliged, by business, to traverse different parts of this country, I sometimes offer to the public such observations as occur, through the channel of your paper. And as I am just now re- turned from an excursion to the north, I beg leave to submit to your readers a few remarks on the state of the road, as I conceive it to be a subject of very general importance.
To the northward of the Forth, I found the roads in general bad. But, beyond Perth, they were so excessively deep, as to be nearly impassable. Tired and jaded, as a traveller must be, in going through a country in those circumstances, it is natural to think that the subject should be frequently started in conversation. This was my case; and I was not a little surprised to find, that, among a numerous set of people, who are in general possessed of quick parts and sound understanding, prejudices should so generally prevail against the erection of turnpikes. This appeared to me one of the strongest instances of the force of habit and prejudice that I had ever observed.
It is, I think, impossible to devise a tax that, in its operation, is so fair and equitable, as a toll for making and keeping roads in repair; because it is the persons who are benifted by the roads, and they alone, who thus are made to pay for it; and it is exacted only from those who damage those ve- ry roads that the money they give is to repair. Yet in this instance, we find that multitudes, instead of wishing to remove from themselves a heavy load by laying a part of it on strangers and travellers, choose voluntarily to subject themselves to a heavy tax, that others may be freed from it. Common sense would dictate, that national prejudices should have been in favour of turnpikes, and against the statute labour, had not experience discovered the contrary.
In talking on this subject, I found one objection
very universally urged against turnpikes, viz. that those parts of the country are yet too poor for ad- mitting of them and travellers too few to pay for the expense of turnpike keeping, &c. But if the country is poor, by what device can they contrive to enrich it so suddenly, as that of carrying good roads through the country? For without roads it is obvious, that no improvements in agriculture can be made; and if travellers are few, how can their number be augmented so effectually as by making the roads so good as to invite travellers to frequent them? These propositions are self-evident; but as in cases of this sort, one fact is worth a thousand arguments, I shall here state a few facts that have fallen under my observation, which ought to be en- tirely decisive on this subject.
I am old enough to remember the first turnpike act for Scotland, and to recollect the state of the roads from Glasgow to Edinburgh, and the neigh- bourhood of this metropolis, as well as the coun- try, with regard to agriculture, and internal com- merce, before that period. And thus it was—be- lieve it who will, I am confident no one, who knew these things, will contradict me. At that time a journey from Glasgow to Edin- burgh was an arduous undertaking, at any season of the year. It could only be performed on foot or on horseback, and during the winter, it was a matter of the utmost difficulty. The roads were so ex- cessively rough and deep, that a horse then could scarcely attempt to cross them, and the inns were so poor, and the accommodations so bad, that it made the stoutest heart shrink from the enterprise; for, with the best horse, it was two days journey at least, and often more. For the truth of what is here said, I appeal to the honourable commander in chief of his majesty's forces in Scotland, who was then obliged to undertake this journey, and found it to be an easy journey compared with what it was, which can be performed by carriage, in all seasons, by night or day, without fear or danger.
At that time, I am pretty confident, that not more than ten or twelve carriages of any sort, carts in- cluded, passed in a year between Glasgow and Edin- burgh. All commercial intercourse being then car- ried on between these two great cities, by a string of ten or twelve pack horses, who went and re- turned once a week; the leading horse being orna- mented with bells, on purpose to give notice to tra- vellers not to enter into narrow defiles, where they could not pass this then formidable troop. Where, I could ask, is the road in the north of Scotland, between two considerable towns, that is so little frequented as this road then was! What is its pre- sent state?
To answer this question with exact precision re- quires more knowledge than I am possessed of; but I make no doubt, that including the two roads to Glasgow, there are no fewer than 100 carriages pass the turnpike every day, on an average, through- out the year. The money borrowed on the turn- pike act enables the trustees to make roads; and these roads, being made have attracted travellers to frequent them, which they could not otherwise have done.
I now proceed to observe that, with respect to the improving of the country, the good roads have enabled the farmers not only to carry the produce of their farms to market; but also to bring ma- nures from a distance, at an expense greatly less than they otherwise could have done. The conse- quence is, that farms have risen universally, in their value, to more than double their former amount; and the farmers at the same time, are much richer than formerly. Many places are now converted into good fields of corn and hay where nothing but heath before grew: because a market is brought to their very doors for these articles; in consequence of opening the roads. For it has been computed, that not less than 10 or 12 thousand pounds a year are left upon the roads, between Glasgow and Edin- burgh, by travellers; three-fourths of which goes to the encouragement of agriculture, in a district, that, without this circumstance, must have ever continued a desert waste.
As to the effects of turnpikes, upon the inha- bitants of the towns, they have been as beneficial as those in the country. Hay, which before that period, could not be brought from more than two miles from the distance of 12 or 15 miles all round; and the average price of that article, which used to be 3d per stone, is now reduced to about 4d, though the quantity now consumed in Edinburgh is perhaps a thousand times greater, than at the time I allude to.—Till the turnpikes had been made, it would have been nearly as practicable to rear a palace in the moon, as to have erected the buildings that have been constructed within the last 20 years in Edinburgh. The hundredth part of the horses, that are wanted for these fabricks, would have occasioned a famine, for provender, in one week's time.
The inhabitants of Edinburgh, however, like the inhabitants of every other place, who know no better, complained of the hardships they would be subjected to pay the turnpikes; as the toll there ex- acted, they thought, would enhance the price of the necessaries of life, that were coming to them. What has been the consequence? It has been already stated as to hay. With regard to the coals; before the turnpike act all the coals were brought to Edin- burgh in sacks, upon horseback; and the load, at that time, have been assured was 400 weight. Now, the load of the smallest horse cart, that can be exposed in Edinburgh, must weigh 1200 weight, and I saw paid, the other day, to a common coal driver, 2300 weight for a single cart load of coals. The toll on this cart is two pence; so that, in this instance 2300 wt. of coals, or nearly 6 horse loads was brought from the distance of 6 miles, for two pence
to the consumer. In the carriage of grain of all sorts, and merchandise of every kind, there is near- ly the same saving. An ordinary load, for a single cart, to Glasgow is, from 2000 to 2500 wt. instead of 300 to 400 wt. as formerly.
From these facts, it is clearly demonstrated that turnpikes are the greatest blessings that can be con- ferred on a country; and that, instead of proving burdensome, either to the inhabitants of a town or a country, they are in the highest degree, benefi- cial to both. Were it possible to set aside the turn- pikes, and bring the roads back to their former state, in the south of Scotland, an universal bank- ruptcy, of tenants, landlords, and artisans must be the immediate consequence. How short sighted then must those people be, who, by opposing turn- pikes, strive to continue themselves in the same de- gree of debasement, to which these must have been reduced, in case of such an event having tak- en place.
With respect to travellers, they are equally bene- fitted by turnpikes, as every other active order of people. For, although it seems to take money from them: yet it actually saves to them, upon the whole, a great deal that they must otherwise have given out. Here, too, facts shall speak for them- selves.
Perhaps the easiest mode of computing their ex- pences of travelling is, by comparing the price for a seat in a fly or stage coach, from one place to a- nother, equally distant, with or without turnpikes. For, as the undertakers pay for the turnpikes, where there are any, this forms a part of the ex- pence in one case, which they are not under the necessity of paying in the other. By this rule, then, let us compare the expence of travelling with or without turnpikes.
From Glasgow to Edinburgh, the nearest road, is 44 miles; the price of a stage ticket 7 shillings; which is something less than two pence farthing a mile.
From Edinburgh to Aberdeen, is 120 miles; the price of a stage ticket, two guineas; which is a small fraction less than four pence per mile. In a first case, there are turnpikes; through the greater part of the road to Aberdeen, there are none. In this last the travelling charge is nearly double to that from Glasgow to Edinburgh. Yet, notwith- standing this extravagant charge, in consequence of the badness of roads, the loss of horses, the breaking of harness, the repairs of machinery, &c. are so great, as to leave the undertakers so little profit, that they are usually obliged to give it up for some months each winter; during which time, nothing less than four horses can drag along even an empty carriage. He that hath ears to hear let him observe; and if these facts do not convince his understanding, let them continue to be an object of derision by every man of common sense.
VIATOR.
RICHARD JEFFERY, & Co. Have just received from London by the last arrival a very full assortment of
DRUGS & MEDICINES,
Of the best quality, which are offered for Sale on moderate terms at No. 66, Main-Street.—Attention has been paid to procure every article of the most genuine kind; and it is intended to have the assortment regularly furnished from the best markets; among a great variety are now offered the following:
  Aloe, Allum, Ether of Vitriol, Antimony, Aqua Fortis, Fale, red, and yellow Bark, of superior quality. Borax, Camphor, Cantharides, Cocculineal, Cream of Tartar, Camomile Flowers, Cinnamon, Colecynth, Calomel, Flowers of Bowzoin, Ginger, Glauber Salts, Epsom do. Rochelle do. Gums Ammoniacal, Assafoetida, do, Benzoin, Guaiacum, Gamboge, Myrrh, Kino, Scammony, and Arabic, Lint, Liquorice refined, Manna Flake, in sorts, Magnesia in small and large squares, Musk, Nutmegs, Opium, Jalap, Rhubarb, Ipecacuanha, Tartar Emetic, Balsams Capivi, Tolu, Peru, Spirit of Lavender, Spermaceti, Sugar of Lead, Letharge of Gold, Saltpetre refined, White Wax, Verdigrise, Essences of Bergamot, Le- mons, and Lavender, Quicksilver, Lunar Caustick, Sal Ammoniac.  Hartsborne Shavings, Gysey Pipes, Pewter and Ivory Syringes, Oils of Cinnamon, Nuimeg, Mint, Peppermint, Amber, and Aniseed, Arrow Root, Tapioca, Sago in grain, Hardham's Snuff, No. 9, Pocket Instruments, Best crown Lancets, Common do. Steel elastic Trusses, of su- perior quality, Shop Twine, Elegant Smell- ing Bottles, Castle Soap, Windsor do. Wash Balls, Milk of Roses, Gowland's Lotion, Double distilled Lavender Water, in pints and hal- f pints, of best kind, Wedgewood's Mortars and Pestles of different sizes, Apothecary's Scales and Weights, Patent Medicines, Essence of Peppermint, Janus Powder, British Oil, Patent Sago, Norris's Drops, Godfrey's Cordial, Anderson's Pills, Steer's Opodeldoc, Turlington's Balsam, Essence of Mustard.  
