Norfolk gazette and publick ledger (Norfolk [Va.]), 1805-08-26 00:00:00

NORFOLK GAZETTE AND PUBLICK LEDGER.
VOL. II.]
MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 26, 1805.
[NO. 18.]
THIS PAPER IS PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A WEEK; PRICE TO SUBSCRIBERS FIVE DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE—SINGLE PAPER TWELVE AND ONE HALF CENTS—ADVERTISEMENTS ARE INSERTED AT THE RATE OF FIFTY CENTS FOR THE FIRST, AND TWENTY FIVE CENTS PER SQUARE FOR EACH SUCCEEDING INSERTION
FOR SALE, THE REMAINDER OF THE CARGO OF THE BRIG NANCY, From the Cape of Good Hope, consisting of the following articles, VIZ:— 100 Casks CAPE WINE. 13 do. CONSTANTIA do. 1 do. STEEN do. 5 do. MUSCAT do. 10 do. TAMARINDS. 4 do. BRANDY. 44 do. ALOES.
A liberal credit will be given, and if the whole is taken, the above articles will be sold a bargain—Any person inclined to purchase, may rely that the articles on hand, were not the refuse of the Cargo, which was sold by shewing one cask of each quality, and were delivered as they came to hand.
John Granbery.
August 23. tf 92 WANTED IMMEDIATELY, Rough White Oak Hhd. and Bbl. STAVES, AND A FEW TONS SASSAFRAS ROOT.
Apply to Moses Myers.
August 23. 3w 91
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS RECEIVED BY THE BRIG BETSY, FROM HAVANNA, 120 Tons Campêche LOG WOOD, of the 1st quality. 70 Logs of MAHOGANY. 100 Boxes White and Brown SUGAR. 36 Hogsheads MOLASSES.
ALSO—2d HAND, 66 Pipes, } TENERIFFE WINE. 40 Hogsheads, } 25 Quarter Casks, } 5 Pipes VINEGAR. 40 Barrels WALNUTS. 3 Hlds. } PENINGTON'S LOAF SUGAR. 60 Bbls. } 12 Hogsheads St. Martin's SUGAR.
A few Logs St. Domingo MAHOGANY. The whole of which will be sold on very moderate terms, for approved paper.
Edward Roberts.
August 21. tf 87
WANTED, ROUGH WHITE OAK HOGSHEAD STAVES, of the best quality, for which cash will be given. Robert Maitland & Co.
August 19. 3w 83
FOR SALE, On board the Ship John Fox, lying at Maxwell's Wharf, 250 Barrels HERRINGS. 50 do. ROSIN. 20 do. TURPENTINE. 23 do. TAR. 16 do. VARNISH.
August 19. 3w 84
I intend to leave this State for some time.
John Davidson.
August 19. tf 80
FOR SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBER, AT HIS LUMBER YARD ON CALVERT'S WHARF, 700,000 SALE SHINGLES. 50,000 BUILDING do. 50,000 STAVES—White and Red Oak. 10,000 CYPRESS PALES. 5,000 CEDAR and CHINQUEPIN POSTS. Also—shall keep a supply of PLANK and SCANTLING.
Thomas H. Parker.
August 19. tf 77
NOW LANDING, 90 Bags Prime Green COFFEE. For sale by Moses Myers.
July 22. tf 14
TO RENT, And possession given the first of September, A LARGE and commodious three story Brick House, in Church-Street, at present occupied by Mr. Menop, the first floor is completely fitted for a Store and Counting Room, and the upper part well calculated for the residence of a genteel family, with two kitchens, all other necessary out houses, and a paved yard. For terms apply to William Plume & Co.
August 19. tf 86
LOST—YESTERDAY MORNING, Between the United States Bank, and the Lower Bridge, A GOLD CHAIN AND SMALL RED SEAL, with the impression of a HOUND—A Mulatto Boy was seen to pick it up.—A liberal reward will be given to any person who will leave it at the Ledger Office. If offered for sale, it is hoped it will be stopped and information given.
August 9. tf 58
FOR SALE, ON BOARD THE SHIP FRANKLIN, 120 Firkins Choice Boston BUTTER, Fit for Family use.—Apply to Moses Myers.
August 7. tf 49
LANDING AT COMMERCE-STREET WHARF, FROM BRIG MILTON, 27 Puncheons High Proof Jamaica RUM. 7 do. MOLASSES. AND FROM SCHOONER BRILLIANT, A few Puncheons choice Windward Island RUM. For sale by Redmon & Frith.
August 7. tf 52
THE SUBSCRIBER Offer for Sale, at their Warehouse on Commerce Street Wharf, 86 Barrels Prime, } PORK. 14 do. Cargo, } Received per Schooner Weymouth, Capt. Weymouth, from New-York. Phineas Dana & Co.
August 5. tf 43
THE SUBSCRIBER Having opened Tavern in the EXCHANGE COFFEE House, will be glad to take in TEN OR TWELVE GEN'LE BOARDERS by the year. Peter Kemp.
May 6. tf 634
The following address to the American Army, was written after the preliminary, and before the definitive articles of peace, were signed. The agitation which was excited in the army can well be supposed, when it is known that the Commander in Chief was obliged to notice officially this anonymous address, and all his influence was required to resist the tumult which it occasioned. The author was for some time concealed, and whether accident produced a discovery, or vanity, (for certainly the composition might inspire vanity,) induced the author to avow himself we know not, but it is now generally believed, indeed it has not been doubted, that GENERAL ARMSTRONG, our minister to France, is the Author, he was at that time a Lieutenant in the army.
A fellow soldier whose interest and affection bind him strongly to you, whose past sufferings have been as great, and whose future fortune may be as desperate as yours, would beg leave to address you. Age has its claims, and rank is not without its pretensions to advice. But tho' unsupported by both, he flatters himself that the plain language of sincerity and experience will neither be unheard nor unregarded. Like many of you he lived a private life and left it with regret; he left it determined to retire from the field with the necessity that called him into it, and not till then; not till the enemies of his country, the slaves of power, and the hirelings of injustice were compelled to abandon their schemes and acknowledge America as terrible in arms, as she has been humble in remonstrances. With this object in view, he has long shared in your toils and mingled in your dangers. He has felt the cold hand of poverty without a murmur, and has seen the insolence of wealth without a sigh. But too much under the direction of his wishes, and sometimes weak enough to mistake desire for opinion, he has till lately, very lately, believed in the justice of his country; He hoped that as the cloud of adversity scattered, and as the sunshine of peace and better fortune broke in upon us, the coldness and severity of government would relax, and that more than justice, that gratitude would blaze forth upon those hands which had upheld her in the darkest stages of her passage from impending servitude to acknowledged independence. But faith has its limits as well as temper, and there are points beyond which neither can be stretched without sinking into cowardice, plunging into credulity. This, my friends, I conceive to be your situation. Hurred to the very verge of both, another step would ruin you forever. To be tame and unprovoked when injuries press hard upon you, is more than weakness; but to look up to kinder usage without one manly effort of your own, would fix your own character, and shew the world how richly you deserve the chains you broke. To guard against this evil, let us take a view of the ground upon which we now stand, and from thence carry our thoughts forward a moment into the unexplored field of expedient.
After a pursuit of seven long years, the object for which we set out, is at length brought within our reach. You, my friends, that suffering courage of yours, was active once; it has conducted the United States of America through a dreadful and bloody war; it has placed her in the chair of independence, and peace returns again to bless whom? A country willing to redress your wrongs, cherish your worth, and reward your services? A country courting your return to private life, with tears of gratitude and smiles of admiration, longing to divide with you that independence which your gallantry has given, and those riches which your wounds have preserved? Is this the case? or is it rather a country which tramples upon your rights, disdains your cries, and insults your distresses? Have you not more than once suggested your wishes, and made known your wants to congress? wants and wishes which policy and justice should have anticipated rather than avoided—And have you not late, in the meek language of intreating memorial, begged from their justice, what you could no longer expect from their favour, how have you been answered? Let the letter which you are called to consider to-morrow, make the reply. Is this then your treatment, while the swords you wear are necessary for the defence of America? What have you to expect from peace, when your voice shall sink, and your strength dissipate by division—when those very swords the instruments of your glory, shall be taken from your sides, and no remaining marks of military distinction left but your wants, infirmities and scars? Can you then consent to be the only sufferers by this revolution, and returning from the field, grow old in poverty, wretchedness and contempt? Can you consent to wade through the vile mire of dependency, and owe the miserable remains of that life to charity which has hitherto been spent in honour? If you can, go on, and carry with you the jests of Tories and the scorn of whigs.—Go starve, and be forgotten. But if your spirit should recoil at this—if you have sense enough to discover, and spirit enough to oppose tyranny, under whatever garb assumed, whether it be the plain coat of republicanism, or the splendid robe of royalty—If you have yet learned to discriminate between man and principle, awaken, attend to your situation and redress yourselves.—If the present moment be lost, every future effort is vain; your threats will then be as empty as your intreaties. Now I would advise you, therefore, to come to some final opinion, of what you will bear, and what you will suffer. If your determination be in any proportion to your wrongs, carry your appeal from the justice to the fears of government—Change the milk and water style of your late memorial—assume a bolder tone, decent and lively, spirited and determined, and suspect the man who would advise to more moderation, towards longer forbearance. Let two or three men who can feel as well as write, be appointed to draw up your last remonstrance, for I would no longer give it the soothing, soft and unsuccessful epithet of memorial.—Let it represent in language that will neither dishonour you by its rudeness, nor betray you by its fears, what has been promised by Congress, and what has been performed—how long and how patiently you have suffered—how little you have asked, and how much of that little has been denied—tell them that you are the first and would wish to be the last, that would encounter danger—that despair itself would never drive you into dishonour, yet it will drive you from the field—A wound often irritated and never healed, will at length become incurable, and that the slightest mark of indignity from Congress now must operate as the grave, and part you forever—that in any political event the army has its alternative—if peace, nothing shall separate you from your arms but death; if war, courting the auspices and inviting the directions of your illustrious leader, you will retire into some uncultivated country, smile in your turn, and mock when their fear cometh: But let it represent
also, that they should comply with the request of your late memorial, it will make you more happy and them more respectable—that should the war continue, you will follow their standard into the field, and that when the war comes to an end, you will withdraw into the shades of private life, and give to the world another object of wonder and applause, an army victorious over its enemies, and victorious over itself.
