Gazette of the United States and daily evening advertiser. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1795-02-03 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States AND DAILY EVENING ADVERTISER.
[No. 29 of Vol. VII.]
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 1795.
[Whole No. 751.]
George Green, informs his Friends and Customers in particular, and the Public in general, that he has a New four horse Stage...
Green Coffee, 110,000 weight of Green Coffee, 87 bds. 40 barrels, and 200 bags, entire to the drawback, stored on Messrs. Willing & Francis's wharf.
Bourdeaux Brandy, 30 pipes of London particular Teneriffe, and London particular Madeira WINES, bds. pipes, and quarter casks...
Whereas an attachment at the suit of the administrators of all and singular the goods and chattels, rights and credits, which were of William Burn...
A pleasant Country Seat, MAY be hired for one or more years and possession given immediately, consisting of a neat three story brick house...
Warranted Watches, From 14 to 40 dollars - a very general assortment of Watch-Makers, Chains, Seals, &c. &c. - and a few very handsome French Mantle Clocks...
Forty Dollars Reward. RAN away from the subscribers in Woodbury, Gloucester County, New Jersey, on Sunday morning the 12th instant, Two young Negro Fellows...
For Hamburgh, The fast-sailing Ship INDUSTRY, LYING at Sims's wharf, will sail in a few days, having two thirds of her cargo on board.
Thomas Newman, No. 118, South Second-street. For Sale or Charter, THE SHIP MARGARET, Robert Robertson, Master.
Burlington Pork. A QUANTITY OF Best Burlington Pork, FOR SALE BY Levi Hollingsworth & Son.
Card & Nail Factory, No. 59, north Front street, Webster, Adgate & White, Have constantly for sale, Cotton, Wool, Tow, and Machine Cards.
Machinery for making Cards, An improved Construction. Oct. 2.
PROPOSALS For printing by subscription, a new publication, to be entitled The American Remembrancer & Universal Tablet of Memory.
To the PUBLIC. THE principal design of this publication is to rescue from oblivion the many important events and transactions, which, under divine providence, have been chiefly conducive to the settlement of this country...
James Hardie. N. B. It is requested that such persons as are entrusted with subscription papers, will be so obliging as to return them by the first of March...
W O O D, WILL be delivered in quantities not exceeding a Cord to any one Family, at a moderate price. Application to be made At No. 60, Dock Street.
FOR SALE, At the STORES of Jesse & Robert Waln, PORT WINE in pipes, bds. and quarter casks. LISBON do. in pipes and quarter casks.
This Day was published, [Price 25 cents] AND FOR SALE AT T. BRADFORD'S Book-Store, No. 8, South Front Street, A BONE TO GNAT for the DEMOCRATS; or Observations on a Pamphlet entitled, "The Political Progress of Britain."
The celebrated COMEDIES of THE YOUNG QUAKER; HAUNTED TOWER, and THE SICILIAN ROMANCE; an Opera, by Henry Siddons.
An Assortment of BOOKS In Law, Physic, Surgery, Chymistry, History, Agriculture, Architecture, and Mathematics. With a general Assortment of Stationery of all kinds.
To be Sold, A VALUABLE Tract of Land, BEING that part of the city of New Brunswick that lies in the county of Somerset and state of New Jersey. It contains upwards of 600 acres of very valuable land.
New Brunswick, one of the most flourishing places in New Jersey, lying at the head of the navigation of the river Raritan, is the magazine for the reception of the produce of a very extensive and fertile country...
James M'Alpin, Taylor, No. 3, SOUTH FOURTH STREET. Returns his grateful acknowledgements to his friends and the Public for their liberal encouragement, and begs leave respectfully to solicit a Continuance of their Favour.
This Day is Published, BY WILLIAM YOUNG, Bookseller, No. 52, Second street, corner of Chestnut street, a DISCOURSE ON THE Nature and Reasonableness of FASTING.
The Existing Causes that call us to that Duty. Delivered at Princeton, on Tuesday the 6th of January, 1795, being the Day appointed by the Synod of New York and New Jersey, to be observed as a General Fast...
WANTED, A Quantity of White Beans, For which CASH will be given by Edward Stow jun. No. 4, South Water Street.
FOR SALE, SEVERAL VALUABLE Tracts of LAND, LYING in King George County, Virginia, lying on the south side of Potomack Creek, near its mouth; being one mile from the river Potomack, containing by old survey eleven hundred and ten acres.
Another valuable Tract, lying in Potomack river in King George county, near opposite to Port Tobacco in Maryland, containing about four hundred acres; one hundred of it is heavily timbered with white oak proper for house or ship building...
It is well situated for a Ferry, being at a narrow part of the river, and is not more than three or four miles from the City of Washington by land.
We will likewise sell a valuable Tract of Land, lying partly in King George and partly in Stafford county, containing five hundred acres; this tract is about one mile from Potomack Creek, it is well timbered and watered, the soil is of an excellent quality.
LEWIS WAUGH, OR JOHN WAUGH. FOR SALE, A Lot of Ground, ON the west side of Third, at the corner of New or Story street, to the City of Philadelphia; it being 34 feet 8 inches in front on Third street, and 86 feet deep on Story street.
FOR SALE, The House, No. 10, north Third Street, near Market Street, at present occupied by Job Bacon. A very valuable stand for Business, Having been made use of as a Dry Goods Store for many years.
FOR SALE BY John D. Blanchard, At his Stores, in Third street, Choice TENERIFFE WINE, of superior quality, Consisting of Brandy in pipes, 50 Casks of Claret of a superior quality...
