The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg, Va.), 1773-12-16 00:00:00

VIRGINIA
GAZETTE.
Open to ALL PARTIES,
but influenced by NONE.
FROM THE PUBLIC LEDGER.
To all the KEEPERS of PUBLIC GAOLS within the counties of LONDON and MIDDLESEX, the SERJEANTS at MACE, BAILIFFS, and all other the SHERIFFS OFFICERS belonging to the said counties.
WE think it our duty to give you a public charge relative to your conduct in the execution of your offices. The execution of the law is a sacred trust reposed in us by the people, and in you by our appointment. You will therefore remember that while you execute the law with diligence and firmness you are not to aggravate by any wilful and unnecessary severities the misfortunes of those who are in your hands, especially of the poor and indigent debtors. The law of which you are officers is a law of mercy, that pities while it punishes, and means to shield, not to oppress, the people. No favour or affection, no enmity or interest, no improper respect for the rich, or contempt of the poor, is to divert you from an equal, humane, and faithful, discharge of your duty.
It has been too much the custom to neglect attendance on capital executions, which gives occasion to great indecorum, and even licentiousness in the populace, and so enfeebles the civil power as to make it appear necessary to call in the military to its support. We expect and command you, whose duty it is to pay a regular and decent attendance at the place of execution, that such peace, order, and decorum, may be preserved as to make it a solemn and striking lesson to the spectators of the dreadful punishment awaiting the commission of crimes. We will ourselves set you an example of due attendance, more especially when a rescue is threatened; for it is our firm purpose to support the laws at the hazard of our lives, and not to suffer the civil power to be disgraced, and the constitution wounded, by calling in the dangerous aid of a standing army.
You who execute writs are charged with accepting bribes to delay justice, with extorting money from those you arrest by the terror of indecent and brutal treatment, or of pretended exceptions to their bail, and that you subject your prisoners to enormous expences in the lock-up-houses, where they are necessitated to go, that they may avoid the horrors of a prison. These things you must know are highly culpable, and they are expressly contrary to law; it is therefore our strict injunction to you that you abstain from all such practices, nor take or demand, directly or indirectly, more than you are by law entitled to, but that you execute your business without rigour, exaction, or indecency, to the poor and the friendless, as well as to others.
You, whose province it is to keep the gaols, have it much in your power to mitigate the miseries of those who are so unhappy as to be in your custody, by decent and humane treatment. And this is the more incumbent on you, as the law commits criminals to prison chiefly for safe custody; and the confinement of those who are in execution for debt may arise less from their faults than from their misfortunes. To extort money from these by terrors of severity and rigour is wicked and unwarrantable; nor have you a right to put even a criminal in irons, unless his outrageous behaviour should render them necessary to his safe custody.
Two of your order have been lately brought to condign punishment for crimes committed under the opportunity of their employment. If any thing can aggravate the guilt of such crimes it is the commission of them by those who, being the immediate servants of the law, are more peculiarly bound to reverence its ordinances. We hope the fate of those men will be a warning to you, and that you will abstain from crimes in the execution of your offices, not only from the fear of that punishment which will inevitably overtake it, but from a proper sense of the disgrace it will bring upon your fraternity.
In general, you understand the law as far as respects your duty; when you are in doubt, apply to us for information. As we shall always be happy in giving every approbation and encouragement to those who faithfully discharge their duty, so they who are guilty of any abuse may expect the utmost censure and punishment that we are able to inflict.
GUILDHALL, } STEPHEN SAYER, Sept. 29, 1773. } WILLIAM LEE.
W A R S A W, September 11.
YESTERDAY Lukawski and Cybulski were executed. They were brought to the place of execution the same way they had obliged the King to go in the night of the 3d of November, guarded by all the guards of the crown, and a strong detachment of Uhlan. They were both dressed in white, went in separate waggons, and two Capuchins with them. In a third waggon were Kofinski, Offenberga, and Pefzinski, who, with Lukawski's wife, were all to be present at the execution. Kofinski was in tears all the way he went. Lukawski ascended the scaffold first, with great fortitude, and, to the astonishment of every one present, made a very affecting speech, wherein he confessed his guilt, and hoped for pardon; after which he sat down on the chair, and would not have any thing tied over his eyes, but holding his head as upright as he could, gave the signal for the blow, which followed immediately; after which his hands were cut off, his body opened, and the inside put in a bag, then quartered and burnt. Cybulski, who was obliged to be a spectator of all this, then mounted the scaffold, and sat down in the chair, where his head was likewise taken off, and his body suffered to be buried. The executioner, who was sent for out of Ermeland, made a speech to the people, and particularly addressed himself to the elder part of the spectators. Lally, the names of the two who died in prison, Tubalowitz and Hegwezewski, were hung up at the gallows.
VIENNA, September 1. A lieutenant of the Russian hussars is just arrived here with the intelligence of a fresh action, which has passed in Moldavia between a body of the Turks, consisting of about 3000 men, and a detachment of 2500 Russians, who were sent from Marshal Romanzow's army, to take possession of the town of Braisa, on the river Bardalach, but were opposed in their way by the Turks, when, after a severe engagement, victory declared in favour of the Russians, 400 of the Turks being killed, and 600 taken prisoners.
BERLIN, August 24. Though the spring and the season of exercises and reviews has long since passed, nothing is seen here, and throughout all Brandenburg, from morning to night, but the training of soldiers to the management of arms, and all our regiments in Poland have been completed and augmented.
HAMBURG, August 27. We are informed that the King of Prussia is in treaty with our magistracy to erect a Prussian repository in this city, where all goods belonging to Prussian merchants coming from the German Ocean and the Mediterranean are to be disembarked, and that the rivers Elbe and Ster are to be made navigable to Bramber, from whence all those goods can be imported into Poland, Brandenburg, &c. so that they need not pass the Sound.
L O N D O N, September 6.