In addition to the above importation from London, they have from Liverpool a variety of GLASS WARE, suitable to Apothecaries—PHIALS and GALLI- POTS by the crate or in smaller quantities—Noot's MA- CHINES, URINALS, BREAST PIPES, SHELLS, &c.
** MEDICINE CHESTS for ships and family use, and orders from the country executed with care and dispatch. October 1. tf 316
Fresh supplies of Drugs & Medicines,
Have just been received by FREDERICK HEBERMAN, & SON, Per the Ship Proteccress, from London, and Herald from Liverpool—Also, an assortment of
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
A great variety of GENUINE PATENT MEDICINES,
All sorts of GLASS AND SHOP FURNITURE, And a prime collection of VALUABLE PERFUMES, inclu- ding OTTER of ROSES from Barbary.
Importing regularly twice a year from the most respectable Druggists in Europe, we assure those who favour us with their orders, that the strictest attention will be paid to furnish them with articles of the best quality, and on the most rea- sonable terms.
** PERRY'S and LETTOM'S Golden Antibilious PILLS; CHURCHE'S and J. K. READ'S COUGH DROPS for Sale—MEDICINE CHESTS as usual.

Richmond, April 1.
COL. BURR'S COMMITMENT.
On Wednesday, first day of April, chief justice Marshall, pronounced a most luminous opinion on the application for the commitment of this very extraordinary gentleman. The substance of which was, that there was no probable ground from the testimony yet adduced, for believing that col. Burr had been guilty of treason, whatever might have been the intention; at least that there was not sufficient ground for a commitment on that serious charge:—But that, on the probable ground of a misdemeanor, in setting on foot or preparing an expedition against the Spanish settlements; the deposition of general Wilkinson, when coupled with the cyphered letter, though not sufficient for conviction, satisfied him sufficiently for commitment:—he was therefore committed on that charge, with indulgence to remain until three o'clock under his existing recognizance, to enable him to give further bail in the sum of $ 10,000, till the next court in May, for this district. Mess. John Hopkins, Harry Heath, Thomas Taylor, John Gamble, and major Langborn, to the honor of themselves, and in support of the just character of their native country, for its civility, and attention towards strangers, voluntarily stepped forward and relieved this unfortunate and distinguished prisoner from the horrors of a dismal dungeon.
In animadvertting on that part of the testimony, on which the commitment was founded; particularly on the key or means which led to the decypher of the letter from col. Burr to gen. Wilkinson, the chief justice does in most pointed and strong terms, as the writer of this article conceived, implicate gen. Wilkinson in the same offence for which he committed Mr. Burr. And in this there did not seem to be a dissenting voice, as the whole opinion given by the judge appeared to be universally approved, and most highly applauded.
Nothing could excite more general interest than this whole proceeding. It had been most ably argued the day before. The two attorneys for the United States performed their duty as well as the materials in their possession would admit of; and deserve the entire approbation and thanks of their country. It is proper to presume, that the president has appointed a gentleman of the first rate talents and qualifications in his professions for the head of that important department; and we Virginians have now the pleasure to testify, without regard to any party considerations, in favour of his gentlemanly deportment, and his apparently amiable and mild disposition. The attorney for our own district is well known, deservedly to rank among the first of his profession. So if there should be any lack of weight in their speeches, when they shall be seen in full with the others, it may justly be imputed to the deficiency of the means they had at this time to support their charges, and not to the want of abilities or inclination to perform their duty.
The argument of Mr. Wickham, who opened the defence, if correctly taken, will be found a master piece of elegant, ingenious, and chaste eloquence. He left little or nothing new to be said by the gentleman who had to follow him; but yet Mr. E. Randolph, in a lofty, and at one time, pathetic strain of sublime oratory, strowed over the trodden path of debate anew, with delightful and enchanting observations. Mr. Burr himself closed the defence, with a most concise and pithy narration of his transactions, and the extraordinary proceedings against him. But in all this, it is hoped the public will be more fully gratified by a publication now preparing by Messrs. Henning and Munford, in whose faithfulness and skill it is believed we may place much reliance.
It would be improper, at this time, to enter fully into the merits of col. Burr's case; both as it might affect the judicial proceedings now pending, and as that effect might be very erroneous and improper, when founded solely on the testimony and circumstances yet known.—Yet it cannot be improper to say one or two things of a more subordinate or collateral nature, of what has already been publicly advanced and determined.
It is in the first place highly fortunate that this important case has fallen before the chief justice of the United States—really, as well as officially the superior judge of the nation. It is also highly gratifying, that this very superior judge, in whose integrity and discernment all seem to place such well founded confidence, should have found it reconcilable to his conscience and his judgment to send the highly accused person for further trial, and that too open to any other higher charge than the one for which he was committed. This will afford the government full time to defend itself against the high charges of persecution and tyranny, in dragging a citizen around the continent by both civil and military process—in arraigning him four times for the same offence—in stripping him of all his property, as he has himself stated in open court—in shipping others off the territory of the United States, and committing them, not only to the hazards of the seas, but to the still greater evil so much complained of by our government itself, of the unlawful seizures and impressments of the tyrants of those seas ! It will afford them an opportunity also, of testing the propriety of their acts in these high toned proceedings, by prosecuting with equal vigour, and it is hoped with equal success, those who are equally guilty by their own rules of testimony, and who have with equal guilt coupled the most flagrant and tremendous violations of the sacred constitution and laws of our country.
By their own rules of testimony, it meant one of the principles contended for by the prosecutors for the United States, in the case of col. Burr.—Those gentlemen both contended, that the opinion of the chief justice himself, in the case of Bollman and others, were sufficiently to decide the propriety in his own mind as to the commitment of col. Burr. Let those gentlemen now look at the same judges opinion in col. Burr's case, as it relates to general Wilkinson—and say, whether an application to commit him also, will not be more proper, than a subpoena, to summon a partner in guilt, or strongly implicated, as a witness? Hence it is highly fortunate indeed, that this case should have come before this highest of all judicial authorities in the United States. If the persons accused are guilty, it will be the means, it is hoped, of producing a general, and not a partial execution of justice upon all concerned. But, should only a few remain single out for prosecution, and those prove innocent after all the extravagant persecutions we have seen; we can only then applaud the course taken by the judge, as perfectly upright and correct in the parts
he had to act. while we shall remain silent for the present as to the conduct of others.—Virg. Gaz.
OPINION
OF CHIEF JUSTICE MARSHALL. The United States, vs. Aaron Burr, On a motion for commitment.
I am required on the part of the attorney for the United States, to commit the accused on two charges.
1st. For setting on foot and providing the means for an expedition against the territories of a nation at peace with the United States.
2d. For committing high treason against the U. States.
On an application of this kind, I certainly should not require that proof which would be necessary to convict the person to be committed, on a trial in chief—nor should I even require that which should absolutely convince my own mind of the guilt of the accused; but I ought to require, and I should require that probable cause be shewn, and I understand probable cause to be a case made out by proof, furnishing good reason to believe that the crime alleged, has been committed by the person charged with having committed it.
I think this opinion reconcilable with that quoted from judge Blackstone. When that learned and accurate commentator says, that "if upon enquiry, "it manifestly appears that no such crime has been "committed, or that the suspicion entertained of "the prisoner, was wholly groundless, in such cases "only, it is lawful totally to discharge him; other- "wise he must be committed to prison or give bail." I do not understand him as meaning to say that the hand of malignity may grasp any individual against whom its hate may be directed, or whom it may capriciously seize, charge him with some secret crime, and put him on the proof of his innocence. But I understand that the foundation of the proceedings, must be a probable cause for believing there is guilt, which probable cause is only to be done away in the manner stated by Blackstone. The total failure of proof on the part of the accuser, would be considered by that writer as being in itself a legal manifestation of the innocence of the accused.
In enquiring, therefore, into the charges exhibited against Aaron Burr, I hold myself bound to consider how far these charges are supported by probable cause.
The first charge is supported by the testimony of general Eaton and general Wilkinson.
The witness first named, proves that among other projects which were more criminal, col. Burr meditated an expedition against the Mexican dominions of Spain. This deposition may be considered as introductory to the affidavit of general Wilkinson, as explanatory of the objects of his communications and preparations which may have been made.
I proceed then to that affidavit of general Wilkinson.
To make the testimony of general Wilkinson bear on col. Burr, it is necessary to consider as genuine the letter stated by the former to be, as nearly as he can make it, an interpretation of one received in cypher from the latter. Exclude this letter, and nothing remains in the testimony which can in the most remote degree affect col. Burr. That there are to the inadmissibility of this part of the affidavit, great and obvious objections, need not be stated to those who know with how much caution proceedings in criminal cases ought to be instituted, and who know that the highest tribunal of the United States has been divided on them.—When this question came before the supreme court I felt the full force of these objections, although I did not yield to them. On weighing in my own mind, the reasons for and against acting, in this stage of the business on that part of the affidavit, those in favour of doing so appeared to me to preponderate, and, as this opinion was not overruled, I hold myself at liberty to conform to it.