A meeting of the Generals and Field Officers is requested to attend at the new Building, at 10 o'clock, on Tuesday, 11th March, 1783. An officer from each company is also expected, and one, or more representatives from the medical and other staff. The object of this meeting is to consider the late report from our commissioners at Philadelphia, and what further measures shall be taken to obtain that redress which they seem to have solicited in vain.
PENNSYLVANIA POLITICKS.
The following extract of an address, will give our readers some idea of the state of political parties in that state.
ADDRESS
Of the Society of Constitutional Republicans, to the Friends of the Constitution and M'Kean, in the city and county of Philadelphia.
FELLOW-CITIZENS,
Engaged in a common and deeply interesting struggle, harmony should give energy to our measures. In principle we are agreed; and we trust we have a cause, which our own consciences and the approbation of all good men will justify. To preserve the constitution from the mysterious attacks of strange and obtrusive hands, and to perpetuate its blessings; to rescue the character of Thomas M'Kean, its venerable champion, from unmerited imputation; to shew, by continuing him on the high ground of publick confidence, that we justly appreciate, and entirely approve his firm, disinterested, and patriotick exertions in defence of our best and dearest possessions; to convince the world that our republican institutions, and respect of the people, are not to be blown away by the breath of every factious and restless malcontent; and to save the state from the impending horrors of convulsion and tumult; these are our views, and, we solemnly declare, are our only views.
On subjects of such high importance, which concern every citizen, every citizen has a right to be heard.—We have never assumed to ourselves the absurd, but specious and imposing title of "Friends of the People," for we are a part of the people. We have not arrogated to ourselves the right, as their friends, to dictate to the people what conduct they should pursue; for we hold it to be their unquestionable privilege, under our present constitution to judge and to act for themselves.—We have not attempted, by denunciation, proscription, and terror, to force the publick opinion to an accordance with our views, or to stifle the voice of discussion. But, conscious of the purity of our motives, we have fully, honestly, and temperately, displayed to our brethren in Pennsylvania the ground upon which we stand, and invited all who agree with us in principle, with us to take their stand upon the same ground.
The approach of the day of election calls upon us to designate persons to fill the elective offices for the city and county of Philadelphia. The existence of our government, perhaps, depends upon the selection of proper candidates. The times emphatically require, that these posts should be filled by honest and considerate men, attached to the constitution and to the peace and order of society; by men, who, when they have sworn to support the constitution, will do their duty under the constitution, and within the limits which it prescribes, without violating their oaths, exceeding their legitimate authority, or usurping the rights which the people have reserved to themselves, by men, who, instead of abusing their legislative character by intrigues to make one of themselves governor, and wasting their time in perpetual solicitations for offices for themselves and their friends, will faithfully endeavour to remove those grievances which their predecessors have suffered to accumulate. For such men, fellow-citizens, we confidently expect your support on the day of election; and with such men in the legislative department, we can confidently anticipate the triumph of our present constitution in a display of its capacity, without any alteration whatever, completely to secure our liberty and happiness."
FROM THE WASHINGTON FEDERALIST.
As a proof of the position laid down by Dr. Goldsmith, in his Animated Nature, "that the human mind, as well as body, progresses more rapidly towards maturity, as we proceed to the south, until getting within the tropicks."—The following extract is made from a letter, written by a boy of fifteen; having had barely a common English education, and living in Augusta, Georgia, to a friend on the Potomack.
"With regard to your opinions of my learning latin, they are in a measure, correct and just.—Virtue has, I confess, poured into my youthful bosom the spirit of ambition—but fortune has buried my humble name beneath the wave of obscurity. But say, O you! who profess to be the counsel of my youth—Is that any reason why I should ever remain so? No—Let me spring from the nether depth by my own exertion; let me soar upon the wing of hope, rendered steady and stable by prudence and precaution—and who knows but I may one day reach the olympian height of glory—and the name of—at no very distant day, become dear to Columbia and Columbians!!! Forgive this strain of rhapsody—it is the wish of my heart, and my pen is always guided by its impulses—Ambition! thou grand producer of good and evil, as nature has implanted you in my breast, I will not oppose you by pretended philosophy—but cherish you by encouragement, while I check your violence by virtue—Never will I establish my fame upon the ruins of that of others—Never will I rise upon the fall of another!—The history of nations is spotted with human blood—Nay, every page exhibits the crimson hue of homicide. The pathway to the temple of glory, in every age, appears to have been crossed by the stream of murder, and obstructed by the wounds of misery—and those who wished to go there, were it seems obliged to wade through or step over them. Thus for a moment makes me pause—and to think it better to die in obscurity than to climb the eminence of infamy, merely to be seen. But my doubts are soon dissipated. They cease when I raise mine eyes to the noble form of Washington!—August, venerable hero! where shall we see such a man? Not in Greece, not in Rome, nor in Carthage—or in short we shall see such a man no where. Rome, boasts of the virtues of a Numa. Sparta, of the virtuous wisdom of Ly-
curgus. And England of that of her beloved Alfred. But who but Columbia can boast of the patriotick bravery! the surprising virtue! the publick and private probity of a Washington? Yes, my country, you are the mother of the greatest man that ever decked the earth.
"I will endeavour to follow his bravery, while I emulate his other patriotick virtues. I will joy to be the disciple of a Washington! remembering that virtue is the only true, sure, and firm basis of fame. Cesar is held up both for our admiration and our scorn.—So is Hannibal of Carthage, Themistocles of Athens, William of England, and Bonaparte of France. But WASHINGTON must be held up for our admiration and veneration alone."
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
The legislative council of New-Orleans have passed an act for instituting an UNIVERSITY within that territory, which commences with a preamble containing the following just and republican sentiments:
"Whereas the independence, happiness and grandeur of every republick depend, under the influence of divine providence, upon the wisdom, virtue, talents and energy of its citizens and rulers.
"And whereas science, literature and the liberal arts contribute in an eminent degree, to improve those qualities and acquirements.
"And whereas learning hath ever been found the best advocate of genuine liberty, the best supporter of rational religion, and the source of the only solid and imperishable glory which nations can acquire.
"And for as much as literature and philosophy furnish the most useful and pleasing occupations; improving and varying the enjoyments of prosperity; affording relief under the pressure of misfortune, and hope and consolation in the hour of death.
"And considering that in a commonwealth, whose humblest citizen may be elected to the highest publick office, the knowledge which is requisite for a magistrate should be widely diffused."
"The University is to be superintended by the governor, the judge of the superior court, the judge of the court of the United States for the district of Orleans, the Mayor and Recorder of the city of New-Orleans, the president of the legislative council, and seventeen citizens.
The regents of the University are directed, as speedily as may be, to establish a college within the limits of the city of New-Orleans, with a president and four professors, one professor for Latin and Greek languages, logic and ancient history; one for the English, French and Spanish languages, rethorick and modern history; one for mathematics and natural philosophy; and one for moral philosophy and the law of nature and nations.
The regents are further directed, as speedily as may be, to establish within each county of the territory, one or more academies for the instruction of youth in the French and English languages, reading, writing, grammar, arithmetic and geography.
The regents are also directed to establish such number of academies in the territory, as they may judge fit, for the instruction of the youth of the female sex in the English and French languages, and in such branches of polite literature, and such liberal arts and accomplishments as may be suitable to the age and sex of pupils.
After the establishment of the above college and academies, the regents are instructed to establish a publick library in each county.
For the establishment and support of these institutions the annual sum of fifty thousand dollars is appropriated, to be raised by lottery.
Such are the plans which have occupied the deliberations of the first legislative council of Orleans; such are the fruits promised by their union with the United States and their enjoyment of a free government. Had the people remained under the dominion of Spain, centuries might have passed before a plan had been dreamt of, and had even the plan been formed, the execution would have been marred by bigotry and civil tyranny. We know not to whom the chief merit of this plan is to be attributed; but from a knowledge of the correct and zealous sentiments of the governor on the subject of education, we are led to ascribe it to him. Whoever it may be, who has had this leading agency, is eminently entitled to the thanks of Orleans, nay to those of all America.
REMOVAL.
JAMES TUCKER,
Has removed to No. 1, HOLT'S LANE, near MAIN-STREET, WHERE HE OFFERS FOR SALE, ON REASONABLE TERMS,
HIS STOCK IN TRADE,
CONSISTING OF A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF HARDWARE, NAILS, &c.
May 8. tf 659
MARTIN FISK,
Has this day landed from the Ship Glory, from Liverpool, AN ELEGANT ASSORTMENT OF
CUT GLASS,
For family use—such as Decanters, Wine Glasses, & Tumblers.
July 5. tf 793
A SINGLE MAN,
Who writes a fair hand, and understands the French language well, will meet with an eligible situation by applying at the Office of the Publick Ledger.
July 26. tf 19
NORFOLK HOTEL.
THE Subscriber informs his friends and the publick, that he has opened an HOTEL in that convenient house formerly the NAVY TAVERN No. 128 Main-Street, where he hopes by his attention, to give satisfaction to those who may favour him with their company.
He will always keep the best liquors: and Private Parties will be furnished with Dinners, Suppers, or Relishes, at the shortest notice.
BOARDERS accommodated by the week, month, or year
Henry Benbridge.
October 9. tf 170
NOW LANDING
From on board the Brig Fame, from Havanna, and Schooner Lydia, from Antigua,
170 Hogsheads MOLASSES.
129 do. RUM.
For sale by William Pennock.
May 27. tf 716
NOW LANDING ON NEWTON'S WHARF, From on board the Brig Brothers, Capt. Dunn, from Jamaica,
124 Hogsheads, } PRIME JAMAICA SUGARS.
11 Barrels, } For sale by William Pennock.
August 2. tf 87

The Adams Frigate, sailed on Friday last upon a cruise, as mentioned in the Ledger of that day. Various have been the conjectures, as to the nature of the orders, which Captain Murray has received from the Navy Department. Some have conjectured, that the same orders are given to Captain Murray, as were given to the Commanders of the Ships of War of the United States, in the year 1799, that is to take all French armed vessels. This is a measure of more rashness, than the present administration can be justly suspected of. Report says, and we give it only as such, that Captain Murray's instructions are to the following effect. He is to cruise within three leagues of the coast, and if he finds any American vessel, that has been employed in lawful commerce, in the possession of the armed vessel of any nation, he is to release her. American vessels, that have been engaged in any illicit commerce, or in the St. Domingo trade, are to meet no protection. That beyond three leagues from the coast, Captain Murray is not to act, nor is he permitted to capture the armed vessels, that have made prizes on our coasts, provided they are regularly commissioned.