BY the most accurate accounts, says a correspondent, the national debt amounts, in the present year, to the enormous sum of 130,000,000 L. including that part of it which is unfunded (composed of the navy and exchequer bills in course of circulation) demanding payment of an annual interest little short of 4,700,000 L. At the breaking out of the Spanish war in 1739, the national debt was considerably under 50, and on the rupture with France in 1755 about seventy five millions, with a proportionate interest; which, at the nearest calculation, will bring it, at the first period, to two fifths, and at the second to three fifths of its present amount. Computing then the ability of Great Britain to bear the public burthens from 1739 to 1755 with equal facility, its means should have increased one fifth, and from 1755 to 1773 two-fifths more, which I believe no one will be so hardy to affirm. But dropping any further comparison of the intermediate period with either of the other two, in order to render the present subject less complex, let us suppose, what is sufficiently attested by fact, that our present debt bears a proportion of five to two, of what it was in 1739, and is more than double of its amount even so late as the year 1746; will it not hence follow, that so far as our ability to provide for this additional load from new resources falls short of these demands, so much our present situation is worse than at the above period? Hence the grand cause of the decay of our woollen and linen manufactures, the extravagant price of all the necessaries of life, and its consequent
operation on that of our manufactures when brought to foreign markets; and above all, that disgrace and ruin which threaten us as a nation, necessarily connected with other states in wars, negotiations, and treaties, intended to preserve that balance in the grand European system, which it was equally our pride, our glory, and our interest, to be the great arbitrators of.
A letter from Hamburg says, "The attention of our politicians here is much taken up on the absurdity of the views which it is reported his Prussian Majesty has on the city of Hamburg. If he encourages and supports the claim of Count Schomberg upon that city, and if he by his Majesty's interest, in the college of Princes, should get his claim allowed, surely the King cannot act so impolitically as to immediately dispossess that nobleman of what he had laboured so hard to gain him; besides, he would draw the resentment of the Danes, who affect the sovereignty of Hamburg, and likewise will be opposed by Sweden, Holland, and the Princes of Germany.
Authentic letters just received from Paris declare that the Chevalier Grenier is going out with a small squadron from Brest to the East Indies, upon a secret expedition.
The above officer is just returned to France from making a voyage into the Indian seas, in consequence of a proposal he made to the French ministry about three years since, the issue of which was, that he discovered a new passage from the Isle of France to the coasts of Coromandel and China, which shortened the voyage near 1000 leagues. This important circumstance was a short time since, by order of the French King, laid before the royal academy of sciences at Paris, the members of which, after examining the chevalier's journals, &c. gave, as their opinion, his discovery would turn out of great utility in the nautical world, as the new route was not only practicable during the latter monsoon, or from October to April, but that it was free from any remarkable danger, even if a large fleet should attempt it.
They write from Hamburg that the King of Prussia has proposed to enter into a commercial treaty with the magistrates of that city. The design of this treaty is to form there a general staple for all sorts of merchandise which the Prussians shall import from the German and Mediterranean seas. It should seem by this proposition that the King of Prussia proposes to avoid the passage of the Sound, and to join Prussia and Poland with Germany and the rest of Europe by the canal of Bromberg.
The Barfleur, and two other men of war, are ordered to be victualled for six months, in order to proceed on their voyage to the West Indies immediately.
September 9. The late Lord LYTTLETON was born at seven months, and the midwife supposing the infant dead, threw him into the cradle, and it was not till some time after that he engaged the attention of one of the attendants, by shewing signs of life. Thus was the world likely to have been deprived of a character that reflected honour on humanity. His lordship was always of a tender constitution, and it was by the greatest regularity and sobriety that his life was preserved to the age of 64, more especially if we consider the distress of his mind for some time past. During his last illness he was several days insensible; however, a few hours before his death, he recovered the entire use of all his faculties. His fortitude, resignation, and piety, was that of a good man and a christian. He particularly desired that his blessing and forgiveness might be delivered to his son. Of his daughter in law (now Lady LYTTLETON) he took the most affectionate leave, recommending to her, in the strongest terms, that she would never forget her duty to God; for at that moment he would not exchange the pleasing consolation of a good conscience for the possessions of the universe. All his domestics, even the lowest, were called up to him, and received his blessing; at the same time were added his thanks for their services. As a christian, a gentleman, and a man of learning, he was an honour to his country, and has left an example for the nobility of this and future ages.
The Spaniards are now very busy in putting all the forts in the island of Cuba in a state of defence.
By a gentleman returned from France we learn that orders are issued for the imprisonment of several more of the merchants of Hispaniola and St. Domingo, and that several others are ordered home to France to be tried.

By some letters lately received from Portsmouth we are informed that no person whatever is permitted to go on board any of the ships in the harbour without first obtaining leave of the commissioners. This strict order was occasioned by two French noblemen being admitted on board the Britannia, the finest first rate ship in the navy, who took an account of her dimensions, weight of metal, &c.
A letter from Gibraltar, dated August 2, says that a Russian frigate of 40 guns, called the Alexowitz, M. Darschin, commander, has just arrived here with an Algerine chebeque mounting 18 guns, and a Tunisian galley of 16 oars on a side. These two vessels attacked the Alexowitz off Tetuan, not thinking her of force, as she is a very compact, well built ship; but soon finding their mistake, were taken after a short resistance. Our governor will not permit the two vessels to be sold here, as England is in amity with the two powers they belong to, and it might be deemed a breach of treaty.
The accounts about the plague, both from Lahor, Aleppo, Bagdad, and Bassora, by private letters received yesterday, are much more favourable than the last.
The viceroy of Ireland, it is said, has hit upon a method to conciliate the jarring interests of that kingdom, and has sent over his sentiments to the premier; probably, in a short time the public will be able to judge of the intended political manœuvres of government there, as it is expected in the course of 3 weeks the list of both parties will be pretty well ascertained, as the several leaders will then give in their ultimatums.
It is confidently reported, that at the expiration of the East India company's charter, it will not be renewed by government.
On Tuesday both houses of parliament met at Westminster, and were further prorogued by commission to Tuesday the 12th of October. The lords commissioners present were, the lord chancellor, the archbishop of Canterbury, and Lord Rochford.