This Day is Published, BY John Ormerod, At the Old Franklin's Mean, No. 41, north side of Chestnut street, A Specimen of the Patriotism of the Jacobins in France; Or the Trial of Jean Baptiste Lacombe...
Department of War. JANUARY 26, 1795. INFORMATION is hereby given, to all the Military Invalids of the United States, that the sums to which they are entitled for six months of their annual pension, from the fourth of September, 1794, and which will become due on the fifth day of March, 1795, will be paid on that day, by the Commissioners of Loans...
By order of the President of the United States, Timothy Pickering, Secretary of War.
Pennsylvania Hospital. 1st Month 26th 1795. The managers, being informed, that many of their Fellow-citizens, entertain an erroneous opinion, that the tax commonly called the Hospital tax, which they have lately paid, is for the use of this hospital...
A FEW COPIES Of the celebrated Performance under the signature of MANLIUS, May be had of John Ormerod, No. 41, Chestnut street. PRICE - 25 CENTS.

From the American Daily Advertiser
GERMANICUS.
LETTER VI.
Some of the ideas which were touched in the preceding paper, deserve a more dilated discussion.
Those who framed the first constitution of Pennsylvania, perfectly understood the efficacy of a censors power. It was made the duty of a council of censors, chosen once in every seven years, to enquire whether the constitution had been preserved inviolate in every part: whether the legislative and executive branches of government had performed their duty, as guardians of the people, or assumed to themselves, or exercised other or greater powers than they were entitled to by the constitution: whether the public taxes had been justly laid and collected in all parts of the commonwealth: in what manner the public monies had been disposed of—and whether the laws had been duly executed. For these purposes, they might send for persons, papers and records: they had the authority to pass public censures, to order impeachments, and to recommend to the legislature the repealing of such laws, as appeared to them to have been enacted contrary to the principles of the constitution. Eventually they might call a convention for amending it. I do not pretend that any self-created society could regulate the public mind, as decisively as this council, created by the constitution. But that such a society will possess some means of impressing their censure, which no individuals, or occasional assemblage of individuals of equal number can acquire, is manifest from experience and from their own consciousness, proved by their determination to exhibit themselves as a society rather than as individuals. Consider then the unreasonableness of the expectation, that any set of men should, by merely assuming the form of a society, arrogate and exercise with a degree of influence, powers, on which a constitution of Pennsylvania has relied as the resort for its regeneration, and which have been there guarded by restriction of them to the special representatives of the people.
At a moment's warning, will these standing bodies be ready to enter the lists of party. They will not wait, until the people feel or complain, but they are hastily summoned; an individual or two cultivate the prejudices or weakness of a few more; public measures are agitated, and characters canvassed, with partial views, and thus sets are resolved, and promulgated, with an air of mature consideration by an organized body. For the achievement of any project, opportunities, can always be prepared or snatched by an industrious zealot, to push motions, when none but preconcerted advocates are present.
When I observed, that in occasional meetings of individuals, if there be a suspicion of foreign gold, the person, suspected is marked and loses his faculty of doing mischief; I meant not to depart from the rule, which I have preferred to myself, of abstaining from reflections on individuals of those societies. But in detailing the evils, to which the societies may be applied, it naturally occurs that if some individual, more dexterous in debate than the rest, should be the emissary or partizan of foreign princes; he dictates an opinion by his eloquence; and the public are cut off from the ability of truly estimating a vote, procured under such auspices. Is it republicanism, to expose people to such an abuse?
The spirit de corps arises from the pride incident to most standing political bodies. The members, believing, that their own reputation is involved in that of their society, they defend it in points, which they individually disapprove. Hence we see, that the societies are enabled and tempted to make protests by efforts, to which they would have been incompetent, as individuals.
And what redress can an injured person have against these societies? It will be said that their president, their secretary, or their printer may be prosecuted. But as soon as a prosecution is begun, a vote may pass, for making the cause common. Then the friends, relations, and connections of the societies step forth. Their writers endeavor to strangle justice; and the oppressed individual, like himself, is overwhelmed by the machinations and pressure of a society.
These are among the many distinctions, which subsist between occasional meetings of the people and the societies. The last, however, which shall be noticed here, may be thought to merit attention. In occasional meetings, he, who calumniates his neighbor, cannot be concealed; and recollects, that he is responsible for every disparaging word which he utters. The aspersions which are dealt out from the societies, may be either worked up into a formal act, or whispered abroad to the utmost gratification of malice, the author knowing himself to be secure from detection.
GERMANICUS.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Debate concluded from Saturday's Gazette.
MR. BOUDINOT observed, that he should not have troubled the committee on this question, had it not been for several considerations particularly applicable to himself; he was as impartial on the present debate as any member on the floor. After the close of this session of Congress
he never expected to receive a farthing of public money again, and therefore no interest of his own could sway his judgment, improperly to object against the resolution on the table. He had been among the number of those members, who originally were for fixing the compensation of Congress at a less sum than six dollars, not because he thought it beyond the amount of their expenses, but from an idea of the then deranged state of the finances, and that if sacrifices were to be made, they should begin with this house.
He appealed to his uniform conduct for six years past, to prove that he had always opposed an increase of salaries or other public expenses, when the interest of the union did not require it.