That the original letter, or a true copy of it, accompanied by the cypher, would have been much more satisfactory, is not to be denied; but I thought and still think that, upon a mere question, whether the accused shall be brought to trial or not, upon an enquiry, not into guilt, but into the probable cause, the omission of a circumstance which is indeed important, but which does not disprove the positive allegations of an affidavit, ought not to induce its rejection, or its absolute disbelief when the maker of the affidavit is at too great a distance to repair the fault. I could not in this stage of the prosecution, absolutely discredit the affidavit, because the material facts alleged, may very well be within the knowledge of the witness, although he has failed to state explicitly all the means by which this knowledge is obtained.
Thus gen. Wilkinson states that this letter was received from col. Burr, but does not say that it was in his hand writing, nor does he state the evidence which supports this affirmation. But, in addition to the circumstance that the positive assertion of the fact ought not, perhaps, in this stage of the enquiry to be disregarded, the nature of the case furnishes that evidence.
The letter was in cypher. Gen. Wilkinson, it is true, does not say that a cypher had been previously settled between col. Burr and himself in which they might correspond on subjects which though innocent, neither of them might wish to be subject to the casualties of a transportation from the Atlantic to the Mississippi; but when we perceive, that col. Burr has written in cypher, and that gen. Wilkinson is able to decypher the letter, we must either presume that the bearer of the letter was also the bearer of its key, or that the key was previously in possession of the person to whom the letter was addressed. In stating particularly the circumstances attending the delivery of this letter, gen. Wilkinson does not say that it was accompanied by the key, or that he felt any surprise at its being in cypher. For this reason, as well because there is not much more security in sending a letter in cypher accompanied by its key, than there is in sending a letter not in cypher, I think it more reasonable to suppose that the key was previously in possession of Wilkinson. If this was the fact, the letter being written in a cypher previously settled between himself and col. Burr, is, in this stage of the enquiry at least, a circumstance which sufficiently supports that the letter was written by col. Burr.
The enterprise described in this letter is obviously a military enterprise, and must have been intended either against the United States, or against the territories of some other power on the continent, with all of whom the United States were at peace.
The expressions of this letter must be admitted
to furnish at least probable cause for believing that the means for the contemplated expedition were provided. In every part of it we find declarations indicating that he was providing the means for the expedition; and as these means might be provided in secret, I do not think that farther testimony ought to be required to satisfy me that there is probable cause for committing the prisoner on this charge.
Since it will be entirely in the power of the attorney-general to prefer an indictment against the prisoner for any other offence which he shall think himself possessed of testimony to support, it is in fact immaterial whether the second charge be expressed in the warrant of commitment or not; but, as I hold it to be my duty to insert every charge alleged on the part of the United States, in support of which probable cause is shewn, and to insert none in support of which probable cause is not shewn, I am bound to proceed in the inquiry.
The second charge exhibited against the prisoner is high treason against the United States, in levying war against them.
As this is the most atrocious offence which can be committed against the political body, so is it the charge which is most capable of being employed as the instrument of those malignant and vindictive passions which may rage in the bosoms of contending parties struggling for power. It is that of which the people of America has been most jealous; and, therefore, while other crimes are unnoticed, they have refused to trust the national legislature with the definition of this; but have themselves declared in their constitution, that "it shall consist in levying war against the United States or in adhering to their enemies giving them aid and comfort." This high crime consists of overt acts, which must be proved by two witnesses, or by the confession of the party in open court.
Under the controul of this constitutional regulation, I am to enquire whether the testimony laid before me furnishes probable cause in support of this charge. The charge is that the fact itself has been committed; and the testimony to support it must furnish probable cause for believing that it has been actually committed; or it is insufficient for the purpose for which it is adduced.
Upon this point too, the testimony of general Eaton is first to be considered. That part of his deposition which bears upon the charge, is the plan disclosed by the prisoner for seizing upon New Orleans, and revolutionizing the western states.
That this plan, if consummated by overt acts would amount to treason, no man will controvert. But it is equally clear that an intention to commit treason is an offence entirely distinct from the actual commission of that crime. War can only be levied by the employment of actual force. Troops must be embodied, men must be assembled, in order to levy war. If col. Burr had been apprehended on making these communications to general Eaton, could it have been alleged that he had gone farther than to meditate the crime? Could it have been said that he had actually collected forces, and had actually levied war?—Most certainly it could not. The crime really completed was a conspiracy to commit treason—not an actual commission of treason.
If these communications were not treason at the instant they were made, no lapse of time can make them so. They are not in themselves acts. They may serve to explain the intention with which acts were committed: but they cannot supply those acts, if they be not proved.
The next testimony is the deposition of general Wilkinson, which consists of the letter already noticed, and of the communications made by the bearer of that letter.
This letter has already been considered by the supreme court of the United States, and has been declared to import, taken by itself, or in connection with Eaton's deposition, rather an expedition against the territories of Spain than the U. States. By that decision I am bound, whether I concurred in it or not. But I did concur in it.....On this point the court was unanimous.
It is, however, urged that the declarations of Swartwout may be connected with the letter, and used against col. Burr.
Although the confession of one man cannot criminate another, yet I am inclined to think that, on a mere enquiry into probable cause, the declarations of Swartwout, made on this particular occasion, may be used against col. Burr. My reason for thinking so is that col. Burr's letter authorises Mr. Swartwout to speak in his name. He empowers Mr. Swartwout to make to gen. Wilkinson verbal communications explanatory of the plans and designs of Burr, which Burr adopts as his own explanations. However inadmissible, therefore, this testimony may be on trial in chief, I am inclined to admit it on this enquiry.
If it be admitted, what is its amount?
Upon this point too, it appears that the supreme court was divided. I therefore hold myself at liberty to pursue my own opinion, which was that the words "this territory must be revolutionized," did not so clearly apply to a foreign territory, as to reject that sense which would make them applicable to a territory of the United States; at least so far as to admit of further enquiry into their meaning; and, if a territory of the United States was to be revolutionized, though only as a means for an expedition against a foreign power, the act would be treason.
This reasoning leads to the conclusion that there is probable cause for the allegation that treasonable designs were entertained by the prisoner, so late as July last, when this letter was written.
It remains to enquire whether there is also probable cause to believe that these designs have been ripened into the crime itself by actually levying war against the United States.
It has been already observed that to constitute this crime, troops must be embodied, men must be actually assembled; and these are facts which cannot remain invisible. Treason may be machinated in secret; but it can be perpetrated only in open day, and in the eye of the world. Testimony of a fact which in its own nature is so notorious ought to be unequivocal. The testimony now offered has been laid before the supreme court of the United States, and has been determined in the case of Bollman and Swartwout, not to furnish probable cause for the opinion that war had been actually levied.—Whatever might have been the inclination of my own mind in that case, I should feel much difficulty in departing from that decision then made; unless this case should be clearly distinguished from it. I will however, briefly review the arguments which
have been urged, and the facts now before me, in order to shew more clearly the particular operation they have on my own judgment.
The fact to be established is that, in pursuance of these designs previously entertained, men have been actually assembled for the purpose of making war against the United States; and on the shewing of probable cause that this fact has been committed depends the issue of the present enquiry.
The first piece of testimony relied on, to render this fact probable, is the declaration of Mr. Swartwout, that "Col. Burr was levying an armed body "of 7000 men from the state of New York, and the "western states and territories, with a view to "carry on an expedition against the Mexican provinces." The term "levying," has been said according to the explanation of the Lexicons to mean the embodying of troops, and therefore to prove what is required. Although I do not suppose that Mr. Swartwout had consulted a dictionary, I have looked into Johnson for the term, and find its first signification to be "to raise;" its second, "to bring together." In common parlance it may signify the one or the other. But its sense is certainly decided by the fact. If when Mr. Swartwout left col. Burr, which must be supposed to have been in July, he was actually embodying men from New York to the western states, what could veil his troops from human sight. An invisible army is not the instrument of war, and had these troops been visible, some testimony relative to them could have been adduced. I take the real sense then in which this term was used to be, that col. Burr was raising, or in other words, engaging or enlisting men through the country described, for the enterprise he meditated. The utmost point to which this testimony can be extended, is, that it denotes a future embodying of men, which is more particularly mentioned in the letter itself, and that it affords probable cause to believe that the troops did actually embody at the period designated for their assembling, which is sufficient to induce the justice to whom the application is made to commit for trial.
I shall readily avow my opinion that the strength of the presumption arising from this testimony, ought to depend greatly on the time at which the application is made. If soon after the period at which the troops were to assemble, when full time had not elapsed to ascertain the fact, these circumstances had been urged as the ground for a commitment on the charge of treason, I should have thought them entitled to great consideration. I will not deny that in the cases of Bollman and Swartwout, I was not perfectly satisfied that they did not warrant an inquiry into the fact. But I think every person must admit, that the weight of these circumstances daily diminishes. Suspicion may deserve great attention, when the means of ascertaining its real grounds are not yet possessed, but when those means are or may have been acquired, if facts to support suspicion be not shewn, every person I think must admit, that the ministers of justice at least ought not officially to entertain it. This I think must be conceded by all, but whether it be conceded by others or not, it is the dictate of my own judgment, and in the performance of my duty I can know no other guide.