We are informed by a letter from Warsaw that the commission appointed to judge the regicides pronounced sentence last Monday against those who attempted the King's life; the sitting lasted from ten o'clock in the morning till five in the afternoon. Although the said sentence is not yet published, we are assured that Lukawski is condemned to be burnt, and his ashes thrown away, after having his hand and head cut off. Kusma, or Kosinski, is given over to the King's clemency; all the other accomplices are condemned to die, and the grod is permitted to arrest all the other accomplices who are not publicly defamed, and their effects confiscated. Lukawski's wife is condemned to be imprisoned for a term of years, and then banished the kingdom.—The report which was propagated some time ago that the King had asked a sum of money from the allied courts, and that they had granted him a subsidy of 100,000 ducats per annum, is entirely without foundation.
A letter from Warsaw, of very good authority, contains the following articles of intelligence: The Confederates have of late published a new manifesto, in which they publicly protest against the Polish diet, against the new national confederacy, and against the delegated commission, and all that has hitherto passed, or may in future pass, by that commission, as being altogether illegal, and contrary to the constitution of Poland. They further assure the true Polish patriots, who have the liberty and independency of their mother country at heart, in the name of the Most Sublime Porte, that the peace between Russia and the Porte will never be concluded, unless the first and chief article be "the independency of the Polish republic restored upon its antient footing."
The government, says a correspondent, do the same by the people in general as the clippers and coiners do by the current specie, viz. they clip us of our privileges, diminish our bodies by starving us, sweat us with taxes and imposts, cut us to pieces in St George's field's, Boston, &c. debase us by ill examples, render us light by an iniquitous management of the scales of justice, weigh us in a false medium, by using dead weights against us, such as placemen, pensioners, &c. and lastly, stamp us with opprobrious epithets, such as scum of the earth, dregs of the people, &c.
Some very important matters are on the carpet, the affairs of the powers on the continent are coming to a crisis, and it seems as if our court doubted it may be a disagreeable one. All the foreign governors are ordered to their stations, and are preparing to depart, and the ambassador to France is in motion.
The French are very busy in repairing their fortifications at Dunkirk, and the garrisons of all the frontier towns are ordered to be augmented.
Within this week, we are told, orders have been sent to our ambassadors now resident at all the European courts, to spare no pains or expences to discover every transaction that may be likely to affect Great Britain, and to send the earliest intelligence of it here.
They write from Lisle that a young lady of immense fortune has just escaped from a convent there with her confessor.
However the goodnatured part of the public may be disposed to wish an accommodation between a royal northern pair, it is asserted by the knowing ones that no such step has ever been in contemplation, nor from the nature of things ever can be effected.
The Duke of Devonshire, we hear, will be a great man at court the ensuing winter.
September 12. The Czarina, whose pride and ambition is gratified by having herself considered as the sole agitator of the present martial manœuvres on the continent, is nevertheless, we are assured, merely a cat's paw to a certain artful and high reaching Monarch, who has been heard to boast of his talents for fomenting and appealing national differences at will.
The lords of the admiralty have ordered a particular account of the monthly expences incurred by supporting the armed cutters against the smugglers to be made out and laid before them.
Priests of the Romish church from foreign seminaries represent the English vineyard as unworthy of cultivation: The methodist preachers are charged with spoiling the mission.
Baron Riedesel, in his account of his travels, says that the annual revenue drawn by the Grand Signior from Egypt consists of 11,450 purses of 621. 10s sterling each, amounting to 715,625l. 296,700 measures (at 250 pounds of 32 ounces each) or corn, two thirds in wheat, and the remainder in barley and legumes; and in 1200 quintals, and 700 measures of lentils.
When Pope Innocent desired the Marquis of Carpio, viceroy of Naples, to furnish him with thirty thousand head of swine, he could not spare them, but if his Holiness had occasion for thirty thousand lawyers, they were at his service.
The 18th ult. they had one of the most violent thunder storms in the province of Bretagne, in France, that was ever known there. It continued raining in torrents the whole day, but at midnight the element seemed in one continued blaze, with thunder without intermission. Several bridges are broke down, causeways demolished, and many houses, mills, and other buildings, washed away. The bodies of 53 persons had been taken up, which had been brought down by the torrent, and the numbers of cattle lost are incredible.
September 14. We hear that 3000 men are shortly to be drafted from the marching regiments, and embarked for North America.
The secularizing the estates belonging to the Jesuits in the imperial dominions will augment the Emperor's revenue about 5,555,555 florins per annum.
It is asserted that Governor Hutchinson will still be continued in his government, notwithstanding all the reports to the contrary.
If it is true, as is currently reported, that the Dutchess of Northumberland is preferred before any other person to conduct the Queen of Denmark to England, we may naturally suppose that the Duke of Northumberland is in no small degree of favour with a great personage; from which we may farther suppose that his grace will be concerned in effecting an union between England and Ireland (as that work, we hear, is to be brought about in the course of the ensuing winter if possible) he being so great a favourite with the Hibernians.
The new form of government in Poland is to consist of a council, which is to have the supreme power of legislation; but all manner of government will be taken from the King and republic.
The Hanoverian forces have lately been reviewed, and are now said to be compleat for action, should they be found necessary.
The author of a pamphlet in Denmark is sentenced to perpetual slavery.
The eyes of all Europe are upon the armaments of the Emperor and the King of Prussia, the design of which is a secret.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Algiers.
"A French snow lately came into our harbour. Upon her arrival the officers went on board and informed the captain the custom of the port was for him either to send his sails or rudder on shore until the duties of his cargo were paid, which are ten per cent. on what the goods sell for.) The captain refused to send either, and behaved rather insolent. On notice being sent to the Dey, he seized the vessel and made the crew prisoners."
We hear that a parliamentary cognizance will be taken of the Royal African company's charter.
A scheme for the better regulation of the commerce between Great Britain and the colonies is now before the board of trade, and will be laid before parliament.
Advices from Stockholm mention his Swedish Majesty having set out for the camp at Bahus.
By letters from Edinburgh we learn that the people are all in a tumult, owing to a new poor's rate, which they talk of having fixed next session. Several very spirited letters have been wrote to their members on the occasion, desiring them to be aware how they fix an assentment on them and their heirs forever, and to let them know that they detest charity in shackles .
