The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]), 1791-06-13 00:00:00

From the CONNECTICUT COURANT.
THE PATRIOT.
THE constant cry of the British merchants to the Americans is, you are by nature designed for an agricultural society: You have an abundance of land; an extensive country adapted to the culture of almost every kind of valuable productions: To the multiplying these productions you should bend your whole united efforts, and leave to Europeans the trouble of transporting these products to foreign markets—working up into the various manufactures that part which are designed for such improvements, and returning you such of them as are suited to your markets. But why, I ask, do they constantly ring this peal in our ears? Is it because that manual labor, applied to the production of raw materials, will procure the person who performs it more of the conveniencies of life than the same quantity of labour employed in manufactures? Certainly not; otherways common labourers in the field would get better monthly wages than tradesmen, which every one knows is not the case.—Would it not therefore be quite as wise and economical for the Americans to send their wheat to London to be made into flour, and returned for their consumption, as to sell the British merchant their tobacco, and import from Great-Britain their stuff—and so on their iron, &c. These foreign counsellors, aided by ill informed and interested Americans, urge us to labour in the field altogether, and leave it to the Britons, the Persians, and the Chinese, to cloath us for feeding them. Let us examine this matter and see if this advice be the result of friendship for us, or from an invidious plan, long since laid, of keeping us always dependant on them, and subjected to their domination.
It is true we have, at much expence and hazard, set ourselves free from the dominion of their government—we have set their armies at defiance—but not their artisans. We are not in reality independent whilst we are obliged to look to them for our necessary cloathing, or even superfluous ornaments.
Suppose the whole population of this country, which is so rapidly increasing, were devoted to husbandry—what depredations would be made in our forests! How soon would our fields be cloathed with every kind of grain—and our pastures filled with cattle, feeding on a thousand hills! This would be charming—no fear of a famine—every one would have food for asking for it—but what price would our provisions bring, and what is to be done with the surplus of them? Why say these wise men from the East, (and their humble retainers of this country) let the Europeans come and fetch them away, or starve.—This is very good—and pray what are we to do if their crops should not happen to fail them—or when their kings should be tired of war, and consent that their subjects be permitted to cultivate their own fields in safety; will these foreigners, out of mere charity, come and take your superfluous crops off your hands? Will they give you a generous price for your wheat, &c.? I presume not. Pray let me ask these politicians, these friends from the other side the water, who are so alarmed lest we injure ourselves, by engaging improvidently in manufactures, why grain is dearer in England than in America.—Our lands do not produce so many bushels on the acre as theirs—we gave higher for labour, and yet we undersell them so much in market, that their farmers would be ruined if a free importation from this country was admitted. I shall probably be told that rents in that country are higher, and that causes the difference; but I demand, why are rents higher there than here? Why because the products of land will sell so much higher there than here? Is it for exportation? No such thing—it is because of the multitude of their mechanics and artisans, who create a constant demand for home consumption.
A home market is always the best, abating extraordinary demands that may arise from the accidental failure of crops in a foreign country; or the ruinous depredations of an enemy. The average price of wheat in England, I suppose may be stated at 6s. to 6s. 6d. sterling the bushel. When it ariseth to 7s. the bushel, their ports are opened for importation, least the dearness of bread should injure their manufactures; but when it falls to the usual standard, their importations are prohibited, lest the farming interest should suffer.
The average price of wheat in America, taken at the farmer's houses, may be rated at 3 3/4 to 5 6 of a dollar; tho' at the ports of exportation it may average one dollar. But if our country was as full of manufacturers as Great-Britain, our grain would be principally wanted for home consumption, and the price would be raised to 5s. 3d. or even 6s. sterling the bushel. The farmer would then save not only the transportation to the seaport town; but the subsequent storage, shipping coastwise, freight, insurance, &c. to Europe; and the price and rent of lands
would rise in proportion. But this is not the whole advantage—if we can make our own clothing, it will soon reduce the price materially, and enable them to make a saving in their purchases as well as on the sales of their crops, so that the farming interest is most intimately concerned in the success of our manufactures. Whenever wool becomes as plenty in this country as it is in England, the price of woollen goods made here will be as low as those of the same quality are in that country; and the expence of purchasing, package, storage, shipping charges, freight and insurance will be a clear saving to this country. This cannot be rated at less than 20 per cent. on all our importation.—Think of these things my countrymen, and let your Patriotism appear by your conduct.
CHARACTER of TIPPOO SAIB.
TIPOO SULTAN is the eldest son of the late celebrated Prince, Hyder Ali; he is about 45 years of age, rather above the common size, elegantly formed, vigorous of mind, and not less remarkable for his personal activity and courage.
His Sire, unable to write, or even read in any language, experienced too much inconvenience for want of education, to suffer the heir of his diadem to labour under similar disadvantages. He was, therefore early initiated in the best rudiments of European knowledge, and particularly in history and military tactics, to which the bent of his genius naturally directed him.
Tippoo has distinguished himself by his fortitude in all vicissitudes, but disgraced his personal prowess by an unexampled perfidy and cruelty towards his enemies. His aversion to the English is one of the most rooted and deadly nature!
Hyder, though not remarkable for any traits of humanity, was never justly charged with wanton cruelty.—When extraordinary punishments were inflicted on his captives, they were evidently directed by some probity.—Not so his barbarian son, in whose breast resides the genius of torture!—And hence those inventive cruelties which he has so systematically inflicted on the brave British soldiery, whom the chance of war had thrown into his savage power.
And yet, like other monsters, Tippoo is not without his susceptibility, which his passion for the fair sex fully evinces. Indeed his gallantries, like his avarices, have always been on the great scale; in proof of which it need only be adduced, that the Seraglio of his present camp exceeds 2000 women, selected for their superiority of personal attractions!
Foreign Advices,
PARIS, February 27.
THE ROYAL FAMILY'S, RESIDENCE DEBATED.