The fact to be proved in this case, is an act of public notoriety. It must exist in the view of the world, or it cannot exist at all. The assembling of forces to levy war is a visible transaction, and numbers must witness it. It is therefore capable of proof, and when time to collect this proof has been given, it ought to be adduced, or the suspicion becomes ground too weak to stand upon.
Several months have elapsed since this fact did occur, if it ever occurred. More than five weeks have elapsed since the opinion of the supreme court has declared the necessity of proving the fact if it exists. Why is it not proved?
To the executive government is intrusted the important power of prosecuting those whose crimes may disturb the public repose, or endanger its safety. It would be easy, in much less time than has intervened, since col. Burr has been alleged to have assembled his troops, to procure affidavits to establish the fact. If in November or December last, a body of troops had been assembled on the Ohio, it is impossible to suppose that affidavits establishing the fact could not have been obtained by the last of March. I ought not to believe, and I do not believe, that there has been any remissness on the part of those who prosecute, on this important and interesting subject; and consequently, when at this late period, no evidence that troops have been actually embodied is given, I must say that the suspicion, which, in the first instance might have been created, ought not to be continued, unless the want of proof can be in some manner accounted for.
It is stated by the attorney for the United States that as affidavits can only be voluntary, the difficulty of obtaining them accounts for the absence of proof.
I cannot admit this position. On the evidence furnished by this very transaction of the attachment felt by our Western for their Eastern brethren, we justly solicitate ourselves. How inconsistent with this fact is the idea that no man could be found who would voluntarily depose that a body of troops had actually assembled, whose object must be understood to be hostile to the union, and whose object was detected and defeated by the very people who could give the requisite information.
I cannot doubt that means to obtain information have been taken on the part of the prosecution; if it existed I cannot doubt the practicability of obtaining it, and its non production at this late hour does not, in my opinion, leave me at liberty to give to those suspicions which grow out of other circumstances, that weight to which at an earlier day they might have been entitled.
I shall not therefore insist in the commitment the charge of high treason. I repeat that this is the less important, because it detracts nothing from the right of the attorney to prefer an indictment for high treason should he be furnished with the necessary testimony.
Judge Marshall then observed, that he should not commit col. Burr on the charge of treason; but that he should hold him to bail, on the charge of setting on foot a military expedition against the dominions of Spain: That with respect to the amount of bail, he had made up no definitive opinion. He wished it to be neither too large, to amount to oppression, nor too small to defeat the objects of justice. It had occurred to him, that the sum of 10,000 dollars, would perhaps avoid both these extremes.

Mr. Hay was in favour of a larger sum. He had no doubt, from the spirit which had been manifested, that col. Burr could obtain bail to almost any amount he pleased. The day before, col. Burr had obtained bail for 5000 dolls. and he believed without any solicitation on his part.
Mr. Wickham had supposed that 5 or 6,000 dollars would have been sufficient. It was only on the misdemeanor that it was to be given. With respect to the possibility of obtaining bail to any amount, he was unable to express any opinion; it was a subject with which he was personally unacquainted. But as to the spirit which it was said had been manifested, he could say, that he had heard several gentlemen declare themselves unwilling to appear as bail for col. Burr, lest it should be ascribed to a spirit of opposition to the administration.
Col. Burr rose and observed, that if the government was to pay him for the losses it had made him sustain, 40,000 dollars would not indemnify him. And yet this circumstance might operate against his obtaining bail to a large amount.
Mr. Hay replied. The judge then observed that he should fix the bail to 10,000 dollars, and that he would meet col. Burr at the Capitol at 3 o'clock to receive it.
At 3 o'clock, the judge met the parties: when Messrs. Thomas Taylor, John G. Gamble, John Hopkins, Henry Heth, and — Langhorn appeared as his securities.
The affidavit of commodore Truxton did not get to the hands of the attorney of the United States before Tuesday night; of course it was not exhibited on the examination. Mr. Rodney left this city yesterday morning, for Washington. Ibid.
BALTIMORE, April 4. FRENCH DEFEATED!!! The following paragraphs are extracted from London articles received by the Liverpool Packet.
Still are we without any official advices from the continent—yet accounts continue to be received from various parts of successes of the Russians after the 20th of December. One letter from a house in Germany, dated the 23d ult. states, "that the French lost nine generals in the battles immediately subsequent to that of the 26th of December, but not a word more do they mention of their loss. Davoust attacked the centre of the Russian army, on which this division retired fighting; but they brought both their wings to bear on Davoust's rear, and ultimately defeated him with great loss." Another letter says, that it was on the 28th December "that the fortune of war changed in favour of the Russian army, and continued decidedly so till the 30th, the date of the last dispatches from the scene of action, which at that time had removed nearer Warsaw, to which the French had retreated, after suffering repeated defeats!"
Gen. Monstien, the commander of Dantzic, has published a bulletin, announcing intelligence from Koningsberg, of another total defeat of the French by the Russians, after fighting from the 27th to the 30th December. The editor of the French paper printed at Altona, also received a letter containing the particulars of the above defeat but the French Minister insisted that the whole was a falsehood, and had it suppressed. According to this letter, marshal Kamenskoi, by a masterly manœuvre with the centre and left wing of the Russian army, is said to have turned and surrounded three corps of the French army, namely those of Davoust, Ney, and Soult; to have killed upwards of 40,000 and taken 20,000 prisoners, among the latter is said to be Davoust himself.
Dispatches were also received on Friday, from Mr. Adair, which intimate that a victory had been gained by the Russians after the 26th. The Russian gen. B. said to have been bought by the French, and to have been detected by the general in chief, Kaminskoy, when on the point of leaving to the French the whole of the Russian magazines, by withdrawing the guard Kaminskoy, it is said, took his sword from him with his own hands, and sent him in irons to St. Petersburg, and the French, when they made their attack, experienced the most formidable resistance, which ended in a complete defeat. Great disorder is said to have prevailed in the French army, particularly amongst the emperor's guards, who insisted on winter quarters, and of five of the columns employed in the attack, three were defeated, and one refused to advance.
By the mail from Husum, which arrived on Friday, and brought letters from Hamburg to the 22d, and accounts from Warsaw of the 8th, the fact, that the French had sustained a signal defeat in Poland, is still further confirmed. All the accounts published in the Hamburg papers, as might be supposed, are entirely silent as to any defeat of the French. But the master of a Danish vessel which arrived on Friday in the River, has affirmed, that before he sailed from Elsinour on the 21st he saw a printed official account of the particulars of the victory obtained by the Russians. It was shewn to him by the commandant of the place, and agrees with the substance of the reports which have already appeared.—After the arrival of the mail on Friday, a note, of which the following is a copy, was circulated among the public officers:
January 30. "Various accounts received this morning confirm the defeat of the French at Ostrolenka, but the official details are not yet arrived. Letters from Dantzick mention, that 40,000 French prisoners are marched into Koningsberg. Buonaparte was at Warsaw on the 8th of January; but the Russians have crossed the Vistula, and an engagement took place on the 7th January at Szakalow, on the road to Posen, which is said to have terminated to the disadvantage of the French."
Miscellaneous POETRY Selected generally from the most entertaining and instructive writings of the British Poets, By the Reverend THOMAS DAVIS, In two volumes octavo, price two dollars.—Sold by the Book-Sellers in town, and by the Editor. A gentleman well known in Philadelphia, and who is greatly respected as a Clergyman, and justly esteemed as a man of letters, has given the following opinion of this selection. "The two volumes of Select Poetry, form a valuable contribution to the stock of English Literature. I really consider the work as the best compilation now extant. The selections and arrangements evince the taste of a correct and polished mind, the judgment of a sound and benevolent moralist, and that degree of critical skill which can only be acquired by extensive reading and scholastic acquirements." April 6. 3t
THE PUBLICK LEDGER.
TO SHEW THE VERY AGE AND BODY OF THE TIMES, HIS FORM AND PRESSURE.
WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 8, 1807.
By CAPTAIN GOULD, in 48 hours from Baltimore, we have received papers of that city up to Monday. Their contents are uninteresting.
CAPT. GOULD passed the French ship Patriot on Monday night at anchor in Pautuxet, 20 miles below Sharp's Island.
FRENCH DEFEATED.—The article published under that title in this day's paper, contains the intelligence which we alluded to in our last. The want of the date of the English papers from which this intelligence has been taken, leaves us at some loss how to consider it, whether as a continuation of the former advices, or others of a later date; candour obliges us to say, that we cannot give to this intelligence that credit which we could wish.
The first part of the account leads us to believe that this great battle was fought on the 28th of December, or on the 30th of that month. Under the head of January 30, it is stated that the French lost 40,000 men on the 7th of January. If the 30th of January was then the London date, there can be no truth in the information, because we have already published London accounts to the 13th of February, which make no mention of any such battle.
Although we do not attach implicit belief to the French Bulletins, yet they are not altogether undeserving of notice, and we have Bulletins from the 8th to the 19th January, and no notice of a battle on the 7th of January. It is not hardly possible to suppose January was a typographical error instead of February, unless we suppose the day of the month and the month itself to be errors; indeed the wording of the article shews it to have been copied from a London paper of the 30th of January.—The silence of subsequent papers upon this battle of the 7th January, with other circumstances, induce us to withhold our belief of its having been fought. Marshal Davoust is said to have been made prisoner in the battle of the 28th or 30th December; the 31st Bulletin, dated 14th January, notices Marshal Davoust, which it would hardly have done if he had been made prisoner on the 30th December. Upon the whole we are induced to believe, that these are nothing more than parts of the former reports; at the same time we are impressed with a belief, that the French have been worsted, or at all events that they have been checked in their progress, and this we collect from their own Bulletins.