A letter received yesterday mentions that the Count de Guignes will not return to England as ambassador, but is appointed to go to Madrid in that character.
September 16. It is said there will soon be a promotion of general officers on the Irish establishment.
All the senior captains of the navy on half pay have received orders to attend the admiralty board on Friday next, the 17th instant.
It was yesterday reported at the Smyrna, that it was absolutely determined by the premier that Mr. Wilkes should be lord mayor for the ensuing year, to prevent his being in that office on the year of the general election.
It may be depended on, notwithstanding what has been recently said to the contrary, that the court of Great Britain has positively declared off having any
thing to do in settling disputes between the Turks and Russians, although the Grand Signior is now about to solicit the favour. This may seem a mystery to many; however, what follows may unravel it: The Empress, on hearing that our Sovereign was to be applied to by the Porte to bring about a reconciliation, immediately informed him what terms she would accommodate matters upon, which were thought at St. James's very unreasonable, and such as his Majesty could not, with any degree of justice, desire the Grand Signior to accept of; therefore concluded, and rightly too, to have no concern with this business.
We are informed that General Gansel, who was lately tried on the black act at the Old Bailey for firing at some sheriff's officers, lies very ill in the Fleet prison.
An end is put to the order of the Jesuits in all the Roman Catholic dominions, which, in all appearance, will be the foundation of a general reformation in Europe.
Lord Holland is said to have lately given the following advice to his son, in a letter wrote with his own hand, on the subject of his political conduct: "Aspire, Charles, to the first employments, but do not aim at being a favourite; that is acquired with difficulty, preserved with anxiety, and lost often with despair."
The making the bishoprick of Osnaburg perpetual in the Brunswick family has been offered for 60,000l. but the offer has been rejected by our court.
By a gentleman arrived from Osnaburg we are informed that the inhabitants of Hanover were apprehensive of a visit from the King of Prussia, and had sent an express to the court of London, intimating their fears.
A letter from Florence, dated August 28, says the Grand Duke having sent for father Delci, a Jesuit, his Royal Highness declared to him that the Empress Queen, his august mother, having consented to the suppression of the society, he was resolved to follow that example; therefore he advised those religious to suffer quietly their suppression, and to take the habits of secular ecclesiastics, as it was his intention to employ them every where, and in every thing where they could be useful to him.
Yesterday the Duke of Cumberland and his Dutchess, with Miss Luttrell, &c. arrived in town from Weymouth, and will set out this day for Dover, to embark for Calais, in their way to Italy.
By the late acquittal of General Gansel, whose case was inserted in our last paper, the public are more universally acquainted with the particulars of that law which applies to the protection of unfortunate debtors in their own chambers, which is, that every roomkeeper having his door secured, is as much entrenched in his castle of defence, and from any arrest in civil matters, as a housekeeper is when his street door is locked. The general, in his defence on Tuesday last, quoted this maxim from Mr. Justice Blackstone; and the judge, in summing up the evidence to the jury, observed upon that part that the general had laid down the law as clear as it could come from Westminster Hall. This, we hope, will prove as much an example to sheriffs officers in future, as a caution to unfortunate debtors.
Many people having doubted whether General Gansel can be legally kept in custody, after his acquittal at the Old Bailey, it is necessary to inform them that although the manner of arresting the general was illegal, yet, as he has been actually in custody of a sheriff's officer, if he is suffered to go at large, the sheriffs, to all intents and purposes, would be fixed with the debt. The general has his remedy by law against the bailiff for any illegal conduct in the execution of the process.
The present parliament will be dissolved in April, and new writs immediately issued out for a general election.
Papers to the following purport are handed about at the coffeehouses near the Royal Exchange:— On Wednesday the 29th of September will be run for, a purse of 4000 guineas, and a gilt state coach, by Lord North's stud, the famous horse Rosy Wine, Shakespeare, in claret; the little horse Oeconomy, Eisdale, in green; by the Shelburne stud, the powerful horse Spavin, Sarubridge, with a gold collar; the famous horse BRITISH LIBERTY, WILKES, in blue; and the much admired horse Ready Money, Bull, in white. Odds five to four Ready Money against the field. Stephen Sayre, and William Lee, Esquires, stewards; and John Reynolds, Esquire, clerk of the course.
September 20. Last Friday 30,000 dollars, brought from Jamaica in the Guadalupe man of war, due from the estates of the late Edward Manning and George Papley, Esquires, ever since the year one thousand seven hundred and fifty six, were lodged in the bank.
They write from Petersburg that the Princess Wilhelmina, of Hesse Darmstadt, had made her profession of faith last month; that afterwards the ceremony of betrothing the Princess to the Grand Duke was performed, and that the marriage was to take place the 1st of October next, being the anniversary of his Imperial Highness's birth day.—The whole town seem to wish for war.
A gentleman just arrived from Paris says that he met about 200 likely young fellows who had been inveigled into the French service in London, at a village distant about nine leagues from that capital. They seemed to be mostly Irish, in high spirits, and were going to fill up the brigade in the French service.

A letter from Scotland, of the 4th instant, says that on the 1st failed from Fort William, for America, 425 men, women, and children, from Croydon, Lochaber, Appin, Mammore, &c. allowed to be the finest fellows in the Highlands, and carry at least 6000l. sterling with them in cash.
It is confidently reported at Paris that the Spaniards have declared to the French court their absolute intentions of assisting the Turks, even in case that court should refuse their concurrence.
We have advice from Tripoli, by way of Gibraltar, that the Dey had been assassinated, and his palace burnt, by order of the Turkish Basha who presides there, and has the power of levying a tribute from the subjects, notwithstanding the Dey is elected or deposed by the soldiery.
Deaths lately: The Duke of Kingston, Sir William Beauchamp Proctor, Baronet, and Admiral Fielding.
September 23. On Saturday last the Adriatic, one of his Majesty's transports, arrived at Deptford from Quebec, and brought 150 soldiers, who had been there 11 years; 40 of them had wives, 10 of whom had been delivered in their passage, one with twins; all of them are in good health.