ON FRIDAY the residence of the Royal Family, and other Persons, came under the consideration of the Assembly. The following articles were proposed:
I. That persons receiving a salary from the public, shall not quit their stations unless authorised so to do.
II. The KING, as the first person receiving a salary from the public, shall reside near the National Assembly while in session, and when separated, he may reside in any other part of the Kingdom.
III. The Heir-apparent to the crown, being, from his situation, the first substitute for the King, shall reside near his person. The King's permission shall be sufficient to permit him to travel in France, but he may not quit the Kingdom without being permitted by a decree of the National Assembly, sanctioned by the King.
If the heir-apparent be a minor, the next in succession shall be subject to the law of residence.
While the heir-apparent is a minor, his mother shall be obliged to reside. The Assembly does not mean by this to interfere with the education of the heir-apparent of a King, being a minor.
The other members of the Royal Family are not comprised in the articles of this decree, but are subject to the laws in common with other citizens.
Every person receiving a public salary, who shall disobey the dispositions of this decree, shall be considered as renouncing their situations, and the members of the Royal Family shall be considered as RE- NOUNCING THE SUCCESSION TO THE THRONE.
PORTSMOUTH, February 15.
Tuesday morning, at ten o'clock, the signal was made on board the Hector, of 74 guns, at Spithead, for executing Francis Underwood, a seaman lately belonging to the Formidable, who some time since
received sentence of death, from a court-martial, for disobedience of orders, and violently assaulting and striking a lieutenant, a master's mate, and a boatswain of the said ship; and at twelve o'clock he was launched into eternity, in the view of the seamen of the fleet, who were on this occasion ordered on the yards. A great number of people upon the ramparts, and other elevated places near the shore, were assembled to view this melancholy spectacle, which, we hope, will have a lasting impression on the minds of the seamen, and deter them from behaving in that mutinous and unbecoming manner, for which this poor fellow has suffered. He has, ever since his condemnation, behaved with the piety and resignation of a true penitent, and received the sacrament an hour before his execution—declaring himself at peace with the world he was about to leave, and expressed himself sensible of the enormity of the crime he had committed.
On the day on which the execution took place, an affair of a very serious nature is said to have happened on board the Victory. The seamen of that ship, actuated by the same mutinous spirit that had brought the unhappy criminal that was about to suffer, to an untimely end, had formed the desperate idea of preventing the due execution of the sentence.
The captain and officers were apprized of the mutinous disposition of the men, and on the morning appointed for the execution, those who were supposed to be ringleaders in the mutiny, were got into the barge, into which the captain, attended by an officer or two, went. Another boat, attended with an officer, and, as is customary in the navy upon the infliction of any public punishment, manned and armed. These boats kept rowing round the Hector during the time.
A more serious transaction took place on board the ship. After the yards had been manned, that the men might view the melancholy scene about to take place, and before the unhappy criminal was turned off, two of the men came down the shrouds, swearing that they would not stay aloft to view the punishment, and even affirming, with dreadful imprecations, that it should not take place.
The lieutenant, who commanded, remonstrated with them on their improper conduct; but they, deaf to remonstrance or to reason, began to disclose the mutinous disposition which they felt.—they abused and threatened their officer, who with much spirit, swore that he would make an example of them on the spot, and presented a pistol at one of them, which missed fire. The mutineer now aimed a blow at his officer, who in his own defence, cut him down with his hanger—the other likewise was served in the same manner upon a similar provocation.
Others of the mutineers had now descended, and run below. The commanding officer, with a laudable resolution, followed them, attended by the other officers, with drawn swords; they dived in among the mal contents, who, after eight or ten of them had been cut down, were subdued and properly secured.
LONDON, March 23.
Great commotions are expected throughout France upon the re-election of the National Assembly in May or June next; but the influence of the Aristocracy is so completely destroyed, as to give the friends of the new government very little apprehension.
Liverpool, March 21. Accident has produced a very useful discovery; for, by the late inundations of the sea, it was observed, that as far as the tide extended, it brought all the worms from their holes, and killed them. This experiment has been since tried with the sea water in several gardens, and has answered the desired effect beyond expectation.
A shoemaker's wife in Pimlico dreamed on Tuesday night, that No. 18 would be drawn a prize on Wednesday. She communicated the dream in the morning to her husband, who swore that he dreamed she was banged. The woman sold all the was worth to insure the number, on the confidence of her dream. No. 18 was not drawn; and, what is extremely singular, the husband's dream was realized as his wife hanged herself the same evening!
March 26. This day General Sir Henry Clinton waited on the minister, by appointment, in behalf of the American loyalists, who suffered by their attachment to the mother country in the late war, and have yet received no recompence for their losses, on account of the lateness of their application.
The cry of war is again artfully raised for stock-jobbing purposes though perhaps Great-Britain had never a fairer prospect of peace before her than at the present moment. A respectable squadron of observation is certainly fitting out, and will probably sail for the Baltic in the spring, as a fair to quoque for Kate's armed neutrality, at the close of our American contest; but this instead of enccreasing the flagration, must prove the most effectual means of extinguishing the present war.

L O N D O N, March 22.
The Court of Petersburg fully expects the assistance of Denmark and Sweden, in case an English fleet should make its appearance in the Baltic, and thinks itself strong enough to cope with a Prussian army on the Frontiers of Livonia. It is even said, that the alliance between Russia and Austria is stronger than ever; and that, should Russia be attacked by Prussia, that Court will not remain an idle spectator—Therefore, notwithstanding the peace which appears on the eve of conclusion between Austria and the Porte, the general tranquillity seems still in great danger.
The number of persons confined in Paris for various causes, amount to one thousand eight hundred.
March 26. Every hour increases the probability that this country will speedily be involved in a war, if the Empress of Russia, contrary to what there is any reason to expect at present, does not lend a more attentive ear than she has yet done to the proposals that have been offered by England, Prussia, and Holland, for restoring a general peace to Europe.
The King of Sweden continues his warlike preparations; he has formed several considerable magazines in the provinces on the Baltic, and has given directions for a greater number of tents, and other military furniture, to be immediately got ready.