The information received by the Louisa , from Jamaica, although coming in a circuitous direction, is later than anything which we have received from Barbados and Trinidad.
It appears that the Rochefort fleet is out, and destined for Martinique. The British force consists of the five ships of the line mentioned under the Jamaica head. The Ramilles of 74 guns, had also arrived at Barbados, and will if necessary, be added, which will make the two fleets equal in number, in which case, the event of a battle may be calculated upon with certainty. It is not without the scope of probability, that the Rochefort fleet may make its appearance off our Capes, with a view to relieve the Patriot and Cybelle, now blockaded by the British force in the bay.
Our readers will notice under the Kingston head, the arrival of a vessel there, which left Trinidad the 28th of February, bringing the advices of General Crawford's having landed at Cumana. The information is certainly too loosely stated to gain entire credit; it will nevertheless be remembered that General Crawford sailed from England some time since, upon an expedition against some of the Spanish dominions. It will also be observed by an article respecting Miranda in this day's paper, that a force was expected from England, in which he was to have a command.
COL. BURR.—The details which we copy from the Richmond papers are so copious, that we have no observations of our own to offer; every reader will make his own reflections upon this most extraordinary subject. We would observe that the Deposition of Commodore Truxton could have proved nothing, we presume, as to a treasonable conduct in Col. Burr, as it would have been offered, as it arrived before the Judge delivered his opinion, tho' after the argument.
OUR RICHMOND CORRESPONDENT, is informed, that the Virginia Gazette of the 1st April has not been received by us.
GENERAL MIRANDA.
By a gentleman just arrived at New York, from Trinidad, and whose information is entitled to the fullest credit, from his personal and particular acquaintance with the officers and other principal persons attached to the late expedition of Miranda, we have the following information: That gen. Miranda was at Trinidad when our informant left there, and that he was in daily expectation of receiving a reinforcement of between 8 and 10,000 men from England, under the order of gen. Tucker, and which were said to have sailed but had been detained by adverse winds—that on the arrival of these troops Miranda would immediately undertake a second expedition against the Spanish dominions of South America—and that it was the concurrent opinion of those qualified to form a correct one, that with this respectable force the general would be able to crown his enterprise with complete and speedy success—Miranda had been appointed to the rank of major-general to the British government.—The failure of his late attempt to liberate his countrymen from Spanish oppression in that part of the world, was attributed wholly to the smallness of the forces with which it was attempted, as they did not, altogether, amount to three hundred men—Great numbers of the natives, and those friendly to his project had frequently joined the standard of Miranda, but could not be induced to continue their fidelity, as they could feel no certainty of protection from such a handful of men, against the troops and threatened vengeance of the Spanish government.
NEW-YORK, March 31. THE GALE.
Yesterday morning at 2 o'clock, a gale commenced from E. N. E. with a heavy fall of snow, and continued till about 11, blowing most of the time from east. About 12 o'clock the wind fell to a moderate breeze, and immediately veered round to S. S. W. blew fresh from that quarter till three in the afternoon, when the wind commenced a gale from W. N. W. It is a remarkable fact, that the tide, at eleven o'clock, was from 12 to 18 inches higher than it has been known by the oldest inhabitants—from this time the water fell, though it was not time for high water till past three o'clock!—Many cellars were filled, and considerable property
damaged. During the gale, the brig Signal Pole was blown down, and three schooners were driven from their anchors, and lodged on the mud-flats on the Jersey side, opposite the city; one of which is the Cornelia from St. Thomas. We have reason to fear, that the vessels on the coast, both those bound in as well as those which recently sailed, have suffered. The ships Frances, Braine, from Greenock, and Four Sisters, Latham, from Ireland, both rode out the gale, the former in the east, and the latter in the north river. The brig Almira, from Savannah, was safe at anchor in the Narrows yesterday, at 1 o'clock—8 or 10 sail of vessels went down on Monday morning, and all went to sea except the ships Native and Milford, and the brig Mars, for Amsterdam—they anchored in the bay within the Hook.
Amidst the bustle along the docks, in securing vessels and getting out tenders, were seen hundreds with their dogs killing rats, which had been routed by the high tide. Hardly a terrier in the city was unemployed; and we may safely say, that not less than one thousand rats were destroyed on the east side of the town. Though this remark about rats may, by some be considered unworthy of notice, it will be of use if a proper use is made of it—that is by removing the carcasses of those animals before the sun operates upon them.
During the height of the gale, several flocks of wild geese passed over the city from the sea shore, whence they no doubt had been driven by the severity of the storm.
It is also remarkable that many Robbins lodged in the rigging of the vessels in our docks, some of which were driven by the wind with such violence against the masts and spars of vessels, that they fell down dead.
Since writing the above, we learn by the Union pilot-boat, which left the Hook at 12 o'clock, that two ships were ashore about seven miles to the westward of the Hook, one of which had lost two masts, and the other came in from sea during the gale in the morning—probably one of the ships that went out the preceding day. There was also a large ship ashore outside, about four miles south of the light-house, supposed from her appearance, to be an Indian.
From the violence of the gale yesterday afternoon, from W. and W. N. W. it is said that the vessels that rode out the gale were tossed in the Bay, in the morning, went to sea.
A schooner and sloop loaded with lumber were disabled yesterday morning in the Bay—the sch'r lost her foremast, and the sloop her boom—and both their bowsprit.
The vessels in the docks did not suffer so much as we had expected—they were completely protected by the extensive piers which they were moored to, particularly by those in the neighbourhood of the Hook.
With the exception, as far as it has come to our knowledge.
Ship Mary and Betsey, captain Tenny, from Liverpool, was cast away on Tuesday the 31st instant, at 10 A. M. in the easterly gale, about 5 miles to the west of Sandy Hook. As soon as she struck her main and mizen-masts were cut away. She is almost dry at low water; the pumps will not free her—the salt will be all lost.
The Rhoda and Betsey, sailed from Liverpool the 16th February in company with ships Centurion, Spaulding; Nankin, and another ship, all for New-York.
Ship Mary, Clark, from Mananzas, was cast away about 5 miles to the southward of the Hook on Tuesday at 10 P. M. cargo will be principally saved—she cut away her mizen mast before she struck—she is now high and dry.
Schooner Maid of the Mill, Grow, of and from Charleston, has sugar, cotton, and logwood, was driven ashore on the Hook on Tuesday evening in the easterly gale—her cargo will be saved, and the vessel probably got off.
The schooner Rainbow, Plumb, from St. Vincents for Wilmington with rum, having put into Newport, and arrived at Milford on the morning of the 31st March, where she rode at anchor about 3 hours, when her cables parted and the schooner was driven on shore and dashed to pieces. The captain and crew drifted on the quarter deck, very much fatigued—a part of the cargo will be saved.
The schooner Arthur, Millery from New-York, for Boston with rum, was cast away on Tuesday on Eaton's Neck, near Huntington.
The sch'r Moranda, Moadley, for Charleston, rode out the gale in the Horse shoal—but about 4 P. M. on Tuesday the sch'r Perry, for N. Carolina, dragged her anchors and brought up alongside of the Moranda, carried away her foremast and bowsprit—capt. Perry was then driven ashore, high and dry, about half a mile to the southward of the Light House. The Moranda returned to port last evening to repair her damage.
The brig Mars for Amsterdam, faced the gale in the Bay, and has come up for anchors, &c.
The brig Maria has also returned for eetceteras.
The ship Milford, for Jamaica, returned to Staten-Island, with the loss of her boat.
The ship Native, for Amsterdam, remains in the Bay, wind-bound.
The brig Speculator, Lee, 19 days from Charleston, with rice, sugar, logwood, &c. to Richards and Coit, is still on the beach at Gravesend Bay.
(The vessels which went to sea on Monday got such an offing, as to leave a reasonable hope that they had "sea room.")
The gale from E. continued 8 hours—it then shifted to W. & W. N. W.
Captain McNamara of the brig Louisa from Kingston (Jam.) has favoured us with a file of Jamaica papers, from which we select the following articles:
KINGSTON, (Jam.) March 10. His Majesty's ship Blonde, of 38 guns, Captain Ballard, arrived at Port Royal yesterday, with the London and Cork fleets, under convoy, last from Barbados.
On the 23d of February, his majesty's ship Ramilles, of 74 guns, arrived in Carlisle Bay, with the Cork Fleet, consisting of 126 sail for the different West India Islands; they left the Cove on the 10th January. On the 25th the first London fleet which sailed under the Blonde, arrived and the day following 18 sail of merchantmen also anchored in Carlisle Bay; they missed the convoy of the Blonde, and put into Falmouth, from whence they took their departure on the 12th January. On the 1st instant the Blonde weighed anchor from Barbados, with 155 vessels for this island. Yesterday morning off the east end, 110 sail parted for the different out ports.
His majesty's ship Bellisle, of 80 guns, capt. Hargood, 30 days from Spithead, arrived at Barbados the 27th February. She brings reports de- vly to be wished, of the defeat of Bonaparte by the Russians, who had got his armies in a strait beyond the Vistula, where they had too rapidly and far advanced, and were obliged to entrench themselves after a dreadful battle, in which they had met with considerable loss, to prevent their being entirely cut off by the Russians.