Yesterday morning his Majesty, attended by General Harvey, went on horseback from Kew to Woolwich, to see the experiment of firing a cannon of a new invention, which was discharged 24 times in a minute, and gave great satisfaction to his Majesty and all present.
Letters from Paris mention that the Sieur Guys of the academy at Marseilles, secretary to the French King, has had the honour to present to his Majesty, on the part of the chevalier, James Bruce, a celebrated English traveller, with whom he corresponded, an Abyssinian manuscript, which contains the prophecy of Enoch. His Majesty has ordered that this manuscript, of which St. Jerome makes mention, and which the late Sieur Colbert had searched for in vain, shall be deposited in his library.
The Comet, a large French frigate of 36 guns, and 300 men, from St. Domingo, bound to Dunkirk, was lost the 14th instant, in a very hard gale of wind, on the rocks of Scilly, and most of her crew perished.
September 28. Last night at a numerous meeting of the livery, for the nomination of two persons to be returned to the court of aldermen for the mayoralty for the ensuing year, Messrs. Wilkes and Bull were returned, by a considerable majority.
The receipts at the custom house, on account of the very strict duty observed by the revenue officers in the river, &c. have exceeded the usual collection more than 300,000l. the last year.
September 30. Yesterday there was but a thin levee at St. James's and no council. His Majesty returned at three o'clock to Kew.
Yesterday the Earl of Oxford went into waiting as one of the lords of the bedchamber to his Majesty.
The Princess Amelia was yesterday morning judged by her physicians to be out of danger.
We are assured from good authority that his Excellency the Count de Guignes, notwithstanding the reports to the contrary, will certainly return ambassador to this court from that of Versailles, and that he will bring his daughter, a young lady of uncommon accomplishments, over with him.
The Tripolitan ambassador has, it is said, brought over some highly advantageous proposals in commercial matters.
Last Friday night the Right Honourable Lord Viscount Townshend, late lord lieutenant of Ireland, arrived at Edinburgh, and next morning went up to view the Castle, upon entering the gates of which he was saluted by a discharge of the great guns.
Yesterday arrived in town from the East Indies Sir Robert Fletcher; he came passenger in the Triton, Capt. Elphinstone, from Madras.
Tuesday a great number of the nobility, and persons of fashion, were at the Queen's mews, to view the six horses and four mares lately arrived as a present from the Dey of Algiers.
This day at noon the lord mayor, aldermen, and sheriffs, will go in their barge to Westminster, where one of the barons will attend in the court of exchequer, when the recorder will present the new sheriffs; at the same time the late sheriffs will take the oaths, and swear to the justness of the accounts they have passed; and then the usual form is to count the six horses and the hobnails, and to chop the stick by which the lord mayor holds three different manors.
Tuesday, at a city coffeehouse, one hundred guineas were given, to receive two hundred, if Mr. Wilkes should be chosen and sworn into the office of lord mayor for the ensuing year.
Authentic letters from Cadiz mention that Colonel O'Reilly had embarked the 14th of August last, with twelve hundred regular troops, as it was pretended, to reinforce the garrison of Carthagena in the West Indies.
The above military gentleman was formerly a surgeon in the Austrian service, and had the arrogance to propose to the Spanish ministry, at the time a rupture was supposed to be inevitable between England and Spain, about Falkland's islands, to take the island of Jamaica, in which he had been very hospitably entertained by the planters, with four men of war and eight hundred land forces only.
It is confidently said that six ships of the line are to be got ready for the West Indies, which are to carry
over with them two regiments from Ireland and one from England.
Early yesterday morning the purser of the Triton East Indiaman, Captain Elphinstone, came to the East India house, with the news of the above ship's being safe arrived off Falmouth, from Bengal.
Yesterday morning, about ten o'clock, the purser of the Hector East Indiaman, Captain Williams, came to the East India house, with the news of the above ship's being safe arrived off the Start, from Bombay; the last ship from that port this season.
The Ardent man of war, a fine new 64 gun ship, is ordered to be fitted out for sea with the utmost expedition.
Saturday arrived at Plymouth the Cæsar, Captain Tanner, of that place, having on board a number of English sailors, who have been lately released from the prisons in Barbary.
The William and Ann, Kirwin, from Malaga, with wine and fruit, was brought to the 8th instant, near the Straits mouth, by a Moorish squadron with an admiral's flag, who, after detaining the ship eight hours, and taking some casks of raisins, dismissed her, to the great joy of the crew, who were happy to get rid of the pirates at so cheap a rate.
A letter from Dornock, in the shire of Sutherland, dated September 16, says, "This day failed from the Firth below this town the ship Nancy, of Sutherland, George Smith, master, with 250 emigrants from this county, for New York. The freight exceeds 650 guineas. Last year another ship failed from this county for Carolina, with emigrants, who paid 650l. freight. A third ship is lading with emigrants from the confines of this and the neighbouring county of Caithness, also for Carolina; and more are preparing to go next spring."
The following is an extract of a letter from a gentleman at Ramsgate, dated September 25: "The air of this place seems to agree with me very well, my health being now greatly better than when I left town; for some time after my arrival here I generally bathed in the sea every morning, but the late gales of wind have interrupted my diurnal immersions, and done considerable damage to the shipping. On Thursday last a ship of 200 tons burthen, bound to Gibraltar, with rum and bail goods, having been drove on shore by a vessel in the Downs, and being otherwise greatly damaged, hung out signals of distress; boats immediately went off to her assistance, and brought her into the harbour to rest, and within these 24 hours above 20 sail of shipping have put in for shelter, and to repair their damage, amongst which was a large Swede laden with timber and deals for Havre-de-Grace, and a French ship with sugar, &c. for Dunkirk. As a sincere well wisher to trade and navigation, I am rejoiced to think that this harbour may be the means of preserving a great number of lives, and a vast deal of commercial property."
An election print is handed about, representing the City Bull Fight. The patriot, with the staff of liberty, is pushing his bull on, who is driving at Oliver and Sawbridge; the former is making his attack in a suit of tower armour, and the latter with the dagger of Brutus; the Parson of Brentford, in endeavouring to halter the bull, has haltered himself; Sir Watkin, with a goat's head, is backing the patriot, and at the hustings is Hopping Jemmy, with bags of city savings; of the court candidates, Haxxy is in the air tossed by the bull, and Eisdale waddling away.