Sweden will probably remain neutral, until Denmark has declared what part she means to take, in case of a war between Russia and Prussia; and as the Empress certainly will not involve herself in a war with the Court of Berlin, without powerful support, it is yet possible the continental disturbances will be amicably adjusted.
Last week landed from a smuggling-boat in Mount's-Bay, the Bishop of Leon, in France. He had a narrow escape for his life; for his house was surrounded by a mob, but he got off in disguise. As soon as his flight was discovered, he was pursued from stage to stage with the utmost expedition, and he had not got into the boat above a quarter of an hour before they reached the sea-shore; but the owner of the boat, for a handsome reward, failed immediately without a cargo.
March 28. We have authority to assure the public, that no opposition whatever is intended from any quarter against the Roman-Catholic bill, in the equity of which all ranks and orders of men concur, but the delay of its commitment proceeds from a principle of delicacy with respect to the form of the oath to be proposed.
All our dock yards are employed in extra-operations, for the completion of a more extensive fleet.
April 1. Among the rumours of the day, one respecting Spain was most prevalent. It stated, that his Catholic Majesty has expressed his determined resolution to support her Imperial Majesty with a considerable loan, and a powerful fleet, in case she should be attacked by the allied powers. And it is further added, that should the Courts of Great-Britain and Holland attempt to send a fleet into the Black Sea, Spain will oppose their passage.
It is said, that a large fleet of ships of the line will absolutely sail up the Baltic in the course of next month. Should the Empress then continue to refuse listening to the terms proposed, hostilities will immediately commence.
Admiral Peyton's fleet will make a part of our squadron destined to the Mediterranean, and will join the rest off Gibraltar.
April 2. At Copenhagen the vessels now in port are undergoing an examination; but preparations in the Swedish ports are more active, and will certainly enable the King to send out twelve sail of the line in May.
The Catholic King, without immediately increasing his armament, is enabling himself to do so upon the first occasion. He has published an amnesty to all deserters from the army and navy who shall return within a certain time.
The Barbary Powers have sent large quantities of grain to Constantinople, and are so intent upon affording assistance to the Grand Seignor, their liege lord, that their corsairs are withdrawn from the Mediterranean, and the expedition to the Black Sea is the only popular effort.
The Czarina has at this time forty sail of the line in her Baltic ports of Revel and Cronstadt, and Sweden has twenty.
On Thursday night last, about eight o'clock, the Cabinet Ministers met in council at the Duke of Leeds's Office, White-hall, and sat till one o'clock yesterday morning, when his Grace despatched a messenger with letters to the Earl of Eglin, at Vienna.
A messenger sat off with despatches, for Berlin, yesterday morning at five o'clock. He was told, that it depended on a contingency, whether he would be sent by our Ambassador there to Petersburg.
April 3. The answer of the Empress to a memorial presented by our Minister, requiring some explanation of her motives in the preparations for another campaign, is stated to have been in substance, "I, as the Sovereign of an independent State, will answer no inquiries concerning my actions. I am to act as I please. Other States may act as they please."
They write from Petersburg, that General Soltikoff had just returned from reviewing the army on the frontiers of Courland and Poland; and that, according to his report, it consists of sixty battalions of infantry, twelve battalions of grenadiers, eighty squadrons of cavalry, and twelve regiments of light troops. This is the army which, if it should be necessary, is to be opposed to the Prussian forces.
It is said that a Prussian army of 300,000 men are ready to march at a moment's notice, in order to stop the further progress of the Russian army, if such a measure be deemed expedient.
The greatest number of Ships that Russia and Sweden can conjunctively fit out for sea is 46 or 47 ships. The fleet of Lord Hood and Admiral Kingbergen will consist of 41 ships, but greatly superior in every point of view to the former. It is supposed that Riga will be the first object of our attack.
Extract of a letter from Portsmouth, dated April 1. "About three o'clock this afternoon, on a signal made from the Royal-William, a general press took place here. There being a considerable number of colliers and other coasting-vessels in the harbour, near 300 prime seamen were picked up in a few hours, principally North-countrymen. An outward-bound West-Indian, in St. Helen's Road, had all her hands taken out."
"This evening failed his Majesty's ships Ardent and Assistance, for the Downs; and the Flirt and Scout-sloops, and Barracouta cutter, on the impress-service."
On Wednesday morning, at four o'clock, the Russian Minister despatched a courier to Petersburg, with the result of the debate in the two Houses of Parliament. His return may be expected within five weeks, and the contents of his despatches will decide whether we shall have a war with Russia or not.
April 4. It is now become the most prevailing opinion, that our Cabinet has at length unanimously determined to support the King of Prussia in forcing the Empress of Russia to make peace with the Turks. According to the best grounded report, Lord Hood is to be appointed to the command of 29 sail of the line and 10 frigates, which are all ready for sea, except in their complement of men, and to join the Dutch Admiral Kingbergen with 12 sail of the line and frigates in the Texel, and from thence proceed up the Baltic. It is farther said, that another smaller squadron of English and Dutch ships will sail from the Black Sea, to oppose the Russian fleet of 12 sail of the line, now lying at Oczakow, from assisting Prince Potemkin's Army in the taking of Constantinople.
The friends of ministry say, that the Turks must not utterly be destroyed. It concerns the general safety, that one power already so insolent, if not too mighty, should not be permitted to aggrandize herself by the destruction of more; and if, in this struggle for preserving the balance of Europe, the Emperor should chuse to join as an opponent, let him take care that new troubles are not arising from his Belgic subjects; and that he does not meet with a rod in Prussia prepared to scourge him to the quick, for this deviation from his wonted benevolence and humanity.
UNITED STATES.
PORTLAND, (Massachusetts) May 12.
The period is fast approximating when this extensive District will rear its head among the Sister-States—when science shall find this soil congenial to its well being and increase—when thousands of trans-atlantic emigrants shall come among us, and become citizens like unto ourselves; and when the extensive forests of Maine shall contribute, very considerably, to the building a superb Navy; which shall hereafter rule the main. When the United States of America, (of which Maine will necessarily become an important member) shall become the Seat of Empire: And the now declining Sun of Empire in the East, shall illuminate this Western World.