He did not doubt that the gentleman who brought forward this resolution, thought he was doing his duty in advocating it, and Mr. B. thought it was equally the duty of the committee to be convinced that they were not wasting their time in unnecessarily proceeding in business without having some foundation for rational inquiry. The gentleman had declared that he was led to bring forward the resolution, not from any conviction of his own, for he knew not the officer, to whom he could point his finger and say, that he had a greater salary than he deserved, but it was from the voice of the people, who were discontented and clamorous on the subject of large salaries and particularly the compensation to members of Congress. Mr. B. said for his own part he did not believe these objections arose from the voice of the people. Had the gentleman offered any evidence of this to the committee? That he believed it himself Mr. B. did not doubt; but this ought not to be sufficient evidence to the committee. There was none on the table. Not a single petition had come forward to the House on this subject. There was nothing in the completion of our government that prevented the application of the people to their representatives if they were dissatisfied. They had frequently re-chosen the same members, who voted for this compensation. From whence then arose the evidence of the public voice, being clamorous against the compensation of the members of Congress.
Mr. B. did not doubt but there were uninformed individuals, who might object to six dollars per day; but he was confident that the well informed among the citizens of the United States, and those who reflected on the subject would think (at the present at least) it was not more than would barely pay the reasonable expenses of gentlemen who attended their duty here in a proper manner. Almost every article of consumption was 20 to 30 per cent. higher now, than it was at the commencement of the government.
The constitution of the United States as the act of the people and the public voice, contemplated a compensation to the members of Congress. Did not this mean something more than the bare discharge of their expenses, yet Congress had not gone beyond it.
When Congress sat at New-York, Mr. B. said he was in a situation more favorable in point of expense than any gentleman on the floor, who did not reside in that city; he boarded with a near relation, and was in a manner in his own family; and, although he paid the usual price of boarding as at other places, yet there were a thousand nameless small articles which saved him many advances. He was within sixteen miles of his own family, from whence he received many things that prevented his laying out money. During three sessions he kept an exact and faithful account of his expenditures, and at the end of them the balance was but 438. 4d. but on which side of the question his memory did not allow him to say.
At present he was also under very peculiar advantages, yet he was confident, that at the end of the session he should not have any balance in his favor from his compensation as a member. Mr. B. appealed to every gentleman's own knowledge, and particularly to the gentleman who made the motion, if he thought that what he received would more than pay his expenses.
Gentlemen were often crying out against an Aristocracy in this country, yet measures of this kind tended to establish one, by reducing the compensation of members, so that no citizen but the rich and affluent should attend as a representative in Congress. This certainly was the most effectual way of bringing about a dangerous aristocracy in the United States. Should not men of abilities, though in the middle walks of life be encouraged to come forward and yield their services to their country, without being dependent on any person or set of men whatever? Is it not sufficient that their time and talents are given to the public; must they pay their expenses too?
Mr. B. was aware, that the resolution proposed, related to the officers of government as well as members of Congress, but he had confined them to the last, as the part of the subject he was best acquainted with. He begged gentlemen to look round and point out the public officer who received more than a reasonable reward for his services. Professional men of the first abilities were absolutely necessary to carry on the public business, and could any one fit for his office, be shewn who could not do full as well, if not much better, in the exercise of his profession in private life, than he did in the public service, if pecuniary matters were his only object. In
shot, Mr. B. said, this house was placed between Scylla and Charibdis. The public officers were complaining and even resigning for want of sufficient compensation for their services, on the other hand, an attempt was now made to reduce the salaries still lower, on the supposed clamors of the people. Mr. B. did not believe, they could be denominated those of the people, neither did he see any evidence of the fact. He did not consider the complaints of a few individuals, as the public voice. Ought not the gentlemen to come forward with some kind of calculations, or estimates to have shown that certain salaries were too high, or more than the services performed were entitled to. This had not been done, but the Committee were urged at this important moment to proceed to an enquiry, which every gentleman on the floor, already knew, as well as he could do by the most labored investigation.
He therefore concluded, that to agree to the resolution, would be a waste of time to the short time that yet remained of the session and an unwise measure. Mr. B. would have contented himself with joining the committee in a silent vote on this subject, but he thought the observations made in support of the measure ought to receive some answer—if not to convince the committee, yet to satisfy their constituents that there could exist no necessity for a pre-enquiry of this nature.
A CONTINUATION OF THE
Latest Foreign Advices
By the COLUMBIA, Capt. Fitch, from BRISTOL.
[From the STAR, of Dec. 1.]
ACCOUNT OF THE SIEGE of MAESTRICHT.
THE left wing of the Austrian army, commanded by General La Tour, having been defeated by the French near Liege, that part of the right wing which had been encamped near this place, on the right bank of the Meuse, left this position on the 19th of September, to join the grand army at Fouron Le Comte, in order to reinforce it, and prevent the enemy from making any farther progress, till the baggage, artillery, &c. should have effected their retreat. The Commissaries belonging to the Imperial field battery, received, at the same time, orders, provisionally, to remove it to Juliers.
The Austrian corps, commanded by Gen. Kray, which was encamped on the left side of the Meuse, before the Brussels gate, left also its position, and abandoned the batteries constructed for its defence. Eight battalions of foot, with a few horse, chassens, and cannon, under the orders of General Klebeck, entered the place on the same day, while the remainder of that corps quitted that town and its neighbourhood.
A part of the garrison was immediately employed in cutting down the trees around the fortress, which were likely to obstruct its defence; and all the necessary preparations were made for a long and vigorous resistance.
The same night, the Corps of the Prince of Hohenlohe, composed of French emigrants and deserters, in the pay of Holland, which for some months had been in garrison at Maestricht, left it, and marched to Venlo.