Saturday a waggon load of tea was brought from Portsmouth to the excise office. The above tea had been seized on board a smuggling vessel near the Isle of Wight.
On Monday evening a domestic of the Duke of Cumberland shot himself in his apartments at Windsor Lodge, it is supposed through a love affair, though upwards of fifty years of age.
The Honourable Charles Fox meeting the other day with the Honourable J. Dyson (who looked rather more thin and meagre than even he usually does) the latter, in the course of some ordinary conversation, broke off rather abruptly, by recollecting he had some business at the navy office; upon which Charles very coolly replied, "I should rather imagine, Mr. Dyson, your business lay at the victualling office."
WATERFORD, September 21. Wednesday night last a noted chalkler from Dublin attacked a decrepid idiot in Ros, in the county of Wexford, with an intent to ravish her, but alarmed by her shrieks, he struck her with a stone on the head, to make her incapable of offering any resistance. After which he tore out her bowels, and dashed them against the wall, and then endeavoured to escape, but by the timely vigilance of Mr. Annesley, was next morning taken, and conducted to the gaol of Wexford. He says his name is Thomas Fox.
DUBLIN, September 21. A ship from Boston to Liverpool, which has put into Bantry to repair some damage, met the Blessed Endeavour transport, with troops from Cork to Pensacola, in lat. 38, 20, who informed them that they had a very tedious and stormy passage; several of their crew were sick, and that they had buried twenty soldiers and one officer.
H A R T F O R D, November 9. The season has been so warm and prolific in the Nine Partners, that we are credibly informed good, plump, ripe strawberries were picked in those parts about the middle of October last, and that many other vegetables were in bloom.
Last Thursday the company of military adventurers met in this place agreeable to adjournment, when they unanimously voted that they would pursue the most vigorous measures to carry on the settlement of the lands in West Florida, reserved for them by the government, as soon as possible. And also that four sets of undertakers be permitted to undertake and carry on the settlement of four townships; they having liberty to locate the same in any part of the reserved tract, and obliged themselves to embark with a sufficient number of settlers by the 10th of December next. Also General Lyman, Alexander Wollcot, and Roger Nemberry, Esquires, Messrs. James Church and Ralph Pomeroy, were at said meeting appointed the standing committee of said company. Also Mr. James Church was appointed treasurer, and Mr. Ralph Pomeroy clerk to said company; and then said meeting adjourned, to be opened at this place on the first day of December next.
B O S T O N, November 18. It is now confidently asserted that four vessels may be hourly expected here from London, with three hundred chests of the East India company's detested tea .
Last evening a number of people assembled before the house of Richard Clarke, Esquire, one of the tea commissioners, and huzzaed, upon which a musket was fired from his house among the populace, which so enraged them that they broke his windows, &c.
Notifications were yesterday issued for a town meeting today, relative to the expected tea.
N E W P O R T, November 22. We are assured that 50 or 60 families in this town, who have constantly used tea in their houses for a time, have lately entirely refrained from that pernicious herb; and that numbers of others are on the point of abandoning the disgraceful practice of tea-drinking.
As a most useful hint to tea-drinkers, we can assure them, from the best authority, that all bohea tea , as well as green , by being kept a considerable time, will breed a kind of insect, somewhat resembling a flea, which renders the tea more pernicious to health than it would otherwise prove; and therefore, as the East India company are so anxious to force their rotten tea into this country, it is most probable that it is greatly damaged by those insects, so that they cannot sell it at home, for which reason it behoves the Americans to be very cautious in buying tea of any kind, more especially what comes from England. But the surest way to be safe is to drink none.
As a proof of the foregoing, those who will examine a large, unbroken leaf of tea, which is old, will find it eaten through like a cloth which has been much moth-eaten; and this, most likely, is the reason why great quantities of tea, which comes to this country, is so fine, it having been broken on purpose to prevent the discovery of its age, &c.
N E W Y O R K, November 25. Last Friday his Majesty's 47th regiment, commanded by Lieutenant Col. Nesbitt, was reviewed at Perth Amboy, by his Excellency General Haldimand, commander in chief, attended by the gentlemen of the staff. The appearance of the officers and men induced the spectators to consider them as the sons of those veterans that composed the battalion whose firmness and discipline, animated by the immortal Wolfe, was so eminently distinguished in the late war.
By letters from London we are informed that a ship was loaded, and in the Downs, with 600 chests of tea, for Philadelphia; another was loading for New York, with 600 chests; a third for Boston, and a fourth for South Carolina. Still it is declared that no duty is to be paid on its arrival in America. We hourly expect an account that the first of them is arrived in the Delaware.
His Excellency Governor Tryon very lately sent Abraham C. Cuyler, Esquire, mayor of the city of Albany, the sum of one hundred pounds New-York currency, in pursuance of directions contained in the last will and testament of William Wake, Esquire, father of Mrs. Tryon, for the relief of debtors confined in the gaol of the city of Albany; which charitable donation has relieved six persons from confinement, and greatly comforted and assisted eleven others still remaining in prison. The greatest gratitude conceivable is expressed by all those unhappy persons who have been benefited by this charitable legacy.
W I L L I A M S B U R G, December 16. By the Hope, Holmes, arrived in James river, in seven weeks and two days from London, we are informed that Alderman BULL is chosen Mayor of the city of London for the ensuing year.
Last Saturday died, in the 26th year of her age, Mrs. FRANCES HORROCKS, relict of the Reverend Mr. James Horrocks. She was adorned with every truly feminine virtue, unaffected piety, filial affection, and conjugal fidelity. As a mortal, undoubtedly she had foibles, but they were so far eclipsed by her excellencies as not to be remembered long. She supported, with the most heroic fortitude, a painful disease, which preyed on the vital flame, and at length extinguished the bright lamp of life. Animated by pure religion, and cheered by the pleasing prospect of being soon reunited to the friend of her youth, the husband of her choice, she rose

superior to all the terrors of death, and waited his last agonizing attack with a serenity which fully evinced her certainty of enjoying those pleasures which never satiate those eternal felicities over which neither time nor death can prevail!