BOSTON, May 18.
On Friday last, Mr. Ezekiel Morrill, who was committed to prison the 25th of February, for passing a counterfeit note of the United States, was examined before the Grand Jury; who not having sufficient evidence of his knowing it to be counterfeit, he was consequently dismissed by the Court.
On Monday evening last, about 45 minutes after 10 o'clock, a considerable shock of an earthquake was felt in this town, by many of the inhabitants. —It was observed that the shock came from the westward.
PROVIDENCE, May 27.
On Monday evening last, between the hours of ten and eleven, two shocks of an earthquake were felt in this town, and the adjacent country—the air was very clear and serene at the time. —The first shock was pretty smart, a few minutes before the other, and attended with a rumbling noise, like distant thunder, seemingly passing from the westward to the eastward.
ELIZABETH-TOWN, (N. Jersey) May 25.
There was a sudden, though not violent, concussion of the earth, the 9th inst. about eleven o'clock at night, felt in this town and its vicinity.—There are no phenomena in nature more calculated to impress the human mind with terror, and consequently to be remembered and taken notice of, than earthquakes; yet the philosophy of them is but lately arrived to any degree of perfection, and even now is very incomplete.
PITTSBURG, May 14.
On Friday or Saturday, the 29th or 30th of April, a party of Indians penetrated the country near to Clarkeburgh, where they took two people prisoners, and considerable plunder of horses and other property.
ty. Three of them made their appearance at a farm-house, and fired on the man at his door, who fell; they ran towards him, and on one of them stooping to scalp him, he was saluted by the man's wife with a stroke from a large hatchet in his back, which went so completely into his body, that at three different efforts she could not disengage it; the Indian made off with it sticking in him: a second Indian also made an attempt, when she, by a well-directed stroke with a stick she had got, laid him on the ground; the third then ran, and the other, as soon as he had recovered his feet, followed his example; on which the woman took her husband in her arms and carried him into the house, and when a magistrate of Ohio county, who gave this relation, left that place, the man was in a fair way of recovery. The Indians were pursued to Kanahwa river and dispersed; the plunder, but not the prisoners, was recovered.
Several murders and depredations were committed by the Indians in various other places.
Extract of a letter from Lieutenant Jeffers, of the Federal Troops, dated Fort Franklin, May 7, 1791.
"The good of the service rendered it necessary for me to go to Lake Erie. I started the 2d inst. with some Indians and 4 white people; when I passed Cassawago, I saw several white people there at work; but on my return I found that settlement entirely deserted. This surprised me much, and I sent a man out to see if he could make any discoveries. He soon returned with one Cornelius Vanhorne, who said he was taken by four Indians about 12 o'clock that day, (the 5th) and that he had left three men at Mead's mill in the morning; that he was put in charge of an old Indian, while the others went in search of the horses, and was taken about ten miles, when the old Indian tied him to a tree, and went off; that he then cut himself loose, and made his way towards the mills."
"We were under arms all night, and at daybreak set off for this place. A short time after we arrived here a certain Christian Lance came in, and gave me the following account, viz. That he being unwell on the morning of the day I had been at Cassawago, he had hired William Greg and Thomas Ray, to plough for him; that they had not been long gone, before he heard two guns go off, and jumping out of his bed went to the door, where he saw an Indian boy, who, by signs, gave him to understand that Greg and Ray were both killed, and for him to make off as quick as possible. This mischief was done by Chippeways."
"Mr. Vanhorne also told me that the Indians, who took him, said there were parties out who would strike near Fort-Pitt, and from that down to Wheeling."
We are informed, from good authority that on Sunday last two men were taken prisoners by a party of Indians, about 6 miles from the Alleghany river, in Westmoreland county, and in a direction opposite to Owen's island, in said river, about 20 miles from this place. There were 3 men in company, but one of them had carelessly fallen in the rear, by which means he escaped; he informs there were 20 Indians in this party.
Tuesday last a guard of 18 militia men, stationed at the ferry house on the Allegany, opposite this place, the centinel, posted at the distance of 130 yards from the house, discovered three Indians laying down a pair of bars, and concealing themselves in the worm of the fence, hastily retreating from his post, alarmed the guard in the house, who advancing in a hurry, one of them was fired on by the Indians, through a fence within nine yards; he had his belt cut by a ball, and two bullets cut his hunting shirt. The guard gave them some shot, but without effect. The Indians had stolen three horses and had tied them in the woods, and retreating to them, made off with the greatest precipitation. Capt. Sample, with a party went to head them but has returned without effecting it.
May 17. By Captain Edward Butler, just from Yellow-Creek, which falls into the Ohio on the west side, some distance below McIntosh, we have the intelligence, that the guard at the blockhouse at that place were attacked by the Indians, precisely about the same time, and on the same morning that the party, of which we in our last gave some account, made their appearance at the ferry house opposite the town of Pittsburg. They had watched (we speak of the affair at Yellow-Creek) the opening of the door to relieve the centinel, and at that instant shot the centinel that was on guard, and who stood at one corner of the blockhouse, that is, wounded him by a shot through the body, but making for the creek, and jumping into a canoe, he was pursued by another Indian, who tomahawked and scalped him. In the mean time the Indians rushed into the house, discharged their pieces on the guard, and wounded one man, who in endeavouring to make his escape up the ladder to the upper floor, was tomahawked by an Indian. One ball just grazed the temple of Capt. Forbes, who commanded the guard, and four others struck the log above his head, the splinters and bits of which cut his face, and left it as if scarified. The guard by this time had got awake, and the Indians made their escape in haste, and unhurt. There were twenty men of the guard and eight Indians. This appeared by the tracks discovered by Captain Butler, who coming to this post the day after, scoured the woods with a party for some distance, in pursuit of them.