On the following day, the 20th of September, the French made their appearance in the neighbouring villages, on the left banks of the Meuse; skirmished at night with our out-posts; and on the next day, the place was already completely blocked up on that side. On the same day, the Austrian army fell back from Fouron le Comte to Gulpen and Aix-la-Chapelle, and took post at and near Aldenhoven.
Nothing could now prevent the French from crossing the Meuse, near the town, and to block it up also on the side of Wyk, which they did accordingly, on the 22d of September. The place was, however, not so closely hemmed in on the right bank of the river, as it was on the left.
On the morning of the same day, whilst we were employed in felling some remaining trees before the Wyk gate, the French placed some pieces of cannon and howitzers near the village of Hengem, a quarter of a league distant from the town, and fired some shells and balls on the fourth part of the place, which damaged the French church and some other buildings, and threw the inhabitants into the utmost consternation. The enemy's fire was, however, soon silenced, and they were obliged to retreat.
On the three following days, the 23d, 24th and 25th, nothing particular happened, but some skirmishes between the chassens and other light troops. The French had also erected a battery on the Camberry, (Eau Mountain) before Bois le Duc gate, and mounted it with some pieces of ordnance, with
which they harassed our pickets and advanced posts. Now and then they threw also a shell in the place from that battery.
On the 24th, a trumpeter, followed by a French officer, appeared before the Wyk gate, to reclaim a safeguard taken by our troops; and on the following day a cannoner was taken into custody, who had been found on the roof of the play-house, with some gun powder and other combustibles in his possession.
On the 26th, arrived another trumpeter, with a French Colonel, at the barrier of the Peters Gate, blindfolded like the former. He was conducted to the Governor, the Prince of Hesse Cassel, to whom he delivered the summons of the French General Kleber, demanding, within three hours time, to surrender the fortress to a victorious and invincible army. The Governor returned, in answer, that his honour, as well as his duty, obliged him to defend the place to the utmost extremity. The above summons was accompanied by a missive of the French General to the Magistrates of the town, requesting them to insist upon the surrender of the town; the answer to which was, on the following day, delivered to the said General, in his head quarters at Kan, by the Governor's aid-de-camp, accompanied by an Austrian trumpeter.
Though the enemy had not yet constructed the necessary works for besieging the fortress, nor seemed as yet provided with the ordnance requisite for that purpose, yet it was supposed that the Governor's refusal would cause the French immediately to commence from the batteries already erected. The inhabitants were much alarmed, and many saved themselves and their goods, by hiding in the cellars and other places under ground, which they covered with dung. Yet all remained quiet till the 28th, when a detachment of Austrian horse in the morning, made a sortie, and took one piece of cannon from the enemy. On the same day, in the afternoon, another sortie caused without the Bois le Duc gate; some shot were fired from our ramparts, and the enemy's battery on the Camberry, and some of their balls and shells reached the town, but did little damage.
The following night, as well as the next day, all was quiet, except the pickets now and then firing a musket shot on each other.
In the night between the 29th and 30th of September, a French piquet made an attack on the fort, near the battalion de Roy, without the Wyk gate, on the right banks of the Meuse, but was soon repulsed.
On the following day it was observed, that the French had succeeded in
bury, Lowberg, &c. on the left banks of the Meuse, and were busily employed in erecting other works in that quarter. They began also to construct batteries, redoubts, &c. on the right banks of that river, on the road of Merfen, and by the mills near the village of Gronsfield, so that in a few days we were completely surrounded by their works. We thought, however, that the enemy had thrown up these works rather for their own defence against the garrison, and in order to block up the place, till want of provisions should force it to surrender, than for the purpose of a regular siege, well convinced that, as long as the Grand Austrian Army maintained its position on this side, Maestricht had nothing to fear; and we also flattered ourselves that this army would be able to relieve the place.
On the 2d of October we heard a severe cannonade North-east from us, which lasted the whole day, and seemed to announce a battle between the Austrians and the French, near the Ruer, the issue of which, however, as we do not perceive any change in our favor, we had reason to suppose unfavorable to the former.
On the 6th of October a detachment of Austrian foot, horse and chassens made a sortie, or rather reconnoitred the enemy without the Brussels gate, on which occasion a captain of hussars and some rank and file were wounded: at the same time, several cannon shot were fired from our batteries; the French answered as usual, threw some balls and shells into the town, and ceased firing as soon as we did.
The fortress had now been blocked up a fortnight; no fresh provisions had been received but from the village of St. Peter, situated under the guns of the place, and out of the gardens within the town. Their price, of course, increased in proportion to their scarcity, and ran very high; a want of coals and wood began also to be felt, which, on account of the fast approaching severe season, rendered the prospect before us still more gloomy.
Meanwhile, the magazines of bread,
butter, cheese, rice, tobacco, &c. established in the place for the subsistence of the garrison during a time of three months, were opened, and the Austrian as well as Dutch troops, received weekly out of these magazines, what was necessary for their consumption.
These troops, whose number, besides some workmen and pioneers, amounted to about 8000 men, were to receive, and thence arose another great difficulty, since money began to grow very scarce. The bankers, and other wealthy inhabitants of this town, had left it on the departure of the imperial army, the bills of exchange, which the Dutch part of the garrison might have drawn on their agents, could not therefore be sold; the military chest, as well as the baggage of the Imperial troops, which composed the other most considerable part of the garrison, being with the grand army, the necessary money for their pay was also to be found by the military government of the town, which rendered the above difficulty more distressing.