If these are the instructions which Captain Murray has received, it will appear to every one conversant in nautical affairs, that the services which he can render, must be very limited. By good fortune he may prevent the capture of one or two vessels, and he may release one or two more, but the circumscribed nature of his orders will not permit him to act with effect, because the moment the cruisers ascertain his limits, they will regulate their conduct accordingly.
We are not prepared to say, that the administration could give such instructions, as would more effectually put an end to the system of plunder and insult that has degraded us as a nation, and distressed us as individuals. It would be a measure of too much responsibility in the Executive to adopt a policy, that might directly lead to war, without the concurrence of the Legislature. The subject may not be deemed of sufficient importance to convene the Legislature, but it is to be feared that before it assembles according to law, that we shall have but little commerce left to protect.
Mr. James Crawford, late mate of the ship Montezuma, capt. Ives, from Africa, bound and belonging to Charleston, to the house of William Maine and Robert Mackey of that city, arrived here last night, and reports as follows. That on the 9th inst. in lat. 32, 12, N. long. 76, 20, the said ship Montezuma, having on board 348 slaves, was captured by the French privateer schooner Regulator, captain Souverain, from St. Jago de Cuba. On the 12th the privateer fell in with the schooner Mary from New York, which she plundered of provisions and stores to the amount of 400 dollars. On the 19th, they fell in with the ship Canton, captain Bartlett, bound to Baltimore, on board of which ship they put Mr. Crawford, and 18 of the crew of the Montezuma. Captain Ives remained on board the privateer; the crew of the Montezuma were plundered and treated with great cruelty, by putting them irons. Robert Ross, of Baltimore, was on board the privateer part owner, and an officer. The crew of the Montezuma were received and treated with great kindness by captain Bartlett of the Canton.
VINDICATION OF MR. JEFFERSON.
The Richmond Enquirer has commenced with the first number of this vindication, which has been so long promised. The Ledger, has never made the private character of Mr. Jefferson, a subject for discussion, but since his friends have thought it proper, to invite discussion, we shall consider ourselves as no longer under the necessity of preserving silence. We shall therefore, whenever we deem it expedient, republish parts of this vindication, with such strictures as may be made by others, or, as we may deem proper to make.
The first number is confined to a defence of Mr. Jefferson, while Governor of this state, this we shall pass over, because we do not consider it as important, to connect the conduct of Mr. Jefferson, as governor of Virginia twenty five years past, with his conduct from the establishment of the present constitution, to his administration, as President of the United States. It ought not however to be forgotten, that some of the persons who were then, the bitter persecutors of Mr. Jefferson, on account of his administration as Governor, and who stood foremost, in arraigning him at the bar of his country, are now his warmest advocates. In reflecting upon this subject, we have always considered that Mr. Jefferson's innocence, must have been, evident to have enabled him, resist the zeal, and talents with which the persons we alluded to, assailed him.
It is to be regretted that Mr. Ritchie, could not have closed this part of the vindication without an illiberal insinuation against Mr. Pickering, and an unmanly insult upon the memory of Gen. Hamilton; Mr. Ritchie perhaps can shew, that the want of talents in Mr. Pickering, and, the want of virtue in General Hamilton, demonstrate the wisdom and firmness of Mr. Jefferson's administration as Governor of Virginia.
VIRGINIA BANK.
It seems agreed on all sides that there is a great depreciation in the value of Stock in that Bank, and it is ascribed to different causes. A writer in the Virginia Gazette ascribes it to the mismanagement of the Directors at Richmond; but it does not appear that he has produced any specific charges which have not been fully and satisfactorily answered by the two writers in the Enquirer, whose essays were republished in the Ledger of Wednesday last.
The writers in the Enquirer have ascribed the present depreciation of the stock to an uncommon pressure in the mercantile world at this juncture; if this was the only cause, all other bank stock would have experienced a depression in the same ratio, but unfortunately for the position, which those writers have assumed, Virginia bank stock is the only bank stock which is below par. We must seek for the cause somewhere else.
Time will prove, that so long as the State maintains the influence which it does, or rather while it governs the institution, that the confidence reposed in it, will not be equal to that which is extended to banks under the control of the stockholders. There is a jealousy attached to monied institutions, which is alarmed at the interference of politics, and this jealousy will be greater, when the spirit of party is higher. Politicians may not like to confess a disagreeable truth, but the experience of a little observation will be sufficient to shew, that with them, the end, too often justifies the means. It is to be expected, that whenever the leading characters of the legislature, have a point to carry, that they will employ all the means which they possess. The bank, therefore, as one of the means will not be overlooked.
Theorists may write their fine essays, until the press groans with their labours, without advancing stock one cent; the persons who are to stamp value on the stock, are men, who are not to be wheedled with theories. They have a much shorter way to come at its value, than through the flowery meanders of a handsome essay.
So long as the institution is under a controul which looks to the political principles of a director, or officer, for the management of its affairs, so long will there be an exclusion of some talents that might be employed to the advantage of the institution—One of the writers which has been alluded to, objects to the exclusion of country gentlemen as directors; by country gentlemen it is supposed, persons who are not merchants, or rather, as they are more generally termed planters, are meant. It is not insisted that country gentlemen are less honest, or less intelligent than merchants, and traders, but I believe if the latter were to be called to manage the plantations of the former, or the former to manage the counting houses of the latter, they would each be much out of his element. The direction of a bank, to be well managed, must be left to persons, whose professions and habits, give the fairest chance of acquiring information upon those subjects in immediate connexion with the operations of a bank.
The advantage of experience is worth an hundred theories, and a single fact is more conclusive than the most ingenious speculations. A great many banks had been established in the United States before the establishment of the bank of Virginia. The government of the United States had a considerable interest in the bank of the United States; in Pennsylvania the state holds a considerable interest in the bank, that bears the name of that state; the United States left the management of the bank to the stockholders; in the state of Pennsylvania the legislature appoints about one fourth of the directors. Lately we have seen in New-York and Pennsylvania new banks established, and another in Maryland. In the laws establishing those banks, in no instance has the system adopted in Virginia been pursued, and all these banks are in repute, and their stocks above par. How this happens it would be pleasing to be informed?
The advocates for state controul, must admit, that if the state continues its controul, it may so happen, that those who have no personal interest in the bank, may nevertheless govern it, or what is nearly the same, they may say, who shall. By the state we can only mean a majority of the legislature, and it may happen that such majority may have no personal interest in the bank. It is hoped, that nothing in these remarks, will be supposed to cast any reflection upon the direction of the branch at this place. It is but justice to say, that the directors have managed this office with impartiality and independence; but this does not assure us that they are more secure in their places, upon that account.
But let me close my remarks. Stock to be valuable, must have publick confidence for its support, and that confidence cannot exist where the concerns of the bank are not left to the stockholders.
OBSERVATOR.
A letter from Tangier, dated 22d June, mentions that the gun boat captured by two Spanish vessels in the Straights of Gibraltar and sent to Algeciras, was instantly liberated by general Castanos on her arrival at the latter place.—Nat. Int.
The above is truly a very philosophical account of the capture and restoration of a national vessel of war. This, as coming from the official paper, we are to take as an official account. It certainly does no good to get in a passion, but really the publick cannot but feel interested to know the particulars of this high insult upon our flag. It would be some gratification to know what, or if any, punishment, of the Spanish officers, has been demanded.
The governor of this state has issued general orders to the commanders of the Militia to hold themselves in readiness to march at a moment's warning. The same orders, it is believed, have been given by the governors of the other states. What, it has been demanded, is the occasion of these military preparations? One federal paper (the Norfolk Herald) has even pronounced that the present is a "squally" season, while another "the Publick Ledger" has indulged some insinuations against the secrecy which our federal cabinet has hitherto thrown over its measures.
These Editors have supposed that there was some connexion between these general orders and our relations with Spain. The militia, they may suppose, are to be held in readiness to march at a moment's warning against the Spanish possessions. Should such be their conclusion, they are greatly deceived. This call upon the militia is intended to carry into execution, a law of the last congress making provisions for the "more effectual preservation of peace in the ports and harbours of the United States, and in the waters under their jurisdiction."—Before we leave this subject, we would barely ask whether the plan of defence, proposed in the last paper, of Artillery on the land and heavy galleys on the water,
is not a more effectual defence, than the one adopted by the law of congress. That plan, because it is the suggestion of a sage and experienced head, is perhaps entitled to some degree of attention.
Enquirer.
We profess ourselves much indebted to the Enquirer, for the information which is contained in the preceding article, although it was not our intention to pry into state secrets, when we wrote the sportive paragraph which has been honoured with his attention.
The plan of defence which is proposed "as a more effectual defence, than, the one adopted by the law of Congress" is worthy of consideration, and we have prepared some remarks upon it, which we shall offer in our next.
Communication.—Colonel THOMAS CLAIBORNE, late member of congress from the Brunswick district, after having filed a variety of honourable stations, and spent the prime of his life in his country's services, with fidelity and uprightness that has generally met the publick approbation, and having now retired of his own accord to the more domestic walks of life, under the smiles of his country, was on the 15th inst. married to the amiable Mrs. Ann Driver, of Suffolk, where he intends to spend the winter of his life in sweet repose.—Peters. Refub.
POLITICAL ESSAYS
ON THE ESSENTIAL AND DISTINCTIVE QUALITIES OF DEMOCRACIES AND REPUBLICKS, WITH REFERENCE TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
From the Baltimore Republican or Anti-Democrat.
ESSAY VII.
PLUTARCH in his life of Solon, relates that Anacharsis, after being present at an assembly of the Athenians, said "that he was astonished to see in their deliberations, that it was the wise men who spoke and the fools who decided." In these assemblies "sometimes they gave their suffrages by ballot, but oftener by holding up of hands, which is a sign of approbation. The plurality of suffrages once obtained, and the decree read a third time without opposition, the presidents dismiss the assembly, which breaks up with the same noise and tumult as have prevailed during the whole course of the deliberations." (20)
It was thither the orators repaired like so many chiefs of parties, now seconded by military officers, whose protection they had secured, and now attended by factious subalterns, whose fury they could moderate at pleasure. No sooner did they make their appearance in the lists than they commenced the attack by insults (21) which animated the multitude, or by strokes of pleasantries which transported them beyond themselves. Presently the clamours, the applauses, the bursts of laughter, (22) that arose from all sides, stifled, the voice of the senators who presided at the assembly; of the guards stationed on every side to maintain order; (23) nay even of the orator, (24) who frequently saw his decree fall to the ground, by the same paltry artifices that so often overthrew a dramatick piece at the theatre of Bacchus. In the tribunals of justice at Athens things went on no better.