It was on the same morning that another party made an attack on a guard of 6 men, at the house of Mr. Kirkpatrick, on Crooked-Creek, 12 miles from the mouth; Crooked-Creek is some miles above the Kiskiminitas, and empties into the Alleghany on the east side. They were about family

worship in the house, and at some time after sunrise, an Indian knocked at the door. Mr. Kirkpatrick went to open it: the Indian was close to the door when opened, that he had to draw back or shorten his piece, before he could get it presented at Mr. Kirkpatrick; while doing which, Kirkpatrick gave him a push, and threw him down the steps of the door, which were of some height. But the Indian recovering himself, and at the same instant Kirkpatrick shutting the door, the Indian discharged his piece through the door, and killed one man, and shattered the leg of a girl of 9 years old. In the mean time the guard fired upon the Indian from the chunking of the house, and killed one and wounded another; on which, retreating instantly, they got off with the wounded man, leaving the dead one behind, together with all their venison and travelling provision, and their blankets and bundles; all this happened in a second or two of time. There were about 15 Indians. One of the guard, a good marksman, who was well situated, had the misfortune to snap his gun three times, while they were making off.
A few mornings ago 6 Indians were discovered about 12 miles below Pittsburg, on the west side of the Ohio; a party went in pursuit of them, but has returned; they saw their tracks, and found two dearikins which they had left behind.
A L B A N Y, May 26.
In this city, within six weeks past, upwards of nine hundred persons have been inoculated for the small pox, and taken it the natural way (nearly one quarter of the whole number of souls!) And pleasing to add, but one person, and that a child, has died with it.
By a gentleman of veracity who resides at the settlement of Apple-Town, between the Seneca and Cayuga Lakes, which place he left yesterday last night, we are informed, that the Six Nations of Indians (the Cayuga excepted, who are reduced to less than a dozen families) are extremely peaceable and quiet, and appear as anxious to maintain the present tranquility as any of the citizens of the United States—that the report of a settlement's being destroyed, is supposed to have originated from the murders which were lately committed at French Creek, on the Alleghany river, by some of the Southern Indians.
Mr. Latta, of Canadasaga, which place he left this day week, and is now in this city, confirms the above information, and farther informs, that on or about the 20th of March last, he was at Buffaloe-Creek, to which place he carried a message to the Indians from Colonel Proctor, of his intention of holding a treaty with them as soon as he could conveniently reach that post; that the Indians were much pleased with this message, and immediately sent word thereof to their friend Colonel Butler, at Niagara, with a request, that he would send them some pork, rum, &c. which they were in want of to treat their American friends, (meaning Colonel Proctor and others) at the intended treaty; that the answer of Colonel Butler evinced a readiness to supply them, and a friendly disposition towards the Americans; that Colonel Pickering is to hold a friendly treaty with the Six Nations, at the Painted-Post, on the Pennsylvania line, on the 15th of June, when, it is expected, there will be a very general attendance of the Indians; and that every appearance favours of a renewal of the former treaties, and a brightening of the covenant-chain between the Indian tribes in that quarter, and the United States of America.
N E W - Y O R K, May 28.
Extract of a letter from England via Halifax, dated at Gravesend, April 2.
The British fleet for the Baltic, is ordered to be augmented to 30 sail of the line, to consist of four divisions, and as many flags; Lord Hood commander in chief, and is to hoist his flag in a few days on board the Victory (at Spithead) of 110 Guns. An English squadron on the Black-Sea, and the combined fleets of Great-Britain and Holland in the Baltic, together with a Prussian army at the gates of Riga, Revel, or Petersburg itself, will very soon compel the Empress to act with moderation. The allied powers with no more than to see her demean herself with moderation and equity. The commotions in the Belgic provinces have not subsided.—Notwithstanding the clemency of the Emperor, and the steady and determined conduct of his troops, Vandernot's party increases daily, and is now distinguished by a livery.
The following is a correct list of the line of battle ships in commission, completely ready for sea in every respect, except their complements of men: Victory 110 guns; Impregnable 98, Princess-Royal 98, Barfleur 98, Brunswick 98, Vengeance 74, Swiftsure 74, Vanguard 74, Alcide 74, Bellerophon 74, Robust 74, Bombay 74, Astute 74, Hannibal 74, Carnatic 74, Arrogant 74, Alfred 74, Monarch 74, Hector 74, Bellona 74, Magnificent 74, Bedford 74, Courageux 74, Colossus 74, Cumberland 74, Culloden 74, Orion 74, Saturn 74, Edgar 74, Marlborough 74, Ardent 64, Lion 64, Jersey 64, all of the line, besides frigates, cutters, fire-ships, &c. The greatest number of ships (it is said) that Russia and Sweden can fit out, is 45 or 47 sail. It is supposed that Riga will be the first object of our attack.
Recent accounts from Curacao, per the sloop Freedom, Captain Snell, mention, that the Dutch West-India company are dissolved, and that the immediate government of the Dutch West-India possessions is assumed into the hands of the States-General of the United Netherlands. The new regulations are to be in force the 1st day of December, 1791.
P H I L A D E L P H I A,
June 2. By a gentleman lately arrived from Cadiz, we are informed, that a large train of artillery were marching from Seville to Madrid, under the colour of being for the King's amusement, but by many it was supposed that it is intended to check the spirit of those who may feel inclined to revolutionizing in that country.
The Spanish Envoy, with his suite, sailed from Cadiz for Philadelphia, on the 5th of April.
Captain M c Namara had made himself so conspicuous in the Isle of France, in favouring the aristocratic faction, that a common soldier of the patriotic party severed his head from his body at one stroke, and his corpse was dragged through the streets.
We hear that the ship Massachusetts, Job Prince, Esq. Commander, has been sold in India for 65000 dollars; this ship was upwards of 800 tons burthen. The ship Hercules, upwards of 600 tons, has also been sold in that country. These vessels were built in Massachusetts—the former composed of American materials altogether.