Died lately, Mrs. W R A Y , spouse of Mr. Jacob Wray of Hampton.
At the court of Oyer and Terminer, on Tuesday last, the following criminals were brought to their trials, and received sentence as follows: Michael Kennedy, and John Whitney (alias Merryman) from King George, for burglary: Guilty. Death. Jesse May, from Hanover, for manslaughter: Burnt in the hand. John M'Kinney, from Charlotte, for a rape: Acquitted. Nicholas Smith, from Spotsylvania, for a misdemeanor: Guilty. To be imprisoned three months, and to pay a fine of 5 l.
WILLIAMSBURG, December 16, 1773.
As the partnership of Allan and Turner is now dissolved by the decease of the former, all persons indebted to them are requested to pay off their respective accounts between this and the April court, as the surviving partner has then several large sums to make up. Those who have any demands against them will be paid by applying to the subscriber. The business will be carried on to the usual extent, and GOODS sold at the same low prices as formerly.
JOHN TURNER.
FREDERICKSBURG, December 10, 1773.
In compassion to JAMES TRACEY , I am induced to make the following enquiry: First, giving a short account of his misfortunes, he was, as near as he can remember, taken prisoner in the year 1763, together with four Negroes, by the Shawanese Indians, on Sinking Creek, New River, from which time he has remained a prisoner and slave under a barbarous master, until the preceding spring, when he made his escape, with three others; and after a tedious journey, in quest of father and family, got to the place of his former residence, where he was informed they had removed to what they called VIRGINIA , to his great mortification; and, although much pains he hath taken, has not yet been so happy to make any farther discovery of them. He is now in this town, where he will remain for some time. Any person who will favour him with any intelligence of his friends will meet with unfeigned thanks, and greatly add to the peace of mind of the unfortunate young man, and no doubt to the inexpressible joy of his parents. Any such intelligence may be conveyed by directing to James Tracey, addressed to the care of the subscriber, in Fredericksburg.
BENJAMIN JOHNSTON.
WILLIAMSBURG, December 9, 1773.
The bonds due to the estate of George Christopher White, late of Amelia county, deceased, being all assigned over to us, and most of them having been due a considerable time, it is expected that speedy payment will be made, to prevent the disagreeable necessity of bringing suits.
BALFOUR AND BARRAUD.
On the first day of January next will be sold, to the highest bidder, at public auction, at the plantation of Doctor James Blair, deceased, in the forks of Hanover county, one moiety of all the said James's personal estate at that place, consisting of cattle, hogs, plantation utensils, &c. &c. At the same time and place will be rented out, to the best bidder, all my dower in the said Blair's lands and slaves; among the slaves there are six workers.
C. BLAIR.
To be SOLD on Monday the 3d of January, at my store in Blandford,
All the GOODS remaining on hand in the said store, amounting to about 900 l. sterling, which will be put up in small lots to suit the purchasers. Three months credit will be allowed, on giving bond and good security. Tobacco, wheat, or corn, will be taken in payment of the bonds when due, at the cash market price. The debtors to the store are once more desired to settle and discharge their balances, as I cannot grant farther indulgence.
JOHN BLAND.
The subscribers have, at the stores kept by them respectively, at Falmouth and Boyd's Hole, for Mr. John Bland, of London, about 4000 l. worth of EUROPEAN GOODS; which they will sell very cheap for ready money, or short credit, or will barter them for tobacco, corn, wheat, rum, &c. The debtors to those stores are hereby required to make immediate payment, as we are forbid to grant farther indulgence to any of them.
DAVID BRIGGS, ANDREW GRANT.
Taken up, in Orange, at the foot of the Great Mountain, a middle sized mouse coloured mare, about 4 feet 7 or 8 inches high, branded on the near buttock K, appears to be about 11 years old; has on a bell. Posted, and appraised to 10 l.
JOHN HARVEY.
Taken up, in Orange, a brindled pied cow and calf; the points of her horns are cut off; she is marked with a crop, half crop, and slit, in each ear. Posted, and appraised to 2 l. 13 s.
WILLIAM PEACHER.
THERE will be hired, at King William courthouse, on Friday the 31st of this instant December, between 40 and 50 NEGROES. Those who hired last year are desired to return them well clothed, and pay the money to Mr. John Watkins, who is appointed to receive the same by Col. Johnson's trustees. There will be hired, in the city of Williamsburg, near twenty NEGROES, by Richard Bray, on the same day, for Col. Johnson's trustees.
FOR SALE,
THREE hundred and twenty five acres of LAND, lying in Orange county, on the north fork of Pamunkey river, within 25 miles of Fredericksburg. It has on it a new dwellinghouse lately built, and is well timbered with oak and pine. Any person inclined to purchase may apply to Robert Smith, living adjoining to the land, or to the subscriber, in Essex county. Long credit will be given for two thirds of the purchase money. JOHN SMITHER.
To be RENTED, to the highest bidder, for the term of five years, on Monday the 3d of January next, at Charlotte courthouse, being court day,
THE ORDINARY and other necessary houses at that place, to be entered on immediately after the first day of July next. The person renting the same to give bond, with sufficient security, to
The PROPRIETOR.
WARWICK, December 11, 1773.
WHEREAS inspectors notes for the following list of tobacco were stolen from the subscriber last Monday night, in Williamsburg, the public is hereby forewarned from purchasing any of the said notes; duplicates being granted, and sworn certificates lodged, with the several inspectors. Of the last inspection at Cedar Point warehouse, No. 1713; at Davis's, 1416; at Bolingbroke, 2602; at Boyd's, 2149. Of the present inspection, at Cedar Point, 227, 228, 229, 249, 250, 251; at John Bolling's, 147, 148, 296, 356, 529; at Bolingbroke, 171, 292, 734; at Blandford, 102, 106; at Robert Bolling's, 268, 269; at Boyd's, 493; at Davis's, 380, 381; and at Shockoe's, A. L. 1, Ayres Layne.
JOHN LEITCH.
FREDERICKSBURG, December 8, 1773.