In order to obviate the dangerous consequences, likely to arise from the troops not receiving their pay, the Governor, as well as the magistrates, determined as much as possible to assist them with their cash; a certain sum of money was demanded from the two Chapters of St. Servatius and of Our Lady, and the specie, found in the chests of sepochs, and of other public debts, was put in requisition.
The inhabitants, as well as the Chapters, did all in their power to comply with the above request, and received the Governor's bond, promising the payment of the sums advanced, and 4 per cent interest, as soon as circumstances would admit. Though in this manner a considerable sum had been collected, yet its insufficiency for any length of time was obvious, and the necessity of supplying the defect by some extraordinary means, forcibly felt. On account of the many inconveniences and disorders which might attend the introduction of paper money, this expedient was rejected; and in its stead it was resolved, from the Roman Catholic Churches and Convents, provisionally to demand their plate, for the purpose of transferring into coin. The sum total of the value of the plate thus raised on the Governor's bond amounts to 37,882 florins, 18 s. 10 d. a sum very trifling indeed, if compared with the great number of Roman Catholic Churches and Convents that are found in Maestricht.
The Governor continued with unwearied zeal to adopt every measure of defence, which prudence and military skill could devise. In order more forcibly to oppose any attempt which the enemy might make on that side, two boats, carrying each one piece of cannon, were stationed on the Meuse, over against the village of St. Peter.
The French having begun to break ground, and construct batteries on the mountain of St. Peter, under the guns of the Fort, probably with an intention of facilitating an attack on the Fort, on the 9th of October, a sally was made by a detachment, consisting of about 800 Dutch and Austrian foot, horse and chassens, in order to destroy the enemy's batteries, which partly succeeded. Two prisoners and a great quantity of entrenching tools were taken from the enemy. Our loss was about 40 killed and wounded. A Captain of the Meelemburgh troops was taken prisoner, and a Lieutenant of the Austrians lost a foot by the bursting of a shell.
On the night between the 10th and 11th of October, a severe cannonade and musket fire was kept up from the Fort, on some French pickets, which attacked our out posts, but were soon forced back. The enemy were busily employed in re-establishing their partly destroyed batteries on the Mountain of St. Peter; and at the same time endeavoured to complete their works on the Liroberg, over against the above mountain, in the construction of which they were severely harassed, by a well directed fire from the Fort.
Those works being nearly all destroyed against the Fort, the enemy's design seemed to be, to render themselves masters of that post, in order to facilitate the reduction of Maestricht. The garrison of the fort was therefore reinforced, and a covert way was constructed from the Peters Gate to the fort; by means of which, whatever was thought necessary for its defence, could be conveyed thither, unknown to the enemy, and every exertion made, to defend that important post to the utmost extremity.
On the 11th and 12th of October, we observed on the side of Gronsfield, on the right banks of the Meuse, a large train of French troops, artillery, cars, wagons, &c. coming from North East. At first we flattered ourselves that this

indicated the enemy's intention to raise the siege; but had soon found stronger reasons to suppose that the above troops were designed to reinforce the besieging army, and probably detached from their grand army, pursuing that of the Emperor.
On the 13th, an officer of the garrison, accompanied by a trumpeter, was sent to the enemy's head quarters, now transferred to Peterheim, to reclaim one of our videts, an Austrian chasseur, who had been taken by the enemy's out posts, and was accordingly dismissed by the French General. On this occasion, the officer was presented with a Liege Carbine, relating among other news, that Bois-le-Duc was in the hands of the French.
On the 14th another French officer, accompanied by a trumpeter, made his appearance at the Bois-le-Duc Gate, and was conducted to the Governor in the same manner as before. He brought a letter from General Kleber, commanding the besieging army, wherein he informed the Highness that the Austrian army had crossed the Rhine some days ago, and that the French head quarters were at Cologne—that Bois-le-Duc, Coblenz and Juliers, were taken by the French—and that they had also invested Vezel and Nimeguen. At the same time he offered the Governor the most honorable capitulation, and desired him to send an officer to his head quarters, before whom he should lay the most convincing proofs of what he stated in his letter.
The Governor having assembled a Council of War, returned the next day in answer, that without express orders from his Sovereign, it was not in his power to accept the French General's proposals and requested leave to send an Officer to the Hague for the purpose of demanding these orders, which having been refused by General Kleber, all negotiations were entirely broken off.
Though we had no reason to doubt the retreat of the Austrians beyond the Rhine, the reduction of Bois-le-Duc, Coblenz and Juliers, and the progress of the enemy; yet there was some small hope, that a speedy conclusion of peace might save the place from the impending fate of being taken by the French.
On the 20th of Oct. the enemy's park of artillery was increased by 30 pieces of heavy ordnance, and two mortars. On the 21st a detachment of Austrian foot, horse and chasseurs accompanied by a number of pioneers made a sortie, and destroyed a small intrenchment which the enemy had constructed at about 300 feet distance from the Glacis, before the Brussels Gate. On this occasion, killed not more than six wounded.
In the night, between the 22nd and 23rd of Oct. the enemy completed its parallel; and the 23rd commenced with the second, which proved a serious intention to form a regular siege against the place.
Our batteries, which till then, had remained in their silent, began now to thunder and howler down upon the enemy's works, balls, bombs, shells, and grenades, whilst the fort of St. Peter continued also a severe cannonade on their works on the Lumberg. From these works they sometimes cannonaded the fort; and their rangers and chasseurs harassed our out posts.