Sir Alexander Cochrane has received accounts by the Bellisle (dispatched by government) of
the Rochefort squadron, consisting of six sail of the line and two frigates, having cut to sea; and by a small vessel, captured by the Cerberus, bound from L'Orient to Guadalupe, with dispatches, it was ascertained that they were destined for Martinique. In consequence of which the admiral in the Northumberland, with the Canada and Bellise, of 74 guns each, Prince George, of 98, and Agamemnon of 64, accompanied by the Alexandria, Galatea, and Cerberus frigate, and Dart and Woolverine sloops of war, were to sail from Carlisle Bay (Barbados) on the first inst. for the purpose of cruising off Martinique, to endeavour to fall in with the enemy.
The Eagle (whose arrival we mentioned in yesterday's publication) was last from Trinidad, which island she left the 28th of Feb. the day previous to which a vessel arrived with accounts of Cumana, on the Spanish Main, having been taken by general Crawford, who sailed from England, not long since, in the Spencer, of 74 guns, the hon capt. Stopford, with some frigates and several transports.
One hundred and fourteen sail of outward bound West India traders, from Cork, safely arrived February 24 in Carlisle Bay. They sailed from thence on the 10th ult. 126 sail in company, under convoy of his majesty's ship Ramilles, 74 guns, capt. Pickmore, and Rosario sloop of war for their destination—and the princess Charlotte frigate, as far as Madeira, which they made in ten days; but afterwards meeting with baffling winds, were 34 days from thence. The Ramilles, with the above number, came to; and the remainder, under the charge of the Rosario, previously proceeded for the colonies to the southward.
On the 3d instant, off Cape Tiburon, the Dumbrobin Castle, capt. Cooper, from Norfolk, engaged a Spanish privateer schooner of 14 guns, which she beat off without any loss on her side, but capt. Cooper thinks the privateer must have lost a good many hands, as she received the contents of four 12 pound carronades, loaded with grape, when close alongside of his ship; at any rate the Dons thought them rather serious, for they out sweeps and pulled off. Off the capes of Virginia, capt. C. saw a French 80 gun ship, and was informed by a vessel en passant, that the Frenchman had got a pilot on board, in order to conduct him into port, and also that he was from the Havana; (this was the Foudroyant); the day after saw two British 74's and a frigate.
It is said that if the duke of Sussex does not come out as our governor, that lord Barcarras is likely to be appointed.
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED.
Sch'r Union, Airy, 26 days from Bermuda, ballast, Christopher Fry.
Sloop Susannah, Gerrish, 5 days from Philadelphia.
Sch'r Equality, Peabody, 12 days from Salem.
The sch'r Lydia, Livingston, from this port bound to Tobago, was spoken the 2d March, in lat. 22, 11, long. 56,—14 days out.
The brig Alba, Ney, and sch'r Charlotte Augusta, Cozens, sailed from Jamaica the 9th March, former for Norfolk the latter for New-York.
The British ship Cicero, Turner, from London, one of the fleet, was lost on the Rocks near Carlisle (Barbados) on the 26th Feb.—Passengers and crew saved with great difficulty.
GRAY'S Packet will sail for Baltimore on Sunday next. April 8.
NEWCOMB'S Packet will sail for New-York the first fair wind. April 8.
HERBERT'S Packet will sail for Alexandria on Friday next. April 8.
Dismal Swamp Canal Company.
For Publick Sale, on MONDAY the 4th of May next, at ten o'clock, (being the day of the annual meeting of the Stockholders, to be held at the Eagle-Tavern in the Borough of Norfolk),
THIRTEEN SHARES,
belonging to delinquent Stockholders in said Company, on a credit of 60 days.
William Charles Lee, CLK & Treasr D. S. Canal Co.
NOTICE.
The concern of Davis and Dickson, being settled by arbitrators, those indebted will make immediate payment to Thomas Davis, who is solely authorised to settle and adjust all accounts for or against said concern. Thomas Davis, Thomas Dickson.
April 8. For RENT.
(And possession given immediately.)
The HOUSE lately occupied by Mr. R. L. Taylor, pleasantly situated near Smith's Point, a remarkable healthy situation, and now in excellent order.—For terms apply to
David Milhado.
Office of the Marine Insurance Company of Norfolk, April 6, 1807.
The Stockholders in the Marine Insurance Company of Norfolk are notified, that an election for the purpose of choosing fifteen Directors, will be held at the Office of the said Company on Friday the first day of May next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon. John Cowper, Sec'y.
NOTICE.
The Freeholders and others in this Borough, entitled to vote, are desired to meet at the Town-Hall, on Monday the 27th instant, (being the fourth Monday in the month) for the purpose of electing a Representative to Congress, and a Delegate to the General Assembly. Thomas H. Parker, Mayor.
FOR SALE.
Kanhaway LAND, of the first quality.
One thousand Acres lying on Duck-Creek, which is a branch of Elk River, into which it empties about 20 miles above the confluence of Elk with the Great Kanhawha. It is a parallelogram—finely watered—Duck Creek permeating every side.
In a letter from Mr. Triplett, the surveyor, I am told that 700 acres are bottomed as rich as he ever surveyed, and that the high ground is fertile. Mr. B. Rider also informs me that he has seen persons who have been on the land, and who speak of it in the highest terms.
It lies about 25 miles N. E. of Kanhawha court house; in a healthy country, eligible situation, and offers to the industrious every comfort that can flow from judicious tillage and extensive grazing.
This land has cost me more than five thousand dollars, but less would be taken, provided the payments be satisfactory. THOMAS DAVIS.
Norfolk, April 6.

Phoenix Fire Office.
The Subscriber, Agent to the PHENIX ASSURANCE COMPANY , of London, for the State of Virginia, begs leave to inform the publick, that he is now fully empowered to subscribe Policies of Insurance for property against Fire throughout the United States of America, in conformity to the Proposals herewith subjoined.
N.B. FORTY THOUSAND DOLLARS can be insured in one risk on Buildings and their contents, and also on Ships and their Cargoes on board, in the First Class, but in all cases where Ten Thousand Dollars are exceeded, a special agreement must be made with the Agent, and an increase of premium added to those mentioned in the proposals, of not less than one eighth per cent. on the whole sum insured.
Richard Taylor.
September 8.
PROPOSALS
From the PHENIX COMPANY , OF LONDON, For Insuring Houses, Buildings, Stores, Ships in Harbour, Goods, Wares, and Merchandise, FROM LOSS OR DAMAGE BY FIRE.
INSURANCE from loss or damage by Fire, hath been found a measure of great importance to the happiness of families, and has given additional security to commercial transactions. The distinguished approbation with which the publick throughout Great-Britain received the improved system of this Office, occasioned frequent application for the Insurance of Property in the principal cities and towns of Europe and America, and induced the Company, many years since, to extend their plan to the Western Continent. The Phoenix Company can refer to the unerring test of experience to ascertain their character; and, gratified by the unbounded confidence they have obtained upon the continent of America, and for the purpose of facilitating to the inhabitants the means of effecting insurance on their property, the Directors have lately determined to extend the sum which they have been accustomed to insure in any single risk, and have arranged Rates of Premium upon the various descriptions of property, which they trust, will be found moderate, just and equitable. The promptitude with which this office has adjusted the claims of sufferers, and the solidity of the funds, are so well known, that it is unnecessary to offer more on the subject, than to refer those who desire information, to the merchants of London, with whom they correspond. * * In this office no injured person is liable to any call to make good the losses of others; but in case of Fire, the sufferer will be indemnified by the company. The company also make good losses on property burnt by lightning.
Rates of Annual Premiums to be paid for Assurance against Fire.
No. I. Hazards of the First Class, viz. Brick or Stone Buildings, covered with tile, slate, or metal. Furniture or Merchandise, not hazardous contained in such buildings. For sums not exceeding 10,000 Dollars in one Risk, 37 1-2 Cents per annum, per 100 Dollars.
No. II. Hazards of the Second Class, viz. Buildings having the Four Walls entirely of Brick or Stone, carried through the roof and covered with boards or shingles. Furniture or Merchandise, not hazardous, contained in such buildings. Hazardous Goods, viz. Pitch, Tar, Turpentine, Salt-petre, Flax, Hemp, Oils, and Tallow, in buildings of the first class.
For sums not exceeding 10,000 dollars in one risk, 56 1-4 cents per annum per 100 dollars. No. III. Hazards of the Third Class, viz. Buildings constructed partly with brick or stone, and partly with wood, or having either of the four walls of frame work, filled in with brick. Furniture or Merchandise not hazardous, contained in such buildings. Hazardous goods, viz. Pitch, Tar, Turpentine, Salt-petre, Flax, Hemp, Oils and Tallow, in buildings of the second class.
For sums not exceeding 10,000 Dollars in one Risk, 75 Cents per annum per 100 Dollars. No. IV. Hazards of the Fourth Class, viz. Timber or light Buildings covered with shingles or boards. Furniture or Merchandise not hazardous, contained in such Buildings. Hazardous Goods, viz. Pitch, Tar, Turpentine, Salt-petre, Flax, Hemp, Oils, and Tallow, in Buildings of the third class.
For sums not exceeding 10,000 dollars in one risk, 100 to 150 cents per annum, per 100 dollars. * * Ships in port and their Cargoes, Ships Building or Repairing; also, Barges and other Small Craft, with Goods on board, may be insured against Fire. †† Larger sums may be insured by special agreement. — All buildings in contiguous to other hazardous buildings, or in other respects situated disadvantageously, will be charged at an extra premium. — The rates may also in some cases be proportionally moderated upon Timber Buildings in the country, or when standing single and detached, or attended with circumstances of peculiar security.