The temptation of gain rendered the people assiduous at the tribunals as well as at the general assembly. Three oboli were distributed to each at every sitting, which trifling recompence formed an annual expenditure for the state of about one hundred and fifty talents, for the number of judges was prodigious, and amounted to about six thousand. (25)
So Gillyes, in his history of ancient Greece.—The usual employment of six thousand Athenians consisted in deciding law suits, the profits of which afforded the principal resource of the poor citizens. Their legal fees amounted to one hundred and fifty talents, the bribes which they received sometimes exceeded that sum, and both united, formed a sixth of the Athenian revenue, even in the most flourishing times."
What was required I have with candour and good faith accomplished. I have observed, our knowledge of democracies is derived from the ancients. To them I have appealed, and from them I have shewn, that a right in the people collectively to enact laws, by a majority of voices, is of the essence of a democracy. I shall now close the discussion with a few observations.
Considering the unchangeable nature and incurable defects of this kind of government, with what attention and energy should every considerate man watch its approaches, and resist its introduction. Is there any severity of comment, that might not with propriety be applied to those persons, who would persuade the people of the United States, that they already live under a democracy; that curse of republicks, that volcano of licentiousness, that gulf of liberty, that prolific mother of faction, injustice, sedition, revolution, and tyranny!
Is the constitution of the United States a democracy? Examine it thoroughly!
The constitution is a compact. Try it by that compact? By it the people have no right to assemble collectively, either in sections, or in districts, or in detachments, for giving their votes to enact or make laws, respecting peace, war, alliances, imposts, commerce, or any of the other great national interests.—They have no right to meet in assemblies for hearing of causes, and punishing criminals. They have vested in a few men, all sovereign power , the number and description of which, they can neither augment, nor, change, nor diminish. They have vested in one man the executive power. They have vested the judiciary power in men whom they do not choose, and who hold their offices during life, or good behaviour. They have likewise vested in a few men, whom they do not choose, the rights of jurors.—They have vested in the state legislatures, the right to appoint senators to congress. They have vested in congress and the state legislatures the right of proposing amendments or alterations in the constitutions; and in the state legislatures or conventions, the right of adopting or rejecting them. They have vested the whole legislative authority of the nation in their state legislatures and in congress . No sovereign power, therefore, remains to be exercised, or can be exercised by the people, successively, collectively or individually.
What are the rights which the people have reserved, or which they may lawfully exercise?
These rights are chiefly of the elective kind . To the people it belongs to elect a definite number of men, of a particular description, members of the house of representatives of congress. To the people it belongs to elect, the whole or a part of the persons who elect senators to congress. To the people, or to the state legislatures, it belongs, to elect the men who elect the President. In the persons thus elected, and not in the people, is vested the sovereign or supreme power; from them, when exercising the legislative or executive functions, it flows in various acts, and by them only can it be exercised. The
(20) Aristoph. Acharn. v. 24. Plat. de Rep. lib. vi. v. 2. (21) Aristoph. in Eccl. Ecc. in Ctesph. (22) Plat. de Rep. lib. vi. Demosth. de F. E. (23) Aristoph. Demosth. (24) Lism. in Acharn. (25) Aristoph. in Vesp.
compact has settled these points. It leaves no sovereign power to be exercised by the people. (26) The powers only not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people." (27)
It must be evident to those who will consider these facts, coolly and impartially, that the constitution of the United States is far removed from a democracy. It refuses to exhibit its great characteristic. It is a republick, which contains, as has been observed, a "due mixture of the principles of different governments, nicely poised and accurately adjusted, partaking only of democracy as the oral partakes in its nature of the circle ."
Thus—in the singleness of the executive , we are to look for the energy, secrecy, and despatch , of Monarchy . In the senate , the wealth, virtue, stability, experience, and wisdom , of Aristocracy .—In the house of representatives , as the immediate choice of the people, the advantages of Democracy . Add to this, that the elective principle pervades all parts of the constitution. It glows in the President, warms in the Senate, and burns in the House of Representatives. O people! is not this enough for the preservation of liberty, and security of property? Will not most destroy both? And yet it would seem, that some men anxiously desire more.
Let us pause, reflect, and hope, that the property, virtue, and good sense of the community, are to frustrate , and the constitution to be saved . If it is to be their opposites , they must we experience de facto or de jure , a restless, factious, turbulent, tempestuous, Democracy , with all its concomitant evils and miseries; and then, too, may the framers of the constitution, who yet survive, like another Solon , live to see their work destroyed, by another Pisistratus .
(26) It is not meant to be insinuated, by this exposition, that the people have in no case a right to change their government. They possess this right, but, as expressed in the constitution of Maryland, it is only, "when the ends of government are perverted, and publick liberty manifestly endangered, and all other means of redress are ineffectual, that the people may and of right ought to reform the old, or establish a new, government." (27) Amendment of the constitution of the United States.
The London Times, of the 24th of June, contains the following remarks on the union of the Ligurian republick with the French empire.
"That which every one expected, who has watched the ambition and policy of Buonaparte, as to what regarded the states of Italy, has come to pass—he has united the Ligurian republick, or Genoa, not with his kingdom of Italy, but with the French empire! How far this union is in the spirit of those principles which he advanced, when he deigned to accept the sovereignty of the kingdom of Italy, the powers of the continent, who are the most interested in the event, are the best enabled to judge. There is, however, one striking difference in these two unions, a difference, certainly more in name than effect, which certainly cannot escape the most superficial observer. The kingdom of Italy, by its fundamental constitution, cannot, after the demise of Buonaparte, fall under the sovereignty of the same person who wears the crown of France; The Ligurian republick is absolutely incorporated with, and become part and parcel of the French empire. What the policy or caprice might have been, which has given rise to those different tenures, it is not worth while to inquire; nor are the conditions which he has been pleased to impose upon himself, likely to allay the jealousy of Austria or Naples. From the moment that he became President of the Italian republick, his gigantic views to the ultimate sovereignty of the whole of Italy, were clearly revealed; but we did not expect that he would have proceeded so rapidly to the accomplishment of his purpose. There is in the circumstances of this union, as well as in all its preliminaries and details, a character peculiarly hostile to this country, and insulting, in no small degree, to the court of Vienna. The Note of the Ligurian senate, presented to the representative of his imperial majesty, seems to have been transmitted more for purposes of offence, than diplomatic communication. The Austrian plenipotentiary is cashiered and dismissed, even before the union is proposed, with as much indifference as the Emperor of the French would one of his military lackies. The refusal of Great Britain to acknowledge the Ligurian republick, is the principal reason assigned for incorporating the latter state with the French empire. How this motive can satisfy Austria, or any power interested in the fate of Italy, or the relative state of Europe, it is impossible to conjecture. Genoa, under the protection of the French flag, is, indeed, to be put out of fear from the states of Barbary and their depredations; but in return, the marine of Genoa, becomes the disposable property of France. A thinner mask was never used to hide the depravity of ambition and injustice, and that most galling part of it, the insults it offers to the prostrate and afflicted."
FROM JAMAICA PAPERS.
HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY.
July 10.
Mr. Taylor, from the committee appointed to prepare a representation to his honour the Lieutenant Governor of the situation in which this country is placed by prohibiting the importation of salted provisions and fish from the United States of North America, reported the same, to which the House agreed, and representation ordered to be engrossed. House resolve to go into committee on the state of the Island to-morrow.
Engrossed representation read and passed as follows:
To his honour lieutenant-general Nugent, lieutenant-governour, &c.
The representation of the assembly of Jamaica:
That, after the publications made to your honour by the house, and by the inhabitants at large, assembled in their respective parishes, nothing but a sense of duty, the most impetuous, and confidence in your honour's wishes to relieve the distresses of the country, could have induced the house again to call your honour's attention to the introduction of a supply of salted provisions from the United States of America.
It is matter of publick notoriety, that the Herring Fishery, on the coast of the united kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, failed for the two last seasons, and that the internal troubles had occasioned a scarcity of Cattle in Ireland. Although the price was exorbitant in most cases, one third of the quantity of fish for which orders were sent from this island could not be procured; in many instances no part of it. A great proportion of this expected importation, intended chiefly for the larger estates, was lost in a fleet wrecked on the coast of Portugal, and little or none was brought to the Island for sale, the only means by which the smaller settlers procure this important article. At the proclamation of the martial law, the country did not contain one tenth part of the salted fish which was usually to be found at the same season of the year, and had the inhabitants with their negroes, been obliged to retire from the sea coast, and concentrate themselves in the interior, the wants and clamours of the latter might have produced consequences most fatal to our safety.
The measures pursued by his majesty's ministers, prohibiting the importation of animal food, would have been a more powerful aid to the enemy than additional armies and squadrons, and, in a similar

emergency, may occasion the loss of this country, in despite of the energy and exertions of the army and inhabitants.
Should no such important crisis occur, the greatest calamity will be brought upon our slaves by the total want of one of the first necessaries of life. About 100,000 barrels of salted fish, and a considerable quantity of beef and pork, are required for their annual consumption. Whilst our situation was such as has been stated, calling for an immediate importation of upwards of 8000 barrels monthly, not one has arrived from Great-Britain or Ireland since the 21st. of May, and from the British Colonies in America only one vessel has entered in the port of Kingston with 105 hds. of salted cod and 124 barrels of other fish.
Salted provisions are the chief corrective of the vegetable diet of the negroes, and a want of them inevitably brings on dysenteries and disorders of that class which, whenever prevalent, never fail to carry off great numbers.
By being deprived of what they know to be absolutely necessary, and have been accustomed to consider their right, discontentments are excited, and there have already been instances of gangs of negroes leaving the plantations to complain to the civil magistrate of the usual allowance being withheld. Unable to comprehend a political necessity so fatal in its consequences, they attribute the deprivation to the avarice and unkindness of their owners, and those habits of respect and affection, of such importance in the government of the slave and to the happiness of his master, are rudely torn asunder by the very men who accuse the inhabitants of not cultivating them with due care and have instructed your honour to institute enquiries whether strict attention has been paid to the law which requires giving the food we are prevented from procuring.