The intrenchments within the place being not sufficient to hold that part of the garrison which was not on duty, some new ones, or rather caverns, were dug under the ramparts. A house opposite to St. Nicholas church, was chosen for the chief guard-house, and, as much as possible, secured against balls and bombs.
About the end of this month of Oct. a beginning was made with circulating the aforesaid coin. The intention was, to first coin pieces of 100, 50, 25, 10 and 5, diviers; but the execution of the plan was afterwards confined to the two first. They were marked with the armorial ensigns of the town, and the date of the year of 1795.
On the 29th of October, the enemy who had hitherto only now and then fired on the fort of St. Peter, began to cannonade it without intermission, and also pushed their works nearer the town with great activity.
On the 30th, in the afternoon, another French trumpeter was admitted into the town by the Bois-le-Duc Gate, and conducted to the Governor. He brought a letter to the magistrates chiefly requesting their answer to the second summons of the French General, which was delivered to them within a short time.
The Critical moment was now come when the town was to experience the most dreadful fate. The above trumpeter had scarcely left the gate when
the enemy began to salute the town with some bombs and balls from their batteries on the Cimbens. This fire lasted the whole night, till ten o'clock the next morning, at which time, not only from these batteries, but from all their other works around the place, the enemy commenced a cannonade so tremendous, that the air was instantly filled with balls, bombs, and howitzer shells, and scarcely a place of security was left through the whole town. A number of public and private buildings were either burnt down to the ground, or otherwise destroyed, and the groans of wounded inhabitants and soldiers were every where heard.
Three days had we passed in this distressing situation, when the Governor, moved by the intreaties of the Magistrates, and several other circumstances, began to treat with the French General about the terms of a capitulation, which were soon settled; and the capitulation was signed on the 4th of November.
About 200 inhabitants and soldiers were either killed or wounded, during the three days bombardment; more than 2000 buildings are either entirely destroyed, or greatly damaged; 12,000 bombs, balls, and howitzer shells, have been thrown into it; some of the first weighed 200lbs. And it was the enemy's intention, on the 4th, to attempt a general storm, which it would have been utterly impossible for a garrison, consisting of 5,600 Austrian horse and foot, 200 hussars, and 1500 Dutch troops, worn out by fatigue, to have defended themselves from.
From the STAR, of Nov. 29. Twenty new regiments are to be raised immediately, and letters of service are ordered for that purpose.
The barracks ordered to be got ready in Jersey and Guernsey, are intended for the army that is to invade France, and co-operate with the royalists.
The Lisbon and Cadiz convoy were separated in the mouth of the channel by a hard gale of wind; but many of them (as stated by us yesterday) have already reached their destined ports.
At Helvoetsluys, the Dutch have towed up the river, and laid close on shore several large frigates, of from 30 to 40 guns each—they have also lying there six sail of the line, that are in no kind of readiness for sea.
A morning paper, in answer to the probability of the increase of the French navy, which we hinted at a few days ago, asserts, that the French may get ships, but they cannot procure sailors. So it was asserted, by the same authority, that they could not make soldiers. But we can assure the public, from unquestionable authority, that the most fortunate of the French cruisers, the Thames frigate, had upwards of ninety men on board, who had never been at sea before, when she took the Expedition packet, from Lisbon, and twelve other English vessels.
At the end of the year 1791, the French possessed 73,000 registered seamen, exclusive of boys.
December 2. A letter from an officer on board the Essex Indiaman, dated Rio Janeiro, South-America, July 7th, says, "We reached this place on the 2d inst. having parted with the fleet in a heavy fog on the 29th ultimo.—We found here the Boddam, and Swift sloop, and the Surprise transport for Botany Bay; the Contractor joined us on the 3d, and brought advice of the remainder of the fleet having directed their course for the Cape."
The only circumstances which occurred during our passage here, worthy notice, was the discovery of the plot formed by Palmer, and other persons on board the Surprise transport, to murder the captain, and seize the command of the vessel, in which they were to attempt their escape to America. The plan was to have been carried into execution on the 4th of June, but was providentially discovered to Capt. Campbell on the preceding evening by one of the accomplices. Palmer was in consequence sent heavily ironed on board the Swift sloop, and the chief mate, whom he had gained over to his purpose, was sent in irons on board the commodore's ship. The business has been closely investigated, but nothing has transpired to convict Muir of being concerned with Palmer. I saw him yesterday on shore, with his wife and some ladies who have accompanied him, perfectly well. Palmer, it is believed, will be sent home on our reaching the Cape, for trial.
"We sail from this place to-morrow, in company with the Boddam, Contractor, Swift sloop, and Surprise transport."
December 3. His excellency the earl of Westmoreland has already made the necessary pre-
parations for his departure from Ireland. Several of the domestics belonging to his household have in consequence been dismissed.
Yesterday Mr. Grattan, and several Irish gentlemen, dined with Mr. Pitt, at Holwood, in Kent.
* Yesterday 313 commissions for the army were signed by the king, at Windsor.
Orders have been sent to all the royal dock-yards, to expedite the repairs now going on with as much celerity as the season of the year will admit.
The empress of Russia, we are now told, in consequence of the success of her arms against the liberties of Poland, is immediately to join the allies against France. She is now to supply twelve sail of the line and twenty frigates, to convoy twenty thousand Russians to Guernsey and Jersey, where barracks are preparing for them. They are to be joined by all the French emigrants and twenty thousand English and Irish troops; and in February or March are to make a descent upon the French coast, and furnish the royalists in Normandy and La Vendee with arms, &c. And thus a powerful diversion is to be created in favor of the allies upon the Rhine, and on the frontiers of Holland; and the Spaniards will get rid of the French armies, which are at present so troublesome to them, who will be obliged to return home for the protection of their own country.