††† Tallow-Melters, Soap-Makers, Brewers, Vinegar, and Sweet Makers, Hemp and Flax Dressers, Printing-Houses, Coopers, Carpenters, Cabinet-Makers, Coach-Makers, Malt-Houses, Bakers, Ship Chandlers, Boat Builders, Rope-Makers, Sugar-Refiners, Distillers, Chemists, Varnish-Makers, Turpentine-Works, Theatres, and all Mills and Machinery, are deemed extra-hazardous, and the rate upon such risks will be proportionally increased.
CONDITIONS OF INSURANCE.
I. Persons desirous to make Insurance on Buildings, are to deliver in to the agent the following particulars, viz. — Of what materials the walls and roof of each building are constructed, as well as the construction of the buildings contiguous thereto — whether the same are occupied as private dwellings, or how otherwise — where situated — also, the name or names of the present occupiers.
Each building must be separately valued, and a specified sum insured thereon — and in like manner a separate sum insured on the property contained therein.
All Manufactories which contain Furnaces, Kilns, Stoves, Cookers, Ovens, or otherwise use Fire-Heat, are chargeable at additional rates.
In the Insurance of Goods, Wares, or Merchandise, the building or place in which the same are deposited, is to be described; also, whether such goods are of the kinds denominated hazardous, and whether any manufactory is carried on in the premises. And if any person or persons shall insure his or their buildings or goods, and shall cause the same to be described in the Policy otherwise than as they really are, so as the same be charged at a lower premium than is herein proposed, such Insurance shall be of no force.
II. Goods held in trust, or on commission, are to be insured as such, otherwise the Policy will not extend to cover such property.
III. No loss or damage to be paid on Fire happening by any Invasion, Foreign Enemy, Civil Commotion, Riot, or any Military or usurped Power whatever; nor for damage done by Fire occasioned by Earthquakes or Hurricanes: but this Company will make good losses on Property burnt by Lightning.
IV. Books of Accounts, Written Securities, Bills, Bonds, Tallies, and Ready Money, cannot be insured.
V. Jewels, Plate, Medals, or other Curiosities, Paintings, and Sculptures, are not included in any Insurance, unless such articles are specified in the Policy.
VI. Person insuring Property at this office, must give notice of any other Insurance made elsewhere on their notice on the same, and cause such other Insurance to be endorsed on their Policies; in which case each office shall be liable to the payment only of a rateable proportion of any loss or damage which may be sustained; and unless such notice is given, the insured will not be entitled to recover in case of loss.
VII. No order for Insurance will be of any force, unless the premium is paid to the agent, or unless a sum has been advanced and the agent has delivered his receipt on account of the office, and all persons desirous to continue their Insur-
ance, must make their future payments annually within fifteen days after the day limited by their respective policies, or the same will be void.
VIII. All persons insured by this company, sustaining any loss or damage by fire, are forthwith to give notice to the Company's agent, and as soon as possible after, to deliver in as particular an account of their loss or damage, signed with their own hands, as the nature of the case will admit of, and make proof of the same by their oath or affirmation, and by their books of accounts or other proper vouchers, as shall be reasonably required; and shall procure a certificate under the hands of a magistrate or sworn notary of the city or district in which the Fire happened, not concerned in such loss, importing that they are acquainted with the character and circumstances of the person or persons insured, and do know, or verily believe, that he, she, or they, really, and by misfortune, without any kind of fraud or evil practice, have sustained by such fire, loss and damage to the amount therein mentioned; and until such affidavits and certificates are produced, the loss of money shall not be payable; also, if there appears any fraud or false swearing, the claimant shall forfeit his claim to restitution, or payment by virtue of his policy.
IX. In case any difference or dispute shall arise between the insured and the company, touching any loss or damage, such difference may be submitted to the judgment and determination of arbitrators indifferently chosen, whose award in writing shall be conclusive and binding to all parties. And when any loss or damage shall have been duly proved, the insured shall receive satisfaction, to the full amount thereof, without allowance of any discount, fees, or other deduction whatever.
X. Persons chusing to insure for seven years, will be charged for six years only; also, for a less number of years than seven, will be allowed a reasonable discount.
* * Persons desirous of effecting insurances, are requested to make application to RICHARD TAYLOR , in Norfolk who is appointed the Company's Agent, and is fully authorised to grant Policies on behalf of the Company.
LONDON, 1806. 4wlawtf 4000 bush. coarse Salt; Antigua Sugars, Antigua Rum; Jamaica Coffee; Guadalupe do. Martinique Coffee — For Sale on liberal terms by C. & F. Whittle.
March 13. tf The Subscribers offer for Sale, at their Ware-House, No. 3, Maxwell's wharf.
1000 dozen of CLARET, in cases of from one to six dozen, some of which is of superior quality, and the greater part entitled to drawback.
A few cases, Vin de Grave and Bourdeaux Cordials, Prime Sugar in hds. and bbls.; Coffee in bags, and A few hds. Rum — All of which will be sold low, and on a liberal credit.
Brunet & Thompson. 6w1awtf GERMAN LINEN.
To close sundry consignments, I will sell for approved endorsed paper at 4, 6, and 8 months, 45 pieces heavy Ticklenburgs.
90 do. assorted German Linen, 50 do. fine ditto, 24 do. ditto, 15 do. ditto, 350 do. German ditto.
Also, 110 boxes Window Glass, 7 do. half pint Tumblers; 12000 Bags of various sizes. John C. Meuser.
March 25. tf The partnership of Gilliat & Mackinder being dissolved by the mutual consent of those concerned in it, it becomes necessary that all the transactions of this firm should be immediately settled and closed — All persons therefore who have any claims against the said concern, are requested to send in their demands forthwith, and those indebted are desired to pay up their respective debts to Mackinder & White, who are fully authorised by the late partners of the house of Gilliat & Mackinder to settle and adjust its concerns. March 6. 3m
A float, 1,100 bushels of CORN, 3,700 Red Oak hoghead Staves, 4,300 White Oak do. do. — For Sale by Oliveira, Fernandes, & Co. April 1. 3
A WORK That ought to be in the possession of every MAN.
THE LIFE OF GENERAL WASHINGTON, Complete in 5 volumes 8vo. with an elegant PORTRAIT, and a variety of MAPS, is now ready for subscribers, and a few copies for Sale by JAMES TUCKER.
The following remarks from a late London publication, attest the high opinion entertained of this authentick and interesting work.
"The publick will learn with interest that the literary monument which has long been projected to the memory of the most illustrious character of modern times, is at length completed. No apology can be requisite for erecting such a monument to him, who was the first in war, the first in peace, and the first in the hearts of his fellow citizens: to him who was the founder of a great and prosperous empire, and whose moderation and pure patriotism challenge the imitation of all statesmen. The performance of judge Marshall has already been distinguished by the most honorable & unequivocal testimonies; it has been hailed as an acquisition to standard literature; and it has been considered as deserving, in point of execution, a place by the side of Robertson's Charles the Fifth, and as unrivalled in the authenticity of its materials, by any work in the entire compass of history and biography. April 1. tf
THOSE who have claims against the estate of BENJAMIN WOLF, deceased, are requested to produce them, and those indebted to make immediate payment to Angus Martin, Adm'r. January 7. tf
CASH Will be given for Thirty or Forty SHARES of Virginia Bank Stock. Apply to the Editor of this Paper. Nov. 5. tf
The Subscribers in addition to their general assortment of SHIP CHANDLERY and GROCERIES, have received by the John and Alice, from London, 100 casks Kemp and Hoyt's Brown STOUT, 100 pieces English Canvas, assorted; 2 cases of Buntins, 50 casks of Gunpowder; half ton of Salt Petre — which they will sell low, and on a liberal credit. Noble, Arbuthnott, & Co. October 10.
LOTS FOR SALE. The subscriber will sell fourteen LOTS in the Borough of Norfolk, well situated for private residence. A credit of one and two years will be given for two thirds of the purchase money. A plan may be seen by applying to Robert B. Taylor. March 18. 2m
For RENT, The Fire-Proof HOUSE on Market-Street, occupied by Mr. S. Marks, jun. possession to be had on the 1st June next. George Vashon. Feb. 28.
LEWIS AUGIER, Corner of Market-Square, intending to go to New-York in a few days, offers to sell at a very moderate price if cash is paid immediately, viz.
An assortment of Spring GOODS, Consisting of Gingham, Chambrays, Calicoes, Cambrie Dimities, exceedingly fine Cambrics 4-4 and 6-4, cotton and silk Stockings of the best quality, Linen, Book Muslin, very fine linen Pocket Handkerchiefs, Cotton Cassimeres, Russia Sheeting, Ribbons by the box, Irish Linen 4-4 and 7-8, extra long silk Gloves, Pulittet Handkerchiefs, Buck-Skin Gloves, short coloured Silk do. for women, Ticklenburgs, an assortment of Hardware, and a number of articles too tedious to be described. Ladies' Kid and Morocco Shoes, Children and Girls Morocco do. April 1. 3*
A GREAT BARGAIN.