It is related with horror, in civilized countries, that some savage nations kill their old men, when they are no longer able to support themselves; and others expose their children to starve to death, when they think themselves unable to maintain them; but perhaps the following instance of domestic barbarity will be read with that indifference which attends the repetition even of murders which the law does not punish, and which custom has rendered common.
Extract of a letter from Newport (Rhode-Island) dated the 5th month, 9th, 1791.
“On the 1 th instant arrived here, from an African slave voyage (but last from the Havanna, where the slaves were sold) a bark belonging to this town, commanded by Capt. Wolf, owned by the said Wolf and Caleb Gardiner. One that was on board this vessel during the voyage, informed me, that a few days after they sailed from Africa, symptoms of the small-pox appeared upon a female slave. She was kept in the main top three days, then taken down, brought to the side of the vessel and thrown overboard by the captain himself. It is said that the reason of his drowning her was, lest she should communicate the disorder to those on board who had not had it. B. H.”
L E X I N G T O N, (Kentucky) April 9.
We are informed that a few days past, the Indians made an attack on a boat commanded by Capt. Hubble, near the Scioto; they first attempted to board his boat in canoes filled with Indians, and were repulsed after a severe fire; in a second attempt they placed some white prisoners, so as to receive the fire of Capt. Hubble, if he persisted in defending himself; not intimidated by this manoeuvre, he again repulsed them, and the arms of both parties being discharged, he defended himself with pieces of wood thrown at them, during their attacks—so severe was the fire, that Capt. Hubble had, out of his boat's company which consisted of 9 men, 3 killed, 3 wounded, and received himself a ball through his arm.—Too much praise cannot be given to the parties concerned in this manly and spirited defence; they have rendered an essential service to their country, as well as themselves. A few more instances of this conduct, would check those daring Savages who infest the Ohio, and efface from their minds those impressions which a contrary conduct hath unhappily made, to the injury of many innocent and valuable citizens.
The same day in which Capt. Hubble was attacked, a boat, said to belong to — Greathouse, was taken by the Indians without making any resistance.
Last week the Indians killed a man near Kentucky river, on Benton, and likewise stole several horses.
We learn that the number of posts on our frontiers, for the defence of the district, are considerably augmented.
April 23. On Saturday evening last, a party of 3 Indians stole a number of horses from the forks of Elk horn, in Woodford county; they were pursued and overtaken within about 5 miles of the Ohio, 2 of them were killed, and the horses retaken.
By some men from the Big-Bone-Lick, we are informed, that the Indians have lately killed 7 men in the neighbourhood of the Big Bend of Miami: That on the 14th inst. a large party of Indians were discovered making toward Dunlap's station: That the inhabitants there were notified thereof, who promised to fire cannon if they appeared, in order to alarm the neighbourhood: That in a short time after a very heavy firing of cannon and small arms was heard at Dunlap's station.
B A L T I M O R E, June 7.
Mr. Eli Smot, an amiable young gentleman, late of Dorchester County, on the Eastern Shore of this State, was murdered a few weeks ago, by a negro man, who made his escape; but, we are just informed, the bloody miscreant has been recently apprehended, and securely lodged in Philadelphia gaol.
Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at Danville, Kentucky, to his Friend in this Town, dated the 29th of April last.
“The Indians are very troublesome this Spring. The Success they met with last Fall hath spirited them up very much; however, our Frontier is better guarded this Spring than usual, and some of almost every Party, who have pushed to the settlement, have met with broken Bones, before they could get back. We are now about carrying on an Expedition into their Country, on a different Plan from any before, consisting of Seven Hundred and Twenty Men, Rank and File, properly officered, by Order of the
President of the United States, to be commanded by General Charles Scott. The Men at no Time since I came to this Country have turned out against the Indians in so spirited a Manner; each Man will furnish himself with a good Horse, his own Arms, Accoutrements, and Provisions for thirty Days. I flatter myself we shall be successful, as we may now have it in our Power to fight them in their own Way: —There will be no Encumbrance of Pack-Horses, none will be allowed, each Man will take what is necessary on his own Horse. Returns of the Men, engaged for the Expedition, are to be made to the Board on the 2d of May; about the 10th appears to be the Time for starting, and, as the Success of the Expedition depends much on Despatch, no Time, I expect, will be lost. From the Accounts we get, from the different Counties, the full Quotas of Men are already made up.”
S H E P H E R D ' S - T O W N, June 13.
In storming Ismael, the Russians lost 7000 men; in this number were three Major Generals, one Brigadier, six Colonels, forty Lieutenant-Colonels and Majors, and from 2 to 300 other commissioned officers. The life of one fellow-creature, in the estimation of humanity, is worth more than all the glory and triumph of such a conquest.
Such immense quantities of corn have arrived at Martinique, from the United States, that Captain Campbell, of Wiscasset, Massachusetts, made a speculation of 1500 bushels, at 2s. 6d with which he has arrived at Wiscasset.
We learn that a gentleman from Holland lately arrived, with an intention to purchase all the vacant shares in the Potowmac Company.
The Georgia Gazette, of the 16th Ult. just come to Hand, contains Particulars of the very splendid Reception of the President of the United States at the Capital of that Government, by which it appears that the Citizens have not been less attentive, affectionate, and grateful to the ILLUSTRIOUS TRAVELLER, than their Brethren of the other States.—Numerous elegant and pertinent Addresses were presented to him by various Public Bodies and Societies, expressive of their Sense of his exalted Merit and their high Obligations to him;—to all of which the President, with a peculiar Dignity of Sentiment, and Felicity of Expression, returned most gracious Answers.
Friday last night, Capt. Van Swearingen's company of Levies embarked at Red-Stone, for Fort-Pitt.—A report has been prevalent for several days past, that two days previous to the embarkation of Capt. Swearingen's company, a body of 500 Indians crossed the Ohio, bound for the neighbourhood of Fort-Pitt; that in Capt. Swearingen's passage he fell in with a party of them, and that a skirmish ensued—but it is generally believed these rumors are founded in error.