The plain English of all this is—The empress is determined, that if she can prevent it, certain European powers shall not yet be allowed to enjoy the blessings of peace. If she can only make them so far her dupes as to believe she intends to perform one iota of all her promises, she gains her point; for on account of her distance from the scene of action, she will be excused from being first in the field, and when once the others have begun the campaign, she will make her appearance in their favor—if it suits her purpose; or against them—if it shall then better answer her policy.
Besides the twenty-one fencible regiments, for which letters of service have been issued, (of which three are to be raised by the East-India company, without any expense to government) above twenty more have been offered, to consist of one thousand men each, which have not for the present been accepted. Some of the old regiments are to be augmented to sixteen hundred men, or formed into two battalions of eight hundred men each.
LONDON, Nov. 28.
The Barons For Thistle, 25th Nov. 1795. Answers to his Imperial Majesty, and Count Cobenzel, are gone on a particular mission into Switzerland.
Should Mr. Thelwall be acquitted, it is rumored that the prosecution against the remaining prisoners will be dropped.
A change is also to take place in the conduct of the trial. Mr. Sergeant Adair is to open the proceedings on the part of the crown, and Mr. Bearcroft to reply on the behalf of the case.—The Lord Chief Baron of the exchequer is to sum up the evidence; and to deliver the charge to the jury.
The arduous task of defending the prisoner is again imposed upon Mr. Erskine and Mr. Gibbs, by assignment.
In the discharge of their respective duties at the Old Bailey, too much praise cannot be bestowed on the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs, for their humane attention to the prisoners, and their polite accommodation to strangers who frequent the court.
On Saturday evening after the crowd that surrounded the Old Bailey had testified their applause of the conduct of Messrs. Erskine and Gibbs, they returned to the Old Bailey, and awaited till the Lord Mayor came out; and as soon as he was in his carriage, the air was rent with buzzes and beats of—Skinner for ever! They endeavored to take off the horse, but were prevented by the constables, until the carriage drove away; they succeeded, however, in Giltspur-street, and drew him in triumph to his house in Aldersgate-street. After he had got out, and the carriage was drawn away from the door, his Lordship addressed the affectionate crowd, in a short speech, expressing how much he felt himself satisfied by their approbation of his conduct and the manner in which he had kept the peace of the City. Repeated buzzes succeeded his speech, and the immense concourse of people separated in a few minutes.
The official bulletin of the Imperial army, and the army of the Empire, dated at the head quarters at Schweinsingen the 10th inst. mentions that the French, notwithstanding the advanced season, are still resolutely prosecuting their warlike operations; A column of the French troops, to whom Coblenz surrendered, has proceeded with the Handtruck, to augment the forces destined for the siege of Mentz, whilst another detachment from the army of the Sambre and the Meuse, is filing off towards Holland, to act in concert with the army of the North against that country.
HULL, November 25.
We bear that a light, with reflectors, is erected upon the outer end of the North Pier at Sunderland, and is intended to be lighted by the latter end of this month. At spring tides the light will be visible three hours before high water, and will be kept up every night to full high water; but, from the first of January 1795, when there is a leading wind for ships to sail into the harbour with safety on either tack, the light will then be kept up one hour after high water. The present channel into the harbour lies close to the North Pier, and, although narrow, is very safe and good, and, to appearance, is likely to continue so.
UNITED STATES.
SPRINGFIELD, Jan. 28.
The Democratic Societies. Discover, in their late addresses, a deal of pettishness at what they call an attempt in Congress to denounce them. Have the people, from whom all power in this country ought to flow, invested these societies with authority to denounce Congress, and vilify all the officers of government? No! is the answer of the people.—We can do our own business, in the way of our own choice, and we thank no man, or set of men, for assuming it from our hands! But these pure societies, these self-made guardians of the people's rights, for the want of real evils, with which to found an alarm, are obliged to have recourse to imaginary ones—they assume the character of prophets—the Liberty of the Press, say they, is in jeopardy, and will soon be lost!—On what grounds this prediction is founded, none but such prophets can discover—not on any restraints which have been threatened, or taken place—indeed, the freedom of the press cannot be extended or enlarged in this country, unless certain printers should assume the liberty of using libel, good citizens for paper, and pitch-forks for types.
Much is prated in these addresses about infringements on the liberty of speech—A man sometimes loses a thing (a pen-knife for instance) and runs about house with the article in his mouth, raving and damning the rascal who stole it—thus rendering himself the object of ridicule to the bye-standers. An honest Hibernian defined American freedom of speech, to be—the liberty of spitting in your neighbour's face, every time you speak to him; or, spitting in his face without speaking to him at all, at all. Pat, knew and felt that there was no restraint.
PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 3.
From a Correspondent.
There can be no greater sign of the Clubbists being, in great trouble than the fluttering they make since Germanicus turned his artillery upon them.
Germanicus, as was to be expected, immediately on his appearance, was denounced by the Clubbists, as incompetent to the object of his essays—Subsequent attacks, however, fully shew that this denunciation has been rendered by them—unless indeed their conduct is to be accounted for on their usual plan of absurdity—the latter is the more probable supposition.
To Correspondents.
Several articles have been received thro' the Post-Office—but, tho' their object appears to be good, they are too obscure and incorrect for publication.