The Subscriber offers for Sale, THE HOUSE AND LOT, on which he now resides, being one of the most pleasant situations in the town of Portsmouth, extending 270 feet on South-street, and 113 feet on Green-street; contiguous thereto, is a never failing spring of the best water in Norfolk county. The stand is equal, if not superior to any in Portsmouth for a Grocery Store, Tavern, &c. as all the wagons, carts, &c. from North-Carolina and the lower parts of Virginia, pass and repass by the door. The premises consist of a very good Dwelling-House, containing two rooms and a passage below, and three rooms above, a very good Kitchen, Dairy, a large Smock-House, capable of smoking 30,000 wt. bacon; good Stable and Carriage-House; a large Kettle set in brick, capable of scalding 500 hogs per day, with a large and highly improved manured Garden, the whole being well inclosed. For terms, apply to the subscriber on the premises. Edward M. Walker. Portsmouth, April 1. 6t
125 boxes White Havanna SUGAR, of the first quality, now landing from the schooner Fanny Sewell, for Sale by Thomas Willock. March 13. tf
DR. JAMES BROWN, Begs leave to inform his friends and the publick of Norfolk and its vicinity, that he practices PHYSICK AND SURGERY, and hopes to merit publick patronage. — He may be consulted at his shop in Main-street, and adjoining Mess. Southgates' store. Feb. 18. 6w
FOR SALE, 370 bags Coffee, 22 bales Cotton, 11 hogheads clayed Sugar, 50 do. Muscovado do. — entitled to drawback and certificate. 10 chests German Goods, consisting of Britannias, Platillas, and Crease a la Morla — entitled to drawback. 15,000 feet St. Domingo Mahogany, of large dimensions and choice quality; 5000 bushels Liverpool Salt, loose and in sacks; Gosport Rum in hds. and barrels. And on a credit of twelve months for approved paper, 12 pipes choice old L. part. Madeira Wine. James Young.
LOTS for Sale, Lease, &c. THE Subscriber purposes to lay out and dispose of for Building Lots, either in fee simple or upon ground rent, the whole of that square of GROUND in the Borough of Norfolk, so admirably situated in the centre of the town, and immediately between the two Banks. It extends upon Granby-street about 600 feet, and upwards of 400 on Wolf-street, which leads from the United States Bank into Catharine-street. A survey and plot of the same is preparing, and will be ready for the inspection of purchasers in a few days. In the mean time the proprietor will be glad to hold conferences with those who may incline to purchase, in order that the grounds may be so laid out as best to correspond with their wishes. Luke Wheeler. December 12. tf
All persons having claims against the late LEWIS REYNOLDS, are desired to render them legally authenticated to the subscriber. Thomas Griffin. York-Town, March 1. tf
FOR SALE, 50,000 white oak hoghead drawn Staves 50,000 red do. 30,000 rough do. 20,000 Cypress Pales 2,000 Cedar and Chinquepin Posts 30,000 building Shingles. Proby, Harmanson & Co. March 2. tf
FOR SALE. Now landing from the brig Sally and Jenny, 64 hds. Sugar; 11 barrels do. 54 bags Coffee; 10 hds. Rum. — Apply to Phinehas Dana. March 6. tf
NOTICE. ALL persons indebted to the Estate of JAMES DICKINSON, deceased, are desired to come forward; and those who have any claims against said Estate, to bring them forward, in order that they may be settled by Mary Dickinson, Exec'x. Norfolk, Nov. 5.
WHO HAS FOR SALE. That pleasant place BELL VIEW. It contains TWO HUNDRED Acres, lying on the lower end of Barrett's Neck, Nansemond county, between Nansemond River and Chuckatuck Creek, fronting Newport-News, Hampton Roads, and is about 14 miles from Norfolk by water. There is on the land two good Dwelling Houses, one of them a two story frame house, 30 feet square, with a Kitchen, Wash House, Smoke House and Dairy, a large new Barn and Stable, and a Carriage House, a Spring House, and a never failing Spring. The other a new Dwelling House, a Kitchen, Quarter, &c. with a large Garden newly built of the best materials, and a good Stable. The land lies high and level, and is mostly covered with fells: it has a ditch and a fence from Nansemond to Chuckatuck, which prevents stock from going off or coming on the land; and is one of the best places for stock or equal to any in the country. The price will hardly exceed the worth of the buildings on the place if applied for soon. The payment will be expected in cash, as the terms will be remarkably low. George Wilson. March 2. tf
THE SUBSCRIBER Has removed to capt. Will's store, on Marsden's wharf, who offers for sale afloat, 222 barrels superfine Flour 56 half barrels do. 4,000 bushels Indian Corn. And in store, 100 barrels Virginia Pork 100 do. Shad 10 tons Fustick 20 firkins Butter. George Wilson. March 2. tf
Leather, Cordage, and Loaf Sugar. The subscriber will hereafter expose for Sale at his Ware-house on Campbell's wharf the above Articles, of the manufacture of Norfolk, at reduced prices for Cash, or on short credits only. Theo. Armistead. He will sell or lease for a term of years, the STORES at the end of Marsden's and Rothery's wharves. Feb. 29. tf
NOTICE. All who may have claims on Mrs. S. WRIGHT, lately deceased, are requested to forward them for adjustment to L. Anderson, P. M. Williamsburg. Feb. 23. tf
For RENT, And possession given the 1st June next, that well known Tavern,
The Exchange Coffee-House. Any person inclining to rent may have it furnished with suitable furniture and servants, or not, as they may think proper. This house is so well known, that it is conceived no particular description of it is necessary; it is sufficient to observe that it was built expressly for a publick house. John Warren. March 18. tf
NOTICE. The Subscriber having purchased the Plantation near Hampton, formerly called the Glebe, forewarns all persons from cutting wood, or trespassing in any manner under the penalty of the utmost rigour of the law. Robert Wills. March 18. tf
LAND FOR SALE. The subscriber is empowered to sell a Tract of LAND, situate on the south side of the Eastern Branch of Elizabeth River, and distant about one mile from the Bridge. The Land near the river is high, and furnishes a fine view of the town of Norfolk. No site near the town is better adapted for a country seat. The terms of sale will be made accommodating to the purchaser. Robert B. Taylor. January 23. 5m
For RENT, (And immediate possession given) That commodious Fire-Proof WARE-HOUSE, on the North side of Wide Water-street, a few doors West of Commerce-street, at present in the occupancy of Mr. R. Gibson. David Patterson. January 16. tf
A valuable Tract of LAND for Sale. The Subscriber will sell his Plantation called Level-Green, adjoining the town of Kempville, in the county of Princess Anne. There is on the farm a Dwelling-House and orchards; it contains about 500 acres, and the land is excellent; it's figure is a square, and it's local position handsome and eligible, lying on the Eastern Branch of Elizabeth river, and also on the publick road leading to Norfolk. It is conveniently situated with respect to Norfolk market, being about 5 miles distant by water, and 9 by land. It is contiguous to Broad-Creek, which abounds in good oysters; it is well timbered, and has a good landing. 'Tis not necessary to say, that from the timber alone, a net sum may be made nearly, if not entirely, equal to the purchase money. Any person who may wish to view the Land, will apply to Mr. Willes to the premises, to Mr. Charles Sayer, William Bishop, James Robinson, or William White, all of whom reside in the neighbourhood. — The purchaser will be accommodated in a long credit. Tully Robinson. Princess-Anne, August 8. 63
FOR SALE, A Valuable PLANTATION, Lying on Crooked-River, Camden county, in the State of Georgia, twenty-two miles from the town of St. Mary's, and about the same distance from the sea; containing 1770 acres 250 of which are the very best sea-island cotton land, are well cleared, and have only been planted three seasons; there are above 200 acres more of the same quality, with a considerable quantity of large live oak timber on it, and also some excellent Rice Swamp Land. The Buildings consist of one handsome two-story Dwelling-House, a Kitchen, Ginning-House, three Cotton Houses, a Barn and Store-House, and a number of framed Negro Houses, all of which are new, and built of the best materials. This Plantation is situated high, possesses very good water, and is remarkably healthy; there is every convenience for ship-building, the river being navigable for a vessel drawing 18 feet water, and in no river is there to be had a more abundant supply of oysters, with a great variety of other fish. There will also be sold with the Land, One Hundred and Twenty NEGROES, who are now upon it, ninety of whom are taskable, and among them several good tradesmen, the remaining thirty are likely young Slaves. For terms of Sale apply to Captain George Ker, St. Mary's; to the Honourable Judge Stephens, Savannah; Adam Tunno, Esq. Charleston, or to Thomas Hamilton, Sept. 29. tf 212 Norfolk.
COCKE & SANFORD, Have received per the Father and Sons from London, and Laura, from Liverpool, an extensive assortment of Fall and Winter Goods, viz.
Blue, Black, Bottle, Drab, Mill'd Drab, Liver, and Claret, } Superfine CLOTHS, Fashionable Cassimeres; Union Cloth; Swansdown and Silk Waistcoating; coarse Woolens by the piece or bale; Blankets and Flannels do. do.; Irish Linens and Oenaburghs; best Seine Twine; Twill'd Sacking; Coarse and Fine Hats in cases; Velvets, Cords, and Corduroys; Calicoes, Cambrics, Gingham; Silk, Silk and Cotton Chambrays; White, Blue, Black, and Italian Crapes; Bombazens, Bombazets, and Wildbores; Carpets and Carpeting; 100 kegs Gun Powder; 4 Ton Shot; Fowling Pieces; Cutlery assorted in Boxes. Sept. 19. tf 193
For SALE at my Brew-House, Strong, Table, and Ship BEER, by the hoghead, barrel, and half barrel — and a constant supply of bottled PORTER in packages and by the dozen. And in store, Wines, Liquors, and Groceries, wholesale and retail. Joseph Hayes. Feb. 13. tf
NOTES OF HAND, according to the new form established by the Directors of the Office of Discount and Deposit of the Bank of the United States, for sale at this office. ALSO, NOTES for the Virginia Bank; Checks; Bills of Lading, and of Exchange, printed on paper of superior quality; and Shipping Articles on large paper, and approved form. LEDGER OFFICE, February 27.
NORFOLK: PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A-WEEK, BY WILLIAM DAVIS, FOR THE PROPRIETOR, OPPOSITE THE EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE Price Five Dollars and Fifty Cents yearly, in advance.