Friday last died in this town, of the Small Pox, James Murphy, one of the recruits in the choir of levies raised here.
On the 20th ult. the venerable Mr. John Symonds of Salem, in Massachusetts, entered the one hundredth year of his age. He is the only male person who has arrived at that great age, from the first settlement of the town by the English in 1629. to this day.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Kentucky, Bourbon County to another in this town dated May 12, 1791.
“The Indians have killed two men (Mr. Wade and Mr. Reynolds) near Morgan's station, this spring;—they have also killed a considerable number along the Ohio. About the first of April, 300 of us proceeded up that river, ten miles above the Scioto, and expected to find 200 Indians embodied, but on our arrival, discovered they had returned towards their towns:—we followed about 20 miles, but no prospect of overtaking them appearing, we returned to our homes, after burying nineteen persons, all men except three, whose flesh was mostly eat off their bones—we also found three Indians, supposed to have been killed in attempting to board a boat, in which there were seven out of nine men killed and wounded—five of the wounded are since dead.
“I have since followed another small party, who stole some horses, but was too late—Capt. Kenting, from Limestone, discovered where they had crossed the Ohio, way-layed them, and killed five of that party. Two others have been killed near the mouth of Kentucky. The Indians have been generally troublesome this spring, but our frontiers are so extensive that no part is much distressed through fear of them.
“I suppose you have heard we are preparing for another tour to their towns—this party is to consist of 750 horse-men, under command of General Scott, who carry with them 30 days provisions, and meet at the mouth of Licking on the 15th instant.
“We have not yet attempted to form settlements on the Military Lands between Cumberland and Green Rivers—the officers having failed in sending Powers of Attorney—which, together with the continual depredations of the savages, are powerful obstacles—when those obstacles are removed, we shall be ready and willing to make the attempt.”
T O B E S O L D, Two compleat Stills. Inquire of the Printer.

SEAT OF THE MUSES.
From the Freeman's Journal.
The VEIL, or GROSS MISTAKE.
METHOUGHT I saw my lady Grace, Trip thro' the town from place to place; With hat and veil and all so gay, My lady charming led the way; How sweet thought I, how wonderful fair Those charms thy veil concealeth there! 'Tis madam Grace, no doubt thought I, More pleas'd as I approach'd more nigh, And hasting to o'ertake my dame, I instantly perform'd the same; Good morrow, ma'am, I said, and then I bow'd and scrap'd and bow'd again; My charmer, very complaisant, Low curv'sy'd with delightful cant: Thy beauteous veil is fit, I said, To save thy charms from sun and shade, And from the eyes—but, one my guess, She nothing laid nor more nor less; Pray what offends my fair, said I, Thou wilt not speak,—pray tell me why? Three sudden bursts of laughter blew Her veil aside, and ere the drew It right again; I cast my eyes Full on her face—and with surprise Beheld a handsome ivory grim, Surrounded by a jetty stem. Pray close thy veil, thou wench, said I, Then turn'd about and bid good bye. This gross mistake, thought I again, Should not escape the Promter's pen: For—thus mistaking black for white, Proves veiled ladies—"Don't work it right." N. W.
FROM THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
MR. FENNO,
As I have been long absent from America, it happens that an ignorance of many modern improvements, especially in language, subject me to some very odd mistakes.
I lately called, on a visit of friendship, at Mr. MODELEY's; being ushered into the parlour, I found his oldest daughter, Miss Sally, sitting in one of the windows, with a very pensive countenance, hemming a ruffle: With a freedom, which is natural to me, and being an old acquaintance, I enquired how all the family did. We are all well, said Miss Sally, except my dear Mare.—Your Mare! What ails her pray? O Sir, said Sally, she is very sick, you would hardly know her—she is so fallen away—she is a mere skeleton—she is a mere nothing—she has lost her appetite—can eat scarcely anything, and if her complaints do not soon take a more favourable turn, I fear the worst consequences may happen; and what would become of me, if I should lose her—and here the poor girl sobbed and cried sadly. I never was more surprised in my life, than on this occasion; for though it is difficult to account for the strength of many incidental attachments, even to cats, dogs or horses; yet as I supposed from Mr. MODELEY's circumstances, and his affection to his dear girl, that if she should lose the pretty Nag, which it seems he had lately presented her, he would very readily give her another, I was exceedingly puzzled at the excess of her grief—accordingly I attempted to sooth and moderate her affliction, by saying, that such a loss could be easily made up—that ten or a dozen guineas would buy just such another. She started with amazement, and exclaimed, sir, you astonish me! What do you mean? Can all the gold in the universe purchase me so kind, so affectionate a parent? Here I was, in my turn, equally surprised and confounded—Parent, said I—you puzzle me, Miss Sally, beyond expression: was you not just now speaking of your Mare? No sir, said she, of my Mamma: What confusion of terms! replied I.—Pray never lead me into such a mistake again by using what I now suppose is a modern pronunciation; the absurdity of it must be very apparent, when I assure you, Miss Sally, that I answered you in the simplicity of my heart: My young friend felt very forcibly the impropriety of sacrificing utility to fashion—and declared she would never subject herself to a similar apprehension. I have since learnt that Pare is the modern pronunciation for Pa : A very ludicrous scene occurred in consequence of a mistake in the supposed meaning of the word: but the above may suffice for the present.
Yours,
PEREGRINE.
P. S. I was mentioning this incident to a friend—on which he observed, that I did not understand French.
A N E C D O T E
Of the present KING of SWEDEN.
THE following little narrative, which exhibits to the reader of sensibility a lively portrait of
filial affection on the one hand, furnishes on the other, a trait highly expressive of that benevolence which so eminently distinguishes the character of the illustrious Prince, who knew so well how to reward it.
A gentleman of Sweden was condemned to suffer death, as a punishment for certain offences committed by him in the discharge of an important public office, which he had filled for a number of years with an integrity that had never undergone either suspicion or impeachment. His son, a youth of about eighteen years of age, was no sooner apprized of that predicament to which the wretched author of his being was reduced, than he flew to the judge who had pronounced the fatal decree, and throwing himself at his feet, prayed that he might be allowed to suffer in the room of a father, whom he adored, and whose loss he declared it was impossible for him to survive.