Departed this life, at his residence in the state of Delaware, on Wednesday the 28th ult. in the 73d year of his age, the Rev. Mr. MORGAN B.D. WARD, formerly Minister of the Baptist church in this city. To a benevolent mind, enlarged by a liberal education, he added, in no small degree, the endearing virtues of social life; The College of Rhode-Island, in which he long held a fellowship, besides other literary institutions, is a testimonial of his early endeavours to promote the cause of science; and the society of Christians with which he was more particularly connected, will long remember the devotion of his time and superior talents to increase their best interests, both in Europe and America. His remains, agreeably to his own desire, having been brought to this city, were deposited on Friday last in the aisle of the Baptist church, attended by a very respectable concourse of sympathizing friends; on which occasion a funeral eulogium was delivered by the Rev. Dr. William Rogers.
Translated from the Courier Francois of this morning.
Extract of a letter from a Citizen of the Cape, who went from Philadelphia in the Flag of Truce, the General Washington, dated at Nantes the 10th November.
"We arrived here in 27 days passage; we found the French, Brothers and Friends, who commiserate our misfortunes, and have afforded us the greatest succors both in money and provisions: I received one hundred Livres a month from the Municipality for myself and daughter: Further, we are allowed daily a pound of bread, a pound of meat, and a quarter of a pound of cheese for each person, and this is allowed to all the Refugees; all the affairs of France prosper greatly; and we hope to be reimbursed for the losses we have sustained."
Extract of a Letter from a very reputable Mercantile House in London to a merchant of this city dated London 21st November 1794.
"We have the pleasure to inform you that the Treaty between Great-Britain and the United States was signed the 19th inst. We are not yet so accurately acquainted with the terms as to detail them, to you, but we know that both Mr. Jay and the Duke of Portland have declared them to
be so liberal that they have no doubt they will give general satisfaction.
We heartily congratulate you on this happy event which by doing away all the grounds of misunderstanding will unite the two Countries on the footing of Amity that is natural to them and which will contribute to the welfare and prosperity of both.
PRICE OF STOCKS.
6 per Cents 20/ 3 per Cents 11/6 Deferred 13/6 Bank of the United States 30 to 32 — Pennsylvania 30 to 32 — North America, 30
In the press and speedily will be published,
BY THOMAS DOBSON,
No. 41, fourth Second street,
WOLSTONCRAFT'S
Historical & Moral View
OF THE
French Revolution,
And the effect it has produced in Europe.
N. Y. A few Copies of the London Edition, for sale at two dollars and a quarter.
Feb. 3. 2aw3w
NOTICE.
A Monthly Meeting of the
Philadelphia Society for the Information and
Assistance of Persons emigrating from Foreign
Countries, will be held at Sharpless's School
Room, in Fromberger's Court, at Seven o'
clock, on Wednesday evening, the fourth inst.
As the propriety of various Additions and
Alterations in the Constitution will be discussed,
the punctual Attendance of Members is
requested.
By Order of the Committee,
WM. TURNER, SECRETARY.
Members elected the 7th. Uli.
Dr. Logan, Geman-Town
Mr. William Lacey, Philadelphia
Jeremiah Warder, Do.
John Ambler, Do.
Thomas Palmer, Bristol Road
* The Constitution is left for signature of the members elected, at the Office of Messrs. Wrigley and Berriman, No. 149, Chestnut Street.
Feb. 2. 3t
NEW THEATRE.
TO-MORROW EVENING
FEBRUARY 4.
Will be Presented
A COMEDY, called The
Clandestine Marriage.
Lord Ogleby, Mr. Chalmers
Sir John Melvii, Mr. Green
Sterling, Mr. Morris
Lovewell, Mr. Marshall
Canton, Mr. Harwood
Bruff, Mr. Moreton
Sergeant Flower, Mr. Francis
Travers, Mr. Cleveland
Trueman, Mr. Warrell
Servant, Mr. Darley jun.
Mrs. Heidelberg, Mrs. Shaw
Mrs. Sterling, Mrs. Morr
Fanny, Mrs. Marshall
Betty, Mrs. Rowson
Chambermaid, Mrs. Francis
Trusty, Mrs. Bates
To, which will be added,
A PANTOMIME, reduced to one act
called
Robinson Crusoe.
With the original Music, Scenery, Machinery, &c. &c.
The Scenery designed and painted by Mr. Milbourne.
The Pantomime under the direction of Mr. Bates.
Robinson Crusoe, Mr. Bates.
Savages, Messrs. Nugent, Blisset, Mitchell, Price, J. Warrell, T. Warrell, &c.
Pierrot, Mr. Darley jun.
Pantaloon, Mr. De Moulin
Captain of ship, with a long, Mr. Darley
Friday, Mr. Francis
To conclude with a Characteristic Dance of Savages, composed by Mr. Francis
Ladies and Gentlemen are requested to send their servants to keep places by five o'clock, and order them, as soon as the company are seated, to withdraw, as they cannot on any account be permitted to remain.
No money or tickets to be returned, nor any person on any account whatsoever, admitted behind the scenes.
Box one Dollar—Pit 4 of a Dollar—and Gallery 1/6 a dollar.
Tickets and places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Wells, at the Theatre, from ten till three, and on days of performance from ten till three o'clock.
Also at Rice's Bookstore, No. 50, 2nd and Carey's No. 118. Market street.
The public are respectfully informed, that till further notice, doors will be opened at five and the performance begin at six o'clock, precisely.
Vivat Republica!