The poorer free inhabitants are no less injured and oppressed by the regulations complained of. Already fresh beef and other animal food have advanced one third in price. To the opulent this may be of little consequence, but the poor man, supporting himself and a family by daily labour, is obliged to abridge a meal which before was not abundant. The cost of fresh beef for the navy and army has augmented in the same proportion. Amongst the millions by which the statesmen of the mother country reckon her expenditure, this may be little regarded, but, in our unfortunate situation, with a revenue unequal to the claims upon it, such an addition to the expence of subsisting the troops is a serious evil. Within a very short period the cost of the rations allowed has been tripled, and cannot be doubted that a perseverance in the measures lately adopted must accelerate the period when this burthen will become insupportable.
It would be easy to enlarge on the evils which we have thought it sufficient to hint at; the proofs of the facts are ready; the consequence cannot be denied and we trust that your honour will apply the remedy before it be too late, by issuing a proclamation, giving permission to carry on the intercourse as conducted previous to the 21st. May last.
In similar situations the country opens her ports to all the world, and invites subsistence on any terms: she has even respected an enemy under the pressure of famine, and permitted food to enter the ports of Spain during the present war.
We only request to be furnished with what she cannot give: Our commerce we submit to her regulation: but, in framing them, we must be permitted to hope that the comfortable subsistence of all the lower orders of the community, and the lives of our slaves, will not be sacrificed on the interested misrepresentations, and for the advantage of selfish individuals, who look only to the profits of their speculations, without regard to their effect on the general interest.
July 11.
The American brig Jacob, with a freight of flour, &c. detained, on her way from St. Thomas's to Maracaibo, by his majesty's ship Franchise, was brought into Port-Royal yesterday.
"We are authorised to state that there are now for Sale, in the City, upwards of 5000 barrels of salted provisions imported from Europe."
Died, on the 4th current, on board his majesty's frigate Franchise, the honourable JOHN MURRAY, Captain of that ship. He was son of the Earl of Dunmore, the last Governor of Virginia, under the Royal Government. Captain Murray was a vigilant and meritorious officer and is much regretted.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
LONDON, June 20. GREAT BRITAIN AND SWEDEN.
The hostility which the King of Sweden has evinced to the conduct of Buonaparte is well known to the world:—And it is apparent he would long since have readily embarked in the war with Great Britain, had he been supported by Russia. Though the event has not been officially announced, several circumstances render it certain, that a treaty has been settled between G. Britain and Sweden, by which the latter agrees to furnish 25,000 troops, for a subsidy to be paid by Great Britain, the amount of which only remained to be settled. Sweden demanded two millions sterling, which Great Britain considered as too much. The Prussian monarch has avowed his determination to prevent the execution of this treaty; as will appear by the following.
PRUSSIAN STATE PAPER.
The Baron de Hardenberg, to the Baron de Brinckman, Chargé d'Affairs of his Swedish Majesty. BERLIN, December 24, 1805.
"When his majesty the King of Sweden, thought proper to send Lieut. Gen. Armfeldt to Berlin, with a letter from his Swedish Majesty to the King, dated Sept. 19, to inquire in what light he considered the political situation of the North of Germany, the king explained himself upon this subject, with the greatest freedom, to the Baron D'Armfeldt, as well in his answer of the 26th of Sept. as by the medium of the undersigned Cabinet Minister of State. The king declared that as his system was to prevent, "possible, the extension of the war to the continent; and as he had invariably prescribed to himself the strictest neutrality for the good of his kingdom and of his neighbours. His majesty would in conformity to that system, employ every means in his power to prevent the tranquillity of the North of Germany being disturbed by any person whatever; that his majesty had given his explanations on this important object, as well to the Emperor of all the Russias as to the Emperor of the French, that his majesty had entered into mutual engagements in consequence thereof, and that he could not admit or suffer any hostile attempt on either side, consequence of any armament of any kind in Swedish Pomerania. This declaration was at the same time communicated to France, and it was with true satisfaction that his majesty on the one hand received the most positive assurances, by Baron Armfeldt and M. Brinckman, his Swedish majesty's charge d'affairs at his court; that his said majesty had not any hostile intention against France, that the measures taken at Stralsund were purely defensive, and would never have any other view than to secure himself from an unjust attack; and on the other hand, his majesty found that his endeavours to preserve the tranquillity of the North were not employed in vain at Paris."
"Nevertheless, the king has just been informed by an official Note delivered by the French minister M. Laforest, that a treaty of Subsidy is at this moment negotiating between England and Sweden, in which the latter power offers to march 25,000 men, and, according to the statement of the expense attendant thereon, demands a subsidy of two millions sterling for the same, and that it is only the amount of the subsidy which is still under discussion. Although the king wishes to persuade himself that those facts deserve no credit, facts which are so greatly at variance with the above mentioned assurances; yet the manner in which they are announced, and the confirmation received, at least in part, by other advices, place the king under the necessity of giving his sentiments thereupon. The undersigned has therefore, received orders to request M. de Brinckman, to ask of his august sovereign, a positive explanation on this subject, in conformity to the mutual confidence which he has deemed necessary to establish between the king and himself."
"The king hopes, his Swedish majesty, far from wishing to extend the evils of war to, and expose to danger the tranquillity and peace of his own dominions, and of the rest of Europe, by an aggression against France, will rather be inclined to co-operate in the preservation of these benefits, and in a reconciliation with that power, all the avenues to which may perhaps not yet be closed.—But in no case can his majesty permit (without forgetting what the interests of his kingdom and that of its neighbours require) that Swedish Pomerania shall become either the focus, or the theatre of war, as he does not conceal from his majesty, that in the event of offensive measures taking place on the part of Sweden against France, he would be obliged, though reluctantly, to take the most decisive measures respecting that province, in order to hinder that event from disturbing the system which he has adopted. His Swedish majesty certainly will not charge this system with partiality, if he will please to consider, that the same principles which oblige the king to hold such language, are those that in general make it his duty not to permit that the tranquillity of the North of Germany be disturbed, and which guarantees Swedish Pomerania itself from every consequence attending any war whatever."
"The undersigned requests M. de Brinckman to accept the assurance of his most perfect regard,"
(Signed) "HARDENBERG." June 23.
The domestic intelligence of the week is chiefly occupied by the debates in parliament.—On Tuesday Mr. Grey moved an inquiry into the state of the nation at the same time a message was delivered from his majesty, the subject of which will be found in our reports. The minister demanded a sum of money, limited to 3,500,000l. for the purpose of negotiating and procuring allies on the continent, should any favourable juncture arise; but he refused to open any of the proceedings of the negotiations, or to declare, otherwise than in very ambiguous terms, the hopes he had formed of engaging a continental co-operation.—Wrapping up himself in an impenetrable mysteriousness, he very pompously insisted on the necessity of confidence and trust, referred to his reputation as a pledge for the purity of his motives and to the circumstances of the case which would not warrant premature disclosure. It was however plainly insinuated, that Russia and Sweden were not the only powers to be subsidized: that something more was expected from those powers at the elbow of France than had hitherto been done; that a confederate war, or a confederate peace, was in the scope of the minister's expectations.
The opposition took very wide, perhaps very tenable ground, in resisting the grant. The publick, they said, had been amused for six months, with the promise of a negotiation with Russia, and upon this ground the minister had obtained the sanctions of parliament to the answer which had been given to the overtures of France; but what must have been the surprise of the country when after so long a time none of these negotiations were disclosed, and the state of the continent appeared as inactive as ever. It must reasonably be concluded that allies were not to be had, or that our negotiators were unskillful, that the continent was averse to war, and that it would be equally useless and dishonourable, from any motive of our own to instigate them to unprovoked hostilities. To engage with Russia alone was only to enhance our difficulties, to include Austria or Prussia, or both, seemed almost impossible.
If Austria should move, what would be the consequence? A French army would be at the gates of her capital with little obstruction than that of a march thither.—What then would become of a continental confederacy—what of the liberties of Europe—what of the prospect of limiting the power of France?—Under such circumstances it was not prodigality but madness, to grant money, unless the whole proceedings of the negotiation were submitted to parliament.—But suppose Austria to move, and have the prospect of a Russian army at her back; is there not every probability that the French, anticipating the hostile mind, would fall upon her before a Russian army could arrive, and perhaps compel her to a treaty, which in comparison with that of Luneville, should be mercy.—For surely, however bound to Russia or England, the force of the contract cannot be expected to weigh against her absolute destruction; she must so far consult her safety as to make a separate peace if pushed to the extreme, which doubtless would be the case, from the uncertain arrival of Russian or English troops, her inability to cope with France, and the active movements of Buonaparte.
It often happens that a doctor lives so far distant that the disease must prove fatal before he can be called in; it is thus with Austria, she must perish before Russia can arrive to assist her; for the movements of France will begin from the moment the negotiation with England is anticipated. If Prussia indeed could be improved into an ally, the first onset of France might be withstood but there was no reason to think that the Continent was thus generally disposed to our cause; our quarrel did not look seemly in their eyes, and they suspected our motives to be contaminated with selfishness. The opposition therefore, recommended that a negotiation should be commenced with France in order to ascertain her terms of treating; if they are unreasonable, let them be produced to the Continent, and, by obtaining their suffrage, as to the honesty and moderation of our intentions, we shall probably acquire their co-operation; then let there be a confederate war; if the proposals of France be reasonable, then let there be a confederate peace. These arguments were very powerfully resisted by Mr. Pitt, and the money was voted by a large majority.
GREAT BRITAIN AND AUSTRIA.
The object of the Ministry is now avowed to be, to establish, if possible, a co-operation with some of
the continental powers, (of which Austria is unquestionably one) and to act upon the principle of joint peace or joint war. No part of the negotiation with Austria, it is true, has transpired; but it is very evident that Mr. Pitt, in a late debate, could allude to no other power. Besides, the late intelligence from Italy, of the incorporation of Genoa, with the French empire, must have had a material effect on the policy of that court. Indeed the language of the Emperor and King (Buonaparte) on the subject has lately undergone a material change. Sometime since he declared, in one of his speeches, that France might count upon the neutrality of Austria:—But in his late inaugural speech, as King of Italy, to his legislature, he seems to hint at the possibility of Italy being the seat of war, which can only arise from the opposition of Austria to his new aggressions.—These are his words:—"I hope that the peace of the Continent will not be troubled; at all events I find myself in a position to fear none of the chances of war:—I shall be in the midst of you the very moment my presence would become necessary for the preservation of my kingdom of Italy."
TRADE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND WEST-INDIES.
HOUSE OF LORDS.
TUESDAY, June 25, 1805.