THE subscriber intending to leave the colony immediately, for the space of a few months, earnestly requests those whose bonds and accounts he some time ago put into the hands of Mr. James Somerville to make him immediate payment. The business hitherto carried on under the firm of Duncanson and Maury is continued under the direction of Mr. James Duncanson. JAMES MAURY.
To be SOLD, on the premises, to the highest bidder, pursuant to the last will and testament of Mrs. Anna Smelt, deceased, on Thursday the 30th instant (December)
A TRACT of land lying about 8 miles from Todd's warehouse, in King & Queen county, containing 967 acres; there are good improvements on the same, and the soil is well adapted for the growth of any kind of grain. Long credit will be allowed the purchaser, on giving bond and security to the subscriber. If the said land should not be sold on the above mentioned day, the subscriber (living near the premises) would be glad to treat with any person inclined to purchase at any time after. At the same time and place will be sold, all the personal estate of the said Anna Smelt, consisting of flocks of cattle, horses, hogs, and sheep, household and kitchen furniture, plantation utensils, and many other things too tedious to mention. Twelve months credit will be given for all sums above twenty five shillings, the purchasers giving bond and security to the subscriber, who would be glad to rent annually, or lease for a term of years, the storehouses, warehouses, and ordinary, at Todd's warehouses, on reasonable terms. They are well situated for carrying on an advantageous trade. Several valuable Negroes will be hired at the above place and time. WILLIAM TODD.
To be SOLD, on the first day of January next, at Mr. Ridlehurst's, in Hampton, to the highest bidder,
TWO likely NEGRO GIRLS. Six months credit will be allowed, the purchaser to give bond, with approved security, to
JAMES WALLACE, HENRY KING.
COMMITTED to the gaol of New Kent county, the third of this instant (December) a runaway Negro man, who says his name is TOM , and that he belongs to Mrs. Dorothy Jones of Amelia county. The said Negro is about 5 feet 6 inches high, of a yellowish complexion, and much the appearance of an Indian, has lost one of his fore teeth, and has a large scar on his left arm, and also on his left ankle and foot, his hair is rather more of the Indian kind than that of a Negro; had on a Russia sheeting coat and breeches, a red cloth jacket much wore, and a white linen shirt. The owner is desired to prove her property, pay charges, and take him away.
JOSIAH HOLT, D. S.
Taken up, in New Kent, a black roan horse, about 12 years old, branded on the near shoulder and buttock C, and has a nick in each ear. Posted, and appraised to 8 l. CHARLES WORD.
THE subscriber, of Prince Edward county, having purchased of a certain Daniel Kerns, late of the said county, a tract of land, for which he passed his bond to the said Kerns for the sum of 30 l. payable last March, but as the said Kerns has not, and it appearing that he cannot, make me a sufficient title to the said land, all persons are forewarned from taking an assignment of the said bond.
WILLIAM HANSFORD.
Taken up, in Bedford, a dark bay mare, about 12 hands and a half high, has a small bell on marked T. I. C. branded on the near shoulder with something like a woman's stirrup iron, and is about 9 years old. Posted, and appraised to 3 l.
ROBERT COWAN.
Taken up, in Charlotte, a middle sized black mare, about 15 years old, branded on each shoulder D, has one remarkable saddle spot, and is lately shod before. Posted, and appraised to 5 l. 10 s. DOUGLASS WATSON.
FOR SALE,
SEVERAL valuable tracts of LAND, adjoining each other, or both sides of Chappawamick Run, in the counties of Stafford and Prince William, containing 2600 acres, being the seat whereon the subscriber formerly resided. These lands are situate four miles above Aquia warehouses, and four miles below the town of Dumfries, the soil of more than half of it exceeding good; there is on it as fine a mill seat as any in the colony, upon a large and never failing stream. There is a great appearance of iron ore, and a large quantity of white oak and pine timber, a tolerable commodious dwellinghouse, a great number of convenient outhouses, good orchards, and several tenements in order for cropping. There are also 200 acres of fine meadow ground, half of which was sowed in timothy last fall and this spring. A more particular description will be unnecessary, as it is presumed that any person inclined to purchase will view the premises; and the subscriber earnestly entreats all such to form their ideas of the value of this estate from their own observations, and not from any accounts they may receive from others, as there are some persons, who are thought good natured, worthy men, amuse themselves with decrying the property of their neighbours, even at the expence of truth, and under the mask of friendship to the person injured. And the subscriber is more particular in this caution, as he hath formerly received several severe injuries of that kind from one in that neighbourhood. The above lands are under the incumbrance of two mortgages; the one for a considerable sum, made by the subscriber himself, the other for an inconsiderable sum, made by the person of whom he purchased one of the small tracts, which mortgages are to be first paid out of the money arising from the sale. For terms apply to THOMSON MASON.
FOR SALE,
THE public STOREHOUSE in that part of the town of Richmond called Shockoe, rented at fifteen pounds a year; the two half acre lots, No. 400 and No. 670, in the same town; the valuable lot of one hundred acres of timbered land, near the same, known by the description of No. 799; also the two half acre lots, No. 116 and No. 267, in the town of Manchester or Rocky Ridge, on the south side of the falls of James river. For terms apply to Joshua Storrs of Richmond, or to the subscriber.
THOMSON MASON.
YORK town, June 9, 1773.
THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with the will of their testator, the late Honourable William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as possible. Those who have accounts open on his books, and who cannot immediately discharge the balances, are desired to give their bonds. This request is the more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it can be done. Those who have any demands are desired to make them immediately known.
THOMAS NELSON, HUGH NELSON, THOMAS NELSON, jun. RO. C. NICHOLAS.
To be SOLD and entered upon immediately,
A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county. It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I advertised last year and then gave a full account of it, since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke, of Maryland, but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more to offer it to the public. Any person inclined to purchase may know the terms by applying to me in Middlesex. I want part of the money at the meeting of the merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable credit.
AUGUSTINE SMITH.
Taken up, in King George, a grey mare, paces naturally, branded on the near shoulder L, and on the near buttock W. Posted, and appraised to 4 l. ROBERT MACKIE.