The magistrate was thunderstruck at this extraordinary procedure in the son, and could hardly be persuaded that he was sincere in it. Being at length satisfied however, that the young man actually wished for nothing more ardently than to save his father's life, at the expence of his own, he wrote an account of the whole affair to the King; and the consequence was, that his Majesty immediately dispatched back the courier with orders to grant a free pardon to the father, and to confer a title of honor on his incomparable son.
This last mark of royal favour, however, the youth begged leave with all humility to decline; and the motive for his refusal of it was no less noble, than the conduct by which he had deserved it was generous and disinterested.
Of what avail, exclaimed he, could the most exalted title be to me, humbled as my family is in the dust!—Alas! would it not serve as a monument, to perpetuate in the minds of my countrymen the direful remembrance of an unhappy father's shame! His Majesty actually shed tears when this magnanimous speech was reported to him; and, sending for the heroic youth to court, he appointed him directly to the office of his private confidential secretary.
SOME time in MAY, 1790, we bought of HENRY ZIMMER a quantity of Pine Boards, amounting to 51. 6s. 3d. for which we gave our receipt and acknowledgment of debt. Since that JACOB BISHOP has proven part of said Boards to be his property; therefore we forwarn all persons from taking an assignment on said acknowledgment, as we are determined not to pay it, until a settlement with him be made.
GEORGE NORTH & Co.
MAY 13, 1791.
ALL Persons whom it may concern are hereby cautioned against purchasing from a certain CHARLES FRIEND, of West Augusta County , a certain tract or parcel of Land, lying in Berkeley County , consisting of 120 acres, part of which is in the possession of MARY FRIEND, which land was sold by said FRIEND to a certain PETER FLICK, of said Augusta County , as will appear by a bond of conveyance granted by said FRIEND to said FLICK, bearing date 11th May, 1776, and assigned by said FLICK to the Subscriber hereof, 23d August, 1784, and assigned by said Subscriber to Col. HENRY LEE, 28th November, 1788, as will appear more fully by said assignments in my hands.
F. HAMILTON, (Agent for Col. HENRY LEE.)
29th May, 1791.
NOTICE is hereby given,
THAT Michael Montgomery and the Subscriber, gave a Bond to Mary Boyers, of Frederick County, Maryland, for the sum of Seventy Pounds, Pennsylvania Currency, wherein Dr. ADAM FISHER was security. I therefore forwarn any person or persons from taking an assignment on said Bond, as the sum has been paid in full, and the Bond has not been delivered.
CHRISTIAN ORENDORFF.
Shepherd's-Town, May 30, 1791.
By a Decree from the Court of Berkeley County, to me directed, There is to be SOLD, on the Premises in CHARLES-TOWN,
On THURSDAY, the 30th day of June, instant,
Half a lot of ground,
Situate on the South side of Liberty street, adjoining Philip Welch; half of said Lot, and Lot No. 14, containing 82 1/2 feet front on Liberty-street aforesaid, and extending 132 feet, being the whole length or breadth of said Lot. The above ground is the property of John Soder and Christian Dedrick, and to be sold to satisfy James Hammond and Isaac Logan.
ROBERT THROCKMORTON, S. B. C.
May 24, 1791.
PAY your Taxes.
THIS notifies all Persons who are indebted to me for Taxes for the years 1789 and 1790, that I shall attend at JUNE COURT in MARTINSBURG, to receive the several arrearages.—Those who do not comply with this Notice, may be assured that no longer indulgence will be given.
The first week in JULY, attendance will be given on this business at Light's Mill.
SAMUEL DEVENPORT, Deputy Sheriff.
Berkeley County, May 26, 1791.
Stop Run-away!
RAN AWAY from the Subscriber, the 3d day of March last, an indentured apprentice named James M c Mahon, by trade a blacksmith, 19 years old, a good complexion, with a considerable red face, pitted with the small pox on his chin, has a blemish in his left eye, and is about 5 feet 8 inches high—Whoever apprehends the above run-away, and returns him to me, or secures him in some jail so that I get him again, shall receive THREE DOLLARS reward, and if out of the State FIVE DOLLARS, and necessary charges. All persons are cautioned against harbouring or employing the said run-away, as they would avoid the penalty of the law.
JOHN SMITH.
Berkeley County, May 18, 1791.
NOTICE!
BERKELEY COUNTY, VIRGINIA, to wit.
Adam Leveston, of the said County, sends greeting.
WHEREAS my Wife, MARY LEVESTON, is continually wandering about the country from house to house, neglecting to do the duty of a wife towards the support of herself and family—who has lately clandestinely conveyed away all her cloaths—and who declares she will not live with me, although no just cause administered on my part for it:
Therefore, these presents are to desire, request, and forewarn all and every person or persons whatsoever not to deal or contract, bargain or trust, the said MARY LEVESTON, with any expectation on me to be any ways liable or answerable for the same, for the reasons afore-mentioned.
Given under my hand, this 22d day of May, 1791.
ADAM LEVESTON.
SPRING GOODS.
TO BE SOLD,
At the Subscriber's STORE, formerly occupied by Mr. JOHN MARK,
A fresh and general Assortment of
MERCHANDIZE,
Suitable for the Season,
Which will be sold as cheap as any in this Town, or its Vicinity, for
Cash, Country Produce, or Public Securities.
ROGER COLTART.
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, MAY 4, 1791.
BLANK DEEDS, COMMON BONDS &c. for sale at this office.
*** Cash given for clean Linen or Cotton Rags, at this Office.
††† All Persons indebted to the Printer hereof, for Subscription, Advertisements, &c. are requested to make payment. Attendance will be given at Martinsburg, during the sitting of the ensuing Court, to negotiate the above business.
††† This Paper will in future be published on Mondays.