Lord Holland wished for information whether any orders had been sent to Jamaica for discontinuing the restrictions on the importation of goods from the United States in American bottoms;—or whether the House was to understand, that no orders had been sent to enforce the restrictions on the trade between the United States and the West India Islands?
The duke of Montrose observed, that the state of the law on the subject in question was this:—According to the navigation act, there could be no communication between the United States and the British West India Islands except in British bottoms. But: power was given to the governor of every Island to allow the importation of provisions and other articles in cases of necessity. It having appeared, however, that some irregularities had arisen in the exercise of this power, and that a too general importation had been permitted, directions had been sent out to the Governors not to make too frequent use of the discretion they possessed. There was no ground for supposing they were prohibited from suspending the restriction; they were only required not to give way to too great a facility of importation.
Lord Holland in reply, said, all he had heard convinced him, that the restrictions had been improperly enforced; and he conceived it would be his duty to move for certain papers respecting that trade.
The Marquis of Buckingham said, the Lieut. Governor of Jamaica had understood his hands to be tied up by orders transmitted to him from government.
Lord Hawkesbury and Lord Camden applauded the conduct of the Lieut. Gov. and the conversation terminated.
June 27.
Mr. Whitbread, attended by several members of the house of commons went up to the house of lords yesterday, and delivered the following message at the Bar:—
"The commons of the united kingdom of Great-Britain and Ireland in parliament assembled, have commanded me to impeach Henry Lord Viscount Melville, of high crimes and misdemeanours. And I do here, in their names, and in the names of all the commons of the united kingdom, impeach the said Henry Lord Viscount Melville, of high crimes and misdemeanours. And I am further commanded by the house of commons to acquaint your lordships, that they will in due time exhibit particular articles against him, and make good the same."
Upon his return to the house of commons he informed the house, that pursuant to their orders he had impeached Lord Melville at the bar of the lords. The committee to manage the impeachment was then appointed; it consists of 21 members.
July 3.
A mail has arrived from Lisbon. The letters by this conveyance came down to the 9th ult.
It is stated in letters from Madrid, of the 28th of May, that Mr. Monroe, the American Ambassador, had quitted that city two days before, in consequence of the negotiation between the American and Spanish governments, relating to the confirmation of the cession of Louisiana, having been entirely broken off. This unexpected termination of the treaty pending was supposed, from motives which are not explained, to have been brought about at the instigation of the French government. We believe there is little doubt of the general fact, as the intelligence is confirmed by letters from Lisbon.
All the forms of incorporating Genoa to France have been gone through. The naval and military powers of that country have adopted the French ensign, and all are now at the disposal of the Corsican whose agents are already in the actual command of them.
July 4.
We have received Dutch papers to the 30th ult. A land armed neutrality, as formerly there was a maritime one, is now talked of in the journals published under French influence on the continent. The mention of such a circumstance is no proof that anything has been actually done. It shews, however, what the cabinet of St. Cloud aims at. Any thing in the shape of proposal, negotiation, arrangement, explanation, or by what other name it may be called gives time to Bonaparte to ripen new plans. When ripened, he executes them without consulting either friend or foe. By every negotiation therefore, he is a gainer.
Gazette Marine Memoranda.
ARRIVED.
Schooner Argus, Small, 14 days from Guadaloupe, Sugar, M'Candlish, Anderson, & co.—Left there the ship Emily, Welsh, from this port, to sail in a few days for Antigua.
Sch'r Concord, Rogers, 57 days from Bristol, Salt, & Crates, John Brown.—Left at Bristol, ships Louisa, Wilson, from Gallipoli, for Philadelphia; and Venus, Bunts, for New-York; brigs Cherokee, Harman, from Savannah for Boston; Louisa, Billings, from Cadiz for Baltimore; Two Friends, Mull, from and bond to Savannah.
Spoke July 4, in lat. 50, 40, long. 15, 30, ship United States, from Alexandria bound to Liverpool. July 14, in lat. 42, 53, long. 34, 30, ship Jefferson, Brock, of New Bedford, 15 days out from Milford Haven, bound to New Bedford. Aug. 3, lat. 59, 58, long. 61, 30, ship Birmingham of Baltimore, 12 days out from Savannah bound to Liverpool. Aug. 17, lat. 33, 48, long. 68, 30, the ship Ellenora, of Providence, 9 days from Boston bound to Savannah. Aug. 24, 13 leagues E. S. E. from Cape Henry, the schooner Virginia of Fredericksburg, 22 hours from this port for Antigua.
The ship Moultrie, Callehan, from this port is arrived at Bourdeaux. The brig Ann Elizabeth, Williams, of and from this port, was at Malaga the 26th June. The ship Canton, Bartlett, of Baltimore, taken and sent into Tortola, has been cleared and went up the bay the 23d.
PHILADELPHIA, August 17.
Extract from the log-book of the schooner Beaver, capt. Gilder, from Point Petre, (Guad.) "Just before sailing I received the following information from captain Van Antwerp, of the brig Friends' Adventure.—The day of his arrival (July 29th) at Guadaloupe, off the island of Desada, saw a squadron of ships consisting of 15 sail, seven ships of the line and eight frigates, distance three and a half leagues standing S. W. by S.—It was thought by the inhabitants of Guadaloupe it was the French squadron from Brest, which they had information of by a cutter brig, arrived at Martinique some time before."
"On the 6th of August, in lat. 23, 43, N. long. 66, 13, W. we were boarded by a French privateer brig of 14 guns and 150 men, and treated politely. She had in possession a brig, name unknown, Captain Steward, of Portsmouth, last from Antigua, standing towards Porto-Rico."
CUSTOM-HOUSE-ENTERED.
Ship Jane, Hosten, City Point. Sch'r William, Lecato, Folly Landing. Joseph, Mix, Hudson. Concord, Rogers, Bristol, (Eng.)
CLEARED.
Brig Flora, Benthall, Liverpool. Sch'r Leander, Pearson, Barbados. Bee, Canby, Philadelphia. Sloop Aurora, Bryan, Williamsburg.
A correct list of Arrivals is kept at the Exchange Coffee-House.
SALE AT AUCTION.
TO BE SOLD.
On Wednesday the 28th inst on Wheeler's Wharf, THE CARGO OF THE SHIP ELIZA—CONSISTING OF 60 Puncheons Jamaica RUM.
Sale to commence at 10 o'clock—Terms, 3 and 6 months, notes with approved indorsers—all sums under 150 dollars, cash.
AT THE SAME TIME, WILL BE SOLD,
The said Ship
ELIZA, As she arrived from sea—burthen about 420 Hogheads Tobacco.—Terms, 3, 6, and 9 months—approved notes.
James Taylor, V. M. August 19. 85
FOR BOSTON,
The good Brig
NANCY, THOMAS RHODES, Master:—Will sail in four days. For freight or passage, apply to the Captain on board, or
William Harrisborne, Jun. August 26. 93
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER,
The good American Brig
DANUBE, GILBERT HOWLAND, Master:—Having made only one voyage—burthen 194 tons, now in complete order for the reception of a cargo—will carry about 1800 barrels flour, or 220 hogheads tobacco. For terms apply to the Captain on board, or
Richard Blow. WHO OFFERS FOR SALE, 20,000 Drawn White Oak Pipe STAVES. August 26. 94
FOR SALE,
The fast sailing Schooner
WILLIAM, Only six months old, burthen 120 tons. For terms, apply to Thomas H. Parker. ALSO,
20 Puncheons well flavoured RUM. August 26. 99
DELACOSTE.
RESPECTFULLY informs the publick, that he intends opening a School for tuition of the French Language, and of Book-Keeping in the Italian way, with double entries, as soon as a sufficient number of Gentlemen will have agreed to attend the same. He will, in the mean time, give private lessons, at their houses, to such Ladies and Gentlemen, as may be pleased to confide in his abilities. Orders left at Mr. Riffaud's Boarding-house, will be duly attended to. English, French and Dutch, translated with accuracy and despatch.—Apply as above. August 26. 6* 95
LANDING,
From the British Brig Jane, Captain Litton, on Town Point,
20 Hogheads, } ANTIGUA SUGAR. 34 Tierces, 68 Barrels, And from the Bellona,
60 Hogheads, } BARBADOS SUGAR. 18 Tierces, Samples may be seen at Cam. bell & Wheeler's Warehouse, and terms known by
Robert Dickson. August 26. 2w 96
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
RANAWAY from the Subscriber, yesterday the 25th instant, an apprentice boy, named CART EVERTCH, about 15 years of age, 5 feet 4 or 5 inches high—had on when he went away, a Nankin Jacket and Trowsers. Whoever will apprehend and deliver him to me, shall receive the above reward. Masters of vessels are forewarned from carrying him away, under the penalty of the law. Jacob F. Woods. August 26. 3 97
TO PRINTERS.
I WILL DISPOSE OF A FONT OF BURGEOS TYPE,
Upon which the Publick Ledger is at present printed. It consists of about 600 lbs. WELL-ASSORTED LETTER, with French and Latin accents; has been carefully used; and is almost as good as when new. Should the whole be too much, any one who might incline to purchase ONE HALF, will please to make application, by letters post paid, or personally, at this Office. The terms will be liberal, and a credit will be given, if required, to a purchaser who can give good security in Norfolk or Baltimore. John Cowper. August 26.
INTENDING soon to leave Norfolk, I take this opportunity of informing the subscribers to the following works, that the gentlemen hereafter named have undertaken to act as agents, and that subscriptions are to be paid to them only, until different orders shall be given by the proprietors of each work respectively. Port Folio, Mr. JOHN COWPER. Monthly Register & Review of the U. S. Mr. JASPER MORAN. I have been advised, by Mr. Carpenter, that he has sent forward the first and second numbers; they have not yet been received, but are daily expected. Missionary Magazine & Evangelical Intelligencer—Rev. Mr. GRIFFIN, who has now the 6th and 7th No's. ready for delivery. Companion—Mr. JOHN COWPER.—Besides these gentlemen, any orders for the Port Folio, Register, or Companion, left with Mr. WARREN, at the Post-Office, will be regularly handed over to the agents. GEO: L. GRAY. August 26. 3
WANTS EMPLOYMENT.
A PERSON who has a perfect knowledge of Book Keeping, both Double and Single Entry, and of Account and Mercantile concerns generally—Merchants, Traders, or Merchants wanting an Assistant, or their Books brought up, may engage with the Advertiser on easy terms, as he is unemployed at present.—He would have no objection to go to the country. A line addressed to S. C. and left at the Intelligence Office No. 4, Commerce Street, next door but one to Little Water Street, will meet due attention.

FOR LONDON, The American Ship RE-UNION. Two-thirds of her cargo being engaged, it is expected she will sail by the 15th next month. For freight or passage, apply to Warren Ashley. August 23. tf 88
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, (To any Port in Europe.) The staunch, fast sailing Portuguese Ship PAZ TRIUMPHO, Philip TRINDADE, Master: Burthen 330 tons, will be ready in 3 days for the reception of a cargo. For terms, apply to Oliveira, Fernandes & Co. August 23. tf 89
FOR SALE, The British built Brig JANE. Burthen 136 tons per Register—copper and sails uncommonly fast. The inventor to be seen at our counting house—a liberal credit will be given—Also, 58 Hogsheads, 28 Tierces, 56 Barrels, } PRIME ANTIGUA SUGARS. Landing this day, from on board the said Brig. C. & F. Whittle. August 23. tf 90
FOR LIVERPOOL, The good Ship MONTICELLO, to sail by the 20th of September. Tobacco or cotton, will be taken in on low freight, if immediate application is made to R. Maitland and Christian, Petersburg, or to Robert Maitland & Co. August 19. 4w 82
FOR NANTZ, The good, fast sailing Ship BRUTUS, Captain PENDEBAST. Burthen 370 hds. or thereabouts—a vessel well calculated to carry tobacco to France. For freight or passage, having excellent accommodations, apply to the Master on board, lying at Mr. Blow's wharf, Portsmouth, or Thomas Payson & Co. At Mr. Fisk's Store. August 14. tf 74
FOR LONDON, The American ship ABERDEEN, William MORGAN, Master: Burthen about 450 hogsheads tobacco—intended to sail by the 1st of August—can take on freight about 200 hogsheads tobacco, and 50 bales cotton. For terms apply to J. & W. Southgate. July 5. tf 792
FOR LONDON, The Ship MENTOR, Stephen WATERMAN, Master: Burthen 350 hogsheads tobacco—Will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days, and will sail by the last of this month. She is a very fine vessel of 18 months old, and well found in every respect. For freight or passage, apply to Freeland & Gillies, in Petersburg, or to N. Heron. July 8. tf 805
FOR A PORT IN FRANCE, The new Portuguese Barque MERCURIO, H. MAZZA, Master: Burthen 170 to 180 hogsheads—having part of her cargo engaged, the balance will be taken on a moderate freight, if immediate application is made to the Captain on board, or to John Newell, Jun. Who has received per said Barque from Lisbon, 5 to 6000 Bushels SALT. Which he will sell low, if taken from on board. July 29. tf 23
FORCHARTER, The good Ship FRANKLIN, SPONDER, Master: Burthen about three hundred hogsheads.—For terms apply to Moses Myers. July 24. 3w 16
FOR LIVERPOOL, The British Ship WILLIAM, Burthen about 450 hogsheads tobacco. A fine ship about 3 years old. About half her cargo being on board, the remainder will be taken at a very low freight if offered soon. Apply to Harrison Allmand. August 12. tf 63
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The American Ship INDIA PACKET, William RINDGE, Master, Burthen 400 hds. Tobacco. Apply to the master on board, or to Phinehas Dana, & Co. Who have received per said ship from St. Lucar, 139 quarter casks SHERRY WINE, for sale on moderate terms. August 9. tf 56
FOR LONDON, The good and fast sailing Ship SPY, Will be ready to receive a cargo immediately at the moderate freight of 41. per hhd. and 5 per cent. primage. Apply to the Captain on board, Thomas and Amos Ladd, Richmond; Maitland & Christian, Petersburg; or William Hartshorne, Jun. August 7. tf 47
CADIZ SALT, For Sale on board the Jesse, Captain Ferris, from Cadiz, lying at my wharf, Gosport, which will be sold low, if taken from along side. Apply on board, or to William Pennock. Who offers said Brig for Charter; she carries 260 hogsheads tobacco—will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days. ALSO—FOR CHARTER, The Copper bottomed Ship THOMAS, Burthen three hundred hogsheads tobacco, and now ready to receive a cargo. August 2. tf 38
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER, The good American Ship JOHN, A. M. SPALDING, Master: 297 tons burthen, a staunch, strong, tight vessel, now in complete order for the reception of a cargo.—For terms apply to the Captain on board, or Richard Blow. July 22. tf 12
FOR LIVERPOOL, The British Brig BETSEY, 300 hogsheads burthen—will be ready to receive a cargo in a few days; a large proportion of her cargo is now engaged, for the balance apply to C. & F. Whittle. July 22. tf 10
For Freight or Charter, The fine new American Ship MECHANICK, V. BAGLEY, Master, burthen 250 tons, or about 350 hds. tobacco, now ready for the reception of a cargo. For terms apply to Robert Gibson. June 27. tf 782
GILLIAT & MACKINDER, Have received their assortment of SPRING GOODS, By the ship DUMFRIES , from London.—Assorted Packages for exportation, entitled to drawback. April 24. 622
LANDING THIS DAY ON OUR WHARF, From on board the Martha & Mary , from Grenada, 85 Puncheons RUM. 20 Hogsheads MOLASSES. 1 Puncheon SHRUB. 1 Barrel LIME JUICE. A d from on board the British Brig Brothers , from Kingston. 40,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE. IN STORE, 50,000 lbs. Prime Jamaica COFFEE. 36,000 lbs. Porto Rico do. 20 Barrels Baltimore LOAF SUGAR. 150 Barrels Superfine FLOUR. 50 Hogsheads Petersburg TOBACCO. 20 Puncheons Grenada RUM. 20 Barrels Prime PORT. 25 Bales Upland COTTON. All of which we will dispose of on moderate terms. C. & F. Whittle. August 2. tf 83
To Lease—For Eleven Years, THAT VALUABLE LOT OF LAND, on the corner of Commerce and Little Water Streets.—For further particulars, apply to J. Tucker. August 2. tf 55
FOR SALE—BY THE SUBSCRIBER, 75 Puncheons Winward Island RUM. 6 do. 4th proof Old Jamaica do. 5 do. New England do. 30 Pipes Best Holland GIN. 3 Hogsheads and 24 Barrels Country do. 8 Pipes 4th proof Cognac BRANDY. 11 do. Alicante do. 10 Quarter Casks Sherry WINE. 17 Pipes Fine Old Sicily do. 70 Crates well assorted EARTHEN WARE. 2 Hogsheads do. assorted for family use. 12 Casks GLASS WARE—well assorted. 200 Sacks Liverpool SALT—Also, 70 Hds. Richmond and Petersburg TOBACCO. 35 do. Lowland do. 104 Barrels Superfine } FLOUR. 27 do. Fine } 27 do. SHIP STUFF. A. Maclure. August 7. tf 48
NOW LANDING, From on board the Ship Marcella , Captain Laughlin, 50 Hogsheads Havana MOLASSES. And from on board the Schooner Hope , Captain Sprague, 70 Hogsheads Jamaica RUM. For sale by William Pennock. August 14. 3w 70
LOST ON MONDAY LAST, A NOTE of Mr. William Pennock, in favour of Captain W. J. Richardson, payable at the United States Bank, for Eight Hundred Dollars, at 60 days, and dated 25th July. As payment is stopped, it cannot be of service to any person, if found I should be obliged by its being returned. Edward Roberts. August 14. tf 73
CHOICE FLOUR OF NEW WHEAT, From Mayo's Mills—for Family use. 300 Whole and 300 Half Barrels. For sale by Moses Myers. August 12. tf 66
40 Puncheons Antigua RUM, Just received per Schooner Stranger , and for sale by Warren Ashley. August 12. tf 67
300 Barrels INDIAN CORN, Deliverable at short notice—for sale by James Maurice & Co. July 29. tf 24
LEVIN DORSEY, On Town Point—Wide Water-Street. Has Received by the Dumfries, from London, in addition to his former assortment of MATHEMATICAL INSTRUMENTS, &c. Adams's Patent Globes—12 inches. Brass and Wood Compasses—Assorted. Quadrants. Night and Day Telescopes—Assorted. Telescopes for Day only. Patent Time Glasses. From 1-4 to 1-2 minute, and for one and two hours. Gunter's Scales and Dividers—Assorted. Charts, for the West-Indies, and America. Moore's Epitome and Daily Assistant. And has on hand, Blunt's American Practical Navigator—Last edition, with a copious appendix. Blount's American Coast Pilot. Also for Sale, Bell-Mettle Skillets of Superior Quality. Carriage Wheel Boxes, Bouches, and Solid Brass Sheaves—Assorted. Hoop and Baltimore Bar-Iron—Assorted. All kinds of Mathematical Instruments Repaired, as usual. April 26. tf 628
Avis aux Refugiés de Saint Domingue. LE Sous-Commissaire des relations commerciales de France en Virginie à la résidence de Norfolk, prévient les Colons de Saint Domingue, réfugiés en Virginie, qui sont dans le cas d'obtenir leur passage pour France, que desnavant, il ne sera plus accordé de passage sur les bâtiments particulier; que les colons qui desireront passer en France devront se faire inscrire au Commissariat, où, en conséquence, un liste restera ouverte pendant quinze a compter de ce jour 14 Août 1805; et que ceux, qui négligeront de se présenter et ne profiteront pas du premier bâtiment qui sera freté, ne seront plus admis à demander leur passage. Norfolk, le 14 Août, 1805. tf 69
WANTED, Two Hundred Cords Wharf Wood, For which a generous price will be given. Apply to Thomas Warren. May 29. tf 720
FOR SALE, 12 Puncheons ANTIGUA RUM. 15 do. GRENADA do. 5 Pipes HOLLAND GIN. 20 do. COUNTRY do. 12 do. FRENCH BRANDY. 2 do. ALICANT do. 22 Qrs. Casks SHERRY WINE. 10 do. MALAGA do. PORT and CLARET WINE, in casks & bottles. 6 Barrels PORK—and about 1000 Dozen PORTER, of my last winters stock, equal to any imported. Joseph Hayes. August 24. tf
NOTICE. THE PARTNERSHIP OF SAMUEL SAUNDERS & Co. Is this day dissolved by mutual consent, and those who have accounts with the said firm, will please come forward for immediate settlement to SAMUEL SAUNDERS , who is duly authorized by the concern to adjust the same. Samuel Saunders. P. Henop. N. B. The business in future, will be carried on by SAMUEL SAUNDERS , and ROBERT C. JENNINGS , and Co. under the firm of SAMUEL SAUNDERS & Co. July 12. tf 814
TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS REWARD, TO WHITE OR BLACK.
R ANAWAY from me on the 10th of this month, two Negro Fellows—one by the name of SAM , about 35 years of age, black complexion, about 6 feet one inch high, has a small leg for the size of the man with a large flat foot, flat nose with a good set of white teeth, walks slow and sluggish, and is, when serious, rather a sulky look—as well as I can remember, he has one or two small scars on his nose, one on one of his legs, and one on one foot or his instep, and one on one of his hands; I do not recollect the size of these scars, or whether he has them or not, but I am informed he has—his clothing I cannot describe as he had many, but his working clothes were tow osnaburgs—he carried with him a silver watch, and I expect money; this is an artful fellow, he is by trade a ship carpenter and caulkers—I expect this fellow has it in contemplation to aim for the northern states by water, or he may likely try by land, as he has often inquired the way—I have reason to believe he has a free pass, which he will try to escape with. DAVE , a slender made Negro, about the same age, about five feet ten inches high, black complexion, small legs and feet, with a pleasing countenance, and when talking, rather on the submissive order—he has a large scar on his breast, which came from the stroke of the whip when young, his teeth are rather yellow from chewing tobacco, but has a sound set—he is a caulkers by trade, and works at the ship carpenter's trade also—He has many clothes, and among which, are a pair of negro cotton trowsers, one pair of tow osnaburgs, and a tow osnaburg shirt, that I know of, and a hat covered with canvas, but I have no doubt but they will change their clothing—I suspect him of having a free pass, and will aim for the northern states by water, or he may likely try for the northward by land, as he has often inquired the way—I cannot give any further description, but they may have other marks. I do hereby forewarn all masters of vessels from taking on board their vessels, these negroes at the penalty of the law, I will give above reward for both, or if delivered separately, I will give one hundred dollars each, or if confined in any jail, so that I get him again, with all reasonable expenses paid. John Drew, Sen. Bartie County, (near Edenton, N. C.) August 12. 78
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. R ANAWAY from the Subscriber in January last, a Negro Man named DAVE —about 45 years of age, and pretends to be a Baptist; was formerly the property of Mr. Fatherly, on the Western Branch—he has been seen in Nansemond, where he has a wife, who lives with Mr. Lightfoot. I forewarn all persons employing him, and will give the above reward, to any person who will apprehend and lodge him in jail, that I get him again, or deliver him to me in Portsmouth. Robert Barclay. Portsmouth, August 5. tf 45
TO RENT, Two Rooms adjoining the Office of the Publick Ledger. Apply at this office. July 26.
TO RENT. The Store, Cellar, and Compting Room, No. 41, Main-Street, at present occupied by Messrs. GILLIAT & MACKINDER . Apply to Thomas Willock. April 1. tf 547
NEW CUT-NAIL MANUFACTORY, ON TOWN POINT, A small distance below County Wharf, Wide Water Street. THE Subscriber has, at a considerable expense, fitted up, in addition to his other business, a complete set of machinery, adequate to finish 500 to 600 lbs. of Nails daily. He is also provided with a good stock of Iron; and with a sufficient number of skilful workmen. He has on hand a constant supply of Nails, Flooring Brads, and Sprigs, which he offers for Sale at the reduced prices as follows, by the keg, viz. 10d, 12d, 20d, Nails, 8d per lb. 8d, do. 9d per lb. Sheathing do. 7 1-2d per lb. Cd, do. 10d per lb. 4d, do. 8s per M. 3d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do. 8d, 10d, 12d, and 20d, Brads, 8d per lb. 6d, do. 4s 6d per M. 4d, do. 3s do. 3d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do. 2d, do. 2s 7 1-2d do. ALSO—HOOP AND BAR-IRON ASSORTED. LEVIN DORSEY. March 18. tf 503
COW-POX. THOSE persons who wish to avoid catching the Small-Pox which now exists in this Borough, are informed that the subscriber has again succeeded in introducing the Vaccine Infection, and that he now has several arms fit to inoculate from. ** He has returned to his old shop at the lower end of the new market. George Balfour. Nov. 16. tf 326
An APPRENTICE wanted. Nov. 16. tf 326
IRISH LINENS. THE SUBSCRIBER Has received in addition to his London Goods, a large assortment of Irish Linens, Sheetings, Diapers, Dowlas, Hardware, &c. Per Ship Charleston , Captain Hall, from Liverpool, which he will dispose of on the most reasonable terms. ALSO, 300 Pieces Twilled SACKING. Richard Taylor. May 31. 729
JOHN C. NIEMYER, Has received in addition to his former assortment of GERMAN GOODS, 45 packages German Linens, &c. chiefly entitled to drawback, Consisting of Platillas, brown Hollands, ter, Wine Glasses, and Britannias, Basket Flasks, &c. Sheeting, extra fine 1 1-8 3 Boxes English Mustard. yard wide, 8 Bates Cloths, Blankets, Coatings, &c. Dowlas and Creas of the best quality, Andross, Waffleton, Shirt linen, Diapers, Coffee mills, Bird cages, and Bed Ticking for Mattresses, Seeds of all kinds, Bed Bunts fine 1 1-4 to 2 Table mats, & Straw plates, yards wide, Suspenders of the best kind, Ticklenburgs, Ornaburgs, Violins, Flutes, Clarinets and Brown Houpou Hessian, Fife, Harp strings and Brown and White Rolis, Violin strings, elegant Russia Sheetings and light Bows and Instruction books Cauvas. Looking Glasses, a large ALSO, assortment of Baskets, fine Velvet Ribbons no. 2 to 150, and common do. do. Toys Plush for Saddlers, black Satin for waistcoats, cheap by the quantity. Brussels Lace 4 to 20 dols. per yard, cheap Edgings, 90 boxes first quality Havana Segars, German Nuns Thread, patent Needles, India sewing Silk, 50 do. good quality St Jago do. Made Shirts, Thread Stockings very fine, Razors, 140 do. Short Pipes, Spectacles, and Perkinives, of 200 lbs. Shoe Thread, the very first qualities, 2000 Coffee bags good quality, Cheap Jewellery, fine Scissors, Muffs and Tippets of 400 Gummy do. Martin Skins, 250 M. coon cheap Needles, 15 boxes Tumblers, Decanters, 60 M. Toy marbles, cases superior Quills, &c. I will sell the above Goods low for cash or approved bills, or in barter for Coffee, and will take in payment One Hundred Hogsheads good Tobacco STEMS.—Apply as above. December 5. tf 273
TO PRINTERS. Having had advice of a Font of Letter being shipped for me from England, I will dispose of A FONT OF BOURGEOIS TYPE, Upon which the PUBLIC LEDGER has been heretofore printed; specimens of which are seen in the editorial articles. It consists of 600 lbs. WELL-ASSORTED LETTER, has been in use but nine months, and is almost as good as new—Should the whole be too large, such as might be inclined to purchase one HALF of the font, will please to make application by letters post-paid, or personally at this office. John Cowper. Norfolk, May 8.
TO RENT, THE Warehouses at present occupied by James Heron on my wharf, capable of storing 4,000 barrels flour, and free from danger of high tides—Possession may be had of them on the first of September next; if agreeable, the Wharf may be had with them. Also, for Lease, for a term of Years, The Wharf adjoining mine, newly repaired, 55 1-2 feet in front, running back from 2 to 250 feet, with sufficient well made ground for the erection of warehouses—at the end of the wharf, there is water for any ship, with a convenient Lumber Yard. For terms apply to John Davis. Portsmouth, July 29. 2aw tf 25
JUST RECEIVED, By the ship Roba & Betsey , Capt. Richardson from London, and for sale by the Subscriber, A LARGE SUPPLY OF DRUGS AND MEDICINES, of all kinds. Patent Medicines, Perfumery, &c. &c. Also received by the ship Admira , Capt. Stover, A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, Consisting of Amputating, Trepanning, Cupping, Midwifery. Tooth of different sorts, Crown and Common Lancets, and Surgical Pocket Instruments &c. &c.
HARDHAM'S SNUFF, No. 9. Also, by the ship Olive Branch , Capt. Le Breton from Bristol, A LARGE & EXTENSIVE ASSORTMENT OF GLASS & FURNITURE, For Apothecary's and Practitioner's Shops. Those who favour us with their orders will be supplied on the most reasonable terms, and the articles of the best and freshest quality, as our importations are regularly twice a year, and laid in with cash, from the most respectable Druggists in London. MEDICINE CHESTS made up as usual. Also, a few elegant Mahogany Chests of the newest construction, with furniture complete, PERRY'S ANTI-BILLIOUS PILLS. Frederick Heermann & Son. July 17. 2aw 12m. 1
TO UNDERWRITERS, MERCHANTS, &c.
THE Subscriber, Proprietor of the Royal Gazette and Balama Advertiser , published at Nassau, has been, and purposes to continue transmitting, by every opportunity, early and correct information to subscribers in Europe and America, of the arrivals, clearances, captures, and misfortunes, that may happen to vessels about these and the different West India Islands. As the procuring and forwarding such information, will occupy much time, and be attended with considerable expense—to insure this attention, it will be necessary that men interested in mercantile and other information, should subscribe with liberality to his Gazette. It is published twice a week, price eight dollars and a half per annum. One half in advance.
SUBSCRIPTIONS Will be received in London, by the proprietor of the Courier; at Liverpool, by Messrs. T. & J. Moss, merchants, and the proprietor of the Mercantile Chronicle ; at Greenock, by the proprietor of the Advertiser ; at Dublin, by J. Wilson, Esq. American Consul; in Savannah, by the proprietor of the Museum ; in Charleston, by the proprietors of The City Gazette , The Courier , and The Times ; in Norfolk, by the proprietor of the Publick Ledger ; in Baltimore, by Mr. G. Douglass, and the proprietors of the American ; in Philadelphia, by Mr. C. P. Wayne, and the proprietor of the True American ; in New-York, by T. & J. Swords, E. Sergeant & Co. and the proprietors of the Morning Chronicle , and of the Daily Advertiser . ROBERT WILSON. Nassau, (New-Providence,) June 28.
NORFOLK: PUBLISHED THREE TIMES A-WEEK, BY WILLIAM DAVIS, FOR THE PROPRIETOR, OPPOSITE THE EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE. Price Five Dollars and Fifty Cents yearly, in advance.